SHIPPING HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

A Training Course in 49CFR

Updated 6/2002

Course Objectives

Provides a review of U.S. DOT Hazardous Materials Regulations

Forms part of recurrent training as required by 49CFR

Hazardous Materials Regulations

Hazardous materials are regulated in order to:– Prevent accidents, leaks and spills– Help emergency responders– Ensure that HAZMAT employees are

aware of the hazards of materials they handle

What Are Hazardous Materials?

“HAZARDOUS MATERIALS are any substances or materials, including environmentally hazardous substances, which have been determined to be capable of posing an unreasonable risk to health, safety or property when transported in commerce, and have been so designated.” (171.8)

Laws Affect Transportation of Hazardous Materials

Regulations US DOT Reg. 49 CFR ..........................All modes within the

USA ICAO Technical Instructions ................International air

transport (International Civil Aviation Organization)

IATA Dangerous Goods Reg................ Commercial air transport (International Air Transportation Association)

IMDG Code ..........................................International sea transport (International Maritime Dangerous Goods)

TDG Regulations Regulations .............Shipments to/from Canada (Transportation of Dangerous Goods)

Mexican DOT Regs. ........................... Shipments to/from Mexico

The Hazardous Materials Regs

The HMR of the Federal Hazardous Materials Transportation LAW (49 CFR) apply to:– Responsibilities for offering and accepting

shipments– Classification of hazardous materials– Packaging standards– Shipping papers– Labels, marks and placards– Emergency response requirements– Training requirements – Registration– Segregation and modal requirements

Penalties

Civil Penalties– Maximum fines up to $25,000 per day per

violation. Updated for inflation Criminal Penalties

– Fines up to $500,000 per day per violation

– Up to five years in prison Injunctive Action

– Shipments stopped or seized

Enforcement Authorities

Research & Special Programs Admin. (RSPA)

Federal Highway Administrations (FHA)

State DOT /State police Federal Railway Administration (FRA) Federal Aviation Administration

(FAA) U.S. Coast Guard

Numbering Sections in 49 CFR

172. 500 (b) (1)

Part Section Paragraph Subparagraph

Structure of HMR

– Part 171 Definitions– Part 172 - Hazard Communication– Part 172.101 - Hazardous Materials Table– Part 173 - Classification and Packaging– Part 174, 175, 176 & 177 - Modal Variations– Part 178 - Standards for Non-Bulk

Packaging– Part 179 - Standards for Bulk Packaging

(tank cars)– Part 180 - Continuing qualification/maint.

Administrative Requirements

Registration for certain shippers and transporters

Training of HAZMAT employees

Training Requirements [172.704]

Train all HAZMAT employees to:– Understand the regulations– Recognize and identify hazardous materials– Know reg. requirements that apply to his/her

job– Be aware of relevant emergency response info.

Types of Training: General awareness, function specific, safety

Safety/OSHA/EPA training Driver training (CDL)

Administrative Requirements

The HAZMAT employer must– Train & test employees– Certify & keep records

Training Compliance Dates– New employee - 90 days– Job function changed - 90 days– Update every 3 years

Six Steps to Compliance

1. Classification - obtain shipping description

2. Packaging - selection and assembly3. Marking of packages4. Labeling of packages5. Shipping papers & emergency

response info6. Placarding & marking of vehicles

For NJ-review Steps 1, 5 and 6

Step 1 of the Six Step Procedure

Obtain shipping description (172.202)

SHIP--The Basic Shipping Description consists of: – The Shipping Name– The Hazard Classification– The Identification Number (UN or

NA)– The Packing Group

HM Table

Packing Groups

Packing Group I - Great danger Packing Group II - Moderate danger Packing Group III - Mild danger

Hazard Classes/Divisions

Class 1 - Explosives (173.50) Class 2 - Compressed gasses (173.115) Class 3 - Flammable liquids (173.120) Class 4 - Flammable solids (173.240) Class 5 - Oxidizers and organic peroxides (173.127 &

128) Class 6 - Poisonous and infectious materials (173.132 &

134) Class 7 - Radioactives (173.403) Class 8 - Corrosive materials (173.136) Class 9 - Miscellaneous Hazardous Materials (173.140), ORM - Other Regulated Material (173.144), Elevated Temperature (171.8)

Multiple Hazards

Some materials may have more than one hazard

The first one is called the primary hazard Other hazards are called subsidiary risks

How do you determine primary hazard?– Precedence of Hazard Table (173.2a(b))– HM Table

Hazardous Substances

“Hazardous substances” are materials that:

Are listed in Appendix A to Section 172.101; AND

Are in a quantity in one package that equals or exceeds the listed Reportable Quantity (RQ)

Example?

Marine Pollutants

“Marine pollutants” are defined as materials which:

Are listed in Appendix B to Table 172.101; AND

Are packaged in a concentration greater than 10% for marine pollutant or 1% for severe marine pollutants

Using the HM Table (172.101)

Shipping names Hazard classes Identification numbers Labeling requirements Special provisions Package specifications

Shipping Name Procedures (I)

Chemicals listed by name

Chemicals not listed by name– Generic names based on hazard– Generic names based on chemical

family– Generic names based on usage– Technical name rule for generic names

(172.203(k))

Shipping Name Procedures (II)

Hazardous Substances and Marine Pollutants, not meeting the definition of a DOT hazard class– Environmentally hazardous substance,

liquid, n.o.s.– Environmentally hazardous substance,

solid, n.o.s.– Other regulated substance, liquid, n.o.s– Other regulated substance, solid, n.o.s.

Step 5 of the Six Step Procedure

Completing the shipping paper for hazardous material shipments

The Shipping Description

S H I P -- The shipping paper must show the basic shipping description, consisting of:– Proper shipping name– Hazard class and division (subsidiary is

optional for domestic shipment)– Identification number (UN or NA)– Packing Group (I, II or III)

»PLUS more?

– The total quantity

Additional Shipping Paper Requirements (I)

DOT exemption number, if applicable Limited Quantity, if applicable RQ for hazardous substances Marine Pollutant Residue, last contained, if applicable Dangerous When Wet for Division 4.3[172.203]

Additional Shipping Paper Requirements (II)

Technical name(s) in parentheses, if applicable

Poison Inhalation Hazard, if applicable Poison, if not otherwise indicated HOT for elevated temperature material Radioactives Special requirements for air, rail and

water

Shipper’s Certification

“This is to certify the above named materials are properly classified, described, packaged, marked and labeled, and are in proper condition for transportation according to the applicable regulations of the Department of Transport.”

[172.204]

Hazardous and Non-Hazardous Materials

You can list hazardous and non-hazardous materials on the same shipping paper, if you do one of the following:

– Enter all hazardous materials first– Highlight hazardous materials– Mark an “X” or RQ in column headed

“Hazardous Materials” or “HM”

Emergency Response Information

Shippers use MSDS, ERG, or forms. Information must include:

– Basic Description of the hazardous material– Immediate hazards to health– Risks of fire or explosion– Immediate precautions in case of an accident– Procedures in case of fire– Methods for handling spills and leaks– Preliminary first aid– 24-hour telephone number (on shipping papers)

Review a sample shipping paper

Step 6 of the Six Step Procedure

Placarding vehicles and containers of hazardous materials (172.500)

Background

Placards, labels, identification numbers, markings, and shipping papers are ways to communicate hazard information.

What is

A label? A marking? A placard? An identification number? What is a primary hazard

placard/label? Subsidiary risk placard/label will also

include class/division number on the bottom corner (as of Oct. 2001).

What to placard?

Table 1 - placard any quantity– cannot use “DANGEROUS” placard

Table 2 - Placard if total quantity 454 kg (1001 pounds)– “DANGEROUS” placard permitted for

mixed load if < 1000 Kg (2205 lb) per class loaded at facility

Identification Numbers and placement

Bulk containers must display the identification number of their contents, either on the placard, or an orange panel beside the placard.

Placards should be placed on each end and each side of motor vehicles or railroads.

Cargo tanks and portable tanks less than 1000 gallons require two placards on opposite sides of the tank

Examples

Examples

Examples

Examples

Examples

Examples

Examples

Examples

Examples

Examples

Examples

Examples

Examples

Exceptions may be allowed

– Small Quantities Exceptions (173.4)– Materials of Trade (MOT) (173.6)– Exceptions for various classes/div.

(173.13 )– Limited Quantity, ORM-D (column 8A)– Agricultural operations (173.5)– Government material (173.7)– Placarding exceptions– DOT Exemptions

Summary

UNDERSTAND the hazard of the materials you handle

KNOW and FOLLOW all your HAZMAT responsibilities, as they apply to your job

You must know the BASIC DESCRIPTION of a material to ship it properly

If you have questions, ASK SOMEONE who knows. Consult regs, procedures, others