Second edition

Language in Use

Reading

Project

Culture Tips

Homework

Warming-up

Learning to learn

1. Listen to the song. What is the main message in these lines?

Warming-up

Warming-up

Life

is to

o

short

Have you ever seen the morning? When the sun comes up the shoreAnd the silence teach the beauty for the sound Have you ever set there waiting? For the time to stand still For all the worlds and stars From turning around And you run 'Cause life is too short And you run 'Cause life is too short

Have you ever seen the glory? When the moon is on the rise And the dreams are close To the ones that we love

Warming-up

Have you ever set there waiting? For heaven to give a sign So we could find the place Where angels come from

And you run (and you run) 'Cause life is too short And you run (and you run) 'Cause life is too short

There’s a time that turns Turn back time But I don’t see I can It only works If you believe in the truth

Warming-up

But there’s a time to live And a time to cry But if you’re by my side I will try to catch a star I’ll try to catch a star Just for you And I run Life is too short And I run (and I run) 'Cause life is too short

And I run And I run And I run And I run And I run …

Warming-up

2. Do you think you are managing your time well? Do the following quiz and you will find out. For each statement, indicate how you feel that way or do it, The scale:1=never, 2=seldom, 3=sometimes, 4=often, 5=always. Questions Scale

1. I feel worried about too many tasks and responsibilities. 1 2 3 4 5

2. I am very busy and impatient. 1 2 3 4 5

3. The closer the deadlines, the harder I work 1 2 3 4 5

4. I have to deal with too many task changes. 1 2 3 4 5

5. I feel there is too much information from mail, fax, e-mail and the Internet.

1 2 3 4 5

6. I have too many demands from people around me. 1 2 3 4 5

7. I don’t like turning over responsibility to others. 1 2 3 4 5

8. I find it difficult to focus on important things. 1 2 3 4 5

9. Worry robs me of my time and energy. 1 2 3 4 5

Warming-up

Questions Scale

10. I have difficulty in making decisions. 1 2 3 4 5

11. I’m frequently late for appointments or meetings. 1 2 3 4 5

12. My “B” and “C” priorities take so much time that I can’t get to the “A’s”.

1 2 3 4 5

13. I put things off until it’s too late. 1 2 3 4 5

14. I look at projects as a whole, rather than breaking them up into smaller units.

1 2 3 4 5

15. I don’t sleep well and do not feel rested in the morning. 1 2 3 4 5

16. I feel that my work does not reflect my vision, mission and values.

1 2 3 4 5

17. My behavior is different from what I truly believe. 1 2 3 4 5

18. Planning daily tasks is difficult for me. 1 2 3 4 5

19. I don’t have clear personal or career goals. 1 2 3 4 5

20. I find it difficult to keep a balance between work and life.

1 2 3 4 5

Warming-up

Score Method:

1-30 Time masterYou are doing a great job managing your time and life. Congratulations!

31-50 LearningYou are managing yourself and your time to a considerable extent. There is still room for improvement.

51-100 Red alert!Things may be spinning out of control. You need to change certain bad habits and learn new skills.

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Reading

Task 1 Pre-reading ActivitiesTask 1 Pre-reading Activities

Task 2 Reading ComprehensionTask 2 Reading Comprehension

Task 3 After-reading ActivitiesTask 3 After-reading Activities

Pre-reading Activities

Before you read, discuss the following questions in groups.

1. How do you manage your time? If you have a lot of things to do in a day, how will you deal with them?

2. Have you heard about the 80/20 principle before? What does it mean?

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Reading Comprehension

The 80/20 Principle and Time Management

1 In the early part of the 20th century, an economist named Vilfredo Pareto came up with a mathematical system that explained the unequal share of wealth in society. He determined that in most societies, 80 percent of the wealth is almost always held by 20 percent of the population. When the mathematical system was introduced by Pareto, a number of specialists in other fields noticed that it could be applied to different areas as well. By the 1940s, this system came to be known as the 80/20 principle.

Reading Comprehension

2 Over time, it eventually became what is called a universal principle. In a nutshell, the 80/20 principle states that 20 percent of anything will be important while 80 percent will be insignificant. This principle can be applied to virtually anything, whether it is business, economics, or science. The 80/20 principle always works both ways. If you have a warehouse filled with supplies, 20 percent of it will take up 80 percent of the space. If you are the manager of a sales department, the 80/20 principle should tell you that 80 percent of the sales you make will only come from 20 percent of your employees.

Reading Comprehension

3 When it comes to time management, the 80/20 principle states that you will want to focus on 20 percent of the most important things you need to get done. Of all the tasks you will carry out in a single day, only 20 percent of it will be truly relevant. This means that 80 percent of the things you will do are not as important. Your job is to find the 20 percent of tasks which are the most important. If you find that you are not able to complete all the tasks for a given day, you will want to make sure that these tasks do not belong to the 20 percent of the most important things that you need to get done.

Reading Comprehension

4 It should be easy to see why the 80/20 principle is important for time management. If you compare people who are successful with those who are not, you will often find that the unsuccessful people spent most of their time working on tasks that made up the 80 percent. They didn’t put an emphasis on things that made up the 20 percent, or they didn’t work on them at all. On a personal level, you may be wondering what things make up the 80 percent. The things that make up the 80 percent are dependent on your goals. Generally, they may include watching television, talking on the phone, going to parties or clubs, or doing anything else that is not related to your goals.

Reading Comprehension

5 Tasks that fall under the 20 percent are things that many people usually don’t like doing. However, it is this 20 percent that will play the most important part in your success or failure. Examples of general things which make up the 20 percent are doing taxes, market research, studying, or practice. While these tasks may be boring to many, they are the factors that will play a role in your success or failure. People who are successful will spend most of their time focusing on the 20 percent of things that really matter, and will not place their main energy on things that make up the 80 percent.

Reading Comprehension

6 The 80/20 principle is a simple, yet powerful tool. If you master it, you can apply it to any area of your life. When it comes to time management, you will want to find out the most important things which make up the 20 percent. Once you find them, focus your energy on them. This principle can only work if you focus on the right thing. If you focus on the 80 percent, you will fail every time. Whilst there is virtually no limit to the way the 80/20 principle can be used, it’s necessary to spend time studying where it can be applied in the different areas of your life.

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After-reading Activities

Do you agree or disagree

with the following

statements? Discuss with

your partners.

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After-reading Activities

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1.The 80/20 principle can be used anywhere.

2.You only need to do the 20 percent well and don’t care about the 80 percent.

3.Twenty percent of our time accounts for 80 percent of the work we accomplish.

4.The 80/20 principle implies that many things we do are not important.

Language in Use

22 Vocabulary Building22 Vocabulary Building

11 Grammar Development11 Grammar Development

Grammar Development

The use of will is very confusing for many English learners. For many students, will means the future tense. Actually, when we talk about a future event, we do not always use will, and when we use will, we are not always talking about the future. If you can find the time indicator for future happenings, will is used to mean a future action. However, if it is in a present situation, will is used to indicate a certain modality.

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Grammar Development

Fill in the blanks with the expressions below.

1. I you a copy immediately if you give me your number. 2. I you back as soon as I have some news. 3. Thank you, that’s very kind of you. I it. 4. Thanks for the money. I you back as soon as I can. 5. I’m fed up. My car again. 6. That dog barking. 7. The door’s broken. It properly now. 8. No, I’m sorry, I it. Please don’t ask me again. 9. If you need a hand moving the furniture, I you.10. Sara green vegetables. She doesn’t like them.

’ll fax won’t forget won’t stop won’t close ’ll pay

’ll help ’ll call won’t eat won’t do won’t start

Grammar Development

Grammar tips

will 有两大类用法，一是可以作助动词，表示将来时，二是作情态动词，表达某种情态。 表示单纯的将来时，用于第二、三人称（第一人称的单纯将来时，英国人用 shall , 美国人用 will ）意为“将（要 ), 会”。 用作情态动词时，可表达主观意志、推测、功能、习惯、询问、请求、命令等情态。

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Vocabulary Building

Back-formation refers to an abnormal type of word formation where a shorter word is derived by deleting an imagined affix from a longer form already in the language. Take televise for example. The word television appeared before televise . The first part of the word television was pulled out and analyzed as a root, even though no such root occurs elsewhere in the English language.

Vocabulary Building

A. Guess the words according to the back formation from the original words.

Original words Back formation words

editor

peddler

dry-cleaning

enthusiasm

laser

escalator

edit

escalate

lase

enthuse

dry-clean

peddle

Vocabulary Building

B. Complete the following sentences with the back formation of the original words in Exercise A.

1. The owners were certainly by the offer.2. A man on the corner was T-shirts and souvenirs.3. Today The Foxfire Magazine is still written, , and published by students. 4. They don’t want the fighting to into a full-scale war.5. My new shirt has a care label that says “ only”.6. This machine can strongly. So keep off it.

edited

escalate

lase

enthused

dry-clean

peddling

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Project

Can you manage your time better?

You need to understand what you are

really trying to achieve and prioritise

your efforts. This project should

increase your personal effectiveness

and productivity and make your study

and life more satisfying.

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Step 1

Step 2

Step 3Present to the class

Write an action list

Project

Talk to your neighbor

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Culture Tips

Time

Christina Henry

Time heals all pain

Time can bring you loss or gain

Time waits for none it seems

Time gives me time to heal

Time washes away the old

Time reveals things untold

Time can also cleanse the soul

Time is all we need

Time can age you, make you or break you

Time can stand still

Time can fly

Time is inevitable for you and for me

Time has always been very important. Poets, whether they are from Eastern or Western culture, have written numerous poems about time. Here is a poem for you to think about.

Time has always been very important. Poets, whether they are from Eastern or Western culture, have written numerous poems about time. Here is a poem for you to think about.

Learn to learning

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Make a study plan You can learn more and faster if you plan your studies. You need to introduce a deadline so that you know how quickly you need to reach a particular goal. And you also need to set yourself short-term goals within a particular timescale. These might be achievable on a daily or weekly basis. For example, your weekly goal might be to complete your studies of one unit of a course.

Learn to learning

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◊ Before you do your homework or go to class, take a few minutes to arrange your learning.

◊ Skim through the materials you are studying.

◊ Ask yourself what you already know about the topic or lesson and make a list of things you still need to learn.

◊ Use the list to make a simple study plan: what do you need to learn, how can you learn it and how much time do you need?

◊ The goals in each unit will help you focus on the most important things.

◊ Finally, use your plans and goals to check what you have learnt.

Fill in the Covey’s four-quadrant TO-DO every day

and finish your listed task follow the order in the

table.

Due SoonDue Soon Not Due SoonNot Due Soon

43

2ImportantImportant

NotImportant

NotImportant

1

Homework

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