sca latvijas meži
TRANSCRIPT
APPROVED
by order No.
of
"SCA Latvijas meži" SIA
Forest Management Plan
2019-2023
Updated:
Date Version
19.09.2019 V1.0
22.04.2020 V2.0
17.03.2021 V3.0
Valmiera, 2019
2
Table of contents
Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................................. 4
1. Description of the holding ................................................................................................................................................... 5
Description of forest stands ............................................................................................................................................ 6
Protected nature territories ............................................................................................................................................ 10
Principles of high conservation value forest management ............................................................................................ 12
Biologically high conservation value forest stands (HCV 3) ........................................................................................ 13
Endangered species and their habitats .......................................................................................................................... 13
Ecological functions of the forest* ............................................................................................................................... 15
Objects of cultural and historical and/or archaeological value ..................................................................................... 15
Non-timber forest resources .......................................................................................................................................... 15
Recreation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 16
Description of the fauna ................................................................................................................................................ 16
Description of adjacent lands ........................................................................................................................................ 17
Forest management goals........................................................................................................................................................... 19
Long-term goals of the company .................................................................................................................................. 19
Methods for achieving long-term goals ........................................................................................................................ 19
3. Description of forest management system ........................................................................................................................ 20
a) Wet forest management ................................................................................................................................................ 21
b) Forest thinning and reforestation .................................................................................................................................. 21
c) Machinery and technology used in felling .................................................................................................................... 22
d) Labour protection ......................................................................................................................................................... 22
4. Substantiation of annual felling amount and species selection ......................................................................................... 22
5. Forest growth dynamics and monitoring ........................................................................................................................... 24
6. Environmental protection measures .................................................................................................................................. 33
Trees and forest structures to be preserved ................................................................................................................... 33
Seasonal protection measures ....................................................................................................................................... 34
Fire safety ..................................................................................................................................................................... 34
7. Identification and protection of rare, endangered and vanishing species .......................................................................... 36
8. Annex ................................................................................................................................................................................ 36
Guidelines for retaining biomass and trees to be preserved in the felling site ........................................................................... 43
Retaining trees to be preserved in the felling site ...................................................................................................................... 43
Retaining fallen and dry trees in the felling site ........................................................................................................................ 43
Placement of ecological values .................................................................................................................................................. 44
Guidelines for the Protection of Water in Forest Operations ..................................................................................................... 44
Forest management guidelines ................................................................................................................................................... 45
a) Wet forest management ................................................................................................................................................ 45
b) Forest thinning and reforestation .................................................................................................................................. 45
c) Machinery and technology used in felling .................................................................................................................... 46
d) Labour protection ......................................................................................................................................................... 46
Guidelines for the construction, maintenance and closure of forest roads ................................................................................. 46
Procedure for mapping forest areas and marking land boundaries ............................................................................................ 47
Guidelines for minimizing soil damage ..................................................................................................................................... 49
Requirements for reducing environmental pollution ................................................................................................................. 50
3
Procedures for recording plant protection products, conducting necessary training and use of labour safety equipment for
persons working with the plant protection products. ................................................................................................................. 54
9. Confidential part of the FMP ............................................................................................................................................ 56
Endangered species and their habitats .................................................................................................................................... 56
Quantitative data to be included over time in the FMP .......................................................................................................... 57
4
Introduction
“SCA Latvijas Meži” SIA (hereinafter referred to as LM) is a subsidiary of SCA Graphic Sundsvall
AB and is a part of the group of the Head of the Forest Management Group, which includes forest
areas of SCA Graphic Sundsvall AB subsidiaries in Latvia. The Forest Management Plan
(hereinafter referred to as the FMP) contains the results of the forest management planning process,
including forest management goals, resource assessment, planned and performed activities, as well
as references to SCA LM internal regulations. The goal of the SCA LM Group is to manage forest
holdings by promoting sustainable forest management in Latvian forests.
The FMP summary is publicly available on www.sca.com. It is discussed with the stakeholders
at least every 5 years or whenever significant changes occur in forest management techniques. The
management plan is updated at least once a year. The FMP summary complies with the
requirements of the legislative enactments of the Republic of Latvia and the forest management
standards. Upon developing the FMP, the compliance of the SCS Global Services Interim Forest
Management Standard (V4.1 March 2016) and PEFC Forest Management Certification Standard
for Latvia with the existing legislation was assessed and no conflictive situations were identified. A
reassessment will be carried out whenever the FMP is updated. By approving this document, SCA
LM undertakes to comply with the principles and criteria of FSC® (SCS-FM/COC-006949) and
PEFC™, as well as with all applicable legal requirements of the Republic of Latvia, and requires
the same commitment from all outsourcing service providers. The Head of the Group is responsible
for the content of this FMP, and it is approved by the Certification Officer. If you have any
questions or comments regarding this FMP, please email them to: [email protected].
5
1. Description of the holding
This chapter provides information on resources of the forests to be managed, environmental restrictions, land
use and ownership status, socio-economic conditions, and a description of adjacent lands.
SCA LM manages its own forests in the territory of Latvia. At the time of updating this FMP, five new members of
the group is included in the scope of the certificate:
1.
"SCA Latvijas meži" SIA, legal address: Rigas (Rīgas) iela 103,
Valmiera, LV-4201, Reg. No. 40103282492 LM Head of the group
2.
“SCA Baltijas meži ” SIA Legal address: Rigas (Rīgas) iela 103,
Valmiera, LV-4201, Reg. No. 44103055164 BM Joined the group on:
19.09.2019
3.
“SCA Vidzemes meži” LLC Legal address:
Rigas (Rīgas) iela 103, Valmiera, LV-4201, Reg. No. 44103055164 VM Joined the group on:
08.11.2019
4. “SCA Maltas mežš” SIA Legal address:
Rigas (Rīgas) iela 103, Valmiera, LV-4201, Reg. No. 50103282051
MM Joined the group on:
18.08.2020
5. “SCA Phoenix AM East” SIA Legal address:
Rigas (Rīgas) iela 103, Valmiera, LV-4201, Reg. No. 50203253701
AME Joined the group on:
18.08.2020
6. “SCA Phoenix AM Latvia” SIA Legal address:
Rigas (Rīgas) iela 103, Valmiera, LV-4201, Reg. No. 40203253714
AML Joined the group on:
18.08.2020
7. “SCA Phoenix IM” SIA Legal address:
Rigas (Rīgas) iela 103, Valmiera, LV-4201, Reg. No. 40203254870
IM Joined the group on:
25.08.2020
8. “SCA Phoenix NM” SIA Legal address:
Rigas (Rīgas) iela 103, Valmiera, LV-4201, Reg. No. 40203254921
NM Joined the group on:
25.08.2020
Activities intentionally violating FSC principles and criteria are not performed in the territories outside the scope of
the certificate. All disputes arising out of ownership or usage rights are documented.
6
1. Location of land owned by “LM” in Latvia
2. Location of land owned by “BM” in Latvia
7
3. Location of land owned by “VM” in Latvia
4. Location of land owned by “MM” in Latvia
8
5. Location of land owned by “AME” in Latvia
6. Location of land owned by “AML” in Latvia
9
7. Location of land owned by “IM” in Latvia
8. Location of land owned by “NM” in Latvia
10
a) Description of forest stands
Forest area total (ha):
Company name
Company name
short Total foreast area, ha
SCA Latvijas Meži SIA LM 5151,03
SCA Baltijas Meži SIA BM 3962,01
SCA Vidzemes Meži SIA VM 8680,07
SCA Maltas mežs SIA MM 142,07
SCA Phoenix AM East SIA AME 4409,91
SCA Phoenix AM Latvia SIA AML 5502,31
SCA Phoenix IM SIA IM 2495,78
SCA Phoenix NM SIA NM 2086,07
Total: 32429,25
The breakdown of the Group members' territory by land categories (ha) is
provided in the table below:
Company
Bea
ver
in
un
dat
ion
-Beb
ru
app
lūd
ināj
um
s
Bo
g-
Sūn
u p
urv
s
Cle
arcu
t- I
zcir
tum
s
Ex
tin
ct f
ore
st-
Iznīk
usi
mež
aud
ze
Flo
od
ed a
reas
- P
ārplū
sto
šs
kla
jum
s
Fo
rest
sta
nd
- M
ežau
dze
Gra
ssla
nd
sw
amp
- Z
āļu
pu
rvs
Pla
cec
in f
ore
st w
ith
sm
all
fiel
d -
Mež
a la
uce
San
ds-
Sm
iltā
js
Tim
ber
sto
rag
e p
lace
-
Ko
km
ater
iālu
kra
utu
ves
vie
ta
Tra
nsi
tion
mir
e (b
etw
een
bog
and
oth
er a
rea)
- P
ārej
as p
urv
s
Wil
dli
fe f
eed
ing g
roun
d-
Mež
a d
zīv
nie
ku
bar
oša
nas
lau
ce
Gra
nd
Tota
l
AME 17,42 15,74 232,54 0 125,61 3582,95 151,17 166,85 0 0 86,97 30,66 4409,91
AML 21,01 9,36 224,83 0,56 74,68 4807,44 126,07 129,75 0 0,02 102,50 6,09 5502,31
BM 22,87 4,10 170,49 1,90 1,90 3674,84 37,15 45,54 0 0 2,53 0,69 3962,01
IM 30,88 43,45 3,56 1,98 4,65 2327,21 65,71 15,46 0 0 0,16 2,72 2495,78
LM 31,66 1,16 281,84 3,52 19,82 4677,14 63,72 50,63 2,12 0 8,00 11,42 5151,03
MM 3,00 0 0 0 0 136,82 1,04 0,88 0 0 0 0,33 142,07
NM 37,45 0,94 16,64 0 29,62 1902,73 69,97 8,22 0,13 0 18,07 2,30 2086,07
VM 38,54 21,99 382,40 2,13 26,46 8051,42 63,85 59,61 8,72 0 3,53 21,42 8680,07
Grand Total 202,83 96,74 1312,30 10,09 282,74 29160,55 578,68 476,94 10,97 0,02 221,76 75,63 32429,25
11
The breakdown of the Group members' territory by dominant species (ha) is provided in
the table below:
Company name Pine -
Priede
Spruce -
Egle
Birch -
Bērzs
Black alder
-
Melnalksnis
Aspen -
Apse
Gray alder
-
Baltalksnis
Other Grand Total
AME 228,96 322,97 1181,97 174,41 372,29 1209,09 920,22 4409,91
AML 959,14 345,68 1994,12 293,35 593,57 569,91 746,54 5502,31
BM 221,04 676,48 1511,28 140,07 623,03 451,84 338,27 3962,01
IM 76,76 1052,00 734,92 161,46 137,33 151,16 182,15 2495,78
LM 545,37 631,49 1962,96 120,25 580,68 786,54 523,74 5151,03
MM 15,45 18,26 43,65 0,20 24,71 32,55 7,25 142,07
NM 144,11 799,84 458,39 140,14 197,57 144,07 201,95 2086,07
VM 646,47 1392,21 3476,61 195,05 845,53 1449,75 674,45 8680,07
Grand Total 2837,30 5238,93 11363,90 1224,93 3374,71 4794,91 3594,57 32429,25
12
Territory breakdown by age groups (ha):
Species Age group AME AML BM IM LM MM NM VM Grand Total
Pin
e
Mature forest 47,76 255,79 48,45 15,74 159,91 5,84 15,85 171,35 720,69
Young stand 53,99 179,31 72,92 45,36 112,05 1,30 83,65 203,31 751,89
Overgrown 0 2,35 0,32 0 11,08 0 0 1,87 15,62
Adult forest 6,50 115,42 15,10 0,43 72,72 0,19 4,31 44,98 259,65
Middle-aged stand 120,71 406,27 84,25 15,23 189,61 8,12 40,30 224,96 1089,45
Total 228,96 959,14 221,04 76,76 545,37 15,45 144,11 646,47 2837,30
Sp
ruce
Mature forest 32,70 31,89 50,64 10,99 52,09 0,34 27,55 43,57 249,77
Young stand 232,96 174,54 450,48 1022,00 352,67 9,18 735,36 1017,95 3995,14
Overgrown 0 1,35 0 0 0,73 0 0 1,37 3,45
Adult forest 14,81 39,20 9,56 2,57 32,97 0,71 12,54 11,82 124,18
Middle-aged stand 42,50 98,70 165,80 16,44 193,03 8,03 24,39 317,50 866,39
Total 322,97 345,68 676,48 1052,00 631,49 18,26 799,84 1392,21 5238,93
Bir
ch
Mature forest 174,92 244,04 135,51 94,12 187,72 16,43 74,32 406,90 1333,96
Young stand 178,45 659,42 536,68 109,70 910,74 4,55 79,29 1733,58 4212,41
Overgrown 13,43 119,72 18,16 4,23 38,71 0 14,88 24,64 233,77
Adult forest 170,38 304,68 127,48 59,92 154,04 1,59 53,11 215,86 1087,06
Middle-aged stand 644,79 666,26 693,45 466,95 671,75 21,08 236,79 1095,63 4496,70
Total 1181,97 1994,12 1511,28 734,92 1962,96 43,65 458,39 3476,61 11363,90
Bla
ck a
lder
Mature forest 29,38 46,26 18,50 37,60 17,02 0 29,63 36,24 214,63
Young stand 23,40 67,92 58,15 22,50 57,29 0 13,10 88,14 330,50
Overgrown 2,38 15,50 5,27 3,01 2,35 0,20 3,78 7,20 39,69
Adult forest 23,13 39,42 17,44 10,81 19,16 0 24,53 31,27 165,76
Middle-aged stand 96,12 124,25 40,71 87,54 24,43 0 69,10 32,20 474,35
Total 174,41 293,35 140,07 161,46 120,25 0,20 140,14 195,05 1224,93
Asp
en
Mature forest 21,13 24,72 18,46 17,22 13,21 0 18,92 16,99 130,65
Young stand 181,63 388,68 385,52 48,22 455,04 10,01 124,14 711,79 2305,03
Overgrown 46,88 50,38 23,82 20,15 18,65 0,21 13,22 10,60 183,91
Adult forest 47,00 34,80 12,55 7,89 8,38 1,11 17,15 2,84 131,72
Middle-aged stand 75,65 94,99 182,68 43,85 85,40 13,38 24,14 103,31 623,40
Total 372,29 593,57 623,03 137,33 580,68 24,71 197,57 845,53 3374,71
Gre
y a
lder
Mature forest 110,25 20,69 32,36 22,19 34,39 1,03 7,07 66,86 294,84
Young stand 319,01 79,87 49,98 3,11 260,94 0,15 1,05 656,70 1370,81
Overgrown 404,84 198,38 134,32 69,46 119,94 11,71 64,01 107,03 1109,69
Adult forest 70,83 33,69 25,76 11,90 37,49 1,64 11,96 53,11 246,38
Middle-aged stand 304,16 237,28 209,42 44,50 333,78 18,02 59,98 566,05 1773,19
Total 1209,09 569,91 451,84 151,16 786,54 32,55 144,07 1449,75 4794,91
Grand Total
3489,69 4755,77 3623,74 2313,63 4627,29 134,82 1884,12 8005,62 28834,68
13
Territory breakdown by forest site types (ha):
Forest site types AME AML BM IM LM MM NM VM Grand Total
Bez nosaukuma 589,16 468,04 105,74 158,82 168,29 5,05 165,72 218,99 1879,81
Damaksnis 365,71 1181,71 448,92 374,78 1023,07 7,12 449,09 1633,80 5484,20
Dumbrājs 129,00 201,86 80,18 152,25 194,40 1,71 164,04 228,56 1152,00
Gārša 65,83 70,92 20,13 42,57 61,99 6,09 0,26 313,20 580,99
Grīnis 0 0 0 1,54 0 0 0 0,29 1,83
Lāns 49,30 247,15 14,55 3,17 19,76 0 7,66 33,38 374,97
Liekņa 1,25 6,74 5,32 0,27 6,75 0 1,91 1,81 24,05
Mētrājs 19,92 10,52 7,50 0,21 4,73 0 0 4,26 47,14
Mētru ārenis 0 7,30 16,57 0 9,70 6,22 0 14,34 54,13
Mētru kūdrenis 1,15 21,57 5,29 0 17,99 0 0 18,19 64,19
Niedrājs 141,32 400,06 148,34 109,01 285,17 0,35 79,34 339,17 1502,76
Platlapju ārenis 68,05 127,01 279,22 35,02 210,33 6,75 25,83 674,04 1426,25
Platlapju kūdrenis 82,61 190,21 215,84 61,70 161,34 2,83 46,75 360,96 1122,24
Purvājs 24,80 32,10 48,63 17,85 63,81 0 3,82 63,42 254,43
Šaurlapju ārenis 36,92 213,84 137,87 24,23 241,08 7,48 22,97 425,96 1110,35
Šaurlapju kūdrenis 166,78 345,95 265,71 51,25 332,80 0,73 39,42 504,63 1707,27
Sils 0 0 0 0 0,83 0 0 1,01 1,84
Slapjā gārša 21,09 25,35 17,30 7,65 27,27 0 0 70,63 169,29
Slapjais damaksnis 110,36 267,60 82,08 15,89 262,05 2,70 19,47 295,53 1055,68
Slapjais mētrājs 1,06 28,71 9,37 0 8,96 0 0 5,34 53,44
Slapjais vēris 310,69 204,54 208,30 96,10 272,18 8,80 96,31 535,84 1732,76
Vēris 2224,91 1446,19 1839,10 1343,47 1769,15 82,55 963,48 2918,67 12587,52
Viršu ārenis 0 0 0 0 0 3,69 0 0 3,69
Viršu kūdrenis 0 4,94 6,05 0 9,38 0 0 18,05 38,42
Grand Total 4409,91 5502,31 3962,01 2495,78 5151,03 142,07 2086,07 8680,07 32429,25
The breakdown of the Group members' territories by site indexes (ha) is provided in the table
below:
Company name I Ia II III IV V Va Grand Total
AME 1606,79 1321,35 1119,16 241,52 90,08 29,61 1,40 4409,91
AML 1499,28 1461,97 1556,10 564,16 310,06 96,45 14,29 5502,31
BM 1360,96 942,76 887,98 491,02 198,25 69,93 11,11 3962,01
IM 1141,03 428,54 598,47 254,73 68,36 4,14 0,51 2495,78
LM 1604,50 1095,07 1409,96 499,92 374,09 134,88 32,61 5151,03
MM 45,87 28,57 44,86 19,50 3,27 0 0 142,07
NM 824,38 397,16 558,11 234,19 52,51 17,31 2,41 2086,07
VM 3051,03 1497,16 2626,72 824,85 521,87 137,23 21,21 8680,07
Grand Total 11133,84 7172,58 8801,36 3129,89 1618,49 489,55 83,54 32429,25
14
Breakdown of the average forest volume by tree species and age groups in 2020 (m3/ha):
Age class Species AME AML BM IM LM MM NM VM Grand Total
Young s
tand
Pine 69,7 84,4 87,2 49,1 65,2 95,8 79,5 50,5 70,3
Spruce 88,0 71,1 61,8 19,7 70,4 132,4 23,7 66,2 53,6
Birch 54,9 46,1 44,6 54,8 38,8 75,1 74,2 39,7 42,9
Black alder 38,5 35,1 49,8 34,2 25,9 0 28,7 33,3 35,8
Aspen 71,5 70,6 88,9 79,5 66,9 64,2 99,7 75,6 75,8
Grey alder 23,2 21,7 35,5 9,3 51,0 50,0 18,5 74,2 55,7
Total 55,2 58,6 61,5 32,4 52,5 84,9 47,6 57,9 55,2
Mid
dle
-aged
sta
nd
Pine 267,4 292,0 276,0 269,6 264,6 297,3 265,5 282,1 279,7
Spruce 264,9 298,8 322,2 246,7 312,4 333,6 271,4 328,0 311,6
Birch 177,3 180,1 175,9 174,5 176,5 203,9 180,8 169,4 175,9
Black alder 204,9 197,6 187,1 192,0 208,4 0 186,1 214,8 197,8
Aspen 182,5 163,8 176,0 149,8 172,3 170,2 176,3 152,8 168,1
Grey alder 90,5 78,9 94,3 87,8 104,6 68,9 98,5 84,1 89,5
Total 172,7 199,4 191,3 174,0 193,4 191,9 187,0 185,0 187,6
Mat
ure
fore
st Pine 267,1 300,1 255,9 261,0 292,6 287,7 284,7 309,8 294,0
Spruce 277,6 309,4 316,1 272,5 328,3 333,5 315,2 333,8 315,3
Birch 228,7 249,8 240,4 207,9 233,1 273,1 210,4 247,8 238,2
Black alder 227,2 229,9 228,3 211,8 217,4 0 220,4 251,7 228,3
Aspen 240,7 268,4 280,8 234,3 252,8 0 248,4 259,9 255,5
Grey alder 150,2 161,8 161,0 138,2 163,1 206,4 142,1 156,6 155,0
Total 217,5 265,4 250,2 213,2 259,7 267,0 234,8 262,2 250,6
Adult
fore
st
Pine 252,9 288,7 262,0 236,0 260,7 449,0 243,3 291,3 276,9
Spruce 268,4 314,8 256,3 381,7 320,0 313,5 293,5 342,4 307,1
Birch 218,1 254,6 251,0 214,1 237,0 212,5 197,4 236,8 237,3
Black alder 220,0 225,7 241,2 211,2 200,5 0 184,0 251,9 222,9
Aspen 281,3 301,7 352,9 265,8 293,0 236,3 265,0 314,6 292,6
Grey alder 158,0 172,2 162,3 163,4 166,5 174,9 137,7 157,5 161,4
Total 215,8 258,0 249,4 218,6 245,1 228,9 217,0 240,0 240,0
Over
gro
wn f
ore
st
Pine 0 191,0 116,0 0 246,2 0 0 247,8 235,0
Spruce 0 240,0 0 0 343,5 0 0 372,2 348,5
Birch 211,9 223,8 230,8 181,3 214,4 0 123,9 248,8 219,7
Black alder 297,0 200,2 261,0 199,0 234,0 177,0 157,0 235,6 216,8
Aspen 281,9 314,8 307,2 281,5 312,3 392,0 292,7 348,2 305,8
Grey alder 183,1 191,1 183,1 166,9 189,3 216,2 173,8 188,1 184,4
Total 195,6 217,2 206,0 189,6 208,2 228,7 184,7 221,1 205,5
Grand Total 159,8 179,1 153,1 134,1 145,6 192,7 143,9 135,6 151,1
15
Homogeneous spruce stands older than 40 years (spruce is more than 90% of the tree species
composition) (ha):
Company Ha
AME 1,04
AML 2,70
BM 0,92
IM 0,16
LM 22,60
MM 1,53
NM 4,16
VM 43,71
Grand Total 76,82
Currently, invasive species (Giant hogweed — Heracleum sosnovskyi) are identified in the forest areas to
be managed. Refer to the table below. VM
Administrative territory Cadastral unit
Cēsu 42900040028
Cēsu 42900040207
Alojas 66270040166
Alojas 66440040116
Salacgrīvas 66600060196
Limbažu 66640010105
Limbažu 66800040105
Limbažu 66880080209
Beverīnas 96460070045
Kocēnu 96520050304
Kocēnu 96520050305
Naukšēnu 96660020006
BM
Administrative territory Cadastral unit
Madonas 70760080010
LM
Administrative territory Cadastral unit
Alūksnes 36420060208
Cēsu 42900050127
Limbažu 66520020026
Limbažu 66520020026
Valkas 94580010025
Mazsalacas 96760050004
AML
Administrative territory Cadastral unit
Kārsavas 68720050011
Kārsavas 68720050011
16
Kārsavas 68720050011
Kārsavas 68720050011
Viesītes 56350090004
Krāslavas 60680030424
AME
Administrative territory Cadastral unit
Viesītes 56350090003
Dagdas 60460050206
Dagdas 60460050206
Dagdas 60460050207
Dagdas 60500010081
Dagdas 60500030457
Dagdas 60500060051
Dagdas 60500060051
Dagdas 60500060051
Dagdas 60500060051
Dagdas 60500060051
Dagdas 60500060069
Dagdas 60500070088
Dagdas 60500070133
Dagdas 60500070136
Dagdas 60760030043
Dagdas 60760030048
Dagdas 60760030048
Dagdas 60760030048
Dagdas 60800010134
Dagdas 60900010153
Dagdas 60900010233
Dagdas 60900030001
Dagdas 60900050094
Dagdas 60900050094
Dagdas 60900050094
Dagdas 60900050094
Dagdas 60900050100
Dagdas 60900050100
Dagdas 60900050100
Dagdas 60900050100
NM
Administrative territory Cadastral unit
Ludzas 68460090066
Ludzas 68460090067
Ludzas 68460090067
Ludzas 68460090067
Ludzas 68460090104
17
a) Transformation of forest lands into plantations or non-forest lands
The manager does not plan to transform forest lands into plantations or non-forest lands, but if it does
so, it will consult the Head of the Group and:
a) it will affect a very limited part of the forest to be managed;
b) it will not occur in high conservation value forests;
c) it will provide clear, significant, safe and long-term additional environmental benefits for the
entire territory under management in general.
b) Protected nature territories
It is continuously ensured in the territory to be managed that a part of total forest land is devoted
to the primary purpose — nature protection.
Protected nature territories specified by law where economic activities are restricted or prohibited
are listed in the table below.
Restriction AME AML BM IM LM MM NM VM Grand Total
(ha)
Final felling not allowed 0 83,54 3,43 0 7,17 0 7,65 0 101,79
Final felling and thinning prohibited 0 119,66 8,51 0 0 0 4,22 0 132,39
Clearcut not allowed 159,11 704,63 112,14 55,39 237,61 2,79 87,13 195,16 1553,96
Forestry activities prohibited 0,94 85,82 7,18 0 26,02 0 0 34,92 154,88
Forestry activities prohibited seasonally 1,79 46,15 21,54 0 124,35 0 0 95,37 289,20
Grand Total (ha) 161,84 1039,80 152,80 55,39 395,15 2,79 99,00 325,45 2232,22
18
Areas with economic restrictions have the following categories and types of protection in 2020,
ha:
Category AME AML BM IM LM MM NM VM Total
Biosphere reserves 0 0 124,1 0 1809,2 1,2 0 5409,6 7344,2
Buffer zones around micro reserves 2,0 68,2 70,4 0,2 117,7 2,4 0,9 84,7 346,5
Micro-reserve 0 13,4 14,4 0,7 12,4 0 0 12,0 52,9
National park 552,9 450,4 0 0 172,0 0 0 114,2 1289,5
Nature monument 0 14,2 0 0 0 0 0 5,9 20,0
Nature park 0 51,9 9,1 0 14,0 0 0 6,7 81,6
Nature reserve 2,8 133,8 15,3 0 33,4 0 11,9 0,6 197,7
Protected landscape areas 0 1393,3 40,8 0 30,6 0 0 14,2 1478,9
Special protection forest districts 0 0,4 5,3 0 4,8 0 0 0,7 11,2
Strict nature reserves 0 0 3,2 0 0 0 0 0 3,2
Water and swamp prodection zone 0 130,6 0 0 0 0 0 0 130,6
Total 557,7 2256,2 286,7 11,2 2196,2 3,6 12,7 5655,8 10980,2
19
Protected high conservation value forest/territories
Existing protected high conservation values and relevant territories:
☒ HCV1 Forests or territories containing areas of biodiversity values of global, regional or
national significance (e.g., endemism, endangered species, refugia).
Company LM BM VM AME AML IM NM MM Total,
ha
Specially protected nature territories of
national significance, where there are
restrictions on economic activities, micro-
reserve territories and buffer zones or
species habitats without buffer zones
315,1 108,0 138,3 5,1 729,8 0,3 11,9 0 1308,6
☒ HCV2
Forests or territories which include landscape-level forests of global, regional or national
significance which are included or which include forest management units that contain
populations of almost all viable wildlife species in their natural distribution and
quantitative structure.
Company LM BM VM AME AML IM NM MM Total,
ha
44,59 64,86 15,79 0 1761,47 0 0 0 1886,71
☒ HCV3 Forests or territories that are in rare, endangered or vanishing ecosystems or which
contain such ecosystems.
Company LM BM VM AME AML IM NM MM Total,
ha
Protected habitats of the EU and local
significance. With or without statutory
restrictions on economic activity
137,46 109,28 105,2 94,22 428,76 141,93 71,57 0,2 1088,62
☒ HCV4 Forests or territories providing nature preservation functions (e.g., protection of sources
of water, preventing erosion in critical situations).
Company LM BM VM AME AML IM NM MM Total,
ha
Protection zones of rivers and
watercourses where 286,02 133,81 305,65 239,19 478,47 208,15 100,06 7,34 1758,69
restrictions on economic activity are
established.
☐ HCV5 Forests or territories fundamental to meeting basic needs of local communities (e.g.,
subsistence, health)
0
☒ HCV6
Forests or territories of particular significance for the preservation of the traditional
cultural identity of the local community (areas of cultural, historical, ecological or
religious significance to the local community identified in cooperation with such local
communities)
Company LM BM VM AME AML IM NM MM Total,
pcs
Protection zones of cultural and historical
objects, where restrictions on economic
activities are established.
162 40 97 77 360 68 112 25 941
20
Only activities permitted by the State and/or forest management standard requirements are carried out in the
territories of the high conservation value forests. No clear cutting is planned in the territories that do not
qualify as high conservation value forests but are included in the protected territories (full list of protected
territories by cadastre is available in taxation data).
21
Principles of high conservation value forest management
High
conservation
value forests
Regulatory enactment of the Republic of Latvia or internal regulatory enactment of the
company governing management
HCV1 1. Cabinet Regulation No. 686 "Regulation on Contentmand Procedure for the Development of Management Plan for Specially Protected Nature Territory"
2. Law On Specially Protected Nature Territories
3. Cabinet Regulation No. 264 "General Regulations on Protection and Use of Specially
Protected Nature Territories"
4. Law On the Conservation of Species and Biotopes 5. Cabinet Regulation No.940 "Regulation on Microreserve Establishment and Management
Procedure, Their Protection, as well as Identification of Microreserves and Their
Bufferzones"
6. Cabinet Regulation No.396 "Regulation Regarding the List of Specially Protected Species
and Specially Protected Species of Limited Use", 8.11.2000.
HCV2 1. Cabinet Regulation No. 686 "Regulation on Contentmand Procedure for the Development of Management Plan for Specially Protected Nature Territory" 2. Law On Specially Protected Nature Territories
HCV3 1. NA Cabinet Regulation No. 935 "Regulations on Tree Felling in the Forest", 18.12.2012. 2. Cabinet Regulations No. 936 “Environmental Protection Requirements in Forest
Management”, 18.12.2012.
3. Cabinet Regulations No. 350 "Regulations on the List of Specially Protected Habitat
Types", 28.06.2017.
HCV4 1. Protection Zone Law, 05.02.1997. 2. Cabinet Regulation No. 935 "Regulations on Tree Felling in the Forest", 18.12.2012.
3. Cabinet Regulations No. 936 “Environmental Protection Requirements in Forest
Management”, 18.12.2012.
HCV5; NA
HCV6 1. Law On Protection of Cultural Monuments (Adopted on 12.02.1992) 2. Cabinet Regulations No. 473 "Procedures by which Cultural Monuments shall be Included
in the List of State-protected Monuments and Excluded from the List of State-protected
Monuments"
3. Cabinet Regulations No. 474 "Regulations on the Accounting, Protection, Use, Renovation
of Cultural Monuments and Granting the Status of an Environmentally Degradable Object"
In order to ensure the preservation of the high conservation value forests for each high conservation value
forest category existing in nature, performance indicators corresponding to the identified high
conservation value feature or goal are applied. Annual monitoring provides data on the development of
the high conservation value feature (species composition, distribution, phytosanitary status, etc.) and
deviation from the goal.
22
Biologically high conservation value forest stands (HCV 3)
In case there is a suspicion on the presence of HCV 3 in managed territories the members of the
SCA LM Group use the World Fund for Nature guide "How to Recognize One's Own Biologically High
Conservation Value Forest Stand" and modified HCV 3 detection forms to identify HCV 3.
If there is indication of the existence of a potentially high conservation value the foresters will
conduct a field audit using the High Conservation Value Forest Identification Form to determine whether
the area complies with the HCV 3 status or not.
If, during the planning of forestry operations, reasonable information has been obtained through
research on regional or State protected parameter databases and maps or through comments from
stakeholders (forest labourers, environmental organizations, etc.) that the forest holding complies with the
HCV status (HCV 1, HCV 2, HCV 3, HCV 4, HCV 6), the Group member promptly informs the Head of
the Group of this fact and uses HCV 3 detection forms to identify territories and potential hazards. Training
on the use of the HCV 3 guide and questionnaires is provided by external lecturers.
Overgrown stands
The forest manager protects the stands where the felling age is significantly exceeded beyond the
statutory restrictions on forestry activities. Such stands are considered to be stands where the felling age
is exceeded by 2 age classes. Data for the year 2020 are provided in the table below:
Species Age from AME AML IM MM NM BM LM VM
Grand
Total
(ha)
Birch 91 12,22 55,59 3,14 0 0,81 15,93 22,67 18,58 128,94
Pine 141 6,94 0 0 0 0 0,32 12,24 1,87 21,37
Oak 141 1,16 0 0 0 0 1,97 0 1,25 4,38
Spruce 121 1,35 0 0 0 0 0 0,73 1,37 3,45
Black alder 91 2,38 15,5 3,01 0,2 3,78 5,27 2,35 7,2 39,69
Aspen 61 46,88 50,38 20,15 0,21 13,22 23,82 18,65 10,6 183,91
No clearcut is planned in these stands, regardless of statutory restrictions.
23
HCV identified during certification:
Endangered species and their habitats
The list of identified endangered species is prepared by the Group member, and the protection
measures are harmonized with the Head of the Group.
Species Protection measures
LM
Lesser spotted eagle There will be no forestry activity
Black stork There will be no forestry activity
BM
Lesser spotted eagle There will be no forestry activity
Black stork There will be no forestry activity
VM
Lesser spotted eagle There will be no forestry activity
Black stork There will be no forestry activity
AML
Osprey There will be no forestry activity
Lesser spotted eagle There will be no forestry activity
Northern Goshawk There will be no forestry activity
AME
Lesser spotted eagle There will be no forestry activity
IM
Lesser spotted eagle There will be no forestry activity
MM
Lesser spotted eagle There will be no forestry activity
A list of the territories where the species listed in the table above are located is available in the
confidential part of the FMP. In case a big bird nest is discovered during the forest management works,
the works shall be stopped immediately and Environmental Board shall be notified, who gives instructions
for further action.
24
Ecological functions of the forest*
Regulatory functions Habitat functions Productive functions CO2 capture and O2 production during
the photosynthesis process
Living and breeding ground for animal
species
Ensuring and improving the growth
and quality of wood and non-wood resources
Air quality assurance Preservation of biodiversity Increase of ecosystem productivity (stabilization at a natural level)
Water quality assurance Balanced numerical ratio of species Ensuring the sustainability (non-
depletion) of the ecosystem (forest
stand) productivity
Provision of water volume Renewal of optimal food chains and
ecological niches
Maintaining soil quality by providing a
precondition for increasing forest productivity
Protection against erosion Providing proper conditions for the natural development of coastal and
inland water ecosystems
Providing proper conditions for the
preservation of fish resources
*The summary of the West Vidzeme Forest Management Plan for 2015 - 2019 of JSC LVM was used for the description of forest ecological functions.
Objects of cultural and historical and/or archaeological value
The forest manager ensures that the objects of cultural and historical and/or archaeological value
are protected by coordinating activities with the National Heritage Board (NHB). All objects are
available in LVM Geo program. The following are considered to be such objects:
Grave sites
Former homes
Decorative tree plantations and alleys
Certain old trees
Certain tapped trees, etc.
25
The protection zones around cultural monuments are managed in accordance with:
Law On Protection of Cultural Monuments (Adopted on 12.02.1992)
Cabinet Regulation No. 473 "Procedures by which Cultural Monuments shall be Included in the
List of State-protected Monuments and Excluded from the List of State-protected Monuments"
Cabinet Regulations No. 474 "Regulations on the Accounting, Protection, Use, Renovation of
Cultural Monuments and Granting the Status of an Environmentally Degradable Object"
Non-timber forest resources
The forest manager is aware of the value of the non-timber forest resources (products and services).
The forest manager has identified the following non-timber resources in its forest holdings:
Resource Location Output volumes
Wild berries and mushrooms All forest
holdings
They are not picked for commercial purposes (freely available
to the local community), if the forest environment is not
damaged and fire safety regulations are observed
Game animals All forest
holdings Not acquired for commercial purposes (areas are leased)
26
Recreation
It is planned to make a public place for recreation in property Branči 66440010081 Alojas region
in 2021.
Location of recreation place Date of creation Description
Veckāsuļi 80840090002 2020 Riverside
Description of the fauna
Fauna representatives typical of Latvia such as beaver, red deer, wild boar, elk, roe, etc. can be
found in the SCA LM Forest Management Group. Information on the number of game fauna
representatives (limited and unlimited) such as beaver, red deer, wild boar, elk and roe is collected
annually, and monitoring is based on the data provided by the State Forest Service (SFS) on the changes
in the fauna population at national level.
k) Beaver inundations
Currently, the forest manager has identified long-term beaver inundations in the forest holdings
with a total area of 202,83 ha (see table below), the manager is aware of the need to provide at least partial
protection thereof, inundations made on natural watercourses will be primarily protected if it does not
affect melioration systems.
Manager AME AML BM IM LM MM NM VM Grand Total
Beaver inundation 17 21 23 31 32 3 37 39 203
27
Phytosanitary condition
In order to ensure the awareness of the Group members of the phytosanitary condition of Latvian forests,
the annual surveys are examined provided by the Latvian State Forest Research Institute (LSFRI) "Silava"
(within the framework of the monitoring the following forest pests are analysed: pine looper, nun moth,
gypsy moth, European spruce bark beetle, European pine sawfly, etc.). All national forest monitoring
results are available on SILAVA homepage (http://www.silava.lv/petijumi/nacionlais-mea-
monitorings.aspx).
k ) Description of adjacent lands
Territorial location
Latvia is located in Northern Europe, on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea. The country covers an
area of 64 589 km2. The total length of the Latvian border is 1836 km, of which 1382 km is the land
border. It has land borders with Estonia, Russia , Belarus and Lithuania, as well as sea borders with
Sweden, Lithuania and Estonia. In Latvia, water covers an area of approximately 2340 km2, which is
3.62% of the total territory of the country. There are more than 12,000 rivers in Latvia with a total length
of about 38,000 km, the largest of which are the Daugava, Lielupe, Gauja and Venta, as well as 2256
lakes, which are larger than 1 ha. The largest lakes in Latvia are Lubāns, Lake Rāzna, Lake Engure
and Burtnieks.
There are large, medium and micro forms of terrain in Latvia. The large forms of the Latvian
terrain are lowlands and highlands, the lowlands cover 60%, while the highlands cover 40% of the
territory. The main highlands are Vidzemes highland, Alūksnes highland, Latgales highland, Augšzemes
highland, Rietumkursas highland, Austrumkursas highland, Ziemeļkursas highland, Idumejas highland
and Sakalas highland. The most important lowlands are Piejūras lowland , Kursas lowland,
Viduslatvijas lowland (this lowland includes the Zemgales plain), Tālavas lowland, Veļikajas lowland and
East-Latvian lowland.
28
Climatic conditions
Latvia is located in a temperate zone, and its climate is influenced by the proximity of the sea and
air masses that come from the Atlantic Ocean resulting in a mild and humid climate in Latvia and a marked
change of four seasons. As Latvia stretches from North to East, the climate in the West and East is slightly
different. The sky is often overcast, on average 160 to 180 days a year. Average precipitation ranges from
574 to 691 mm per year.
The average air temperature in the coldest month of January in the eastern part of Latvia is around
−7 ° C, while the average air temperature in the hottest month of July in the eastern part of Latvia is around
+17.5 ° C.
Forests
The forest is a characteristic landscape feature, as it takes up about 52% of the area of Latvia. The
weather of Latvia — rich precipitation, high relative humidity, relatively long vegetation period — is
favourable for forest growth. About 52% of the dominant species growing in Latvian forests are conifers
and 48% — deciduous. The most common tree species are pine (34%), birch (30%) and spruce (18%).
Fauna
Currently about 13,000 animal species have been identified in Latvia. The richness of the fauna is
mainly explained by the geographical position of Latvia. Latvia is located in a mixed forest area which
includes fauna elements of both the taiga and broadleaf forest zone. In addition, there are bird migration
routes over Latvia along the Baltic Sea.
About 60 species of mammals are more or less common in Latvia. Rodent species (19 species) are
represented more richly in terms of the number of individuals. There are 12 species of carnivores found
in Latvia. The largest of them is the brown bear which seldom comes to us from neighbouring countries,
mainly from Estonia.
295 bird species have been identified in Latvia. Birds are also the most represented group of
vertebrates in terrestrial biosensors in terms of quantity. They are an important part of the landscape
because they regulate the numbers of insects, rodents and many other animals thus indirectly affecting
their productivity and natural increase. Strigiform play an important role in rodent catching, of which 13
29
species have been identified in Latvia. About 30 species of birds in Latvia are among the hunted animals.
Here the following should be noted galliformes — hazelgrouse, partridge, prairie hen,
capercaillie, anseriformes — mallard or wild duck, green-winged teal, garganey, shoveller,
charadriiformes — woodcock, snipe and rallidae — coot. Most bird species so far registered in Latvia
(190 species) nest here. 45 species travel across the country for wintering and nesting sites, while 15
species arrive for wintering. There are 45 species registered as rare or false visitors. The nesting bird fauna
in Latvia is composed mainly of species widely spread in the Palearctic, including elements of broad-
leaved forests — pigeons, roller, chaffinch, nightingale, etc. — about 50 species in total. There are fewer
elements of the taiga (14 species), of which the following should be mentioned
nutcracker, hazelgrouse, capercaillie. The elements of the tundra are almost as many (11 species) —
willow grouse, whimbrel, black-throated loon. The following birds have arrived from the steppe zone:
partridge, quail, corn crake, etc.
Reptile fauna is poor in Latvia because the humid and relatively cool climate is not suitable for
most reptile species. Of the 7 species found in the country, only the common viper is poisonous.
Source: https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latvija
Socio-economic conditions
Registered unemployment level in January 2021 is 7,9 % in Latvia. The forest sector in rural areas
is one of the most important employers offering work in forest regeneration and reforestation, forest stand
maintenance, forest infrastructure maintenance, harvesting, etc. It also helps create and maintain indirect
jobs in rural areas (wood transport, wood processing, maintenance of transport infrastructure, trade, social
service, etc.) In Latvia, the forest sector directly employs over 40 thousand people, while the number of
related jobs is also around 40 thousand. As SCA LM is one of the largest forest owners in the remote rural
areas, the jobs created by SCA LM play an important role in reducing unemployment, ensuring social
protection, maintaining employment levels and maintaining population density in rural areas.
30
Forest management goals
This chapter defines the long-term management goals and the means of achieving them in the
economic, environmental and social spheres of the management area. The goals of the company are set
by the Head of the Group.
Long-term goals of the company
Economic
Forest management is to be based on the principles of sustainable forest management.
Forest management is to be carried out according to the company's annual budget.
The planned management activities are carried out according to the priority
investments, thus improving the long-term economic productivity of the forest.
Environmental
To carry out forest management in accordance with FSC criteria.
To carry out forest management in an environmentally responsible manner.
At least 10% of the managed forest area is primarily aimed at nature preservation.
Timber harvesting in the forest is planned to be at a lower level than the actual
increase in wood supplies.
Management of habitats and biotopes of protected species — forest management is
carried out taking into account the existing protected areas and areas of high
conservation value forests. The management takes into account the potential areas of
appearance of new protected species.
To reduce the areas affected by invasive species through chemical and mechanical
containment.
Social
Non-timber forest resources are to be available for public use.
Forest management is to be carried out by assessing the impact on the surrounding
social environment and society, minimizing potential negative impacts.
To promote the employment of local community in forest management and
harvesting activities.
To train the company's employees by providing the necessary knowledge for the
implementation of sustainable forest management principles.
31
Methods for achieving long-term goals
Methods for achieving economic goals
When purchasing new forest land areas, to assess the possibility of observing previously
established forest management principles.
To plan forest management activities on time — thinning, tending of young stands, thus
increasing forest productivity and value in the long run.
To identify non-forest and non-productive agricultural lands owned by the company and
to plan their transformation into productive forest stands.
Forest management activities should be substantiated and planned with the goal of
improving the quality and productivity of forest stands.
To use high-quality and certified planting material for reforestation.
Non-productive stands should be restored to improve their productivity.
Methods for achieving environmental goals
To carry out forest management in accordance with the predefined environmental goals.
To carry out regular monitoring of the holdings owned by the company to prevent
potential environmental risks and to identify necessary management principles.
Restoration of non-productive forest stands.
To identify the areas affected by invasive species — Sosnowski hogweed, and to reduce the
spread of the species by chemical and mechanical eradication.
To identify the areas where there is a risk of last year's grass fires by performing timely
seasonal grass mowing.
Social methods for achieving goals
Forest management should be carried out in accordance with pre-defined social goals.
To involve local companies in forest management activities by promoting public
employment.
To train employees to achieve sustainable forest management goals and preserve nature
values.
To support, as far as possible, measures aimed at community educating on environmental
protection issues.
Employees of the company follow the standard of good communication practice, and they
are socially accessible. Contact details for possible communication to resolve a problem
situation are publicly available.
32
a. Description of forest management system
Forestry operations such as forest planting, thinning, prime use and transportation are outsourced;
to inform providers of outsourcing services on certification and other requirements, SCA internal
procedures are provided for the subcontractors and instructions on site. In the harvesting of wood, the
clearcutting method is mainly used for the final felling. In accordance with the nature protection
requirements, the forest manager does not perform clear felling in the protection zones (contact (transition)
area) around the swamps (maintains the density of growing trees on the first storey of the forest stand no
less than 0.4).
for swamp areas of 10 to 100 hectares — within 20 metres;
for swamp areas larger than 100 hectares — within 50 metres for forest site types of dry,
drained, wet mineral soils and drained peat soils and within at least 100 metres for forest site
types of wet peat soils.
Reforestation of the stands dominated by oak, linden, maple, flattering elm, elm and hornbeam is
ensured at least to the extent of the proportion of particular species prior to the commencement of the final
felling. According to the national legislation (Cabinet Regulation No. 935 “Rules for Tree Cutting in the
Forest”), no clear felling is performed in the forest stands where the dominant species is oak, linden,
maple, flattering elm, elm or hornbeam.
The following sites are not subject to forest management activities, unless they present a real risk
of disease and pest infestation in the surrounding stands and/or threats to labour safety:
certain wind-throw and windfall areas where large trees have grown;
in burned stands older than 30 years, in groups or scattered — surviving trees, as well as dead
trees in groups
wild apples and junipers.
33
a) Wet forest management
The following requirements are met in management of wet forests:
In wet spruce forests (Dryopteriosocaricosa, Filipendulosa, Dryopteriosa, Myrtilloso-
polytrichosa, and Caricoso-phragmitosa), efforts shall be made to preserve the undergrowth
and at least partial regeneration under the crown of
the parent stand;
In wet deciduous forests (Dryopteriosocaricosa, Filipendulosa, Dryopteriosa, Myrtilloso-
polytrichosa, as well as Caricoso-phragmitosa where the black alder prevails), at least 30
growing trees per 1 ha shall be left and trees shall be retained in groups;
In wet deciduous and spruce forests (Dryopteriosocaricosa, Filipendulosa, Dryopteriosa,
Myrtilloso-polytrichosa, as well as Caricoso-phragmitosa where the black alder prevails)
regeneration of growing tree species should be encouraged appropriately.
34
b) Forest thinning and reforestation
The main task of reforestation is to grow productive and high-quality forest that meets the
requirements of forestry, either by reforestation or planting, or by promoting natural regeneration,
provided that it is carried out with tree species appropriate to the given growing conditions. Only certified
forest reproductive material is used for artificial forest regeneration in the SCA LM Group.
Thinning of young stands is aimed at promoting the growth of tree species that are best suited for
particular forest site type. It should be also noted that thinning increases future forest productivity and the
value of retained trees, which depends on the genetic characteristics of the plants or seeds. Proper selection
of seedlings has a significant impact on the increase of wood supplies and on the quality of the trunks.
Properly cultivating young stands, the growth space for retained trees significantly increases and the length
of forest growing cycle reduces.
Thinning should be performed when the trees of the forest run short of resources needed for
growth — water, nutrients and light. During thinning, a part of the stand is periodically cut down.
In pure stands, thinning regulates the density and improves the quality of the stand, while in mixed stands
it creates a forest stand of the desired species composition and quality. The intensity of thinning depends
on the composition of the forest stand, the age, the stand, the biological characteristics of the main species,
the forest site type and the forestry purpose of the stand management, as well as on the ability of the forest
stand to continue wood production to the extent that at the time of the final felling the wood supplies are
close to the maximum possible.
Thinning of young stands (ha) LM BM VM NM IM AML Total
2019 43 43 77 163
2020 321 45 220 23 49 659
2021 68 5 97 46 4 55 274
Total 432 94 394 69 53 55 1096
35
c) Machinery and technology used in felling.
The SCA LM Group uses, within limits, hand-held power tools to minimize the impact of felling
on soil and growing trees, as well as to increase the assortment and its quality. Technical requirements for
the timber delivery machinery are determined individually, taking into account the timber delivery
conditions and distance, as well as methods to minimize the negative impact of harvesting machinery on
the soil.
d) Labour protection
All companies involved in forest operations within the SCA LM Group should have a labour
protection system that complies with the Labour Protection Law and the binding requirements for safe
work, which are regulated by the Cabinet Regulation No. 310 "Labour Protection Requirements in
Forestry".
The verification of these requirements is performed by the Group member during the daily felling
operations, as well as by the Head of the Group during SCA LM's internal audit. FN Serviss provides
annual labour protection and fire safety briefings in “E-Training” online system, and up-to date materials
and inspection tests.
36
b. Substantiation of annual felling amount and species selection
The annual growth is calculated on the basis of annually allowable felling amount. Growth calculations
are performed using the software IPTIM (Integrated Planning for Timberland Management). In the
analysis, AAC was estimated by finding the maximum harvest level that can be sustained in a long term
(100 years). Long term calculation tables available as excel files for each company. AAC indicates how
much that can be harvested from a given forest area, without compromising the long-term sustainability
and typically the AAC is equal to the average annual net growth rate. For the calculation of permissible
felling amount the updated Forest Inventory data was used. Expected wood supplies growth for the 10-
year period from 2021 to 2031 are shown in the tables below.
Species
LM BM VM AME
Wood
supplies
2021, m3
Growth of
wood
supplies
2021-2031,
m3
Wood
supplies
2021, m3
Growth of
wood
supplies
2021-2031,
m3
Wood
supplies
2021, m3
Growth of
wood
supplies
2021-
2031, m3
Wood
supplies
2021, m3
Growth
of wood
supplies
2021-
2031, m3
Pine 27149 45463 7596 14402 19642 40642 8090 12247
Spruce 19181 33282 11776 22973 23070 48781 8887 13551
Birch 41470 87525 29442 70817 58034 161005 43377 68506
Grey alder 10359 31981 12347 33986 12259 48893 11961 55046
Aspen 5797 15965 12692 26876 6024 20450 13808 25135
Black alder 4068 7313 4913 8546 5568 14910 5363 9926
Other 1164 2806 1114 2760 2065 4515 593 1747
Total 109189 224334 79879 180360 126660 339197 92079 186158
37
Species
AML IM NM MM
Wood
supplies
2021, m3
Growth of
wood
supplies
2021-
2031, m3
Wood
supplies
2021, m3
Growth of
wood
supplies
2021-
2031, m3
Wood
supplies
2021, m3
Growth of
wood
supplies
2021-
2031, m3
Wood
supplies
2021, m3
Growth of
wood
supplies
2021-
2031, m3
Pine 47115 59593 1168 2644 2608 5513 360 1137
Spruce 13957 18077 1763 3421 6959 10160 495 797
Birch 61829 91468 8400 43605 11605 35432 1511 3185
Grey alder 7899 27815 585 12592 6013 12130 518 1147
Aspen 14849 23880 2407 9809 5554 14290 505 967
Black
alder 5423 10521 2195 14709 2231 11101 29 29
Other 754 1340 153 1104 151 885 131 210
Total 151827 232693 16672 87885 35122 89511 3548 7472
Species
Permissible
felling
amount in
total, m3
Pine 181641
Spruce 151041
Birch 561543
Grey alder 223590
Aspen 137372
Black alder 77055
Other 15368
Total 1347611
38
Felling is planned in such a way that the operations (final felling and thinning) included in the regular forest
management process do not exceed the average 10-year felling amount. It is permissible to increase the felling
amount during the year to the extent of the wood supplies accumulation in the previous period. As for grey
alder, logging amounts are not commensurate with the growth as the existing grey alder wood supplies are
larger than necessary (targeted alternation of grey alder stands is carried out). Planned felling amounts do not
include the damage caused by natural disasters (windfall, snowfall, etc.) and the subsequent increase in felling
amounts related to their elimination. Planned felling volumes (m3) are provided in the table below:
Planned felling volumes 2021-2031, m3
Species LM BM VM AME AML IM NM MM Total
Pine 36371 11522 32514 9797 47674 2115 4411 909 145312
Spruce 26625 18379 39025 10841 14461 2737 8128 638 120833
Birch 70020 56654 128804 54805 73175 34884 28345 2548 449235
Grey alder 25584 27189 39115 44037 22252 10074 9704 918 178872
Aspen 12772 21501 16360 20108 19104 7847 11432 773 109898
Black alder 5850 6837 11928 7941 8417 11768 8881 23 61644
Other 2245 2208 3612 1398 1072 883 708 168 12295
Total 179468 144288 271357 148927 186155 70308 71609 5977 1078089
39
b. Forest growth dynamics and monitoring
Annual monitoring is carried out to evaluate the activities undertaken, the dynamics of forest
growth, changes in flora and fauna. Monitoring is carried out by the Group members in accordance with
procedures established by the Head of the Group. Monitoring data are collected and summarized within
the calendar year and submitted to the Head of the Group by March 15 of the following year during the
internal audit of SCA LM or upon request of the Head of the Group (e.g., prior to the external audit).
a) Amount of timber harvested in 2020-10.03.2021, m3
Material type 2020 2020
Total
2021 2021
Total Grand Total
LM BM VM LM BM VM
Aspen puplwood 33 0 6 39 78 111 178 366 406
Aspen sawlog 28 0 26 54 55 22 40 118 171
Birch pulpwood 363 122 572 1057 430 433 605 1468 2525
Birch sawlog 36 46 0 81 0 52 0 52 134
Black alder sawlog 0 0 8 8 0 6 53 58 67
Chips 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Conifer fuelwood 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Conifer pulplog 118 0 93 211 74 47 93 214 425
Conifer residuals 0 0 0 0 308 0 398 706 706
Conifer sawlog 26 0 400 426 0 26 198 225 651
Conifer sawlog special 42 0 199 241 5 32 65 103 344
Leaf trees sawlog special 215 37 233 484 19 344 231 593 1077
Mixed fuelwood 1232 10 2071 3312 395 1567 1103 3064 6377
Pine pulpwood 89 0 0 89 59 0 0 59 30
Pine sawlog 35 0 8 43 138 64 63 265 307
Residuals 1460 0 946 2406 497 0 468 965 3371
Spruce pulpwood 14 0 122 136 10 65 56 111 248
Spruce sawlog 4 0 34 38 82 241 69 392 430
Spruce sawlog special 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 10 10
Veneer log 57 31 265 354 227 158 361 747 1101
Grand Total 3750 246 4983 8980 2239 3178 3981 9398 18378
40
b) Forest dynamics, changes in the composition of flora and fauna.
Reforestation (ha)
Species LM
Total LM BM VM NM IM AME AML
Total 2019 2020
Pine 6,7 6,7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Spruce 49,9 49,9 8,6 62,9 21,9 1,3 1,0 12,0 2,0 109,6
Birch 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,9 0 0 2,9
Aspen 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Black alder 0 0 0 0 0 0 0,7 0 0 0,7
Grey alder 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ash 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Maple 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 56,6 56,6 8,6 62,9 21,9 1,3 4,6 12,0 2,0 113,2
Afforestation (ha)
Species LM
Total LM BM VM NM IM AME AML
Total 2019 2020
Pine 6,7 6,7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Spruce 49,9 49,9 71,2 16 55 0 3,1 0 0 145,3
Birch 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0,0
Aspen 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Black alder 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0,0
Grey alder 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ash 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Maple 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 56,6 56,6 71,2 16,0 55,0 0,0 3,1 0,0 0,0 145,3
Natural regeneration (ha)
Species LM BM
Total LM BM VM NM IM AME AML Total
2019 2020
Pine 0 0 0,0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Spruce 1,2 0 1,2 0 0 0 0 0 0 14,9 15
Birch 7,3 2,3 9,6 4 0 0 5,4 0 6 0 15
Aspen 0 2,1 2,1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0,2 0
Black alder 2,4 0 2,4 0 0 2,5 1,4 0,5 0 0 4
Grey alder 1,2 0,6 1,8 0 0 3 0 2,3 0 1,3 7
Ash 0 0,9 0,9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Maple 0 0,6 0,6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 11,98 6,54 18,52 4,0 0,0 5,5 6,7 2,8 5,7 16,3 41,1
41
The average carbon stock in forest stands is calculated according to the methodology of the Latvian
Greenhouse Gas Inventory Survey (Carbon tons). Methodology is available on the "PEFC Latvian Council" website
www.pefc.lv.
Data are summarized in the tables below:
LM VM
Species
Carbon stock CO2 capture
Species
Carbon stock CO2 capture
C,
t*ha-1 Total C, t
CO2,
t*ha-1
per
year
CO2 total, t
per year C,
t*ha-1 Total C, t
CO2,
t*ha-1
per
year
CO2 total, t
per year
Aspen 32,52 18861,3 3,17 1838,21 Aspen 33,18 27873,85 2,82 2365,49
Grey
alder 39,48 30798,62 5,37 4197,26 Grey alder 36,49 52431,03 4,45 6391,82
Birch 54,16 106262,84 6,42 12588,24 Birch 52,01 179370,42 6,67 23005,26
Spruce 71,97 45411,71 6,7 4201,85 Spruce 60,94 84286,11 4,46 6173,62
Black
alder 49,89 5999,35 7,84 943,25 Black
alder 58,23 11238,56 9,88 1906,73
Pine 90,56 49084,19 10,99 5955,11 Pine 86,44 55497,57 8,37 5372,92
Other
species 68,39 3419,33 8,21 410,37 Other
species 67,57 3108,11 14,05 646,38
TOTAL: 259837,34 30134,29 TOTAL: 413805,65 45862,22
BM AME
Species
Carbon stock CO2 capture
Species
Carbon stock CO2 capture
C,
t*ha-1 Total C, t
CO2,
t*ha-1
per
year
CO2 total, t
per year C,
t*ha-1 Total C, t
CO2,
t*ha-1
per
year
CO2 total, t
per year
Aspen 41,28 25509,56 6,23 3847,33 Aspen 49,59 18398,06 6,85 2540,61
Grey
alder 46,81 21015,83 9,79 4394,78 Grey alder 45,7 55068,74 6,06 7302,64
Birch 59,3 89125,36 6,8 10202,56 Birch 70,84 83241,11 8,51 10002,01
Spruce 64,09 43358,97 4,33 2929,39 Spruce 65,22 20936,01 5,34 1715,22
Black
alder 54,55 7581,81 8 1112,58 Black
alder 67,81 11799,5 7,55 1313,14
Pine 81,54 18024,16 8,58 1896,4 Pine 75,95 17320,4 7,17 1633,65
Other
species 99,94 5097,14 7,61 388,34 Other
species 72,07 6702,7 2,83 54,37
TOTAL: 209712,83 24771,38 TOTAL: 213466,52 24561,64
42
AML NM
Species
Carbon stock CO2 capture
Species
Carbon stock CO2 capture
C,
t*ha-1 Total C, t
CO2,
t*ha-1
per
year
CO2 total, t
per year C,
t*ha-1 Total C, t
CO2,
t*ha-1
per
year
CO2 total,
t per year
Aspen 44,14 26089,16 4,09 2417,79 Aspen 49,02 9656,38 7,16 1410,38
Grey alder 48,28 27326,51 6,47 3663,11 Grey
alder 53,44 7641,88 10,77 1540,3
Birch 67,57 133783,65 6,78 13433,25 Birch 70,84 32233,79 10,99 5000,37
Spruce 70,21 24152,52 6,75 2320,62 Spruce 28,38 22620,77 1,74 1383,66
Black
alder 64,13 18661,16 4,83 1404,18 Black
alder 64,86 9081,07 10,06 1408,73
Pine 94,2 90059,79 8,3 7925,46 Pine 69,23 9969,22 4,98 717,03
Other
species 72,07 3675,67 3,88 197,63 Other
species 74,12 1334,15 6,86 123,49
TOTAL: 460,6 323748,46 41,1 31362,04 TOTAL: 92537,26 11583,96
IM MM
Species
Carbon stock CO2 capture
Species
Carbon stock CO2 capture
C,
t*ha-1 Total C, t
CO2,
t*ha-1
per
year
CO2 total, t
per year C,
t*ha-1 Total C, t
CO2,
t*ha-1
per
year
CO2 total,
t per year
Aspen 49,88 6833,16 7,26 994,22 Aspen 44,14 1059,46 4,04 96,9
Grey alder 50,12 7518,42 10,86 1629,42 Grey alder 53,07 1698,28 4,96 158,8
Birch 68,39 49853,76 8,64 6298,12 Birch 85,18 3662,57 10,67 458,9
Spruce 18,13 19021,73 0,46 477,89 Spruce 95,31 1715,63 5,29 95,22
Black
alder 67,08 10732,18 11,78 1884,41 Black
alder 65,23 13,05 17,15 3,43
Pine 66,99 5090,89 4,56 346,45 Pine 87,94 1319,13 10,29 154,29
Other
species 67,16 940,21 11,43 160,08 Other
species 80,26 160,52 14,61 29,22
TOTAL: 99990,35 11790,59 TOTAL: 9628,64 996,76
43
The numbers of game animals per 1000 ha in the managed areas are shown in the figures below:
Density of the wild boars listed
in the animal accounting units in the open season of 2019/2020
Number per 1000
ha
44
Density of the elks listed in the animal accounting units in the open
season of 2019/2020
45
Density of the roes listed
in the animal accounting units in the open season of 2019/2020
Number per 1000 ha
Density of the deer listed
in the animal accounting units in the open season of 2019/2020
Number per 1000 ha
46
a) Forest health condition
Forest stands damaged by forest pests (ha)
SCA
LM
SC
A
BM
2018
Felling certificates taken out due to abiotic and
biotic conditions (Sanitary felling) 11.56 0
Forest stands damaged by forest pests
(ha)
SCA LM
SCA BM VE 2019
Felling certificates taken out due to
abiotic and biotic conditions (Sanitary
felling)
2.68 1.50 0
SCA LM
SCA BM VE
Forest damage caused by game, ha 36.48 18.73 0
Consequences of beaver activity, ha 44.44 8.45 0
Areas subject to sanitary felling due to
damage caused by wind and/or snow
and/or ice, ha
14.24 7.60 0
If chemicals or repellents are used for forest protection, they will be registered and used in
accordance with the guidelines "Procedures for recording plant protection products, conducting the
necessary training and use of labour safety equipment for persons working with plant protection products".
47
b) Environmental impact:
Monitoring of high conservation value forests
High conservation value forests are managed according to the following guidelines: “Good practice
guidelines for High Conservation Value (HCV) assessments”.
At least 5% of the total area is visited randomly during the annual monitoring of high conservation value
forests:
HCV 1;
HCV 2;
HCV 3;
HCV 4;
HCV 6;
Monitoring will be carried out according to the High Conservation Value Forest Monitoring Form.
During monitoring of the high conservation value forests, changes are identified regarding:
• Parameters such as species composition, age and supplies characterizing the structure of the
forest stand;
• The phytosanitary condition of the forest is inspected;
• The anthropogenic impact, including economic impact, if any, is assessed;
• Pollution is assessed;
• Impact of fires;
• Invasive species;
• Illegal felling or other illegal activities.
During the first certification cycle, territories will be inspected to determine their initial condition.
48
Illegal felling
Upon detecting illegal activities (such as illegal felling, construction and other unauthorized activities),
the SCA LM Group members should promptly inform the Head of the Group, competent governmental
and/or municipal authorities and record the respective event.
Violations found:
Location
Amount in m3 or ha
Date of detection
Vecrūpnieki, Birzgale rural territory 227.30 m3 23.03.2018.
Jaunkurpnieki, Grundzāle rural
territory 215.00 m3 31.07.2018.
Illegally cutted area “Jauncauneni” 142 m3 30.07.2020
In order to avoid violation of the felling area boundaries, if felling results in a reduction of the basal area
of the forest stand or a part thereof below the minimum basal area, except in the case of making openings
of 0.2 hectares or smaller while randomly felling, the felling area should be marked in the territory in such
a way that the boundaries of the felling area are clearly visible; the clear boundaries are deemed to be the
following:
forest stand up to 20 years
clearing
non-forest land
delimiting boundaries
forest infrastructure objects
boundaries of the felling area marked with paint, ribbon or the line of sight.
In order to ensure uniform requirements for the identification of the land unit boundaries and
establishment of boundary marks, SCA LM has developed a Procedure for mapping forest areas and
marking land boundaries
49
c) Social impact
There is free access to berry and mushroom picking and other recreational activities that are not
contrary to the existing legislation or certification requirements ensured in all forest holdings owned by
the managers. Restrictions regarding access to forests can only be made when required by labour safety
requirements (felling operations are carried out) or in other situations where there is a risk to society or
the environment.
The forest manager should consult the local community (including owners of neighbouring lands)
and other stakeholders regarding forest management and the plan. The forest manager should establish
and annually update a list of stakeholders, see Annex 4.
Each stakeholder is invited to submit suggestions, questions and comments by emailing them to:
[email protected] thereby continuously improving the forest manager's performance and ensuring
social responsibility. The Group members should promptly notify the Head of the Group of any comments
or complaints regarding certified forest holdings or activities in the SCA LM Group. All complaints and
comments are registered in “004 Non_conformance table”.
Comments (both external and internal) are assessed and within one month of receipt, the applicant
is provided with a response (action) to the comment and, if necessary, a response is included in the FMP.
Responses to comments are provided by the Head of the Group and the Group member, upon their mutual
agreement. The process is governed by the internal procedure P005 "Complaints procedure".
50
Number of people employed by the SCA LM Group members as a result of its economic activity:
N
Year
LM BM VM
Staff Outsourcing Staff Outsourcing Staff Outsourcing
Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female
2019 1 1 12 3 1 1 12 3 1 0 0 0
2020 4 1 21 17 1 1 21 17 1 0 21 17
2021 1 1 1 1 1 1
2022
2023
Year
AME AML IM
Staff Outsourcing Staff Outsourcing Staff Outsourcing
Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female
2020 1 1 1
2021 1 1 1
2022
2023
Year
NM MM
Staff Outsourcing Staff Outsourcing
Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female
2020 1 1 1
2021 1 1 1
2022
2023
51
Number of accidents in SCA LM Group forest management activities
Year
LM BM VM
Staff Outsourcing Staff Outsourcing Staff Outsourcing
Severe Fatal Severe Fatal Severe Fatal Severe Fatal Severe Fatal Severe Fatal
2019 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2020 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2021
2022
2023
Year
AME AML IM
Staff Outsourcing Staff Outsourcing Staff Outsourcing
Severe Fatal Severe Fatal Severe Fatal Severe Fatal Severe Fatal Severe Fatal
2020 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2021
2022
2023
Year
NM MM
Staff Outsourcing Staff Outsourcing
Severe Fatal Severe Fatal Severe Fatal Severe Fatal
2020 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2021
2022
2023
52
Trainings
To ensure Group member awareness of the certification, etc. requirements, SCA LM follows training
plan, available in SharePoint. Usually trainings are carried out after changes in standard, documentation,
internal or external audits. Company supports that employees can participate in external trainings or
inviting external lecturer to carry out training on site for employees. Training certificates and training
materials are uploaded to SharePoint.
d) Cost, productivity and efficiency
SCA LM Group members submit data on the following:
Forest regeneration
Forest tending
Property purchase
Sale of felling areas and holdings
Sale of timber
Administration costs
Assessment of costs, productivity and efficiency, data on assessment results are available in the
confidential part of the FMP.
53
c. Environmental protection measures
The forest manager is aware of the fact that improper felling can result in significant environmental damage,
therefore environmental impact assessments are performed at least once a year per subcontractor contract and
documented in the Forestry work assessment act. If non-conformities are found during the assessment additional
control is carried out and on-site training. Disturbing activity is considered to be final felling and thinning. The
planned forest management activities are modified taking into account the results of the environmental impact
assessment (by applying the most appropriate felling techniques, machinery, felling time, adapting skid trails, etc.).
The environmental impact assessment is conducted and documented by the Group member, a summary on the
findings is made by the Head of the Group. In order to ensure compliance with the environmental protection
requirements, there are written guidelines in place that are binding for different types of activities (preservation of
nature values in forests, protection of soil and water, etc.). Refer to Annex 2 for a list of SCA LM internal regulatory
documents.
Trees and forest structures to be preserved
Principles of selecting trees and forest structures to be preserved are governed by the “Guidelines for
Retaining Biomass and Trees to be Preserved in the Felling Area” and “Dabas un vides prasības
mežsaimniecības darbiem” developed by SCA LM. Compliance with the requirements of the guidelines
is binding on all forest managers of the SCA LM Group.
Seasonal protection measures
In order to reduce the negative impact of economic activities on the birds nesting in the forests with a high
density of native breeding birds and species diversity, SCA is not conducting any activity in soil types
specified by The Latvian Ornithological Society from 1st of April until 31 of May. Procedure available in
SharePoint “P008 Environmental impact”.
54
From 1 April to 30 June, no thinning is carried out in young stands of pine and deciduous trees up to the
age of 10 years and in young stands of spruce trees up to the age of 20 years, except for the young stands
with an average height of 0.7 m for conifers and up to 1 metre for deciduous trees.
Fire safety
Forest fire safety in the Republic of Latvia is regulated by Cabinet Regulation No. 238 "Fire Safety
Regulations".
Forest manager:
when reforesting conifer forest stands in Cladinoso-callunosa, Vacciniosa, Myrtillosa, and
Callunosa mel., as well as afforesting forest stands and plantation forests, areas larger than 5 ha
with a peat layer of no more than 0.15 m, they are subdivided by means of mineralized strips so
that they should not be larger than 5 ha. Requirements of this sub-paragraph do not apply to
afforested forest stands and plantation forests which have reached the age of 10 years for deciduous
trees and the age of 20 years for conifers;
forest object roads and natural carriageways which may be used for the purposes of fire-fighting,
before May 1 of each year, remove litter that may interfere with the movement of fire-fighting
vehicles;
by May 1 of each year, put in order roads and access roads to the fire water intakes and maintain
them in such a condition to ensure access for fire-fighting vehicles.
55
The manager establishes mineralized strips in section passes available for machinery (except for section
passes used as natural carriageways) that cross forest stand clusters of fire hazard class I, II or III larger than
50 ha, where the peat layer of the soil is no more than 0.15 m;
Division of Forest Stands and Felled Areas in Fire Hazard Classes and Requirements for Designations
No.
Fire hazard class
Description of the forest stand or felled
area
Colour code and colour model for designation
of fire hazard in the plan of fire safety
preventive measures of the forest object
red green blue
1. Class I - increased fire
hazard
Coniferous stands which are less than
40 years old, in all types of forest
growing conditions and forests of
coniferous plantations bred in
agricultural land. Plantations of
deciduous trees bred in agricultural land
which are less than 10 years old. Forest
stands and felled areas in a pine forest
and Callunoso-sphagnosa
255 0 0
2. Class II - high fire
hazard
Forest stands and felled areas in a
Myrtillosa, pine forest with spruce
understorey, Callunosa mel., and
Callunosa turf. mel.
255 0 255
3. Class III - medium fire
hazard
Forest stands and felled area in
Hylocomiosa, Myrtillosa mel.,
Vacciniosa mel., Myrtillosa turf. mel.,
and Vacciniosa turf. mel.
255 255 0
4. Class IV - low fire
hazard
Forest stands and felled areas in
Oxalidosa, Aegopodiosa, Vaccinioso-
sphagnosa, Myrtilloso-sphagnosa,
Myrtilloso-polytrichosa, Dryopteriosa,
Oxalidosa turf. mel., and Mercurialiosa
mel.
0 255 0
5. Class V - very low fire
hazard
Forest stands and felled areas in
Sphagnosa, Caricoso-phragmitosa,
Dryopteriosocaricosa, and
Filipendulosa
0 255 255
56
The following activities are prohibited during the period of time when the forest is vulnerable to fire:
making fires in forests and swamps (except in specially designated areas which prevent the
spread of fire outside this area);
leaving fires unattended; A fire site is left when the fire is extinguished and the glowing is
completely gone;
dropping burning or glowing matches, butts and other items in the forest, swamps or paths
crossing them;
driving motor vehicles through forests and swamps off-road, except when necessary for fire-
fighting, emergency assistance, forest management, and maintenance of engineering networks or
for the prevention of accidents;
carrying out any kind of burning (including burning of felling waste) without coordination with
the relevant territorial unit of the State Forest Service.
It is prohibited in the forest object:
to burn waste;
to burn cutting remains or to make a fire:
o closer than 2 m from growing trees;
o in places where the soil peat layer is thicker than 0.5 m, except when burning is done after the
rainy period or in winter;
during the period from 1 May to 1 September, to stack (to store) in heaps felling residues of forest
stands, if the heap is closer than 50 m from 10 to 40 years old coniferous forest stands with an area
of more than 1 ha, unless there is at least a 10 m wide track between the heap and the forest stand
(land free of trees from one forest wall to the other (opposite) forest wall, including roadbed, drainage
ditches and other infrastructure objects necessary for road operation);
Similarly, during daily felling operations, all machinery units operating in the forest have to have fire
extinguishers in working order. The forest manager controls the compliance with these rules, and the
Head of the Group ensures training on the requirements.
57
d. Identification and protection of rare, endangered and vanishing species
Existing taxation data are used as a basis for identifying rare, endangered and vanishing species, and taxation
data are updated at least every 20 years in accordance with the State's legislation, as well as upon purchasing
new forest holdings, if necessary. To ensure the protection of rare, endangered and vanishing species SCA
has all information available in forest management program LVM Geo. The forest manager ensures prior to
the commencement of economic activities that no rare, endangered or vanishing species is located in the
area. The protection of identified rare, endangered and vanishing species and habitats is carried out in
accordance with the Principles of Management of High Conservation Value Forests developed in accordance
with the legislation of the Republic of Latvia and Certification Standards.
58
e. Annex
1. Annex List of binding international agreements and laws and regulations
2. Annex List of binding SCA LM internal and other documents used in forest management planning
3. Annex List of stakeholders
4. Annex List of endangered species
5. Annex Guidelines, procedures and instructions
59
Annex I
State Forest Service Law, adopted on 25.11.1999.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 449 "State Forest Service Regulations", adopted on 30.07.2013.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 393 "Price List of Paid Services of the State Forest Service", adopted on 21.06.2016.
Law on Forests, adopted on 24.02.2000.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 393 "Procedures for Certification of Forest Inventory Makers and Supervision of Certified Persons", adopted on
21.06.2016.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 76 "Procedures by which Immovable Property Tax is not Imposed on Land under Regenerated or Newly
Established Forest Stands", adopted on 11.02.2003.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 384 "Regulations on Forest Inventory and Information Circulation in the State Forest Register" adopted on
21.06.2016;
Cabinet Regulation No. 647 "Forest Stand Assessment Procedure", adopted on 25.06.2009.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 308 "Reforestation, Afforestation and Plantation Forest Regulations", adopted on 02.05.2012.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 309 "Regulations on Tree Felling Outside the Forest", adopted on 02.05.2012.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 238 "National Forest Monitoring Regulations", adopted on 03.04.2012.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 228 "Procedure for Determining Damage Caused to the Forest", adopted on 29.04.2003.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 118 "Procedures by which State and Local Government Institutions Engage in Restricting Forest Fires", adopted
on 14.02.2006.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 776 "State Forest Land Alienation Procedure", adopted on 19.09.2006.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 889 "Regulations on the Criteria for Determining Compensation for Deforestation and Reimbursement
Procedure", adopted on 18.12.2012.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 935 "Regulations on Tree Felling in the Forest", adopted on 18.12.2012.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 936 “Environmental Protection Requirements in Forest Management”, adopted on 18.12.2012.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 947 "Regulations on Forest Protection Measures and Announcing of Emergency in the Forest", adopted on
18.12.2012.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 159 "Regulations regarding Forest Reproductive Material", adopted on 26.03.2013.; Cabinet Regulation No. 177 "Procedures for the Establishment and Management of Genetic Resource Forest Stands", adopted on
02.04.2013.;
Hunting Law, adopted on 08.07.2003.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 1455 "Regulations of the Hunting Management Development Fund", adopted on 10.12.2013.; Cabinet Regulation No. 1194 "Procedure for Determining Fees for the Use of Hunting Rights in State-Owned Hunting Areas", adopted
on 29.10.2013.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 1482 "Regulations for Compensation for Damage Caused by Violations of Hunting Laws and Illegally Obtained
Hunting Production", adopted on 17.12.2013.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 1483 "Regulations for the Additional Feeding of Wild Game", adopted on 17.12.2013.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 421 "Hunting Regulations", adopted on 22.07.2014.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 82 "Regulations on State Fees for Forestry and Hunting Activities", adopted on 11.02.2014.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 269 "Regulations on the Determination of Losses Caused by Wild Game and on Hunting Coordination
Commissions", adopted on 26.05.2014.;
Methodology for Assessing the Condition of Game Populations and for Determining the Allowable Hunting Rate, adopted on
20.06.2018.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 567 "Regulations on Training and Examination of Hunters and Hunting Managers, as well as Issuing and
Cancellation of Hunting Documents", adopted on 23.09.2014.;
On Specially Protected Nature Territories, adopted on 02.03.1993.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 264 "General Regulations on Protection and Use of Specially Protected Nature Territories", adopted on
16.03.2010.;
Protection Zone Law, adopted on 05.02.1997.; Cabinet Regulation No. 63 "Methodology for Determining Forest Protection Zones around Cities", adopted on 04.02.2003.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 306 "Regulations on the Methodology for Establishing an Operational Protection Zone around Land
Reclamation Structures and Devices on Agricultural and Forest Lands", adopted on 02.05.2012.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 406 "Methodology for the Determination of Surface Water Body Protection Zones", adopted on 03.06.2008.; Cabinet Regulation No. 392 "Methodology for Determining the Protection Zone (Protection Area) around Cultural Monuments", adopted
on 15.07.2003.;
Plant Protection Law, adopted on 17.12.1998.;
Law On the Conservation of Species and Biotopes, adopted on 16.03.2000.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 396 "Regulations on the List of Specially Protected Species and Restricted Species", adopted on 14.11.2000.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 940 "Regulations Regarding the Establishment and Management of Micro-reserves, Their Conservation, as well
as Determination of Micro-reserves and Their Buffer Zones", adopted on 18.12.2012.;
State Civil Service Law, adopted on 07.09.2000.;
On Inventory of Trees and Round Timber in Transactions, adopted on 16.12.2004.;
Law on the Compensation for Damages Caused by State Administrations, adopted on 02.06.2005.;
60
Cabinet Regulation No. 796 "Guidelines for the Activities of Open Call for Proposals", adopted on 26.09.2006.;
On Agriculture and Rural Development, adopted on 07.04.2004.;
Cabinet Regulation No. 171 "On Granting, Administering and Monitoring State and European Union Support for Improving the
Environment, Climate and the Rural Landscape in the 2014-2020 Planning Period", adopted on 07.04.2015;
On Protection of Cultural Monuments, adopted on 12.02.1992.;
Spatial Development Planning Law, adopted on 13.10.2011.;
On Compensation for Restrictions on Economic Activities in Protected Territories, adopted on 04.04.2013.
Cabinet Regulation No. 1051 "Forest Management Research and Monitoring Procedure";
Cabinet Regulation No. 123 "Regulations on the Establishment and Management of Parks and Forest Parks in the Forest";
Cabinet Regulation No. 98 "Regulations on Forest Management in Enclosed Forest Area Established for Captivity of Animals";
Cabinet Regulation No. 744 "Regulations on Accounting of Trees and Round Timber";
Cabinet Regulation No. 118 "Procedures for the Establishment of Agricultural Land in the Forest and the Issuing of a Permit for its
Establishment"
An updated list of binding regulations is available at: http://www.vmd.gov.lv/valsts-meza-dienests/statiskas-lapas/normativie-akti-
?id=807#jump
Name Effective
from
Effective in
Latvia from Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats, Bern,
1979
17.12.1996. 01.05.1997.
Bonn Convention On the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals,
Bonn, 1979
11.03.1999. 01.07.1999.
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and
Flora (CITES) Washington 17.12.1996. 12.05.1997.
Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context
(Espoo, 1991)
01.07.1998. 29.11.1998.
Convention on the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea Area,
Helsinki, 1974 and 1992
03.03.1994. 10.03.1994.
Convention No. 87 “On the Freedom of Associations and the Right to Join into
Organisations”
1948 27.01.1993.
Convention No. 151 “On Labour Relations” 1978. 27.01.1993.
Convention No. 158 “On Terminating Labour Relations at the Employer’s
Initiative”
02.06.1982. (25.08.1995.)
25.08.1995
Convention No. 155 “On Labour Safety, Health Protection and Work Environment”
03.06.1981. (03.06.1981.)
25.08.1995
Convention No. 81 “On Labour Inspection in the Industry and Trade” 11.07.1947. (25.08.1995.)
25.08.1995
Convention No.148 “On Work Environment” 20.06.1977. (08.03.1994.)
08.04.1994.
Convention No. 154 “On Supporting Collective Negotiations” 03.06.1981. (25.08.1995.)
25.08.1995
61
Annex II
Document name Version
number Date of issue
FSC & PEFC Agreement 1.0 01.10.2019.
List of members 1.0 01.10.2019.
Non-conformance table 1.0 19.02.2020.
Complaint register 1.0 01.10.2019.
Procedure for adding new site 1.0 01.10.2019.
Monitoring procedure 2.0 11.03.2020.
Non-conformance procedure 2.0 11.03.2020.
Leaving and exclusion from the group 1.0 01.10.2019.
Complaint procedure 1.0 01.10.2019.
Document control procedure 1.0 01.10.2019.
Guidelines for clearcut preparation 2.0 13.03.2021
Environmental impact 1.0 13.03.2021
FSC Trademark use 1.0 13.03.2021
Letter to the complainant 1.0 01.10.2019.
FSC un PEFC CoC FM proceduras 2.0 11.03.2021
Dabas un vides prasības mežsaimniecības darbiem 1.0 12.12.2020
62
Annex III
List of stakeholders
No. Name E-mail Phone No., notes
1 SIA "L.P. JANA" [email protected] We sell felling rights
2 SIA "MERVINS" [email protected] We sell felling rights
3 SIA "GROTES AB" [email protected] We sell felling rights
4 SIA "REVOSA" [email protected] We sell felling rights
5 SIA "Gadskārta R. D." [email protected] We sell felling rights
6 SIA "BILLERUDKORSNAS LATVIA" [email protected] We sell felling rights
7 SIA "KAVITA V" [email protected] We sell felling rights
8 SIA "ARGO MEŽS" n/a We sell felling rights
9 SIA "OŠUKALNS" [email protected] We sell felling rights
10 SIA "SILPEC" [email protected] We sell felling rights
11 SIA "LASKANA-MEŽS" [email protected] We sell felling rights
12 SIA “Wood 4 You” [email protected] We sell felling rights
13 SIA "Future Forest" [email protected] Our forest manager
14 SIA "4BUSINESS" [email protected] Our accounting
15 Hunters Club Limbaži [email protected] Hunters' group
16 Association Hunters Association Ramata [email protected] Hunters' group
17 Hunters Club Brīvzemnieki [email protected] Hunters' group
18 Hunters' Association Iekari [email protected] Hunters' group
19 Anna's Hunter and Fishermen Club [email protected] Hunters' group
20 Hunters' group Sausnēja [email protected] Hunters' group
21 Association Optimists A [email protected] Hunters' group
22 Association "Madona Hunters and Fishermen's Association"
[email protected] Hunters' group
23 Association "Hunters and Fishermen's
Club Ļaudona"
[email protected] Hunters' group
24 Hunters and Fishermen's Club Kalnāji [email protected] Hunters' group
25 State Forest Service [email protected] 67226600
26 Nature Conservation Agency [email protected] 67509544
27 Latvian State Forest Research Institute SILAVA
[email protected] 67901359
28 Latvian State Forests [email protected] 26680740
29 WWF [email protected] 67505640
30 Latvian Fund for Nature [email protected] 67830999
31 Environmental Protection Club [email protected] 67226042
32 Cultural Heritage Agency [email protected] 67229272
33 Latvian Ornithological Society [email protected] 67221518
34 Rural Support Service [email protected] 67038800
35 Land Register [email protected] 64224562
36 Madona municiplaity [email protected] 80000020
37 Koceni municipality [email protected] 28675556
38 Burtnieku municipality [email protected] 64226643
39 Smiltenes municipality [email protected] 64707588
40 Valka municipality [email protected] 25449980
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41 Limbazu municipality [email protected] 28398978
42 Dagda municipality [email protected] 26562946
43 Zilupe municipality [email protected] 65707311
43 Ludza municipality [email protected] 65707402
44 Ciblas municipality [email protected] 65700894
45 Riebini municipality [email protected] 65324375
46 Preili municipality [email protected] 65322766
47 Kraslava municipality [email protected] 65624383
48 Daugavpils municipality [email protected] 65404338
49 Ilukste municipality [email protected] 65447850
50 Karsava municipality [email protected] 65781390
51 Rezekne City council [email protected] 64607605
52 Cesvaine municipaliyt [email protected] 64852715
53 Gulbene municipality [email protected] 64497710
54 Madona municipality [email protected] 64860090
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Annex IV
The database of the endangered species of Latvia can be found in the database of species included in the
CITES Convention and in the Internet version of the Annual Red List of Threatened Animals and Plants
compiled by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN):
• http://www.cites.org/eng/resources/species.html
• http://www.daba.gov.lv
• Cabinet Regulation No. 350 “Regulations on the List of Specially Protected Habitat Types”
• Cabinet Regulation No. 940 “Regulations Regarding the Establishment and Management of Micro-
reserves, Their Conservation, as well as Determination of Micro-reserves and Their Buffer Zones”
65
Annex V
Guidelines for retaining biomass and trees to be preserved in the felling site
Retaining trees to be preserved in the felling site
In the felling sites, the structures characteristic of a natural forest should be preserved:
on average, 10 growing trees per 1 ha should be maintained in the final felling;
retained trees should be preserved regardless of their condition during subsequent life cycles;
where possible, such trees should be retained in groups;
Trees of the
previous generation which are able to grow — or, if there are no such, — trees which are able to grow and which are
larger than the average diameter of the dominant tree species in the area are to be deemed as trees to be preserved.
It is preferable that the above-mentioned trees to be preserved meet at least one of the following criteria:
trees from the previous life cycle;
oak, linden, pine, ash, elm, maple, hornbeam;
older trees and those with the largest dimensions with a broad, well-developed canopy;
trees with cavities;
trees with burning scars;
trees with large (D> 50 cm) bird nests and a row of trees (15-20 m) around them.
Retaining fallen and dry trees in the felling site
Fallen, broken or standing dry trees in the felling sites should be preserved under the following conditions:
trees with a diameter of more than 50 cm at a height of 1.3 m from the root or at the fracture point;
thicker trees;
if the total amount of dry trees retained in the felling area exceeds 8 trunks or parts thereof on average per ha, the
remaining dry wood may be economically used;
standing dry trees should not be preserved in operational protection zones.
If standing dry trees are closer than the height of the tree to be retained from roads, railways, power lines, other
overhead transmission lines, places of public interest and if it is technically possible, to preserve them as high stumps
(3-5m). If this is not technically possible, they should be cut and placed parallel to the skid trail.
To limit the possible spread of root rot caused by fungi Heterobasidion annosums.l., it is recommended to use
economically dry spruce wood (less than 50 cm in diameter).
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The amount of dry wood preserved in areas of importance for nature protection can be increased.
In specially protected nature territories (nature reserves, nature parks), unless otherwise stated in the individual
protection and utilization regulations, on average at least 20m3 of dry wood per ha of the felling site should be kept.
At least 20 trunks or parts thereof per hectare of fallen, broken or standing dry trees with a diameter of more than 25
cm should be preserved in the mating-places of capercaillies.
The amount of dry wood to be preserved in areas frequently visited by the public (along roads, pedestrian, biking
trails, recreation areas, etc.) can be reduced.
Dry wood should be preferably stored in one or more groups — in old (trees with signs of decomposition), small (less
than 0.1 ha), windfall sites unaffected by economic activities.
In burned stands that were older than 30 years at the time of burning, to preserve surviving trees in groups
or scattered, as well as groups of dead trees arranged in a mosaic-like manner.
Placement of ecological values
In humid micro-lowlands (terrain depressions with high humidity), the understorey, lying dead wood, dry
trees and undergrowth shall be preserved and trees to be retained should be concentrated around them as
far as possible.
In transition zones from the forest to an open ecosystem (grassland, pastures, arable land) in the area where
the width of the forest stand is equal to half of the average height of the trees of the dominant stand:
dry dead trees with D> 25 cm and individual specimens of undergrowth species shall be retained to the extent that this
does not interfere with forestry activities;
preference shall be given for concentration of the trees to be retained.
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Guidelines for the Protection of Water in Forest Operations
1. After the completion of works, it is not permissible to leave watercourses or ditches blocked by felling remains or grooves
caused by machinery;
2. Artificial run-offs (formed due to grooves) flowing into natural watercourses, water bodies, ditches or creating flooded
areas shall not be allowed;
3. The entry of muddy water pushed along the skid trails into ditches, rivers or other water bodies should be prevented;
4. If muddy water containing humus is pushed along the grooves of the skid trails by the machinery, proceed as follows:
if there is a lot of water pushed by the machinery, make a thick several metre long branch layer in individual
places to reduce the flow of water on the skid trail. Such branch layers form barriers that reduce the flow of pushed
water;
before crossing watercourses, ditches or other water bodies make a branch layer on the skid trail. The branch layer
should be long enough to completely prevent muddy water from flowing into watercourses, ditches or other bodies
of water.
5. If skid trails cross ditches or watercourses and the watercourse is not large, timber and felling remains shall be laid therein.
6. To prevent deformation of the edges of the ditch or watercourse, timber and felling remains are placed 3-4 m beyond both
edges of the ditch or watercourse.
7. If the ditch or watercourse has a large water flow, temporary crossings (bridges) shall be made:
base beams are formed by throwing the thickest timber across the ditch or watercourse on which the thinnest
timber and felling remains are laid;
using special plastic pipes that are laid in a ditch or watercourse and covered with felling remains.
8. After completion of the works, timber and felling remains are removed from ditches and watercourses and a normal water
flow is restored.
9. If felling is followed by soil preparation and soil preparation machinery requires a bridge to cross ditches or watercourses,
the following should be done after the completion of felling operations:
temporary bridges made of timber shall be preserved;
if a crossing was made by laying timber in the ditch, and future contractors have the technical abilities to make
the crossing, the timber should be taken out and placed on the edge of the ditch;
such crossings shall be kept only with the permission of the official of the company who assigned the work task.
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Forest management guidelines
In the harvesting of wood, the clear felling method is mainly used for the final felling. In
accordance with the nature protection requirements, the forest manager does not perform clear felling in
the protection zones (contact (transition) area) around the swamps (maintains the density of growing trees
on the first storey of the forest stand no less than 0.4).
for swamp areas of 10 to 100 hectares — within 20 metres;
for swamp areas larger than 100 hectares — within 50 metres for forest site types of dry, drained, wet mineral
soils and drained peat soils and within at least 100 metres for forest site types of wet peat soils.
Reforestation of the stands dominated by oak, linden, maple, flattering elm, elm and hornbeam is
ensured at least to the extent of the proportion of particular species prior to the commencement of the final
felling. According to the national legislation (Cabinet Regulation No. 935 “Rules for Tree Cutting in the
Forest”), no clear felling is performed in the forest stands where the dominant species is oak, linden,
maple, flattering elm, elm or hornbeam.
The following sites are not subject to forest management activities, unless they present a real risk
of disease and pest infestation in the surrounding stands and/or threats to labour safety:
certain wind-throw and windfall areas where large trees have grown;
in burned stands older than 30 years, in groups or scattered — surviving trees, as well as dead trees in groups
wild apples and junipers.
a) Wet forest management
The following requirements are met in management of wet forests:
In wet spruce forests (Dryopteriosocaricosa, Filipendulosa, Dryopteriosa, Myrtilloso-polytrichosa and Caricoso-
phragmitosa), efforts shall be made to preserve the undergrowth and at least partial regeneration under the crowns
of the parent stand shall be facilitated;
In wet deciduous forests (Dryopteriosocaricosa, Filipendulosa, Dryopteriosa, Myrtilloso-polytrichosa, as well as
Caricoso-phragmitosa where the black alder prevails), at least 30 growing trees per 1 ha shall be retained, the
trees shall be retained in groups;
In wet deciduous and spruce forests (Dryopteriosocaricosa, Filipendulosa, Dryopteriosa, Myrtilloso-polytrichosa,
as well as Caricoso-phragmitosa where the black alder prevails) regeneration of growing tree species should be
encouraged appropriately.
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b) Forest thinning and reforestation
The main task of reforestation is to grow productive and high-quality forest that meets the
requirements of forestry, either by reforestation or planting, or by promoting natural regeneration,
provided that it is carried out with tree species appropriate to the given growing conditions. Only certified
forest reproductive material is used for artificial forest regeneration in the SCA LM Group.
Thinning of young stands is aimed at promoting the growth of tree species that are best suited for
the particular forest site type. It should also be noted that thinning increases future forest productivity and
the value of retained trees, which depends on the genetic characteristics of the plants or seeds. Proper
selection of seedlings has a significant impact on the increase of wood supplies and on the quality of the
trunks. Properly cultivated young stands leave significantly increased growth space for retained trees
thereby reducing the length of forest growing cycle.
Thinning should be performed when the trees of the forest run short of resources needed for growth
— water, nutrients and light. During thinning, a part of the stand is periodically cut down.
In pure stands, thinning regulates the density and improves the quality of the stand, while in mixed
stands it creates a forest stand of the desired species composition and quality.
The intensity of thinning depends on the composition of the forest stand, the age, the stand, the
biological characteristics of the main species, the forest site type and the forestry purpose of the stand
management, as well as on the ability of the forest stand to continue wood production to the extent that at
the time of the final felling the wood supplies are close to the maximum possible.
a) Machinery and technology used in felling.
The SCA LM Group uses, within limits, hand-held power tools to minimize the impact of felling
on soil and growing trees, as well as to increase the assortment and its quality. The technical requirements
for the timber delivery technique are determined individually, taking into account the timber delivery
conditions and distance, as well as methods to minimize the negative impact of harvesting techniques on
the soil.
b) Labour protection
All companies involved in forest operations within the SCA LM Group shall have a labour
protection system in place that is in compliance with the Labour Protection Law and shall comply with the
binding requirements for safe work, which are regulated by Cabinet Regulation No. 310 "Labour
Protection Requirements in Forestry"
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Guidelines for the construction, maintenance and closure of forest roads
1. Forest infrastructure objects (hereinafter referred to as the FIO) shall be used in accordance with their intended functions.
2. Forest roads (hereinafter referred to as the FR) shall be operated taking into account the assumed maximum load on the
vehicle axle calculated during the designing stage — 10 t, as well as the characteristics of the vehicle load, technical
condition of the road and meteorological conditions.
3. The maximum permitted gross vehicle weight shall be 52 tonnes unless otherwise specified for a given road section.
4. For trucks, the maximum speed on forest roads shall be 30 km/h. When driving, road parameters, visibility, road conditions,
vehicle load characteristics, timber-yard location and weather conditions shall be taken into account.
5. As for cars, road parameters, visibility, road condition, timber-yard location and weather conditions shall be taken into
account when driving on forest roads and choosing speed.
6. Timber transportation intensity shall be selected according to the load capacity of the road at a given moment.
7. It is forbidden on the forest roads:
7.1. to violate the Road Traffic Regulations;
7.2. to perform actions that result in significant damage or destruction of the FR elements:
7.2.1. road surfacing,
7.2.2. constructional layers of the road,
7.2.3. bridges and culverts,
7.2.4. other equipment;
7.3. to perform activities that result in damage or destruction of the FR equipment:
7.3.1. road signs,
7.3.2. barriers,
7.3.3. gates,
7.3.4. other equipment;
7.4. to obstruct the carriageway, roadsides and road engineering structures;
7.5. to use the roadside for driving and vehicle parking;
8. If, as a result of economic activity, the forest infrastructure object has been littered, polluted or damaged, littering or pollution
shall be eliminated, and the damage caused shall be prevented.
9. If the vehicle has started loading timber, thus obstructing the road, other vehicles shall wait for the loading work to be
completed.
10. Upon detecting conditions in the forest infrastructure objects that threaten road safety or the functioning of the FR, it shall
be promptly reported to the forest infrastructure object manager, and the place endangering the forest infrastructure users shall
be signed by any appropriate means (such as highly visible and contrasting cloth, paper or reflector).
11. If signing of the dangerous place does not ensure a safe operation of the FR or the traffic safety, the forest manager shall,
depending on the ownership of the FR, close or propose the closure of the FR until the hazard is eliminated.
12. An environmental impact assessment shall be always carried out prior to the commencement of FR construction or
reconstruction activities.
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Procedure for mapping forest areas and marking land boundaries
General issues
A procedure is developed to ensure unified land unit boundary identification and boundary mark
establishment requirements in the real estate of the members of the SCA LM Forest Management Group.
Laws and regulations applied:
1. National Real Estate Cadastre Law. Adopted on 1 December 2005.
2. Cabinet Regulation No.1019 "Regulations on Cadastral Survey of Land". Adopted on 27 December 2011.
3. Civil Law. Part Three. Property Rights. Adopted on 28 January 1937.
Establishment of boundaries.
1. Boundary establishment works (boundary marks, lines of sight, boundary markings, placement of
identification plates) shall be done within 3 (three) months from the moment of signing the boundary
determination deed, however, they shall always be established by the time the draft land boundary plan
is submitted. A time period during which the establishment of the boundary marks is not possible due
to adverse weather conditions shall not be included in the time limit.
Area mapping
1. Upon surveying a land unit, the land boundary plan, contingency plan and encumbrance plan shall be drawn up as separate
documents for each unit of land.
2. The plan is a mutually executed document consisting of a title page in A4 format and a graphic representation in A4 or A3
format. The plan shall be prepared on the basis of technical data obtained from the land cadastral survey. If the graphic
part of the plan cannot be drawn on a single A3-sized page, the graph shall be spread over several pages, indicating the
layout of the pages.
72
Boundary marking
1. Boundary markings can be placed on growing trees along the edge of the boundary strip or in the line of sight on the
owner's side of land.
2. The marking shall be placed in such a way that the next marked tree is clearly visible from the previous marked tree. The
distance between two adjacent marked trees shall not exceed 50 m.
Establishment of boundary marks
1. Boundary mark sites are marked and boundary lines of sight are established on site by a surveyor. The time of the boundary
mark establishment is specified in the boundary establishment deed.
2. Upon joining the allocated boundaries, the common boundary points shall be surveyed.
3. Pipes or rods shall be dug into a depth of 0.5m, leaving 0.3m of the pipe (rod) above the ground to form a landmark, but
where its preservation is endangered, a pipe (rod) shall be buried 0.3m below the land surface without providing a
landmark.
4. When establishing boundary marks, a circular ditch, with an inner edge 110 cm from the centre of the boundary mark,
shall be dug around the cross stones, reinforced concrete posts, masonry and wooden posts, metal pipes and rods. Depth
of the ditch — 30 cm, width at the ground level — 50 cm, width of the bottom of the ditch — 20 cm. A 30 cm high soil
embankment shall be made around the boundary mark. If a land mark is to be formed in towns and villages, it shall be
made with a diameter of 1 m.
5. The boundaries of the land unit shall be fixed on site by permanent boundary marks, which shall be made in the following
places:
Boundary turning points;
where boundaries join or branch off watercourses and (or) bodies of water;
at the turning points of the right of way of the state roads and rural territory roads at road sections through the village,
summer cottage and horticultural building territories and in places where the right of way extends or narrows;
at the turning points of the railway right of way.
6. If a State's geodetic sign is established at the place where the boundary mark is established, the State's geodetic mark shall
be the boundary mark in the area.
7. If the property boundary passes along the section lane, hidden boundary marks shall be placed in the section lane and, in
addition to it, a fixed border point shall be established at the edge of the section lane, where another property begins.
8. Boundary marks shall not be established or fixed at turning points:
along the banks of water courses and (or) bodies of water;
in the watercourses and (or) bodies of water;
beneath structures, at the corners of structures, in swamps and other inaccessible areas.
9. The following shall be used as boundary marks:
cross stones — boulders weighing at least 60 kg with a 6 cm long and 0.5 cm deep cross-shaped carving in the centre
of the boundary-mark;
reinforced concrete poles — 130 cm high poles with a minimum cross-section of 10 x 10 cm and a cross-bar placed
73
in a loop at the bottom of the post;
wooden poles — 130 cm high poles with a diameter of 15-20 cm and a cross-bar attached to the lower end;
metal pipes, rods — 80 cm high pipes, rods with a diameter of 2 to 3 cm and a cross-bar attached to the lower end;
8–50 cm long metal rods and pins in hard covering (for example, tiles, asphalt concrete, cement concrete);
50 to 80 cm long metal pipes, rods and pins in the ground;
fence poles — regardless of their size;
corners of the structure;
0.8 m long plastic pipes with a cross-section diameter of 3 cm to 5 cm and a cross-section attached at the bottom.
74
Guidelines for minimizing soil damage
The following requirements shall be observed to minimize soil damage and water pollution:
A technological map of the felling area shall identify major and secondary roads, skid trails, timber-yards, large
drainage systems, bridges at water crossing points, buffer zones and protected territories.
Contractors shall take steps to minimize the formation of grooves in skid trails inside and outside felling sites during
work;
Attention shall be paid to the delivery circumstances. Planning of felling time shall take into account the bearing
capacity of the soil in each forest site type;
Machinery that is not intended by the manufacturer to be used for thinning operations may not be used in the thinning
felling.
Before felling, the territory of the felling area shall be inspected and local wet depressions shall be marked in the
felling area outline. Planning of skid trails and technological corridors shall be performed in such a way as to avoid,
if possible, the crossing of wet depressions.
Skid trails from the felling area to the timber-yard shall be as short as possible and planned in drier areas. This will
reduce the cost of work and the area of potential soil damage.
Construction of skid trails and movement with machinery shall be prohibited in ravines, sinkholes, landslides, rocky
outcrops and within 10 metres of their upper edge. Requirements apply to ravines which are at least 15 metres deep,
10 metres wide and with a slope of at least 30 degrees;
Movement with the machinery shall be allowed only along the planned timber skid trails or technological corridors.
To move beyond the skid trails shall be permitted only in exceptional cases:
Crossing of the watercourses shall be avoided wherever possible. Where unavoidable, the watercourse shall be crossed
in one place or in as few places as possible.
If there are slopes in the felling area which, when crossed by the machinery, are destroyed and significant soil damage
is caused, the direction of movement of the machinery shall be chosen going down the slope. This direction of
movement of the machinery shall be chosen if there is a possibility of circumnavigating the slope using a lower-grade
place.
Avoid planning skid trails in the areas where grooves can create an artificial run-off.
Avoid planning timber-yards in the areas with low soil bearing capacity when the soil is not frozen or is dry.
75
Requirements for reducing environmental pollution
Introduction
This document describes the requirements and measures to be taken to prevent or limit environmental
pollution upon performing forest operations.
The purpose of these requirements is as follows:
o To prevent or reduce pollution that may cause harm to human health, property and the environment;
o To identify the main precautions to be taken to ensure the reduction of pollution;
o To provide SCA LM employees and contractors with basic knowledge of environmental pollution response.
1. Requirements
1.1. In order to reduce or eliminate environmental pollution in forest operations, the following requirements are set for:
1.1.1. machinery and power tools;
1.1.2. storage and transportation of petroleum products,
1.1.3. use of petroleum product absorbent materials;
1.1.4. waste management.
1.2. General requirements for reducing environmental pollution are set out in the "Environmental Protection Law" and the Law
"On Pollution", and are binding on all forest operators.
2. Requirements for machinery and power tools
2.1. During forest operations, soil and water pollution is not allowed. Machinery and power tools involved in forestry operations
shall be free of oil, fuel and technical fluid leakage. If leaks are found, the work shall be stopped immediately and repairs
carried out.
3. Requirements for storage and transportation of petroleum products
3.1. Fuelling of the machinery used in forestry operations shall comply with the requirements of the "European Agreement
concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road" (ADR)
3.2. Personnel involved in dangerous goods transportation shall be trained, and training shall be documented in accordance
with sections 1.3. and 1.3.3. of Volume I of the ADR Agreement.
3.3. All fuel tanks stored in the forest operation sites or used for fuel supply shall be labelled in accordance with the requirements
set out in Volume II of the ADR Agreement.
3.4. Fuel tanks shall have hazard pictograms and indications of the substance to be transported. The dimensions of the edges
of the hazard pictograms shall be 10 cm. For diesel, the hazard pictograms are red diamonds with a black or white flame and
the number "3" at the bottom corner, and a fish and wood symbol warning of the environmentally hazardous substance. When
transporting diesel, its code — UN1202 — shall be displayed on the tank. For tanks larger than 450 l, the hazard pictograms
and the fuel code shall be affixed to the two opposite sides of the tank.
3.5. Only metal containers (IBC) of medium carrying capacity that meet the requirements of the ADR agreement shall be
allowed to be stored on the ground at the site of forest operations.
3.6. Any type of fuel tank complying with the ADR Agreement shall be permitted for fuel supply.
3.7. All fuel tanks shall have the ADR designation codes. The fuel tank code shall contain the symbol and the capital letters Y,
Z or X indicating the following packaging groups:
3.7.1. Y — packaging groups II and III (petrol, diesel);
3.7.2. Z — packaging group III only (diesel);
3.7.3. X — packaging groups I, II and III.
3.8. Where specialized road transport is used to supply fuel to the forest operation site, it shall comply with the requirements
of the ADR Agreement.
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3.9. Upon transporting more than 60 l of fuel by road, the following has to be in place: cargo accompanying documents, a bill of
lading in accordance with the ADR Agreement, and other documents in accordance with applicable laws and regulations.
3.10. Upon preferential ADR terms, i.e., without a special driving licence for the transportation of dangerous goods, diesel may
be transported up to 1000 litres per transport unit.
3.11. When transporting fuel tanks or cans, they shall be fixed in accordance with Cabinet Regulation No.166 "Regulations on
the Placement and Fixing of Piece Goods in Road Transport".
3.12. Where cans or power tools are transported in the passenger compartment, they shall be fixed to prevent unrestricted
movement by means of lashings, mesh, covers or other means of fixing.
3.13. Fuel and oil cans used for refuelling power tools shall be fitted with a fuel and oil spill protection nozzle.
3.14. Technical fluids and petroleum products shall be stored in appropriate and tightly sealed packages.
4. Requirements for the use of petroleum product absorbent materials
4.1. Pollution of soil and water by petroleum products or technical fluids during refuelling and operation of forest machinery
and power tools shall be prevented or minimized.
4.2. Significant soil pollution is considered to be the case when the discharge of petroleum products or technical fluids into the
soil exceeds 100 cm2 on the soil surface.
4.3. Significant pollution of water is considered to be the presence of a coloured film characteristic of petroleum products on
the surface of water.
4.4. All units of machinery involved in forest operations shall have an environmental protection (petroleum product absorbent)
kit comprising the following:
4.4.1. petroleum product absorbent mats;
4.4.2. petroleum product absorbent boom;
4.4.3. pair of gloves;
4.4.4. waste bags.
4.5. To prevent or reduce environmental pollution, use the petroleum product absorbent materials of the environmental
protection kit.
4.6. Requirements for the use of petroleum product absorbent mats:
4.6.1. Absorbent mats are to be used in all places where petroleum products or technical liquids are leaking:
4.6.1.1. refuelling the fuel tank, fuel or oil tank of machinery in the event of a leakage;
4.6.1.2. repairing machinery or power tools, where petroleum products or technical fluids are leaking;
4.6.1.3. under the packaging of technical liquids and petroleum products in the case of leakage.
4.7. Requirements for the use of petroleum product absorbent booms:
4.7.1. When crossing watercourses or performing work in the immediate vicinity of water, machinery units shall be regularly
checked for petroleum product or technical fluid leakage.
4.7.2. The petroleum product absorbent boom is used in all cases where the coloured film characteristic of petroleum products
can be observed on water.
4.7.3. In running water, the petroleum product absorbent boom shall be placed downstream and as close as possible to the point
of pollution. The boom(s) shall be placed in such a way to prevent the further spreading of pollution.
5. Requirements for waste management
5.1. Upon carrying out forestry operations, soil and water pollution with municipal or hazardous waste (waste containing
petroleum products, hydraulic pipes, oil filters, packaging of technical fluids and lubricants, batteries, etc.) shall not be allowed.
5.2. Municipal waste generated during forest operations shall be stored in waste bags and transported to the appropriate location
after completion of the work.
5.3. Hazardous waste shall be stored in waste bags and delivered to hazardous waste collection sites after completion of the
work.
5.4. Petroleum product absorbent materials used up shall be stored in waste bags and returned to the vendor on completion of
the work under the terms of the contract of sale or disposed of at hazardous waste disposal sites.
5.5 Leaving, burying or incinerating any type of waste in the forest or at any other forest operation site is not allowed!
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6. Action to reduce environmental pollution
6.1. If soil, water pollution or waste is detected prior to the execution of the work, this fact shall be reported immediately to the
responsible SCA LM official who has assigned the task.
6.2. If soil or water is polluted during the execution of the work, emergency1 measures shall be organized and carried out to
prevent pollution spreading or entering the groundwater.
6.3. If petroleum products or technical fluids are leaking and soil damage occurs, remediation2 of polluted soil shall be carried
out. The topsoil of damaged soil shall be raked off, placed in waste bags and taken to hazardous waste disposal sites.
6.4. In the event of leakage of petroleum products or technical fluids into water courses or water bodies, absorbent booms shall
be used immediately.
6.5. Hazardous3 environmental pollution shall be reported immediately to the responsible SCA LM official who has assigned
the task.
6.6. Actions to be taken by the SCA LM employees:
6.7. If the environment is polluted by hazardous pollution, the responsible SCA LM person who supervises the work shall
proceed as follows:
6.8. immediately organize and carry out emergency measures;
6.9. immediately inform the Regional Environmental Board of the State Environmental Service in writing regarding the
environmental damage and provide a full description of the situation;
6.10. organize and carry out remedial measures within its competence.
6.11. The responsible SCA LM employee and the forest operator, in the course of self-monitoring, shall record the cases of
environmental pollution and violations of the requirements in the work performance inspection report.
7. Compensation for environmental damage
7.1. In the case of damage to the environment caused by forest operations, the responsible SCA LM official shall assess the
liability in accordance with the laws and regulations and the terms and conditions of the contractor's agreement.
7.2. The forest operator, whose professional activities caused environmental damage or direct threat of damage, shall bear the
costs of preventive, emergency and remedial measures.
8. Contacts of the Regional Environmental Boards of the State Environmental Service
8.1. Daugavpils Regional Environmental Board: implements the State environmental protection policy in the cities of
Daugavpils and Jēkabpils and 14 municipalities of Līvāni, Preiļi, Ilūkste, Vārkava, Daugavpils, Jēkabpils, Sala, Krustpils,
Aknīste, Viesīte, Dagda, Krāslava, Aglona and Riebiņi.
8.1.1. Tel.: 65423219
8.1.2. E-mail: [email protected]
8.2. Jelgava Regional Environmental Board: implements the State environmental protection policy in the municipalities of
Jelgava, Ozolnieki, Bauska, Vecumnieki, Iecava, Rundāle, Dobele, Auce and Tērvete.
8.1.2. Tel.: 63023228
8.2.2. E-mail: [email protected]
8.3. Maritime and Internal Waters Authority: performs its functions in the territorial sea waters of the Republic of Latvia,
the continental shelf, the exclusive economic zone and port aquatorium (Latvian sea waters), as well as in the internal waters
of the Republic of Latvia, international waters as defined in accordance with the regulatory enactments governing fishing in
the European Union (EU) and in the waters of EU Member States and non-EU Member States.
8.1.3. Tel.: 67469664
8.3.2. E-mail: [email protected]
8.4. Lielrīga Regional Environmental Board: implements the State environmental protection policy in the cities of Riga and
Jūrmala and 20 municipalities of Ādaži, Babīte, Baldone, Carnikava, Garkalne, Ikšķile, Inčukalns, Ķegums, Ķekava, Lielvārde,
Mālpils, Mārupe, Ogre, Olaine, Ropaži, Salaspils, Saulkrasti, Sēja, Sigulda and Stopiņi.
8.1.4. Tel.: 67084278
8.4.2. E-mail: [email protected]
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8.5. Liepāja Regional Environmental Board: implements the State environmental protection policy in the municipalities of
Nīca, Rucava, Grobiņa, Durbe, Pāvilosta, Aizpute, Priekule, Vaiņode, Skrunda, Alsunga, Kuldīga, Saldus and Brocēni.
8.5.1. Tel.: 63424826
8.5.2. E-mail: [email protected]
8.6. Madona Regional Environmental Board: implements the State environmental protection policy in 14 municipalities of
Madona, Cesvaine, Ērgļi, Lubāna, Varakļāni, Gulbene, Alūksne, Ape, Aizkraukle, Jaunjelgava, Koknese, Nereta, Skrīveri and
Pļaviņas.
8.6.1. Tel.: 64807451
8.6.2. E-mail: [email protected]
8.7. Rēzekne Regional Environmental Board: implements the State environmental protection policy in the municipalities of Rēzekne, Viļāni, Balvi, Baltinava, Rugāji, Viļaka, Ludza, Cibla, Kārsava, Zilupe and in the city of Rēzekne.
8.7.1. Tel.: 64638207
8.7.2. E-mail: [email protected]
8.8. Valmiera Regional Environmental Board: implements the State environmental protection policy in the city of Valmiera
and 21 municipalities of Aloja, Amata, Beverīna, Burtnieki, Cēsis, Jaunpiebalga, Krimulda, Līgatne, Limbaži, Mazsalaca,
Naukšēni, Pārgauja, Priekuļi, Rauna, Rūjiena, Salacgrīva, Smiltene, Strenči, Valka, Kocēni and Vecpiebalga.
8.8.1. Tel.: 64207266
8.8.2. E-mail: [email protected]
8.9. Ventspils Regional Environmental Board: implements the State environmental protection policy in the municipalities
of Ventspils, Talsi, Dundaga, Roja, Mērsrags, Tukums, Engure, Jaunpils and Kandava.
8.9.1. Tel.: 63626903
8.9.2. E-mail: [email protected]
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Procedures for recording plant protection products, conducting necessary training
and use of labour safety equipment for persons working with the plant protection
products.
The procedure is established in accordance with Paragraph 5 of Section 5 and Part Two of Section 9 of the Plant Protection
Law and the Cabinet Regulation No. 950 "Regulations Regarding the Use of Plant Protection Products".
I. General issues
1. The Regulations specify:
the requirements for the use and storage of the plant protection products;
the duties and rights of the professional plant protection product users and operators;
the special measures for the protection of the aquatic environment and drinking water.
II. Storage requirements for the plant protection products
1. Plant protection products shall be stored in their original packaging, observing storage conditions specified on the labelling,
as well as the requirements of Part Three of Section 9 of the Plant Protection Law and the Protection Zone Law.
2. Plant protection products shall be stored on shelves or on pallets. If the storage place is a room where a person may be for
the purpose of handling plant protection products (e.g., sorting, moving), air exchange shall be provided.
3. Fuel storage facilities, living or administrative premises, animal enclosures, buildings that can be flooded and cellars, with
the exception of those built above the ground, may not be used as places for the storage of the plant protection products.
4. First-class plant protection products shall be stored in a closed, ventilated room separately from other plant protection
products.
5. Packaging of used plant protection products shall be kept together with the plant protection products until disposal and shall
be disposed of in accordance with the procedures specified in the regulatory enactments regarding waste management. This
requirement may be disregarded if the packaging of the used plant protection product is no longer regarded as hazardous waste
in accordance with the laws and regulations on waste classification and the characteristics rendering the waste hazardous.
6. At the property where the plant protection products are stored or used, the persons involved in the work shall have access to:
personal protective equipment (e.g., a respirator, safety goggles, protective clothing, gloves);
absorbent materials (e.g., dry sawdust or peat);
equipment needed for emergency operations in the event of spillage of the plant protection products (e.g., a broom, a
bucket, a scoop).
7. Plant protection products may only be used for the purpose and against the harmful organisms mentioned on the label, within
the prescribed dose, as well as in accordance with the labelling requirements concerning dilution of plant protection products
and preparation of mixtures before use, the stage of crop development, the number of treatments per season, the waiting time
between the last treatment and the harvest and restrictions regarding the protection of human and animal health and the
environment.
8. Each plant protection product user and operator is responsible for the protection of human and animal health and the
environment.
9. As far as possible, plant protection products which are potentially less hazardous to the environment and to human and
animal health, which are not classified as hazardous to the aquatic environment and which do not contain priority hazardous
substances in accordance with the legislation on water management shall be selected. The service shall place and update
information on plant protection products and their potential adverse effects on human health and the environment on its website.
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10. In order to protect the aquatic environment and drinking water intake sites, plant protection products shall be used in
compliance with the requirements specified in regulatory enactments regarding protection zones.
11. The user of first and second class plant protection products shall keep a register. The register shall list both purchased plant
protection products (date of receipt, name of the plant protection product, size and quantity of packages) and plant protection
products used up (information on the crop species or objects treated (e.g., grain elevator), the territory treated and its area, date
of treatment, name and dose of the plant protection product used). The register shall be kept for at least three years.
III. Requirements for the use of the plant protection products
1. When using plant protection products, it is prohibited:
to involve persons under the age of 18, pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers;
to use damaged, unregulated equipment for the use of the plant protection products, as well as equipment that has not
been inspected in accordance with the procedures specified in regulatory enactments regarding equipment for the use
of the plant protection products;
to leave unattended working fluids prepared and plant protection products unused;
to pour out remnants of the working fluid intended for spraying;
for unauthorized persons to be in the place where the plant protection products are used;
to eat, drink and smoke.
2. The empty packaging of the plant protection product shall be rinsed three times with clean water, and rinsing water shall be
poured into the container intended for the working fluid. The packaging of the plant protection products containing the active
substances magnesium and aluminium phosphide shall be managed in accordance with the requirements of regulatory
enactments regarding waste management and in accordance with the instructions on the labelling of these plant protection
products.
3. After application of the plant protection product, the remnant of the working fluid shall be diluted with large amounts of
water and sprayed on the treated field. At the end of the work, the tank shall be rinsed with clean water or with the detergent
indicated on the label of the plant protection product used and shall be sprayed on the treated field.
4. It is prohibited to reuse packaging of the plant protection products used up.
5. When using plant protection products for spraying sowings and plantings, the following safety measures shall be observed:
Plants may be sprayed if the wind speed does not exceed four metres per second. If the sprayer is equipped with pre-
installed auxiliaries (auxiliary devices) that reduce the impact of the wind on the spray, ensuring that the spray is only
applied to the intended surface to be treated, the plants may be sprayed if the wind speed does not exceed eight metres
per second;
while working, the operation quality of the sprayer, as well as the use of the preparation shall be monitored.
In order to protect bees and other pollinators, the person, while using plant protection products, shall
observe the special safety requirements specified on the labelling, if it contains:
the indication "Toxic to bees" or description of the chemical effect R57;
standard phrase Spe8;
other indications for the protection of bees and other pollinators.
6. If a person uses a plant protection product labelled "Toxic to bees" or having a description of the chemical effect R57, he or
she shall warn the legal owners of the bee colonies (or hives) within two kilometres of the treated area and whose bee colonies
are registered in accordance with the procedures specified in the regulatory enactments regarding the registration of animals,
herds and holdings and the marking of animals three days prior to treating sowing or planting sites.
7. First-class plant protection products may be used only by persons who have a professional plant protection product user
certificate for operations with first-class plant protection products.
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Quantitative data to be included over time in the FMP
1. Areas of the forest stands where activities are carried out to protect against
forest pests (e.g., European spruce bark beetle, European pine sawfly, large
pine weevil, etc.) (ha), in the last 5 years.
2. Areas of the forest stands where activities are carried out to protect against fungal
diseases (root decay, etc.) (ha) in the last 5 years.
3. Damage caused to the forest by fungal diseases (m3 and/or ha) in the last 5 years.
4. Forest stands where activities are carried out to protect against forest animals (ha) in the last 5
years.
5. Areas of the forest stands affected by fire (ha) in the last 5 years.
6. Other damage (m3 and/or ha) in the last 5 years.
7. Changes in the forest stands and/or felling areas where plant protection products
and/or fertilizers (ha) have been applied.
8. Name of the plant protection products and/or fertilizers used, name of the active
substance and quantity used (kg, l), modification.
9. Changes to wood supplies over the last ten years and planned changes over the
period of the next ten years (m3/ha).
10. Annual amounts of timber harvested by species: Final felling (m3, ha),
changes; Thinning (m3, ha), changes; Sanitary and other felling (m3, ha),
in the last 5 years.
11. Brought felling remnants — small merchantable wood, branches, stumps (m3
and/or ha and other units), changes.
12. Total number of improved and maintained recreation areas and hiking trails/footpaths,
changes.
13. Recreation areas intended for attracting a large number of people (over 30) at a time, changes.
Number (quantity) of forest management accidents in the last 5 years.