sensor-driven indoor localization with android #bcs2

Folie 1

@onlythoughtwork@drewenut

The city is indoorsbut location matters!

#bcs2: Sensor-driven indoor positioning

Motivation

Location is the important information
in Context Aware Computing.

Augmented reality

Internet of things

Today, location for outdoor environments is provided by the Global Positioning System (GPS).

However there is no appropriate solution for confined spaces yet.

But 20 million sensor powered handsets were sold in 2008.

And heavy passive RF-infrastructure in urban areas


Todays device sensors

RF Frequency

Wireless LAN

GSM

Bluetooth

GPS

(RFID)

Inertial Sensing

Accelerometer

Electric Compass

Gyroscope

Optical

Camera (QR Codes)


Quelle: market.android.com

Positioning System


Quelle: IEEE Communications Magazine Feb 2002, Indoor Geolocation Science and Technology

Marker Based Positioning

QR Codes

Scene analysis

Patterns on floors, walls

Benefits

High accuracy

Drawbacks

Static


Fingerprint Positioning

Collect all environmental RF information one can get:

WLAN

GSM

Bluetooth

Orientation via electric compass

Create a radio map for a set of marker points

Estimate user position by matching a RF sample with the radio map


Fingerprint Positioning (2)

Benefits

Robust

Passive (no infrastructure)

Long term fading

Positioning on site

Drawbacks

Lower accuracy

Training phase


Quelle: IEEE Communications Magazine Feb 2002, Indoor Geolocation Science and Technology

Triangulation via TOA

Benefits

High accuracy

No training required

Drawbacks

Multipath fading

Environmental infrastructure

CPU-intensive

Specialized hardware

Positioning on server


Multi-Path-Propagation


Inertial Positioning

Uses inertial sensors

Accelerometer

Gyroscope

Compass (Magnetic field)

Dead reckoning (DR)

Process of estimating one's current position based upon a previously determined position

Estimate position by speeds over elapsed time


Inertial Navigation Set (IRBM S3)


Quelle: wikipedia

6-axis Electronic Compass (G1)


Asahi Kasei Microsystems
(AKM) AK8976A Quelle: http://www.phonewreck.com/wiki/index.php?title=Image:T-mobile_g1_main_pcb_2.jpg

Positioning via WLAN

TOA based triangulation

Received signal strength (RSS) measuring

RSS values decrease with distance

Create a radio map with recording fingerprints for a set of locations


Positioning via GSM

RSS measuring

Connected cell

Neighboring cell

BCHH channel


Positioning via Bluetooth

RSS measurering

Enviroment landmarks


Positioning via Bluetooth (2)


Smart Space Framework

Sensor Fusion

WLAN

Bluetooth

GSM

Inertial sensors

QR-Codes

Touchscreen

Auto adaptive

Continous Learning

Open Source


Finite State Machine


Use Cases

Shopping center

Product search

CBR (Consumer Based Routing)

IBR (Interest Based Routing)

Museums

Family quiz, navitainment

Fairs

i.e. CEBIT

Car park, airport, subway, concert hall, sewerages

Emergency evacuation and guidance service

Fire, earthquake, terror attacks

Context Aware Applications

Call Routing

Light

Energy Saving














sensor-driven indoor localization with android #bcs2

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