seven types of original input
TRANSCRIPT
Original Input AND HOW TO IDENTIFY YOR ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS
V1
Image courtesy of (en.wikipedia.org)
SEVEN TYPES OF
BEFORE YOU BEGIN
• Research or academic writing can be a combination of ideas from other sources and original ideas.
• You can use and combine ideas from other sources.
BEFORE YOU BEGIN
• Original input is your idea or contribution that is not copied from other sources.
• However, your ideas may not be original.
An original idea is...
An idea that comes from your own experience, observation, or feelings
An original idea is...
An idea that cannot be found in any source: book, website, etc.
An original idea is...
An idea that has never been done before
WHAT’S NOT ORIGINAL?• An idea may come from your
own experience, observation, or feelings.
• However, if that idea can be found in any source: book, website, etc., then it is not original.
WHAT’S NOT ORIGINAL?• If that idea has been done
before, then it’s not original.• It’s your responsibility to
avoid plagiarism: check if your idea is original or not.
REMEMBER....
• An original idea can be your own ideas only.
• An original idea can be your own ideas combined with other ideas.
Other Ways
• There are at least seven other ways to come up with original input.
• That’s the topic of this presentation.
Original Input AND HOW TO IDENTIFY YOR ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS
V1
Image courtesy of (en.wikipedia.org)
SEVEN TYPES OF
7 Types of Original Input1. An idea is used for the first time in a specific language or
combination of languages.2. An idea is used for the first time in a specific place, community,
or for a specific target group.3. An idea is used for the first time to meet a specific need or
solve a specific problem.4. An idea is used for the first time for a particular purpose or in a
particular context.5. An idea (or a part of an idea) is used for the first time together
with another idea (or a part of another idea).6. An idea or part of an idea is modified or changed to achieve
the same result.7. An idea or part of an idea is modified or changed to achieve a
different result.
Type 1
An idea is used for the first time in a specific language or combination of languages.
Identify your original input
“Although X has been used before in English (Author, YEAR), French (Author, YEAR) and in Spanish (Author, YEAR), in this proposal, it [will be / is] used for the first time in the Swahili language to....”
Type 2
An idea is used for the first time in a specific place, community, or for a specific target group.
Identify your original input
“Although X has been used before in England (Author, YEAR), France (Author, YEAR) and Spain (Author, YEAR), in this proposal, this concept [will be / is] used for the first time in West Africa to....”
Type 3
An idea is used for the first time to meet a specific need or solve a specific problem.
Identify your original input
“Although X has been used before to correct writing errors (Author, YEAR), in this proposal, this idea [will be / is] used for the first time to....”
Type 4
An idea is used for the first time for a particular purpose or in a particular context.
Identify your original input
“Although X has been used before to reduce malaria in refugee camps (Author, YEAR), in this proposal, this idea [will be / is] used for the first time to reduce malaria in an international boarding school.”
Type 5
An idea (or a part of an idea) is used for the first time together with another idea (or a part of another idea).
Identify your original input
“X has been used before to increase typing speed (Author, YEAR). However this paper proposes that the concept [will be / is] used for the first time in combination with Buddhist dietary practices.”
Type 6
An idea or part of an idea is modified or changed to achieve the same result.
Identify your original input
“X has been used before to fertilize sandy soil (Author, YEAR); however, in this paper, it [will be / is] used for the first time without its Y element.”
Type 7
An idea or part of an idea is modified or changed to achieve a different result.
Identify your original input
“Although X has been used before to control emotional pollution (Author, YEAR), this proposal is to use X for the first time, without its Y element, to increase water pressure.”
The key phrase is
“... for the first time...”But make sure that this is correct
before you use it in your proposal. Check, research, find out if it really is the first time.
One more time...
7 Types of Original Input1. An idea is used for the first time in a specific language
or combination of languages.2. An idea is used for the first time in a specific place,
community, or for a specific target group.3. An idea is used for the first time to meet a specific
need or solve a specific problem.4. An idea is used for the first time for a particular
purpose or in a particular context.5. An idea (or a part of an idea) is used for the first time
together with another idea (or a part of another idea).6. An idea or part of an idea is modified or changed to
achieve the same result.7. An idea or part of an idea is modified or changed to
achieve a different result.
Original Input AND HOW TO IDENTIFY YOR ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS
V1
Image courtesy of (en.wikipedia.org)
SEVEN TYPES OF