section 3b putting numbers in perspective
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Section 3B Putting Numbers in Perspective. Pages 154-171. 3-B. Scientific Notation. Absolutely critical for very large and very small numbers Ex1/155 The federal debt is $9,100,000,000,000. The diameter of a hydrogen nucleus is 0.0000000000000001 meter. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Section 3BSection 3BPutting Numbers in Putting Numbers in
PerspectivePerspective
Pages 154-171Pages 154-171
Scientific NotationScientific NotationAbsolutely critical for very large and
very small numbersEx1/155
The federal debt is $9,100,000,000,000. The federal debt is $9,100,000,000,000.
The diameter of a hydrogen nucleus is The diameter of a hydrogen nucleus is 0.0000000000000001 meter.0.0000000000000001 meter.
Your calculators automatically use it!Your calculators automatically use it!
3-B
Scientific NotationScientific NotationScientific Notation is a format in which a
number is expressed as a number number betweenbetween 1 and 10 1 and 10 multiplied by a power of 10.
ExamplesExamples::
9,100,000,000,000 9,100,000,000,000 = 9.1 1012
= 9.1 E 12 (calculator)
0.0000000000000001 0.0000000000000001 = 1.0 1016
= 1 E -16 (calculator)
3-B
Scientific NotationScientific Notation
106 = 1 million = 1,000,000109 = 1 billion = 1,000,000,000
1012 = 1 trillion = 1,000,000,000,000
• The U.S. federal debt is about $9.1 The U.S. federal debt is about $9.1 trillion trillion ($9.1($9.1×10×101212))
3-B
Ordinary vs Scientific NotationOrdinary vs Scientific Notation
An exercise in powers of 10 and moving the An exercise in powers of 10 and moving the decimaldecimal
KEY:KEY:
X 10X 10((positivepositive pp) ) moves decimal p places to moves decimal p places to rightright..
X 10X 10((negativenegative pp) ) moves decimal p places to moves decimal p places to leftleft..
3-B
Conversion from scientific to Conversion from scientific to ordinaryordinary
Examples:Examples:1.7842 103
= 1784.2= 1784.2
2.111 107
= 21,110,000= 21,110,0009.1 10-4
= .00091= .00091
3-B
Conversion from ordinary to Conversion from ordinary to scientificscientific
Example:Example:1330
= 1.330 = 1.330 10 1033
.00000345
= 3.45 = 3.45 10 10-6-6
527 103
= 5.27 = 5.27 10 102 2 10 103 3 = 5.27= 5.27 10 1055
3-B
Using your CalculatorUsing your Calculator
Look for an “EE”“EE” key1.7842 1.7842 10 1033
1.7842 1.7842 EE EE 3 3 == 1784.2 1784.2 2.111 2.111 10 1077
2.111 2.111 EE EE 7 7 = = 2111000021110000
9.1 9.1 10 10-4-4 9.19.1 EEEE -4-4 == 0.00091 0.00091
10001000 = 1.0 x 10 = 1.0 x 1033
1.01.0 EEEE 33notnot (10)(10) EEEE 33
3-B
More PracticeMore Practice
25/16425/164 Convert from scientific to ordinary Convert from scientific to ordinary
27/16427/164 Convert from ordinary to scientific. Convert from ordinary to scientific.
33/16433/164 Total annual energy consumption in Total annual energy consumption in the US is about 100,000,000,000,000,000,000 the US is about 100,000,000,000,000,000,000 joules.joules.
35/16435/164 The hard drive on my computer has a The hard drive on my computer has a capacity of 12.0 gigabytes (recall ‘giga’ = capacity of 12.0 gigabytes (recall ‘giga’ = billion).billion).
37/16437/164 The diameter of a typical bacterium is The diameter of a typical bacterium is about 0.000001 meter.about 0.000001 meter.
Multiply or Dividing with scientific Multiply or Dividing with scientific notation:notation:Examples: 6200 x 300000(6.2 103)× (3 105) = (6.2×3)×(103×105)
= 18.6= 18.6×10×10(3+5) (3+5)
= 1.86= 1.86 ×10 x 10×10 x 1088 = 1.86 x 10 = 1.86 x 1099
420 4.2 102 = 4.2 × 102
.000084 8.4 10-5 8.4 10-5
= .5= .5×10×102-(-5) 2-(-5) = .5×10= .5×107 7
= 5.= 5.×10×10(-1) (-1) x 10x 107 7 = 5.0 x 10 = 5.0 x 1066
More Practice 29/168More Practice 29/168
3-B
Why Scientific Notation: Why Scientific Notation: ApproximationsApproximationsExample:Example:14927 14927 2213 2213
≈≈ 15000 15000 × 2000× 2000= (1.5= (1.5×10×1044)× (2 × 10)× (2 × 1033))= 3= 3×10×1077
= 30,000,000 (30 million)= 30,000,000 (30 million)check: 14927 2213 = 33,033,451
More Practice: Ex2/1558 million residents produce 1.8 lb or .0009 tons of trash each day. Estimate the total amount of trash produced each day. [225 tons?]
3-B
Why Scientific Notation: Calculator Why Scientific Notation: Calculator IssuesIssues
3-B
Total annual energy consumption in the US is Total annual energy consumption in the US is about 100,000,000,000,000,000,000 joules.about 100,000,000,000,000,000,000 joules.
Convert to kilowatt-hours.Convert to kilowatt-hours.
1100,000,000,000,000,000,000
3.6
kilowatt hourjoules
million joules
20
6
1 10
3.6 10kilowatt hours
= .278 x 1014 = 2.78 x 10(-1) x 1014 = 2.78 x 1013
Homework:Homework:
Pages 168Pages 168
# 26 28, 34, 36, 38, 40# 26 28, 34, 36, 38, 40