Arguments based on TIME

Forensic—PAST

Answers questions like “What happened in the past?” These arguments rely on evidence and

testimony to recreate what can be known about events that have already occurred and events or

outcomes in the past that have set precedents for future action.

Deliberative—PRESENT

Answers questions like “What should be done in the future?” These types of arguments set policies for

the future. They often begin with the word, “Should.” In some cases laws are even created. An issue

about this type of argument, though, is that they can be seen as merely speculative and based on

guesses.

Epideictic—FUTURE

Answers questions like “What or who deserves the blame or praise for something?” These arguments

are usually about contemporary values and widely held beliefs or assumptions that are debated within

a society. They explore what is admirable and what is not in our contemporary culture.