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Chris Hadfield

CSA Astronaut

Nationality Canadian

Status Retired

Born Chris Austin Hadfield

29 August 1959 (age 54)

Sarnia, Ontario, Canada

Other occupation Test pilot

Rank Commander, CSA & NASA

Colonel, RCAF fighter pilot (retired)

Time in space 166 days

Selection 1992 CSA Group

Total EVAs 2

Total EVA time 14 hours 53 minutes and 38 seconds

Missions STS-74, STS-100, Soyuz TMA-07M, Expedition 34/35

Mission insignia

       

Chris Austin Hadfield OOnt   CD (born 29 August 1959) is a retired Canadian astronaut who was the first Canadian to walk in

space. An Engineer and former Royal Canadian Air Force fighter pilot, Hadfield has flown two space shuttle missions and

served as commander of the International Space Station.

Hadfield, who was raised on a farm in southern Ontario, was inspired as a child when he watched the Apollo 11 Moon

landing on TV. He attended high school in Oakville and Milton and earned his glider pilot licence as a member of the Royal

Canadian Air Cadets. He joined the Canadian Armed Forcesand earned an engineering degree at Royal Military College. While

in the military he learned to fly various types of aircraft and eventually became a test pilot and flew several experimental planes.

As part of an exchange program with the United States Navy and United States Air Force, he obtained a master's degree in

aviation systems at the University of Tennessee Space Institute.

In 1992, he was accepted into the Canadian astronaut program by the Canadian Space Agency. He first flew in space

aboard STS-74 in November 1995 as a mission specialist. During the mission he visited the Russian space station Mir. In April

2001 he flew again on STS-100 and visited the International Space Station (ISS), where he walked in space and helped to

install the Canadarm2. In December 2012 he flew for a third time aboardSoyuz TMA-07M and joined Expedition 34 on the ISS.

He was a member of this expedition until March 2013 when he became the commander of the ISS as part of Expedition 35. He

was responsible for a crew of five astronauts and helped to run dozens of scientific experiments dealing with the impact of low

gravity on human biology. During the mission he also gained popularity by chronicling life aboard the space station and taking

pictures of the earth and posting them through Twitter, Facebook and Tumblr to a large following of people around the world.

He was a guest on television news and talk shows and gained popularity by playing his guitar in space. His mission ended in

May 2013 when he returned to earth. Shortly after returning, he announced his retirement, capping a 35-year career as a

military pilot and an astronaut.

Contents

  [hide] 

1 Personal life

2 Education and military career

3 NASA experience

4 Space flights

o 4.1 STS-74

o 4.2 STS-100

o 4.3 International Space Station

4.3.1 Social media

4.3.2 Music

5 Post-retirement

6 Special honours and affiliations

7 References

o 7.1 Citations

o 7.2 Bibliography

8 External links

Personal life

Hadfield was born in Sarnia, Ontario. His parents are Roger and Eleanor Hadfield, who live in Milton, Ontario. Hadfield was

raised on a corn farm in southern Ontario and became interested in flying at a young age and in being an astronaut at age nine

when he saw the Apollo 11 Moon landing on television.[1][2] He is married to his high-school girlfriend Helene, and they have

three adult children: Kyle, Evan and Kristin Hadfield.[3] Hadfield used to be a ski instructor at Glen Eden Ski Areabefore

becoming a test pilot.[4]

Hadfield is of northern English and southern Scottish descent.[5] He is a devoted fan of the Toronto Maple Leafs and wore a

Leafs jersey under his spacesuit during his Soyuz TMA-07M reentry in May 2013.[6] He also sang the Canadian National

Anthem during the Toronto Maple Leafs and Montreal Canadiens game on 18 January 2014.

Education and military career

Hadfield attended White Oaks Secondary School in Oakville, Ontario until his senior year and then graduated as an Ontario

Scholar from Milton District High School in 1977. As a member of theRoyal Canadian Air Cadets, he earned a glider pilot

scholarship at age 15 and a powered pilot scholarship at age 16. After graduating from high school in 1978, he joined

the Canadian Armed Forces and spent two years at Royal Roads Military College followed by two years at the Royal Military

College, where he received a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering in 1982.[1] Before graduating, he also underwent

basic flight training at CFB Portage la Prairie. In 1983, he took honours as the top graduate from Basic Jet Training at CFB

Moose Jaw, and then went on to train as a tactical fighter pilot with 410 Tactical Fighter Operational Training Squadron at CFB

Cold Lake, flying the Canadair CF-116 Freedom Fighter and the McDonnell Douglas CF-18 Hornet. After completing his fighter

training, Hadfield flew CF-18 Hornets with 425 Tactical Fighter Squadron, flying intercept missions for NORAD. He was the first

CF-18 pilot to intercept a Soviet Tupolev Tu 95 long-range bomber in the Canadian Arctic.[7]

In the late 1980s, Hadfield attended the U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School at Edwards Air Force Base and served as an

exchange officer with the U.S. Navy at Strike Test Directorate at thePatuxent River Naval Air Station. His accomplishments

from 1989 to 1992 included testing the McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet and LTV A-7 Corsair II aircraft; performing research

work with NASA on pitch control margin simulation and flight; completing the first military flight of F/A-18 enhanced

performance engines; piloting the first flight test of the National Aerospace Plane external burning hydrogen propulsion engine;

developing a new handling qualities rating scale for high angle-of-attack test; and participating in the F/A-18 out-of-control

recovery test program.

In May 1992, Hadfield graduated with a master's degree in aviation systems from the University of Tennessee Space Institute,

where his thesis concerned high-angle attack aerodynamics of theF/A-18 Hornet fighter jet.[8] In total, Hadfield has flown over

70 different types of aircraft.

NASA experience

Chris Hadfield in 2012

Hadfield was selected to become one of four new Canadian astronauts from a field of 5,330 applicants in June 1992. Three of

those four (Dafydd Williams , Julie Payette and Hadfield) have flown in space. He was assigned by the Canadian Space

Agency (CSA) to the NASA Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas in August, where he addressed technical and safety

issues for Shuttle Operations Development, contributed to the development of the glass shuttle cockpit, and supported shuttle

launches at the Kennedy Space Center, in Florida. In addition, Hadfield was NASA's Chief CAPCOM, the voice of mission

control to astronauts in orbit, for 25 space shuttle missions. From 1996 to 2000, he represented CSA astronauts and

coordinated their activities as the Chief Astronaut for the CSA.[7]

He was the Director of Operations for NASA at the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonauts Training Center (GCTC) in Star City, Russia from

2001 until 2003. Some of his duties included coordination and direction of all International Space Station crew activities in

Russia, oversight of training and crew support staff, as well as policy negotiation with the Russian Space Program and other

International Partners. He also trained and became fully qualified to be a flight engineer cosmonaut in the Soyuz TMA

spacecraft, and to perform spacewalks in the Russian Orlan spacesuit.

Hadfield is a civilian ISI[clarification needed] astronaut, having retired as a colonel from the Canadian Armed Forces in 2003 after 25

years of military service. He was Chief of Robotics for the NASA Astronaut Office at the Johnson Space Center in Houston,

Texas from 2003–2006 and was Chief of International Space Station Operations from 2006–2008. In 2008 and 2009, he trained

as a back-up to Robert Thirsk on the Expedition 21 mission.[9] In May 2010, Hadfield served as the commander of the NEEMO

14 mission aboard the Aquarius underwater laboratory, living and working underwater for fourteen days.[10][11] NASA announced

in 2010 that Hadfield would become the first Canadian commander of the International Space Station, leading Expedition

35 after its launch on 19 December 2012.[12] His craft docked with the station on 21 December. He remained on the station for

five months, transferring control to Pavel Vinogradov  and departing on 13 May 2013.[13]

In June 2013, one month after completing his third trip to space, Hadfield announced his retirement from the Canadian Space

Agency, effective 3 July 2013.[14] Hadfield stated that after living primarily in the United States since the 1980s for his career, he

would be moving back to Canada, "making good on a promise I made my wife nearly 30 years ago — that yes, eventually, we

would be moving back to Canada."[14] He noted that he plans to pursue private interests outside government there.[14]

Hadfield is enthusiastic about the prospects for a manned mission to Mars, and when asked in 2011 if he would consider a one-

way journey to Mars to be the first to visit, he said "I would be honoured to be given the opportunity."[15]

Space flights

STS-74

Main article: STS-74

Hadfield served as Mission Specialist 1 on STS-74 in November 1995. It was NASA's second space shuttle mission to

rendezvous and dock with the Russian Space Station Mir. During the flight, the crew of Space Shuttle Atlantis attached a five-

tonne docking module to Mir and transferred over 1,000 kg of food, water, and scientific supplies to the cosmonauts. Hadfield

flew as the first Canadian to operate the Canadarm in orbit, and the only Canadian ever to board Mir.[7]

STS-100

Main article: STS-100

Hadfield spacewalking during the STS-100 mission

In April 2001, Hadfield served as Mission Specialist 1 on STS-100, International Space Station (ISS) assembly Flight 6A. The

crew of Space Shuttle Endeavour  delivered and installed Canadarm2, the new Canadian-built robotic arm, as well as the Italian-

made resupply module Raffaello. During the 11-day flight, Hadfield performed two spacewalks, which made him the first

Canadian to ever leave a spacecraft and float freely in space. During his first spacewalk Hadfield experienced severe eye

irritation due to the anti-fog solution used to polish his spacesuit visor, temporarily blinding him and forcing him to vent oxygen

into space. In total, Hadfield spent 14 hours, 50 minutes outside, travelling 10 times around the world during his spacewalk.[7][16]

International Space Station

Hadfield answering media questions during unveiling of the Canadian $5 Frontier Series banknote during Expedition 35 on 30 April 2013

Main articles: Soyuz TMA-07M , Expedition 34 , and Expedition 35

On 19 December 2012, Hadfield launched in the Soyuz TMA-07M flight for a long duration stay on board the ISS as part of

Expedition 35. He arrived at the station two days later, as scheduled,[17] and became the first Canadian to command the ISS

when the crew of Expedition 34 departed in March 2013.[18] On 12 May 2013 he turned over command of the ISS, and returned

home aboard the Soyuz spacecraft on 13 May.[19] He received significant media exposure during his time on the ISS, and

ended his time on the station by paying tribute to David Bowie with a rendition of "Space Oddity".[20]

Social media

Hadfield was described as "perhaps the most social media savvy astronaut ever to leave Earth" by Forbes after building a

considerable audience onsocial media, including over 1,000,000 Twitter followers as of June 2013,[21] and creating one of the

top Reddit AmA  threads of all time.[22] He also has a popular Tumblr blog.[23] His exchanges with William Shatner and other Star

Trek actors received media coverage.[24] Hadfield has enlisted the help of his web-savvy son Evan to manage his social media

presence.[25][26]

Music

During his free time on Expedition 35, Hadfield recorded music for an album, using the Larrivée Parlor  guitar previously brought

to the ISS.[27] The first song recorded in space, Jewel in the Night, was released via YouTube on Christmas Eve 2012.[28][29] His

collaboration with Ed Robertson of theBarenaked Ladies and the Wexford Gleeks, Is Somebody Singing? (sometimes

shortened I.S.S.), was aired on the CBC Radio program Q and released by CBC Music online on 8 February 2013.[30] Hadfield

sang Is Somebody Singing along with singers across Canada for the national Music Monday program.[31][32] Hadfield has been

credited musically on his brother Dave Hadfield's albums.

On 12 May 2013, after handing over command of the ISS, but before returning home, Hadfield released a music video recorded

on the ISS of a modified rendition of "Space Oddity" by David Bowie.[33][34] The video has over 20 million views on YouTube. The

performance was the subject of a piece byGlenn Fleishman in The Economist on 22 May 2013 analyzing the legal implications

of publicly performing a copyrighted work of music while in earth orbit.[35]

Post-retirement

In October 2013 Hadfield was interviewed by Maclean's Magazine and appeared on its cover good-naturedly agreeing to their

request that he let them apply face make-up to "replicate Bowie's famed image from the cover of his Aladdin

Sane album."[36] Hadfield wrote an article for the December 2013 edition of Wired Magazine in which he reflects on his time

spent on the International Space Station.[37]

On 8 October 2013 the University of Waterloo announced that Hadfield will join the university as a professor for a three-year

term beginning in the Fall of 2014. Hadfield's work is expected to involve instructing and advising roles in aviation programs

offered by the Faculty of Environment and Faculty of Science, as well as assisting in ongoing research regarding the health of

astronauts with theFaculty of Applied Health Sciences.[38]

In 2013 Hadfield published a memoir, An Astronaut's Guide to Life on Earth.[39] The book was a New York

Times bestseller [40]  and was also the bestselling book in Canada on a Canadian subject.[41]

Special honours and affiliations

Hadfield is the recipient of numerous awards and special honours. These include appointment to the Order of Ontario in 1996,

[42] receipt of the Vanier Award in 2001, NASA Exceptional Service Medal in 2002, the Queen's Golden Jubilee Medal in 2002

and the Queen's Diamond Jubilee Medal in 2012. He is also the only Canadian to have received both a military and

civilian Meritorious Service Cross, the military medal in 2001 and the civilian one in 2013.[43] In 1988, Hadfield was granted the

Liethen-Tittle Award (top pilot graduate of the USAF Test Pilot School) and was named US Navy Test Pilot of the Year in 1991.

He was inducted into Canada's Aviation Hall of Fame in 2005 and Commemorated on Royal Canadian Mint silver and gold

coins for his spacewalk to installCanadarm2 on the International Space Station in 2001.[7] Further, the Royal Military College

granted Hadfield an honorary Doctorate of Engineering in 1996 and he was presented with an honorary Doctorate of Laws

from Trent University three years later. In 2013, Hadfield was presented with an Honorary Diploma from Nova Scotia

Community College.[44] Upon his taking command of the International Space Station, Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada, sent

Hadfield a personal message of congratulations, stating "I am pleased to transmit my personal best wishes, and those of all

Canadians, to Colonel Christopher Hadfield as he takes command of the International Space Station..."[45]

His affiliations include the membership in the Royal Military College Club, Society of Experimental Test Pilots, and Canadian

Aeronautics and Space Institute and serving as honorary patron ofLambton College, former trustee of Lakefield College School,

board member of the International Space School Foundation, and executive with the Association of Space Explorers.

In Sarnia, the city airport was renamed to Sarnia Chris Hadfield Airport in 1997[46] and he has two public schools named after

him - one in Milton, Ontario and the other in Bradford, Ontario.[47][48]Asteroid 14143 Hadfield is also named after him.

In 2005, 820 Milton Blue Thunder Squadron was renamed 820 Chris Hadfield Squadron in honour of Hadfield, who was a cadet

there from 1971 to 1978.[49]

References

 This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the National Aeronautics and Space

Administration.

Citations

1. ^ Jump up to:a b Davidson, Janet. Chris Hadfield ready for 'surreal' space station

odyssey: Astronaut in quarantine before blasting off in Russian capsule, CBC News,

7 December 2012. Retrieved from the CBC.ca news website 7 December 2012.

2. Jump up^ Hadfield, Chris (2013). An Astronaut's Guide to Life on Earth: What

Going to Space Taught Me About Ingenuity, Determination, and Being Prepared for

Anything. New York City: Little, Brown and Company. pp. 2–6. ISBN 978-0-316-

25301-7. LCCN 2013943519.

3. Jump up^ An Astronaut's Guide to Life on Earth (Hadfield), pp. 7-10, 289.

4. Jump up^ "Hadfield personal Twitter Account". Retrieved 25 October 2013.

5. Jump up^ An Astronaut's Guide to Life on Earth (Hadfield), p. 91.

6. Jump up^ An Astronaut's Guide to Life on Earth (Hadfield), p. 254.

7. ^ Jump up to:a b c d e "Biography of Chris Hadfield". Canadian Space Agency. 13 April

2013.

8. Jump up^ "UTSI Grad Aboard Atlantis Space Shuttle" (Press release). University of

Tennessee Knoxville. 14 November 1995. Retrieved 27 June 2013.

9. Jump up^ "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz TMA-15". Spacefacts.de. Retrieved 2

September 2010.

10. Jump up^ NASA (9 July 2010). "NASA – NEEMO 14". NASA. Retrieved 26

September 2011.

11. Jump up^ Alexander, Aaron (2010). "Archive for the 'NEEMO 14' Mission". NURC.

Retrieved 26 September 2011.

12. Jump up^ Andrew Chung (2 September 2010). "Space: A (partly) Canadian

frontier". Toronto Star.

13. Jump up^ Irvine, Chris (13 May 2013), "Astronaut Chris Hadfield returns to

Earth", The Daily Telegraph, retrieved 2013-05-13

14. ^ Jump up to:a b c Canadian Press (10 June 2013), "Astronaut Chris Hadfield to retire

from Canadian Space Agency", The Toronto Star, retrieved 10 June 2013

15. Jump up^ "I am an astronaut who has been to space twice...". Reddit. Retrieved 30

August 2011.

16. Jump up^ An Astronaut's Guide to Life on Earth (Hadfield), pp. 86-96.

17. Jump up^ "New Expedition 34 Crew Members Welcomed Aboard Station". NASA.

Retrieved 24 December 2012.

18. Jump up^ "First Canadian ISS Commander Named". Aviation Week. 3 September

2010.

19. Jump up^ "Astronaut Chris Hadfield returns to Earth". Telegraph. 13 May 2013.

20. Jump up^ Knapp, Alex (13 May 2013). "Astronaut Chris Hadfield Sings David

Bowie As He Departs The International Space Station". Forbes. Retrieved 29 May

2013.

21. Jump up^ "Chris Hadfield Verified account:@Cmdr_Hadfield". twitter.com.

Retrieved 30 April 2013.

22. Jump up^ Kantrowitz, Alex (18 February 2013). "Five Highlights From Commander

Chris Hadfield's Reddit AMA From Space".Forbes.

23. Jump up^ "Col. Chris Hadfield". Tumblr.com.

24. Jump up^ "'Star Trek' Actors Beams Hellos to Astronaut in Space". Space.com. 7

February 2013.

25. Jump up^ Woods, Allan (22 February 2013). "Chris Hadfield: the superstar

astronaut taking social media by storm". The Guardian.

26. Jump up^ An Astronaut's Guide to Life on Earth (Hadfield), pp. 223-226, 229-231.

27. Jump up^ Chris Hadfield (5 January 2013). "Cmdr. Chris Hadfield on pickin'

Larrivée Parlor in Space". Retrieved 8 February 2013.

28. Jump up^ Shaina Pearlman (28 December 2012).  with Lawrence Krauss, Donna

Shirley, Chris McKay,