1-23

IMPLEMENTING THE RECOMENDATIONS

OF THE WORLD BANK/WHO WORLD

REPORT IN IBERO-AMERICA

AND THE CARIBBEAN

2-19 THREE CRITICAL ELEMENTS TO CONSIDER

Speeds on our roadways Safer routes for Pedestrians, Cyclists, and Handicapped Crash protective roadsides

3-23 CAUSE OF ACCIDENTS

Human Factors (95%)

Vehicle (8%)2%

Roadway (29%)

3% 4%

24%

2%

65%

ALL ROADS ARE SAFE ATLOW SPEEDS

5-19ARBITRARILY LOW SPEED LIMITS DO NOT WORK

6-19DIFFERENTIAL SPEED LIMITS DO NOT WORK EITHER

7-19

WE SHOULD CLASSIFY OUR ROADS, SET SPEED LIMITS BY ROAD FUNCTION, AND ENFORCE VIGOROUSLY

Preferably there would be no exceptions for Geometric design problems Narrow bridges Land use

8-19WE SHOULD CLASSIFY OUR ROADS AND SET SPEED LIMITS BY FUNCTION (1-2)

We should consider Super highways* up to 110 km/h Flow roads, interurban 80 to 100 km/h Distributor roads through cities 50 to 80 km/h Residential access road 40 to 60 km/h

* Not included in World Report

9-19WE SHOULD CLASSIFY OUR ROADS AND SET SPEED LIMITS BY FUNCTION (2-2)

Super highways are access-controlled and pedestrians or cyclists should never be present*

Flow roads should have separate bike and pedestrian lanes

Distributor roads through cities have wide pedestrian and cycle facilities

Residential access roads should have ample sidewalks

* Not included in World Report

10-19SPEED HUMPS – EFFECTIVE SPEED CONTROL?

A properly designed and constructed speed hump will tend to reduce the speed of cars and trucks

Improperly designed and constructed speed bumps damage cars, buses, etc. They limit response time of firefighters.

Proper speed bumps become a play toy for motorcycles creating speed variations that are dangerous

“Speed Pillows” are being used in Chile with some success

11-19ROAD NETWORKS, SOME REFLECTIONS ON FUTURE ROADWAYS

Future roadways Require a modernization of standards Require a modernization of safety knowledge Even if we add 3 to 5% of new roads each year

After 10 years we still have 10,000 km of dangerous road infrastructure

If we continue to design with old standards we will have almost 17,000 km of dangerous roads which will be used by our great grandchildren

Growth Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 103% 10,000 10,300 10,609 10,927 11,255 11,593 11,941 12,299 12,668 13,0485% 10,000 10,600 11,236 11,910 12,625 13,382 14,185 15,036 15,938 16,895

12-19HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO MODERNIZE OUR STANDARDS?

Most of our countries allow large and very large roadside sign supports adjacent to the pavements

Most of our countries use 1960 roadside barrier standards These barriers may look good to the untrained eye But, these barriers are death traps

13-19ONE EASY SOLUTION FOR ROADSIDE BARRIERS Simply require that all barriers, barrier terminals, and crash

cushions be “Crash Tested” according to international standards That way we can stop making new drawings each time a new

product comes on the market

Containment Level

Tra

nsv

ers

e K

ineti

c En

erg

y (

kj)

N2

20º110km/h1,5 t

H1

15º70

km/h10 t

TL5

15º80

km/h36 t

TL4

15º80

km/h8 t

TL2

25º70

km/h2 t

H2

20º70

km/h13 t

H3

20º80

km/h16 t

N1

20º80

km/h1,5 t

H4a

20º65

km/h30 t

TL6

15º80

km/h36 t

H4b

20º65

km/h38 t

N2

EN 1317TL3

NCHRP 350

TL3

25º100km/h2 t

20º100km/h820 kg

20º100km/h0.9 t

20º70

km/h820 kg

15-19 AN EXAMPLE: CABLE BARRIERS

Tested to both EN and NCHRP standards 3.5 Km of median with cable barrier on each side, that is 7 km of

barrier Over 300 impacts in 5 years No fatalities and no serious injuries No median crossover accidents Various motorcycle impacts, one fatal but not caused by cables Only posts are replaced, original cables are still in use

16-19HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO MODERNIZE OUR STANDARDS?

Many of our drainage structures are deadly We keep with the same design standards and no

one knows why

17-19ROAD NETWORKS, SOME REFLECTIONS ON PRESENT ROADWAYS

Existing roadways Pavement enhancements

Speeds will increase Must be accompanied by

other safety elements Some roads may have to

wait

18-19 MAINTAINING OUR INVESTMENTS

Barriers that are not repaired can not be expected to save lives

Crash cushion repairs may be as little as 5% of the initial investment

Crash cushions that are not repaired can be very dangerous and will be destroyed with a second impact

19-19 THINGS THAT WE CAN DO RIGHT NOW

Make greater use of International Road Assessment Program (i-RAP) and Road Safety Audits to identify our needs.

Dedicate at least 10 to 20 % of our road budgets to: Train ministry and other professionals Upgrade the safety of existing roadways Maintain existing road safety infrastructure To conduct Research To modernize our standards

Each highway agency must have an ongoing program for timely striping and signing of roads

Promote modern road safety education at our universities Consider road safety throughout the design process and not

as an afterthought Ensure that road safety items will always be funded and not

deleted from projects because we ran out of money