sg12 l1 - rotating equipment (pumps)

ROTATING EQUIPMENT FUNDAMENTAL COURSE:: PUMPS ::

PUMPS

:: Pumps – Family Tree ::

PUMPS: Positive Displacement and Kinetic (Dynamic)

Kinetic(dynamic)

CentrifugalTurbine

Mixed Flow

Axial Flow

Pumps

PositiveDisplacement

Piston

Plunger

Diaphragm

Reciprocating

Rotary

GearLobe

Sliding vaneScrew

PUMP FAMILY TREE

ROTATING EQUIPMENT FUNDAMENTAL COURSE

:: Pumps ::

Reciprocating Piston Pumps

Outlet Stroke - piston reverses directionPressure rises, discharge valve opens.Liquid flows out to the discharge line.

Inlet Stroke - vacuum created in the cylinder.Suction valve opens.Liquid enters the cyclinder


:: Pumps ::

Reciprocating Plunger Pumps:- similar in many ways to piston pumps.

Same kind of drivers, valves other various mechanism.Plunger displaces the liquid in the cylinder vs. Piston


:: Pumps ::

Reciprocating Diaphragm Pumps

When pushed down, a high pressure is created.Suction valve closes, discharge valve opens. Liquid pushed out.

Low pressure is created underneath the diaphragm.Valve opens, liquid drawn in.


:: Pumps ::

Gear Pumps


:: Platform Equipment – Pumps ::

Lobe Pumps


2-Lobe Pump

:: Platform Equipment – Pumps ::

Sliding Vane Pumps


Double Suction Sliding Vane Pump

:: Pumps ::

Screw Pumps


Twin Screw Pump

:: Pumps ::

Liquid in the impeller thrown outwards by centrifugal force.

Low pressure created at the impeller eye, liquid sucked in.

Kinetic energy increased.

Liquid enters the volute and slows down. Kinetic energy converted to pressure.

Centrifugal Pumps – Converts energy from prime mover into kinetic energy in the impeller, reconverting it into pressure energy in a volute or diffuser.


:: Pumps - Centrifugal ::ROTATING EQUIPMENT FUNDAMENTAL COURSE

Impeller Design


Head-Flow Performance Curve

• Unique for each pump.

• Supplied by manufacturer for clear, cold water.

• Correction only necessary when fluid viscosity varies significantly from water.


Head

System Head Curve

System Head Curve with throttling

Capacity

Q1

Q2

Operating Point / Capacity - controlled by the intersection of the system head curve and the pump performance curve.


1. Total system static head

H = Elevation, Discharge to Suction (m).

S.G = Specific Gravity

Pd = Pressure In Discharge Tank. (bar)

Ps = Pressure In Suction Tank. (bar)

Total Static Head (m) = H + (Pd – Ps) x 10 S.G

2. System friction head

Head friction Head loss in the system caused

by fluid flow through piping, valves, fittings,etc

Head – Static & Friction (loss)Expressed in meter of liquid being pumped, comprised of static and friction head


Suction Lift – Static Head where the Pump is Located Above the Suction Tank.

Suction Head – Static Heads where the Pump is Located Below the Suction Tank.

Suction Head vs. Suction Lift


Pump A

Pump B

Parallel Operation

Pump A or B

Q2

Pump A and B

Hd

Q1

Pump A or B

Pump A and B

Q1

Q2

System Head Curve

• At same Head, Qtotal = Q1+Q1.• System head curve intersection -

Q doesn’t necessarily double.

System Head Curve

Pump A or B


Series Operation

A B

H

Capacity

Head

Pump A & B• At same Q, H total = H1+H1.• System head curve intersection -

H doesn’t necessarily double.


Basic Seal System – Packing vs. Mechanical seal

A. Packing B. Mechanical Seal


Mechanical Seal - advantages

1. Zero or limited leakage of product (meet emission regulations.)

2. Reduced friction and power loss.

3. Eliminate of shaft or sleeve wear.

4. Reduced maintenance costs.

5. High pressures and more corrosive environments.

6. The wide variety of designs allows use of mechanical seals in almost all pump applications.

Mechanical Seal

Thank YouThank YouAny Questions?Any Questions?

sg12 l1 - rotating equipment (pumps)

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