science in the body

8/2/2019 Science in the Body

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18 Se temberRachel Patricia B.

SCIENCE IN THE BODYThe Teaching of Science for Practical Understanding

Rachel Patricia B.

Ramirez


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18 Se temberRachel Patricia B. Ramirez, UP

MATERIALS

Potato cubes

Agua oxygenada (H2O2 solution)

Plastic cup

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PROCEDURE

1. Put small potato cubes in the cup.

2. Pour agua oxygenada (H2O2 solution) intothe potato cubes. Observe.

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SCIENCE CONCEPTS

Agua oxygenada is a solution of hydrogenperoxide (H2O2).

It decomposes very slowly into water (H2O)and oxygen (O2) gas under normal

conditions.

2H2O2 2H2O + O2 (g)

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SCIENCE CONCEPTS

Potato contains a catalyst, which speeds upthe reaction.

This is shown by the rapid production ofbubbles of oxygen gas.

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DEMO TIPS!

Add small amount of liquid detergent to thepotato before pouring the agua oxygenada

for a more spectacular foaming.

Use fresh chicken liver instead of potato for

an even more rapid decomposition.

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7/4218 Se temberRachel Patricia B. Ramirez, UP

fINGERPRINTS

MATERIALS

Carbon paper

Clear adhesive tape

Index card

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fINGERPRINTS

PROCEDURE

1. Press your thumb on the black surface of acarbon paper.

2. Place a piece of clear adhesive on themarked surface, then immediately lift thetape straight up from your thumb.

3. Tape the adhesive on a clean white paperand label.

4. Do steps 1 to 3 for your other four fingers,placing the prints in order across the paper.

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fINGERPRINTS

PROCEDURE

5. Observe yourfingerprints with

a magnifyingglass.

6. Identify thepatterns in each

by comparingthem with thefigure on theright.

7. Compare your

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fINGERPRINTS

SCIENCE CONCEPTS

Each finger has aunique fingerprint.

Each individual has aunique set offingerprints.

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fINGERPRINTS

FUN FACTS

Zebra

No animal has amoredistinctive coatthan the zebra.

Each animal'sstripes are asunique asfingerprints.

No two are

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YEAST FEAST

MATERIALS

Yeast

Water

Sugar

Salt

Cooking oil4 plastic bottles (same size)

4 balloons (same size)

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YEAST FEAST

PROCEDURE

1. Place teaspoon of active dry yeast in eachof the four identical plastic bottles.

2. Pour 1 cup of slightly warm water into eachbottle. Label the bottles A to D.

3. Into bottle A, add 2 teaspoons of sugar.

4. Into bottle B, add 2 teaspoons of salt.

5. Into bottle C, add 2 teaspoons of cooking oil.

6. Do not put anything into bottle D.

This serves as the control.

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YEAST FEAST

PROCEDURE

7. Place a balloon over the neck of eachbottle.

8. Place the bottles in a warm dry area.

9. After 3045 minutes, observe the balloons.

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YEAST FEAST

SCIENCE CONCEPTS

Yeast are microscopic, single-celled fungi.

Yeast contain enzymes that convertcarbohydrates (like starch and sugar) tocarbon dioxide gas and alcohol.

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PAIR WORK

MATERIALS

Index card (5x8)

Scissors

String

Metal fastener

TapePuncher

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PAIR WORK

PROCEDURE

1. Cut a 5x8 index card in half lengthwise.

2. Attach the two cards on one corner using ametal fastener. One half card is the foot,and the other half card is the leg.

3. Punch two holes

near the top of

the leg bone

card. Label the

holes A and B.

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PAIR WORK

PROCEDURE

4. Thread a 15 cm long string through eachhole (string A and string B).

5. Attach the strings to the base of the footcard.

6. Pull up string A. Observe the foot card and

string B.7. Pull up string B. Observe the foot card and

string A.

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PAIR WORK

SCIENCE CONCEPTS

Skeletal muscles work in pairs to move bonesback and forth.

When one muscle contracts, the oppositemuscle must relax.

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REACTION TIME SCIE

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MATERIALS

Meterstick

Pencil

Paper



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PROCEDURE

1. Work with a partner. Sit facing yourpartner as he or she stands.

2. Have your partner hold the top of ameterstick above your hand.

3. Hold your thumb and index finger about 2.5

cm away from either side of the lower endof the meterstick without touching it.



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PROCEDURE

4. Tell your partner to drop the meterstickstraight down between your fingers.

5. Catch the meterstick between your thumband finger as soon at it begins to fall.

6. Measure how far it falls before you catch it.

Practice several times.7. Run ten trials, recording the number of

centimeters the meterstick drops eachtime.



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PROCEDURE

8. Repeat the experiment, this time countingbackwards from 100 by fives (100, 95,

90, . . . .) as you wait for your partner torelease the meterstick.

9. Switch roles and drop the meterstick foryour partner.



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SCIENCE CONCEPTS

The peripheral nervous system carriesimpulses between the body and the central

nervous system (CNS). It can be separatedinto two divisionsthe somatic nervoussystem and the autonomic nervous system.

The nerves of the somatic nervous system

relay information mainly between your skin,the CNS, and skeletal muscles.



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SCIENCE CONCEPTS

The pathway in the somatic system isvoluntary.

This means you can decide whether or not tomove body parts under the control of thissystem.

In the experiment, as you learn to anticipatethe drop, you reaction time improves.

Distracting stimulus (like countingbackwards) can affect reaction time.


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MATERIALS

Timer or watch

Pencil

Paper

PULSE RATE


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PROCEDURE

1. Have a classmate take your resting pulsefor 60 seconds while you are sitting.

Record your pulse.2. Take four readings of your pulse.

3. Switch roles and take your classmates

resting pulse.4. Exercise by doing jumping jacks for one

minute.

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PROCEDURE

5. Have your classmate take your pulse for 60seconds immediately after exercising.

Record.6. Repeat steps 3 and 4 four more times.

7. Switch roles again with your classmate.

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SCIENCE CONCEPTS

The heart speeds up when the blood volumereaching your right atrium increases. It also

speeds up when the level of carbon dioxidein the blood rises.

The number of heartbeats per minute is theheart rate.

Heart rate can be measured by taking thepulse.

Resting pulse is around 80-90 beats per

minute.


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MATERIALS

Stress ball

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PROCEDURE

1. Squeeze a rubber ball hard, and thenrelease it. Predict how many times you

can squeeze the ball in one minute.2. While a group member times you, count

how many times you can squeeze the ballin one minute. Record.

3. Try to squeeze the ball 70 times in oneminute. See how long you can continue atthat rate. Record.


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SCIENCE CONCEPTS

On average, the heart beats about 70 timesper minute.

Muscles (in hand) get tired (squeezing theball).

The heart is made of a different kind of

muscle (cardiac).


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A BREATHING MACHINE SCIE

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MATERIALS

Large empty plastic bottle

Scissors

Large balloon

Small balloon


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PROCEDURE

1. Cut a plastic bottle about midway.

2. Pull the opening of a small balloon over the

mouth of the plastic bottle.

3. Cut the neck of a large balloon. Stretchthe balloon over the cut end of the bottleand secure with tape.

4. Pull down the large balloon. Observe whathappens to the small balloon.

5. Push up on the large balloon. Observe

what happens to the small balloon.


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SCIENCE CONCEPTS


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18 Se temberRachel Patricia B.

I WONDER

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I WONDER


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Your eyes makes tears all the time, not onlywhen you cry.

Blinking spreads the tears across your eyes

and stops them from drying out and gettingsore.

A blink lasts for about one-third of a second.

You do it thousand of times a day.

Why I blink?I WONDER

I WONDER


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Dust, powder or pollen getting into your nosemakes you sneeze. These foreign particlesirritate or tickle the inside of your nose.

Sneezing helps your body get rid of theseairborne particles.

Your lungs shoot air out, clearing your nose.

Why I sneeze?I WONDER

I WONDER


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Hiccups start at the diaphragm, a dome-shaped muscle at the bottom of your chest,which help you breathe.

You hiccup when the diaphragm becomesirritated.

When this happens, it pulls down really hard,which makes you suck air into your throat

suddenly.

What makes me hiccup?I WONDER

I WONDER


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To stop too much airrushing in, a flap at thetop of your windpipeclamps down.

This closes off the air flowso quickly that your whole

body jerks.

What makes me hiccup?I WONDER


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SOURCES

http://sciencehack.com/videos/view/4mxqGF9JZHI

video on What do yeast like to eat?

http://year5rc.edublogs.org/2010/06/02/the-science-of-yeast/

http://kidshealth.org/kid/talk/qa/hiccup.html

Biggs, A. et al. (2000). Biology: The Dynamics of Life. NewYork, NY: Glencoe.

Kaskel, A., Hummer, P.J.Jr., and Daniel, L. (1992). Biology:An Everyday Experience. New York, NY: Glencoe.

Avison, B. (1993) I Wonder Why: My Tummy Rumbles.Danbury, CT: Grolier Inc.

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