session 5 4 stuart ballingall austroads
TRANSCRIPT
Planning for Connected and Automated Vehicles
Stuart BallingallProgram Director - Cooperative & Automated Systems
ACMA, RadComms 201610 March 2016, Sydney
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Key policy driversSafety• Over 1,200 fatalities & 34k serious injuries p/a (source: BITRE)
• Estimated $27 billion cost to community (source: NRSS)
Mobility• Cost of congestion $13.7 billion in 2011, predicted to
reach $53 billion in 2031 if no action (source: Infrastructure Aust)
Sustainability• Road transport contributes ~14% of total GHG (source: CCA)
Connected VehiclesConnectivity using a range of wireless comms technologies: • Wide area radio broadcast (eg. analogue, DAB+)• Cellular (3G & 4G LTE today, 5G & LTE-Direct in future)• Dedicated Short Range Comms (eg. 5.9 GHz DSRC)• Wireless LAN (eg. WiFi) and Bluetooth• Satellite (eg. GNSS for absolute positioning, timing)
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TelematicsWide range of vehicle telematics services, including:• Infotainment & concierge services• Traveller information services• Regulated vehicle compliance• Diagnostics• Software & map updates
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Cooperative ITSEnables systems to work cooperatively together, through the use of wireless communications between:
• Vehicles • Infrastructure • Centres • Personal Devices
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Automated Crash Notification• Use vehicle sensors to determine crash severity &
the need for timely attendance of emergency services
• Automated (& manual) data message via cellular from vehicle to Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP)
• Regulation (EU) 2015/758 to mandate ‘eCall’ in all new light vehicles sold in Europe from April 2018
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Connected Automated Vehicles
Source: Various…
Levels of Automated Driving (SAE)
Source: International Transport Forum (ITF) representation of SAE J3016 automation levels
Vehicle SensorsRadar• Works in low light & poor
weather, but low resolution
Ultrasound• Limited to short distances, low
speed manoeuvres
Camera• Uses reflected light, so some
limitations when dark• Sees colour, so can be used to
read signs, signals, etc.
LIDAR• Uses emitted light, so darkness
not an issue• Some weather limitations So
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Satellite Positioning
Source: GPS World, GENEQ inc.
• Most C-ITS & AV deployments are using Satellite-Based Augmentation Systems (SBAS) for absolute positioning
• Australia does not have free access to an SBAS
• Opportunity exists to leverage multi-GNSS
Source: Dempster, A; Rizos, C..
Planning for CAV deploymentDept of Infrastructure & Regional Development (DIRD)• International vehicle standards (incl. UN WP29, IG-ITS/AD)• Review and update of Policy Framework for ITS in Australia
National Transport Commission (NTC)• Review of regulatory barriers to the introduction of AVs
Austroads• Operational framework to support C-ITS deployment• Road operations to support AV deployment• Vehicle Registration & Driver Licensing to support AVs
Jurisdictions• Several undertaking their own regulatory reviews & initiatives
Collaboration and consistency will be critical
