semester 2 review. what is the term for the areas of a nation wherein foreign nations control the...
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Semester 2 Review
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What is the term for the areas of a nation wherein foreign nations
control the resources?
Spheres of Influence
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Which Progressive Reform allows voters to remove an elected official
from office?
The Recall
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What event sparked the Spanish-American War?
The Sinking of the U.S.S. Maine
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Which African-American Progressive Reformer believed in combating racial injustice through direct confrontation?
W.E.B. DuBois
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Which President helped the Conservation Movement by doubling the number of national parks and wildlife reserves?
Teddy Roosevelt
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What declared that the United States could and would get involved in Latin
America if the U.S. felt it was necessary?
The Roosevelt Corollary (to the Monroe Doctrine)
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Which amendment allows voters to propose a new law by collecting
signatures on a petition?
The Initiative
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Which President wanted to give America a “Square Deal”?
Theodore Roosevelt
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What law was passed in order to break up monopolies and cause economic competition between corporations?
THE SHERMAN ANTI-TRUST ACT
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What word best describes politics during the Gilded Age and the
Progressive Era?
CORRUPT
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What law led to a reform of the sanitation practices of the food
industry?
THE PURE FOOD AND DRUG ACT
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What limited Cuba’s right to make treaties and allowed the United States
to intervene in Cuban affairs?
THE PLATT AMENDMENT (TO THE CUBAN CONSTITUTION)
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Where was the Spanish – American war primarily fought?
Cuba and the Philippines
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What territory did the United States annex primarily for the value of it’s
sugarcane plantations and it’s position as a coaling station?
HAWAII
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Using exaggerated, sensational, and often untrue stories to sell
newspapers is called what?
Yellow Journalism
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Which Amendment gave women the right to vote?
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What book, written by Alfred T. Mahan, argued that the United States needed a
strong navy to protect its interests?
THE INFLUENCE OF SEA POWER UPON HISTORY
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Under which economic system are the resources and means of production
owned and operated by the government ?
Socialism
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Which nation unknowingly helped Japan become a world power by opening it up
to new technologies and trade ?
The United States
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What is the term for the group of reformers who tried to improve society
and solve social problems using government intervention?
The Progressives
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What is the term for a nation’s policy of building an empire by founding
colonies or conquering other nations?
IMPERIALISM
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What territiories did the United States gain as a result of the
Spanish-American War
CUBA, THE PHILIPPINES, PUERTO RICO, AND GUAM
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Before the United States knew about the riches that Alaska possessed, what
negative name did Americans give the purchase of Alaska?
SEWARD’S FOLLY
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What is the term for powerful organizations that used both legal and illegal means to get their candidates
elected?
Political machines
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What construction project allowed the United States to become a
major world naval power?
The Panama Canal
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Foreign involvement in China caused angry Chinese citizens to
revolt during the _____________?
Boxer Rebellion
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What is the name of the proposal that all nations should have equal
access to trade with China?
THE OPEN DOOR POLICY
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What were the poorly built, overcrowded apartments where many immigrants lived called?
TENEMENTS
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What book, by Upton Sinclair, exposed unsanitary food manufacturing practices?
THE JUNGLE
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What stated that the United States had no interest in controlling
Cuba?
THE TELLER AMENDMENT
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Progressive Reformers who tried to restrict the consumption of alcoholic beverages were part of the ________
Movement.
TEMPERANCE
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Who did President Woodrow Wilson send into Mexico in an
attempt to capture Pancho Villa?
GENERAL JOHN J. PERSHING
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What is the term for journalists who exposed the problems and
corruption in society?
MUCKRAKERS
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What is the name of the aid organizations set up by immigrants
in order to help immigrants?
Benevolent Socities/Associations
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The regiment of volunteer soldiers led by Teddy Roosevelt during the Spanish-
American war was named what?
The Rough Riders
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Which economic system allows private businesses to run most industries and competition to determine the price of
goods and services?
CAPITALISM
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The foreign policy strategy of replacing military persuasion with economic
persuasion is known as what?
DOLLAR DIPLOMACY
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What is the term for a national policy of avoiding involvement in
the affairs of other countries
ISOLATIONISM
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Which African-American Progressive Reformer believed in combating racial
injustice by improving the educational and economic well-being of African-Americans?
BOOKER T. WASHINGTON
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What tragedy, in which 146 workers were killed in a fire, resulted in the passage of laws improving factory safety standards?
THE TRIANGLE SHIRTWAIST FIRE
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Which amendment banned the production, sale, and transportation of
alcoholic beverages?
18th Amendment
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Which Progressive reform allowed voters to directly approve or reject
a new law?
THE REFERENDUM
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Imperialism is sparked by the desire of nations to obtain what?
RAW MATERIALS
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Which Progressive Reformer is famous for his book How the Other Half Lives and also
for using photography to illustrate urban poverty?
JACOB RIIS
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What does nationalism mean?
Intense devotion to one’s own nation
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What was the spark that started WWI in Europe?
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
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Which of the following best describes
TRENCH WARFARE?
Defending a position by
occupying deep ditches
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Why did the German strategy, the SCHLEIFFEN plan fail?
The Germans underestimated Belgium and Russia.
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What finally brought the U.S. into World War I?
The discovery of the Zimmerman Telegram
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What was “U-Boat” warfare?
German submarines attacking both neutral AND military ships.
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What were victory gardens and why did Americans grow them?
Gardens planted by people at their homes so more food could go to the
soldiers on the frontlines.
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How did women personally participate in the war effort in
Europe?
They risked their lives working as nurses, ambulance drivers, etc.
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What was the purpose of the Espionage Act or the Sedition Act?
They were passed to keep Americans from saying negative things about the
war.
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What amendment did the Espionage Act and the Sedition Act
break?
1st Amendment – Freedom of Speech
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What is this called?
Propaganda
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Who was the commanding general of the American forces in World
War I?
General John J. Pershing
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What was the official name of the U.S. troops during World War I?
American Expeditionary Force
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What was Meatless Monday and Wheatless Wednesday?
Efforts by the government to encourage people to save food during the War
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Why did American troops make such a difference when they arrived
in Europe?
They were fresh and enthusiastic…and there were a lot of them!
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What were Liberty Bonds?
“Loans” from the people to help raise money for the Allied war effort in
Europe.
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What made Russia withdraw from the war?
The Bolshevik revolution caused instability in Russia.
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A system in which the government owns all public and private property
is called:
Communism
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Who was the one who came up with the idea for having a League
of Nations?
Woodrow Wilson
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Who was excluded from the League of Nations?
Germany
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Why didn’t many people accept Wilson’s 14 Point Peace Plan
They felt it should focus more on punishing Germany, not on trying to
prevent another war
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Why didn’t the U.S. Congress agree to sign the Treaty of
Versailles?
They didn’t want to have to join the League of Nations and be dragged into
another war.
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What was the war like when American soldiers arrived in 1918?
Fighting was at a STALEMATE
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Why do historians claim that the Treaty of Versailles helped cause
World War 2?
The punishments on Germany were just too harsh.
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Why were the Roaring 20’s called “Roaring”?
The attitude was optimistic and adventurous. People tested limits on stock market, dare-
devil stunts and with traditions.
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What did investors do when they panicked over falling prices in the stock market in October 1929?
Sold off all their stock, causing the market to crash.
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Does high debt and several loans make people MORE confident? Or
LESS confident?
Less! Afraid they wouldn’t be able to pay off their loans, it made them panic
even more when the stock market started falling.
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What was the economic downturn that lasted more than 10 years
called?
The Great Depression
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What does “buying on margin” mean when it comes to the stock
market?
Buying stocks on CREDIT.
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What happened when banks ran out of money?
The banking system collapsed, which caused a crisis in
business as well.
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Who did Hoover believe should lead the relief effort?
Private individuals and institutions; not the government.
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Demonstrate a “Hoover Flag”
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We know that banking policies were “unsound” which helped cause the Great Depression. What does “unsound” mean?
Faulty, foolish or unsafe.
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The Emergency Banking Act allowed shut down all banks, and
then allowed which banks to reopen?
Only healthy ones.
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Why did some people criticize the New Deal?
They felt it gave the president too much authority and power
over the people.
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Which group of people suffered most from the Dust
Bowl?
Farmers
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The Civilian Conservation Corps hired men to do
what?
Plant trees and work on federal forests projects.
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The program that corrected the abuses in the Stock
Market was:
The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
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The Work Projects Administration (WPA) hired
writers to do what?
Interview Americans in order to keep a record of the Great
Depression .
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The Social Security Act provides money for who?
The elderly (retirees) and people living in poverty.
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Who gets taxed in order to pay for Social Security?
Employees from their paychecks and Employers
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How did Roosevelt reach out to the people to convince them banks were safe to invest in
again?
Fireside Chats over the radio
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Ultimately, what caused the end of the Great Depression?
The U.S. entrance into World War 2.