Teacher:

Mrs. Dra. Hj. Jenny Noviany. F. M.M.Pd.

 

Arranged by:

Anggastya Diah Andita H.P

Aulia Azizah

Dinda Risza Riani

Donna Sita Soraya

Maya Saviera

Prafitri Saraswati Darmawan

IDENTIFYINGTHE CHARACTERISTICS OF GROUPS OF

CHEMICAL ELEMENTS

Group IA “Alkaline Metals”

Software is a highly reactive metals all form ionic compounds with non-metallic elements are the same, such as LiCl, NaCl, KCl. It reactivity increase in the table when it is getting to the bottom because their outer electrons are farther from the nucleus, making them easier to move

Elements:

1. Hydrogen (H) 2. Lithium (Li)3. Sodium (Na)4. Potassium (K)5. Rubidium (Rb)6. Caesium (Cs)7. Francium (Fr)

Li Na

Rb K

Cs

Characteristics:1. Consists of a soft metal that is very reactive2. All form ions with non-metallic elements-elements of the same formula

Group IIA “Metals Alkaline Soil”

So named because of its compounds are generally found in rocks and minerals. As with class IA, reaktifitasnya increased further down in the table. Reaction with water to form alkaline solution. 

Elements:1. Beryllium (Be) 2. Magnesium (Mg)3. Calcium (Ca)4. Strontium (Sr)5. Barium (Ba)6. Radium (Ra)

Be

Ba

Ca

Mg

Sr

Ra

Characteristics:1. Consists of a soft metal that is very reactive2. All form ions with non-metallic elements-elements of the same formula

Group IIIA “Boron”  Boron is the definition as chemical elements

with atomic number and atomic mass 10 811 5. boron is non-metals elements with melting point 2300 ° Celsius and the boiling point of 2550 ° Celsius. Boron was discovered in 1808 by H. Davy and L. Gay Lussac and L. Thenard. Boron is not free there. Kernit main ore, borax, koremanit, and uteksit. The use of boron for nuclear reactors, solar cells, and some compounds used in medicine.

Chemical number is B

• Elements:

1. Boron (B)2. Aluminum (Al)3. Gallium (Ga)4. Indium (In)5. Thallium (Tl)6. Ununtrium (Uut)

B Al

GaIn

Tl

Characteristics:

1. Have a modestly increasing ionization energy down but back up to the elements Ti2. Have radii of atoms that the higher the down3. The higher the metallic properties down4. Boron is naturally unreactive except at elevated temperatures, while the aluminum is very reactive5. Forming covalent bonds with the halogen elements (Cl, Br, F) and has a low boiling point (is volatile)6. Hydrates can form complex compounds

Group IVA “Carbon”

Showed a large variation of giant covalent structures of diamond and graphite metallic tin until soft but, its compounds have similar chemical formulas such as CCI, SiCl, GeCl, SnCl, and PbCl.

Elements:

1. Carbon (C)2. Silicon (Si)3. Germanium (Ge)4. Tin (Sn)5. Lead (Pb)6. Ununquadium (Uuq)

C

Sn

Si

Ge

Pb

Characteristics:1. Except Carbon, generally not found in nature in free form2. The more downward the more electropositive3. Amphoteric compounds which can form the oxide form Sn (IV) and oxides of Pb (IV)4. Can form complex compounds with oxidation to 65. Except Carbon, can react with bases6. Except for Pb, can form compounds dioxide when reacted with the air7. Except for C and Si, can react Halogen

Group VA “Nitrogen”

A colorless nonmetallic element, tasteless and odorless, comprising four fifths of the atmosphere by volume. It is chemically very inert in the free state, and as such is incapable of supporting life (hence the name azote still used by French chemists); but it forms many important compounds, as ammonia, nitric acid, the cyanides, etc, and is a constituent of all organized living tissues, animal or vegetable. Symbol N. Atomic weight 14. It was formerly regarded as a permanent noncondensible gas

Elements:

1. Nitrogen (N)2. Phosphorus (P)3. Arsenic (As)4. Antimony (Sb)5. Bismuth (Bi)6. (UUP)

As

N P

Sb

Bi

• Characteristics:1. Ionization energy is very high, so it is difficult to form a cation2. Sb oxide forming amphoteric oxides, whereas N, P, As and Bi to form acidic oxides to form alkaline oxides3. Except for N, can have oxidation number 64. As and Sb-shaped elements metalloids5. Can form hydride compounds diminishing its stability6. Except for N, can act as electrical conductors7. In nature there are free in the form of minerals such as Apait Ca5 (PO4) 3 OH, Orpiment As2S3, Stibnit Sb2S3, Bismuthinite Bi2S3

Group VIA “Oxygen” 

A colorless, tasteless, odorless, gaseous element occurring in the free state in the atmosphere, of which it forms about 23 per cent by weight and about 21 per cent by volume, being slightly heavier than nitrogen. Symbol O. Atomic weight 15.96.

Elements:

1. Oxygen (O)2. Sulfur (S)3. Selenium (Se)4. Telerium (Te)5. Polonium (Po)6. Ununheksium (Uuh)

Se

Te

SO

• Characteristics:1. Lower degrees of ion2. Can easily be tied with two other atoms

Group VIIA “Halogen” 

Class of elements of non-reactive metal, reaktifitasnya meurun getting to the bottom in the table. In forming ionic or covalent compounds, such as NaCl and HCl. Found in nature in the form of diatomic molecules

Elements:

1. Flour (F)2. Chlorine (Cl)3. Bromine (Br)4. Iodine (I)5. Astatine (At)6. (Uus)

Cl Br

l

• Characteristics:1. Highly reactive electron capture (oxidizer)2. Because of its reactivity is very high halogen can not exist in a free state in nature

Group VIIIA “Noble Gasses” 

Noble Gasses very reactive, monatomic gas. All have a full outer shell and the ability to react very small.

Elements:

1. Helium (He)2. Neon (Ne)3. Argon (Ar)4. Krypton (Kr)5. Xenon (Xe)6. Radon (Rn)7. Ununoktium (Uuo)

He Ne

Ar Kr

Xe

• Characteristics:1. Not reactive