Section 3.1Properties of Matter

Substances

• Matter that has a uniform and unchanging composition

• Pure composition• Examples: table salt and water

Physical Properties of Matter• Characteristic that can be observed and measured

without changing composition• Good for describing substances• Examples:

• Density• Color• Odor• Taste• Melting Point• Boiling Point

Physical Property Chart

Two Types of Physical Properties

1. Extensive properties- depend upon the amount of substance

2. Intensive properties- independent of the amount of substance

Extensive or Intensive?

• Mass• Density• Length• Boiling Point

Which is better for identifying unknown substances?

Chemical Properties of Matter

• The ability of a substance to combine with or change into one or more other substances

Chemical Properties Chart

States of Matter

• Solid• Liquid• Gas

Solid

• Definite shape and volume• Tightly packed particles• Expands when heated• Not necessarily hard or rigid

Liquid

• Flowing matter• Constant volume• Takes shape of container• Particles are not as tightly packed• Particles can move past each other

Gas

• Matter that flows to conform to the shape of its container

• Fills entire container’s volume• Particles are not tightly packed• Easily compressed

Gas vs. Vapor

• Gas Substance naturally in the gaseous state at room temperature

» Carbon Dioxide

• Vapor Gaseous state of substance that is solid or liquid at room temperature

» Steam

States of Matter

Homework

• 1-5 on page 60• This will be handed in and graded!!