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AR; ITAR - EKTORTION,

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MXICAN MAFIA, akaEME

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O0: Sacramento / I %/////SC 183-73 I//�

Bureau Enc. 2! _Los Angeles Enc. 2! ATTN: Supv.[:::::::::]San Francisco Enc. 2! ,

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Enclosed to the Bureau and receiving officesare two copies each of an article appearing in the FresnoBee newspaper of 3/ll/77 which synopsizes the currentproblem of the Mexican Mafia and the Nuestra Familia inthe State of California. .

For the information of the Bureau and receivingoffices, Sacramento is instituting investigation of thecaptioned organizations and individuals, based on theenclosed newspaper article and the following information.

In recent years, there has been an increase inviolence and criminal activity on the part of the captionedorganizations, which had their origins within the CaliforniaPrison System. These groups have now spread to the civilianpopulation outside the prison system and have evidenced ahigh degree of organization. Recent informant informationobtained by state and local authorities indicates wellorganized criminal activity is planned and perpetrated bythese groups. Documents seized during local arrests ofNuestra Familia NF! members discuss in succinct form the

intended criminal activity to be undertaken to finance thegangfs operations in the areas of prostitution, narcotics,robbery and extortion.

Some examples of criminal activity undertaken bythese gangs in the recent past, in the areas of E81jurisdiction, are as follows:

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I |Cali£ornia Departmentof Corrections, ree , acramento, California,has advised that he has been following the progress ofthe NF and the MM for the past four years. He advised b7Cthese two organizations have increased their membership b7Ddramatically and may have as many as 300 to 400 members .r

~~»�����-in~the~$tate~ f cali�orniaT-He-stated-all of-the~prison___b�F92gang organizations are i in murder, extortion,narcotics and robberies. as been in recent contact �with the state authorities in exas, New Mexico and Arizonawho have acknowledged existence of captioned organizations �

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in their respective states. As several of the members ofcaptioned organizations have been convicted of federalviolations and are now serving sentences in federalinstitutions, recruiting for these organizations willundoubtedly be conducted within the Federal Prison Systemand in all probability will further the organizations�geographical influence.| I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I l

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groups have become, and are rapidly becoming more so, amajor crime problem in specific geographic areas withinthe State of California and to the state as a whole. It

appears an excellent opportunity for the FBI to make a~ concerted effort to make a significant contribution in a

» the areas of major crime problems involving these.organizations. 4

Q The primary-initial thrust will concern thealleged extortion of businesses and development of .informants. If, at the end of a 90-day period, orearlier as determined by investigation, it is establishedthere are no prosecutable violations, a closing reportwill be submitted.

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-__-__..._._.~._._.-..-..._--...__¢-.---_.?�-._�_._...._,__._>__...,._-.-.-.-.__.--_-~-...___.- �. 1�TO. DIRECTOR, FBI Pnb;:"j;?& O�. ..

mom� SAC, sm FRANCISCO �83-161! P! i"§?:§§T.°;Z°s§?,

Spec. Inv,_____,__ 1"Ieeh.-Sene- � -

RE: .@LA NUESTRA ramxmn, akauestra Familia , L1! L

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Mexican�American inmates at San Quentin Prison, Ca1i{i{ ;.began forming La Nuestra Familia NF! as a prison gang during i at1966-1967, for protection against another prison gan,

5 2» the Mexican Mafia. During 1971, a constitution was Xy drawn up setting out the structure and laws of NF. There are

1"�-&#39; approximately 400-500 members of NF in prisons and on the :

___ &#39; __&#39;1st;:_ee_ts_&#39;_&#39;....of California at the present time. .-- ..__. .. . by:

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; The structure of the NF as set out in theirM J constitution is headed by a General, under which are ten

* �0! Captains, under which are unlimited Lieutenants, andunder which are soldiers. Rank is obtained by being _a good soldier and making a certain number of "hits" murders!

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L9, Bureau &#39;3?� AUG i�? 19?? *-- Sacramento �83�73! Info.! ,:_____..,, _ &_

Los Angeles 92�s4s5! Info.! _San Diego Infq.!

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Several of the entries have been covered over by markingsin an attempt to obliterate the original notation. Recoveryof these entries would be of assistance both in local and

RBQQEST °1�e,,Tami, B�sReE!92!1=

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Bureau investigations. . KgThe Document Section is requested to examine

all pages of the enclosed notebook in an attempt to ~retrieve original notations made prior to apparentobliteration. -

The Bureau is requested to return enclosedevidence to Sacramento Division upon completion of examination.

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The constitution of the NF sets up a system ofbanks for handling money obtained from illegal operations. Theillegal money is to be funneled into le al enter rises.

NF me ers ave

engaged in murders, se ing 0 i ega rugs, prostitutionand robberies. There have be t 20 murderslinked to NF in th

The following are the "regiments" of NF in thestreets" of California:

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Los Angeles and Sacramento have active investigationsof NF. Investigation continuing in San Francisco to developa RICO violation.

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UNlTED ATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTFEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION &#39;-

Cowlm 1 - Strike Force, San Francisco

Report .1, _ om». szm Fmmcisco, ca. &#39;0..., 11 1 77 117%

FMdOma�h#: 183-167 NmwFm#»

T�lez LA NUESTRA FAMILIAI .

q......... RACKETEER INFLUENCED AND coRRu15&#39;1&#39; ORGANIZATIONS

Swwmm La Nuestra Familia NF! was formed in 1968 of Mexican-American inmates and is a California prison based-gang of

&#39;200 to 400 operating in the prisons and on the streets ofCalifornia. NF has a written Constitution and By-Lawssetting up banks for illegal money to be put in to legalenterprises. The NF is headed by a general and has captains,lieutenants, and soldiers. Rank is obtained by killingenemies of the NF. Three kills are necessary to be a ~lieutenant, unless you kill one of top ten enemies of NFand then only one kill necessary. NF charging prostitutesto work in Fresno, CA. Alleged the NF attempting to extortmoney from legal businesses. NF document gives instructionson-using children for illegal activities. NF members allegedto be involved in over fifty �0! homicides since 1975.MEMBERS? on THE NEg__HA&#39;V_E BEEN.~KNOWN 1110 ENGAGE In vxonsm.AC_&#39;1�Si* SO MEMEERS OF THE NF SHOULD BE CONSIDERED ARMEU END &#39;5ANGEROUS. i W 7 i if &#39; I . it W

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&#39; U. S. GOVDINIQT PIIIUTIRG OFFICE : "10 O ~ GM-IN

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I. PREDICATION

-on February 23. 19v1,|i,_l1n1=~i==111-tgence, Santa Clara County Sheriff&#39;s Office SCCSO , San Jose,Ca1if., advised that the La Nuestra Familia NF! is aprison based gang which is effective within and without the .prison system of California. The center of the NF members� lactivities, who are out of prison, is the San Jose, Calif., biCarea. Members of the NF engage in the selling of illegal b7Ddrugs, gun running, extortion, prostitution, and robberies. b7FRobberies and the selling of illegal drugs are the chief g� F �n the San Jose area. I

II. HISTORY or

, LA NUESTRA .

On December 18, l973, a U.S. Government House

report No. 93-738, Pages 80-81, 93rd Congress, First Session,by the Committee on Internal Security, House of Representatives,entitled "Revolutionary Target: The American Penal System" .contained the following information: M , .

NUESTRA FAMILIA OUR FAMILY!

Nuestra Familia consists of a group of MexicansAmerican inmates who are predominantly from the valley areasof California. It was formed in 1968 by a group of MexicanAmericans who banded together for protection against the -&#39;Mexican Mafia. Members of Nuestra Familia have been involvedin the narcotics traffic and are presently at war with theMexican Mafia which resents the encroachment of Nuestra

Familia on its narcotics territory.

Nuestra Familia has about 200 members within the

California prison system. Unlike the Mexican Mafia, NuestraFamilia has no formal connections on the outside. .However,it recently formed an alliance with the Black GuerrillaFamily and has received assistance from that inmate group in�its battle with the Mexican Mafia over drug�related matters.

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SF 183-167

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The primary objective of Nuestra Familia, as notedin its constitution and bylaws, is ...for the betterment of-members and the building up of the organization on the out-side into a strong and self-supporting family." It was alsostated, "All members will work solely for that objective andwill put all personal goals and ieelings aside until saidfulfillment is accomplished." Another section of the bylawsstated that Nuestra Familia&#39;s general will maintain a listof l0 enemies of Nuestra Familia and any Nuestra Familiamember who kills one of these enemies will automatically Vbecome a lieutenant in the organization.

on January 31,1914, the 1914 Report to the California &#39;Senate by the Subcommittee on Civil Disorder, Page 12, con-tained the following information: &#39;~ .&#39;

The Nuestra Familia, or New Family, is the secondmost populous and powerful organization in the prison systemFormed originally by Central valley and farming area MexicanAmericans as protection against the Mexican Mafia M!, theNuestra Familia NF! has become an entity in itself, andnow competes with the MM for control of illegal activities,narcotics and in plain violence. They operate under formalby�laws and become members for life. Any attempt to leave _the group results in death, as does failure to carry out acommand from the group&#39;s general or captains.

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&#39; ded at Soledad Prison, Ca1i£.,.in 196 as a Latino Culture organization.

� � � b7CThe obj 4 as time passed to exploitingand pressuring other inmates for canteen privileges and &#39;homosexual acts. They also sold protection to other inmateswho were being pressured by members of the Mexican Mafia.

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_XI; INvESTIGATION_§I_FR§SNO; CALIFORNIA

The following tattoos and emblems utilized by the .&#39;NF are as follows:

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Reprinted below and on the taxlowzng pipe are cmuiems wnzcn werenoted within the inmate population by California prison authorities.1hey include representations of the major prison gangs as well as .terrorist and extremist organizations. Law enforcement agencies should�he alert to these various emblems and insignia as a means of identifying &#39;suspected members and gang associates. These items are also found onJctterhcads and other paraphernalia used by prison inmates. - -

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�MEXICAN MAFIA� VS. �NUESTRA FAMILIA�

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Controill Of SJ. Crime W*fMayfSpar,1LclGang f

ofggljged gang; 1;; Q93.-._.arerclse." For the past three�D. Iomia&#39;s prisons are locked inif a death struggle for control* of the prisons and crime in

the street. So pervasive hastheir influence become thatone veteran prison officialcommented, �We have aboutas much control over the

,placcas thoeonssiiowus to

&#39; Oopyrlght, 1975�I The San Jlm� mt-mm i

1 Two prison-spawned stregangs are turning Caliiorni ainto a_ battlefield in an all-owar. state law enforcement offi-cials warn.

Part oi the spoils is a �ourish-ing $8 million-a-month narcoticstrade that supplies the San Josearea&#39;s.~4.70|l heroin addicts.

Lawn-ten are concerned by re-ports that �Mexican Malia""soldiers" -have been movinginto the San Jose area in recent

months, apparently preparingfor a power grab.

The Mafia members -� most-ly ex-convicts from the East LosAngelos area -� plan to chal-lenge their gang&#39;s chief rival,�Nuestra Fatnilia" �Our Fami-ly� in Spanish! tor control oiSan Jose&#39;s street crime. an ex-

pert on prison gangs revealed.The $50-member �Nuestra

Famiiia� NF! controls much 0!the street crime in San Jose andNorthern California.

And, a document obtained byT�

months, Mercury reporters� -,Armando Aeuna, Bil! Ro- hmano and Bob Weaver haveprobed deep into this under-world and the threat It em-bodies for San Jose �and oth-er major California cities.This series of articles is theresult of their investigation.

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a team of Mercury reporteigoutlines the gang�: plans to ct�. &#39;pand its operations into a stacritnenetwork.

The document. written in pris-on- by the top brass of the NF,outlines the gang&#39;s secret plansto set up regiments in Californiacities. complete with their ownbanks. - .

The gang&#39;s "soldiers" wo idbe expected to raise money brthe banks by holdups. burg "a-ries. sales of narcotics andcriminal action. _

The NF blueprint also calls

*9� "�°"°Y *0 _be pumped into le-§itimate_bus_messes to provideS0ld_i.ers with a �semi-retire

ment program,

The Mercury newsmen alsosaw a_ Q0}?! Of I-he �NuestraFamilies execution list. Itcalls for the deaths of 89 gangdefectors in and out �of prison,

Bill the NF�; pm-39 bf "8 O ,nwarriors may be slowed a bit gy

p "I the. Mexican Mafia�s" a¢qt;_A heavy number of Maxi-

can! Malia members have been

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B LE INSIGNIA? -- This is prison-spawnéd gangs reporléibth �coat oi &#39;arms_" of the ly seeking control of strcgl�mlestra Famine,� one of two crime in San Jose. .

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moving into the area," a gang@3991�! Said. �When people likethat start moving in, it canmea only one thing - war,"

Org; of the most recentclams between the two gangs00¢ ed on Oct. 9 in Bakers-field. An assassination team .._$"$P9¢ted to be from the �Mexi-can Mafia" � "executed" a re-puted NF� member and hisyounger brother. "

Two men and a woman held26-year-old Danny Reyes andhis girliriend captive in hishome. The assassinswaited un-til Danny�: brother. Ronaldfteges, 32. arrived seven hoursa r.

The brothers were handcuffedand tied with ropes. The girlwas tied to a bed.

Both men were stabbed re-Iedly and the youn hr th-ma shot five timesgslrhe gain-friztd was not harmed.Wyers representing the sus-

pects in the killings have talkedthe judge into closing hearingsin the case. fearing for the de-fendants� lives

In San Jose, police suspectthere has been at least -one83113-related killing and a num-ber oi stabbings._

�e body of ayoung man �an neatly the victim of a gangexemition - was found in an or-cha in the eastern foothills.

And. in Santa Clara CountyJail. there has been a markedincrease in stabbing cases. Ex-perts say some of these areprobably gang-related.

Tipped oil to the potentiallf�llble. San Jose police saythey feel they&#39;ll be able to keeptlllle lid on gang violence in thec y.

They say NF members havetold them about the Mafia mov-$3 into the area, but until nowf e have not been con-

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"The existence oi prisongangs is 8"T8!t&#39;."&#39;Capt. LarryStuefloten said. �Many of thesepeople are coming out. It is nat-ural to assume they are notgoing to abandon their personalgang friendships and loyaltiesonce they�:-e on the street."

Still. San Jose police don�t ex-pect a shooting war here in thenear future. Their observationon this point, however. is atodds with that of a number ofstate prison gang experts.

And, Capt. Stueflotcn con-cedes the gangs are "definitelysomething law enforcement hasto reckon with."

One area of concern is the SanJose drug scene. A narcotics oilficer revealed that a study ofdope usage reveals approxi-mately 4.7.00 heroin addicts inthe area. The average junkieuses $60 worth of heroin � "H"or �smack� -- each day.

�The NF isn&#39;t strong outsideprison," he said. "They needmoney to get their thing togeth-er."

But. the vast narcotics markethere may offer them a temptingbusiness opportunity.

Until recently, lawman didn&#39;tknow how big �Nuestra Fami-lia� was on the outside.

&#39; But today, they estimate �con-servatively" that San Jose ishome-base for 80 to 40 hard-core NF members.

The �Nuestra Familia" mem-bers ~� they have titles thatrange from �soldado" or soldierto captain or �padre� -� arecalled �iarmers" by the �Mexi-can Mafia."

Both organisations are pre-dominantly Mexican-Americanin membership.

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The NF wasiormed .in 1966inside the walls oi a state pris-on. lts original aim was to pro-vide the "farmers." the O na-nos who came from San g .Gilroy, Watsonville, _ andthe San Joaquin Valley. &#39;8-defense against harassment bythe .�i92/lexican Malia." -

For a time there was an un-easy peace between the two Chi-cano groups within the prisons.But. then. in 1968, violenceflared and the gangs declaredwar on each other.

Although the war has beenbioody_ -� complete with itsMafia-style "contract" killings� it has stayed within pris-on system.

Outside the detentio facili-

ties. the �Mexican a!ia&#39;-"seemed content to contmlmostof the street crime in tl_ie"pr_e-dominantly Chicano East hosAngeles area. _ &#39; .

But then something happenedto the "Mexican Mafia." -

�The �Mexican Mafia� metwith leaders oi �Cass Nostra� the Sicilian Mafia! and toldthem they plannsd to take overthe state&#39;s narcotics tradeg" oneof the state�s top au onthe prison gangs, said. &#39;-

"They told the �Cos: oetra&#39;leaders they knew there 18�Cosa Nostra&#39; people in prison inCalifornia,� he continued. �Theytold the &#39;Cosa Nostra&#39; if theMexican group met with any re-sistance in its plans for a state-wide narcotics -empire, the 15would be executed in prison.�

The result? _�The �Cosa Nostra� apparently

backed down. &#39;l�he�y�veM�enstarted using �Mexican _ia�members to do their dirty brk� as bit men murder-for

specialists! and errand boys.�

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That�: because Soledad is rec~ The lawman qggg mg �Mexi-vsmed °?"m*?T198dq"BP!¢P5¥1i-�-oantMaiia" didn&#39;t have the n-th NF. The "Mexican Mafia,�m urban in its membership.ha spread into Washingtoneta ,&#39; Arizona. New Mexico,Michigan and even New YorkState. _

Authorities hesitate to guessat its total membership, but"conservative" estimates of theMn�a&#39;s membership in Califor-nia top 1.000. Sometimes knownas "Ema," pronounced �Em-ay &#39; it holds control of San

mtin and Folsom.

e Eme" and NF considerChino and San Luis Oblspo askind of neutral territory. Bothorganizations have issued ordersfor their prison soldiers to killmembers of their opposition onsight. a move that has led prisonan orities to try to avoid es~

, s gang member to an in-sti tion controlled by a rival.

&#39; t&#39;s tough to do," one prisonoi�ciei said. "You have to cate-gorizes man as a possible Fam-ily or Malia member. If you ca~tegorlze him wrong. you aresending him to his death.�

Since both organizations havepatterned themselves after the"Cosa Nostre." that death will 1be k�lins by-B sens member "who" been ordered to murderthe &#39; mer. &#39; _

If gang member uses tocarry out his a L lead-ers �put out a contract" for hislite and have him killed.

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nesse oi the older �Cons Nd!-tra.� but �it makes up tor e ylack oi sophistication with b

tality. They&#39;re a cold-bio°t.llLawmen feel the apparent

victory over the Mafia has giv-en the gang an expansionistmood and that&#39;s why they arelooking to the San Jose area fornew territory.

Con�ict ls not new betweenthe two groups.

In 1966, "Nuestra&#39; Fami "

was formed during a meeting tPalm Hall at the California ~stitution for Men at Chino.

Since then, there have beenstabbings, eiiecntions and oneincident in November of 1968 inwhich soldiers oi the two rivalgangs clashed in an all-out bat-tle inside San Quentin. Seven-teen ccnvicis were hospitalized.

During a two-year period. 5&#39;!persons were murdered and 00stabbed in prison. This y to late, there have been nineings and 22 stabbings at ainstitution.

That prison, Deuel VocationalImtitution, is one of the prisonsthat correctional officials admitis" controlled by �Nucstra Fem»lia,{� smaller of the two Chicano8398* - 5

State Senate investigatorshave identified the top man. or�Nuestro General," oi the NF asRobert Baho! Sosa. an ex-con»vict who lives in San Diego.

. -Although the NF constitution

- a handwritten document thatwas smuggled from prison toprison - says the gang shall beheaded by someone in prispn.lawmen believe Sosa has.re-

tained control. If the const;it]u-tion were folio ed. the ma eoi authnrlt�aonlri restuon�Death Row� Joe Gonzales.__aSoledad inmate.

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{Weapons Cache

A tour-month search tor an elu-sive cache oi weapons - edWednesday when San Jos lice

uhzlagzveredasmallane lintheyard of an East home.£i�he arms and nnition be

131566 to th 5 Familiai F!. ti Prison-h stree gang,according to police.

�We knew they had guns some-where hut they were continuallymoving the cache," said an oiiicer.�We think we have the bulk oftheir long guns now.� V

The stash, consisting oi 10. shot-�uns and rifles and 100 rounds oiassorted shells andphullets, were�found buried behind a house at3228 Blue Mountain igrive.

Unearthed HereThe ground had been dug up in

the entire yard and the dirt rain eover to disguise the hiding placereported Officer Robert Jones

At least two oi the guns we -confirmed as "stolen." taken inresidential break-ins here and inSanta Clara, he added.

The weapons were wrapped inblankets and packed in a woodenbox.

Arrested n suspicion oi -siorot s en property -iel Ra and Arthur�

c NF mem e . ato e Blue �Mountain Drive ad-dress.

Neither offered any resistance.�They were quite cooperative,"Jones said. Eight piainclothesmenand uniiorrned officers partlcipa -ed in th early-morning raid.�

it Nuestra Famiiia Our Famli lJ is a statewide gang operatingand out of caxuwmrs pm:

§tutiom. believed responsible for anumber of robberies, burglariesand other crimes. It is comprisedexcllmively of convicts and ex-con~victs.. 8an Jose police began investi-

gating NF activity here last railheading to numerous arrests o�uspected gang members. Tia

weapons seizures and arres�Wednesday were part of the con~�rming crackdown.

The NF has reportedly beenforming a Mafia~like organizationin this and other California citiesto control prison. narcotics trafficand other prison activitiesthroughout the state system .

in addition to his hooking atCounty Jail on weapons charges.

plieyes was placed under a parolei hold. He was dbchargedfrom pris-4on last summer. authorities reel*90I&#39;l- -�i

Police suspect the recovered;weapons were to be used in crimesor in con�ici$�wit~h-rival gangs.

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5 Continues -A general lockup of all

2800 San Quentin prisoninmates continued for the

second day yesterday.following four stabbingsFriday and_ Saturday.

There have been 46 stab-bings at the Marin countyinstitution this year. Prison-er Patrick Duran, 28. �"1cg a Euve-year term forage�;theft. died Saturday in thatmost. serious incident. t

Two other prisoners werereported in �good conditiona the prison hospital yester-d _, �while a third stabbedSi urr! ay refused treatment;JL Prion officials believe the

violence is caused by a pow-er struggle between t

Mexican American priszltgangs. "

The two groups are ealtNuestra Familia or OurFamilia. and the MexicanMalta. which has no relation-ship with the infamous Sici-lian group. officials said.

Prison authorities arequestioning 14 inmate: aboutthe four stabbings. Threesta_bbings reported _earli &#39;las: week apparently we!�not connected to the feud -tw en the rival gangs. anpl�i-,0!! oiiicials are still puz-ztcd by these earlier as-mulls.

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."6ur Most Serious�

Problem--� sThe bloody prison war between the Mexican

Ma�a and Nuestrs Familla "is one of our most seri-ous problems.� says Raymond Procunter. director ofthe Department of Corrections. . -

With more than 50 inmates dead and over 500injured in behind ~ the- bars violence in&#39;92he past riveyears. Procnnier defends the inde�nite lock-up ofgang leaders as the only preventive measure left toprison officials.

�We cannot tolerate the level of violence we hadlast year." he said, referring to the deaths of 35inmates and the injury otmore thanm�in M2.

E �We have toughened secu�ty and the fatal vi{once is down this year.� ~t invariably, such measures as 24 hour solitaiconfinernent for gang leaders with longer terms or�fewer paroles has led to charges of repression byprison reform groups.

�&#39;i�he act of locking somebody up is certainlyrepressive." admits a spokesman for Procunier.�But that doesn&#39;t take into consideration the factthat these men are convicted criminals and theyhave to be locked up for the pmtection, of the in-mates-svho don �t participate in gang activitiom"--1. _ . . . . .

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Prisoner TmBy Tim Findley

Authorities a t SanQuentin and Folsom pris-ons were beginning. a"classi�cation" proceduyesterday to determinethe gang war roles of 40inmates moved out at So-l dad prison over the

geekend..;The 40 were all sent out ofoledad after an incident

during n prison movie Fri-day in which three initiates

were stabbed,

A none fatally.Twenty-

three of the40 were sentto San Quen-tin and 17

wont to Folsom. Authoritiesat Soiedad said all 40 weresuspected of being membersof either the �Mexican Ma-li " or Nuestra Fa-rnllla

iqew l<�amilyl_-rival Span-is i surname prisoner groupsinlal. have been involved ina" blood fend for more than3 year.

KILLINGS

Prison authorities say -19killings in I972 alone wereattrilzmtnble to the prisont92&#39;urlal&#39;t&#39;. &#39;

Prisoner support groups.however. have suggestedthat" authorities are over-rencting and rounding upinmates considered undesir-able ior a variety oi reasonsfrom writing to actual gang

leirulership.l&#39;l�he �war� between the

lliaiia and the Family. crit-i.s contend. is being used asan excuse for a tougher at-titude in general oi prisonauthorities.

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j�ehind the-Soledutdmoved from Soledad � on�bus therapy" as it istermed in prison -was rep-resentative oi at least onemajor new trend in Califor-nia prisons. a trend that inthe last year has seen theprison system shift from asteadily declining populationto one that is rapidly in-

lt is particularly apparentat San Quentin. where last

�ci3&#39;unir$ast week was 20.054� more than 1200 higherthan the prison system itselfhad anticipated for this timethis year.

Prison authorities. reluc-tant -to be quoted, butr -

nizing the trend themaeijg.say the rising inmate pgfnoIation is not attributabl y to

�n iers

ments. "

Rather. there seem to betwo major reasons - first.

c,.easing_ an increase in court commit-year. a modern low of 1426prisoners were housed. �fo-day. that number is up to2108. and many of them areseen a s "troublemakers"sent to San Quentin for seen-&#39;

Just a year ago. the stateprison system was beingtouted for its apparently lib-lerat trend in potting moreinmates out on the streetsooner and in leaning awayfrom old bastions at correc-tions such as San Quentin.

But that has changed. andrather dramatically. Sixyears ago. at the start of a

corrections. the state prisonpopulation stood at an all-,time high of some 29.000

imen.i Largely because ota morerelaxed altitude by the AdnlAuthority in giving men pa-roles and a general. ifvague, policy toward givinginmates an earlier break.the inmate population began

,to decline.

i By last year, it was downto fewer than 19.000 �- amodern low - and the talk

was of closing many prisoin the state. Some, partieiariy Illlnimtlm camp fact -ties. were closed. ,

��liberal" trend in California

an increase in parole viola-tions and. secondly. anewer�get tough" attitude by theAdult Authority.

If the prison populationkeeps rising and is part ofanew more rigid philosophyin state corrections. it couldhave some implications forsome -oi the state&#39;s mostelaborate plans. &#39; ,;

San Quentin. tor examplit.is still technically due to lieclosed in June of £975 and hereplaced by one oi two600-man maximum-securityprisons to be built in thestate.

Only modest planning hasso far been done on thosetwo new institutions, howev-er. So. given the rise oi theinmate population, the feasi-bility oi actually closing SanQuentin in 1975 lsin&#39;du1liIt?"&#39;-

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SoledadFeud: 1600}isolated� l

Soodll N TM Bill�l�lf .

SOLEDAD -- About ha]!of Soledad Prlson-�s 2300 in-mates remained locked uptoday In the wake olan cub-lsreak of stabblngsandbeat-mg: stemming from a feudbetween rival tnmategangs.

Forty Meadcan-AmericanInmates were transferredout of Soledad late y -

. Sanquentlnrecelvedthe men. The rest want

-hes state prison facilities. &#39;- Some 1100 menintihe

on�s central section relocked up after the vio eabroke out during a m e�Friday.

One CriticalQne inmate. Gerald -

mos. 25. rm for

lrivotnntary. manslaugater mu Los Angeles, remained

lira critical� conditionhyesteby at B prison ospltalwith two� wounds in thocheat. -

, an laverto tl1eMo

di trlctattox-ney�ssat the stabbings ags temmed fromcon-

tio of a feud betweecano call

cana 1 - ur

Falnlljl� ��§<�---Power Struggle

"A power struggle is goingon between the two groups,"Curtis said. He said the feud

nds throughout the Staprison system.1 Prison officials blamed

Jounters between thegangs for I8 of 35 prison-slayings iq,..Ca.lit�ng;nia last_year.

164

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1,� yr 3 -�-�- F&#39;amilla.� noted lh§-inves§l- 1 gator. Nuestra Familla. i&#39; � �Our Family as lttranoiat �-

F Q Bloody Chicano e

War in Prisons

1

y.=r¢*.+92 92" "y 3 3 .�_� . .- , "--.,-,,;_4

tI

is the other major Chicagang struggling for supre -acy within the prison sy -

tent.Roberto Medina is locked

l

By Robert Hollis �

San Quentin guards found Edward Saiino Lopez� multi~latotl hotly beneath a pile of bloody towels i WWroom ol the prison gynasium

&#39; Death was attributed to amassive stunt fracture al-t! ugh he could have as eas-ily? died min the tour deepkliife ironnds in his upperi�lt hack.

Around his neck was a1:;trmto- like instrument tkeep the 30 §&#39;0�l�.092tl robbeii out crying out.

�Nothing Unusual�

About 50 inmates wereinthe gymnasium at the time.

None reported seeing any-thing unusual.

The May 29 killing of Lo-pez was the first inmatelh of the year at Santjtide.

entin. although not the_t&#39;st convict death state-

Lopez was a �brother� inthe "Mexican Malia," ac~cording to Lee Deliord. then 1the prison intorntation ot�-�

mation oi�cer De-partment ol m

Annihilation

�They&#39;ll keep stickineach other until one siwipes out the other." said aMission District Chicano ex-convict who sgent two yearsat San Quentin. &#39; .. In early August. JohnMedina Jr.. a 43 year oIns Angeles parole viola ,was attacked in broad da -

light in the center ofthoQuentin main exercise yard.

Seconds later, Medina layon the hot tarmac with fourdeep slashes close to vital

-organs in his neck andchest. For two days he laynear death in the prison hos-

�el .. .Prison nnormation officer

Bill Nvherg termed the Me-CBT. LOPQZ, brllt�l I921|-ltd?!� - dma ahack "|_~eyeuge_"was another in a continuing &#39; A B;-M1�... -_

l&#39;F

series of hniiings. clubbings��and drug deaths credited tothe two -tending -Chicanogangs in the California penal

system.�It is a blood fueled w- arol

survival, in the-1 words ofPhil Guthr e, pu lic infor-

A Department of Correc-tons investigator explained:.�He just. happened tobetliebrother of Roberto �Dari &#39;Medina and they triedtok%lhim."

_ Roberto Medina isarank-mg lieutelhnt-�trr �Nuestra

away in an isolation cell inSan Quentln&#39;s adgustmentcenter and is thus temporar-ily safe from Mafia "hitmen."

La Ma�a de Mexicanos �s

described by Guthrie as emost powerful 111&#39;!-W1 E. -Ein the history ofthe Coll!� -nia penal system. An es -mated 200 of the state�: 21,-50! Inmates are members.

They exert in�uence with-in the system, far beyondtheir numbers. �Members ofthe gang are dram from theurban Chicano ghettoes -or barrios -» _o_f Los Angeles

mrgus�migqsi� &#39;ith ae am . wfew more �heavy �Bmt!le&#39;L&#39;§"

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{aha _andolph A.Hearst92T| 91

MEXICAN MAFIA

huructer:l or S

Clcsslilca -

Submlitinq 0 nee: SF.

1 "&#39;1 " &#39;1q in-zostlqate-&#39;2 - &#39;___,____.._._.._.._.__-.--

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than the Mafia on its mem-bership�-mlls. is now five

yiars old. Famllia members�me largely ll&#39;t&#39;.;1 rural

jleas of California wheremy concentrations of

�can-Americans gatherto harvest crops.

The two organizations rep-resent something new in thecriminalhistory of the state.

Reaching StreetsFor the first time, said

Jake Gunn, associate war-den at Folsom prison, pris-on-hrcd gangs are formingsyndicates that are reachingthe streets. _

Already the Mafia � notlated to the Sicilian crime

rganlzatlon - is seeking toonopolize the heroin trade

horn Mexico. &#39;

According to tI.S. andMexican law enforcementofficials. the Mexican Malianow controls 20 to30 nt

into the state across oursouthern border.

And within every prison inthe state one or the othergang almost completelydominates the inmate rack-ets -~ narcotics. homosexualprostitution a nd �favors�from corrupt guards.

i�Department of Correctionsu dercover investigators,$5. Customs officials, fed-

rnl narcotics officers andpolice from Marin CountytoTijuana all spoke with TheExaminer in a three monthinvestigation of the prisonwar and the growing. powerof the gangs. The picture is

bleak.Of-the Soinmates who diedviolently in the Californiaprisons last year..atleast25there casualties of the Chi-cano war. .

iilhln 1972. 106 of the 21.6 in-ates stabbed. clubbed-or

intentionally poisoned_ivithdrugs were linked to thegang videnoear

�-

92Vhite.G-nngThe Aryan Brotlierhood;

a nee-Nazi,. white racist�group of violence-proneex-motorcyclists. has loosely.aligned itself with the Mexi-1can Ma�a.

They kill or maim under-�contract� for the Mafia.

To meet this challenge,Familla members have tem-

porarily&#39; allied. themselves;dth some of the more vi-1lent members of the Black�heretics Army cadre ine prison system,The result� is an explosive

situation which has prompt~ed extraordinary -securitymeasures by Department-oiCorrections officials.

see |Z Outside the squalid Mexi-can border city of Tijuana,_l~Iarry Gamboa Buckley.alias Edmundo SanchezPnsa. alias Eduardo Gonza-

Ef an the heroin s] lez W, and S�-alisthrough the bars of La Mesa

prison.

Buckley faces charges ofkilling Roberto R. Parra onAug. 21. 1972, according tothe Mexican Judicial SlatePolice. lie is aiugttlve fromCalifornia where he ischarged with possession of80 ounces of heroin. __ Until last month. Buckley;

was "living openly in Mexico,l�rst in Tijuana andlaterinlAgtl8 Prieta in the Mexicanistate oi Sonora.

Buckley. 52. is believed tobe. one of the top membersof the Mexican Mafia southof the border. As such, hewas a major source for 89percent pure Mexican broomheroin smuggled to the ur-ban centers of California

Still Powcrfu. 1 6 5

Although now in prisonand facing a possible sen-tence of more than 20 yearsfor murder, Ca1ifornia.im-es.tigators think Buckley, or -Mexiearmrnerican ancestry l

� V

despite his ,,¢p.nle,,,&#39; has lostnone of s power in thebrotherhood.

About t50 miles to thenorth. Joe Morgan, a con-victed murderer. counts thedays until his release fromChino state prison.

._ Morgan is not of Mexican;

American ancestry. Ne -ertheless. his word, as� passes through the remarka-bly efficient prison inmatecommunication system.. islaw to any Mexican Mafiabrother.

Raised in Barrio

lie was raised in Maravll-la. on the edge of the EastLos Angeies barrio, largestin the. state.� &#39;

"He" talks like a Chicano.

he acts like a Chicano.ltherefore he is a Chicano. &#39;.said a Department ofCorrections investigator.

Morgan is considered themost powerful leader in theMexican Mafia behind barsin California. I-le is currentlyin Chino as a parole violatorfrom his previous murder

_..-.&#39;-"-is}. 9

Demerida, his m� as. ac-cording to Baja imsources.

California prison lave -gators believe Buckley _ spaying about sso.ooos yearMexican police officials okeep from being extraditednorth on the heroin charge.

Mrs. Demerida. accordingto a judicial state policem-port, possessed a Mexican-equivalent of s writ etha-beas corpus. which was-signed by a Mexican judgeand thus prevented her ar-rest on any charge. .

Bad HeroinBuckley&#39;s protection did

not cover murder. however.On a hot. cloudless sum-

mer day last year, Robe oParra. at one time the -est heroin dealer in-the_SDiego area. came tolooking for Buckley. -

"Buckley had cheated-Parra out of eight onnceaoihad heroin and he Parra!lost $4000 on the deal," theMexican Judicial Police re-

_ port states. &#39;

Parra and a friend, Gil-com_.k,tion_ " �bet-to Guerrero. appeared at

* t �k

That Harry Gamboa Buck-ley could live openly 195$than two blocks from a po-lice station in Tijuana -hedssome light on the power.both political and financial.of the Mexican Mafia.

The convicted robber. ell-

cape artist and dope dealfrhad been last arrested nhos Angeles on July ll. 1971.with a heroin cache worth

Elprices._ver $220.00!! at street.

the next day. before avartment oi Corrections pa-role oiticer could place ahold on him. Buckley washailed out of the Lus AngclesCounty jail.

He �ed south to the Ti-juana arca. ThPJic.hlumvedinto a house with Daniela

. 2 .

lBuckley&#39;s�home and becameembroiled in a heatedment over the allegedburn.

Parra pulled �s.38 revolver and �red at

Buckley. Buckley, thoughwounded in the left stomachand right leg. managed tograb the revolver amifatai-l-y wound Parra. Mexicanpolice said.

Bleeding heavily. Buckleyfled in annuto with Mrs.De-merida. The uoman wasdroppedoii at alocal policestation an odd place tostop. but unexplained!Buckley drove east to�Prieta where hewas treatfor his wounds by friends.

Then last n1t~.&#39;,¢h..h&#39;g.re-.turned to Tijuana. He was

�

5.I

. 92. 1.

tiiiiugdiamiy arrested by un-dercut-er agents of the Judi-cial Police and charged with

uiurtier._ it ~k it

"-.�he Mexican Ma�a systemfol� running heroin acrossthe border is simple andfoolproof. it might be de-sclibetl as a self-help pro-gram [or ex-convicts.

A Sout.hern California D

purtmcnt of Corrections irqvestigator described it th&#39;9292-uy:

"Suppose you&#39;ve just beenl�£�1Ei]KE92&#39;| from Quentin withl5 in your pocket. You go toe L.A. area and look up

�tour brothers who all served[jiuio vrltli you.

�&#39;l�ltoy supply you with aear. some clothes and a lit-tle bread.

� "You jump in your corand head tor &#39;i�.J. _

- First me &#39;

"Now this is the first timeyou�re buying dope in Moxi-

i. You&#39;re sure to get rippedi because everybody getspped oft the first time they

�ring some money into Mex-it&#39;ll.

"But your Mafia brotherscan contact a member of theorganization and he&#39;ll frontyou the dope on consign-ment. .

"You take the siuif northand sell it in LA. or Frisco_i:nd then you return therhim to the organization."� The "skim" is usually l0percent of the money earnedfrom street sales of the her-oiu. narcotics oillcers said.

That money, deposited inbank accounts in the namesof ranking Mafia members._ts used to expand" the dopesuutggliug network or to pay

-oft� certain Mexican otticials.

tI.**k*

Jim-my Lopez. o $2 yearold �nk: state prison paro -ee. toun out the hard .way

what it�s.like.<i0-lit;-3:16 burnthe Malia.

Lopez and "Colorado" JoeArias. a parotee tiom SanQuentin. met in the spring oi�I972 in the Los Angeles areaThey decided that an ideal

market for heroin lay in theSan Fernando Valley, hometor a large Mexican-Antonican community. &#39;

Arias. a ranking Mafialieutenant. was suppliedwith a lato.model black Lin-

I

"~..

iiioncy. lg wont looking forhis former partner.

On Sept. I6. 1972, River-side County. deputies ioundLopez� battered body insome scrub bushes in Reche

Canyon.

victim in. non-vital areas.Then. while Lopez waskneeling. he was workedover with a screwdriver.Finally. he was shot in thehead and heart.

The killer first shot his 5

or ii -money byorganiza on� n Emma ma.� anyone mmanciers. said a Departmentof Corrections investigator.

In late summer, the pairjourneyed to lijuana wherethey met Albert �Beto� Ra-mirez. then another Mafiaheroin dealer established inthe Bullrtng area of thetown.

FugitiveRamirez is a fugitive from

California wanted in SanBcrnardino County for her-

oin sales.Eight-ounces of the tami-

liar brown Mexican narcoticwas consigned to Arias and

ishment and that&#39;s death, &#39; a

Riverside County investiga-tor said. Arias is sought forthe Lopez murder.

**-Ir

Mexican Mafia or NtiestraFamilia heroin dealers u orkin every major Californiapopulation center. prison in-vestigators believe.

Mafia territory includesSan Francisco primarily inthe Mission District!, LosAngeles, Sacramento, Fres- 1.no and Bakers�eld.

Familia dealers a r eknown to serve San Jose, the

Lopez by Ramirez. Arias imperial Valley and0xuard.Likewise. the two gangsand Lopez returned to the

San Bernardino area wherethey went into business In

August. 1972, investigatorssay. �

in early September, Lopezand a number of other per-sons were arrested outside aSan Berna:-dino drug storefor shoplifting. Arias wasout or town at the time.

The following day, Lopez}was bailed out of jail and�.disappeared in the 1967 Ply-Hmouth he was using at the�

time. _ 7Trung Loadeols

In the Plymouth&#39;s trunk.investigators believe. was acache of three oimces of un-cut heroin and $2000 in cash.

Arias. upon returning totown. discovered Lopez haduhscozzded ttl�rine-trope and

have divided up California&#39;s

prisons. _Rackets in Folson and San

Mafia controlled. Familia

I

Mafia and the F lta art.ed at-so Qm p*°"92b¢l&#39;- 19f�-B. over titty leaera and followers of bogangs have been killed iiSta" Prisons. Guthrie said._ Another 200 non-fatal &#39; .tugs and beatings havebeenlinked 10 �l� bloody its-ug-

. 81°� _

iii

The war almost ended in atruce. until afatetuibecem."9" _d-1? last year in -thema-mnium security seqimiof Chino prison.

�"5-" �Ch"Yenne� Cadcna

was returning from 3 meatwhen his body suddenly�olurnrneted from a thirdter walkway in the prim &#39;adjustment center. u 8

-Wwesh Cadobis beasmashed into the con3001&#39;. he never felt it.convicted robber and inuerer was dead before he"I9 ground. &#39;

When guards readied �jgthere were over so

51� 118 knife wounds fromCadena&#39;s head to waist. A

6 �Set Up��_&#39;l-ie had been setup,"

�"4 8 Prison investigator.�Titer sot him whenheleastexpected it."

Quentin prisons are both M the time of his death,members control rackets inSoledad. Duet Vocational tn-stitute in Tracy and Chino�s/rehabilitation center.

�Hit� is Proof

Control of a prison likeSan Quentin means gztiigleaders run the rackets:dope. canteen ducats, holin-roo I pressed and starehedidenims, cigarettes tused asprison currency! and homo-sexual prostitution.

New inductees in either

Cadena was trying to forgean end to hostilities betweenthe Mafia and Nuestra Fa-milia. As the undisputedleader oi the Ma�a, he hadsent word to dozensof otherMalia� leaders asking th �stews on a truce.

! _"""i°a">&#39;- when Cadengdied, investigators lehe W85 unaware thatmwgbrotherhood members were"l°1°""!&#39; �pposed to a truce.

Coded Messagesgroup are usually required Chin" Etleftls. it wastatto prove themselves by u92ak- teamed-. knew Caing a �hit� against an cr-

ganization eneni:er�--;-eSince the war between the

. 1 ..

lI

l

lJ

-s

receiving-coded messages inhis mail. in the weeks be-

lore his death. many per-s lletters were withheld l

Revenge was not long �

On Christmas day, 1972. atSoledad prison, Frank "Cis-co� Viilalobos -and Pablo"Bennie" Najera werehacked to death with pris-on-made knives in separatebut simultaneous attacks.

Both were ranking Fami-lia lieutenants.

_**&#39;kThe Departmentmotions has taken dra

steps.

Every known leader oi ei-ther the Ma�a or the Fami-lia today is locked in aniso-lation cell in whatever pris-on he is housed. Each indi-vidual is segregated fromthe general prison popula-

-tion and must eat and exer-cise under strict supervi-sion. Guthrie said.

Members of the or-ganiz -tfpns no longer behind haal;e being kept. under snrvlance. -

Attacks Continue

Nonetheless. while fatall-ties are down inside thewalls. inmate attacks contin-ue. At last count, 32inmateshave been beaten or stabat San Quentin since th -

si. of the year. j

Other prisons show simili1 statistics.

�A Mafia typein thedeep-est, darkest hole at Folsomcan order the death of an n anywhere in theslate."n ted one ex-convict.

!Son1e Department 0 Irrections investigator

who have been close to thetwo Chicago qmupslor the

51-!i£§z;�4i=4v;;!r:::;::u?=#..":¢:;:::2;;:::=:;=4;:::;:.;z:.;;.;;:;:;.:: ._;. -.._~. .. 1;: h __

past two ,gea:s___complainthat many state officials andlocal police agencies do notrealize the power of the

Wail of Silence

92

I

~" _v H-wt! �.- ; "1" - 4

J = § : .. &#39; ~ " :1

much of the ex

activities. _ ivA Los Angeles woman up

witnessed the death of hf�:husband at the hands oit

would testify against thepair. Shortly afterwards. nor

H8I1¬5- - g Malia leaders told police sheOtticials are hampered by

a wail oi silence from theMexican-American commu-

nity. usually"Til§"vll:tim oi

_ Q-rwl-It

I

son was murdered. 1�Now she&#39;s like a Z0 �-

bie.�1 said a prison investiga-tor. "She won&#39;t. talk to any-body.� "&#39;-�"""

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SuspectedSACRAMENTO - Officials

voice growing concern that mil-, lions of dollars in state. federal

and local funds for social pro-grams are being diverted through-out California into the hands of

Chicano-run. Malia-style organiza-iions.

Their concern was sparked bythe Feb. l7 murder near the Sac-

ramento Metropolitan Airport of aSouth Pasadena woman. EllenAnne Delia had been shot. gang-land-style. three times in the backof the head. -

- Later. it became known thptMrs. Delia. the estranged wife bfthe operator oi a halfway home inLos Augeles. was on her way he~eto tell oificials what she kne�wabout the misapplication of feder-al and state funds and fraud in so-cial programs in- the barrios. Abriefcase of documents, which shesaid supported -what she knew, wasmissing when her body was found.

No one knows just what she had-to tell. Her husband. himself a sus-

pect in her murder, later reported-ly told health department officialsandlegislators that she had po -sessed canceled checks from til:operators of drug-rehabilitation�programs to gang figures.

mounting to as much as $1.000 amonth per counselor. that go intothe pockets of Chicano mobsters.

in addition. methadone report-edly is being siphoned from drugtreatment programs and sold onthe street. A

"it&#39;s bound to he going on wher-ever there are programs like this.in all the cities." said a law en-forcement-oificial who asked t

to he identified. �That&#39;s whereuwney ls.» V- The gangs themselves w e

1&#39;70

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SA»: Jose l�92eizc~.m,92

__Sm Jase, revue;

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Date:Edition: .

Aulhor:

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Title:

Character

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Classi�cation:

Submitting Oiiice;

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-rho gt_3k 923;1[&#39;9 high. Cimrnriiias As hlarlis have in major East- Hall and state buildings, hag be."�l!l&#39;lf"citlcs. Chicanos have begun to come the focus of the turf war be-�poor rcccivc more than a tenth of"

iihe health and welfare dollars;_spent in the United States. Drug-grohabiiitation programs currently�appear to be the focus of inter-gang action. About _$t0 million an-nually, counting federal grantsfrom the National Institute ofDrug Abuse and the Law Enforce-

iment Assistance Administration. isispentin California. &#39;

The possible loss oi such sums1 spurred Health and Welfare Secre-

tary Mario Gbledo torequest onFriday that federal officials aswell as Los Angeles authoritiesjoin a state task force probing theloss of funds to mob action.

For months reports have circu-lated in the barrios that. for in-stance, the operators of some pre-paid health-plan programs fundedby the state were being forced topay a �head� tax to the inob oneach patient they saw. .

Other sources in East Los Ange-iessay that halfway houses. whichare meant to provide treatmentfor drug addicts and ease the tran-sition froin prison to normal life.ar"e being strong-armed into pay-ing �ghost counselors" salaries.

attempt to wrest control of organ-ized crime from the older ItalianMafia in California. One inform-ant, only recently out of prison,said �the Italian Mafia had passedthe word in the state institutionthat Nuestra I-�amilia and EMF.could fight it out for control. and�to the victor belong the spoiis."- -

The war has been bloody. In1975, according to Charles E. Ca-sey, head of the Organized Crimeand intelligence Branch of theCalifornia Department of Justice.29 murders were traceable to iii-ier-gang rivalry; 16 of those oc-curred in prisons. But in 1976there were 75 such murders, andall but 14 occurred on the streets.

That has led to~a climate of fearin East Los Angeles, where onebarrio figure refused to talk to re-porters at all, saying. �If it go�out. it could get me killed. I liavhbeen threatened and my famil¥has been threatened, and if it goont,�I would have to leave here orthey would kill me.� -

i "Other longtime observers inEast Los Angeles report that the

ii _-._._--A . -. ..._,___ leaders of_cornn_inr_iity programs{formed in California&#39;s prisons a;,&#39;self-protection units. They bega:0 $2111 Otlt Of the prlsnng jn 1971tr Ff WQ litain gangs are "muss-is� ������ �°�!&#39;_F&#39;emiiri. which

°°mPv-red mainly of rural cm-canos from Caiifornia�s Cent;-31

y:"eY»h§_nd �EMS� pronounced�?&#39;"F &#39; as in the 3P3rli$h pron-

unciation of the letter com.posed -of urban Chicanos fromEa� L� 5"B¢|9_$. EME is also�lied the Mexican Mafia. orsogmumes �Em�Y$ Brothers!�i is �mg as ""199 Years ago offi-

tr 8 s were warning that the oi-ga.nizations were moving to thes4"=°l5» but there was no real con."

- �mm mail?» when they ap-p irently began a gangland turf

r over the ti-oitraffic and fmn of harddmggrams "lid! for social prg.

appear to be intimidated and arenot; talking about the situation.

In Los Angeles Thursday, PoliceCommander Ray ftuddeilsaid �atleast five and possibly more" mur-ders-are linked in Get Going. thehalfway house operated by Mrs.Delia-and her husband, Michael.Later police officials said the fig-ure could go as high as 10. �lieigaidway house. situated just a wleeks-south of Los Angeles City

171

t1iesideofEME. althouglihe &#39;has ties to the older Sicilian C

inEastl.osAngeles. He wastsireninto custody with six other Chi-cano Mafia figures on Thursday;then was released on $7,500 bail.

charged with possession of a&#39;,3tl-caliber pistol and two.�bailoons"of heroin. ~ .

At a press conference that dayofficers said the six had beenlinked to a series of crimes be-tween &#39;.lan. 1&#39;5 and Feb. 1

thiioughnut California. The offiw uld not publicly speculate g

tcrimes they were. � _

tween two factions of EME.Michael Delia reportedly is

6

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�kin�;

3 Chicanos &#39; i

Executed On

Fresno RoadFRESNO AP! - Three Mexi-

can-American males were founddead Sunday on a&#39;r_ural road aboutfive miles east of he:-e�each witha single gunshot wound to thehead, sheriffs deputies reported. 1, The victims, all believed in theirggarly twenties, have not been iden-lIiified, said Lt. Richard Pierce. vl- "There have been a series of in-cidents down here of similartype," Pierce said. "Whether thisis connected I don&#39;t know."

Pierce said authorities believe afeud between two gangs, the Mexi-can Mafia and La Nuestra Fami-lia, to be responsible for a recentchain of crimes in the area. -

�That feud is going on all over Central Calilornia,"&#39; Piercehlaimetl.

The three men were found Sun-�day at 9 a.m. by ranch owners onan entrance road leading to theirproperty. he said. �

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��ang-Sty&#39;lé*&#39;�-Slaying in »

Morgan H� lMORGAN HILL ~ lroy

was gunned down te es-, day afternoon in a g gland-style

slaying hereDead at Wheeler oapltal in Gil-

roy about one h after the shoot-ing was Flavio 25, of 7620F°"5* :.--.:_.- .

Three suspects,a1_&#39;e in police cus-tody. . &#39;

- Police acknowledged that theywill investigate possible NuestraFamilia ties with the shooting.

Garza was shotin the and _ nwith a £2-gauge shotgun at oserange. . ~K They said one of the suspects

�apparently shot Garza as he wor-ked at a radial saw located in an

equipment manufactuylng plant.-Richard Collier, manager for

KLM Eiectroniee at Laurel "Roadnear East Dunne Avenue. whereGarza was employed, said heheard the blast of the shotgun andtwo quieter sounds as if from

. handguns.Collier said he� knew of no rea-

son for the shooting. �LPolice closed in quickly andt iti-

trvltichard Vasquez, with Emam took the three suspects to

c istody at the scene of the shoot-

ECollier said that Garza had beer

employed as-a mechanical assem-§ _hle;,_ab-lt�+LM for the past c. years. <//W

1.73

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1- Page 73

1 San Jose itereurj

_San Jose, Calif.

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A man police identified as the top NuestraFamilia member in the San Jose area has been

arrested for suspicion of attempted murder dassault with a deadly weapon.

Arthur Rocko Beltran, 25, of 1368 Du rtLane. Apt. _4, was arrested shortly before d-.night Sunday at Hacker Pass highway and Wat-sonville road west of Giiroy by Santa ClaraCounty Sheriffs deputies.

San Jose Police detectives, who obtained a$100,000 arrest warrant for Beltran Friday,identified him as a lieutenant and top-rankingmember of the San Jose Nuestra Famiiia.

Beltran was arrested in connection with the

shooting of one man in San Jose Feb 26,and the stabbing of another man here M 4.

Both men recovered from their woun

Beltran and two other persons wereafter a routine car stop.

On of th G dale e passengers was ua u e a,

24, oi 1314 Santee Drive. She E the �fe 0? In-Thony Rocha, 25 arrested last-Tuesday with twoother persons for suspicion of the gangland-styleslaying oi Flavio Garza, 25, in Morgan Hill.

Mrs. Rocha was booked into the Womens� De-tention Facility at Elmwood for suspicion of car-rying a concealed weapon after deputies repoed finding a .22-caliber pistol on her when ewas arrested.

Also arrested with Beltran was gichagi Cog�-§_§3,_11. of 750 Delmas Street, for suspicion ofparole violation. fr

San Jose detecitves Dalton Rolen and BuckBallard said warrants were issued I-�riilay forBeltran and Phillip Pablo Lopez. 25, oil 14090Woodhaven Dr..Jll...llnlInection with the stabbing

174

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iSt.ispeot"in attempted�mUr§e _�called Nuestra Famiiia

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and shooting. &#39; -Lopez �was arresied nea Jaome Fitldayii"! with i » aw zw, we 4; --who �Esayisw 1/-1 u -I ru I41"-**-�H: forens-

p cion of armed robbery.Beltran and Lopez were booked for suspicion

of attempted murder and asgaull. with a deadlyweagxm &#39; _.-. - _ -_~" T e Feb.-26 incigient took place outside the &#39;

Balcony Lounge on East Julian stheetjwhen Kr-thur Hernandez was shot with a .80-caliber hand-gun.

The March 4 incident involved the stabbing ofLeonard Mejia, 23, near Spring and Heddjngstreets. g

oth crimes as well as the Morgan Hilld last week ape believed �to be connectedtzlviuv�t Nuestra Familia, a prison-based Chicano

8- .__ , "_""�� J,

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By BILL ROMANOsmo vam-

Four alleged Nucstra Familia N.F.i enforcers suspected oftr ng to intimidate a witnesswe e scooped up by San Jose po-lic and jailed Thursday.

e group was arrested on anEast Side street corner as they

I3

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speeted &#39;Prison~Gang �Enforcer; � AArrested Near Home of Witness 111--=

rode away lrom the victim&#39;shome. A

There were no weapons report-ed found in their automobile.

Lt. Don Ewing said the quartetwas seen three times driving slow-

aly past the victim&#39;s residence.�People in the nelghhorh d

have been on the lookout for-s i-

cious activity and they called simmediately. A unit in the fieldnearby at the time made thestop." he said.

�Police suspect the re at-t mpting to frlgh rson ex-acted to at e trial soono Arturo � o" tran. a high-

ng . . .Beltran and a fellow member f

the same prison-based street g .Phillip Pablo Lopez. 25. havecharged with attempted murdand assault in connection with the

shooting and stabbing of two NI�.outcasts here in recent weeks. _

Paroled from state prison lastNovember. Beltran was reportedto have been assigned the task ofgttting an NF. chapter starteda nong gang members llvlng inS Joaquin County.

�is name has been linked withthe death of an N.F. "soldier"slain there earlier this year. a In�l-ing for which two Gllroy mien

were later arrested andchai-ge¢|_San Jose police arrested 1,9�,

here March 25. Beltran was plckgq"P two days later. on a $100,099vgarrant while dri lng over Paehe.c uaass.

_- ose ta - 1Thmeday e I}; oncfustody herel d911� Motal I VI I248 °fa&#39; ec °" �-5157� 1 Salinas?

0? 0 n Apez. 28 no address�5753 P3111 gahc ez ~&#39; varez - qtSacramento. . �

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176

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&#39; San Jose Mereur;

San Jose, Calif.

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Some 40 inmates of Dene! Voca

tional Institute in &#39;l�raey._ a strong-hold ol the Numtra Familla prisongang, were shipped oft to other do-tention facilities Thursday to de-fuse an explosive situation amongthe 1.200-man population.

Correctional officials earlierhad expressed fear of a �blood-bath� unless those responsible fora ent prison yard fight were

he violence left three personsh and has resulted in a prison-wide lockdown for the fourthstraight week . ~

Unconfirmed reports indicatethe June 0 clash, between NFmembers and white inmates

eruptedovera grabtorcontnoioigambling inside the institution.

"I&#39;m_ going to get people killed llI open this place." Superintendent

Rees said, �and the depart-m t State Department of Cor-

Pons! doesn&#39;t want to get peopl killed."

Deuol Removes Inmates &#39;

I To Avoid �Bloodbath�Reesaaatirststepinputting theprison beck on a normal touting.

Reports from both convicisiandprison otiicials say e number ofwhites have been placed on {theNuestra Famllla�s �hit ,. ~ &#39;

A spokesman reported Thursdaythat 99 NF members and asso-ciates have been relocated in two

separate, self-contained eellblocks.awaytrom most ot the other pro-oners.

�They were both vacant. bothrecently renovated and ready togo so we moved� them in there."said Robert Walraven. Rees� ae-sistmtt.

Another 100 Mexiean-Americaninmates with no gang afiiliationcontinue to be housed with thegeneral population.

Of those transferred. 27 werereputed NF leaders. The remain-der were white prisoners, linked

They were moved out during thejday �l�hursday.to San Quentin, Sol

The transfers were ordereg..h;t._.,;lad. Vacavillc and Chino.

directly to the on-going turmoil. J

.1�

177

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Hl�emeu�mvic�m�rwmalaouutheliat.osepln Heruamla,car-

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allege�ly used a sawed-ogaugaahotgun and Reynacaliber:-evolve:-. .

Beeqmaolhtsllfebelnginpa:-dy, said Hernandez. he ls ineptInlaolatiuu by the DeparhmhtCorrec�om. That la in cunnec�mit

witlnthealayingofonelarryllmrmlnsanloaqnln�omty.

&#39;l�rylngtodim&#39;editEerna|ulaz&#39;

testimnnay,Roo.ha&#39;sa�orney,1�ex-ry Grew. read ta mutt mm a{ht-;xsu:l|atu!»aeo92:rtproeeedlag1nminty.

lnttadqsutydM1&#39;!ctltturmysaid themm-der charge there

wonl<lbe¢mppa<l!£Hamam!esbes��edlnmmilercasshereandlnctlmeoun�as. .

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t Dapartmentoi�orreetionst Garza was on the prison-

s�h!t� esacu�oa

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mm Matias!, who was am.;s,maummu¢3u,wn»

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Page 2.

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Jose Mercury

Jose, Calif.

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shouting-~

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;na¢¢mm,ghe~jm-y@d£!2u�e:1&#39;ezgulltg|:!pm-�mu 8 saw°¢..,gg ggm�w-and found armed diap-mgagmulmmgmnquwbelm-me pmeys vex-gm; warm! �u! 24th day of trial.�Sn� rior cw: mgeumlxrn Pww�wzewwsvt

as at us a.m. m rm�m 0! wmm repmsentencing,

T119 IP10 ere N959 March I2 l ofFlavlo Oarzz, an,-ax his of

GIIL. .°"E?§3§&#39;£r=z was acculll ¢iT&#39;�1&#39;l�I 8 sawed-of! 12-

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�hit�Garza."Heidea��edBa§naas~an1NF�ca|Inh:�am!headoH:he.NFintheSauJwaa:m.&#39;. 1 r

Benran,25,andanothe1-magarnlhnrge�wiyhahtempted murder and asaaultibntwmm�aarmmlnFabruaryand�lamh. _

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Rocha&#39;s attorney, Terry Green, trluilda discredit1-Iernaadera testimony by pointing out-In a&#39; tran-scr1ptofaeourtprocaed1ngln8anJ0aq1ninUtmn1y�a

to:-�s stgtanent thata murdai-chrga

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Mount Clipping In Space Below!

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GILROY -&#39;- Charges of conspir-acy to commit murder and assaultwith a deadly weapon namingRuben Ga:-nica, 29, of 4747 ElMonte St. Fresno. were dismissed

here Tuesday.Garntca was to have faced e

preliminary hearing on thecharges in Gilroy Jmtlce Court.

But the District Attorney�: Of-fice was forced to seek a dismissal

after Gilroy police were unable to,serve subpoenas on witnesses whowould have testified about the

Aug. 25 shotgun shoothig of Man-uel Vacs, 17. Police said the wit-

essea simply had "disappeared."Vaeawasshotintheheadinthe

arIy~mornlng hours at the rear of

A N0 witness, no cosé�a restaurant at 7140 Ch éh St.Vacs has since been missed

from the hospital. .A woman impllc ed in the

shooting, A elina 1 21. of539 E. ar . , wasalso released ear r from similarcharges &#39;

Garnlca, who has the words�Nuestra Famllla� tattooed acrosshis back, was arrested by Giiroypolice last Aprllps the aftermathoi an incident In which �ve shot-gun �blasts were pumped into a

This case was also dismissedause of the unavailability of wit

nesses.

homeat258E.8lxthSt.,narrowly

9292inlsaingthreeoeeupants._

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Page 73

. San Jose Mercury

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� � . 3 ~ -_.&#39;lc &#39;77?� I _4.� &#39;1 I" "� �H K fa""1? "col n qtjes�BY?% RODltlGUEZ from rural areas and Northern Stntcsoi-ateiigeSl:§::�°%5�~¢�-.n_;e. -1 tified e P ---,�����-�-�°�*Z�£2�;i�:iiw�%�,§£¥�i.&#39;i�&#39; �"53 $,&#39;?.&#39;;�i;.....ei to iioimbiqi=;;�%l;i92g=Sag»-;;�92;=e.Dg;,hR,*;�:$;§:;:.&#39;:7:i;,":::22....

. ~ . &#39;. :1 � &#39;Cam-om-ia gang "Meme hasuschlcyms lggtlga ti&#39;:l§l ?;b|?£SO:lS iIl.|0 &#39; Gonzales. A c�ggrndg&#39;°°m� Pm°ns&#39; - - Memcaql�he two gangs have been Dop=1l&#39;"�."�&#39; of cormare nowEven now um it is becommgmss-6&#39;7� both in the Prisons and ficcr said both II1e|nV0¢ationalmore aglparent that theiangls areentirgtsnas imprisoned at Dot: rm� whichfiliiideagrii�ehggr 92t�ligebsstre�e�tg,eni§tE°nlntelligence reP0i&#39;l&#39;is S?-it will iiiliiigiio�iiriiiiéeig Idmi! isestl tors believe the shots or the Nucstra Farn 13- &#39; ° ak nu-oiled by NI-�. Gonzales w_&#39;e8:2}; giiiii� eiiiiea min lnsidelzgfuggtgrxésotla siggss-�mo: &#39;23� ffamfewfaggw sotedad om"p onwa s._ &#39;_ six mon - &#39; �momdthe SaImh.:lit¥tgllqt&#39;o S1352 mii�ii? i:llw§92iF constitution in- �x Soleggg peitfttiiorities haw�:mur ers are _ _ 1; icer . _bee� Nuesm Fgmma ms in "Memeimd stgiwsltshlzi anti" Ji�5�is attempted to !d°{&#39;l{fYpast eight m°mh§&#39; stmiiursnuestro enerag, who iiliatcs and. Mb� emuigm; 3Nuestra Fainilia whlclim led Y 3 t B

, . - I &#39; ll - 1 -0 . 1 is�; &#39; Q�ow� taint! ", is comprig must remain inside prison to m°�&#39;b-er,� hlqusill� �mu an�? B92 i

;na/�iiy of iuexlcanetmertcans-retain authority. gS �C&#39;Ul&#39;lUii I

management control units. Heestimated that less than tea percent of the prison�s 2,400 inmatepogomation is gang-affiliated.

Zsdad was considered a NFstron �hold, but no longer. �Wehad a lot here tor awhile butthey&#39;ve been transferred toDV ."aspokesman sag.

How the word sprea from theprisons to the streets amazeseven law enforcement personnel.Communications from high-raniging N F members are carriedthrouch a variety of methodssuch as visits, coded letters,hone calls or through parolees.inside the prisons, com-

nunication is just as simple.

Joe Rodriguez. unit supervisorfor the tri-county parole ofli c. tacknowledges that. "over is-c 5gust two years there has been a §efinite increase of activity by

this gang in the Salinas urea." &#39;People on the street whose

lives have been or may hetouched by Nuestra I-amiliaactivities are frightened even tobe asked questions about it

"It&#39;s hot, man." .~;i_92&#39;s om-"Don�task."

Rodriguez said that in the tri-count?� area, his office sup:-rviso-.350 te ons and slightly rn% than150 civil addicts who :ire"�notconsidered felons but who haveGANG

F

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Continued from N9°na.--5lttedt theC ornieH I awn� n Cznter by the

§�,§�,,&#39;§-�l§�§§&#39;t§"§vii<i are treated as°�6l�i§§"{ mm Si»certain P8!�°l°°$ 3.§Y�§esbi;&#39;:identit&#39;ied_aS 89748 ,3 � be; Hehecan&#39;tdivulB§1g:"gg�mn &#39; f.n&#39;°it:tsESth:l�e:% ptreated "mllchs�i1Te1-entiy than routineparolees."

st-o but k page

"ffertainly our purpose is to dof_, ail we can to dissuade parolees_ from involvement in criminality. or any unproductive behavior. lnthis context. we use 3 variety ofmethods trom the degree ofcounseling and casework to thatof monitoring behavior andtaking iorcefui action asnecessary Forceiui action couldbe placing them in jail custodypending investigation and-orpending lurthcr revocation �ac-tion by the .�"" Authority."Rodriguez sa&#39;

l 8 3. I a 1.

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""""rF" &#39;"� - w ott-! qsiqr1i§"p&#39;mi%]:n �E5? 3.151% The llrst st oi the olann¢¢�°"°°"&#39; °" &#39;Pf¢;§�1�,";?,w?u we.8 3 orcemcnt oi¢8SEWOi�£:l§.Iild a peace oflicerstreet move c led for eventualmm � mg, mm, d Q, toiland ht necessarily has to work payment to "soidados -aandwmg rem,� mm-the .closely and coordinate with-iawwbuid &#39;ve a member the 0111102 mm went� good ll?enforcement agencies and otherol �re&:�i�8" 8"" l&#39;°°°m"f 9" Z2; we� may have an&#39;llt¢1&#39;6l�l"-social service roups�afe also with 20 �Y9!� ° &#39;8&#39;-riminal activity arid ill" illf;Rodriguez noted. All arolees v cc.� .� �uni,� gang association. _must maintain contact vdth their Soldado �llet: 3? °���,&#39;,��&#39;al§ �mi-�lillllo says. � -parole agents who generally document cal or n _ M, 3�;-1

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le soperv .initiat theconta tintheii ld.- naroctlcs. 6! _¢°§_°�°��� °f Pam , "We anti a 0N 1 ,1 ,.,.- i°liii"lig�;;l%Jp�8»?¢erl§l�-i§°%l?=°3�§°�75?3$&#39;- ues a a la niem r . . . e _ >is estimated at iron: 400-50% ventures without authorization-°"�* wmmfllbeaim�ted with

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Mum, Clipylng In Spoco B-low! . __..-&#39;1 think there la A vol�? 7°�

�ta wid, Rh t s erlora. "°"��°""� h "headygttr�ctié �§mg�l�§ §::t§nb::::_ rs.rtli�eu�:&#39;second sta�e °f �92°§é�e�:¬§i¢:uts,,|:: g:92¥:dn?ed "torThe gays goals are set lorth hvtakeover was to establish spam whohavemsummran hll constitution: "main banlt. 6 Law ant rcement ageac es on

-- The rimary purpose offoals oi till�; organization will beor the bettermentof its meni-bers and the building us of theorganization on the outsi e into astrong and sell�-supportinglamtlla."

-"A larniliano will not bereleased lrom his obligations tothe organization because he isbeingereleased from prison andwill expected to work twice ashard to see that a famllia isestablished and works in handwith the organization alreadyestablished behind the walls."

-�A automatic death sentence.will be put on a lamlliano thatturns traitor, coward or deser-er."And a September, 1975, NF

dbcljament outlines a ol

. t levelshavoThe rumored move oi the NPR� &#39;°4°."°£:�&#39;:§:.t°m aw mga be eioiwl "I

i�t§�h%%.;s�§.&#39;it292�92$r&#39;fel. �e! ev&#39;=-"*&#39;*="&#39;°"*�%&#39;l.l"1.~�"�..l.,."f"im�°"&#39;B.involvement spreadln� mam §;§§;�;�::§,g Aqmmiguationrh�mlhigggndnvolvantent of the 5°"�¢d 5 59��! Nmam in.

Force which servee 88 BIgangs has been basically in the . em mt; um

i�§§t�i" �h?¢§&#39;§EZ§&#39;£1§=�§§$i�°m�*e§l§&#39;§e&#39;$§i§§&#39;§=§&#39;wgo§§�t;;=;="°",, I;gylnspar 0011158.! ll. 1 mink f°:§arg:tl&#39;i2:r: nerally been a lot oi&#39;:*.:.:.&#39;t#::.=&#39;::.:".:.t l...»=»~=~-i�u=,~1=,,,,,~e-=~=-*=#=

§".:.:..= "�:.";i�§* *::",t"t*,:::,.*:;°�*v?=l-�1,°i�»,,�§.,*-,,...&#39;-l;:.v0 &#39; er . .County Asst. 131$ MW D�?tah|-ignite somebod lust because

. "the seem."Té§ni&#39;n:&#39;.:n"s:z::$% &#39;°� agamilia mambo-s are from the . �°lt&#39;s&#39;extrelll9!9 <|llgg" *5"Salinas area. "1 think it would be an you re deallni wl wage;fair to say some Salinas aame� people have riot to be I. . �fwd-¢ - - but ereceive f ,lt&#39;s not an 08.87

&#39;~".s.;;,g>;*,;g,=g§;&#39;;=mm,s,5,t§i5�i�.�,§i§l3�£"ll n;§lg¢t;;3 §3{?-�-�r��{>"£»»=- ~ -"_ &#39; ro ° l n:wgtabllshing a self~su ortlng �mm: {hm 11:5: tame tor l;1~ �Mmiamilia iregimentljlac� a area� �" e Author:

pqqg, mama 0|er, city and alote-l

"iinasalifcrnia

;.&#39;:&#39;4/77

Aftrrnocn.i.c=< .&#39;.-:>::i

- �gm stance, from San Jose. A ll,l&#39;!é§il2..°.£.�i� �¥».i�l§&#39;i.5li.�� n�h1�**=~====~=1I¢¢~¢ -===mw§?=2have a ba-nk with&#39;a basis oi oath� 11°" 9°" *°�&#39;�%""° um �&#39;5.

. don&#39;tknow." -less than $1,000 and shall have �The . _- - y are so mobile. This ishv¢§:5:t&#39;1nto businessosin part orme or the masons were so

.� - ;pn¢erned." sag: Montere...--11;, fam�ia yank, jug; 113,-scanty Sheriffs t. Capt. Bill�

Editor: "- l

T�hauestraire conjue

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. -.-=.--...e;.a.&#39;..==. - -l.a§az=z§a-as-.;=-=i=<¢&#39;¢=ii--:~&#39;2=:&#39; t.- .. m . _§7,f._,,,,,,._.,,,5,;,,¢; , ,,. - ..

�pug� Clipping In §|-nice Below! i H _ W i. 7 a.. r-- 7:: - ~ � &#39; � 92

&#39;. i�""s* "Prison gang%*m;esri_§_nds power-11 . l

_ Califorul s3 rnet::�tw�:"po1,wm�La Nuestra Familia, a rlgun.

*%%i<"&.�> sass 1:2. a:&#39;t&#39;§.= "8a|eSalinasValley, 8 � *°, The deaths of seven one in

git?" pm �"811! montg� in theN mas "Q3 are believed to be

Klegitra Farmha NF! hits The�Wings have reportedly come inan effort �by NF� to u �weak

:&#39;:.:&#39;:&#39;.":&#39;;.*.. =25, Jew�?-�eaestablishing� a racketaeexgiggbagé

. &#39;",f.�"°°"°"ndnrosntution.92 , {&#39;19 growth of gng.i;,nueme¢ggltl� Ill the linas Valleywhich :5 it sm°�"d° &#39;���°"�control �is F attempting to gain

I1 San Jose. FresnoStockton and other Central and

. .___________ »

are keenly aware of rumors ofromrtggégginvolvement ltl thegalinas a . But for the most

part, the rumors are un-corroborated by hard facts. _

Monterey County Asst. Dist.Atty. Dean Fllppo acknowledges

y that �there IS possible gang� activity in our area - in the

Salinas-county area - and theinformation that we arereceiving, again uncorroborated,

� is that the gangs are involved invarious crimes.� I don&#39;t think

si

we&#39;ve received any informationthat there&#39;s a war going onbetween rival gangs in theSalinas area.�

Letters reccived by theCalifornian express growing fearon the streets. One woman wrote.��lFerro&#39;r�lS rampant in the streetsand barrios of Salinas and l fear

3 .

v,_=ii?i,�e�¬t&#39;?.§é§.�»i§£ti;��7.�§l�i2�i°il�i_our family"! and the N-ch.rival Mexican Mafia, also km�as the Eme ._ um 3-"mm,

&#39;3P¢11i�8 Of the letter "|n&#39; dot221.12%:-&#39;.:::.i::::s" &#39;~i&#39;"~~

ware Mexican Mafia is basicallyn �ad is 92&#39;9Il01�t8dty um.

:::.&#39;a:.%::.:&#39;:""* .2"°""&#39;,,..&#39;:."°=;*;.°;Y-�Ii?� �ne

ss1l�===r¢a.tne1-&#39;3&#39;e&#39;§dz§&#39;shi§&#39;o§§afamlizgear-old Donald LeeJ08 h l92;1asEme-lmkql, Dawger "Bl. 8 37-year-o

t=.:i.&#39;;a".:vt:*".;&#39;i=~-;&#39;glieutenant. 8 �cumArea law enforcement officials

if left unchecked. this organizedviolence may overcomuerill tothe point where we may have topay these gangsters forprotection to live here."

Street talk has it that NF is

seeking lo control the valleysheroin traffic. a �potentia ly

lucrative groposition.""With t e Salinas Valley being

on the main road from SanFrancisco "to L.A.. there&#39;s atremendous amount of narcoticsthat comes through and we get anawful lot of information about anawful lot of people being in-volved. Some say people from thegangs, but l don�t think we canestimate at all." about how manyalleged Fgang-nrcrrrl�irs are involved, lippo

Information has reached lawenforcement that Nueslra

no peqo, mane of�~ novopcpor, city one n92ote.l

i ii11oVaIIe§g� ... &#39;. By mcx RODRIGUEZ .»N,,,.,,,,,,, Gamma arm __

- 1 Salinas .

Californian

5

Date:1 Eamon: .§f&#39;.IB1"l�lOO1&#39;l

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rw...» f&#39;l|--|-- |- 1--.. -92 ____J. . . ti . -mill�! 1""? "°"&#39;92"� t° m°�&#39;i" also had a history oi� narcotics~°.,$angnyle �gm om Law en.F� . &#39; _- -

iil?ltl l0D �Ild !lll digit� _s~vili&#39;rs. ihtwmlamd an.�|8_l"|il:_l_;%,Q91$55- ",1 av i "11"" "Pi _ Larry Thomas Randall, as,wt� . 1&#39;�l_||y i1I"i""""�"Y ma-1°" oi� Salinas, a known narcotics

cnnfriinlzgion bf"liWl�_ ;�fk°:en%3|£�I>§ um;-, vim :1;-asriaoand shotOi" &#39;81! 23 On an I _ time; n g mom 3 Qshim. It appears that 1""! re Plaza l-iotel, so E. Market St.,alliiivolv�l . early March 5. Randall had

Therv have 50°" &#39;°P°"s �� 9!� reportedly been fired at while onPas! f°92"&#39; ""°"""�- �&#39;3? NF &#39;5 E. Market Street about a weekattemptinf to move into the ea�gel-_ -lower So cdad _Streei area to _ Adam cemeno� 30, ofcontrol prostitution. _ _ pnm¢da|¢_ whose body was

"We have to stress "*8! "Fdiscovered on Old Natividad921l181lb8i=mll8lPd- 5°m"b°dY �"_� Road across from the Sheriff&#39;ssoy something and than �&#39;°"lPosseoi-ourids March 12. liediedback ll "ll And We h-&#39;*."°" &#39; he?� from two close-range shotgunable to hack any of it up W_l1.hbtasts_ditectprooi." saw S�mlas P°1&#39;°° Toxicolo reports by theT38�-�--Cali R0l&#39;"=!""=* a� coroner&#39;s gyfice show that only

�Me crimes which have dis� aeiiim had a positive drugtheinosl attention have been ihemmen test Whig, showed mm-.FAl92lll-Y ===¢&#39;>=¢&#39;l* Pm giine and nsrvoii in his system.

&#39; _arcotics paraphernalia wasfound at the scene of the Randallmurder and several of the othervictims had needle tracks.

&#39;l�a�i;fetedSome oi� the ctims knew theywere targeted for death. Onewoman wrote, �Alejandro Moreno! had known or thethreat to his life for some timeyet for 8 little while he had daredto believe, to hope in our futuretogether, only to have his dreamshattered by the shadows of hispast.

The problem in making cases isthat potential witnesses aren&#39;ttalking.

"We are having an extremedifficulty in having peoiple comeforward and testify n court.Why? l suppose we couldspeculate as to whether they&#39;vebeen threatened or arefrightened for their own safety orwhatever. It&#39;s extremely difficultfor police agencies in ese typeof cases because the witnessesare not coming forward," Flipposays.

"What we&#39;re trying to do is thatvie e e ex nt

-that we&#39;re tryin to c bo t

iNeiit: l-�rom the prisons to thestreets!

,orcenient officials won&#39;t comiiient on pending cases but streettails links the following murdersto the prison-based gang:

Victims- Jack Samuel Rice Jr., 27. of

,Saiinas, who was shot at theFoley and Btli&#39;k.Cai&#39;ltlV8l July 18,1976. He died from brain damagepaused by two bullet wounds tohe head. &#39;

Raul Ralph Flores. M, ofSalinas, was convicted by aMonterey Countiy Superior Courtlury of second agree iniirder inzhe �Rice case on Nov. 3, 1976.Despite rumors linking theslaying to a NF hit, no motivewas brought out in the.- trialbecauseo acli of solid evidence.

- Richard Cano Hernandez.21. of Salinas, who was stabbed todeath Oct. i7. 1976, in his Soledadprison cell. l-Iernamlez, who was

serving a term for attem tedrobbeg, was &#39;to have &#39;iI:eenparol Dec. iii. Two men areawaitingtrial in the case.

� Gavino "Porky" Valdez, 30,of Salinas who was strangledie�t. 29. 1976 in Monte:-ey Countyla . Valdez, whohad a history ofirug violations, had been housed�en an eight-man cell. Reluctanceit any of the i7_inmates on theentire cellblocli to speak has lednvestigators to a dead-end as faris an_arrest is concerned. it washe first murder in the jail�siistory. 5- Alexander Moreno, 37, who

also had served prison time forirug violations. was stabbed toieath in the bathroom of a FontesLane laborpcamp Dee. 22, 1976where he apparently was lured tobe executed. Potential evidenceit the scene was accidentallyiamaged by ambulance at-.endants who responded to the:ail_ and ar-rived before in-

V8$ll58l0!_�S.� loria Rocha Rice, iii.stabbed 94 times in an alley

1.86

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1 S;1inasCalifornian

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liedtion 2I are concern d to th te widow of Jack Rice. who was um owe,

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