short story elements.ppt
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SHORT STORY ELEMENTS
Group 1
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M!"# E$EME#%&
&etting – the time and location in which a storytakes place
'lot the se!uence o" e#ents in a story or play (onflict the opposition o" "orces which ties one
incident to another and makes the plot mo#e (haracter the person and his characteristics ina work o" "iction
%heme the central idea or $elie" %urning point)
a point at which a decisi#e chan%e takes place critical point& crisis'
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SETT(NG
The time and location in which a storytakes place is called the setting' )orsome stories the settin% is #ery
important* while "or others it is not'
There are se#eral aspects o" a story+s
settin% to consider when e,aminin% howsettin% contri$utes to a story' Some* orall* may $e present'
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!&'E(%& "# &E%%"#*
'lace -here is the story takin% place.
%ime -hen is the story takin% place.
+eather conditions (s it rainy*sunny/.
&ocial conditions -hat is the daily li"eo" the characters like.
Mood or atmosphere -hat "eelin% iscreated at the $e%innin% o" the story.
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'$,%
The plot is how the author arran%es
e#ents to de#elop his $asic idea& it is the
se!uence o" e#ents' The plot is a
planned* lo%ical series o" e#ents ha#in%
a $e%innin%* middle and end' The short
story usually has one plot so it can $e
read in one sittin%'
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-ie essential parts of plot
"ntroduction the $e%innin% o" the story
where the characters and the settin% is
re#ealed
/ising !ction This is where the e#ents
in the story $ecome complicated and the
con"lict in the story is re#ealed
(limax This is the hi%hest point o"interest and the turnin% point o" the story'
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0lot cont'
-alling !ction The e#ents and
complications $e%in to resol#e
themsel#es' The reader knows what has
happened ne,t and i" the con"lict was
resol#ed or not
0enouement This is the "inal outcome
or untan%lin% o" e#ents in the story
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Plot
Plot is how the author arranges events to develophis/her basic idea. It is the sequence of events in astory or play. The plot is a planned, logical series ofevents having a beginning, middle and end.
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(,#-$"(%
(t is the opposition o" "orces which ties
one incident to another and makes the
plot mo#e' (t is any "orm o" opposition
that "aces the main character'
-ithin a short story there may $e only
one central stru%%le* or one dominant
stru%%le with many minor ones'
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%here are two types of conflict
1' External a stru%%le with a "orce
outside one+s sel"
2' "nternal a stru%%le within one+s sel"&
a person must make some decision*
o#ercome pain* !uiet their temper* resist
un ur%e* etc'
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%here are four kinds of conflict
1' man s man 3physical4
2' man s circumstances 3classical4
5' man s society 3social4
6' man s himherself 3psycholo%ical4
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Types Of Conict…a deeper look
1.Character vs. Character(problem with another character)
3. Character vs. Society(problem with the laws or beliefs of a group)(character vs. community, society or culture)
2. Character vs. Nature
(problem with force of nature)
4. Character vs. Self (problem with deciding what to
do or think; inner conflict!)
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(3!/!(%E/
This includes the person in a work o" "iction
and the characteristics o" a person'
(n a work o" "iction* one "inds the protagonistand the antagonist' The prota%onist is the
central character with all ma7or e#ents ha#in%
some importance to him8her' The opposer o"
the main character is the anta%onist'
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The protagonist is the
“good guy”
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The antagonist is the
“bad guy” or force
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%he (haracteristics of a 'erson
(haracteriation is the in"ormation the
author %i#es the reader a$out the characters
themsel#es' These include
a' His8her physical appearance$' -hat he8she says* thinks* "eels and dreams
c' -hat he8she does or does not do
d' -hat others say a$out him8her and howothers react to him8her
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9haracter cont'
9haracters are
1. "ndiidual 3round* many sided and comple,4
2. 0eeloping 3dynamic* chan%in%45. &tatic 3stereotype* characteristics that ne#er
chan%e and are emphasi:ed4
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%3EME
The theme is the controllin% idea
or its central insi%ht' (t is the
author+s underlyin% meanin% ormain idea that he is tryin% to
con#ey' (t may $e the author+s
thou%hts a$out a topic or #iew o"human nature
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Theme cont'
The title o" the short story usually points to
what the writer is sayin% and he may use
#arious "i%ures o" speech to emphasi:e
his theme* such as
sym$ol* allusion* simile* metaphor*
hyper$ole or irony
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Theme cont'
Some simple e,amples o" common
themes "rom literature* T;* and "ilm are
< Lo#e is $lind
< =elie#e in yoursel"
< >on?t 7ud%e a $ook $y its co#er
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ey terms in
some common
LiteraryThemes
@m$ition Aealousy
=eauty Loneliness
=etrayal Lo#e
9oura%e Loyalty
>uty8honor 3"ilialpiety4
0erse#erance
)ear 0re7udice
)reedom Su""erin%
Happiness Truth