sendingcynthia-091216021252-phpapp02.ppt

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Contents



Values

Values represent basic convictions that-

A specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence is personally or sociallypreferable to an opposite or converse modeof conduct or end-state of existence.

Value is a judgmental element of what isright, good, or desirable.



Importance of Values

1 2

Individuals enter

organizations with

notions of what isright and wrong

with which they

interpret

behaviors or

outcomes

3

Values generallyinfluence

attitudes and

behavior .

Values lay the

foundation for the

understanding of attitudes and

motivation

because they

influence our

perceptions.



Types of Values

Terminal

Values

VALUES

Instrumental

Values

Rokeach Value Survey…



Terminal Values

Desirable end-statesof existence; thegoals that a personwould like to achieve

during his or herlifetime.



Instrumental Values

Preferable modesof behavior ormeans of achievingone’s terminal

values.



Values Across Culture

Hofstede’s A framework for assessing cultures; five value dimensions

of national culture…

Power distance

Individualism versus collectivism

Quantity of life versus quality of life

Uncertainty avoidance

Long-term versus short-term orientation

A

B

C

D

E



Values Across Culture

GLOBE Framework for Assessing Cultures:

- Power distance

- Indiv idual ism /Col lect iv ism

- In-group co l lect iv ism

- Perform ance or ientat ion

- Humane or ientat ion

- Uncertain ly avo idance

- Assert iveness

- Futu re Orientation

- Gender differentiation



Attitude

Att i tude is defined as “alearned predisposition to respond

in a consistently favorable or

unfavorable manner with respect

to a given object.” That is,

attitudes affect behavior at a

different level than do values…



Attitude Components

Affective Component The emotional or feeling segment of an attitude.

Cognitive component The opinion or belief segment of an attitude.

Behavioral Component An intention to behave in a certain way toward someone orsomething.



Attitude Types

Most of the research in OB has been concerned with three

attitudes…

Job Involvement Identifying with the job, actively participating in it, andconsidering performance important to self-worth.

Organizational Commitment Identifying with a particular organization and its goals, andwishing to maintain membership in the organization.

Job Satisfaction A collection of positive and/or negative feelings that an individualholds toward his or her job.



Job satisfaction

Job satisfaction essentially reflects theextent to which an individual likes his or her job.Formally defined, job satisfaction is an affectiveor emotional response toward various facets of

one’s job…



Causes of Job Satisfaction

Causes

B

E

C

D

ANeedFulfillment

Discrepancies

ValueAttainment

Dispositional/

Genetic

Components

Equity

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