1-23
IMPLEMENTING THE RECOMENDATIONS
OF THE WORLD BANK/WHO WORLD
REPORT IN IBERO-AMERICA
AND THE CARIBBEAN
2-19 THREE CRITICAL ELEMENTS TO CONSIDER
Speeds on our roadways Safer routes for Pedestrians, Cyclists, and Handicapped Crash protective roadsides
3-23 CAUSE OF ACCIDENTS
Human Factors (95%)
Vehicle (8%)2%
Roadway (29%)
3% 4%
24%
2%
65%
ALL ROADS ARE SAFE ATLOW SPEEDS
5-19ARBITRARILY LOW SPEED LIMITS DO NOT WORK
6-19DIFFERENTIAL SPEED LIMITS DO NOT WORK EITHER
7-19
WE SHOULD CLASSIFY OUR ROADS, SET SPEED LIMITS BY ROAD FUNCTION, AND ENFORCE VIGOROUSLY
Preferably there would be no exceptions for Geometric design problems Narrow bridges Land use
8-19WE SHOULD CLASSIFY OUR ROADS AND SET SPEED LIMITS BY FUNCTION (1-2)
We should consider Super highways* up to 110 km/h Flow roads, interurban 80 to 100 km/h Distributor roads through cities 50 to 80 km/h Residential access road 40 to 60 km/h
* Not included in World Report
9-19WE SHOULD CLASSIFY OUR ROADS AND SET SPEED LIMITS BY FUNCTION (2-2)
Super highways are access-controlled and pedestrians or cyclists should never be present*
Flow roads should have separate bike and pedestrian lanes
Distributor roads through cities have wide pedestrian and cycle facilities
Residential access roads should have ample sidewalks
* Not included in World Report
10-19SPEED HUMPS – EFFECTIVE SPEED CONTROL?
A properly designed and constructed speed hump will tend to reduce the speed of cars and trucks
Improperly designed and constructed speed bumps damage cars, buses, etc. They limit response time of firefighters.
Proper speed bumps become a play toy for motorcycles creating speed variations that are dangerous
“Speed Pillows” are being used in Chile with some success
11-19ROAD NETWORKS, SOME REFLECTIONS ON FUTURE ROADWAYS
Future roadways Require a modernization of standards Require a modernization of safety knowledge Even if we add 3 to 5% of new roads each year
After 10 years we still have 10,000 km of dangerous road infrastructure
If we continue to design with old standards we will have almost 17,000 km of dangerous roads which will be used by our great grandchildren
Growth Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 103% 10,000 10,300 10,609 10,927 11,255 11,593 11,941 12,299 12,668 13,0485% 10,000 10,600 11,236 11,910 12,625 13,382 14,185 15,036 15,938 16,895
12-19HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO MODERNIZE OUR STANDARDS?
Most of our countries allow large and very large roadside sign supports adjacent to the pavements
Most of our countries use 1960 roadside barrier standards These barriers may look good to the untrained eye But, these barriers are death traps
13-19ONE EASY SOLUTION FOR ROADSIDE BARRIERS Simply require that all barriers, barrier terminals, and crash
cushions be “Crash Tested” according to international standards That way we can stop making new drawings each time a new
product comes on the market
Containment Level
Tra
nsv
ers
e K
ineti
c En
erg
y (
kj)
N2
20º110km/h1,5 t
H1
15º70
km/h10 t
TL5
15º80
km/h36 t
TL4
15º80
km/h8 t
TL2
25º70
km/h2 t
H2
20º70
km/h13 t
H3
20º80
km/h16 t
N1
20º80
km/h1,5 t
H4a
20º65
km/h30 t
TL6
15º80
km/h36 t
H4b
20º65
km/h38 t
N2
EN 1317TL3
NCHRP 350
TL3
25º100km/h2 t
20º100km/h820 kg
20º100km/h0.9 t
20º70
km/h820 kg
15-19 AN EXAMPLE: CABLE BARRIERS
Tested to both EN and NCHRP standards 3.5 Km of median with cable barrier on each side, that is 7 km of
barrier Over 300 impacts in 5 years No fatalities and no serious injuries No median crossover accidents Various motorcycle impacts, one fatal but not caused by cables Only posts are replaced, original cables are still in use
16-19HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO MODERNIZE OUR STANDARDS?
Many of our drainage structures are deadly We keep with the same design standards and no
one knows why
17-19ROAD NETWORKS, SOME REFLECTIONS ON PRESENT ROADWAYS
Existing roadways Pavement enhancements
Speeds will increase Must be accompanied by
other safety elements Some roads may have to
wait
18-19 MAINTAINING OUR INVESTMENTS
Barriers that are not repaired can not be expected to save lives
Crash cushion repairs may be as little as 5% of the initial investment
Crash cushions that are not repaired can be very dangerous and will be destroyed with a second impact
19-19 THINGS THAT WE CAN DO RIGHT NOW
Make greater use of International Road Assessment Program (i-RAP) and Road Safety Audits to identify our needs.
Dedicate at least 10 to 20 % of our road budgets to: Train ministry and other professionals Upgrade the safety of existing roadways Maintain existing road safety infrastructure To conduct Research To modernize our standards
Each highway agency must have an ongoing program for timely striping and signing of roads
Promote modern road safety education at our universities Consider road safety throughout the design process and not
as an afterthought Ensure that road safety items will always be funded and not
deleted from projects because we ran out of money