sc workshop slidedeck · of a number of water auditing approaches, including awwa m36 – results...

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Improving Water Efficiency, Loss Control & Your Bottom Line with

AWWA M36 Methodology

WELCOME

Expectations

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Goal of the Workshop – gain hands-on training on the best practice water auditing to guide loss control methodsAgenda– Welcome & Expectations– Brief History of AWWA Water Audit method and its implementation– Fundamentals of the AWWA Water Audit Method– Compiling the Water Audit: Small Group Exercise

Lunch– Determining Data Validity: Small Group Exercise– Working with Your Data: Small Group Exercise– Monthly Data Collection and Auditing as a Standard Business Practice– Preview of the New AWWA Free Water Audit Software© v5.0– Open Forum: Question and Answer and recap discussion– Evaluations and Certificates

Adjourn

BRIEF HISTORY OR THE AWWA WATER AUDIT

METHOD

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II. Brief History: Water Supply Efficiency

Focus for early system builders– Bring forth water supply for new

communities– Largely a supply-side focus – first seek a

larger water supply, conserve or become more efficient only if needed

Earliest mention of a structured approach for water efficiency– 1957 AWWA report: Revenue Producing

vs. Unaccounted-for water• Defines a “metered water ratio”

Guidance publications on water audits, leak detection – 1980’s

1950’s

1980’s

IWA/AWWA Collaboration

International Water Association’s Water Loss Task Force: 1996 -2000

– Formed to review world-wide approaches to water auditing and to identify best practices

– Included representatives from four countries and North America (AWWA)

– Devised best practice methodology by drawing from best features of a number of water auditing approaches, including AWWA M36

– Results published in 2000, Performance Indicators for Water Supply Service

The Water Loss Task Force continued its mission and is now the IWA Water Loss Specialist Group, which organizes the largest water loss conference in the world, held on a biennial basis– The next conference is “Water Loss 2014”, to be held

in Vienna, Austria from March 30 – April 2, 2014

Allan Lambert (UK)IWA WLTF Chair

1996 – 2000“the world’s foremost authority on leakage

management”

4

2001 AWWA States Survey – sponsored by AWWA Water Loss Control Committee

15%

10%

10%

10%

20%15%15%

15%

15%10%

10%15%

15%

15%

20%15%

7.5%

20%

20%

15%

15%

15%

Conclusion: “A better system of accounting is needed to instill better accountability in drinking water utilities”

AWWA Adopts Findings of IWA WLTF

AWWA adopted IWA’s best practice water audit method in 2003 in the Committee Report authored by the Water Loss Control Committee:“Applying World-wide Best Management Practices in Water Loss Control”– It included a recommendation to assess water

consumption and losses by volume and cost

– It included for the first time an AWWA recommendation to avoid use of the imprecise term “unaccounted-for” water and the “unaccounted-for” water percentage as a detailed performance measure

– It defined the economic level of leakage, and the economic levels of apparent loss as the desired target levels for utilities to seek, instead of seeking a specific “percentage”

AWWA’s Water Loss Control

Committee was originally formed in

the 1980’s as the “Leak Detection

Committee”

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Best Practice Tools for Water Loss Control

AWWA M36 Publication – First Ed. (1991) based on State of CA pub– Second Ed. (1999)– Water Audits and Loss Control Programs

(2009), 3rd Edition features the IWA/AWWA Water Audit Methodology

– 4th Edition targeted for 2015 releaseAWWA Water Loss Control Committee’s Free Water Audit Software© (2006)– Current Version 4.2 exists in English and

French languages– Upgraded Version 5.0 targeted for 2014

Water Research Foundation ReportsTextbookswww.awwa.org - select “Water Loss Control” from resources menu

Water Audit Report for: Philadelphia Water DepartmentReporting Year:

ALL VOLUMES TO BE ENTERED AS ANNUAL QUANTITIES

WATER SUPPLIEDVolume from own sources: M 95,526.0 million gallons (US) per year

Master meter error adjustment: M 695.4 million gallons (US) per year

Water Imported: M 0.0 million gallons (US) per year

Water Exported: M 7,210.2 million gallons (US) per year.

WATER SUPPLIED: . 89,011.2 million gallons (US) per year..

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION .

Billed metered: M 57,535.2 million gallons (US) per year

Billed unmetered: M 0.0 million gallons (US) per year

Unbilled metered: M 179.3 million gallons (US) per year

Unbilled unmetered: E 693.6 million gallons (US) per year.

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION: . 58,408.1 million gallons (US) per year

.

WATER LOSSES (Water Supplied - Authorized Consumption) . 30,603.1 million gallons (US) per year.

Apparent Losses .

Unauthorized consumption: E 1,145.2 million gallons (US) per year

Customer metering inaccuracies: E 162.5 million gallons (US) per year

Data handling errors: E 2,751.2 million gallons (US) per year

Apparent Losses: . 4,058.9 million gallons (US) per year

Real Losses .

Real Losses (Water Losses - Apparent Losses): . 26,544.2 million gallons (US) per year.

WATER LOSSES: . 30,603.1 million gallons (US) per year..

NON_REVENUE WATER .

NON-REVENUE WATER: . 31,476.0 million gallons (US) per year

.

SYSTEM DATA ..

Length of mains: M 3,160.0 miles

Number of active AND inactive service connections: M 548,289Connection density: . 174 conn./mile main

Average length of private pipe: E 12.0 ft

.

Average operating pressure: E 55.0 psi

.

COST DATA ..

Total annual cost of operating water system: M $167,604,000 $/Year

Customer retail unit cost (applied to apparent losses): M $3.95Variable production cost (applied to real losses): M $133.58 $/million gallons (US)

DATA REVIEW - Please review the following information and make changes above if necessary:

- Input values should be indicated as either measured or estimated. You have entered:

12 as measured values 6 as estimated values 0 without specifying measured or estimated

- It is important to accurately measure the master meter - you have entered the measurement type as: measured

- Cost Data: No problems identified

PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

Financial IndicatorsNon-revenue water as percent by volume: 35.4%

Non-revenue water as percent by cost: 11.7%Annual cost of Apparent losses: $16,012,518

Annual cost of Real Losses: $3,545,768

Operational Efficiency Indicators

Apparent losses per service connection per day: 20.28 gallons/connection/day

Real losses per service connection per day*: 132.64 gallons/connection/day

Real losses per length of main per day*: N/A

Real losses per service connection per day per psi pressure: 2.41 gallons/connection/day/psi

Unavoidable Annual Real Losses (UARL): 5.98 million gallons/day

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* only the most applicable of these two indicators will be calculated

AWWA WLCC Water Audit Software: Reporting Worksheet

Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) [Real Losses/UARL]:

2004

under-registered

$/1000 gallons (US)

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Back to Instructions

Please enter data in the white cells below. Where possible, metered values should be used; if metered values are unavailable please estimate a value. Indicate this by selecting a choice from the gray box to the left, where M = measured (or accurately known value) and E = estimated.

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(pipe length between curbstop and customer meter or property

Copyright © 2006, American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.

Water Research Foundation: Water Loss Projects

Evaluating Water Loss and Planning Loss Reduction Strategies (2005): assessed water auditing approaches and emerging loss control interventionsLeakage Management Technologies (2005): assessed innovative leakage management technologies and their applicability to North American water utilities. This included District Metered Areas (DMA) and pressure management. Criteria for Optimized Distribution Systems (2010): produced recommendations for Partnership for Safe WaterDistribution System program, including water main breaks and leaks and pressure managementEffective Organization and Component Analysis of Water Utility Leakage Data (anticipated 2014): will offer an Excel tool for leakage analysis and leakage management planning. Will compliment AWWA’s Free Water Audit Software©

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Key Regulatory Milestones for Water in the United States

Strong national structures exist for water quality; less so for water “quantity” Clean Water Act (1972): Control of pollutants, wastewater into waterways (Wastewater Treatment)Safe Drinking Water Act (1974, amendments 1986): Drinking Water (Water Treatment, Source Water Protection, Capacity Development)– Partnership for Safe Water: Optimized water quality

leaving treatment plants – program launched in 1990’sUS Environmental Protection Agency focus on the distribution system– Partnership for Safe Water: Distribution Systems –

program launched in 2012US national “quantity” regulations are typically limited to reporting of source water withdrawals

Regulatory Activity: State and Regional Level in the United States

State Agencies – focus on water audit reporting – Georgia: Environmental Protection Division– Tennessee: Comptroller of the Treasury– Texas: Texas Water Development Board– Pennsylvania: Public Utility Commission– New Mexico: Office of the State Engineer– Wisconsin: Public Services Commission– Washington: Department of Health– Illinois: Department of Natural Resources– Southeastern States: NC, SC, KY, VA

Regional/Water Resource Agencies– California: California Urban Water Conservation

Council – focus on reporting and leakage control– Delaware River Basin Commission

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RI

States with Varying Mechanisms for Water Loss Auditing, Reporting & Performance Targets

DV 65, NRW%(cost) 30%

25% WL (small) 15% (large)

10% Leakage10% Leakage, 3 year average

10% UFW

10% UFW

10% WL

15% NAW

15% UFW

15% WL

25% WL

Median UFW % of Class

8% UFW

WA

OR

TX

WI

MN

IL IN WV

MDPA NJ

DRBC

MANH

TN

GA

FL10% UFW

CA

NM

MO KYVA

NC

SC

NY

DE

Year 5, improvement or top 20% or below benchmark leakage value

10% UFW15% UFW

30% Leakage

15% NRW

15% WL

RI

States with Varying Mechanisms for Water Loss Auditing, Reporting & Performance Targets

DV 65, NRW%(cost) 30%

25% WL (small) 15% (large)

10% Leakage10% Leakage, 3 year average

10% UFW

10% UFW

10% WL

15% NAW

15% UFW

15% WL

25% WL

Median UFW % of Class

8% UFW

WA

OR

TX

WI

MN

IL IN WV

MDPA NJ

DRBC

MANH

TN

GA

FL10% UFW

CA

NM

MO KYVA

NC

SC

NY

DE

Year 5, improvement or top 20% or below benchmark leakage value

10% UFW15% UFW

30% Leakage

15% NRW

15% WL

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-

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

Mill

ion

Gal

lons

Overall Performance - Trailing 12 MonthsWATER LOSS

NON-REVENUEWATERWATER SUPPLIED

AUTHORIZEDCONSUMPTION

Best Practice Water Audit Implementation

Summary – Brief History of Water AuditingAfter a long history of casual water “quantity” management, considerable advancement has occurred since the 1990’s

Excellent methods and tools exist, and are being refined and expanded

Regulatory requirements – largely for water audit reporting –are appearing in many state and regional agencies

US EPA is not currently seeking a national regulation

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Life on the Street

Work on underground infrastructure is not invisiblePublic Perception of the Water Utility is formed in a number of ways!

FUNDAMENTALS OF THE AWWA WATER AUDIT

METHOD

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WaterImported

OwnSources

TotalSystemInput

( allowfor

knownerrors )

TotalSystemInput

(allowfor

knownerrors)

WaterSupplied

WaterExported

WaterSupplied

WaterExported

WaterLosses

AuthorizedConsumption

WaterImported

OwnSources

TotalSystemInput

( allowfor

knownerrors )

WaterImported

OwnSources

TotalSystemInput

( allowfor

knownerrors )

TotalSystemInput

(allowfor

knownerrors)

WaterSupplied

WaterExported

WaterSupplied

WaterExported

WaterLosses


WaterLosses


RealLosses

ApparentLosses

UnbilledAuthorized

Consumption

BilledAuthorized

Consumption

Non-Revenue

Water

RevenueWater

Leakage & Overflows at Storage

Billed Unmetered Consumption

Billed Metered Consumption

Billed Water Exported

Leakage on Service Lines

Leakage on Mains

Customer Metering Inaccuracies

Unauthorized Consumption

Unbilled Unmetered Consumption

Unbilled Metered Consumption

Systematic Data Handling Error

Water Balance: Categorizing Use and Loss

USE

LOSS

QUIZ

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QUIZBilled

Authorized Consumption

Unbilled Authorized Consumption

Apparent Losses

Real Losses

Fire Dept. flushing

Under‐registered customer meters

Pipe joint leakageWater theft

Customer billing adjustment

DOT metered usage

AMR reading device failureCustomer toilet leak

Water main break

Storage tank overflows

WaterImported

OwnSources

TotalSystemInput

( allowfor

knownerrors )

TotalSystemInput

(allowfor

knownerrors)

WaterSupplied

WaterExported

WaterSupplied

WaterExported

WaterLosses


WaterImported

OwnSources

TotalSystemInput

( allowfor

knownerrors )

WaterImported

OwnSources

TotalSystemInput

( allowfor

knownerrors )

TotalSystemInput

(allowfor

knownerrors)

WaterSupplied

WaterExported

WaterSupplied

WaterExported

WaterLosses


WaterLosses


RealLosses

ApparentLosses

UnbilledAuthorized

Consumption

BilledAuthorized

Consumption

Non-Revenue

Water

RevenueWater






Leakage on Mains






Water Balance: Categorizing Use and Loss

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Real vs Apparent Loss

Real Loss – Physical loss - leakage– Cost impacts at ‘wholesale’ rate– Tools for control include leakage and pressure

managementApparent Loss – Non-physical / revenue loss - slow meters, billing

issues and theft – Cost impacts at ‘retail’ rate.– Tools for control include data management, quality

control policies/practices, & meter testing & repair

Non-Revenue Water

1. Water put into the system that does not return revenue to the Utility.

2. Real Loss + Apparent Loss + Unbilled Authorized Consumption.

3. “Unaccounted-for water” has been abandoned forever, as an “obsolete technology”.

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CARL= Current Annual Real Loss(current leakage)

UARL= Unavoidable Annual Real Loss(theoretical low limit of leakage)

ILI = CARL > 1.0UARL

Infrastructure Leakage IndexILI

Data Validity

1. A quantitative measure of the reliability of your audit.

2. Quantified on a scale of 100.

3. Provides context to the audit, and guidance for – what are my next steps?

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AWWA Free Water Audit Software© - Version 4.2Data Grading for each input

AWWA Free Water Audit Software©Guidance on Use of Water Audit Data

Functional Focus Area

Audit Data Collection

Short-term loss control

Long-term loss control

Target-setting

Benchmarking

Water Audit Data Validity Level / Score

Level I (0-25) Level II (26-50) Level III (51-70) Level IV (71-90) Level V (91-100)

Annual water audit is a reliable gauge of year-to-year water

efficiency standing

Research information on leak detection programs. Begin

flowcharting analysis of customer billing system

Conduct loss assessment investigations on a sample

portion of the system: customer meter testing, leak survey,

unauthorized consumption, etc.

Establish ongoing mechanisms for customer meter accuracy testing, active leakage control and infrastructure monitoring

Refine, enhance or expand ongoing programs based upon

economic justification

Stay abreast of improvements in metering, meter reading, billing,

leakage management and infrastructure rehabilitation

Launch auditing and loss control team; address production

metering deficiencies

Analyze business process for customer metering and billing

functions and water supply operations. Identify data gaps.

Establish/revise policies and procedures for data collection

Refine data collection practices and establish as routine business

process

Continue incremental improvements in short-term and

long-term loss control interventions

Establish long-term apparent and real loss reduction goals (+10

year horizon)

Establish mid-range (5 year horizon) apparent and real loss

reduction goals

Evaluate and refine loss control goals on a yearly basis

Begin to assess long-term needs requiring large expenditure:

customer meter replacement, water main replacement program,

new customer billing system or Automatic Meter Reading (AMR)

system.

Begin to assemble economic business case for long-term

needs based upon improved data becoming available through the

water audit process.

Conduct detailed planning, budgeting and launch of

comprehensive improvements for metering, billing or infrastructure

management

Identify Best Practices/ Best in class - the ILI is very reliable as a real loss performance indicator

Preliminary Comparisons - can begin to rely upon the

Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) Performance Benchmarking - ILI is meaningful in comparing real

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A Word About Data Validity

Utilities with a lower Data Validity should focus program efforts on data collection and validation until the overall data quality becomes more reliable.

Utilities with higher Data Validity can trust their data to serve as the basis for budgetary decisions on major loss control initiatives such as leakage management controls or wholesale customer meter replacement.

Reliable data can also be benchmarked against data from other utilities with reliable data.

Reporting WorksheetWater Audit Report for: Philadelphia Water DepartmentReporting Year:

All volumes to be entered as: MILLION GALLONS (US) PER YEAR

WATER SUPPLIED

Volume from own sources: 7 94,536.900 Million gallons (US)/yr (MG/Yr)Master meter error adjustment: 10 2,779.300

Water imported: n/a MG/YrWater exported: 10 7,100.400 MG/Yr

WATER SUPPLIED: 84,657.200 MG/Yr.

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTIONBilled metered: 7 57,242.400 MG/Yr

Billed unmetered: n/a MG/YrUnbilled metered: n/a MG/Yr Pcnt: Value:

Unbilled unmetered: 8 764.200 MG/Yr 1.25%

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION: 58,006.600 MG/Yr

WATER LOSSES (Water Supplied - Authorized Consumption) 26,650.600 MG/Yr

Apparent Losses Pcnt: Value:Unauthorized consumption: 8 2,086.300 MG/Yr 0.25%

Customer metering inaccuracies: 8 190.300 MG/YrSystematic data handling errors: 5 4,674.400 MG/Yr

Apparent Losses: 6,951.000 MG/Yr

Real LossesReal Losses = Water Losses - Apparent Losses: 19,699.600 MG/Yr

WATER LOSSES: 26,650.600 MG/Yr

NON-REVENUE WATERNON-REVENUE WATER: 27,414.800 MG/Yr

= Total Water Loss + Unbilled Metered + Unbilled Unmetered

2,086.300

764.200

AWWA WLCC Free Water Audit Software: Reporting Worksheet

2008

over-registered

7/2007 - 6/2008

<< Enter grading in column 'E'

MG/Yr

190.300

Choose this option to enter a percentage of

billed metered consumption. This is NOT a default value

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Please enter data in the white cells below. Where available, metered values should be used; if metered values are unavailable please estimate a value. Indicate your confidence in the accuracy of the input data by grading each component (1-10) using the drop-down list to the left of the input cell. Hover the mouse over the cell to obtain a description of the grades

???

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Use buttons to selectpercentage of water supplied

ORvalue

?Click here: for help using option buttons below

WAS v4.0

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SYSTEM DATA

Length of mains: 9 3,137.0 milesNumber of active AND inactive service connections: 7 547,932

Connection density: 175 conn./mile mainAverage length of customer service line: 7 12.0 ft

Average operating pressure: 10 55.0 psi

COST DATA

Total annual cost of operating water system: 10 $219,182,339 $/YearCustomer retail unit cost (applied to Apparent Losses): 9 $4.97

Variable production cost (applied to Real Losses): 9 $215.50 $/Million gallons


Financial IndicatorsNon-revenue water as percent by volume of Water Supplied: 32.4%Non-revenue water as percent by cost of operating system: 17.8%

Annual cost of Apparent Losses: $34,546,470Annual cost of Real Losses: $4,245,264

Operational Efficiency Indicators

Apparent Losses per service connection per day: 34.76 gallons/connection/day

Real Losses per service connection per day*: 98.50 gallons/connection/day

Real Losses per length of main per day*: N/A

Real Losses per service connection per day per psi pressure: 1.79 gallons/connection/day/psi

Unavoidable Annual Real Losses (UARL): 2,178.15 million gallons/year

9.04

* only the most applicable of these two indicators will be calculated

WATER AUDIT DATA VALIDITY SCORE:

PRIORITY AREAS FOR ATTENTION:

1: Volume from own sources

2: Billed metered

3: Systematic data handling errors

$/1000 gallons (US)

A weighted scale for the components of consumption and water loss is included in the calculation of the Water Audit Data Validity Score

Based on the information provided, audit accuracy can be improved by addressing the following components:

*** YOUR SCORE IS: 82 out of 100 ***

Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) [Real Losses/UARL]:

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(pipe length between curbstop and customer meter or property boundary)

For more information, click here to see the Grading Matrix worksheet

Life on the Street

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Validating Production Metering and Supply Data to Produce an Accurate “Water Supplied Volume”

The importance of Production flows in the Water Audit– The “Volume from own Sources” and/or “Water Imported” volumes

are the basis of the “Water Supplied” calculation in the water audit– Master Meter Error Adjustment – takes into account several sources

of potential error in the production volumes that will skew the “Water Supplied” volume. These include:

• Volume error due to inaccuracies of the production meters• Volume adjustments as part of routine balancing tabulations across the supply

system to account for flows into- and out of storage tanks and reservoirs; and across pressure zones and DMA’s.

• Corrections due to data gaps

Obtaining high degree of accuracy for the “Water Supplied” volume is the most important step in the water audit process

3

Production Volumes – leading to Water Supplied

– Production Volumes: Volume from own sources, Water Imported, Water Exported

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Production Meter Site & the Flow Profile

1. Flowmeters should be located and installed properly

a. Recognize the effects of pipe bends and obstructions on the flow profile and the meters ability to measure flow

i. Smooth pipe:

ii. Rough pipe:

iii. Downstream obstruction:iv. Downstream bend:

b. The shape of the flow profile has bearing on meter performance and the ability to test the meter

c. Production meters are better sited at locations with relatively smooth, unobstructed flow

Velocity Profiles at production meters

i.

ii.

iii.

iv.


Recommended clear spacing for flowmeters

20


What not to do

Accurately Quantifying “Water Supplied”

2. Meters should be regularly verified for accuracya. Large meters can be compared with an inline

insertion or strap-on meter measuring flow downstream of the primary meter

i. Make certain that the temporary metering location is representative and accurate

ii. Strive for minimum 24-hr period if using this method

iii. Philadelphia Water Department conducts over 50 verifications each year in this manner

b. Smaller meters might be tested using field test apparatus as is conducted on large customer meters; or meter sent to a test laboratory

c. Document/store the inaccuracy values to serve as a basis for data adjustments

Insertion pito rod measuring and recording flow

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What Constitutes a Meter?

Primary Device: Measuring Element“Conducts the measurement”

Secondary Device: Register“Communicates the measurement”

Tertiary Device: Remote Database (i.e.SCADA)“Archives the measurement”

1

2

3

Defining Accuracy Testing:

Using an independent meter to compare to the Primary Device measurement for “Flow Verification”

Defining Calibration:Adjusting the instrumentation to make sure the measurement is converted, communicated and archived correctly

between and , and

1

2

31 2 2 3

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3. Meters should be recalibrated, repaired or replaced regularly to maintain reliable performancea. New, current-technology meters

should replace dated or defective meters

b. Permanently installed insertion type meters can be a less costly means of establishing or renewing reliable metering

c. Refer to AWWA M33 guidance manual “Flowmeters in Water Supply” for information on meter selection

d. Many dated meters exist throughout the North American water industry

Full-bore Magnetic Flowmeter replacement on 48-inch untreated water line 2008 in Philadelphia

Insertion Magnetic Flowmeter in Birmingham, AL


4. Regularly determine Master Meter Error Adjustmenta. Data should be reviewed at least weekly, but

ideally, each business day, for trends/anomalies

b. Balance flows to account for storage level changes and district water transfers

c. Adjust for recorded inaccuracy levels of given meters

d. Adjustments due to data errore. Adjustments due to data gapsf. Aggregate master meter error is:

i. Added if source meter under-registration exists

ii. Subtracted if source meter over-registration exists

16-inch turbine meter on wholesale account being verified

via inline pito rod

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Summary – Obtaining an Accurate “Water Supplied Quantity”

The “Volume from own Sources” and the “Water Supplied” quantities are the most important quantities in the water audit All water sources, imports and exports should be metered with good meter management and routine data surveillance Flow data should be monitored and balanced across the distribution systemCorrections should be carried-out to adjust for bad data and the composite adjustments become the quantity of “Master Meter Error Adjustment”

36-inch High Service Venturi Meter(Courtesy of Primary Flow Control)

Life on the Street

No matter how challenging your problems may seem to be, there is always someone with a bigger challenge!

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WATER AUDIT

EXERCISES

Small Group Exercise 1: Data Inputs ONLY

Utilize the example utility data to determine the appropriate Data Inputs for the Water Audit Reporting WorksheetThe trainers will be available to answer questions throughout the processBe prepared to discuss the process and findings of your Data Inputs

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Small Group Exercise 2: Data Gradings ONLY

Review the example utility data to determine, as best you can, the appropriate data grading (1 – 10) for each data inputThe trainers will be available to answer questions throughout the processBe prepared to discuss the process and findings of your Data Validity

Small Group Exercise 3: Q&A with Your Audit

Discuss questions you brought with you regarding your Water AuditUse your Reference Sheet to take notes

26

Life on the Street

Monthly Data Collection and Auditing as a Standard

Business Practice

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$1,349,895 67%

$673,122 33%

Water Loss by Type(Cost)

Apparent Loss $Real Loss $

- 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900

Mill

ion

Gal

lons

Overall Water Loss - Trailing 12 Months

WATER LOSSES:WATER SUPPLIED:AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION:

Building it Monthly

Water Audit Report for: Philadelphia Water DepartmentReporting Year:

ALL VOLUMES TO BE ENTERED AS ANNUAL QUANTITIES

WATER SUPPLIEDVolume from own sources: M 95,526.0 million gallons (US) per year

Master meter error adjustment: M 695.4 million gallons (US) per year

Water Imported: M 0.0 million gallons (US) per year

Water Exported: M 7,210.2 million gallons (US) per year.

WATER SUPPLIED: . 89,011.2 million gallons (US) per year..

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION .

Billed metered: M 57,535.2 million gallons (US) per year

Billed unmetered: M 0.0 million gallons (US) per year

Unbilled metered: M 179.3 million gallons (US) per year

Unbilled unmetered: E 693.6 million gallons (US) per year.

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION: . 58,408.1 million gallons (US) per year

.

WATER LOSSES (Water Supplied - Authorized Consumption) . 30,603.1 million gallons (US) per year.

Apparent Losses .

Unauthorized consumption: E 1,145.2 million gallons (US) per year

Customer metering inaccuracies: E 162.5 million gallons (US) per year

Data handling errors: E 2,751.2 million gallons (US) per year

Apparent Losses: . 4,058.9 million gallons (US) per year

Real Losses .

Real Losses (Water Losses - Apparent Losses): . 26,544.2 million gallons (US) per year.

WATER LOSSES: . 30,603.1 million gallons (US) per year..

NON_REVENUE WATER .

NON-REVENUE WATER: . 31,476.0 million gallons (US) per year

.

SYSTEM DATA ..

Length of mains: M 3,160.0 miles

Number of active AND inactive service connections: M 548,289Connection density: . 174 conn./mile main

Average length of private pipe: E 12.0 ft

.

Average operating pressure: E 55.0 psi

.

COST DATA ..

Total annual cost of operating water system: M $167,604,000 $/Year

Customer retail unit cost (applied to apparent losses): M $3.95Variable production cost (applied to real losses): M $133.58 $/million gallons (US)

DATA REVIEW - Please review the following information and make changes above if necessary:

- Input values should be indicated as either measured or estimated. You have entered:

12 as measured values 6 as estimated values 0 without specifying measured or estimated

- It is important to accurately measure the master meter - you have entered the measurement type as: measured

- Cost Data: No problems identified


Financial IndicatorsNon-revenue water as percent by volume: 35.4%

Non-revenue water as percent by cost: 11.7%

AWWA WLCC Water Audit Software: Reporting Worksheet

2004

under-registered

$/1000 gallons (US)

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Please enter data in the white cells below. Where possible, metered values should be used; if metered values are unavailable please estimate a value. Indicate this by selecting a choice from the gray box to the left, where M = measured (or accurately known value) and E = estimated.

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(pipe length between curbstop and customer meter or property


28

WaterImported

OwnSources

TotalSystemInput

( allowfor

knownerrors )

TotalSystemInput

(allowfor

knownerrors)

WaterSupplied

WaterExported

WaterSupplied

WaterExported

WaterLosses


WaterImported

OwnSources

TotalSystemInput

( allowfor

knownerrors )

WaterImported

OwnSources

TotalSystemInput

( allowfor

knownerrors )

TotalSystemInput

(allowfor

knownerrors)

WaterSupplied

WaterExported

WaterSupplied

WaterExported

WaterLosses


WaterLosses


RealLosses

ApparentLosses

UnbilledAuthorized

Consumption

BilledAuthorized

Consumption

Non-Revenue

Water

RevenueWater






Leakage on Mains






Monthly Tracking

WaterImported

OwnSources

TotalSystemInput

( allowfor

knownerrors )

TotalSystemInput

(allowfor

knownerrors)

WaterSupplied

WaterExported

WaterSupplied

WaterExported

WaterLosses


WaterImported

OwnSources

TotalSystemInput

( allowfor

knownerrors )

WaterImported

OwnSources

TotalSystemInput

( allowfor

knownerrors )

TotalSystemInput

(allowfor

knownerrors)

WaterSupplied

WaterExported

WaterSupplied

WaterExported

WaterLosses


WaterLosses


RealLosses

ApparentLosses

UnbilledAuthorized

Consumption

BilledAuthorized

Consumption

Non-Revenue

Water

RevenueWater






Leakage on Mains






Monthly Tracking

29

Monthly Tracking

WATER SUPPLIED1. Volume from Own Sources (with

error adjustment, if known)2. Water Imported3. Water Exported

WATER SUPPLIED = 1 + 2 - 3

Monthly Tracking

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION4. Billed Metered5. Billed Unmetered6. Unbilled Metered7. Unbilled Unmetered

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION = 4 + 5 + 6 + 7

30

Monthly Tracking

WATER SUPPLIED-AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION= WATER LOSS

Monthly Tracking vs Annual Audit

Monthly AnnualVolume from Own Sources Data Validity ScoreWater Imported Master Meter Error AdjustmentWater Exported Customer Meter InaccuracyBilled Metered Use Systematic Data Handling ErrorsBilled Unmetered Use Length of MainsUnbilled Metered Use Number of ConnectionsUnbilled Unmetered Use Annual Operating Cost

Customer Retail RateVariable Production Cost

31

Essential Components for SuccessWater Loss Control Team

•Distribution•Metering•Billing•Finance•Customer Service•Fire Department•Parks & Rec•Engineering•Executive

•Multi-departmental•Cross-functional•Essential for establishing a culture of efficiency

Performance Benchmarking

Monthly Data, Lag-Time Adjusted

Monthly Data, Unadjusted

Trailing 12 Month Data

33

Inputs & Outputs separated into 2 tabsMeter error adjustment for all water supplied componentsUpdated grading matrix and scoringUpdated definitionsNew Water Loss DashboardNew comments pageColor scheme improvements

Life on the Street

34

Evaluations & Certificates

Departing With Action

sc workshop slidedeck · of a number of water auditing approaches, including awwa m36 – results...

Documents