hnemkw

FUn-‰¿, imkv{X-K-Xn, Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw 695 001. t^m¨ : 0471 2475668. C sa-bn¬ sasthragathy@gmail.comamt\-PnMv FUn-‰¿, imkv{X-KXn, tImgn-t°mSv 673 002t^m¨ : 2701919, C sa-bn¬ ksspmagazine@gmail.com

FUn-‰¿ : B¿.-hn.Pn.- tat\m≥, amt\-PnMv FUn-‰¿ : sI. cm[≥

FIvkn-Iyp´ohv FUn-‰¿: B¿. cm[m-Ir-jvW-≥, Atkm-kn-tb‰v FUn-‰¿: ]n. kptc-jv

]{Xm-[n-]-k-anXn: s{]m^. sI.-B¿ P\m¿Z\≥, s{]m^. Sn.-]n. Ip™n-°-Æ≥, s{]m^. sI. ]m∏q´nSn. cm[m-a-Wn, kn.-hn. N{μ≥, tUm. B¿.-_n. cmP-e£van, tUm. sI. cmPvtam-l≥, tUm. sI. hnP-b-Ip-am¿

tPmPn Iq´p-tΩ¬, B¿. KncojvvIp-am¿, AUz. Sn. Ko\m-Ip-amcn, hn.-ss_-Pp, ]n. {]Im-i≥

Nn{Xo-I-cWw: sI. kXojv Ih¿ & teHu´v: ]n. {]Zo]v ssS∏v sk‰nMv: hn[p. ]n.-Fkv

teJ-\-ß-fnse A`n-{]m-b-߃ teJ-I-cp-tS-Xm-Wv; imkv{X-km-lnXy ]cn-j-Øn-t‚-Xm-I-W-sa-∂n-√.

H‰-{]Xn : 12 cq] ˛ hm¿jn-I-h-cn-kwJy : 125 cq]

2011 BKÃv tIcf imkvv{Xkm-lnXy ]cn-jØvhmeyw 47 e°w 2

6 h\]-cn-]m-e-\-sØ-∏-‰n-Øs∂s{]m^. Fw.-sI. {]kmZv

25 agsh≈ kw`-c-WØn\v]pXnb amXrItUm. kn. _me-IrjvW≥ \mb¿

30 hml\s]cp-∏hpw]m¿°nwKv \bhpws{]m^. ]n.sI. cho-{μ≥

33 imkv{X hnZym-`ym-k-Øns‚Ahÿm hnti-j-߃sIbv≥ sslsUm°v

36 πkvh¨ Cw{]q-hvsa‚ v ]co£Hcp ]T\wssjeP F≥.

39 tIcfØnse `£y kpc£bpwIm¿jnI Bkq{XWhpw]n.kn. cma≥Ip´n

kμ¿in°pI: www.kssp.in

Ih¿tÃmdn:

10am{¥nI acp-∂p-I-fpsS

kz¥w \mSvtUm. at\mPv tImaØv

15 hymP Huj[]c-ky-ßfpw tIc-fhpwtUm. Sn. Pb-Ir-jvW≥

19 ]c-kyw, -{]-tem-`-\w- k-Zm-Nmcw

B¿. cm[m-Ir-jvW≥

22 tcmKNnIn’:imkv{Xob{]{Inbtbm Dƒhnfntbm?tUm. B¿. Pb-{]-Imiv

42 a[p-cw, kuayw,- Zo]vXwtUm. Imhp-ºmbn _me-Ir-jvW≥

45 {Ko°v ss]XrIwtUm. B¿.-hn.-Pn. tat\m≥

48 _p[s‚ clkyw tXSnkn.-hn. N{μ≥

51 IÆpXpd∂ hn{K-l-߃{]k∂ kn.

55 ]pkvX-I-]-cn-Nbw:

P\nXI`£Ww:Adntb≠sX√mwPn.Fkv. DÆnIrjvW≥

57 Im¿´q¨ ]w‡n:

lc-W- ewsI. kXojv

58 imkv{X-hm¿ØtUm.-Fw.-B¿. kpZ¿i-\-Ip-am¿

4 BKÃv 2011

IØp-Iƒ

""ssZhØn\p \μn, Rm≥ Hcpam¿IvknÃv A√''˛ CXp ]d-™XvImƒam¿Ivkv Xs∂-bm-Wv. Pq¨e°w imkv{X-K-Xn-bnse tPmPn Iq´p-Ω-ens‚ teJ-\-amWv am¿Ivkns‚{]kvXm-h-\sb Hm¿a-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv.kmaqly ]cn-h¿Ø\w hcp-Øm-\p≈ Ncn-{X-]-c-amb Npa-Xe sXmgn-emfn h¿K-Øn-\mWv F∂ am¿-Ivkns‚ \ne-]m-Sns\ Xs‚ teJ-\-Øn¬ tPmPn Iq´p-Ω¬ D≤-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

am¿Ivkv Xs‚ kn≤m-¥sØapdn®p]d-™Xv slK-ens‚ Bi-b-ßsf XeIogmbn \n¿Øn-bm¬am¿Ivkn-k-ambn F∂m-Wv. am¿IvkvslK-ens‚ kn≤m -¥-tØmSvsNbvXXp Xs∂-bmWv amthm-bpw,se\n\pw am¿Ivkn-k-tØmSv sNbvX-Xv. temI ]cn-Nbw C√mØ Acm-jv{So-b-cmb {KmaoW I¿j-I¿°vIΩyq-WnÃv hnπ-h-Øn¬ shdpwin¶n-Sn -I-fpsS ÿm\-ta-bp-≈q,hnπhw \bn-°p-∂Xv sXmgn-emfnh¿K-amWv F∂mWv am¿Ivkv ]d-™-Xv. F∂m¬ ssN\-bn¬ hnπhw\bn-®Xv sXmgn-emfn h¿K-a√, I¿j-I-cm-Wv. hymh-km-bn-I-ambn ap≥]-¥n-bn¬ \n¬°p∂ \mSp-I-fnte hnπhw\S°q F∂mWv am¿Ivkns‚ kn≤m-¥w. F∂m¬ djy≥ hnπhw \S-°p-tºmƒ djy hyh-km-b-cw-KØv]n∂n -em -bn -cp -∂p. amthm -bpw,se\n\pw am¿Ivkn-ksØ Xe-IpØn \n¿Øn. Cßs\ ÿe-Im-

""ssZhØn\v \μn,Rm≥ Hcp am¿IvknÃv A√''

e-߃°-\p-k-cn®v kn≤m-¥-Ønepw{]tbm-K-Ønepw hyXn-bm\w hcp-∂XvA]-cm-[tam ]m]tam A√.

sNß-d-bn-epw, apØ-ß-bn-epw, πm®n-a-S-bn-epw, \μn-{Km-anepw Hs° \S∂ka-c-߃ Acm-jv{So-b-am-sW-¶n¬sske‚ v hmen-bn-epw, \¿a-Z-bn-epw,Imk¿tKms´ F≥tUm-kƒ^m≥ ka-chpw Hs° Acm-jv{So-b-am-Wv F∂p hmZn-°mw. imkv{XkmlnXy ]cn-jØv Xs∂Hcp Acm-jv{Sob kwL-S-\-bmWv F∂phmZn-°mw. F∂p-h®v CsXms° Acm-jv{So-b-am-Ip-∂n-√. Chn-SsØ apJy-[mcmcmjv{Sob ]m¿´n-I-fpsS ]n≥Xp-W-bn√F∂-Xp-sIm≠v Hcp kacw Acm-jv{So-b-amWv F∂p ]d-bm-\m-In-√. CØcw ka-c-ß-fn¬ cmjv{Sob ]m¿´n-I-fpsS ap{Z ]Xn-b-cpXv F∂v GXn-s‚-sb-¶nepw kwLm-S-I¿ \n¿_‘w ]nSn-®p-sh-¶n¬ AXn-t\mSv tbmPn-∏n-√. tkmfn-Um-cn-‰n-bp-sS-bpw, B¿.-F-kv.-F-kn-s‚bpw ]n≥XpWkzoI-cn-®Xpw icn-b-√-X-s∂.

ap≥]n¬ \S-°p-∂Xv A\o-Xn-bm-sW∂pw AXn-s\-Xnsc {]Xn-tj-[n-°-W-sa∂pw kap-Zm-b-Øn-s‚-tbm, ]m¿´n-bp-sS-tbm, kwL-S-\-I-fp-sStbm \n¿t±-i-an-√m-sX-Xs∂ tXm∂p∂ hy‡n-Iƒ BWv\√ ]uc kaq-l-Øn¬ D≠m-tI-≠-Xv.A√msX Po∏pw temdnbpw hmS-Ibv°vFSp-°m\pw Iq‰≥ dmen-Ifpw {]I-S-\-ßfpw \S-Øm-\p≈ tijn-bp-a-√t√m\√ P\m-[n-]Xy cmPy-Ønse ]uc-k-aq-l-Øn-\p-≠m-tI-≠-Xv.

Inc¨ Un B¿I√d

imkv{X-Øns‚ hgnimkv{X-KXn Pq¨ e°-Ønse "{Ko°vss]XrIw' F∂ teJ-\-Øn¬ \mevck-ß-fpsS Ak-¥p-en-Xm-h-ÿ-bmWvtcmK-\n-Zm\w F∂ {Ko°p-hn-izm-ksØ \ΩpsS Bbp¿th-Z-ØnseXrtZmj tIm]-ß-fp-ambn teJ-I≥D]-an®p I≠p. {Ko°ptZ-h-X-bmbCkv°-em-∏n-bkv BWv tcmK-im-¥n-°m-[mcw F∂v hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw HcpZWvUn¬ ]mºv Np‰nb {Ko°v tZh-Nn”w sshZy-imkv{X Nn”-ambnAwKo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. CuIme-L- -Øn¬ \ne-\n-∂n-cp∂ A‘-hn-izmk PSn-e-amb NnIn-’m-co-Xn-I-fn¬\n∂pw sshZy-co-Xnsb Hcp kXym-t\z-j-W-Øns‚ ]mX-bn-tebv°v\bn®p F∂-Xp-sIm-≠mWv lnt∏m-{Im-‰kv sshZy-imkv{X ]nXm-hm-b-Xv.

imkv{Xw F∂m¬ Hcp "Hgp-Ip∂\Zn-bmWv' AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ kXym-t\z-j-Whpw A\-¥-ambn XpS-cpIXs∂ sNøpw. kXyw Bt]-£n-I-hp-am-Wv. BXy-¥nI kXyw Fs∂m-∂n-√. lnt∏m-{Im-‰kv kzoI-cn® NnIn-’-I-tfm, am¿K-ßtfm C∂v B[p-\nIsshZy-im-kv{X-Øn¬ Fhn-sSbpwImWn-√. adn®v At±lw apt∂m- p-h®XXzw am‰sØ AwKo-I-cn-®p-sIm-≠p≈ ]pXnb icnsb Is≠-ØpIF∂-Xm-Wv. Cu XXzw H∂p-sIm≠pam{X-amWv B[p-\nI sshZy-imkv{XwAt±-lsØ kvacn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu\qX\ XXzw temIØv \ne-\n-∂-tXm,\ne-\n¬°p-∂tXm Bb Hcp NnIn-’m-co-Xn°pw FXn-c-√.

F. lcn-Zm-k≥, ]pXp-∏Ww.

P\-Iob {]Xn-tcm[\nc A\n-hmcywXt±i kzbw- -c-W-h-Ip∏v hn -P-\-tØm-Sp-IqSn tIcfw C∂p-hsc ssIh-cn®Ht´sd amXr-Im-]-camb t\ -ßsf C√m-Xm-°m-\p≈ {ia-amWv \S-Øp-∂-Xv.`mhn-bn¬ C¥y-bn¬ BsI \S-∏m-t°≠ {]h¿Ø-\-am-bn- mWv tIc-f-Øns‚Cu cwKsØ A\p-`-hsØ \mw t\m°n-°-≠-Xv. \n£n]vX XmXv]-cy-ß-fpsS t]cn¬ A[n-Im-c-hn-tI-{μo-I-cW {]{In-bIsf XInSw adn-°m\p≈KqV-\o-°-ßsf sNdp-Øp-tXm-ev]n-°p-∂-Xn\v i‡-amb P\-Iob {]Xn-tcm-[-\nc sI´n-∏-Sp-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. Pqembv e°-Ønse "imkv{X-KXn' Ih¿tÃmdnhyXy-kvX-amb A\p-`-h-ß-ƒ ]¶p-h-bv°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p; A`n-\-μ-\-߃."]m™mƒ AXn-cm-{X'sØ ]›m-Ø-e-am°n sI. kXojns‚ lc-W- ewGsd ck-I-c-am-bn.

sI. cmPo-h≥, ssh°n-e-t»cn

imkv{X-KXn 5

hymPsshZy-∑mcpw hymPacp-∂p-Ifpw

tcmKnIƒ NqjWw sNø-s∏-SpI F∂Xv ]pXn-sbmcp Imcy-sam-∂p-a-√. B[p-\nI hymP sshZy-∑m¿ cwK-sØØpw apºp-Xs∂ \m´n¬ ]c-∂n-cp∂ Hcp ckn-I≥ t«mI-ap≠v:

sshZy-cmP \a-kvXp`yw ba-cmP ktlm-Z-c,

bakvXp lc-Xn-{]mWx sshZyx- {]m-Wm≥ [\m-\n- N.

sshZy≥ Ime-t\-°mƒ {Iqc-\m-W-s{X. ba≥ {]mWs\ am{Xw sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-tºmƒsshZy≥ {]mW-s\m∏w ]Ww IqSn A]-l-cn-°p∂p F∂p-km-cw. tImSn-Iƒ sImSpØvDb¿∂ sshZy-_n-cp-Z-߃ hnebv°p hmßp-∂-h¿ NnIn-’m-cw-K-sØ-Øp-∂-tXmsSCu {]iv\w IqSp-X¬ Kpcp-X-c-am-Im≥ t]mIp-I-bm-Wv. Xma-kn-bmsX tUmIvS¿am¿kz¥w t]cn\pw _ncp-Z-߃°p-sam∏w {_m°-‰n¬ ""k¿°m¿ Izm´'' F∂p-IqSnFgpXn hbv°m≥ \n¿_-‘n-X-cm-Ip∂ Ime-amWp hcp-∂-Xv.

F∂m¬ sshZyIp-e-Øn-\p-Xs∂ t]cp-tZmjw hcp-Øp∂ Cu t{Zmln-Iƒ acp-∂p-I-º-\n-Ifpw I®-h-S-°mcpw ]cn-tim-[\m em{_-´-dn-Ifpw kvIm\nwKv sk‚-dp-Ifpw Bip-]{Xn apX-em-fn-Ifpw F√mw AS-ßp∂ Hcp henb NqjW kwhn-[m-\-Øns‚ apI-f‰w am{X-am-Wv. Chsb \nb-{¥n-°m≥ \nb-a-ß-fn-√m-™-√. ]t£]e-t∏mgpw \nb-a-Øns‚ he-∏-gp-Xp-I-fn-eqsS sNdp-h-cm-ep-Iƒ \pg™p IS-°p-tºmƒ hº≥ {kmhp-Iƒ he-Iƒ s]m´n®p Xs∂-bmWv kkpJw hne-kp-∂-Xv.-hymP NnIn-’-I¿°pw am{¥nI acp-∂p-Iƒ°pw FXnsc \ap°p \nb-a-ß-fp-≠v.F∂n´pw apkven ]hdpw Ij≠n kwlm-cn-Ifpw hgn tImSn-Iƒ A]-l-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.

t]¿s]‰ _lp-cm-jv{S-°-º-\n-Iƒ t]mepw th≠{X ]cn-tim-[-\-Ifpw kpc£mhyh-ÿ-I-fp-an-√msX hn]-Wn-bn-en-d-°nb Nne acp-∂p-Iƒ Bbn-c-°-W-°n\p ac-W-߃°p Imc-W-am-b-Xmbn "Ipdn-∏Sn acWw' (Death by prescription) F∂ ]pkvXIwshfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. CØ-c-samcp acp-∂n\p c‡-km-£n-bmb Hcp ]Xn-\mdp hb- p-Im-cn-bpsS ]nXmhp \S-Ønb hn{i-a-an-√mØ t]mcm- -amWv Cu hnh-c-߃ ]pd-sØ-Øn® Xv.

"Cw•ojv' acp-∂p-Iƒ°p-≈-Xns\ At]-£n®v Xmc-X-tay\ eLp-hmb KpW-]-cn-tim-[\m kwhn-[m-\-amWv \mS≥ acp-∂p-Iƒ°p-≈-Xv. ]mc-º-cy-ambn ]co-£n-®p-d-®-h-bm-I-bm¬ Ah A]-ISclnXambn-cn°pw F∂ Hcp s]mXp-[m-c-W-bp-≠v. AXvGsd-°psd icn-bp-am-bn-cn-°pw. F∂m¬ e-{]-Z-am-sW∂p sXfn-bn-°-s∏-SmØ X´n∏pacp-∂p-Iƒ hn‰p em`w sImøm-\p≈ Hcp te_-embn Bbp¿th-Zhpw "sl¿_epw'amdp-∂pt≠m F∂Xv Bbp¿th-ZsØ kvt\ln-°p-Ibpw AXp \ne-\n¬°WwF∂m-{K-ln-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h¿ Xs∂ ]cn-tim-[n-t°≠ ka-b-am-Wn-Xv. {]mNo\{KŸ-ß-fn¬ \n¿t±-in-®n-´p≈ tNcp-h-Ifpw Xe-ap-d-I-fmbn ]co-£n-®p-d® H‰-aq-en-Ifpw Aß-s\-Xs∂ kzoI-cn-°mw- -hn-izm-k-ap-≈-h¿°v. ]t£ ]pXn-bh hn]-Wn-bn-en-d-°p-tºmƒ Ah-sbbpw at‰-sXmcp ]pXnb acp-∂n-s\-bp-sa-∂-t]mse I¿i-\-amb e-kn≤n ]cn-tim-[-\-Iƒ°p hnt[-b-am-°ntb ]‰q.

""R߃ {]mW-s\-Sp-°p-∂n-√-s√m, ]Ww am{X-at√ sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-∂p≈q''F∂Xv aXn-bmb kam-[m-\-a-√.

BKÃv 2011

apJ-°p-dn∏v

imkv{X-KXn

6 BKÃv 2011

]cn-ÿnXns{]m^. Fw.-sI. {]kmZv

6 BKÃv 2011

h\]-cn-]m-e-\-sØ

∏-‰n-Øs∂

imkv{X-KXn Pq¨ e°-Øn¬ ""Adn-bpI \mw h\-ÿnXn'' ""h\-kw-c-£Ww tIc-f-Øn¬- -sh-√p-hn-fn-Iƒ'' F∂o c≠p teJ-\-߃I≠p-h-t√m. AXns‚ XpS¿®-bmbn thWw Cu teJ-\sØ Icp-Xm≥. CXn¬ {][m-\-ambpw h\-am-t\-Pp-sa‚n-s\-∏-‰n-bmWv ]cm-a¿iw.

C∂p \ne-hn-ep≈ h\-ÿnXn ap≥Ime h\-]-cn-]m-e\ CS-s]-S-ep-Iƒ, XXz-Zo-£-bn-√mØ D]-t`m-Kw, {]Ir-Xn-bpsS {]Xn- m-k-߃F∂n-h-bpsS e-am-bp-≈-Xm-Wv. Ign-™-Im-esØ ]cn-]m-e\ {]h-W-X-I-fpsS ]cn-Wm-a- -e-amWv C∂p≈ h\w. ]pXnb coXn-sb-∏‰nkwkm-cn-°p-tºmƒ ]gb Ncn{Xw Adn-bp-∂Xv \√-Xm-W-t√m. h\\b-ß-fn-eqsS H∂p ItÆm-Sn-°mw. {_n´o-jp-Im¿ hcpw-apºv h\AXn¿Øn-Iƒ ¢n]vX-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. DS-a-ÿm-h-Im-ihpw IrXy-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. h\w c-W-Øn≥ Iogn¬ h∂-t∏m-gmWv F√m-‰n\pwHcp IrXyX D≠m-b-Xv, AXn¿Øn, DS-a, h\ D]-tbm-Kw,AXncp kwc-£Ww CsXms° ]Xps° ]Xps° D≠m-bn. AtXmsS \bw, \nb-aw, F√mw D≠m-bn. (A-h-bn¬]eXpw kzmX-{¥y-e-_v[n-°p-ti-jhpw ChnsS XpS-cp∂p!) 19- mw \q‰m-≠ns‚ Ah-km\ Ime-ØmWv C¥y-bn¬ h\-]-cn-]m-e-\-Øns‚ ÿm]-\-h-XvI-cWw D≠m-b-Xv, kwÿm-\-Øns‚ IpØ-I-bmWv h\m-h-Im-i-sa∂pw h\-Øn¬ P\-Øn\v Hc-h-Im-i-hp-an-s√∂pwBWv CXns‚ A¥- -Ø. tImf\n c-W-Øns‚BZy-Im-e-ß-fn¬ h\w Hcp hcp-am-\-t{km-X- m-sW∂ k¶ev]w D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Im´nse kpK-‘-hy-RvP-\-ß-fn¬ `c-W-X-e-h-∑m¿°vBI¿j-W-ap-≠m-sb-∂Xv ad-°p-∂n-√.GsX-¶nepw DXv]m-Z\ {]h¿Ø-\-߃°v DXIpw F∂-Xp-sIm≠vkwÿm-\-Øns‚ hcp-am\w

Hcp {]tXyI D]-tbm-KsØ am{XwtI{μo-I-cn-®p-≈-Xp-amdn _lp-KpWhn`h kao-]\w BIWw ]cn-]m-e\X{¥-Øn-\v. XSn-sh- ¬ tamU-en¬ \n∂vIm¿_¨ ]cn-]m-e\ tamU-em-h-Ww.{]IrXn hn`h]cn-]m-e-\-Øn-\mbn {]mtZ-inI kaq-l-ß-fpsSim‡o-I-cWw e£y-an-S-Ww. cmk-h-f-{]-tbmKwsIm≠vkky-k-º-Øns‚ ssPh-]nWvU h¿≤-\-h√e£y-am-t°-≠-Xv, h\-Øns‚ s]mXp BtcmKyta∑-bmWv h¿≤n-∏n-t°-≠-Xv. ASn-°m-Sp-Iƒt]mjn-∏n-°-bmWv th≠-Xv, sh´n-°-f-b-e-√m.

imkv{X-KXn 7

h¿[n-∏n-°m≥ ImSv D]-tbm-Kn-°WwF∂ taml-ap-≠m-bn. Aß-s\-bmWvNne {]tXyI h\ hn -h-߃ NqjWwsNøp-∂-Xn¬ \nb-{¥Ww sIm≠p-h-∂Xv. tX°n\pw K‘-a-km-e-Iƒ°pw\nb-{¥Ww h∂p. {_n´-\n¬ I∏¬\n¿am-W-Øn-\m-h-iy-amb XSn-bpsS£maw t\cn-´-t∏m-gmWv C¥y-bnseh\-ß-fpsS {]m[m\yw IqSn-b-Xv. {_n -Wnse Hm°p-a-c-Øns‚ _Z-embntX°p acw Db¿∂p. 1800-˛¬ ae-_m-dnse ImSp-I-fn¬ tX°ns‚ e`yXt\m°m≥ Hcp IΩo-j-W-sd-Øs∂\nb-an-®p. aZn-cmin Kh-s◊‚p Im´nsetX°v apdn-°p-∂Xv t\m°m≥ HcpIΩo-j-W¿ h∂p. {_n´o-jp-Im¿ F√mImSp-Ifpw kwÿm-\-Øns‚ kzØm-sW∂v {]Jym-]n-®p. F∂m¬ CXv ae-_m-dn\v _m[-I-am-bn-√. Aßs\ {][m-\-s∏´ ImSp-Iƒ F√mw kzImcy DS-a-bn-ep-≈-Xm-bn. 1844-˛¬ tX°v \gvkdnD≠m-°¬ {]m_-ey-Øn¬ h∂p. \ne-ºq-cn¬ tX°n≥ tXm´w Bcw-`n-®p.sIm®n cmPyØv sP.-F.-tIƒtlm^vBZysØ I¨k¿th-‰-dm-bn. At±-l-Øns‚ {][m\ tPmen tX°n≥ XSnsh´n hn¬°¬, acw-sh-´m≥ s]¿an‰v\¬Ip-I, h\ DXv]-∂-߃ tiJ-cn-°pI F∂-sXm-s°-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Xncp-hn -Xmw -Iq -dn¬ tIW¬ a¨tdmBZysØ Hm^o-k-dmbn 1833- ¬ h\-D-Xv]-∂-߃ tiJ-cn-°m\pw hn¬°m-\p-ap≈ GP≥kn-bp-≠m-°n. {_n´o-jp-Im¿°v h\w {][m-\-ambn tXm∂n-b-Xv, I∏¬ \n¿am-W-Øn\v XSn e`n-°p-sa∂pw AXp-hgn IS¬ I®-h-S-Øn¬{][m-\n-bm-hm≥ Ignbpw F∂pw Ah¿[cn-®t∏mgmWv. Aßs\ h\-߃°v{]m[m-\y-ap-≠m-bn. h\-ta-J-e-Isfkwc-£n-°¬ cmPy-Xm-ev]-cy-am-bn. Cukml-N-cy-amWv c≠v {][m\ h\ \nb-a-ßfpw Hcp h\ \bhpw D≠m-hm≥Imc-Ww.

XSn-bm-hiyw IqSn h∂p. acwhf¿Øp∂ kmt¶-Xn-I-hnZy ]ptcm-K-an-®p. ss\k¿KnI h\-ß-fpsS sNe-hn¬ ac-tØm-´-ß-fp-≠m-bn. h\-\-io-I-c-Ww, Irjn-bn-S-ß-fpsS hym]-\w,h\y-Po-hn-I-fpsS hwi-\miw CsXms°Ah-K-Wn-°m-\m-hmØ ÿnXn-hn-tijw h∂p. CXn-s\ms° AdpXnhcp-ØmsX hsø-∂m-bn. Aßs\ 1864-˛¬ h\w-h-Ip∏v D≠m-bn. {_m‚nkvF∂ Hcp P¿a≥ kky-im-kv{X-⁄≥C≥kvs]-IvS¿ P\-d¬ Hm v t^mdÃvBbn \nb-an-°-s∏- p. ]n∂oSv {_n´ojvC¥y-bpsS BZysØ t^mdÃv BIvSvD≠m-bn. Cu BIvSv C¥y-bpsSKh¿W¬ P\-d-en\pw {]mtZ-inIk¿°m-cp -Iƒ°pw acw \nd™

GsXmcp `qanbpw ImSmbn {]Jym-]n-°m\p≈ A[n-Imcw \¬In. F∂m¬AØcw {]Jym-]-\-߃aqew Hcphy‡nt°m kaq-l-Ønt\m h\-Øn-t∑-ep≈ Ah-Imiw \ntj-[n-°-s∏-Sp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. ]t£ C°m-cy-߃ Hcn-SØpw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp-∂n√ F∂XvAh-Im-in-I-fpsS Zu¿`m-Ky-sat∂ ]d-tb-≠p. BIvSns‚ {]tXy-I-X-bmbnNcn{Xw tcJ-s∏-Sp-ØnbXv Cu hkvXp-X-bm-Wv. ]e {]hn-iy-Ifpw k¿°m-cns‚ h\-ß-fn-t∑-ep≈ IpØ-Im-h-Im-isØ hna¿in-®n-cp-∂p. I¿j-I¿ CXn-s\-Xn-cmbn {]Xn-tj[w Db¿Øn-bn-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv 1878-˛se C¥y≥ h\-\n-baw h∂p. CXv Ah-Im-i-ß-sfbpwAcp-Xm-bva-I-sfbpw IqSp-X¬ hy‡-ambn hni-Zo-I-cn-®p. DS-a-ÿ-Xsbkw_-‘n®pw \m´p-\-S-∏ns\ kw_-‘n®pw IqSp-X¬ hy‡X Cu BIvSv\¬In. Cu BIvSv aq∂p-Xcw h\-ßsf\njvI¿jn-®p. ""dnk¿hvUv t^mdÃv'',""s{]m´-Iv‰Uv t^mdÃv'', ""hnt√Pvt^mdÃvkv'' F∂n-ß-s\.

a{Zmkv Kh-s◊‚ v 1878- se h\-\n-baw \S-∏m-°n-bn-√. AhnsS 1882-˛¬a{Zmkv t^mdÃv BIvSv h∂p. 1887- ¬{Smh≥Iq¿ t^mdÃv BIvSp-≠m-bn. 1889-˛¬ sIm®n kwÿm-\Øpw \nbawD≠m-bn.

H∂p a\- n-em-°-Ww. ta¬∏-d™F√m h\-\n-b-a-ßfpw {]mtZ-inI P\-߃ ImSv ssIh-i-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn¬\n∂pw kwc -£Ww \¬Ip∂t^mdÃv s{]m´-£≥ Bbn-cp-∂p.

{_n´o-jp-Im¿°v h\w{][m-\-ambn tXm∂n-b-Xv,I∏¬ \n¿am-W-Øn\vXSn e`n-°p-sa∂pw AXp-hgn IS¬ I®-h-S-Øn¬{][m-\n-bm-hm≥ IgnbpwF∂pw Ah¿ [cn-®t∏mgmWv. Aßs\h\-߃°v {]m[m-\y-ap-≠m-bn. h\-ta-J-e-Isfkwc-£n-°¬ cmPy-Xm-ev]-cy-am-bn. Cu kml-N-cy-amWv c≠v {][m\ h\\nb-a-ßfpw Hcp h\\bhpw D≠m-hm≥ Imc-Ww.

8 BKÃv 2011

I¨k¿th-j≥ F∂m¬ hne-]n-Sn-∏p≈ XSn-bp≈ ac-߃°v kwc-£Ww F∂m-Wv. ImSp-Iƒ {]mtZ-inIImem-h-ÿsb \nb-{¥n-°p∂p F∂Adn-hp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n´p IqSn-bpw, AXvh\ kwc-£-W-Øns‚ mK-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. h\-]-cn-]m-e-\-Øn¬ imkv{X-Øns‚ ]¶v hfsc ]cn-an-X-am-bn-cp-∂p.h¿Ko-I-cW imkv{X-a-\p-k-cn®v ac-ßsf th¿Xn-cn-°p-I, C¥y≥ ac-ß-fpsS hf¿® tcJ-s∏-Sp -Øp -I,h¿°nwKv πm≥ F∂ ]cn-]m-e\{]{Inb Bkq-{XWw sNøp-I. CsXm-s°-bmWv imkv{X-Øns‚ klm-b-tØmsS sNøp∂ Imcy-߃. XSn-tb-Xc h\-D-Xv]-∂-߃°v h\-]-cn-]m-e-\-Øn¬ Hcp ]¶pw D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.

1894- ¬ Hcp h\-\bw D≠m-bn. CXvh\-]-cn-]m-e-\-Øn-\m-bp≈ s]mXpXXz-ß-fpsS kam-lm-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. Cu\b-hpw h\w XSn-bp-Xv∏-∂-ß-fpsS Ie-hd F∂ k¶-ev]-Øn¬ ASn-bp-d-®-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Im´n¬ h\-hm-kn-Iƒ A[n-I-∏-‰m-bn- mWv \bw Icp-Xn-b-Xv. ]n∂oSv1927- ¬ Hcp h\-\n-baw D≠m-bn. CXn-s‚bpw ImX¬ h\-hn- -h-߃ k¿°m-c-√msX as‰mcp GP≥knbpw sXmS-cp-

Xv F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p. XSn hn -h-߃ Hcn-S-Øp-\n∂pw as‰m-cn-S-tØ°v IS-Øn-sIm≠p t]mI¬, h\-hn- -h-ß-fn-t∑¬Npa-Øm-hp∂ Uyq´n CuSm-°¬CXymZn Imcy -ß-fmWv 1927 -˛seBIvSns‚ ImX¬. kzmX-{¥y-e-_v[n-°p-tijw 1952-˛¬ Hcp C¥y≥ h\-\bw {]Jym-]n-°-s∏- p. CXv Ac \q‰m-≠n\p apºv {_n´o-jp-Im¿ \n¿an®s]mXp h\-\-bsØ ]pXp-°pIam{X-amWp sNbvX-Xv, h\-im-kv{X-X-Xz-߃Dƒs°m≠v h\-]-cn-]m-e\w Fßs\\S-Øm-sa∂ Hc-t\z-j-amWv Cu \b-Øn¬ ImWp-I. h\\mi-Øns‚ ]mcn-ÿn-XnI BLm-X-߃, {]mtZ-inI P\-߃°v h\w sIm≠p≈ {]tbm-P-\-߃,. Irjnbpw h\hpw XΩn-ep≈_‘w, h\-]m-e-I¿°v ]cn-io-e\wthW-sa∂ Bi-bw, Kth-j-W-Øns‚Bhiyw CsXms° ]pXnb \b-Øn¬D≠m-bn. Ata-cn-°≥ {]IrXn kwc-£W {]tbm-K-Øn¬s∏´ h\y-Pohnkwc-£-Ww, A -bm-c-Wy-߃, tZiobDZym-\-߃ F∂nh \b-Øn¬ {]Xy-£-s∏-´p. F∂n´pw {][m\ D∂w h\-Øns‚ DXv]m-Z-\-£-aX Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. k¿°m-cmWv BXy-¥n-I-ambpw

h\-Øns‚ DSa F∂Xv CXnepwImWmw.

am‰-Øns‚ Hcp Imew h∂p.ssPh-ssh-hn[y ]cn-c-£-W-sa∂Bibw h\-]-cn-]m-e-\-Ønepw \b-Ønepw Hcp am‰-ap-≠m-°n. h\w Hcphcp-am-\-t{km-Xkv F∂p Icp-Xn-bp≈]cn-]m-e\ \b-Øn¬ am‰w h∂p. AXvP\-\-∑-bv°m-bp≈ h\-]-cn-]m-e\wF∂-Xn-te°v amdn. tXm -ap-≠m-°m≥h\w sh´n-am-‰pI F∂ ]cn-]mSn Dt]-£n-°-s∏- p. Gsd-°mew \o≠p-\n∂h\-\-io-I-cW {]h¿Øn-Iƒ, AW-s°-´p-Iƒ, £y-[m\y DXv]m-Z-\-Øn-\mbn ImSv Irjn-ÿ-e-am-°pI, h\-Øn¬ Bfp-Isf A[n-h-kn-∏n-°p∂{]h¿Ø-\-߃, Hcp-]mSv h\-\miwD≠m-°n-bn-cp-∂p. h\y-Pohn D]-tZ-iIkan-Xn-Iƒ D≠m-bn, h\w hyh-km-b-im-e-Iƒ°v {][m\ Xmßm-hWw F∂Nn¥°v am‰w h∂p.

BtKm-f-X-e-Øn¬ hym]n® {]IrXnkwc-£W X{¥-ß-fpsS hym]\wC¥y-bn-ep-ap-≠m-bn. Akv]riy h\-ta-J-e-Isf ImØp-kq-£n-°Ww F∂Nn¥ Chn-sSbpw hcp-Øn.

]cn-ÿnXn kwc-£W Bi-b-߃Dƒs°m-≈p∂ Hcp h\-\bw 1988-˛¬D≠mbn. temI-sØ-ºmSpw \mi-`o-jWn t\cn-Sp∂ DjvW-ta-Jem h\-ßsf kwc-£n-°m-\p≈ Hcp Xo{h{ia-Øns‚ {]Xn- -e-\-am-bn-cp∂p Cu]pXnb \b-w. ]cn-c-£Ww F∂-Xn\vIqSp-X¬ hy‡-amb hnti-jWw\¬I-s∏- p. kwc-£-Ww, ]cn-]m-e-\w,\ne-\n¬∏p≈ D]-t`m-Kw, ]p\-ÿm-]-\w, ss\k¿KnI ]cn-ÿn-Xn-bpsSA`n-hr≤n F∂o LS-I-߃ AS-ßn-b-Xm-bn-cp∂p Cu \bw. 1952-˛se\bsØ ASn-apSn X≈n-∏-d-bp∂ H∂m-bn-cp∂p CXv. ac-߃ \nd™ `q{]-tZ-i-ßsf kmº-ØnI hcp-am\t{kmX- mbn ImWp∂ ÿnXnhntijw amd-W-sa∂pw ImSp-IƒtZiob kzØm-sW-∂pw, AXv HcpcmPy-Øns‚ apgp-h≥ kaq-l-Øn\pwF°m-eØpw D]-I-cn-°p∂ BkvXn-bmbn ]cn-]m-en-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xm-sW∂pwCu \bw hy‡-am-°p-∂p. hnImk{]h¿Ø-\-߃ h\-kw-c-£W XXz-߃ am\n®p sIm≠p-thWw \S-∏m-°m≥ F∂v \njvI¿jn-°-s∏- p. h\wht\-Xc Bh-iy-߃°mbn D]-tbm-Kn-°-W-sa-¶n¬ tI{μ-k¿°m-cns‚ap≥Iq¿ A\p-hmZw thW-sa∂ 1980-˛se \nbaw I¿°-i-ambn XpS¿∂p.

P\-]-¶m-fn-Ø-tØmsS h\-kw-c-£Ww km[y-am-°p∂ sP.-F-^v.-Fw.]cn-]mSn 1990- ¬ \ne-hn¬ h∂Xv Hcp

imkv{X-KXn 9

hgn-Øn-cn-hm-Wv. h\m-Xn¿Øn-I-fn¬Xma-kn-°p∂ {Kmao-W¿°v sXmgnepwhcp-am-\hpw {]Zm\w sNøp∂ Hcp ]cn-]m-Sn-bmbn sP.-F-^v.-Fw. 2002-˛¬hf¿∂p. kv{XoIƒ AS-ßp∂ sP.-F-

v.-Fw. IΩn-‰n-Iƒ°v ta¬t\m´w hln-°m≥ ta¬t°mbva kwhn-[m-\-߃\nb-a-]-c-ambn \ne-hn¬ h∂p. CXn¬h\w-h-Ip-∏p-tZym-K-ÿ-cpsS km∂n≤yw\n¿_-‘-am-Wv. Bkq-{Xn-X-ambn ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ \S-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-sIm≠pwBh-iym-\p-k-cWw ]cn-]m-e\ X{¥-߃ am‰m-sa-∂-Xp-sIm≠pw Cu ]cn-]mSn AwKo-IrX h\-]-cn-]m-e\ X{¥-Øn¬\n∂pw hyXy-kvXam-bn. ]cn-]m-Sn-bn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p∂ {Kmao-W¿°v ]cn-]m-Sn-bpsS \S-Øn-∏n¬ ]¶p-s≠-∂-Xpw,t\ -ß-fpsS Hmlcn Ah¿°v Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sm-sa-∂Xpw sP.-F- v.-Fw.s\ A\-\y-am-°n.

Imcy-߃ Cß-s\-sbm-s°-bm-sW-¶nepw \ΩpsS h\-]-cn-]m-e\w F∂{]{Inb C∂pw sImtfm-Wn-b¬ kz`m-h-Øn¬\n∂pw hn´p t]m∂n-´n√F∂Xv Hcp ZpxJ kXy-am-Wv.

h\-]-cn-]m-e-\-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\X{¥w ""h¿°nwKv πm≥'' F∂ Bkq-{XW tcJ-bn¬ A[n-jvTn-X-am-Wv. h\y-Pohn kwc-£W h\-ta-J-e-Iƒ°v Cu]cn-]m-e\ X{¥w A√ F∂Xv ]d-tb-≠-Xp-≠v. Ah-bpsS ]cn-]m-e-\-Øn\v ""amt\-Pp-sa‚ v B£≥ πm≥''BWv D]-tbm-Kn®p hcp-∂-Xv.

F¥mWv h¿°nwKv πm≥?h¿°nwKv πm\n¬ c≠p LS-I-ß-

fp-≠v.

(H-∂v) ]cn-]m-e\ hnt[-b-am-Im≥t]mIp∂ ImSns‚ C∂sØ ÿnXnFs¥∂ At\z-j-Ww.

(c≠v) \ne-hn -ep≈ ImSns\AXns‚ DØ-a-amb ÿnXn-bn¬Fßs\ \ne-\n¿Øm≥ F¥psNøm≥ Dt±-in-°p∂p? {]Xo-£n-°p∂BZmbw F{X-sb∂v {]h-Nn-°m≥km[n-°-Ww.

Hcp h¿°nwKv πm\n\v aq∂p Xe-ß-fp-≠v.

(1) h\-hn-h-cWw: h\-hn-kvXo¿WwF{X? CXn¬ hnhn[ C\w hf¿®m-\n-c-°p-Iƒ, ImWn-°p∂ `mK-ß-fpsSIW°p-Iƒ, Hcp \n›nX mKØv D≈XSn-bpsS ]cn-am-Ww (Volume), AhsbAf-hp-I-tfm-sS, ac-Øns‚ {]mbwImWn-®p-sIm≠v hnh-c-ti-Jcw \S-Øp-∂p. Ct∏mƒ F{X sh´n-sb-Sp-°mw.?`mhnbn¬- F{X, Ft∏mƒ FSp°mwFs∂ms° ImWn-°p∂ tcJ-bp-≠m-°¬.

(2) ]cn-K-W-\-bn-ep≈ h\- m-KsØkmº-ØnI t\´-Øn-\mbn \ne-\n¿Øp-tºmƒ sNtø≠ tPmen-IƒFs¥ms° F∂v tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-I.{]kvXpX ÿeØv hcp-tØ≠ sa®-s∏-Sp-Ø-ep-Iƒ Fs¥m-s°-sb∂v\n¿W-bn-°-Ww.

(3) DXv]-∂-sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈ {]h-N-\w. F{X NXp-c{i ASn ac-ØSn In´pwF∂v IrXy -ambn {]h-Nn -°p -I.A{Xbpw XSn°v hn]-Wn-bn¬ F{Xhne In´pw F∂v IW-°m-°p-I.

Npcp°n ]d-™m¬ h\sØ ]cn-kc kulr-Zhpw ]p\-cm-hn-jv°mckm[y-X-bp-≈-Xp-amb DXv]-∂-ß-fpsSDd-hnSw F∂ \ne-bn¬ ]cn-]m-en-°m-\p≈ X{¥-amWv h¿°nwKv πm≥.

Cu ]cn-]m-e\ X{¥w amd-Ww,am‰-Ww.

h\-Øn\v DXv]-∂-ßfpw tkh-\-ß-fp -ap -≠v . {]mtZ -inI kaq -l-߃°p≈ D]-Im-c-߃, Imem-hÿm\nb-{¥-Ww, Im¿_¨ tiJ-c-Ww,hmbp Pe ipNo-I-c-Ww, P\n-XIhn`h Ie-hd CsXms° ImSns‚ Ign-hp-I-fm-Wv, tkh-\-ß-fm-Wv. Cu tkh-\-߃ \nd-th-‰m≥ ImSns\ k÷-am-°p∂ ]cn-]m-e\ X{¥-amWv th≠-

Xv. ]cn-]m-e-\-X-{¥-Øns‚ Du∂¬am‰Ww kv]ojn-kns\ tI{μo-I-cn®psIm≠p≈ Du∂¬ am‰n Bhm-ksØtI{μo-I-cn-®m-h-Ww. Hcp {]tXyI D]-tbm-KsØ am{Xw tI{μo-I-cn-®p-≈-Xp-amdn _lp-KpW hn`h kao-]\wBIWw ]cn-]m-e\ X{¥-Øn-\v. XSn-sh- ¬ tamU-en¬ \n∂v Im¿_¨ ]cn-]m-e\ tamU-em-h-Ww. {]IrXn hn`h]cn-]m-e-\-Øn-\mbn {]mtZ-inI kaq-l-ß-fpsS im‡o-I-cWw e£y-an-S-Ww.cmk-h-f-{]-tbmKw sIm≠v kky-k-º-Øns‚ ssPh-]nWvU h¿≤-\-h√e£y-am-t°-≠-Xv, h\-Øns‚ s]mXpBtcmKy ta∑-bmWv h¿≤n-∏n-t°-≠-Xv.ASn-°m-Sp-Iƒ t]mjn-∏n-°-bmWv th≠-Xv, sh´n-°-f-b-e-√m. sXc-™p-sh- ¬\S-Øn-bn- p≈ ImSp-I-fpsS \nP-ÿnXn]Tn-°-Ww. I®-hS km[y-X-bp≈ ac-ß-fpsS IW-s°-Sp-∏√ kky-Pmekmaqly ]T-\-amWv th≠-Xv. \in®pt]mb kky kaq-l-ß-fpsS ]p\-cm-hn-jvImc At\z-j-W-߃ ]T\ hnt[-b-am-°-Ww. ]cn-]m-e\ X{¥-Øn\vimkv{Xob ]n≥_ew Dd∏p hcp-Ø-Ww. Npcp-°-Øn¬ h\-]-cn-]m-e\w ASn-apSn ]cn-jvI-cn-°-Ww. h\y-arK A`-bm-cWy ]cn-]m-e-\-sØ-∏‰n thsdm-cn-°¬ ]d-bmw.

10 BKÃv 2011

am{¥n-I-a-cp-∂p-I-fpsS

kz¥w \mSv

Ih¿tÃmdntUm. at\mPv tImaØv

Btcm-Ky-cw-KØv Hcp-Im-eØv temI-{i-≤-t\-Snb Hcn-S-amWv \ΩpsS sIm®p-tI-c-fw. {]mY-an-Im-tcm-Ky-cw-KsØ t\ -ß-fpsS t]cn¬ F¨]-Xp-I-fn¬ "tIc-f-tam-U¬' hnJym-X-am-bn. XpS¿∂vhntZi Huj-[-Ip-Ø-I-I-fpsS Nqj-W-߃s°-Xn-cm-bp≈ apt∂-‰-ß-fpsSt]cnepw {i≤-t\-Sn. C∂v, Cu Ccp-]-sØm∂mw \q‰m-≠ns‚ c≠mw Zi-I-Øn¬ tIcfw as‰m-cp-hn-[-Øn¬ {i≤m-tI-{μ-am-hp-I-bm-Wv- -]-cn-jvIr-X-tem-IØvFhn-sSbpw ImWm-Ø-hn[w AZv p-X-tcm-K-im¥n hmKvZm\w sNøp∂ am{¥n-I-a-cp-∂p-I-fpsS (Magic Remedies) kz¥w\mSv F∂ t]cn¬.

\nXy-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ \sΩ Ae- p∂F√m Akp-J-߃°pw (I-cƒtcm-Kw,Bkvfl, aqe-°p-cp, ssewKn-I-_-e-lo-\-X, {]talw F∂p-th≠ s]mÆ-Ø-

am{¥n-I-a-cp-∂p-I-fpsS

kz¥w \mSv

Sn-h-sc) £n{]-]-cn-lmcw hmKvZm\wsNøp∂ acp-∂p-I-fpsS tLmj-bm-{X-bm-Wn-hn-sS. hnZ-Kvt[m-]-tZ-i-an-√msXB¿°pw t\cn´p hmßn-I-gn-°m≥ ]mI-Øn¬ h≥]-c -ky-ß-tfmsS Ch\mSmsI hnX-cWw sNø-s∏-Sp-∂p.Bbp¿th-Z-Ønse A\¿L-amb Adn-hp-I-fpsS ]n≥_-e-amWv acp-∂p-I-fpsSAZv`p-X-kn-≤n-Iƒ°p \nZm-\-sa∂km£y-]-{Xhpw ImWmw.

tcmK-߃°p≈ acp∂p imkv{Xo-b-ambn hnI-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-°m\pw AXns‚^ew ]co-£n-®p-d-∏p-h-cp-Øm-\p-an∂phy‡-amb am¿K-tc-J-I-fp-≠v. acp-∂p-ev]m-Z-\hpw hnX-c-Whpw I¿i-\-\n-b-a-ß-fpsS \ng-en-em-Wv. AXp \nco-£n-°m≥ k¿°m¿ kwhn-[m-\-ß-fp-≠v.sX‰n-≤m-c-Wm-P-\-I-amb Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-߃ ]c-ky-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xp XS-bm≥

{]tXyI \nb-a-ap-≠v. F∂n pw bmsXmcpimkv{Xob ]n≥_-e-hp-an-√msX AZv p-X-tcm-K-im¥n hmKvZm\w sNøp∂am{¥n-I-a-cp-∂p-Iƒ ChnsS Cd-ßn-s°m-t≠-bn-cn-°p∂p (sX-fn-bn-°-s∏-´m¬t\m_¬k-Ωm-\-Øn-\p-hsc A¿lX\¬Ip-∂-h-bmWo Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-ß-fn¬]e-Xpw). eh-teiw \nb-{¥-W-an-√msXAh btYjvSw hn‰-gn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. XXz-Zo£ sXm´p-Xo-≠n-bn- n-√mØ ]c-ky-ß-fpsS ]n≥_-e-tØm-sS.

P\-ß-fpsS BtcmKyw ]¥mSntImSn-Iƒ sImøp∂ \nIr-jvS-amb Cu_nkn-\kv \S-°p-∂Xp {]_p-≤-tI-c-f-Øn-em-Wv. CsX-ßs\ km[y-am-Ip∂pF∂-t\z-jn-°p-∂Xp IuXp-I-am-bn-cn-°pw. s]mXp-P-\-Øns‚ Ah-t_m-[-an-√m-bva, \nb-a-ß-fpsS ]gp-Xp-Iƒ, \nb-{¥-W-kw-hn-[m-\-Øns‚ ]ng-hp-Iƒ

hntZ-i-Ip-Ø-I-I-fpsS s\dn-sI´ Huj-[-hn-ev]-\sb FXn¿Øv {]Xn-tj-[-ap-t∂-‰-ß-fp-ambn \S∂ tIc-f-Ønse ]ptcm-K-a\ P\-Iob {]ÿm-\-߃ Cu am{¥n-I-a-cp-∂p-ssh-Xm-fn-I¿s°-Xnsc cwK-Øn-d-ßm≥ sshIn.

imkv{X-KXn 11

F∂n-ßs\ hnhn-[-Im-c-W-߃ CXn\p]n∂n-ep-≠v. AXns‚ hni-Zmw-i-߃NnI™v ]cn-lm-c-\n¿tZ-i-߃ hbv°m-\p≈ {ia-am-Wn-hn-sS.

Huj-[-߃-˛-Im-cyhpw I]-S-hpw

a\p-jy-cmin NnIn-’-Xp-S-ßnbImew-ap-X¬ acp-∂p-Ifpw \ne-hn-ep-≠v.c≠p-\q-‰m-≠p-ap-ºp-hsc {]Ir-Xn-h-kvXp-°sf kwkvI-cn®v tcmKn°p Ign-°m≥sImSp-°pI F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p coXn. ico-c-Øn-\-IØp tcmK-Øn\p Imc-W-am-Ip∂ Zpcq-l-i-‡nsb (hm-X- -]n-Ø- -I^ tZmj-ßtfm abm-ktam ssh‰¬t^mgvtkm) \nb-{¥n®p tcmK-im-¥n-h-cp-Øp-hm≥ th≠n-bp-t±-in-®m-bn-cp∂phnhn[ NnIn’m k{º-Zm-b-߃ acp-∂p-Iƒ cq]-I-ev]\ sNbvXn-cp-∂-Xv.B[p-\nI m¿a-t°m-f-Pn-bpsS hc-thm-sS-bmWv hgn-Øn-cn-hp-≠m-b-Xv. {]IrXnhkvXp-°-fn-e-S-ßnb GsX-¶nepw Hcpcmk-L-SIw am{X-amWp tcmK-im-¥n-°p-]-I-cn-°pI F∂p Xncn-®-dn-b-s∏- p. Ccp-]Xmw \q‰m-≠n¬, tcmK-߃°p]n∂nse ssPh-˛-cmkIm-c-W-߃hy‡-am-b-tXmsS Huj-[-ßfpwimkv{Xo-b-am-bn. \n›nX tcmK-Im-c-W-Øn-s\-Xnsc X∑m-{Xm-X-e-Øn¬{]h¿Øn-°p∂ cmk-h-kvXp-°-fmWv(km-t¶-Xn-I-ambn "{UKvkv' F∂p hnfn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h) Huj-[-߃ F∂ \n¿h-N\w h∂p. Hmtcm tcmK-Øn-\p-ap≈{]Xn-hn-[n-bmbn \¬Im-hp∂ {UKvGsX∂p imkv{Xo-b-ambn Is≠-Øm\pw hymh-km-bn-I-ambn \n¿an®ptcmKn-Iƒ°p apgp-h≥ e`y-am-°m-\p-ap≈ am¿K-߃ Dcp-Øn-cn-™p. BtKm-f-X-e-Ønepw tZio-b-X-e-Ønepw acp-∂p-Iƒ Dev]m-Zn-∏n®p hnX-cWw sNøp∂{UKv Iº-\n-Iƒ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂p.Hmtcm cmPy-Øpw, acp-∂p-I-fpsS kpc-£n-XXzhpw hnizm-ky-Xbpw Dd-∏p-h-cp-Øp-hm-\p≈ \nb-a-ßfpw hn]-W-\-Øn-\p≈ \nb-{¥-W-kw-hn-[m-\-ß-fp-ap≠v.

C∂p e`y-amb acp-∂p-Iƒ, Ah-bpsSKuc-h-a-\p-k-cn®p ]eX-c-ap-≠v. NneXvBtcm-Ky-]-cn-]m-e\w Dt±-in-®p-≈, ico-c-]p-jvSn°p KpW-I-c-amb "tSmWn-°p-Iƒ'BWv (hn-‰m-an≥ Kpfn-I-Iƒ, aos\ÆXpS-ßn-bh DZm-l-c-Ww). Ae-£y-ambnAI-Øm-°n-bmepw A_-≤-Øn¬ Ign-®mepw ico-c-Øn\p tZmj-am-Im-Ø-h.Ch-sb√mw tUmIvS-dpsS Ipdn-∏SnIqSmsX e`n-°pw. tcmK-e-£-W-ß-fpsSkam-izm-k-Øn\v D]-I-cn-°p-∂-h-bmWvas‰mcp hn m-Kw. s]bn≥_m-ap-Iƒ, N¿a-te-]-\-߃ XpS-ßn-b-h. CsX√mw acp-∂p-I-S-I-fn¬ \n∂p t\cn p hmßm-hp∂"Hmh¿ Z Iu≠¿' (OTC) acp-∂p-I-f-s{X.

tUmIvS¿ Ipdn-®p-\¬In tcmKn°p kz¥-ambn hmßn-°-gn-°m-hp∂ acp-∂p-I-fmWvASp-Ø-Xv. tUmIvS-dpsS ta¬t\m´Øn¬tcmKn Ign-t°-≠p∂ "sjUyqƒUv' acp-∂p-I-fmWv as‰mcp hn`m-Kw. sNdnb{]iv\-km-[y-X-bp≈hbmWv CXn-epƒs∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. tUmIvS¿ t\cn p\¬tI-≠Xpw \nco-£n-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xp-amb sNdn-sbmcp hn m-Kw-Iq-Sn-bp-≠v. Kpcp-X-c-L-´-Øn¬ {]tbm-Kn-t°-≠p-∂,]m¿iz- -e-ß-fp≈ cmk-h-kvXp-°ƒ(DZm: Iotam-sX-dm∏n acp-∂p-Iƒ) DZm-l-c-Ww.

CXn-teXp hn`m-K-Øn¬s∏´ acp-∂p-I-fnepw Im]Syw IS-∂p-h-cmw. Aß-s\-bmWp I≈-a-cp-∂p-Ifpw s]m≈-a-cp-∂p-Ifpw am{¥n-I-a-cp-∂p-Ifpw {]N-cn-°p-∂-Xv. I≈-a-cp-∂p-Iƒ A\p-I-c-W-ßtfmAwKo-Im-c-an-√msX hn‰-gn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-tbm- B-Wv. KpW-\n-e-hmcw Ipd-™Xpw^e-ap-s≠∂v Dd-∏n-√m-Ø-Xp-amWvs]m≈-a-cp-∂p-Iƒ. am{¥n-I-a-cp-∂p-I-fm-I-s´, \ne-hn-ep≈ Huj-[-ß-sf-s°m≠p ssIh-cn-°m-\m-hmØ AZv p-X-tcm-K-im¥n hmKvZm\w sNøp-∂-h-bm-Wv. e-kn-≤n-bp-s≠∂p X{¥-]q¿hw{]N-cn-∏n-®m-Wnh hn]W\w \S-Øp-∂-Xv. CsX√mw \ΩpsS \m´n¬ hym]-I-am-sW-∂-XmWv Atem-k-c-s∏-Sp-Øp∂kXyw. \nc-£-c-Ip-£n-Isf ]‰n®p]Ww ]nSp-ßm≥ ]S-®n-d-°p∂ am{¥n-I-a-cp-∂p-Iƒ°p \ΩpsS {]_p-≤-tI-cfwh≥hn-]-Wn-bmbn amdp-∂p-sh-∂XvBscbpw Aº-c-∏n-°pw. Cu {]Xn- m-

k-Øns‚ Imcy-Im-c-W-ß-fn-te°p IS-°pw-apºv "{UKv I¨t{Smƒ' Fs¥-∂-dn-b-Ww.

Huj-[-\n-b-{¥-Wwacp-∂p-I-fnse A]m-I-X-Iƒ P\-

Øns‚ Btcm-Ky-Øn\p oj-Wn-bm-Ipw.acp-∂p-I-fpsS {]h¿Ø-\w, Ah-bpsS\n¿-amWw XpS-ßnb Imcy-ß-fpsS kmt¶-

Xn-I-hiw P\--ßsf ]Tn-∏n®v _p≤n-]q¿hw acp-∂p-]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ {]m]vX-cm-°¬ A{]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-Wv. AXn-\m¬ c-

W-Iq-S-߃ Ah-bpsS kpc-£n-X-XzhpwKpW-\n-e-hm-chpw Dd-∏p-h-cp-tØ-≠-Xp-≠v.CXn-\m-bp≈ \nb-a-ßfpw \nb-{¥-W-kw-

hn-[m-\-ßfpw F√m-cm-PyØpw \S-∏m-°-s∏-´n -cn -°p-∂p. AXmWv "{UKvI¨tSmƒ' F∂dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.

^e-kn≤n sXfn-bn-°-s∏- Xpw {]Nm-

c-Øn¬ h∂p-I-gn-™-Xp-am-bp≈ acp-∂p-I-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-ß-fpƒs°m-≈p∂"Huj-[-tc-J-Iƒ' (A-Yhm " m¿Ω-t°m-

∏nb') AXXv cmPy-߃ ]pd-Øn-d-°p-∂p-≠v. AXp-{]-Im-c-ap≈ Huj-[-\n¿am-W-amWp \njvI¿jn-°-s∏-´n-´p-≈-Xv.

hymh-km-bn-I-ambn DXv]m-Zn-∏n®p hnX-cWw sNøm≥ ssek≥kv hyh-ÿ-I-fp-≠v. Ah-bpsS KpW-\n-e-hmcw ]cn-

tim-[n-°m≥ k¿°m¿ hn`m-K-ßfpwDtZym-K-ÿ-cp-ap-≠v. acp-∂p-Iƒ hn¬°p-∂Xv ssek≥kns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬Ah-bpsS imkv{Xo-b-hiw ]Tn® m¿a-kn-Ãp-I-fpsS ta¬t\m-´-Øn-em-I-W-sa∂pw hyh-ÿ-bp-≠v.

12 BKÃv 2011

C¥y-bnepw CtX-co-Xn-bn-emWv Huj-[-\n-b-{¥W-kw-hn-[m\w cq]-I-ev]\sNø-s∏-´n -´p -≈-Xv. Chn -sSsØ{UKvI¨t{Smƒ \nb-a-߃°v cmPy-kzm-X-{¥y-sØ-°mƒ ]g-°-ap≠v F∂Xpw{]kvXm-hy-am-Wv. 1940- -¬ A[n-\n-b-a-amb"{UKvkv B≥Uv tImkva-‰nIvkv BIvSv'\ne-hn¬h-∂p. A\p-_‘ \nb-a-߃{UKvkv B≥Uv tImkva-‰nIvkv dqƒkvh∂Xv 1945- -em-Wv. {UKv I¨t{Sm-f¿ P\-d-ens‚ Bÿm\w \yqsU¬ln-bm-Wv.F√m kwÿm-\Øpw {UKv I¨t{Sm-f¿amcpw Pn√-IƒtXmdpw {UKv C≥kvs]-IvS¿am-cp-ap-≠v.

\ΩpsS cmPyØv BZy-Im-eØp Xt±-iob NnIn-’m-k-{º-Zm-b-ß-fnse ({][m-\-ambpw Bbp¿thZw) Huj-[-߃ \nb-{¥-W-an-√msX A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏- ncp-∂p. ]g-b-X-e-ap-d-bpsS ImeØv sshZy-∑m¿t\cn p acp-∂p-≠m°n tcmKn°p \¬Ip∂coXn-bm-bn-cp-∂-t√m. B[p-\nI {U§p-I-fpsS Nph-Sp-]n-Sn®v Bbp¿th-Z-a-cp-∂p-Ifpwhymh-km-bnI DXv]m-Z-\-Øn-te°p\oßn. Acn-jvTm-k-h-ß-fn¬ B¬°-tlm-fns‚ Awiw kzm`m-hn-I-am-Wv.CXns‚ ad-]n-Sn®v Nne¿ Icp-Xn-°q´nelcn tN¿Øp hn¬°p-hm-\m-cw- n-®p.AtXmsS Bbp¿th-Z-Ønepw \nb-{¥WwthW-sa∂ ÿnXn-bm-bn. 1964˛se \nb-a-t -Z-K-Xn-{]-Imcw Bbp¿thZ Huj-[-ßfpw {UKvkv I¨t{Sm-fn\p Iogn¬

h∂p. {UKvkv B≥Uv tImkvsa-‰nIvkvdqƒkn¬ A[ymbw IV-A- bn¬ Bbp¿th-Z- -kn-≤- -bp-\m\n acp-∂p-I-fpsS DXv]m-Z-\hpw hnX-c-Whpw kw_-‘n®v \nb-a-߃ t{ImUo-I-cn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p.]c-º-cm-KX k{º-Zm-b-ßfnse acp-∂p-I-fnse ambw tN¿°¬ (adulteration),

sX‰n-≤-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂ \maw (misbrand-ing), I≈-t®-cp-h-I-Iƒ (spurious drug)

Ch-sb-°p-dn®v hy‡-ambn \n¿h-Nn-®n-´p -≠v. CØcw Imcy -߃°p≈in£bpw ]d-™n- p-≠v.

tIc-f-Øn¬ {UKv I¨t{Sm-f-dpsSIogn¬ Bbp¿th-Z-Øn\p {]tXyIsU]yq´n {UKv I¨t{Sm-f-dp-≠v. Pn√-IƒtXmdpw {]tXyI {UKv C≥kvs]-IvS¿am-cpw.

]mc-º-cy-a-cp-∂p-Iƒ {]Ir-Xn-h-kvXp-°-fpsS kØp-I-fm-Wpƒs°m-≈p-∂-Xv.\n›nX cmk-h-kvXp-°-f-√. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ DXv]∂w ]cn-tim-[n®p KpW-\n-e-hmcw \n›-bn-°p-hm≥ {]mtbm-KnI_p≤n-ap- p-≠v. Bbp¿th-Z-Øn¬ \n¿am-W-L- -Øn-ep≈ "\√ \S-∏p-Iƒ' (GoodManufacturing Practice-GMP) BWp\njvI¿jn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Bbp¿thZwASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bp≈ am{¥n-I-a-cp-∂p-Iƒ {UKv I¨t{Smƒ kwhn-[m-\-Øn-eqsS IS-∂p-h-cp-∂-sX-ß-s\-sb-∂-dn-bm≥ ]pXnb acp-∂p-Iƒ°p≈ \nb-a-ß-sf-s¥∂p a\- n-em-t°-≠-Xp-≠v.

]pXnba-cp-∂p-Iƒ hcp-tºmƒ^m¿Ω-t°m-∏n-b-bnse acp-∂p-I-fpsS

DXv]m-Z-\hpw hnX-c-Whpw \nb-{¥n-°-emWp {UKv I¨t{Smƒ kwhn-[m-\-Øns‚ [¿aw. ^m¿Ω-t°m-f-Pn-sb∂imkv{X-im-J, ]t£, \nc-¥cw hnI-kn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. \ne-hn-ep≈ acp-∂p-Iƒ°p anI® _Z-ep-Ifpw ]pXnbtcmK-߃°p≈ ]pXnb acp-∂p-IfpwIs≠-Ø-s∏-´p -sIm-≠n-cn -°p -∂p.CXns‚ {]tbm-P\w P\-߃°p e`y-am-°m-≥ Ah DXv]m-Zn-∏n®p hnX-cWwsNøm≥ \n¿am-Xm-°sf A\p-h-Zn-°-Ww. AtX-k-abw ]pXnb acp∂p e-{]-Z-am-tWm-sb-∂-dn-bp-∂-Xns‚ sXfnhptNmZn-t°-≠Xv Huj-[-\n-b-{¥-W-Øn\vBh-iy-hp -am -Wv. A√m-Ø-]£w]pXnb acp-s∂∂ t]cn¬ ssek≥-sk-SpØv F¥pw hn‰v P\-ß-fpsSBtcmKyw ]¥mSn sIm≈-em`wsImøp∂ Ahÿ ht∂-°mw.

\ne-hn-en-√mØ ]pXnb acp-∂mWv(A-s√-¶n¬ \ne-hn -ep≈hbpsS]pXnb k¶-ctam cq]-tam) hn¬t°-≠-sX-¶n¬ AXns‚ e-kn≤n (Efficacy)bpsS tcJ-Iƒ {UKv I¨t{Sm-f¿°pka¿∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. BZyw acp-∂ns‚tZmj-߃ t\m°n kpc-£n-X-tUmkv\n›-bn-°-Ww. ]ns∂ acp∂v GX-kp-J-Øn-\mWv Dt±-in-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv,B AkpJw amdp-sa∂p sXfn-bn-°-Ww. CXn-\mbn A¥¿tZ-io-b-X-e-Øn¬AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏´ ]co-£-W-]-c-º-c-I-fp-≠v. arK-ß-fn¬ ]co-£n®p Xr]vXn-s∏´ tijw a\p-jy-cn¬ aq∂p L -ß-fn-embn "¢n\n-°¬ {Sb¬' sNbvXn- p-thWw acp-∂ns‚ e-kn≤n \n›-bn-°p-hm≥. Btdm Gtgm h¿j-ß-sf-Sp-°p-s∂mcp {]{In-b-bm-WnXv. `oa-ambsNe-hp-hcpw (ÿ-e-]-cn-an-Xn-Im-c-Ww- hn-i-Zmw-i-߃ Hgn-hm-°p-I-bm-Wv).

CXv B[p-\nI {U§p-Iƒ \ΩpsS\m´n¬ hn¬°m-\-\p-h-Zn-°p∂ Imcyw.Bbp¿th-Z-Ønse ]pØ≥ acp-∂p-I-fpsS Imcytam? kl-{k-tbmKw XpSßn{]i-kvX-amb Bbp¿th-Z-{K-Ÿ-߃ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bmWv Bbp¿th-Z-^m¿a-t°m-^nb cq]o-I-cn-®n-´p-≈-Xv.ChnsS e`y-amb kIe kkye-Xm-Zn-Ifpw ]cm-a¿in-°-s∏- p-I-gn™Xn\m¬XnI®pw auen-I-am-sbmcp ]pØ≥Huj-[-Øn\p ÿm\w Iev]n-°-s∏- n-´n-√. AtX-k-abw hnhn[ sshZy-im-e-Iƒ AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏´ Huj-[-tbm-K-ßsf Aev]-kzev]w t`Z-K-Xn-I-tfm-sS-bmWv \n¿an-°m-dp-≈-Xv. Bbp¿thZ{UKv I¨t{Sm-fn¬ Cu hyXn-bm-\-߃AwKo-I-cn®p sImSp-Øn- p-≠v. hyXy-kvX-amb \n¿am-W-am-sW-¶n¬ AXp

Bbp¿th-Z-Øns‚ Nne Huj-[-°q- p-Iƒ Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-I, ]ns∂ Dev]m-Z-I-\p-am{Xw Adn-bm-hp∂ NnetNcp-h-Ifpw Iq´n Hcp "tImw_n-t\-j≥' D≠m-°p-I.kaq-l-Øn¬ Gsdt∏sc Ae- p∂ GsX-¶nepwAkp-J-Øn-\p≈ ssII≠ {]Xn-hn-[n-bm-sW∂p]c-ky-s∏-Sp-Øp-I. hc- p-sNm-dn-ap-X¬ Ij-≠nbpw

FbvUvkpw hsc F¥p-amImw!]{X-Ønepw Snhn-bn-ep-sams°BI¿j-Wo-b-amb ]ckyw\¬In sIm≈-hn-ebv°p acp-∂phn-ev°p-I.

imkv{X-KXn 13

s{]mss{]‰dn acp-∂mbn IW-°m-°-s∏-Spw. FIvsskkv Xocph IqSp-X-embn\¬I-W-sa∂p am{Xw.

]mc-ºcy sshZy-Øn\pw AXp-]-Po-hn®p Imem-bm-]\w \S-Øp-∂-h¿°pwlm\n X´m-Xn-cn-°m≥ \evI-s∏´ Cu]gpXv Xpc∂v Xpc∂v h≥I-hm-S-am°nam‰n-bmWv ]pØ≥ am{¥n-I-a-cp-∂p-IƒtIc-fo-b-cpsS ap∂n-te°p ssP{X-bm{X\S-Øn-b-Xv.

Bbp¿thZw F∂ ]gpXv{UKv I¨t{Sm-fnse Bbp¿thZ

s{]mss{]-‰dn acp-∂ns‚ NphSv ]nSn-®mWv am{¥n-I-a-cp-∂p-Iƒ ChnsS {]h-ln-®-Xv. Bbp¿th-Z-Øns‚ Nne Huj-[-°q- p-Iƒ Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-I, ]ns∂Dev]m-Z-I-\p-am{Xw Adn-bm-hp∂ NnetNcp-h-Ifpw Iq´n Hcp "tImw_n-t\-j≥'D≠m-°p-I. kaq-l-Øn¬ Gsdt∏scAe-´p∂ GsX-¶nepw Akp-J-Øn-\p≈ ssII≠ {]Xn-hn-[n-bm-sW∂p]c-ky-s∏-Sp-Øp-I. hc- p-sNm-dn-ap-X¬Ij-≠nbpw FbvUvkpw hsc F¥p-amImw! ]{X-Ønepw Snhn-bn-ep-sams°BI¿j-Wo-b-amb ]ckyw \¬InsIm≈-hn-ebv°p acp-∂phn-ev°p-I.Imin´p Imip-hm-cm\p≈ h≥ _nkn-\kv km[y-X-bmWv am{¥n-I-a-cp-∂pIƒXpd-∂p-X-cp-∂-Xv.

Cu acp-s∂ms° ^en-°ptam,AXn-\p-\n¿am-Xm-hns‚ Iøn¬ F¥p-sX-fn-hp≠v, acp-∂n¬ e-kn-≤n-°mbnGsX-¶nepw cmk-h-kvXpthm DtØ-P-Itam tN¿Øn- pt≠m, XpS-ßnb Imcy-߃ At\z-jn-°m-\p≈ Ah-t_m[ws]mXp-P-\-Øn-\n-√. Bbp¿th-Z-hn-⁄m-\-Øns‚ Bg-°-S-en¬ \n∂p apßn-sb-SpØ apØmWo acp∂v F∂pw a‰pwX´n-hn- m¬ P\w hngp-ßn-t°m-fpw. ]mc-º-cy-tØmSp Ihn™ aaX (kz¥wBtcm-Ky-tØ-°mƒ!) ImØp kq£n-°p-∂-h-cmWv \Ωƒ. cmk-L-S-I-ß-sf-°p-dn®v IrXy-am-b-dn-bm-hp∂ imkv{Xob]T-\-ß-fn-eqsS kpc-£n-X-tUmkv \n›-bn-°-s∏´ B[p-\nI {UKp-Iƒ ISpØ]m¿iz-^-e-ap≈ hnj-a-cp-∂p-Ifm-sW∂pw Hcp ]cn-tim-[-\bpw \S-ØmØ, \qdp-I-W-°n\v B¬°-tem-bn-Up-Ifp≈ Bbp¿th-Z-I-jmbw ]cn-]q¿Wkpc-£n-X-am-sW∂pw \Ωƒ_e-ambn hmZn-°p-∂p. Bbp¿th-Z-a-cp-∂p-I-fn¬ B[p-\nI imkv{X-Øn\pIs≠-Øm≥ ]‰mØ Nne Znhy-kn-≤n-Iƒ Hfn-™n-cn-∏p-s≠∂pw hniz-kn-®p-t]m-cp-∂p.

Aß-s\, hnizm-k-ß-fpsS Smdn´pan\p°n \Ωƒ Xs∂ am{¥n-I-a-cp-∂p-Iƒ°p cmP-]mX Hcp-°p-∂p. Bbp¿-th-Z-Øn\p \S-∏m-°nb kvs]jy¬

{UKv I¨t{Smƒ acp-s∂∂ t]cn¬F¥pw Ac-®p-cp´n hn¬°p-∂-Xns\t]dm-\p≈ cY-ambn amdp-∂p.

IqSp-X¬ ]gp-Xp-IƒC\n h√-hcpw acp∂v Bbp¿thZ

^m¿a-t°m-∏n-b-bn¬ C√-t√m-sb∂p]cm-Xn-s∏- mepw Hgn-hp-I-gn-hp-≠v. ]c-º-cm-KX Bbp¿th-ZsØ (B-Zn-hmknt^m¿ap-ebpw BImw) B[m-c-am-°n-bp-≈-Xm-sW-∂mhpw hmZw. am{¥n-I-a-cp-∂nse Nne tNcp-h-I-sf-¶nepw GsX-¶nepw Huj-[-tbm-K-Øn¬ k∂n-ln-X-am-bn-cn-°pw. AXp ^en-°p-sa∂vBNm-cy≥ ]d-s™-¶n¬ CXpw^en°pw!

am{¥n-I-a-cp-∂ns‚ em_-d- dn ]cn-tim-[\ k¿ n- n-°‰v thW-sa∂v GsX-¶nepw "Xe-Xn-cn™' DtZym-K-ÿ≥ iTn-®m-tem. AXn-\p-ap≠v t]mwh-gn. Fen-I-fn¬ ]co-£Ww \S-Øp∂ GsX-¶nepw m¿a-t°m-fPn em_n¬ acp∂v\¬In AXns‚ kØ IpØn-h®v FenNmhp∂ ]c-am-h[n tUmkp Is≠-Øp∂ LD 50 sSÃv \S-Øpw. acp∂v

a\p-jy\v kpc-£n-X-am-sW-∂mhpw ]co-£-W-^-ew. CXns‚ k¿´n-^n-°‰vh®mWv Bkvflbv°pw Ij-≠nbv°pwssewKnI _e-lo-\-Xbv°pw "]co-£n®p sXfn-bn® acp∂v' F∂ Ah-Im-i-hmZw ]c-ky-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv!

CØcw Xmt¥m-∂n-Ø-c-ß-fn¬{UKv I¨t{Sm-f¿°v CS-s]´p IqtS-sb∂v tNmZyw hcmw. ]s£, \nb-a-{]-Imcw A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏´ s{]mss{]-‰dnacp-∂ns‚ ssek≥kn-\mWv \n¿am-

Xmhv At]-£n-®-Xmbn ImWp-I. acp-∂n¬ Nmcm-btam kwc-£nX h\-hn- -htam k∂n-ln-X-am-bn- n-s√-∂p-d-∏m-°p-

I, KpUv am\p- m-IvN-dnßv {]mIvSokv{]Im-c-amtWm \n¿an-®-sX∂p t\m°p-I, IwÃkv Xocph ASt®m F∂p ]cn-

tim-[n-°pI XpS-ßn-b-h-bm-Wt√mDtZym-K-ÿs‚ Npa-X-e. a‰p Imcy-߃At\z-jn-°-W-sa-¶n¬ Bsc-¶nepw

tcJm-aqew ]cmXn sImSp-°-Ww. C\n,]cm-Xn-sb-gp-Xn-s°m-SpØv am{¥n-I-a-cp-∂p-Im-cs\ IpSp-°m-sa∂v Bsc-¶nepwIcp-Xp-Ibm-sW-¶n-eXp auVy-am-Wv.

14 BKÃv 2011

ImcWw Ahn-sSbpw \nb-a-Øn¬[mcmfw ]gp-Xp-≠v.

{U§v B‚ v amPnIv sda-UokvBIvSv

am{¥n-I-a-cp-∂p-I-fpsS A\m-im-ky-amb ]c-ky-ßsf XSp-°m≥ \nb-a-sam-∂p-an-t√-sb∂p tNmZn-®m¬, Ac-\q-‰m-≠n\p apºp-Xs∂ AXn-\p≈ A[n-\n-baw (Act) Dhn-sS-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.AXmWv amPnIv sda-Uokv BIvSv.1954˛se ]cn-jvI-cn-°-s∏´ cq]-amWvCt∏mgpw \ne-hn-ep-≈Xv (H-_vP-£-\-_nƒ AUz¿ssS-kvsa‚ v F∂ ]c-ky-\n-b-{¥-W-Øn-\p≈ mKw IqSn AXn¬tN¿Øn- p-≠v). tcmK-im-¥n-°mbn B`n-Nm-c-{In-b-Itfm Ge- p-Itfm sXfn-bn-°-s∏-SmØ acp-∂p-Itfm {]tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn-s\bpw AXp ]c-ky-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-s\bpw Ip‰-I-c-am-bn- mWv \n¿h-Nn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. tcmK-im-¥n-°m-bp≈ Ah-Im-i-ap-∂-bn-®m¬ \nb-a-ew-L-\-am-Ip∂54 Akp-J-ßfpw (B-kvXva, {]ta-lw,h‘y-X, ssewKn -I-_-e-lo-\-X,kv{Xotcm-K-߃... F∂n-ß-s\) AXn¬\evIn-bn- p-≠v.

IuXp-I-I-c-sa∂p ]d-bmw- -tI-c-f-Øn¬ Hcp Zi-I-Øn-\n-∏pdw {]N-cn-∏n-°-s∏´ F√m am{¥n-I-a-cp-∂p-IfpwamPnIv sda-Uokv BIvSns\ \·-ambnewLn-°p-∂p. F∂n´pw Hcp Ip™p-t]mepw in£n-°-s∏- n- n-√. F¥p-sIm-

s≠-t∂m, BIvSn¬ ]d™ Akp-J-߃s°√mw Bbp¿th-Z -Øn¬NnIn’ ]d-™n-´p≠v (A-kpJwamdptam C√tbm F∂p ]d-™n- n-s√-¶n-epw). Ahn-sS-bmWv Bbp¿th-Z-Øns‚ ]n≥]‰n am{¥n-I-a-cp-∂p-≠m-°p-∂-Xns‚ hnP-bw. Bbp¿thZs{]mss{]‰dn acp-∂mbn ssek≥sk-Sp-Øm¬ amPnIv sda-Uokv BIvSv hgn-amdpw!

C\n, amPnIv sda-Uokv BIvSv a‰pam{¥n-I-Nn-In’I¿ ewLn-®mepwAhsc DS-\Sn Is≠-Ømt\m ]nSn-Iq-Smt\m D≈ e-{]-Z-amb kwhn-[m-\-an-√. am{¥nI Ge pw NmØ≥tk-h-bp-sams° \ntXy\ ]ckyw sNø-s∏-Sp∂\mSmWv tIc-fw. \nbaw \S-∏m-°p-∂-h¿ AXp I≠n-s√∂p \Sn-°p-∂XvA¤p-X-I-c-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

]cn-lm-c-am¿K-߃DS-\Sn Hcp \nb-{¥Ww km[y-a-√m-

Ø-hn[w am{¥n-I-a-cp-∂p-Iƒ \ΩpsSkaq-lsØ {Kkn®p Ign-™p-sh∂kXyw Xncn-®-dn-b-Ww. Ime-ß-fmbn \mwXpd-∂n´ ]gp-Xp-Iƒ CXn-\Iw em`-s°m-Xn-b-∑m-cmb H -I-߃°p IS-∂p-t]m-Im≥ ]mI-Øn¬ hnI-kn®p Ign-™n-cn-°p-∂p. Bkq-{Xn-X-amb I¿a-]-≤-Xn-bn-eqsS ]Sn-]-Sn-bm-bp≈ ]cn-lm-c-km-[yXtb ap∂n-ep-≈q.

G‰-hp-amZyw Xncn-®-dn-tb-≠-Xv,Bbp¿th-Z-Øns‚ ad-]‰n kaq-lsØhnUvVn-I-fm°p∂ X{¥-am-Wv. CXns\s]mfn-s®-gp-Xm≥ Bbp¿th-Z-cw-K-Øp-≈-h¿ Xs∂ apt∂m- p-h-c-Ww. Bbp¿th-Z-Øns‚ ]pXnb Is≠-ج F∂a´n¬ Bsc-¶nepw AXn-cp-I-S∂ Ah-Im -i -hm -Z -hp -ambn hcp -tºmƒ,Bbp¿thZ Adn-hp-Iƒ h®v Aß-s\-sbm∂v km[y-am-tWmsb∂p ]cn-tim-[n-°-Ww. AXp-t]mse s{]mss{]-‰dnBbp¿thZ acp-∂p-Iƒ°v ^e-kn-≤n-sX-fn-bn-°¬ (¢n-\n-°¬ {Sb¬ hgn)\n¿_-‘-am-°-Ww. H∏w, ssek≥kve`n® acp-∂p-I-fpsS ]c-ky-߃ ]cn-tim-[n-°m-\p≈ kwhn-[m-\-ap-≠m-°-Ww. Ct∏mƒ amPnIv sda-UokvBIvSn¬ A®Sn am[y-ata s]Sp-∂p-≈q.sSen-hn-j-\nepw C‚¿s\-‰nepw am{¥n-I-a-cp-∂p-]-c-ky-߃ XI¿°p-I-bm-Wv.Ah-IqSn \nb-a-Øns‚ ]cn-[n-bn¬ hc-Ww.

hntZ-i-Ip-Ø-I-I-fpsS s\dn-sI´Huj-[-hn-ev]-\sb FXn¿Øv {]Xn-tj-[-ap-t∂-‰-ß-fp-ambn \S∂ tIc-f-Ønse]ptcm-K-a\ P\-Iob {]ÿm-\-߃ Cuam{¥n-I-a-cp-∂p-ssh-Xm-fn-I¿s°-XnsccwK-Øn-d-ßm≥ sshIn.

G‰-hp-amZyw Xncn-®-dn-tb-≠-Xv, Bbp¿th-Z-Øns‚ad-]‰n kaq-lsØhnUvVn-I-fm°p∂ X{¥-am-Wv. CXns\ s]mfn-s®-gp-Xm≥ Bbp¿th-Z-cw-K-Øp-≈-h¿ Xs∂ apt∂m-´p-h-c-Ww. Bbp¿th-Z-Øns‚ ]pXnb Is≠-ج F∂ a´n¬ Bsc-¶nepw AXn-cp-I-S∂ Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-hp-ambn hcp-tºmƒ, Bbp¿thZ Adn-hp-Iƒ h®v Aß-s\-sbm∂v km[y-am-tWmsb∂p ]cn-tim-[n-°-Ww

imkv{X-KXn 15

]pØ≥ kmº-Øn-I- -D-Zm-c-h-XvI-cW\b-߃ Ign™ Ipd-®p-h¿j-߃°p-≈n¬ temI-ØmsI P\-ß-fpsS Pohn-X-tØbpw Nn¥-I-sfbpw Itºm-f-h-XvI-cn-®n-´p-≠v. GXp-h-gn-bnepw AXn¿Øn-I-fn-√msX [\w kºm-Zn-°p-I, hym]m-c-Øn¬ [m¿an-IX C√msX em -ap-≠m-°pI (Nn-In-’-bm-bm-epw) F∂pwPohnXw {]mb-t`-Z-an -√msX, \nb-{¥Wan√mØ Bk-‡n-I-ƒ \nd-th‰nkpJw tXSpI F∂p-am-bn-´p-≠v. Cukml-N-cy-Øn¬ ]{X- -C-e-Ivt{Sm-Wn-Iv--C‚¿s\‰v Ch-I-fn-eq-sS-bp≈ h≥ ]c-

ky-ß-fpsS ]n¥p-W-tbm-sS-bp≈

hymP Huj[]c-ky-ßfpw

tIc-fhpw

Ih¿tÃmdntUm. Sn. Pb-Ir-jvW≥

Huj[ KpW-an-√mØ DtØ-P\ acp-∂p-I-fp-sS-bpw, kuμcy kwh¿≤IhkvXp-°-fp-sSbpw then-tb-‰-Øn-emWv

tIc-f-an-t∏mƒ. i‡-amb Bbp¿thZ]mc-º-cy-Øn-s‚bpw Kƒ^v-˛-hn-tZihym]mc _‘-ß-fp-sS-bpw, C‚¿s\‰v

hgn-bp≈ t\cn-´p≈ am¿°-‰nw-Kp-I-fp-tSbpw ]n≥_-e-Øn¬ ]pd-Øn-d-°-s∏-Sp∂ BtcmKy {]kn-≤o-I-c-W-ß-fpsS

]c-ky- t]-Pp-Ifn¬ h¿W-\n-d-hn-epws]cp-Ip∂ "dnbm-en‰n'tjmI-fpsSkvt]m¨k¿am-cmbpw {]Xy-£-s∏´v

CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ DXv]-∂-ßfpw \n¿am-Xm-°fpw "Xmc-߃' Bbn hmgp-I-bm-

Wv. Xß-fpsS DXv]-∂-߃°v hn]WnIs≠-Øm≥ Ch¿ ""ico-c, Xz°v- -tIi''kuμ-cy -a’-c-ß-tfbpw ""tamU-epI''tfbpw hm¿sØ-Sp-°p-I-bm-Wv.

Drugs & Cosmetic Act (1940), Drugs& Magic Remedies (Objectionable Adver-tisement Act) 1954 {]Im-chpw Ch-bn¬an°Xpw \ntcm-[n-°m-hp-∂-Xpw, \n¿am-Xm-°sf in£n-°m-hp-∂-Xp-am-Wv.

Cosmetics- (ku-μcy kwh¿≤-I-h-kvXp-°ƒ)˛ icocw ip≤o-I-cn-°m-t\m(cleansing), kuμcyw h¿[n-∏n-°m-t\m,BI¿j-I-am-°m-t\m, Appearance (a-‰p≈hsc tXm∂n-∏n-°m-t\m) am‰mt\m

a\p-jys‚ ssewKn-I-X-bpw, kuμ-cy-h¿≤-\-hn-\p-ap≈ B{K-l-߃ NqjWwsNbvXv kmº-ØnI em`w D≠m-°pI am{X-amWv CØcw \n¿am-Xm-°-fpsSe£yw˛C-Øcw imkv{Xo-bm-Sn-ÿm-\-an-√mØ ]c-ky-߃ \ntcm-[n-°m-\pw,k¿°m-cp-Iƒ kΩ¿±w sNep-Øm\pw Xnc-kvI-cn-°m≥ ]{X- -Nm-\¬ DS-a-Isft{]cn-∏n-°m-\pw, he-bn¬ IpSp-ßm-Xn-cn-°m≥ s]mXp-P-\-ßsf t_m[-h-XvI-cn-°m\pw BtcmKy {]h¿Ø-I¿ {iaw \S-tØ-≠-Xp-≠v. Cs√-¶n¬ aZy-tØm-sSm∏w ""Iman-emcn'' Ign®v Icƒ kpc-£n-X-am-sW∂ hymtP\ tIc-fo-b-cpsSBtcm-Ky-hpw, kºm-Zyhpw A]-IS \ne-bn-se-Ømw

16 BKÃv 2011

Dt±-in®v ]pc-´p-I-tbm, hnX-dp-Itbmkvt{] sNøp-I-tbm, Xncp-Ωp-Itbm (in-troduce) sNøp∂ hkvXp-°-fm-Wv. CXp-{]-Imcw bYm¿∞-Kp-W-߃ sNømØtImkvsa-‰nIv hkvXp-°ƒ \n¿an-°p-∂-Xpw, hym]mcw sNøp-∂Xpw Huj-[-߃ t]mse-Xs∂ in£m¿l-am-Wv.(DZm: shfp-∏n-°p-∂-Xv, sXmen-bpsSNpfn-hp-Iƒ If-bp-∂-Xv) {]mbw Ipd-bp-∂Xv XpS-ßn-bh {]kvXm-hn®v te_-en¬ tN¿Øv KpWw e`n-°p-∂n-s√-¶n¬) C√mØ KpWw {]N-cn-∏n®/{]kvXm-hn®v acp-∂p-I-tfm, kuμcyh¿[I hkvXp-°tfm hym]mcw sNøp-∂Xpw in£m¿l-am-Wv. IqSmsXam{¥nI NnIn-’-I-fmb a{¥w, Ih-Nw,IqtSm-{Xw, b{¥-߃ Ch \S-Øp-∂-Xpw, {]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂Xpw C¥y-bn¬\nb-a - {] -Imcw in£m¿l-am -Wv.ssewKnI i‡n Iq´m-\pw, k¥m-\-e-_v[n-°pw, NnIn-’-bn-√mØ tcmK-߃°v ]ckyw \¬Ip -∂-Xpw,tUmIvSsd I≠v X°-Xmb NnIn’e`n-t°-≠p∂ acp-∂p-Iƒ°v ]ckyw\¬Ip-∂Xpw Drugs & Magic RemediesAct {]Imcw in£m¿l-am-Wv.

B[p-\nI NnIn-’-tbm-S-\p-_-‘n® Huj-[-߃°v temI-\n-e-hm-c-Øn¬ imkv{Xob ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬\nb-{¥-W-ß-fpw, \ne-hm-c-ap-≈-Xn-\mepw ssek≥kv In´m≥ sXfn-bn-°-s∏´ ""¢n\n-°¬ {Sb-ep-Iƒ'' \S-Ø-W-sa-∂-Xn-\m-epw, KpW-\n-e-hm-c-Øn\v¢n]vX am\-Z-WvU-ß-fp-≈-Xn-\m-epw,

(quality standard) tUmIvS¿am-cpsS{]nkv{In-]vj-\p-Iƒ°p-a-∏pdw {]Nm-c-W-Øn\v ]cn -[n -I -fp -≠v . adn® vBbp¿th-Z, bp\m\n acp-∂p-Iƒ°vssek≥kv e`n-°p-hm≥ "¢n\n-°¬]co -£-W-ß-fpsS' sXfnhvth≠mØXn-\mepw ""]pcm-X\ {KŸ]cm-a¿i-߃'' aXn-sb∂ ]n≥_-e-Øn¬ Huj-[-KpWw imkv{Xo-b-ambnsXfn-bn-®n- n-s√-¶nepw hmPo-I-c-W-Øn-s‚-bpw, ssewKnI i‡n-bp-sS-bpw,tIi-˛-XzIv kuμ-cy-Øn-\pw, ico-c-h-Sn-hn\pw, (X-Sn-°m-\pw-˛-sa-en-bm-\pw)am¿°‰v sNbvXv P\-ß-fpsS "Ioi-Iƒ'Imen-bm-°p∂ {]h-W-X-Iƒ IqSn-h-cn-I-bm-Wv. C¥y-bn¬ D]-t`mK kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ ]nSn-bn¬s∏´ tIc-fo-b-cmWvIqSp-Xepw CXns‚ NXn-°p-gn-I-fn¬hoWv t]mhp-∂-Xv.

HutZym-KnI tcJ-Iƒ{]-Imcw C¥y-bnse {]Xn-h¿j Bbp¿thZ Huj[hym]mcw 4205 tImSn cq]-bp-tSXpw 440tImSn Ib-‰p-a-Xn-bp-tS-Xp-am-Wv. tIcfBbp¿thZ {UKv I¨t{Sm-f-dpsS tcJ-{]-Imcw kwÿm-\Øv 1400 Hmfw DXv]m-Z\ bqWn-‰p-Iƒ {]h¿Øn®v hcp-∂p-≠v. 400 tImSn hm¿jnI hcp-am-\-ap≈CXn¬ 60 tImSn Ib-‰p-a-Xn-bn¬\n∂ve`n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

*NnIn-’n®v Xo¿Øpw am‰m≥km[y-a-√mØ FbvUvkv, BkvXvamXpS-ßnb tcmK-߃°v acp-∂p-Iƒ\n¿an®v ]ckyw sNøp-∂Xv in£m¿l-am-Wv. sIm®n-bnse aPoZv F∂ hy‡n-bpsS DS-a-ÿ-X-bn-ep≈ s^b¿ m¿a(Fair Farma) F∂ ÿm]\w"FbvUvkn\v NnIn’' F∂ hº≥]c-ky -߃ \¬In Immuno Q.R(CΩyqtWm Q.R) F∂ acp∂v \n¿an®vhym]mcw \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. 2002 s^{_p-hcn 22 kp{]ow-tIm-SXn CXn\v \ntcm-[\w G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-tºm-tg°pw \n¿am-Xmhv tIc-f-Øn¬ G‰hpw IqSp-X¬hcp-am\ \nIpXn sImSp-°p∂ ÿm]-\-Øns‚ DS-a-bm-bn-cp∂p F∂m-bn-cp∂phm¿Ø.

*Cony bio Health Care F∂ÿm]\w D]-t`m-‡m-°-fp-ambn t\cn vhn]-W-\-Øn-eqsS Xe-th-Z-\bv°vk¨sj-bvUp-I-fpw, hb-‰n¬ Ak-nUn-‰n°v Imen¬ [cn-°m≥ tkmIvkp-I-fpw, IgpØv thZ-\-bv°v- -X-e-bnW Dd-I-fpw, Xf¿®bv°v (Paralysis) s_Uvjo-‰p-I-fpw, kvX\ Im≥k¿ hcm-Xn-cn-°m≥ [cn-°m≥ t{_kn-b-dp-IfpwcmPym-¥-c-ambn hn]-W\w sNbvXv P\-ßsf hnUvVnI-fm-°n-bn-cp-∂p. CXns\Nph-Sp-]n-Sn®v tIc-f-Øn¬ Ct∏mƒLeelaj Herbal Care F∂ ÿm]\w 499

NnIn-’n®v Xo¿Øpwam‰m≥ km[y-a-√mØFbvUvkv, BkvXvam XpS-ßnb tcmK-߃°v acp-∂p-Iƒ \n¿an®v ]ckywsNøp-∂Xv in£m¿l-am-Wv. sIm®n-bnse aPoZvF∂ hy‡n-bpsS DS-a-ÿ-X-bn-ep≈ s^b¿^m¿a F∂ ÿm]\w"FbvUvkn\v NnIn’'F∂ hº≥ ]c-ky-߃\¬In Immuno Q.R F∂acp∂v \n¿an®v hym]mcw\S-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. 2002s^{_p-hcn 22 kp{]ow-tIm-SXn CXn\v \ntcm-[\w G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-tºm-tg°pw \n¿am-Xmhv tIc-f-Øn¬ G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ hcp-am\ \nIpXnsImSp-°p∂ ÿm]-\-Øns‚ DS-a-bm-bn-cp∂pF∂m-bn-cp∂p hm¿Ø

imkv{X-KXn 17

cq] CuSm°n eoePv sl¿_¬ Xe-bnW hn]-W\w sNøp-∂p-≠v. hb-ºv,cma-®w, It®m-ew, Bcy-th∏v XpS-ßnbacp-∂p-I-fpsS ksØ-SpØv Xcn cq]-Øn-em°n D≠m-°p∂ ""tIm´¨'' Xe-b-W-bm-Wn-sX∂pw CXp-]-tbm-Kn®m¬tcmK {]Xn-tcm-[-i‡n h¿≤n-°p-sa∂pw ]d-bp-∂p-. -X-e-bnW tcmK-{]-Xn-tcm[ i‡n h¿≤n-∏n-°p-∂Xv Fhn-sS-sb-¶nepw imkv{Xo-b-ambn sXfn-bn-°-s∏´ hkvXp-X-b-√. CXn\v ""hnX-c-W-°m¿ Bh-iy-ap-s≠∂p'' ]d™p{]apJ ]{X-ß-fn¬ ]c-ky-ßfpw\¬Ip-∂p-≠v.

* Ip∂Øv ^m¿a-kyq-´n-°¬kv\n¿an®v temI-Øm-I-am\w hym]mcwsNø-p∂ “Muslipower Xtra” F∂ acp∂v\nb-a-ew-L\w \SØn sX‰mb hnhcwte_-en¬ \¬In-sb-∂-Xn-s‚-bpw,ssewKnI DtØ-P-\-Øn-\p≈ IgnhvsXfn-bn-°-s∏- n- n-s√-∂p-ap≈ hkvXp-X-I-fpsS t]cn¬ 2011 G{]n¬ amk-amZyw A[n-Ir-X¿ acp-∂ns‚ DXv]m-Z-\-hpw, hym]m-chpw tIc-f-Øn¬ \ntcm-[n -®n -cp -∂p. Muslipower-Xtra bn¬tN¿°m-\p≈ ssek≥kv In´n-bn-´p-≈Xv "\ne-∏\'bmsW∂pw AXn-\p-]-Icw ""kt^Zv a…n'' (Safed Musli) bmWvtN¿Øn-´p -≈-sX∂pw acp -∂n\v\n¿amW A\p-aXn e`n-°p∂ ka-bØvCu LSIw ""C¥y≥ m¿a-t°m-∏n-b-bn¬'' Dƒs∏-Sp -∂-{X-bns√-∂pw,t]mcmsX Cu acp∂v ip≤o-I-cn-°msXtN¿°p-∂-Xn\v Hcn-°epw A\p-a-Xn-bn-s√-∂p-amWv dnt∏m¿´p-Iƒ. t]mcmsXU¬ln C≥Ãn-‰yq´v Hm^v m¿a-kyq-´n-°¬ kb≥kv \S-Ønb ]cn-tim-[-\-bn¬ Muslipower s‚ MP/058/09 batch\º-dn¬ s]´ Kpfn-I-I-fn¬ “Sildenofil”s‚ (tam-tU¨ Huj-[-im-J-bnsessewKnI DtØ-P\ Huj-[w) Awi-߃ Is≠-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p.tIc-f-Øn-\p-]p-dØpw Cu ""hymPHuj[w'' I®-hSw sNbvXp-≠m-°nbkº-Øp-sIm≠v At\Iw ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ(Sports, Arts) ""kvt]m¨k¿'' sNbvXv]c-ky-߃ \¬In hym]mcw hnI-kn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. ae-bm-f-Ønse {][m\ Nm\-ep-I-fnse CXns‚Ct∏m-gsØ ]c-ky-hm-NIw ""hymP-cn¬h©n-X-cm-ImsX te_¬ t\m°nhmßn IpSpw-_-Ønse Btcm-Kyhpwkt¥m-jhpw h¿≤n-∏n-°m-\m-Wv''. (km-º-ØnI ]n≥_-e-Øn¬) DSa \ntcm-[-\-Øn\v XXvImew tà hmßn-sb-∂mWv Adn-hv. "tÃ' In´n-sb-¶nepw""bmYm¿∞yw'' amdp-∂n-√. sshZy Kth-j-W-Øn¬ bmsXmcp tbmKy-X-bp-an-√mØ k∂≤ kwL-S-\-sb-s°m≠v

""FbvUvkv tcmKn-I-fn¬ ¢n\n-°¬{Sb¬ \SØn Muslipower Ah-cpsSCD4-Count Iq´p-sa∂v ({]Xn-tcm[ tImi-߃) hymP dnt∏m¿´v D≠m°nFbvUvkv tcmKn-I-fn¬ acp-∂ns‚ hn]-W\w \S-Øm\pw CXns‚ \n¿am-Xm-°ƒ {iaw \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. Desi-Viagrabpw CXp-t]m-se-bp≈ as‰mcp DXv]-∂-am-Wv.''

* Institute of Indian therapy bpsSBbq sIb¿ F∂ ÿm]\w Xriq¿A∂-a\Sbn-ep≈ tIcf Bbp¿thZ{UKv I¨t{Sm-f-dpsS t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ 2011G{]n-en¬ sdbvUv \S-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn.{In°‰v Xmcw ""{ioim¥v'' tamU-em-bn-´p≈ ""Bbp¿In-gn- -In‰v'' F∂ DXv]∂w\nba hncp-≤-am-bn- mWv \n¿an-°p-∂Xpw]ckyw \¬Ip-∂Xpw F∂-XmWvhmkvX-hw. ""Bbp¿Ingn˛In‰v''s‚Huj[ KpWw sXfn-bn-°-s∏-SmØXn-\m¬ CXp-hsc ssek≥kv \¬In-bn-´n-√. AXn-\m¬ CXns‚ ]ckywXs∂ Kpcp-X-c-amb \nb-a-ew-L-\-am-bn-´mWv IW-°m-t°-≠-Xv. CXns‚ DS-a-Iƒ A[n-Ir-X¿ \¬Inb t\m´o-kp-Iƒs°m∂pw adp-]Sn \¬Ip-∂n√F∂mWv "Bbp¿thZ {UKv I¨t{Sm-f¿' \¬Ip∂ hnh-cw.

Bbp-˛-sI-b¿ Xs∂ kv{XoIƒ-°mbn s^an sIbdpw ]pcp -j -∑m¿°mbn hmPn sIbdpw hn]-W\wsNøp-∂p-≠v. Iº-\n-bpsS sh_vssk-‰n¬ CXn-e-S-ßnb tNcp-h-I-fpsS Hcphnh-chpw \¬Ip-∂n-√.

* icocw saen-bm-\pw, IqSp-X-ep≈sImgp-∏p-Isf If-bm-\p-ambn At\Iw

Ip∂Øv ^m¿a-kyq- n-°¬kv \n¿an®v temI-Øm-I-am\w hym]mcwsNø-p∂ “MuslipowerXtra” F∂ acp∂v \nb-a-ew-L\w \SØn sX‰mbhnhcw te_-en¬ \¬In-sb-∂-Xn-s‚-bpw,ssewKnI DtØ-P-\-Øn-\p≈ Ignhv sXfn-bn-°-s∏-´n-´n-s√-∂p-ap≈hkvXp-X-I-fpsS t]cn¬2011 G{]n¬ amk-amZywA[n-Ir-X¿ acp-∂ns‚DXv]m-Z-\-hpw, hym]m-chpw tIc-f-Øn¬ \ntcm-[n-®n-cp-∂p

18 BKÃv 2011

ssXe-߃ te]-\-Øn-\mbn hn]-W\w sNø-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v.

C°q- -Øn¬s∏´ ""eh-W-ssXew''F∂ DXv]-∂-Øn¬ ‘Rocksalt’ (C-¥p-∏v) BWv {][m-\-L-S-Iw. ico-c-Øn¬A[nIw sImgp-∏p≈ mKØv ]pc- n-b-Xn-\p-tijw XS-hpI; 15 an\p- p-Iƒ°p-tijw NqSp sh≈-ap-]-tbm-Kn®v Igp-In-°-f-bp-I-tbm, NqSv ]nSn-°p-ItbmsNøp-I-bmWv CXns‚ D]-tbmK {Ia-ambn \n¿t±-in-®n- p-≈-Xv. CXv D]-tbm-Kn-®-Xp-aqew B `mKw "Icp-hm-fn-®-Xmbpw' "s]m≈n-b-Xmbpw'˛ ""Ioi Imen-bm-b-X-√msX icocw saen-™n√''F∂p-ap≈ ]cm-Xn -Iƒ C‚¿s\-‰n¬\n∂v e`y-am-Wv. CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ssXe-ß-sf-°p-dn®v tUm. ]p\-Øn¬Ip™-_vZp-≈-bpsS teJ\w {]apJamkn-I-bn¬ {]kn-≤o-I-cn®v h∂-Xn-\p-tijw I®-hSw Imcy-ambn Ipd-™-Xmbn \n¿am-Xm-°ƒ ]cm-Xn-s∏- n-cp-∂p.icn-bmb hkvXp-X-Isf adn-I-S-°m≥CXns‚ \n¿am-Xm-°ƒ A®Sn am[y-a-ß-fn¬ hymP sXfn-hp-Ifpw C‚¿s\-‰n¬ hymP km£n-]-{X-ßfpw \nc-Øp-I-bm-Wv.

* tPmbn‚ v {^o˛-k-‘n-th-Z-\-Iƒ°v, Vigour a…n˛ssew-KnI DtØ-P-\w, Diamanara-{]ta-lw, XpS-ßnbHuj-[-߃ Kth-j-W-Øn-eqsSIs≠Øn \n¿an®p \¬Ip∂ a\mdm

_tbm ^m¿a (Manara Bio Pharma) -bnse Kth-j-I -cpsS tbmKyXBbp¿th-Z-Ønse {Xnh-’c Untπm-a-bpw, k¿°m¿ Bbp¿thZ k¿ho-knse {]h¿Ø\ ]cn-N-b-hp-am-Wv.Iº\n-bpsS sh_vssk-‰n¬ DXv]-∂-ß-fnse Huj-[-L-S-I-ß-sf-°p-dn-t®m,\S-Ønb Kth-j-W-ß-sf-°p-dnt®mhnh-c-ß-fn-√. acp∂v Ign®v tcmKw t`Z-amb Ipd-®p-t]-cpsS hnh-c-߃ am{X-am-Wv- -K-th-jWw \SØn ]pXnb Huj-[-߃ I≠p-]n-Sn®v \n¿an-°m-\p≈ssek≥kn-\p≈ tbmKy-X-bmbn Cu"km£y-]-{X-߃' (hym-P-am-Imw) temI-sØm-cn-SØpw AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏- n- n-√.

*tbm≤m (Yodha) F∂ ]pcp-j-∑m-cnse ssewKnI i‡n-h¿≤n-∏n-°m-\p≈ Huj-[-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ {]apJ{]kn-≤o-I-c-W-ß-fn¬ Iptd-\m-fp-I-fmbn ]c-ky-߃ h∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°-pIbm-Wv. iXm-h-cn, hb¬Np-≈n, sRcn-™n¬, \mbv°p-cp-∂v, \ne-∏-\, Aap-°pcw F∂o Bbp¿thZ Huj-[-ß-fpsS tNcph 600 h¿jw-apºv I≠p-]n-Sn-°-s∏-´-Xm-sW∂pw ]pXnb Kth-j-W-ß-fpsS e-ambn Ah-bpsS IqsSapcn-ß, Xm∂n, F≈v, Dgp∂v F∂nhtN¿°-s∏-´p-sh∂pw CXn¬ apcn-ß-bnse Tirosine, Glicine F∂o t]mj-I-ßfpw kab ssZ¿LysØ h¿[n-∏n-°m≥ ]pcp-j\v i‡n-\¬Ip-∂-Xmbpw

Ch¿ Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. (b-Ym¿∞-Øn¬˛ Tirosine F∂Xv Tyrosine bpwGlicine F∂Xv Glycine \pw F∂Aant\m Bkn-Up-Ifpw (A-ant\m Aæ-ß-fp-am-Wv). amwky-a-S-ßnb (t{]m- o≥)`£-W-Øn¬\n∂v Ch ico-c-Øn\ve`n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Cs√-¶n¬ ico-c-Øn¬Xs∂ Ah \n¿an-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv (Synthesis). Ch-I-fpsS ssewKnIDtØ-P\ i‡n imkv{Xo-b-ambn Fhn-tSbpw sXfn-bn-°-s∏- n- n-√. Htc-k-abw""tbm≤m'' ]pcp-j-∑m-cn¬ kvJe-\-Øns‚ kabw Iq´p-Ibpw kv{XoI-fn¬"cXn-aq¿®-bpsS' kabw Ipd-bv°p-IbpwsNøp-sa-∂mWv ]c-ky-hm-N-Iw. Htcacp∂v Fß-s\-bmWv a\p-jy-cn¬(Homo Sapiens) kv{XoI-fn-epw-˛-]p-cp-j-∑m-cnepw hncp-≤-ambn {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv?

*{]apJ Bbp¿thZ Huj[ \n¿am-Xm-°-fmb ""\mKm¿Pp\ {Kq∏v'' Rc-ºp-Isf DtØ-Pn-∏n-°p∂ (Nerve Stimula-tion) Huj-[-L-S-I-ß-fpsS tNcp-h-bn¬Beman Capsule Iƒ ]ckyw sNbvXvhn]-W\w sNøp-∂p-≠v.

\ne-hn¬ tIc-f-Øn¬ hn]-W\wsNøp∂ ""imkv{Xob'' ASn-ÿm-\-an-√mØXns‚ t]cn¬ {UKv C≥kvs]-IvS¿am¿ ]nSn-Iq-Snb acp-∂p-I-fn¬Nneh (tIkv Nm¿Pv sNbvX-h)

*Ip∏n°v 200 cq]-bn-e-[nIw hne-bp≈ Vm_¿ C¥y-bpsS t]cn-ep≈{iotKm]m¬ ssXew (Sree GopalTailam).

*t^m¿´v sl¿_¬-˛-]m-e-°mSv\n¿an-°p∂ ss{]am^n‰v (Primafit)Iym]vkq-fp-Iƒ.

*thZn°v ^m¿a sIm®n \n¿an-°p∂˛sl¿t_m kq{X (Herbo Suthra).

*et_m-td‰v m¿a-kyq-´n-°¬kv-˛-]m\n]Øns‚ t]cn -ep≈ ImatKmƒUv Iym]vkq-fp-Iƒ.- (Kama Gold) -F√mw ssewKnI DtØ-P\ acp-∂p-I-fm-bmWv hn]-W\w sNøp-∂-Xv.

a\p-jys‚ ssewKn-I-X-bpw, kuμ-cy-

h¿≤-\-hn-\p-ap≈ B{K-l-߃ NqjWwsNbvXv kmº-ØnI em`w D≠m-°pIam{X-amWv CØcw \n¿am-Xm-°-fpsSe£yw˛C-Øcw imkv{Xo-bm-Sn-ÿm-\-an-√mØ ]c-ky-߃ \ntcm-[n-°m-\pw,k¿°m-cp-Iƒ kΩ¿±w sNep-Øm\pw Xnc-kvI-cn-°m≥ ]{X- -Nm-\¬ DS-a-Isf t{]cn-∏n-°m-\pw, he-bn¬ IpSp-ßm-Xn-cn-°m≥s]mXp-P-\-ßsf t_m[-h-XvI-cn-°m\pwBtcmKy {]h¿Ø-I¿ {iaw \S-tØ-≠-Xp-≠v. Cs√-¶n¬ aZy-tØm-sSm∏w ""Iman-emcn'' Ign®v Icƒ kpc-£n-X-am-sW∂hymtP\ tIc-fo-b-cpsS Btcm-Ky-hpw,kºm-Zyhpw A]-IS \ne-bn-se-Ømw.

imkv{X-KXn 19

P\m-[n-]Xy kwhn-[m\w hym]-I-ambn \ne-hn-ep≈ h¿Ø-am-\-Ime kaq-l-Øn¬ kmaqly ]cn-h¿Ø-\-Øn-\p≈ {]{In-b-bn¬ _lp-P\ am[y-a-ß-fpsS ]¶v hfsc \n¿Wm-b-I-am-Wv.P\-ß-fpsS Nn¥m-K-Xn-sbbpw kao]\-sØbpw ImgvN-∏m-Sn-s\bpw Hs°hfsc Bg-Øn¬ kzm[o-\n®v HmtcmtcmImenI {]iv\sØ-°p-dn®pw s]mXp-P-\m-`n -{]mbw kzcq -]n -°p∂ apJyGP≥kn am[y-a-ß-fm-Wv. Hcp {]Xyb-imkvt{Xm-]m[n F∂ \ne-bn¬ am[y-a -߃ \S-Øn-s°m-≠n -cn -°p∂{]h¿Ø-\sØ Hcp-Xcw t_m[-a-WvU-e-bp≤w (Psychological Warfare) Bbn-´mWv km[m-c-W-bmbn hnti-jn-∏n-°m-dp-≈-Xv. P\m-[n-]Xy kwhn-[m-\-Øn¬

]c-kyw, -{]-tem- -\w

-k-Zm-Nmcw

Ih¿tÃmdnB¿. cm[m-Ir-jvW≥

\memw XqWmbn ]cn-K-Wn-°-s∏-Sp∂am[y-a-߃ a‰p aq∂p XqWp-I-fmb\nba \n¿am-W-k`, Imcy \n¿h-l-W-k-an-Xn, \oXn-\ym-b-hn- mKw F∂n-h-bpsSImh-em-fmbn \n¬°p∂p F∂mWpk¶-ev]w. hm¿Ø-I-fn-eq-sSbpw hm¿Øm-hn-i-I-e-\-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw FUn-t‰m-dn-b-ep-I-fn-eq-sSbpw Hs° ]pXnb Nn¥-IƒDW¿Øn-s°m-≠mWv A`n-{]mb cq]o-I-c-W-Øn\p hgn hbv°p-∂-Xv. CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ hfsc aqey-h-Ømb {]I-S\wImgvN-h-bvt°≠ am[y-a-߃ kZm-NmcwapdpsI ]nSn-t°-≠Xpw Ahiyw Bh-iy-am-W-s√m.

F∂m-en∂v am[ya {]h¿Ø-\-Ønse kZm-Nm-c-sØbpw [m¿an-I-X-sb-bp-sams° A]-I-S-I-camw hn[w ]cky

ZmXm-°ƒ kzm[o-\n-°p-∂p-s≠∂hna¿i\w hym]-I-ambn Db¿∂p-h-∂n-cn-°p-∂p. Gh¿°pw Adn-bm-hp-∂-Xp-t]mse am[y-a-ßsf kw_-‘n®v ]c-ky-sa∂Xv Hgn-hm-°m-\m-ImØ Xn∑(Inevitable evil) BWv. am[ya {]h¿Ø-\-Øn-\m-h-iy-amb hºn® kmº-Øn-I-s®-e-hns‚ apJy t{kmXkv ]c-ky-am-Wv. DXv]m-Z-\-s®-e-hn-s\-°mƒ Ipd™hnebv°v hn¬°-s∏-Sp∂ GI DXv]∂wHcp ]t£ ]{Xw am{X-am-bn-cn-°mw.aq∂p cq]bv°p hn¬°p∂ Hcp ]{X-Øns‚ bYm¿∞ DXv]m-Z-\-s®-ehv ]Xn-\-t©m, Ccp-]tXm cq] hcpw. CXvkm[y-am-Ip-∂Xv ]ckyw {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠p-am-{X-am-Wv. Zriy-am-[y-a-ß-fnepw t{]£-I¿°v hm¿Ø-Ifpw

imkv{X-KXn 19

P\m-[n-]Xy kwhn-[m-\-Øn¬ \memw XqWmbn ]cn-K-Wn-°-s∏-Sp∂ am[y-a-߃a‰p aq∂p XqWp-I-fmb \nba \n¿am-W-k`, Imcy \n¿h-l-W-k-an-Xn, \oXn-\ym-b-hn- mKw F∂n-h-bpsS Imh-em-fmbn \n¬°p∂p F∂mWp k¶-ev]w. hm¿Ø-I-fn-eq-sSbpw hm¿Øm-hn-i-I-e-\-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw FUn-t‰m-dn-b-ep-I-fn-eq-sSbpwHs° ]pXnb Nn¥-Iƒ DW¿Øn-s°m-≠mWv A`n-{]mb cq]o-I-c-W-Øn\p hgnhbv°p-∂-Xv. CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ hfsc aqey-h-Ømb {]I-S\w ImgvN-h-bvt°≠am[y-a-߃ kZm-Nmcw apdpsI ]nSn-t°-≠Xpw Ahiyw Bh-iy-am-W-s√m.

20 BKÃv 2011

a‰p hn -h-ß-fp-sa√mw kuP-\y-ambne`n-°p-∂Xpw ]ckyw D≈-Xp-sIm≠pXs∂-bm-Wv. Cu kmº-Øn-Im-Sn-ÿm-\-Øns‚ {]m[m\yw icn°pw a\- n-em-°n-s°m-≠p-X-s∂-bmWv ]cky ZmXm-°ƒ am[y-a-ß-fpsS ta¬ Xß-fpsSA[o-iXzw ASn-t®¬∏n-°m≥ {ian®psIm≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xpw. am[y-a-ß-fpsS \b-]-cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kao-]-\hpw Xß-fpsSXmXv]-cy-Øn-\-\p-Kp-W-am°n am‰n FSp-°m-\p≈ kΩ¿±-amWv apJy-ambn Ah¿\S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

Cu {iaw Hcp hiØp \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ Xs∂, ]c-ky-ß-fpsS{]kn-≤o-I-cWw \S-Øp-tºmƒ [m¿an-I-Xbpw kZm-Nm-chpw ImØp-kq-£n-°p-hm≥ am[y-a-߃ _m[y-ÿ-cm-Wv.bYm¿∞-Øn¬ ]{X-ß-fn¬ ]ckyw{]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ ]{Xm-[n-]-cpsS]¶v hfsc ]cn-an-X-am-sW-¶nepw ]c-ky-ß-fn¬ D≠m-Ip∂ \nb-a-ew-L-\-߃°p≈ DØ-c-hm-ZnØw ]{Xm-[n-]¿°m-Wv. AXm-bXv ]cky ZmXmhv\¬Ip∂ GXp ]c-kyhpw {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°m≥ am[y-a-߃ Xbm-dm-tI-≠-Xn√F∂¿∞w. ]cky {]kn-≤o-I-cWwA`n-{]mb {]I-S-\-Øns‚ \n¿h-N-\-Øn¬ s]Sp-sa-¶nepw AXv -]WwsImSpØp sNøp-∂Xpw hym]m-tcm-t±iytØm-Sp-IqSn sNøp-∂Xpw BIp-tºmƒ A`n-{]mb {]I-S\ kzmX-{¥y-Øns‚ ]cn-[n-bn¬ hcp-∂n√ F∂vkp{]ow-tIm-SXn Hcp hn[n-\ym-b-Øn-eqsS

hy‡-am-°n-bn- p-≠v. s]mXp XmXv]-cy-ap≈ Adn-hns‚ t\Sepw \¬I-ep-amWvA n-{]mb kzmX-{¥y-Øns‚ ]cn-[n-bn¬s]Sp-I-sb∂pw tImSXn hy‡-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Cusbmcp ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬,C¥y-bn¬ samØ-Øn¬ am[ya{]h¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS [m¿an-IX ImØp-kq-£n-°p-hm≥ {]kv Iu¨kn¬ Hm vC≥Uysb Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse ]c-ky-ßsf kw_-‘n®v[m¿an-IX ImØp kq£n-°m≥ Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv ""AUz¿ssS-knwKv Ãm≥tU¿Uv Iu¨kn¬ Hm vC≥Uy'' (Advertising Standards Councilof India-ASCI) sb BWv. A[m¿an-IhpwkZm-Nm-c-hn-cp-≤-hp-amb ]c-ky-߃s°-Xnsc \S-]-Sn-sb-Sp-°m≥ Cu kwL-S-\bv°v A[n-Im-chpw \¬In-bn- p-≠v.1985-˛¬ AXns‚ t_m¿Uv Hm^vKh¿tÆ¿kv tbmKw tN¿∂v ]c-ky-߃ kw_-‘n® Hcp s]cp-am‰kwlnX AwKo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw ]n∂oSp]e-h- -ß-fn-embn Ahbv°p t`Z-K-Xn-Iƒ hcp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p-≠v.DXv]∂ ]cky-ß-fpsS KpW-\n-e-hmcw]cn-]m-en-°p-I-bmWv s]cp-am‰ kwln-X-bpsS Dt±-iy-sa∂v Iu¨kn¬ hy‡-am-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn- p-≠v. am\y-X-bp-sSbpw s]mXp-k-Zm-Nm-c-Øn-s‚bpw ]cn-[n-°-IØv ]c-ky-ßsf \n¿tØ-≠-Xns‚ Bh-iy-IX FSpØp ]d-™n- p-≠v. G‰hpw ]c-a-amb e£yw kmaq-ly-\-∑-bm-bn-cn-°Ww F∂Xpw Hm¿an-

∏n-°p-∂p. ASCI apt∂m´ph®n- p≈ s]cp-am‰ kwln-X-bnse Nne {][m\ hyh-ÿ-Iƒ Xmsg-∏-d-bp-∂-h-bm-Wv.

]ckyw kXy-am-bn-cn-°-Ww. Ah-bn-eqsS D∂-bn-°p∂ Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-ßfpwhnh-c-W-ßfpw Xmc-X-ay-ß-fp-sa√mwhkvXp-Xm-]-c-ambn hne-bn-cp-Ø-s∏-Sm-hp-∂-Xm-sW-¶n¬ Aßs\ sNøm≥ ]cym-]vX-am-bn-cn-°-Ww. Iu¨kn¬ Bh-iy-s∏- m¬ CXn\v sXfnhp lmP-cm-°p-hm≥]c-ky-ÿm-]-\-߃ _m[y-ÿ-cm-Wv.Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-߃ kzX-{¥-amb ]T-\-Øn-s‚-tbm, Kth-j-W-Øn-s‚-tbm,-A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-em -sW-¶n¬ AXns‚]q¿Whnh-c-߃ ]c-ky-Øn¬ \¬tI-≠-Xm-Wv. hy‡n-I-sftbm, ÿm]-\-ß-sf-tbm- Ip-dn®v Ah-cpsS kΩ-X-an-√msX]cm-a¿in-°m≥ ]mSn-√. hkvXp-X-Iƒ`mKn-I-ambn \¬Intbm hf-s®m-Snt®mD]-t`m-‡m-hns\ sX‰n-≤-cn-∏n-°m≥]mSn-√. DXv]∂w hmßnb D]-t`m-‡m-hn¬ ISpØ ss\cmiyw D≠m-Ip∂Xe-Øn¬ Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-߃ AXn-i-tbm-‡n-bm-h-cp-Xv. am\y-Xbpw HuNn-Xyhpw kw_-‘n® s]mXp k¶-ev]-\-߃°v \nc-°mØ ]c-ky-߃ am[y-a-߃ kzoI-cn-®p-Iq-S.

CtXm-sSm-∏w-Xs∂ ]c-ky-ß-fnse[m¿an-I-Xsb kwc-£n-°p-∂-Xn\v D]-bp-‡-amb Nne \nb-a-߃ C≥Uy-bn¬ \ne-hn-ep-≠v. tImS-Xn-b-e£y\nb-aw, \nb-a-k`m Ae-£y-\nbaw,A]-Io¿Øn \nbaw XpS-ßnb \nb-a-ß-sf√mw hm¿Øm {]kn-≤o-I-c-W-Øn\pw a‰pw _m[-I-am-Ip-∂-Xp-t]mse]c-ky-߃°pw s]mXp-hn¬ _m[-I-am-Wv. Ah IqSm-sX-bmWv ]c-ky-߃°p-am-{X-ambn _m[-I-am-Ip∂ Nne{]tXyI \nb-a-ßfpw cq]-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≈-Xv. A°q- -Øn¬ hfsc {][m-\-s∏´ Hcp \nb-a-amWv ""{UKvkv B‚ vamPnIv sda-Uokv (H-_vPIvj\_nƒAUz¿ssS-kvsa‚ vkv) BIvSv 1954''(Drugs and Magic Remedies (Objection-able Advertisements) Act 1954] C≥Uy-bn¬ 1955 G{]n¬ H∂p apX¬ Cu\nbaw {]m_-ey-Øn-ep-≠v. F¥mWvCu \nb-a-Øns‚ D≈-S°w F∂pt\m°mw.

Nne {]tXy-I-Xcw Huj-[-ß-fpsS]c-kysØ \nb-{¥n-°p-∂-Xn\pw Nne{]tXyI Imcy-߃°v am{¥n-I-kn-≤n-bp≈ ]cn-lm-c-am¿K-߃ Ds≠∂-hIm-i-s∏-Sp∂ ]c-ky-ßsf XS-bp-∂-Xn\pwAh-bp-ambn _‘-s∏- p-h-cp∂ Imcy-ßsf ssIImcyw sNøp-∂-Xn\pwth≠n-bp≈ Hcp \nbaw F∂mWvAXns‚ Bap-J-Øn¬ {]kvXm-hn-®n- p-≈-Xv.

imkv{X-KXn 21

\nb-a -Øn¬ Huj[w (Drug) ,am{¥nI kn≤n-bp≈ ]cn-lm-c-am¿Kw(Magic Remedy) F∂o ]Z-ß-fpsS \n¿h-N-\-ßfpw \¬In-bn- p-≠v.

""Huj[w'' F∂-Xn¬ Xmsg kqNn-∏n-®n-cn-°p∂sX√mw Dƒs∏-Spw.

(1) a\p-jy¿t°m arK-߃t°mD≈n¬ Ign-°mt\m _mly D]-tbm-K-Ønt\m D≈ acp-∂v.

(2) a\p-jy-cntem arK-ß-fntem D≈tcmKsØ \n¿W-bn-°m-t\m, t`Z-am-°m-t\m, Ipd-bv°m-t\m, NnIn-’n-°mt\mAYhm XS-bmt\m th≠n Dt±-in-°-s∏-´n- p≈ GXp ]Zm¿∞-hpw.

(3) a\p-jy-cp-sStbm arK-ß-fp-sStbmico-c-Øns‚ LS-\-sbtbm ssPh-{]-h¿Ø-\-sØtbm GsX-¶nepw Xc-Øn¬ kzm[o-\n-°mt\m AYhm _m[n-°mt\m th≠n D]-tbm-Kn -°p∂Blmc km[-\-a-√mØ GXp km[-\hpw

(4) ta¬ kqNn-∏n® GXp acp-∂n-s‚bpw km[-\-Øn-s‚bpw ]Zm¿∞-Øns‚ LS-I-ambn p]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ Dt±-in-®n- p≈ GXp km[-\-hpw.

CtXm-sSm-∏w-Xs∂ am{¥n-I-kn-≤n-bp≈ ]cn-lm-c-am¿Kw (Magic Remedy)F∂-Xns\ C{]-Imcw \n¿h-Nn-®n- p-≠v.

a\p-jy-cp-sS-tbm, arK-ß-fp-sStbmico-c-Øns‚ LS-\-sb-tbm, ssPh-{]-h¿Ø-\-sØtbm GsX-¶nepw Xc-Øn¬ kzm[o-\n-°m\pw AYhm _m[n-°m\pw Ign-hp-≈-tXm, a\p-jy-cp-sStbmarK-ß-fp-sStbm ico-c-Øn-ep≈ GsX-¶nepw tcmKw \n¿W-bn-°mt\m t`Z-s∏-Sp-Ømt\m Ipd-bv°mt\m AYhm NnIn-’n-°mt\m Ign-bp-∂tXm Bb A`u-a-i-‡n-bp-s≠-∂-h-Im-i-s∏-Sp∂ c£-tbm, a{¥-®-c-tSm, Ih-Ntam AXp-t]m-ep≈ GsXm-∂pw, AXv GXp cq]-Øn-ep≈Xmbm-epw, ""am{¥nI kn≤n-bp≈]cn-lmcam¿Kw'' F∂-Xn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv.

Cu \nb-a-Øns‚ sk£≥ (3)A\p-k-cn®v K¿ -[m-c-Ww, ssewKn-I-tijn h¿≤-\, ssewKnI tcmK-Nn-In’XpS-ßnb Imcy-߃°v am{¥n-I-kn-≤n-bp≈ ]cn-lm-c-am¿K-߃ \n¿t±-in-®p-sIm-≠p≈ ]c-ky-߃ {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xns\ XS-™n-cn-°p-∂p. Nc-Sp-Iƒ, a{¥-tam-Xn-cw, Ih-Nw, A¤pX]cn-lm-cw, am{¥nI Ge- p-Ifpw ZnhyhkvXp-°fpw F√mw Cu ]cn-lm-c-am¿K-ß-fn¬ Dƒs∏-Spw.

\nb-a-Øns‚ sk£≥ (4) A\p-k-cn®v Hcp Huj-[-Øns‚ bYm¿∞ÿnXnsb kw_-‘n®v {]Xy-£-amtbm]tcm-£-amtbm sX‰n-≤m-cW ]c-Øp-∂-tXm, Huj-[-sØ-∏‰n Ak-Xy-amb

Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-߃ D∂-bn-°p-∂-tXm,at‰-sX-¶nepw Xc-Øn¬ Ak-Xyhpwhgn sX‰n-°p-∂tXm Bb ]ckywI¿i-\-ambn \ntcm-[n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

GsX-¶nepw Imcy-߃°v am{¥n-I-kn-≤n-bp≈ ]cn-lm-c-am¿§-߃ \n¿t±-in-®p-sIm-≠p≈ F√m ]c-ky-ßfpw\ntcm-[n-°p-∂-Xmbn sk£≥ 5 epw]d-™n- p-≠v.

CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ Hcp ]c-kyhpwC≥Uy-bv°-I-Øp-\n∂p ]pd-tØbv°pIb-‰p-aXn \S-Øp-Itbm ]pd-Øp-\n∂pwC≥Uy-bv°-I-tØbv°v Cd-°p-aXnsNøp-Itbm sNøp-∂-Xn-s\bpw \nbawI¿i-\-ambn \ntcm-[n-®n- p-≠v.

Cu \nb-asØ ewLn®p {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h¿°v XShpw ]ngbpw \¬Im-\p≈ in£m-hn-[nbpw \nb-a-Øn¬ ]d-™n- p-≠v.

Npcp-°-Øn¬ P\-ßsf sX‰n-≤-cn-∏n-°p-∂, imkv{X-t_m-[-Øn-\-\p-kr-X-a-√m-Ø, bp‡nbv°p \nc-°m-Ø, ZnhyHuj-[-ß-fp-sSbpw am{¥nI ]cn-lm-c-Øn-s‚bpw ]c-ky-߃ am[y-a-ß-fn¬\n∂pw XpS-®p-\o-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈Kuc-h-X-c-amb Hcn-S-s]-S-en-\mWv Cu\nbaw hgn Xpd-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ \nbaw\ne-hn¬h∂v A≥]-Ø©p h¿jw Ign-™n´pw Cu \nb-a-Øns‚ A¥x-k-Øsb ]msS Ah-K-Wn-®p-sIm≠v\ΩpsS h≥ {]Nm-c-ap≈ ae-bmf ]{X-ß-fn¬ \ntXy-\-sb-t∂mWw CØcw]c-ky-߃ h∂p-sIm-t≠-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

Ct∏mgpw ae-bm-f- Zn\∏{X-ß-fn¬h∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ CØcw ]c-ky-ß-fpsS Nne DZm-l-c-W-߃ XmsgsImSp-°p-∂p.

1. F¥mWv \nß-fpsS {]iv\w

Rm≥ \nßsf klm-bn-°mw.

2. hnjvWp-amb NmØ≥ kzman-bpsS A\p-{Klw.

3. i{Xp-hn-s‚bpw an{X-Øn-s‚bpwt]cp ]d-bp∂ tkhm kn≤n.

4. temI-Øn¬ \w.1 450 cq]bv°vP∏m\n enwK-h¿≤I b{¥w.

5. Ima-tZ-hm-I¿jW Ge- v.

6. [\ BI¿jW ss`c-h-b{¥w.

7. hen∏ h¿≤-\-bv°p≈ D]-I-c-Ww.

8. 60- ¬ bphXzw!!! F\¿Pn-Iv- 31.

CXn¬ Hmtcm ]c-kyhpw hni-Z-ambn]cn-tim-[n-®m¬ Ah Hmtcm∂pw {UKvkvB‚ v amPnIv sda-Uokv (H-_vP-£-\-_nƒ AssUz¿ssS -kvsa‚ vkv)BIvSns‚ \·-amb ewL-\-am-sW∂pImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Cu ]c-ky-߃{]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-cn-°p∂ ]{X-ß-sf-√mw-Xs∂ tIc-f-Ønse hfsc {]Nm-c-ap≈ae-bmf ]{X-ß-fmWpXm\pw. km£-c-X-bn¬ G‰hpw ap≥]-¥n -bn¬\n¬°p∂ Hcp kwÿm-\-Øn-\-I-ØmWv P\-ßsf hnUvVn-I-fm-°p∂CØcw ]c-ky-߃ {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂-sX∂ Imcyhpw Hm¿t°-≠-Xp-≠v.CXn¬ At\Iw P\-߃ h©n-X-cm-bn-°m-Wmw. CØcw ]c-ky-߃hm¿jnI Icm-dn-s‚tbm at‰m ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ \¬Ip-∂-Xm-b-Xp-sIm≠v an°-hmdpw F√m Znh-k-ß-fnepw Ch ]{X-ß-fn¬ {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. ASCICØcw ]cky {]kn-≤o-I-c-W-Øn-s\-Xnsc Fs¥-¶nepw \S-]Sn kzoI-cn-®-Xmbn Adn-™n- n-√. CØcw ]cky{]kn-≤o-I-c-W-߃s°-Xnsc i‡-ambkmaq-lym-h-t_m[w krjvSn-t°-≠XvAXym-h-iy-am-Wv.

22 BKÃv 2011

Ih¿tÃmdntUm. B¿. Pb-{]-Imiv

Hcp tcmKn tUmŒsd kao]n®p-sh-∂ncn°s´.tcmKnsb ]cntim[n®v tUmŒ¿ tcmKw Is≠Øp∂p.XpS¿∂v tcmKia\Øn\v Bhiyamb acp∂v Ipdn®vtcmKn°v \¬Ip∂p... kmam\y-amb tcmKNnIn’ChnsS Ahkm-\n°p∂p. F∂m¬ \nch[n tNmZy-߃ ChnsS Db¿∂phcp∂p≠v. tIh-eambimcocnI ]cntim[-\-bneqsS am{Xw tcmKnsb-°pdn®pw tcmKØn-\m[mcamb Np‰p]mSpIsf-°pdn®pw hkvXpXm]camb \nKa\Øn-seØp-∂Xn\v Ignbptam? acp∂v FgpØn-eqsS am{XwtcmKNnIn’ hnPbI-c-ambn Ahkm\n°ptam?AXv tcmKn-°v kzoImcyamIptam? Abmƒ°vkvYmbnbmb tcmKia\ap≠mIptam? tcmKw ho≠pwBh¿Øn°s∏Sptam? Cu kao]\w s]mXphn¬B[p\nI sshZyimkv{Xw Zm¿i\nIambn hn`mh\wsNbvXn´p≈ sshZyimkv{X k¶ev]hpambn HØp-t]m-Ip∂Xm-tWm?... F∂nßs\ \ofp∂p tNmZy-߃. km[mcW kmlNcyØn¬ CØcw tNmZy-߃ Db¿∂phcmdn√. F∂m¬ hkvXp\n-jvTambhniIe\-Øn¬ Hgnhm°phm≥ Ignbm-ØXmWvCØcw tNmZy߃. Ah Db¿Øp-∂Xv \yq\]-£tam qcn]£tam F∂Xv ChnsS {]iv\a√.

hnjbw H∂pIqSn hniIe\w sNømw. tcmKnHcp {]iv\hpambn´mWv (tcmKw) tUmŒsd kao]n-®ncn°p∂Xv. tcmKntbmsSm∏w AbmfpsS hkvXp-\njvT-kmlNcyhpw Np‰p]mSpw IqSn hniIe\wsNbvXpsIm≠v am{Xta {]iv\]cnlmcØn\p≈(tcmKNn -In’) am¿K߃ Bcmbp∂Xn\vIgnbpIbp≈p. XpS¿∂v Xs‚ ap∂n-encn°p∂tcmKnbptSXpam{Xamb hkvXp\njvTkmlNcyØn\v{]tXyI-ambn Ahew_n°phm≥ /Xmßphm≥Ignbp∂ Hcp am¿Kw (tcmKNnIn’) Xncs™SpØvAbmƒ°v \¬IWw. Cßs\ \¬Ip∂ {]tXyI

tcmKNnIn’:

imkv{Xob{]{Inbtbm

Dƒhnfntbm?sshZy taJebn¬ kXyk‘-cmbhnπhImcnIƒ Ipd™v t]mIp-∂sX¥psIm≠v?

tcmKNnIn’:

imkv{Xob{]{Inbtbm

Dƒhnfntbm?

imkv{X-KXn 23

]cnlmc-am¿Kw tcmKn°v kzoImcyamI-W-sa¶n¬ AYhm e{]ZamIW-sa-¶n¬ AbmfpsS At∏mgsØ am\kn-Im-hkvYbpw A\pIqeam-tI≠Xp≠v.IepjnXamb a\kv {]iv\sØ IqSp-X¬ k¶o¿Wam°pIbpw Ah-kvYsbt\cnSp∂Xn\p≈ AbmfpsS tijnsbkzm[o\n°pIbpw sNøp∂-XmWv.

{]iv\Øns‚ (tcmKw) a‰p Nnehi߃ IqSn ]cntim[n°mw. tcmKn-°v tUmŒ¿ FgpXnb acp∂v hmßp-hm≥ Ign™ns√¶ntem? AXn\p≈ss]k Abmƒ°v ssIhians√-¶n-tem? NnIn’ ho≠pw ]cmPbs∏-Sp∂-XmWv. At∏mƒ G‰hpw anI® acp∂vFgpXnbXpsIm≠v am{Xw NnIn’hnPbn°Wsa∂n√. AtXt]mseanI® acp∂v FgpXp∂Xn\v Ign™-Xp-sIm≠v am{Xw Hcmƒ°v \√ tUmŒ¿BIp∂Xn\v IgnbpIbn√. adn®v \√-acp∂pIfn¬ \n∂v Xs‚ ap∂nen-cn°p∂ tcmKn°v Xmßphm≥ Ig-n-bp∂ hnebp≈ H∂ns\ Xncs™-SpØv \¬Ip∂XnemWv tUmŒdpsS{]tXyIamb Ignhv Ccn°p∂Xv.F¶n¬ am{Xta NnIn’ A¥naambn^e{]ZamhpIbp≈psh∂v ImWpI.

Npcp°Øn¬ Hmtcm tcmKnbp-tSbpwimcocnIhpw am\knIhpw kmaqln-Ihpamb AhkvYbpw hyXy-kvXXIfpwIqSn IW°n-seSpØp-sIm≠p≈kao]\amWv NnIn’m thfbn¬A\ph¿Øn -t°≠sX-∂ -¿∞w.CØcsamcp kmlNcyØn¬ NnIn’hnPbIcamIptºmƒ tUmŒ¿ \√ssI∏pWyapffhs\∂v s]mXp-hn¬hnh£n°s∏Smdp≠v. Aßs\ Abm-ƒ°v {]tXyIamb ZnhyXzw Nm¿Øn-s°m-Sp°p∂Xn¬ A¿-∞an√. am{X-hpa√ Cßs\ hmgvØp∂h¿ hn]coXthfbn¬ tUmŒsd IsømgnbpIbpwsNøpw. tcmK-NnIn’mthfbn¬ Xncn-®dnb-s∏´hbpw A√mØXpamb\nch[n LSI߃ {]h¿Øn°p-∂p≠v. ChbpsSsb√mw tbmPn®{]h¿Ø\-Øns‚ A¥na^eamWvNnIn’m hnPbhpw ]cmPbhpw.Nnet∏mƒ AXv hnPbns®∂v hcpw a‰vNnet∏mƒ AXv ]cmPbs∏s´∂pwhcmw. Hmtcm L´Ønepw F¥psIm≠vCßs\-sb∂v ]cntim[n®v t_m[y-s∏Sp-I-bmWv Hcp tUmŒ¿ sNtø≠Xv.AXmbXvv imkv{Xobhpw hy‡hpambam¿KØneqsS Ncn°pIsb∂XmWvIcWobam¿Kw. ]Icw ZnhyXzw Nm¿-Øns°mSp°p∂Xpw kzbw Aßs\AhXcn°p∂Xpw Htc t]mse Aim-kv{XobamWv. AXv FXn¿°s∏-tS-≠-XmWv.

Nne AkpJIcambtNmZy߃....

F{X `njKzc∑m¿ CØcØn¬kºq¿Wamb NnIn’bn¬ G¿s∏Sp-∂p≠v?

F{X t]¿ XßfpsS kao]\-Ønse icnsX‰pIsf°pdn®v Nn¥n-°p-∂p≠v?

NnIn’bnse CØcw am\hnIkao-]\ßsf°pdn®v sshZy]-T\-Øn-s‚ GsX¶nepw Imebfhn¬ AhscBsc¶nepw Nn¥n∏n®n- p-t≠m?

sshZyss\XnIX F{X t]scAe´p∂p≠v?

Htcm an\n´nepw G{X A\mhiy]cntim[\Iƒ \S°p∂p≠v?

Htcm an\n´nepw G{X A\mhiyacp∂v FgpØpIƒ \S°p∂p≠v?

Htcm an\n´nepw G{X t]¿shdptX acp∂v Xn∂p∂p≠mIpw?

Htcm an\n´nepw F{Xt]¿ acp∂vhmßphm\mImsX Ipgßp∂p≠mIpw?

Hmtcm an\n´nepw F{X A\mhiyI¨kƒt´j≥/sd^depIƒ \S°p-∂p≠v?

Hmtcm an\n´nepw F{X A\mhiyHm∏tdj\pIƒ \S°p∂p≠mIpw?

Hmtcm an\n´nepw F¥pam{Xw I≈-∏Ww ssIam‰w sNøs∏Sp∂p-≠mIpw?

tUmŒ¿amcpsS acp∂v FgpØv\nco£n°s∏tS≠Xpt≠m?

AXv tNmZyw sNøs∏Sm≥ ]mSn-√mØ Hcp "]pWy'{]{Inbtbm?

AXv imkv{XobambtXm Dƒhn-fntbm?

sshZyhrØn al\obamIp∂XvAXv "]pWy'amIp∂XpsImt≠m?

sshZyhrØn tIheamb HcpsXmgn¬ am{Xtam?

sshZy kwLS\Iƒ tIhewsXmgn¬ kwLS\Itfm?

tNmZy߃ Db¿Øp∂ tUmŒ¿°vssIøSn In´psa¶nepw Abmƒ°v]n∂oSv F¥p kw`hn°p∂psh∂vs]mXp-kaqlw Nn¥n°p∂pt≠m?

Ducphne°pIƒ AXnPohn-°p-∂Xn\v G{X t]¿°v Ignbpw

sshZy taJebn¬ kXyk‘-cmb hnπhImcnIƒ Ipd™v t]mIp-∂sX¥psIm≠v?

F√mhcpw tami°mcmsW∂vhcptam?

`qcn]£w F¥psIm≠v au\nI-fmbn XpScp∂p?

Cu au\w Ft∏msg¶nepw RvPn-°s∏Sptam?

{]Xo£°v hIbpt≠m?....

Cßs\sbms° tNmZn-°mtam-sb∂ AkpJIcambtNmZy߃CØcØn¬ \o≠pt]mIpw. Chbv°vDØcw Is≠Øm≥ AYhm Is≠-Øns°m≠v sshZyhrØnbn¬ F{X-t]¿°v XpScp∂Xn\v Ignbpw?

tcmKNnIn’m{]{Inbnseimkv{XobX

BtcmKysa∂ k¶¬∏Ønseam\knIhpw kmaqlnIhpamb hiwHcn°epw Hgn®pIqSphm≥ IgnbmØ-XmWv. GsXmcp imcocnI tcmKØn-t‚bpw {]IS\]cXbpw Xo{hXbpwacp∂nt\mSp≈ {]XnIcWhpw cq]-s∏SpØp∂Xn¬ AbmfpsS am\kn-Iamb AhkvY \n¿WmbI-amb ]¶vhln°p∂p. hnimeamb A¿∞-

24 BKÃv 2011

Øn¬ am\knIhpw kmaqlnIhpambhiw Hcp hy‡nbpsS ka{KXsbbpwkaqlØnenSs]Sphm\p≈ Abm-fpsS Ignhns\bpw kqNn∏n°p∂p.BtcmKyØns‚ \n¿anXnbn¬ tIh-eamb imcocnImhÿbv°p-a-∏pdwAbmfpsS kmaqlnI cm{„ob]cnk-chpw \n¿WmbIamb ]¶p hln-°p∂p. Hmtcm P\XbpsSbpw Btcm-Kyw B kaqlØns‚ Ncn{X]cambkhntijX, h¿K]camb LS\,`cWIqSØns‚ kz`mhw F∂nhsb{]Xn^en∏n°p∂p≠v. CXmWvBtcmKyØns‚ cm{„obw. BtcmKy-Øns‚ am\knI kmaqlnIhißsfIpd®p ImWp∂ kao]\w bmYm-ÿnXnIhpw Aimkv{Xo-bhpamWv.F∂m¬ CXv B[p\nI sshZyim-kv{XØns‚ Zm¿i\nI {]Xnk‘nb√adn®v {]tbmKØn¬ h∂ A]mIXbmWv. {]mtbmKnIXeØn¬ BtcmKy-sa∂ ImgvN∏mSns\ IqSpX¬ hnI-kn∏ns®Sp t°≠Xp≠v. CXn¬P\IobmtcmKy{]h¿ØI cpsS ]¶vhfsc hepXmWv.

tcmKsØ HmtcmcpØcpw XßfpsSImgvN∏mSpIf\pkcn®v hyXykvXambn\n¿hNn®n´p≠v. hfsc efnXambnimcncnImtcmKyØn\pta¬ tijn-°pdhv D≠mIp∂ AhkvYsbtcmKsa∂v hnfn°mw. AXmbXv Btcm-KyØns‚ hn]coXmhkvY. tcmKsØ-°pdn®p≈ Hcp {]mtbmKnI\n¿hN\wt\m°mw. Hcp tcmKmhkvYbn¬ imco-cn-ImhbhßfpsStbm imcocnI mK-ß-fpsStbm [¿Ω߃ XS -s∏-SpItbm Aet¶me-s∏SpItbm sNø-s∏Sp∂p. CXv tcmKmhkvYbpsSXo{hX A\pkcn®v hyXykvX-am-bncn°pw. a\p-jy\pw ]cnkvYnXnbpwXΩnep≈ kwXpe\mhkvY \„-

s∏Sptºmƒ tcmKm-hkvY-bp≠m-Ip-∂Xmbn \nco-£n-°s∏Sp∂p.

tcmKØns‚ ImcWsa¥v? HmtcmtcmKmhkvYbv°p ]n∂nepw Pohim-kv{X]chpw am\knIhpw kmaqln-Ihpamb ImcWßfp≠v. Pohimkv{X-]camb ImcW߃ hy‡n]camWv.tcmKmXpcamb kmlNcyØnepwkmaq-lnImhÿbnepw Pohnt°-≠n-hcp-∂Xp sIm≠pIqSnbmWv HcmƒtcmKnbmbnØocp∂Xv. AXpsIm≠vtcmKmhkvYbv°v ASns∏Sp∂ Hmtcma\pjyt‚bpw am\knIhpw kmaqly-hpamb ]ivNmØew IqSn hnebncp-Øns°m≠v thWw tcmKNnInXvk\StØ≠Xv. Cßs\bmWv tcmK-NnIn’ Hcmƒ°v kzoImcyamIp∂Xv.Cßs\bmWv tcmKNnIn’ Hcmƒ°vhnizmkIcamIp∂Xv. Cßs\bmWvHcp tcmKNnIn’ hnPbn°p∂Xv.Cßs\bmWv tcmKNnIn’ imkv-{Xo-b amIp∂Xv. CXns\ tcmKNnIn’m{]{Inbbnse P\IobZ¿i\sa∂pwhntijn∏n°mw. CØcsamcp Z¿i\wNnInXvkmhn[nIƒ°v IqSpX¬kzoImcyX ssIhcpØp∂XmWv.tcmKNnInXvkbpsS mKambn kml-Ncyßfn¬ am‰w hcpØp∂Xn\p≈{iahpw th≠nht∂°mw. AXmbXvNnInXvk Htckabw hy‡n]chpwkmaqly]chpamb CSs]S¬ IqSnbm-sW∂v Xncn®dntb-≠nbncn°p∂p. CXvHcp XpS¿ {]{InbbmWv. CXmWv tcmKNnIn’bnse cm{„obw.

tcmKNnIn’Is‚{]tem`\߃;B¥cnIs\mºcßfpw....

tcmKNnIn’m{]{Inbbn¬ tcmKNn-In’Is‚ kao]\w hfsc \n¿Wm-bIamWv. AbmfpsS imkv{Xt_m[w,

imkv{X{]tbmKw, sXmgnent\mSp≈A¿∏Ww, sXmgn¬]camb kXyk-‘X, sXmgn¬]camb Bflm¿∞

]cntim[\IfpsS D]tbmKcoXn,

acp∂pIfpsS D]tbmKcoXn, ]cnan-

XnIƒ°p≈n¬ \n∂psIm≠p≈

]cmah[n {]tbmP\s∏Spج, kwth-

Z\-tijn F∂nßs\ XpScp∂p Hcp

tcmKNnIn’I\v A\nhmcyambn

th≠tijnIƒ Fßs\ cq]-s∏Sp-

sa∂XmWv {]iv\w. kzbw hna¿i\m-

flIambn apt∂m´v t]mIp∂ tcmK-

NnIn’I\v Xs‚ sXmgn¬-{]{Inbbn¬

ImeßfneqsS Cu kao]\߃

Xo¿®bmbpw t\Snsb-Sp°p-∂Xn\v

Ignbpw. F∂m¬ sshZy-hrØnbn¬

XpS¿{]h¿Ø\w \S-Øp∂ Hcp

tcmKNnIn’I\v ]e-t∏mgpw AXn\v

Ignbp∂ns√∂XmWv bmYm¿∞yw.

Xs‚ {]tem`\]camb Np‰ph´-

Øn¬ sshZy-hrØnbpsS {]mYanI

XmXv]cyØn-\pta¬ ZznXob-XmXv]-

cyØn\v Ft∏mtgm Xm\dn-bmsX ta¬-

ss° h∂ps]Sp∂p. AXn\v Abmƒ

hiwhZ\mIp∂p. s]mXp-XmXv]cyØn\v

ta¬ hy‡n-XmXv]cyw ta¬ss°

kvYm]n°p∂p. CØcw {]tem`\߃

Db¿Øp∂ sh√phnfn Fßns\

t\cnSpsa∂XmWv Hmtcm njKzct‚bpw

ap∂nep≈ ss\XnI{]iv\w. Htc

kabw A°mZ-anIhpw kmaqlnIhpamb

icnbmb \ne]mSv Fßs\ Is≠Øpw?

Hcp _Z¬ kao]\w Fßs\ cq]s∏Sp-

ØnsbSp°pw? GsXms°bmWv

icnIƒ?.... ChnsS Abmƒ°v Xt∂mSv

Xs∂ \nc¥cw t]mcSnt°≠nhcpw.

AXn¬ F{X t]¿°v hnPbn°phm-

\mIpw? Abmƒ°v ]nSn®p\n¬°p-∂Xn\v

Bhiyamb ]n≥XpW \¬Ip-∂Xn\v

s]mXpkaqlØn\v Ignbp∂p-t≠m?....

AXpsIm≠mWv sshZyhr-Øn-bn¬

kXyk‘cmb hnπhImcn-Iƒ D≠m-

ImsXt]mIp∂Xv. AYhm Ipd™v

t]mIp∂Xv.

Ducp hne°p-Isf D√w-Jn®p sIm≠v

Hcmƒ°v F{X\mƒ ]nSn®p

\n¬°phm\mIpw? Ipd®v kXy߃

I≠ns√∂v \Sn®pIq-tSsb∂ kvt\l-

\n¿`camb tNmZyß-ƒ°v ap∂n¬ F{X

\mƒ XeIp\n-°msX Ign°pw? F¥p-

thW-sa¶nepw \S°s´. I≠ns√∂v

\Sn°mw F∂ Xncn®dnhn¬ Abmƒ

FØpw. AXp-sIm≠mWv Ip‰Icamb

au\߃ D≠m-Ip∂Xv. adn®v F√mhcpw

tami-°mcm-bXpsIm≠√. Iq´mb Cuau\sØ Fßs\ DW¿Øm-sa∂-XmWvs]mXpkaqlw ]cntim[n-t°-≠Xv.

Ducp hne°p-Isf D√w-Jn®p sIm≠v Hcmƒ°vF{X\mƒ ]nSn®p \n¬°phm\mIpw? Ipd®vkXy߃ I≠ns√∂v \Sn®pIq-tSsb∂kvt\l-\n¿`camb tNmZyß-ƒ°v ap∂n¬ F{X\mƒ XeIp\n-°msX Ign°pw? F¥p-thW-sa¶nepw \S°s´. I≠ns√∂v \Sn°mw F∂Xncn®dnhn¬ Abmƒ FØpw. AXp-sIm≠mWvIp‰Icamb au\߃ D≠m-Ip∂Xv. adn®vF√mhcpw tami-°mcm-bXpsIm≠√. Iq´mbCu au\sØ Fßs\ DW¿Øm-sa∂-XmWvs]mXpkaqlw ]cntim[n-t°-≠Xv.

imkv{X-KXn 25

agsh≈ kw -c-WØn\v

]pXnb amXrI

Ih¿tÃmdntUm. kn. _me-IrjvW≥ \mb¿

AXnhrjvSn {]tZ-i-ambn Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ tIc-f-Øn¬ ip≤-P-e-£maw Hcphntcm-[m- m-k-am-Wv. e`y-amb ag-sh≈w_p≤n-]q¿hw D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øm-Ø-XmWv AXn-\p-Im-c-Ww. ip≤-P-e-£m-a-Øns‚ {][m\ ]cn-lmcw ag-sh≈kw -c-Ww (a-g-sh≈ sImbvØv) am{X-amWv F∂v IqSp-X¬ IqSp-X¬ P\-߃°v a\- n-embn hcn-I-bm-Wv.F∂m¬ CXn\v {][m\ XS w ^e-h-Ømb Hcp ag-sh≈ kw -cW k{º-Zmbw C∂n√ F∂-Xm-Wv . Cu kXywa\- n-em-°n-bm-bn-cn°mw \ΩpsS Pe-hn-`h a{¥n Hcp ao‰nw-Kn¬ ag-sh≈kw -c-W-Øn\v e-{]-Z-amb am¿K-an√F∂v ap∂-dn-bn∏v \¬Inb-Xv. (The Hindu

dt.17, June, 2011): ^e-{]-Z-amb GIam¿K-sa-∂-dn-b-s∏- n-cp∂ Ferro-cementSm¶p-Iƒ ]e Imc-W-߃sIm≠pw]e-ÿ-eØpw ]cm-P-b-sa-∂mWv A\p--h-ÿ¿ km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv. AXn\v

]I-c-amb thsdmcp coXn (Plastic TankMethod) BWv Rm≥ 3˛4 sIm√-ambnho´n¬ ]co-£n®p hcp-∂-Xv. Fs‚ho´n¬ sh≈-£maw ]cn-l-cn-°m-\p≈ITn\ {ia-Øn¬ bZr-—bm DS-se-Sp-Ø-XmWv CsX∂p ]d-bmw. GI-tZiw 9000en‰¿ kw`-c-W-˛-hn-X-c-W-ti-jn-bp≈Hcp k{º-Zm-b-am-Wn-Xv. \K-c a[y-Øn-em-b-XpsIm≠v FSpØp ]d-b-s , hm´¿AtXm-dn-‰n-bpsS sh≈w Fs‚bpwkao-]-{]-tZ-i-sØbpw hoSp-I-fn¬ Xosc

e`n-°mØ kml-N-cy-Ønepw F√mho´m-h-iy-Ønepw hfsc sNdnb (Hcpao‰¿ h´w) InW-dns\ am{Xw F\n°vB{i-bn-t°-≠n-h-∂-Xn-ep-ap≈ {]bm-kw-sIm-≠pw, th\¬°m-eØv InW-dn¬ 2 ASn am{Xap≈ sh≈w Bh-iy-Øn\v In´m≥ ]e {]mhiyw CS-hn´v tamt´m¿ ]ºv D]-tbm-Kn®v tiJ-cn-°pI F∂ ZpjvI-c-amb A\p-`-h-hp-amWv ag-sh≈ kw -c-W-sØ-°p-dn®v4 sIm√w- apºpXs∂ Imcy-ambnBtem-Nn-°m≥ Imc-W-am-bXv. BI-kvan-I-sa∂v ]d-bs´ 40 sIm√w ]g-°-ap≈ henb hoSns‚ sSdkn¬ Xs∂ag-°m-eØv tNm¿s∂m-en-°p-∂Xv XS-bm≥ hn]p-e-ambn ss^_¿ •m v

Cu sÃ]v kwhn-[m\w3˛4 sIm√sØ ITn\ ]cn-{iawsIm≠p-≠m-b-Xm-Wv. BZywsh≈-Øns‚ Bhiyw (A-Xym-h-iyw);{ItaW {ItaW hnP-b-I-c-am-hp-tºmƒAXv Hcp tlm_n Bbn. ]ns∂ ag-sh≈kw`-c-W-Øns‚ apgp-h≥ km[y-X-Ifpwhenb ho´n¬ {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øm-\p≈Bth-iw. Cu Hcp Xcw k¿§m-flI]cn-]m-Sn-bnse kpJhpw a\- -am-[m-\hpwthdn´ A\p- hw Xs∂!

26 BKÃv 2011

ta¬°qc ]nSn-∏n-t°-≠n-h∂Xv Hc-\p-{K-l-am-bn. tase sSd-kn¬ Xs∂ ag-sh-≈-s°mbvØv \SØmw F∂Bibw Aßs\ a\- n-ep-Zn -®p.AhnSw apX¬ sSdkn¬ Xs∂(G‰hpw tase c≠m-asØ \ne-bpsSapI-fn-se) ag-sh-≈-s°mbvØv \S-Øm-\p≈ {ia-am-bn. ]e ]co-£-W-߃°pw XpS¿®-bmb ]cn - {i-a -߃°pw-tijw C∂sØ \ne-bn-ep≈ag-sh≈ kw`-cW hnX-cWw hnP-b-I-c-ambn Iem-in-®p. ag Xnan¿Øv s]øp-tºmƒ ss_^¿ jo‰n¬ hogp∂sh≈w ]n.-hn.-kn. Nm\¬ (]m-Øn)hgn 3 Xcw Filters ¬ (A-cn-∏-I-fn¬)IqSn BZysØ kw -cW Sm¶v \nd-bp-∂-Xn¬ IqSn a‰v 10 Sm¶p-I-fn¬ (500en‰¿ apX¬ 2000 en‰¿ hsc sh≈-Øns‚ Gravity-Syphon-action hgnPlastic T, connector, 3/4”/1/2” plastic hosetube-regulator Tap/Plastic (Rs. 10) hoseand tap hgn hoSns‚ F√m `mK-tØ-°pw- -A-IØpw ]pd-Øpw- -sh-≈-sa-Øn-°m≥ km[n-°p-∂p. Cu ]Xn-s\m∂vSm¶p-I-fn¬ BZy-tØXv If-£≥ Sm¶pw_m°n 10 FÆw Storage cum Distribu-tion Tank Ifpw BWv. hoSns‚ 3seh¬-˛-I-fn¬, G‰hpw tase sSd-

t¢mdnt\‰v sNbvXm¬ th\¬°m-eØvD]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ ]‰pw. ]t£ sNdnbInW¿ D≈-Xp-sIm≠v ]ºv sNbvXInW¿ sh≈w Iptds» Iptds» Cuag-sh≈ Sm¶n-te°v Hgp°n k¿Iypte-j≥ \ne-\n¿Øn-bmepw tiJ-cn® ag-sh≈w Aip-≤-am-ImsX kq£n-°mw;Rm≥ ho´n¬ sNøp-∂-Xp-t]m-se.

Ferro Cement Tank D≠m-bm¬ am{XtaZo¿L-Imew (th-\¬°mew hsc) ag-sh≈w kq£n-°m≥ ]‰p-I-bp-≈q,πmÃnIv Sm¶n¬ ]‰p-I-bn√ F∂vhymJym-\n-°p-∂Xv ta¬ Imc-W-Øm¬icn-b√ Fs∂-\n°v tXm∂p-∂p).

C\n Fs‚ ho´nse G¿∏m-Sn-te-°p-Xs∂ aS-ßn-h-c-s´. 7 AwK-ß-fpsSIq´p-Ip-Spw-_-am-Wv. ho´m-h-iy-Øn\v 90%ag-sh-≈-amWv Ct∏mƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv; £Ww ]mIw sNøm\pw IpSn-sh-≈-Øn-\p-sam-gnsI. Ipfn-°m≥,XpWn Ae-°m≥, ]m{Xw Igp-Im≥ a‰p-Nn-e-hbv°v F√m-‰n\pw ag sh≈wXs∂, _m°n GI-tZiw 10% InW¿sh≈w. £-Wm-h-iy-߃°v thW-sa-¶n¬ `£-W-Øn\pw IpSn-°m\pw ag-sh≈w D]-tbm-Kn-°mw. £Ww ]mIwsNøm\pw IpSn-°m-\p-ap≈ ag sh≈wNqSm°n Xnf-∏n-°p-a-t√m. ]t£ Hcp-{]iv\w F√m-‰n\pw ag-sh≈w D]-tbm-Kn-®m¬- -In-W¿ sh≈w Hgn-hm-°n-bm¬sI´n-°n-S∂v sh≈w aen-\-am-Ip-at√m!7 t]cp≈ ho´n¬ \ntXy\ GI-tZiw1500 en‰-sd-¶nepw ag-sh≈w D]-tbm-Kn-®m¬ amkw 1500x30=45000 en‰¿- GI-tZiw 5 ag-am-k-߃ (5x 45000 = 225000).Aßs\ sIm√-Øn¬˛a-g-°m-eØv ˛2 1/4 e£w en‰¿ sh≈w D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xns‚ kuI-cyhpw kmº-ØnIt\´hpw sNdp-X-√.

hn]p-e-amb kwhn-[m\w [Total 11plastic Tank (Rs.9000xRs.4/tr/=Rs.36000).Pipes, Taps, Filters etc. Rs. 4000-Total Rs.40000/-) ss^_¿jo‰v t\c-sØ D≠-t√m. Nne-th-dnb G¿∏m-Sv F∂v F√m-hcpw km[m-c-W-\n-e-bn¬ Ip‰w ]d-™p-t]m-Ipw. F∂m¬ CjvSw t]msesh≈w, c≠p-e-£-Øne[nIw en‰¿Hmtcm sIm√-hpw, thsd {]tXy-In®vBh¿Ø\ sNe-shm-∂p-an-√- -C-sX-√mw-sIm≠v Zo¿L-Im-em-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Cukwcw`w Hcp \jvS-ambn ImtW-≠-Xn-√. At∏mƒ thsdmcp Imcyw ]d-bm-sX-h-ø. Cu πmÃnIv ss^_¿ Sm¶vIƒ F{X-Imew tISp-Iq-Sm-Xn-cn°pwF∂-Xm-Wv-˛ -\-ΩpsS Ferro CementImcpsS {][m\hm-Zhpw kwi-bhpw.Fs‚ A\p- -h-Øn¬\n∂pw ]d-b-s - 14,12, 10, 8, 6, 2 sIm√w ]g-°-ap≈ Sm¶p-Iƒ Chn-sS D≠v. F√m Sm¶p-Ifpw

kn¬ 6(51+1)¬ XmgsØ \ne-bp-sS sSd-kn¬ 3, Xmsg \neØv (ground) ¬ 2F∂n-ßs\ Sm¶p-Iƒ h®-Xp-sIm-≠mWv kmam\yw henb hoSns‚F√m `mKØpw sh≈w FØn-°m≥km[n-°p-∂-Xv.

3 Xcw ^n¬‰-dn¬ IqSn Acn-s®-SpØmWv sh≈w ip≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-sX∂vFgp-Xn-b-t√m. BZy-tØXv (ChannelFilter) ]ns∂ Drum (Barrel) filter, ]ns∂(3˛m-asØ) Basin Filter. Cu Filters ¬IqSnsb-√mw Acn-s®-Sp-°m-\p≈ km[-\-߃ Hm vI-j-Ww, sNdnb sa‰¬ Ij-Ww, Icn-°´/Nnc- -°-cn, Nc¬, B‰va-W¬ F∂n-h-bm-Wv. Drum Filter s‚bpwBasin Filter s‚bpw ASn-bnepw tasebpw]e aSßv t\¿Ø ss\tem¨ hetbmXpWn-°-j-Wtam D≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww. CuAcn∏ km[-\-ß-sf√mw BZyw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-tºmƒ 4˛5 {]mhiyw sh≈-Ønepw Ah-km\w ªo®nwKv ]uU¿sh≈-Ønepw IgpIn ip≤o-I-cn-°-Ww.

10 storage distribution Tank IƒDs≠∂v Fgp-Xn-b-t√m. ag-°mew Xocm-dm-Ip-tºmƒ sh≈w \nd™ 3˛4 Sm¶p-Iƒ am‰n \n¿Øn (Cut off)- sNbvXvjo‰p-sIm-≠v \∂mbn aq-Sn, amk-Øn-sem -cn -°¬ sNdp -Xmbn (Mild)

imkv{X-KXn 27

Ct∏mgpw {Z-am-Wv. CXn-s\√mw ]pdsaInW¿ sh≈-Øn\v am{X-am-bp≈ icm-icn 7 sIm√w ]g-°-ap≈ 4 Sm¶p-Iƒthsd D≠v. G‰hpw ]g°ap≈ ]gb(14 sIm√w) Sm¶v C\nbpw 5˛6sIm√sa¶nepw \ne-\n¬°pw F∂pIcpXmw AXm-bXv 20 sIm√w! At∏mƒA\p-`hw CXmbn-cns° "]mhw'πmÃnIv Sm¶p-Isf ‘Ferro cement’ Im¿Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn¬ F¥m-W¿∞w?Ferro cement ImcpsS Plastic Fibre Tanks\Xn-cmb G‰hpw henb Bt£-]-hp-amWv Cu Ime-∏-g°w sIm≠p≈\io-I-cW hmZw F∂v ASn-h-c-bn v ]d-bmw.

Cu sÃ]v kwhn -[m\w 3˛4sIm√sØ ITn\ ]cn-{iaw sIm≠p-≠m-b-Xm-Wv. BZyw sh≈-Øns‚Bhiyw (A-Xym-h-iyw); {ItaW{ItaW hnP-b-I-c-am-hp-tºmƒ AXv Hcptlm_n Bbn. ]ns∂ ag-sh≈ kw`-c-W-Øns‚ apgp-h≥ km[y-X-Ifpwhenb ho´n¬ {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øm-\p≈ Bth-iw. Cu Hcp Xcw k¿§m-flI ]cn-]m-Sn-bnse kpJhpw a\- -am-[m-\hpw thdn´ A\p-`hw Xs∂!Aßs\ ]cn-]mSn ]q¿W hnPbw(200%) t\Sp-tºm-tg°pw Cu t\´-Øns‚ kmaq-ly-s]m-Xp-P\ {]m[m-\y-hpw, ip≤-P-e-£maw sIm≠v Ah-i-X-b-\p- -hn-°p∂ a\p-jy¿°v e-{]-Z-am-

b, k¶o¿W-X-Iƒ hfsc Ipd® hfscuser friendly Bb sNdnb Hcp tamU-en-s\-°p-dn®v GXp-X-c-Øn-ep≈ k{º-Zm-b-Øns‚ Cu efn-X-amb (sN-dn-b)tamU-en-s\-°p-dn®v Btem-Nn-°m-hp-∂-XmWv F∂ Bibw tXm∂n.

ag-sh≈ kw`-c-W-sØ-°p-dn®pwCubnsS ]e-t∏m-gmbn am[y-a-hm¿Ø-Iƒ h∂p sIm≠n-cn-°p-tºmfpw Ferrocement Method D]-tbm-Kn®v ag-sh≈kw`-c-W-Øns‚ ]cm-Pbw A\p-`-h-ÿ¿ ]d™v tIƒ°p-tºmfpw CucoXn sh≈-£maw G‰hpw XojvW-ambn A\p-`-hn-°p∂ hn`m-K-߃°v-˛-Hcp Xc-Øn-ep≈ ip≤-Pe e`y-Xbv°pw kuI-cy-an-√m-Ø-˛-tXm-Sv-˛-In-W¿, ss]∏v, Sm∏v CsXm∂pw ASp-sØ-ßm\pw C√mØ tNcn-{]-tZ-i-ß-fnseIpSn¬ hoSp-I-fn¬ Pohn-°p∂ Cuhn`m-K-߃ apX¬, Ft∏m-sg-¶nepwam{Xw sh≈w e`n-°p∂ a‰v hcp-am-\-°m-cmb P\-߃°v-˛Cu k{º-Zmbwag-°m-e-sØ-¶nepw {]tbm-P-\-s∏- m¬Hc-\p-{K-l-am-sW-∂p-tXm-∂n. tNcn-{]-tZ-i-ß-fnse Hmtcm IpSn¬ ho´nepw HcpSyq_ns‚ A‰sØ Hcp Sm∏v hgn ip≤-Pew e`y-am-bm-ep≈ Akp-e-`m-\p-{Klw Duln-°m-hp-∂-X-t√-bp-≈q. CusNdnb ASn-ÿm\ ÿnXn (Basic Situ-ation) ¬ XpSßn hy‡n-I-fpsS IqSnbkmº-ØnI kmaqly \ne-hm-c-Øn-\-

\p-k-cn®v hn]p-eo-I-cn®v am‰n-sb-Sp-Øm¬(Fs‚ ho´n-ep-≈-Xp-t]m-se) IqSp-X¬IqSp-X¬ CjvSw-t]mse e`n-°p∂ ag-sh≈w ]c-am -h[n D]-tbm-Kn®vth\¬°m-e-tØ°v (th-≠n-h-∂m¬)kq£n-®p-sh-°m\pw km[n-°pw. kw -cWw hn]p-eo-I-cn-°m≥ ss^_¿ jo‰vdq^ns‚ hnkvXo¿Ww Iq´p-Ibpw kw -c-W-Øn\v Sm¶p-I-fpsS hen-∏hpwFÆhpw Iq -W-sa∂pw am{Xw. sSd- n\v taem-sW-¶n¬ Sm¶p-I-fpsS hen-∏-tØ-°mƒ FÆw Iq´p-∂-XmWv \√-Xv. sSd- ns‚ tIm¨{Io‰v …m_v mcwXmß-W-a-t√m. C\n hym]m-cm-h-iy-Øn\v (tlm-ì, tlm´¬ apX-em-b)th≠n-bm-sW-¶n¬ Iptd-°qSn πw_nßvk¶o¿W-am-°n-bm¬ ]Xn-\m-bn-c-°-W-°n\v en‰¿ sh≈w Xs∂ sSd- n¬At\Iw ss^_¿ Sm¶p-I-fn-embn tiJ-cn-°m≥ km[n-°pw.

ho´n¬ InW-tdm, hm´¿ AtXm-dn‰nIW-£t\m D≈-h¿°pw ag-°mewapgp-h-\p-ap≈ ag-sh≈ kw`-cWwImcWw sh≈-Øns‚ hnebpw InW-dn¬\n∂v sh≈w ]ºv sNøm-\p≈Id‚ v sNehpw Ipd-°mw. Id‚ vtkhnwKvkv {]tXyIw FSp-Øp-]-d-tb-≠n-bn-cn-°p∂p. hym]-Ihpw hn]p-e-hp-amb coXn-bn¬ (Wide spread and mas-sive) ag-sh≈w D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Hcp InW¿ hoSn\v 1 bqWn‰v

Domestic Rain Water Harvesting System (Diagramatic) For Individual House or Small Colony of 8-10 HousesCapacity about 2000 - 3000 Litres at a time/day (on average rain day)

1. Fibre Sheets Corrugated2. 10” PVC Channal with filter mateial3. PVC End Pipe4. End Pipe Bottom5. Basin Filter6. Collcting PL Tank (750 Ltre)7. 3/4 or ½ Plastic hose Pipe8. Plastic 3/4 or ½ inch T Connector9. Plastic 3/4 or ½ inch End Tap10. Storage Tanksa,b,c 500 or 750 Ltrs under Fibre Roof10 b. Outlet for Excess Water11. Supporying Vertical 1½” Tubes12. Metal Clamps for PVC Channal13. Supporting Pillars14. Inter Connecting Hose Tubes

NB: Length of Fibre SheetRoof: 15 FeetBreadth 10 FeetHeight:9 Feet top and 5½” BottomTotal Area: 150 sq. Ft.Floor: Concrete with Top Cement PlasterPvc Channal must be 10 inch Large toAccomodate plenty of filter materialNumber and capacity of storage tank mayslightly vary according to type and areasize

15

99

9 8

8

11 11 11

13 13

134

14

7

6

5

3

10a10

1

14

10b

10a 10a

14

14

13

122

2

2 2

1 1

9

28 BKÃv 2011

sshZypXn em`n-®m¬ Hcp e£w hoSp-Iƒ°v Hcp Znhkw Hcp e£w bqWn‰v\nc-°n¬ amkw 30 e£w bqWn‰pw icm-icn 5 ag-am-k-ß-fn¬ 30x5=150 e£wbqWn‰pw sshZypXn em`n-°mw. sh≈-an-√msX IjvS-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ CjvSw-t]mse[mcmfw sh≈w D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-tXm-sSm∏wsshZypXn D]-t`m-‡m-°ƒ°v kmº-ØnIem`hpw sshZypXn t_m¿Un\v CusshZypXn D]-tbm-K-°p-dhv AXpey t\ -hp-am-bn-cn-°pw.

GXm-bmepw ta¬°m-c-W-ß-sf√mwsIm≠v Cu efn-Xhpw kmt¶-Xn-IXhfsc Ipd-hm-b-Xpw, sabv‚-\≥kv sNehvXosc C√m-ØXpw Hcp-am-Xncn hnZym-`ym-khpw Btcm-Ky-hp-ap≈ B¿°pw \nb-{¥n-°m≥ ]‰p-∂-Xp-amb kwhn-[m-\-am-bn-cn°pw sh≈-Øn-s‚bpw sshZyp-Xn-bp-sSbpw Imcy-Øn¬ tIc-fo-b-cpsS `mhn-bnse kwXr-]vXn-bp-sSbpw kºq¿W-X-bp-sSbpw {][m\ LS-Iw.

C\n CtXm-Sp-tN¿Øv Nn{X-ØnseG‰hpw sNdnb Hcp ag-sh≈ kw`-cWhnX-c-W-Øns‚ Npcp-ßnb hnh-c-Whpw{]tXy-I-Xbpw ]d-bmw. Nn{Xw Xs∂(kzbw hnh-c-Wm-fl-Iw)-B-Wv.

Ah-km-\-ambn Hcp Imcyw {]tXyIw]d-bm-Xn-cn-°m≥ hø. t\csØ NneÿeØv kqNn-∏n® Imcy-ßsf apgp-h-\mbn Hm¿an-∏n-°m≥ th≠n. AXm-bXvCt∏m-gsØ ]pXnb (Rm≥ kzoI-cn-®)πmÃn-Iv- -ss -_¿ Sm¶v satØ-Un-s‚bpw]cm-P-b-s∏´p F∂v Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂Ferrocement tank Method s‚bpwhyXymkw GI-tZiw 10-˛12 sIm√w apºvBhn-jvI-cn® Ferrocement Method s‚A∂sØ G‰hpw {][m-\-s∏´ BI¿j-Wo-bX AXns‚ hne-°p-dhv Bbn-cp-∂p.{]tXy-In®v A∂sØ A]q¿h e`y-ambPlastic fibre syntex tank AXp-hsc \ne-\n∂v concrete/Bricks/Stone masonary tankambn Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ. F∂m¬C∂v Imew amdn-b-t∏mƒ hne-bpsS Imcywhn]-co-X-Zn-i-bn-em-bn. kna‚ v, Iºn, Iºn-h-e, aW¬, {Kmss\‰v ]okkv F√m-‰n\pwhne 1˛5 Cc-´n-bm-bn. te_¿ Nm¿PvAXnepw IqSn Cu hne-°-b-‰-Øn\v]pdsa k¶o¿W-Xbpw hnZKv≤ sXmgn-em-fn-bpsS Zu¿e-`y-hpw. πmÃnIv Sm¶p-IƒBIs´ CjvSw t]mse ]gb hne°vXs∂ e`y-am-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp. s^tdmkna‚ v Sm¶ns‚ \nb-{¥nX ]cn-anXn (Re-stricted) {]mtbm-Kn-I-Xbpw IqSn Bb-t∏mƒ s^tdm kna‚ v Sm¶ns‚ {]tbm-P\w Ime-l-c-W-s∏´p F∂p-Xs∂ kwi-bn-°-Ww. F∂m¬ Bƒ°m-cpsS a\- n¬ag-sh-≈w-=Ip-Sn-sh≈w= Ferrocement tankF∂ A{]m-tbm-KnI hnizmkw hn´p-am-

dmsX \ne-\n¬°p∂p F∂-XmWv kXyw.

1. ÿew (X-d-hn-kvXo¿Ww)˛-sS-d-kn-em-sW-¶n¬ 12’x18’ = 220 sq.ft(approx)\neØv 14’x20’ = 280 sq.ft.

2. bqWn-‰ns‚ hnkvXo¿Ww (catchment area)15’ \ofw x 10’ hoXn = 150sq.ft

3. \n¿an-°m-\p≈ Npcp-ßnb kabw sSd- n¬ = 3˛4 Znhkw

tIm¨{Io‰v C´ Xd-bn¬ (\n-e-Øv) = 8˛10 Znhkw

4. sNe-hv-˛-jo‰v D≈ sSd- n¬ GI-tZiw = Rs. 16,500C√mØ = Rs.25,000kna‚ v tIm¨{Io‰v Xd-bn¬ (\n-e-Øv) = Rs.28,000

5. ss^_¿ dq^v jo‰ns‚ Dbcw ta¬ (D-b¿∂ mKw) 9 ASn

XmW `mKw ˛ 5 1/2 ASn

6. PVC channel (]m-Øn) 8” with ends and drop end with dropper]mØn 8” Xs∂ thWw. km[m-cW 15 x 10sqft area °v 4” aXn. ]t£ IqSp-X¬ ss^_¿ km[-\-߃ \nd-°m≥ henb (8”) ]mØn Xs∂ thWw.

slope of channel 5 1/2 → → → → → 51/4 or 5 1/4 →→→→→ 5henb Nm\¬ (]m-Øn) Bb extra clamps Dw (Total 8-10)Xmßn\n¿Øm≥ 1/4C©v Syq_v 5 1/4˛2 FÆw 5˛'1, 1/4 tube clampsthWw.

Ht∂-Im¬ C©v Syq_v (A-t©-Im¬ ASn- 2 FÆw, 5 ASn Hsc-Æw)

7. henb ]n.-hn.-kn. ]mØn Acn∏ Bb-Xp-sIm≠v {Uw (A-cn-∏) filterkmt¶-XnI k¶o¿WX Ipd-bv°m≥ Cu bqWn-‰n¬ Hgnhm°n-bn-´p-≠v.

8. Sm¶p-Iƒ (πm-Ãn-Iv- -ss -_¿) 750- 1, 500 en‰¿˛3

Total capacity 2250 litre9. Filter material t\ctØ Fgp-Xnb Hm´vI-jvWw, sa‰¬ IjvWw (N-

√n), Icn, Nc¬, B‰va-W¬. \nd-°p-∂-Xn\papºv \∂mbn 4˛5{]mhiyw IgpIn Ah-km\w bleaching powder sh≈-Øn¬ Igp-In-sb-Sp-°-Ww.

10. Plastic or steel Basin 750 litre tank s‚ apIƒ `mKØv sh°m-\p≈]mI-Øn-ep-≈-Xv- -A-Sn-bn¬ sNdnb Ipsd Zzmc-ap-≈-Xv. Acn-hm¿°m≥(Rice strainer type) ]‰p∂ πmÃnIv t_kn≥ BsW-¶n¬ t\¿ØIºn NqSm°n 20- 25 Zzmc-߃ D≠m-°-Ww.

11. hnX-cWw If-£≥ Sm¶n¬\n∂v ]pd-tØ°pw tÃmtdPv Sm¶n-te°pwtÃmtdPv Sm¶p-Iƒ XΩnepw 3/4” or 1/2” plastic hose tube hgn Sm¶vapI-fn¬ IqSntbm apI-fn¬ hi-Øn¬ Zzmcw D≠m-°nbpw \S-Ømw.Hcp Sm∏n¬ IqSp-X¬ hnX-cWw πmÃnIv 3/4 Hm 1/2 Hm connector toconnector apX-em-bh hgnbpw plastic end tap hgn πw_nMv tPmenIgn-bp-∂{X Hgn-hm-°m≥ th≠n-bmWv Cu G¿∏m-Sv. Sm¶n¬\n∂vASpØ Sm¶n-te°v lukv Syq_v hgn Suction-gravity-syphon actionhgn sh≈w FØn-°mw. 3˛masØ (A-h-km-\-sØ) Sm¶n¬ \nd™vA[nI sh≈w ]pd-tØ°v Hgp-°n-°-f-bp-I-tbm, ASpØ InW-dn-te°v (D-s≠-¶n¬) Hgp-°p-I-tbm, thsd FIvkv{Sm kw`-c-Wn-bn-tet°m \nd-°mw. BZy-ambn F√m Sm¶p-I-fnepw sh≈w \nd-™m¬GI-tZiw 100 {Kmw ªo®nwKv ]uU¿ 20 en‰¿ sh≈-Øn¬ Ie°nsNfn-sh≈w Fibre sheet te°v Aev]mev]w ]m‰n Fdn-™m¬ss^_¿ jo‰v ]mØn n¬‰¿, t_kn≥ n¬‰¿ If-IvSnwKv Sm¶nsesh≈w F√mw t¢mdn-t\‰v sNbvXp ip≤o-I-cn-°-s∏-Spw. _m°nsh≈w GI-tZiw 100 an√n hoXw 3 tÃmtdPv Sm¶n¬ t\cn´v Hgn®vt¢mdn-t\‰v sNømw.

12. bqWn‰v F√mw icn-bm°n sk‰v sNbvXm¬ XpS-°-Øn¬ Xs∂ ta¬∏-d™ amXncn ªo®nwKv ]uU¿ t¢mdn-t\-j≥ ip≤o-I-cWw \S-Ø-Ww.

13. BZysØ 3˛4 ag-bpsS sh≈w (t_-kn≥ ^n¬‰¿) am‰n CollectionTank s‚ aqSn AS®v ]pd-tØ°v Hgp-°n-°-f-b-Ww.

imkv{X-KXn 29

s^tdm-kn-a‚ v Sm¶v πmÃnIv Sm¶v

th\¬ ImeØv IpSn-sh-≈- ag-°m-eØv CjvSw-t]mse D]-tbm-Kn-°m\pw

Øn\pth≠n kw -cn®v kq£n-®p-hbv-°m≥ am{Xw ]n∂oSv th\¬°m-eØv D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥

Ipd™ kw -c-Whpw hnX-c-W-hpw. kq£n-®p-h-bv°m\pw IqSnb (]-c-am-h-[n)

kw -c-Whpw hnX-c-W-hpw.

Ferrocement tank \n¿amWw s]s´∂p jm∏n¬ (I-S-bn¬)-sN∂v hmßn-°mw.

hfsc k¶o¿Whpw Ct∏mƒ sNehv t^m¨ sNbvXm¬ t]mepw Nne-t∏mƒ

IqSn-bXpw km[m-cW tak-Wn\v sNøm≥ ho´n-se-Øn®p Xcpw.

]‰m-Ø-XpamWv.

Xd-bn¬ (\n-e-Øv) Acn-s®-Sp-°-epw, Acn-s®-SpØ If-£-\pw, tase sSd- n¬

kw -c-Whpw hnX-c-W-hpw. hnX-cWw ]e-bn-SØpw kw`-c-Whpw hoSns‚ ]e-\ne

XmgsØ Xd-hn-Xm-\-Øn¬ bnte°pw ÿeØpw kw`-cW hnX-c-Whpw

Npcp-ßnb ÿe-tØ-°p-am{Xw \S-Ømw.

hoSns‚ apI-fn¬ {]tXyIw Sm¶nte°v CØcw Bh-iy-߃ (G¿∏m-Sp-Iƒ) Bhiy

]ºv sNbvXv sh≈w Ib-‰n-bm¬ Sm¶ns‚ an√- -I-f-£≥ tÃmtd-Pv, hnX-cWw F√mw

hnebpw Ce-Iv{SnIv Id≠v Nm¿Pv thsdbpw tase sSd- n¬\n∂v

\neØv (X-d-bn¬) hne-s∏´ ÿew CXns‚ Bh-iy-an√ an°-hmdpw F√mw sSd˛

ÿnc-ambn th≠n-hcpw (\-jvS-s∏-Spw)  ns‚ apI-fn¬\n-∂p-X-s∂.

^n¬‰¿ FSpØv ip≤o-I-cn-°m≥ Ffp-∏-Øn¬ B¿°pw FSpØv ip≤o-I-cn°mw

hfsc {]bm-k-am-Wv. am‰m≥ FIvkv]¿´v ]pXn-bh \nd°mw

h¿°¿ thWw. B¿°pw sNøm≥ ]‰pw.

I´n-bp≈ tXß, Hme, ac-s°mºv AØcw {]iv\-ta-bn√ sSd- n¬ Bb-Xn-\m¬

apX-em-bh hoWm¬ XI-cm-dmhpw ac-Øns‚

thcp-Ifpw XI-cmdp hcpØpw

Sm¶v ip≤o-I-cn-°m≥ hfsc {]bm-k- `mcw Ipd-hm-b-Xn-\m¬ πmÃnIv Sm¶v IgpIn

ta-dn-b-XmWv sNcn®pw adn-®n´pw Ffp-∏-Øn¬ hrØn-bm°mw

sh≈-Øns‚ ip≤-X- -a-\p-jy¿ a\p-jy¿ s]cp-am-dmØ ss^_¿ jo‰ns‚

s]cp-am-dp∂ kna‚ v sSd- n¬ sNcn™ {]X-e-Øn¬ CØcw amen-\yß

\n∂p≈ t{kmX- n¬ amen-\y-߃ IqSpw. fpsS {]iv\-an-√. ]q∏¬, ]® (Algae) ss^_¿

{]tXy-In®v Aen™v tNcp∂ Acn-∏-bn¬ jo‰n¬ hf-cp-I-bn-√. BZy 2 ag Ign-™m¬

Acn-s®Sp°m\m-ImØ amen-\y-߃ sSd v ss^_¿ jo‰v k¿t^kv F∂pw ¢o≥ Bbn

ÿnc-ambn s]cp-am-dp∂ (D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂) ÿe XpS-cpw.

amI-bm¬ BZysØ ag-sh≈w Hgn-hm-°n-bmepw

XpS¿ D]-tbmKw sIm≠v sSd- n¬ amen\yw hcpw.

]q∏¬, ]® apX-em-bh kna‚ v sSd- n¬ hf¿∂pw

hrØn-tI-Sp-≠m-°pw.

Xd-bn¬, \neØv Dd-∏n® am‰m≥ hoSns‚ ]e-\n-e-bn¬ (X- n¬) hbv°m-hp∂

km[n-°mØ Acn-s®-Sp-°¬ kw -cW am‰m-hp-∂, hnX-cWw F√m ÿeØpw

hnX-cWw Filtration, collection, storage & FØn-°m-hp∂ aƒ´n-∏nƒ Sm¶v knÃw

distribution Hcp-an®v \S-Øp∂ H‰ Sm¶v ]c-am-h[n {]tbm-P-\w.

hym]-I-amb ag-sh≈ kw -c-W-Øns‚C∂sØ ]cm-P-b-Øn\v ImcWw CXp-Xs∂ F∂v F\n°v tXm∂p-∂p. 2satØUpw (k-{º-Zm-b-߃) XΩn-ep≈ {][m\ hyXymkw Fgp-Xmw.

kwhn-[m-\w.Zo¿L-amb Cu hnh-c-W-Øn¬-

\n∂pw C∂sØ \ne-bn¬ hn]p-ehpwhym]-I-hp-amb (wide spread and mas-sive) {]tXy-In®pw Km¿ln-I-am-b, ag-sh≈ kw`-c-W-hn-X-cW D]-tbm-K-Øn\v G‰hpw {]mtbm-Kn-I-amb Hcpk{º-Zmbw πmÃn-Iv-˛-ss^-_¿ Sm¶vsatØUv Xs∂ Fs∂-\n°v tXm∂p-

∂p. ag-°m-esØ hn]p-ehpw hym]-

I-hp-amb ag-sh≈ kw`-c-W-hn-X-cWD]-tbm-K-Øn-eqsS lcn-X-hn-π-h-tam,[h-f-hn-π-h-tam, t]mse Hcp \oe-hn-πhw Xs∂ (blue revolution) \m´n¬krjvSn-°-s∏-St´ F∂v Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p∂p, Biw-kn-°p-∂p.

Ccp- co-Xn-Iƒ XΩn-ep≈ Xmc-X-ayw.

30 BKÃv 2011

hnI-k\w F∂pw Hcp N¿®m-hn-j-b-am-Wv. F¥mWv hnI-k\w F∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v A`n-{]mb sFIyw Cs√-¶nepw hnI-k\ IpXn∏pw hnI-k\apc-Sn∏pw cmjv{Sob kwhm-Z-ß-fn¬ÿnc-ambn CSw ]nSn -°p -∂p -≠v.Fs¥√mw A`n-{]mb n∂-X-I-fp-s≠-¶nepw IqSp-X¬ tdmUp-Iƒ, \√tdmUp-Iƒ, IqSp-X¬ hml-\-߃

hml\s∏cp-∏hpw

]m¿°nwKv \bhpw

hml\s∏cp-∏hpw

]m¿°nwKv \bhpw

F∂nh hnI-k-\-Øns‚ Zriy kqN-I-ß-fm-bmWv hen-sbmcp hn`mKw IW-°m-°p-∂-Xv.

sSd-kv hoSpw Imdpw {^nUvPpw]Wap≈-h\p e`n-®m¬ \m´n¬hnI-k-\-am-sb-t∂m¿Øp \S-°p∂

hnhcw sIt´msc\mSn-∂-]-I-S-amWo Nn¥m-KXn,

AXp a\- n-en-cp-t∂ms´

F∂v ]≠p Ipsd ]cn-j-Øp-Im¿]mSn \S-s∂-¶nepw tdmUpw ImdpwXs∂-bmWv C∂pw hnI-k-\w.

kmº-ØnI amμyw an° taJ-e-I-sfbpw _m[n-®-t∏mƒ mcX k¿°m¿\S-∏m-°nb amμy-hn-cp≤ ]mt°-Pp-I-fn¬ ap¥nb ]cnKW\ e`n-®Xvhml\ hyh-km -b -Øn -\m -Wv .s]m∂n\pw aÆn\pw ]Xn-∑-Sßv hne

hnI-k\ws{]m^. ]n.sI. cho-{μ≥

kmº-ØnI amμyw an° taJ-e-I-sfbpw _m[n-®-t∏mƒ `mcX k¿°m¿ \S-∏m-°nb amμy-hn-cp≤ ]mt°-Pp-I-fn¬ ap¥nb ]cnKW\ e`n-®Xv hml\ hyh-km-b-Øn-\m-Wv. s]m∂n\pw aÆn\pw ]Xn-∑-Sßv hne h¿[n-®-t∏mƒ hml\ hne-bn¬ kam-\-amb hne h¿≤-\hv A\p- -h-s∏- n-√. Ccp-N-{I-hm-l-\-ßfpwtamt´m¿ Imdp-Ifpw CS-Ø-c-°m-c\v Isø-Øm-hp∂ Db-c-Øn-em-bn. A©p-h¿j-°m-e-b-f-hp-sIm≠v hml-\-ß-fpsS FÆw Cc- n-bmbn h¿[n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.

imkv{X-KXn 31

h¿[n-®-t∏mƒ hml\ hne-bn¬ kam-\-amb hne h¿≤-\hv A\p-`-h-s∏-´n-√. Ccp-N-{I-hm-l-\-ßfpw tamt´m¿Imdp-Ifpw CS-Ø-c-°m-c\v Isø-Øm-hp∂ Db-c-Øn-em-bn. CS-Ø-c-°m¿°vap≥Xq -°-ap≈ tIcfwt]mep≈kwÿm-\Øv CXv {]I-S-ambn A\p- -h-s∏-´p. A©p-h¿j-°m-e-b-f-hp-sIm≠v hml-\-ß-fpsS FÆw GI-tZiw Cc- n-bmbn h¿[n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.tamt´m¿ hml-\-ß-fpsS samØwFÆw 2006 am¿®v 31-˛se 35.58 e£-Øn¬\n∂v 2011 am¿®v Bb-t∏m-tg°v60.39 e£w Bbn h¿[n-®p. kzImcyD]-tbm-K-Øn-\p≈ tamt´m¿ Imdp-I-fpsS FÆw 4.98 e£-Øn¬\n∂v 10.54e£-am-bmWv h¿[n-®-Xv; 112 iX-am-\w.A©p-h¿jw sIm≠v hml-\-ß-fpsSFÆ-Øn-ep-≠mb h¿[\ ]´nI 1¬ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

70 e£w IpSpw-_-ß-fp≈ tIc-f-Øn¬ 60.39 e£w tamt´m¿ hml-\-ß-fp-≠v. CXn¬ 10.54 e£w kzImcyBh-iy-Øn-\p≈ Imdp-I-fm-Wv. 15.06iX-am\w IpSpw-_-߃°pw kz¥wBh-iy-Øn-\p≈ Im¿ D≠v F∂vA\p-am-\n-°mw. CXv kmº-ØnI ]ptcm-K-Xn-bp-sSbpw kar-≤n-bp-sSbpw kqN-I-ambn IW-°m-°p∂hcp-ap -≠v.kzImcy Bh-iy-Øn-\p-]-tbm-Kn-°p∂Po∏p-Iƒ IqSn IW-°n-se-Sp-Øm¬hml-\-kwJy 11.32 e£-am-Ipw. CXvsamØw IpSpw-_-ß-fpsS 16.17 iX-am-\-am-Wv. s]mXp KXm-K-X-kw-hn-[m\whf-cm-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw kzImcy hml-\-ß-ƒ s]cp-Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂-XmWvChnsS kw -hn-°p-∂-Xv.

Cu hf¿®-bpsS Zqjy- -e-ß-fn¬{][m\w h¿[n-®p-h-cp∂ tdmU-]-I-S-ßfpw {][m\ hoYn-I-fnse {Sm^nIvtªm°p-I-fp-am-Wv. t^mkn¬ C‘-\-ß-fpsS AanX D]-tbmKw aqe-ap-≠m-Ip∂ hmbp aen-\o-I-c-W-Øn\pw CXvCS-h-cp-Øp-∂p-≠v. hml-\-ß-fpsSFÆ-Øn-ep-≠m-Ip∂ h¿[-\-hn-\-\p-k-cn®v tdmUns‚ \of-Ønepw hoXn-bnepwhyXym-k-ap-≠m-Ip-∂n-√. tIc-f-Øn¬173592 In.-ao. tdmUp-I-fm-Wp-≈-Xv.samØw qhn-kvXr-Xn-bp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-Øn-bm¬ CXv N.-In.-ao-‰-dn\v 4.47 In.-ao. BWv. tZiob icm-i-cn-bpsS \mep-

߃°v k©-cn-°m≥ Ign-bmØ kml-Ncyw D≠m-hmsX hø. tIc-f-ØnsesNdpXpw hep-Xp-amb \K-c-ßfpw \Kckz`m-h-am¿Pn®p XpS-ßnb ]©m-b-Øp-Ifpw CØ-c -Øn¬ ""izmkw -ap´n''s°m≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

Xnc-t°-dnb ÿe-ß-fn¬, {]tXy-In®pw \K-c-ß-fn¬ hml-\-X-S wD≠m-Ip-∂-Xns‚ {][m-\-Im-cWwtdmUn¬ hml-\-߃ ]m¿°p sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv. hmWnPy ÿm]-\-߃,A∏m¿´p-sa‚p-Iƒ, HmUn-t‰m-dn-b-߃,Bcm-[-\m-e-b-߃ Ch-bvs°m-∂pw-Xs∂ hml-\-߃ ]m¿°p sNøp-∂-Xn-\p≈ kuI-cy-ß-fn-√. 1999 hsc]m¿°nwKv kuIcyw A{X Kuc-h-ap≈ Imcy-ambn sI´nS \n¿amW N´-ß-fn¬ ]cn-K-Wn-®n-cp-∂n-√. Ct∏mƒsI´n-S-Øns‚ Xchpw hen-∏hpw A\p-k-cn®v ]m¿°nwKv kuI-cy-߃ \nb-a-{]-Imcw \n¿_-‘-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v.F∂m¬ sI´nS \n¿amW A\p-aXnhmßp-tºmƒ ]m¿°nwKv Gcn-b-bmbn

ImWn-°p∂ ÿew ]n∂oSv a‰m-h-iy-߃°p-]-tbm-Kn-°p-Ibpw hml-\-߃tdmUn¬ ]m¿°p sNøp-Ibpw BWv

sI´nS DS-a-Iƒ sNøp-∂-Xv. CXns‚^e-ambn hmWnPy ÿm]-\-߃,kn\n-am-im-e-Iƒ, HmUn-t‰m-dn-b-߃,

A∏m¿´p-sa‚p-Iƒ, Bcm-[-\m-e-b-߃F∂n-h-bn-se-Øp-∂-h-cpsS hml-\-߃ ]cn-k-c-ß-fn¬ Xs∂ tdmUn¬

Xeßpw hneßpw ]m¿°p sNbvXn-cn-°p∂ ImgvN-bmWv Fßp-ap-≈-Xv.tdmUv kzImcy hml-\-߃ ]m¿°vsNøm-\p≈XmsW∂pw AXn-\mWvX߃ hml\ \nIpXn \¬Ip-∂-sX-∂p-amWv qcn-]£w hml\ DS-a-Ifpw

]´nI 1

2006 epw 2011 epw tIc-f-Øn¬ cPn-kvt{S-j-\p≈ hml-\-ß-fpsS FÆw

tamt´m¿Im¿ tamt´m¿ Hmt´m-dn£ BsI

kzImcy Bhiyw ssk°nƒ (]m-k-©¿) hml-\-߃

2006 4.98 e£w 20.99- e£w 3.42 e£w 35.58 e£w

2011 10.54 e£w 35.93 e£w 5.18 e£w 60.39 e£w

a-S-ßn¬ IqSp-X-em-Wn-Xv. h\-`qan Hgn-hm°n tdmUp-km-{μX IW-°m-°n-bm¬ Nn.-In.-ao-‰-dn\v 6.18 In.-ao-‰¿ F∂IW-°mWp In´p-I. CXv hfsc henbtdmUp km{μ-X-bm-Wv. C\nbpw tdmUp-Iƒ km[y-am-ImØ Ah-ÿ-bm-Wp-≈-sX-∂p-km-cw.

samØw tdmUn¬ 70.42 iX-am\wAXm-bXv 122232 In.-ao. ]©m-bØptdmUp-I-fm-Wv. 16.25 iX-am\w hcp∂]n.-Uªnbp.Un tdmUp-Ifpw F´p ao‰-tdmfw am{Xw hoXn-bp≈hbm-Wv.tZiob ]mX-bpsS hoXn kw_-‘n-®p≈ X¿°-ßfpw kPo-h-ambn \ne-\n¬°p-I-bm-Wv. tdmUp-Iƒ hoXnIq´pI F∂Xv e£-°-W-°n\v IpSpw-_-ß-sfbpw I®-h-S-ÿm-]-\-ß-sfbpwIpSn-sbm-gn-∏n-®p-sIm≠p am{Xta km[y-am-Iq. C°q- sc am\y-ambn ]p\-c-[n-h-kn-∏n-°pI {]mtbW Akm-[y-am-sW∂ Xncn-®-dn-hmWv tdmUp hnI-k\w ChnsS hgn-ap-´p∂ Ah-ÿ-bn-se-Øp-∂-Xn\p Imc-Ww. ]©m-bØptdmUp-I-fn¬ alm- q-cn-]-£hpw Hmt´m-dn-£-Iƒ°p k©-cn-°m≥ ]mI-Øn¬aq∂p-ao-‰-dn¬ Xmsg hoXn-bn¬ D≠m-°n-b-h-bm-Wv. IqSp-X¬ tdmUp-I-fp-≠m-°mt\m tdmUp-I-fpsS ImtcyPv thh¿[n-∏n-°mt\m Ign-bmsX hml\km{μX Cc-´n-bm-°n-bm¬ hml-\-

32 BKÃv 201132

Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. hml-\-\n-IpXntdmUn-eqsS hml\w HmSn-°p-∂-Xn-\mWv; hml\w ]m¿°p sNøp-∂-Xn-\-√. tdmU-cp-Intem {]tXy-I-ambn k÷-am-°nb ]m¿°nwKv ÿe-ß-fntem \nb-am-\p-krXw okp \¬In hml-\-߃]m¿°v sNøm-\p≈ kwhn-[m-\-amWvD≠m-t°-≠-Xv. ]m¿°v sNøm-hp∂ÿe-ßfpw ]m¿°v sNø-cp-XmØÿe-ßfpw {]tXyIw AS-bm-f-s∏-SpØn \nb-{¥n-°p-Ibpw thWw.

tdmUp-I-fpsS DS-a-ÿ-X, ]cn-]m-e\ Npa -Xe F∂h hyXykvXGP≥kn-Iƒ°mWv F∂Xv Hcp GIo-IrX kwhn-[m\w Bhn-jvI-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v XS- -am-Wv. hml\ KXm-KXw\nb-{¥n-°p∂ GP≥kn-Iƒ (B¿.-Sn.-F.bpw t]meo-kpw) tdmUv ]cn-]m-e-\-hp-ambn _‘-an-√mØhcp-am-Wv. C°m-c-W-ß-fm¬ Nn´-bmb Hcp ]m¿°nwKv\bw \S-∏m-°m≥ GsX-¶nepw HcpGP≥knsb Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xp-≠v. CXv _‘-s∏´ \K-c-k- -bm-Ip-∂-XmWv \√-Xv. AØ-c-Øn-emWv k¿°m-cns‚ \b-tc-J-bn¬ Npa-Xe \¬Inbn-´p-≈-Xv. ]m¿°nw-Kn\v {]tXyI ÿe-߃ kz¥-ambn Is≠Øn kuIcywkrjvSn-®p-sIm-Sp-°pI F∂Xv \K-c-k--bpsS Npa-X-e-bm-Wv. kzImcy kwcw-

`-Isc C°m-cy-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-SpØn]m¿°nwKv kuIcyw h¿[n-∏n-°p-IbpwsNøm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. tdmU-cnInse]m¿°nwKv \nb-{¥W hnt[-b-am-°-Ww.

Fhn-sS -sb√mw ]m¿°p sNømwFhnsS ]m¿°p sNø-cpXv F∂nhBh-iy-amb ]T-\-ß-fpsS klm-b-tØmsS Xocp-am-\n-°-Ww. P\-ß-fp-sSbpw hml-\-ß-fp-sSbpw kpK-a-ambk©m-c-Øn\v XS w hcmØ coXn-bn-em-IWw CXv. {]tXyI ]m¿°nwKv Gcn-b-bn-te-Xp-t]mse tdmU-cnIn¬ \n›-bn-°p∂ ÿe-ß-fnepw ]m¿°p sNøp-∂Xn\v ^okv G¿s∏-Sp-Øntb ]‰q.an° hmWnPy kvYm]-\߃°pw(tlm´-ep-Ifpw kq∏¿ am¿°-‰p-I-fp-apƒs∏sS) ]m¿°nwKv kuIcyw C√.sI´nS \n¿amW πm\n¬ ]m¿°nw-Kn\pImWn-®n-cp∂ ÿew ASp-°-ftbmtÃmtdm B°n am‰n-bn-cn-°pw. HmUn-t‰m-dn-b-ß-fp-sSbpw Bcm-[-\m-e-b-ß-fp-sSbpw kn\n-am-im-e-I-fp-sS-t]mepwAhÿ CXm-Wv. Xß-fpsS ÿm]-\-Øns‚ ap≥h-isØ \S-∏m-XbpwtdmUpw Xß-fp-tS-Xm-sW-∂mWv IS-bp-S-a-ÿ-cpsS mhw. AhnsS apgp-h≥ ka-bhpw kz¥w hml\w ]m¿°p sNøp-Ibpw ""A\y-hm-l-\-߃'' A\p-h-Zn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. ÿm]-\-ß-fpsS ap≥h-isØ tdmUn¬]m¿°nwKv \nb-{¥n-°m≥ kz¥w""skIyq-cn‰n Poh-\-°msc'' C°q-´¿\ntbm-Kn-°p-∂p-ap-≠v. CsXmcp ""kam-¥c {Sm^nIv t]meokm''Wv. Xß-fpsSbP-am-\-∑m¿°p-th≠n tdmUp ItødnIogvs]-Sp-Øm≥ \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏- n- p-≈-h¿ Cu kwhn-[m\w Ah-km-\n-∏nt®]‰q. IS-bpsS ap≥h-isØ tdmUpws]mXp-]-W-ap-]-tbm-Kn®v k¿°mtcm\K-c-k- tbm hnI-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-Ø-Xm-Wv.AXp-]-tbm-Kn-°-W-sa-¶n¬ "hmSI'\¬tI-≠-Xp-≠v. bYm¿∞-Øn¬hml\w D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ ÿe-Øn\vam¿°‰p \nc-°n¬ e`y-am-tI≠ hmS-I-bmWv ]m¿°nwKv okmbn hmtß-≠-Xv. CXn¬ Ipd-hmWv ]m¿°nwKv^okmbn hkq¬ sNøp-∂-sX-¶n¬AXv kzImcy hml\ DS-abv°vk_vknUn \¬Ip-∂-Xn\v Xpey-am-Wv.kzImcy hml\ DS-a-I-fpw, Hmt´m,SmIvkn, tÃPv Imtcy-Pp-Iƒ F∂n-hbpw k¿°m-cn¬ \nt∂m \Kc k`-I-fn¬\nt∂m k_vknUn A\p-`-hn-°p∂p F∂Xv Xncn-®-dn-tb-≠-Xp-≠v.F√m-Øcw k_vkn-Un-Iƒ°p-sa-XnschmNm-e-cm-Ip∂hcmWv Ch-cn¬ alm-`q-cn-]-£-hp-sa-∂Xv Hcp hntcm-[m- m-k-am-Wv.

\K-c-k-`-Iƒ°v hcp-am\w e`n-°p-sa-∂-Xn-\p-]cn hml-\-K-Xm-KXw kpK-a-am-°m≥ CXv klm-bn-°pw. P\-ßsfIpd-®p-IqSn DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-ap-≈-hcpwkmaqly Pohn-I-fp-am-°m-\pw.

]m¿°nw-Kn\v {]tXyIÿe-߃ kz¥-ambnIs≠Øn kuIcywkrjvSn-®p-sIm-Sp-°pIF∂Xv \K-c-k-`-bpsSNpa-X-e-bm-Wv. kzImcykwcw- -Isc C°m-cy-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-SpØn]m¿°nwKv kuIcywh¿[n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. tdmU-cnInse ]m¿°nwKv \nb-{¥W hnt[-b-am-°-Ww.P\-ß-fp-sSbpw hml-\-ß-fp-sSbpw kpK-a-ambk©m-c-Øn\v XS whcmØ coXn-bn-em-IWwCXv. {]tXyI ]m¿°nwKvGcn-b-bn-te-Xp-t]msetdmU-cnIn¬ \n›-bn-°p∂ ÿe-ß-fnepw]m¿°p sNøp-∂Xn\v^okv G¿s∏-Sp-Øntb]‰q.

imkv{X-KXn 3333

\ΩpsS hnZym-e-b-ß-fn¬ imkv{X-]-T\w icn-bmb coXn-bn-emsWm \S-°p-∂Xv? tZiob imkv{X hnZym-`ymk{]Z¿i-\-tØm-S-\p-_-‘n®v GXm\pwanI® imkv{X hnZym¿∞n-I-fp-ambnkw`m-jWw \S-Øp-I-bp -≠m-bn.AXns‚ hni-Zmw-i-ß-fmWv Rm\n-hnsShnh-cn-°m≥ t]mIp-∂-Xv. imkv{XhnZym- ym-k-Øns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ \ΩpsScmjv{S-Øns‚ Ah-ÿ-sb-¥m-sW∂vCXn¬\n∂v hy‡-am-Ipw.

imkv{X hnZym- ym-k-Øns‚

Ahÿm hnti-j-߃

hyXykvX Xc-Øn-ep≈ acp-∂p-I-sf-°p-dn®v {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂ hn⁄m-\-{]-Z-amb Hcp t{]mP-IvSmWv Hcp Iq´whnZym¿∞n-Iƒ D≠m-°n-s°m-≠p-h-∂n-cp-∂-Xv. ]e-X-c-Øn-ep≈ acp-∂p-I-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ amXr-I-Iƒ {]Z¿in-∏n-®n-cp-∂p. Cw•o-jn¬ BI¿j-I-amb coXn-bn¬ acp-∂p-I-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ hni-Zmw-i-߃ Xbm-dm-°n-s°m-≠p-h-∂n-cp-∂p.lnμn-bnepw \√ coXn-bn¬ dnt∏m¿´vXbm-dm°n sIm≠ph∂n-cp-∂p.

Ah-cpsS dnt∏m¿´n-eqsS H∂vItÆm-Sn-®-Xn-\p-tijw Rm\-h-tcmSvtNmZn-®p˛ ""Cu acp-∂p-Iƒ \√-Xm-sW∂v \n߃s°-ßs\ hnhcwIn´n?'' ""CXv \√-Xm-sW∂v Rm≥Xm¶ƒ°p-d∏p Xcp-∂p, Fs∂ hniz-kn°mw''˛Hcp hnZym¿∞n ]d-™p.

""Fßs\ a\- n-embn \√-Xm-sW∂v?''˛Rm≥ tNmZn-®p.

""B hy‡n ]d™p \√-Xm-sW-∂v-'' -t]m-Ã-dnse Hcp t^mt´m Nq≠n-

hnZym- ymkwsIbv≥ sslsUm°v

tNmZy-߃ tNmZn-°p-∂-Xn\pw ]co-£-W-˛-\n-co-£-W-߃ \SØn AXn-s\-°p-dn®v Nn¥n®v ]pXnb imkv{Xob coXn-Iƒ hnI-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-°m≥ t{]c-I-am-hp-∂-XmtWm \ΩpsS hnZym- ymkw? CXv hnZym¿∞n-I-fn¬ imkv{Xob k{º-Zm-b-ß-sf-°p-dn®v IqSp-X¬ XmXv]-cy-hpw, Pm{K-Xbpw P\n-∏n-°psam? hni-I-e\wsNøp-∂-Xn\pw bYm¿∞ PohnX {]iv\-ßsf A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\pw,XcWw sNøp-∂-Xn-\p-ap≈ Ignhv h¿[n-∏n-°m≥ klm-b-I-c-am-Ipsam?

34 BKÃv 2011

°m´n B hnZym¿∞n ]d-™p. ""F¥p-sIm-≠mWmhy‡n-bn¬ hnizm-k-a¿∏n-®Xv?''

""Hcp kv{XobpsS c≠v InUv\n-Ifpw{]h¿Ø\ cln-X-am-bn. Ah¿ Cuacp∂v Ign®v kpJ-s∏-´-Xmbn Bhy‡n Rß-tfmSv ]d™p-'' as‰mcphnZym¿∞n hni-Zo-I-cn-®p.

""icn, Cu acp∂v Ign-®-Xns\XpS¿∂v B kv{Xo kpJ-s∏-´p. \√Imcyw. F∂m-eXv \n߃s°-ß-s\-b-dnbmw? C\n Ah¿ Cu acp∂v Ign-®n-cp-∂n-s√-¶n-sem, At∏m-sf¥v kw`-hn°pw? Hcp ]s£ Cu acp∂v Ign-®n-cp-∂n-s√-¶nepw Ah¿ kpJ-s∏- n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n-sem-''-Rm-s\mcp X¿°-Øn\vXpS-°-an- p.

""C√ Ah¿ acn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p.InUv\n am‰n hbv°p-I-b-√msX as‰mcpam¿K-hp-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p.''

""AXv \nß-sf-ß-s\-b-dn-™pAh¿ Cu acp∂v Ign-®n-cp∂p F∂v,C\n Ah¿ Cu acp∂v Ign-®n-cp-∂n√F∂v hbv°p-I. F¶n-e-h¿s°¥vkw`-hn-°p-am-bn-cp∂p F∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v \n߃s°-s¥-¶nepw Adn -bmsam?''

""Ah¿ ac-W-s∏-Sp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-cpsS saUn-°¬ dnt∏m¿´n¬ AØ-c-Øn-ep≈ kqN-\-I-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.''

""icn-bmWv saUn-°¬ dnt∏m¿´n¬Fgp-Xn-bn-cp-∂p.'' as‰mcp hnZym¿∞nklm-b-Øn-s\-Øn.

""AsXmcp tUmIvS-dpsS dnt∏m¿´m-bn-cp-∂p.''˛th-sdmcp hnZym¿∞n ]d-™p.- F¥m tUmIvS¿°v sX‰v ]‰n-°qsS?˛Rm≥ tNmZn-®p.

""C√ Aßs\ kw`-hn -°n -√.Xm¶ƒ°v Rßsf hniz-kn-°mw. Cuacp∂v \√-XmWv''˛A-h-cn-sem-cmƒ ]d-™p.

""Fs∂ ]d™p a\- n-em-°m≥{ian-°q, Rm≥ hnizkn-°mw. Imc-W-߃ IrXy-ambn ]d-bq. Cu acp∂vIgn-®-Xns\ XpS¿∂v Hcp kv{Xo kpJ-s∏´p F∂v \n߃ ]d-bp-∂p. F∂m¬Cu acp∂v Ign-®n´pw F{X t]¿°vAkpJw amdn-bn-´n√ F∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v \n߃°v hnh-c-apt≠m? HcptcmKn kpJ-s∏-Sp-tºm-tg°pw Hcp acp-∂n¬ ]q¿W hnizm-k-a¿∏n-°m-\m-hptam? \n߃ Hcp imkv{X-⁄-\m-sW-¶n¬ Cu acp∂v \√sXmNoØsbm F∂v Fß-s\-bmWv sXfn-bn-°pI?''

Ah¿ anSp-°-cmb hnZym¿∞n-I-fm-sW∂ Imcy-Øn¬ F\n°v kwi-b-an-√. Cu t{]mPIvSn-\p-th≠n Ah¿Iptd-tbsd an\-s°-´n-cp-∂p. Hcp]mSvhnh-c-ßfpw tiJ-cn-®n-cp-∂p. cmPysØG‰hpw anI® imkv{X-hn-Zym¿∞n-I-fmbn sXc-s™-Sp-Ø-h-cpsS Iq -Øn-ep-≈-h-cm-bn-cp∂p Ah¿. F∂m¬ Ah¿imkv{Xw ]Tn-®n-cp-∂pshm? imkv{XobcoXn-Isf°pdn®v th≠{X [mcWAh¿°p -≠m -bn -cp -∂n -s√ -∂mWvF\n°v tXm∂n-b-Xv. X߃ ]pkvX-I-ßfn¬ ]Tn-°p∂ Imcy-ß-fn¬ tNmZy-߃ tNmZn -°-W-sa∂ hnNmcwAh¿°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. tNmZy-ß-fp-∂-bn-°p-∂-Xn-s‚-bpw, {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn-te¿s∏-Sp -∂-Xn -s‚bpw t]cmWvimkv{Xw. CXn-eqsS tNmZy-߃°vDØcw e`n-°p-∂p.

imkv{Xw tIhew hnh-c-ß-fp-sSbpw hnh¿Ø-\-ß-fp-sSbpw t]c-√.imkv{Xob coXn-b-\p-k-cn®psIm≠mWv\ΩpsS At\z-jWw ]ptcm-K-an-°p-∂-Xv. AXv ]pXnb tNmZy-߃ Db¿Øp-∂p. AXv Hcp A\p-am-\-Øn-te°pwI≠p-]n-Sp-Ø-Øn-te°pw \bn-°p-∂p.kn≤m-¥-Øns‚ t]mj-W-Øn-\mbn\Ωƒ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fnepw ]co-£-W-ß-fnepw G¿s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.Cu ]co-£-W-߃°pti-j-amWv \Ω-f-Xns‚ e-kn≤n hni-I-e\w sNøp-

imkv{Xw tIhew hnh-c-ß-fp-sSbpw hnh¿Ø-\-ß-fp-sSbpw t]c-√.imkv{Xob coXn-b-\p-k-cn®psIm≠mWv \ΩpsSAt\z-jWw ]ptcm-K-an-°p-∂-Xv. AXv ]pXnbtNmZy-߃ Db¿Øp-∂p.AXv Hcp A\p-am-\-Øn-te°pw I≠p-]n-Sp-Ø-Øn-te°pw \bn-°p-∂p.kn≤m-¥-Øns‚ t]mj-W-Øn-\mbn \Ωƒ{]h¿Ø-\-ß-fnepw ]co-£-W-ß-fnepw G¿s∏- p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.

imkv{X-KXn 35

∂-Xv. ]n∂oSv Hcp A¥na Xocp-am-\-Øn-se-Øp-∂p.

]co-£-W-ß-fn-te¿s∏-Sp-tºmƒ\nc-h[n tNmZy-ß-tfbpw {]iv\-ß-tfbpw A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-t°-≠n-h-cpw.imkv{Xo-bm-t\z-jW {]{Inb Hcp]s£ ho≠pw ]p\x-]-cn-tim-[-\-Iƒ°pw ]co-£-W-߃°pw hnt[-b-am-t°≠n ht∂-°mw. Cßs\ t\m°n-bm¬ imkv{Xw I≠p-]n-Sp-Ø-ß-fpsS{]{In-b-bm-Wv. Cu coXn-bn-enXv ck-I-chpw D]-tbm-K-{]-Z-hp-am-Wv. imkv{Xob\S-]-Sn-{Iaw A{X {]bm-k-I-c-amb coXn-sbm-∂p-a-√. AXn\v h¿j-߃ \o≠p-\n¬°p∂ Hu]-Nm-cnI ]T-\hpwD∂X k¿h-I-em-im-e-I-fnse _ncp-Z-ßfpw Bh-iy-an-√. Hcp sIm®v Ip™vFß-s\-bmWv ]Tn-°p-∂Xv F∂v \nco-£n®p t\m°q. Adn-bm-sX-bm-sW-¶nepw imkv{Xob-coXn Ah-ew-_n-°p-∂-Xmbn ImWmw. Hcp DZm-l-c-W-sa-Sp-Øm¬, Hcp sIm®p-Ip™v Nen-°p∂Fs¥-¶nepw hkvXp Is≠-∂n-cn-°-s´.ap∂-\p-`-h-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬Nen-°p∂ hkvXp Poh-\p≈ {]mWn-bm-sW∂v Ip™n\dnbmw. GsX-¶nepw]pgp-hm-Imw. AXn-\m¬ Cu k©-cn-°p∂ hkvXp-hns\ Ip´n Hcp Pohn-bmbn ]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂p. Ip´n-bpsS ap∂-\p- -h-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ \nK-a-\-Øn-se-Øp∂p Cu Pohn Nen-°p∂pF∂v. Fs¥-∂m-eXv Nen-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂n-cp-∂p. AXp-sIm-≠nXpw Poh-\p-≈-Xm-Wv. Xs‚ \nK-a\w icn-bmsWmF∂-dn-bm-\p≈ At\z-j-W-Øns‚`mK-am-bp≈ ]co-£-W-Øn-te¿s∏-Sp-∂p. GsXmcp hkvXp-hn-t\bpw Aev]-t\cw am{Xw \nco-£n-°p-∂p, AXvNen-°p-∂tXm Nen-°m-ØtXm F∂-dn-bm-Xm-bn. AXv Nen-°p-∂-X√ F∂pa\- n-em-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ Cu \nco-£-W-Øns‚ km-[pXzw tNmZyw sNø-s∏-Smw. Hcp hSn-sb-SpØv AXns\Cf°n t\m°m≥ Xocp-am-\n-°p-∂p.Poh-\p≈ {]mWn A]-I-Sm-h-ÿ-bn¬HmSn c£-s∏-Spw. Cu Xocp-am\w Xs∂ap∂-\p-`-h-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-sW-Sp-°p-∂-Xv. Cu ]co-£-W-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ hSn-sIm≠v AXns\ IpØnCf°n t\m°m≥ Xocp-am-\n-°p-∂p.Aßs\ AXv Hcp ]s£ Poh-\p≈{]mWn-bm-Im-sa∂ Xocp-am-\-Øn-se-Øp-∂p. F∂m¬ hSn-sIm-≠-Sn-®-t∏m-gm-Is´AXv Nen-°p-∂n-√. Ip´n-bpsS Cu{]hr-Øn-Iƒ {i≤n-®n-cp∂ ]nXmhvAtßm´v sN∂v "CXv Hcp ac-°-jvW-am-sW∂v' Ip´n-tbmSv ]d-bp-∂p. F∂m-e-Xn-s\-°p-dn®pw Ip´n kwi-b-ß-fp-∂-bn-°p-∂p. AXn-s\-°p-dn®pw ]co-£-W-߃ \S-Øp-∂-Xn-\mbn CXp-t]m-se-

bp≈ a‰v hkvXp-°-sf-°p-dn®pw At\z-jn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

Cu Ip´n ]Tn-°p∂ coXn kvIqfp-I-fnse hnZym¿∞n-I-fpsS ]T\ k{º-Zm-b-hp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øn-bmsem?C∂sØ ImeØv anI® imkv{X-hn-Zym¿∞n-t]mepw Xs‚ hnj-b-hp-ambn_‘-s∏´ tNmZy-߃ tNmZn-°p-∂n-√.]pkvX-I-Øn-se-gp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂XpwA[ym-]-I-cpw, apXn¿∂-hcpw ]d-bp-∂Xpw am{Xw hniz-kn-°m≥ Xbm-dm-Ip-∂p.

imkv{X-{]-Z¿i-\-Øn\p h∂hnZym¿∞n-I-tfmSv Rm≥ kwkm-cn-®p.saUn-°¬ dnt∏m¿´p-t]m-ep≈ B[n-Im-cnI tcJ-I-sf-°p-dn®v tNmZy-ß-fp-∂-bn -°m≥ ]mSn -s√ -∂mWv BhnZym¿∞n-Iƒ [cn®p h®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.imkv{X-Im-c≥ ]co-£-W-ß-fn-te¿s∏-Sp-tºmƒ Fßs\? F¥p-sIm≠v?F∂n-ßs\ Xmc-X-ay-Øns‚ km[y-X-I-fp-]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-sh-s∂m∂pwAh¿°-dn -bn -√. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\vimkv{X-Im-c≥ Hcp Iq´w tcmKn-Iƒs°mcp acp∂p \¬Ip-∂p. F∂m-etX tcmK-ap≈ as‰mcp kwL-Øn\vthsdmcp acp-∂mWv \¬Ip-∂-Xv.F∂n´v Hmtcm kwL-Ønepw Cuacp∂v Fß-s\-bmWv {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-sX∂v \nco-£n®v ]Tn-°p-∂p.

\nco -£Ww \S -ØptºmgpwAf∂p Xn´-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºm-gp-sams°sX‰p-Iƒ kw -hn-°m-sa-∂p≈ km[y-Xbpw hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ ]cn-K-Wn-®n-√.H∂n-e-[nIw ]co-£-W-ß-fpsS Bh-iy-I-X-bp-a-h¿ IW-°n-se-Sp-Øn-√.CXn-\p-]-Icw sIm®p-Ip´n Adn-bm-sX-bm-sW-¶n¬ IqSn H∂n-e-[nIw ]co-£-W-ß-fpsS Bh-iy-IX a\- n-em-°n-bn- p≠v. \nco-£-W- -]-co-£-W-ß-sfm-gn-hm°n X߃ ]d-bp-∂-X-ß-\p-k-cn-®m¬ aXn F∂v apXn¿∂-hsc [cn-∏n®pImWn-√. CØcw Ip´n-Iƒ kvIqfn-se-Øn-bm¬ F¥mWv kw -hn-°pI? Ch-cn¬ tNmZy-߃ tNmZn-°p-∂-Xn\pw]co-£-W-˛-\n-co-£-W-߃ \SØnAXn-s\-°p-dn®v Nn¥n®v ]pXnbimkv{Xob coXn-Iƒ hnI-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-°m≥ t{]c-I-am-hp-∂-XmtWm \ΩpsShnZym-`ymkw? CXv hnZym¿∞n-I-fn¬imkv{Xob k{º-Zm-b-ß-sf-°p-dn®v IqSp-X¬ XmXv]-cy-hpw, Pm{K-Xbpw P\n-∏n-°psam? hni-I-e\w sNøp-∂-Xn\pwbYm¿∞ PohnX {]iv\-ßsf A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\pw, XcWw sNøp-∂-Xn-\p-ap≈ Ignhv h¿[n-∏n-°m≥ klm-b-I-c-am-Ipsam?

hnh¿Ø\w:hn.-sI. Pbv tkma-\m-Y≥

hm¿jnI hcn-kwJy200 cq]

hni-Z-hn-h-c-߃°v

amt\-PnwKv FUn-‰¿

bpdo°]cn-jZv h≥, Nme-∏pdw

tImgn-t°mSv - 673002t^m¨: 0495 2701919

Ip™p-a-\- p-Iƒs°mcpNßm-Xn...

bpdo°ssZzhm-cnI

36 BKÃv 2011

hnZym- ymkw hnZym¿∞n-tI-{μo-Ir-X-am-b-Xns‚ KpW- -e-߃ A°m-Z-anIvcwKsØ anI-hn-te°v \bn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. \nc-¥-c-aq-ey-\n¿Wb{]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn-eqsS ¢mkvdq-ap-IsfPoh- p‰ At\z-j-W-a-WvU-e-ambn ]cn-h¿Øn-∏n-°m≥ Gsd-°psd Ign-™n- p-ap-≠v. ]t£ h¿jm-h¿jw Ip´n-Isf]pd-Øm-°p-Ibpw tXm¬∏n-°p-IbpwsNøp∂ s]mXp-]-co£m k{º-Zm-b-ß-fn¬ henb am‰sam∂pw D≠m-bn- n-√. ]co-£sb kw_-‘n-®v - ˛k-a-bw, okv ]cn-K-W-\, kvtIm¿ F∂n-h-bn¬ \S-∏n-em-°p∂ ]cn-jvIm-c-߃,coXn-im-kv{X-߃ Ct∏mgpw hnZym¿∞n-I-fn-te°v apI-fn¬\n∂v hnt£-]n-°p∂A[n-Im-c-I-ev]-\-I-fm-bmWv \ne-\n¬°p-∂-Xv. P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s‚bpw kzbw

h¨ s]mXp ]co£; AXns‚ \S-Øn-

∏v, Cw{]q-hvsa‚ v ]co-£-bn¬ \S-∏m-°nb

am‰-߃, kabw F∂n-hsb kw_-

‘n®v hnZym¿∞n-I-fpsS A`n-{]mbw

tiJ-cn-°¬.

3. Cw{]q-hvsa‚ v ]co-£-bn¬ hcp-

tØ≠ am‰-߃ kw_-‘n® \n¿t±-i-߃ ÿnco-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\v.

]T-\-coXnXriq¿ Pn√-bnse ap√-t»cn D]-Pn-

√-bn¬ \mev lb¿sk-°≥Udn kvIqfp-I-fm-Wp-≈-Xv. AXn¬ Hcp Kh-s◊‚ vlb¿sk-°≥Udn kvIqfpw aq∂vFbvUUv lb¿ sk°≥Udn kvIqfp-I-fp-am-Wv. Cu \mev hnZym-e-b-ß-fn¬2010- 11 A[y-b-\-h¿j-Ønse kb≥kv(420) tImtagvkv (320) lypam-\n-‰okv (250)

πkvh¨ Cw{]q-hvsa‚v ]co£

Hcp ]T\w

hnZym- ymkwssjeP F≥.

\n¿W-b-Øn-s‚bpw kmaq-ly-\o-Xn-bp-sSbpw ka-{K-hn-Xm-\-Øn-te°v hnZym- ym-ksØ kºq¿W-ambn Bhn-jvI-cn-°m≥ \ap°v Ign-tb≠Xt√?

πkv h¨ Cw{]q-hvsa‚ v ]co-£m-L-S-\, ^okv, kvtIm¿ ]cn-K-W-\,kabw F∂n-hsb kw_-‘n®vhnZym¿∞n-I-fpsS A n-{]mbw Bcm™v]co-£-sb-°p-dn®v kzX-{¥-amb A`n-{]mb tiJ-c-W-Øn-\mWv Cu ]T\we£y-an- -Xv.

]T-\-e-£y-߃

1. πkv h¨ ]co-£-bpsS am¿°vπkv Sp ]co-£-bpsS am¿°n-t\mSv

tN¿Øv ]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂Xv ]T-\sØ

F{X-am{Xw klm-bn-°p-∂p-≠v.

2. ]pXp-Xmbn G¿s∏-Sp-Ønb πkv

Ht´sd hnZym- ymk ]cn-jvIm-c-߃ \S-°p∂ Cu Ime-L- -Øn¬ Ip´n-I-fpsShyXy-kvX-amb A`n-{]m-b-߃ IqSn ]cn-K-Wn-t°-≠-Xp-s≠-∂mWv Cu ]T\why‡-am-°p-∂-Xv. {]tXy-In®pw lb¿ sk°≥Udn hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°v]co-£-sb-bpw, ]T-\-sØbpw Ipdn®v hy‡-amb A`n-{]m-b-߃Ds≠∂ Xncn-®-dnhv Cu ]T-\-Øn-eqsS e`n-®p

imkv{X-KXn 37

F∂n-ßs\ 990 c≠mw-h¿j lb¿sk°≥Udn hnZym¿∞n-I-fn¬\n∂pwsXc-s™-Sp-Ø-h-cmWv ]T\ kmºnƒ,kb≥kv, tImta-gvkv, lypam\n-‰okvF∂o aq∂v tImºn-t\-j-\p-I-fn¬ Hmtcm¢mkn¬\n∂pw 10 hnZym¿∞n-Isfdm≥Uambn Xnc-s™-Sp-ØmWv tNmZym-hen \¬In-b-Xv. CXn¬ tNmZym-hen]q¿Øn-bm°n \¬Inb hnZym¿∞n-I-fpsS FÆw kb≥kv- 80, tImta-gvkv- 50,lypam-\n-‰okv 45 F∂n-ßs\ 175 Ip´n-I-fm-Wv.

k¿sh-]s¶-SpØ kvIqfp-Iƒ

1. Kh. lb¿ sk°≥Udn kvIqƒap√-t»-cn.

2. F.-sF.F®v.F-kv.-F-kv. ]mSq¿

3. sk‚ v tPmk vkv F®v.-F-kv.-F-kv.-]m-h-d´n

4. Fw.-F.-F-kv.-Fw.-F-®v.-F-kv.-F-kv.sht∑-\mSv

Is≠-Ø-ep-Iƒ1. πkv h¨ s]mXp-]-co-£-bpsS

am¿°v πkvSp s]mXp ]co-£m-am¿°ns‚ IqsS ]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂Xv ]T-\sØ Fßs\ _m[n-°p∂p F∂tNmZy-Øn\v 175- ¬ 107 t]cpw A`n-{]m-b-s∏- Xv ]co£m kΩ¿±hpw ]co£m]T-\hpw \nc-¥c aqey-\n¿Wb{]h¿Ø-\-ßsf tZmj-I-c-ambn _m[n-°p∂p F∂m-Wv. AXm-bXv 61% t]¿.F∂m¬ Bg-Øn¬ ]Tn-°m\pw A∏-t∏mƒ Imcy-߃ {Kln-°m\pw DNn-X-am-bXv πkv h¨ am¿°v πkv Sp am¿°n-t\m-sSm∏w ]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂v 68(39%) hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ A`n-{]m-b-s∏- p.

2. Cw{]q-hvsa‚ v ]co£ GXv amkw\S-Ø-W-sa∂ tNmZy-Øn\v \mev {]Xn-I-c-W-߃ \¬In DNn-X-am-bXv sXc-s™-Sp-°m-\mWv Bh-iy-s∏- Xv. AXn¬sabvamkw Ah-km\w aXn F∂v A`n-{]m-b-s∏- Xv 56 (32%) hnZym¿∞n-I-fm-Wv.HmWw Ah-[n°ptijw aXn F∂- n-{]m-b-s∏- Xv 115 (66%) t]¿. Unkw-_¿ amk-Øn-emWv \√-sX-∂-`n-{]m-b-s∏-´-h¿Hcmƒ am{Xw. s^{_p-hcn˛am¿®v amk-ß-fn¬ aXn F∂- n-{]m-b-s∏- Xv 5 (2%)t]¿.

3. Cw{]q-hvsa‚ v ]co-£bv°v hnj-b-߃ ]cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-t\m-Sp≈A`n-{]mbw Fs¥∂ tNmZy-Øn\vDØcw e`n-®Xv Xmsg ]dbpw {]Im-c-am-Wv. hnj-b-߃ ]cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ c≠mw h¿j ]T-\-Øn¬ {i≤tI{μo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ km[n-°p-∂p. 38(22%) t]¿* hnj-b-߃ ]cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ hnZym¿∞n-I-fpsS Ah-kcw\ntj-[n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p 69 (39%) t]¿.*

F√m hnj-b-߃°pw Cw{]q-hvsa‚ vBh-iy-an√ 14 (8%) t]¿. * `mj-IƒHgn-hm°n F√m tIm¿ k_vP-IvSp-IfpwCw{]qhv sNøm≥ Ah-kcw thWw 54(31%) t]¿.

4. Cw{]q-hvsa‚ v ]co£ Fgp-Xn-b-t∏mƒ πkv h¨ ]co£ Fgp-Xn-b-t∏m-gp-≠m-b-Xn-t\-°mƒ Fs¥√mw {]tXy-I-X-bmWv hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°-\p- -h-s∏- XvF∂ tNmZy-Øn\v Bfl-hn-izmkw IqSp-X-ep-≠mbn F∂- n-{]m-b-s∏- Xv 45 (25%)t]¿. hnj-b-sØ-°p-dn®v IqSp-X¬[mcW e`n-®p. ]co£ Ffp-∏-ambnF∂- n-{]m-b-s∏- Xv 43 (26%) t]¿. πkvh¨ ]co-£-sb-°mƒ tami-am-bn, ]Tn-®-Im-cy-߃ ad-∂p-t]m-bn. kabwshdpsX If™p F∂- n-{]m-b-s∏- Xv 63(36%) t]¿. ]Tn-®Xv ho≠pw ]Tn-t°-≠-Xp-sIm≠v Bi-b-°p-g-∏-ap-≠mbn F∂-`n-{]m-b-s∏- Xv 24 (13%) t]cm-Wv.

5. Cw{]q-hvsa‚ v ]co£ okv LS-\-sb-°p-dn®v tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ Cw{]q-hvsa‚ v]co-£-bpsS \ne-hn-ep≈ ^okv ]W-an-√mØ hnZym¿∞n-Isf ]n¥n-cn-∏n-°p∂p F∂- n-{]m-b-s∏- Xv 58 (33%) t]cm-Wv. ^okv LS\ \ymb-amWv F∂- n-{]m-b-s∏- Xv 27 (15%) t]¿. \ne-hn-ep≈^okv LS\ kmaq-ly-\o-Xn-bpsS ewL-\-amWv F∂- n-{]m-b-s∏- Xv 18 (10%).Db¿∂ ^okv G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv πkvh¨ ]co£ A{]-Xo-£n-X-ambn tami-amb Ip n-Iƒ°v mc-am-Ip∂p F∂- n-{]m-b-s∏- Xv 72 (42%) t]¿.

6. Ign™ A°m-Z-anIv h¿j-Øn¬F{X A[y-b\ Zn\-߃ e`n®p F∂tNmZy-Øn\v hnZym¿∞n-I-fn¬\n∂pwe`n® adp-]-Sn°v hy‡-X-bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p.kvIqƒ cPn-Ã-dn¬ lmPdp≈ Znh-k-ß-

fm-tWm, A[ym-]-I-cpsS ¢mkp-Iƒe`n® Znh-k-ß-fmtWm tcJ-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-sX∂v hy‡-X-bn-√m-Ø-Xm-bn-cp∂p{]iv\w F∂v Ip´n-Iƒ A`n-{]m-b-s∏- p.A[ym-]-I-cp-ambn \S-Ønb N¿®-bn¬170-˛¬ Xmsg A[y-b\ Znh-k-߃am{Xta e n-®n-cp-∂p≈p F∂v Adn-bm≥Ign-™p.

\nK-a-\-߃πkv h¨ ]co-£-I-fpsS Cw{]q-

hvsa‚ v Ah-k-chpw H∂mw h¿j ]co-£-I-fpsS am¿°v c≠mw h¿j ]co-£-I-tfm-sSm∏w ]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂Xv ]T-\sØF{X am{Xw klm-bn-°p∂p F∂pwIs≠-Øm-\p≈ Cu kmºnƒ ]T-\w,]T-\-sØ-bpw, ]co-£-sbbpw Ip´n-IƒFßs\ ImWp∂p F∂Xv hy‡-am-°n.

πkv Sp ]co-£-bpsS am¿-°n-t\m-sSm∏w πkv h¨ s]mXp ]co-£-bpsSam¿°v IqSn ]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂Xv c≠mwh¿j ]T-\sØ IqSp-X¬ kΩ¿±wD≈-Xm°n am‰p∂p F∂-XmWv hnj-b-hy-Xym-k-an-√msX `qcn-]£w Ip´n-Ifpw A`n-{]m-b-s∏-´-Xv. CXv c≠mwh¿jsØ ]T-\-Øn¬ \nc-¥-c-aqey\n¿Wb {]h¿Ø-\-߃, t{]mP-IvSp-Iƒ XpS-ßn-bh sNøp-∂-Xn\v Du∂¬\¬Ip-∂-Xn\v ]Icw H∂mw h¿j ]co-£sb tI{μo -I -cn® v IqSp -X¬ImWmsX ]Tn°m\pw IrXy-ambnkm[y-X-bp≈ tNmZy-߃ sNbvXp ]Tn-°p-∂-Xn\pw kabw am‰n hbv°m≥\n¿_-‘n-X-cm-Ip∂p F∂mWv Ip n-IƒA`n-{]m-b-s∏-´ -Xv. A[ym-]-Icpws]mXpsh c£n-Xm-°fpw Ip n-Isf ]mT-]p-kvX-IsØ tI{μo-I-cn®v a\x-]m-T-

38 BKÃv 2011

Øn\v \n¿_-‘n-°p∂Xm-bpw, a‰v ]T-\-{]-h¿Ø-\-߃ kn.C am¿°n-\p-th≠n tcJ-Iƒ Xbm-dm-°p∂ {]h¿Ø-\-ambpw amdp∂p F∂pw A n{]m-b-s∏ p.

πkv h¨ Cw{]q-hvsa‚ v ]co£GXv amkw \S-Ø-W-sa∂ tNmZy-Øn\vHmWw Ah-[n-°p-tijw aXn-sb-∂mWvqcn-]£w hnZym¿∞n-Ifpw A n-{]m-b-s∏--Xv. πkv Sp ¢mkp-I-fpsS A[y-b\ Znh-

k-߃°n-S-bn¬ Cw{]q-hvsa‚ v ]co-£-bv°p≈ ]T-\-Øn¬ th≠{X {i≤tI{μo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ km[n-°p-∂n-s√-∂pw,HmWw Ah-[n°v tij-am-bm¬ ]Tn-°p-hm≥ IqSp-X¬ kabw e n-°p-sa-∂p-amWvIp´n-Iƒ A`n-{]m-b-s∏- -Xv. ¢mkn¬ \S-Øp∂ ]T\ {]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ \n∂pwe`n® Adn-hp-I-fn-eq-sS-b√ adn®v Nne{]tXyI tNmZy-ßsf ASn-ÿm-\-s∏-SpØn ]T\w \SØn A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-t°≠ H∂mWv ]co£ F∂ ImgvN-∏m-Sns\ H∂p-IqSn Dd-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂phnZym¿∞n-I-fn¬ \n∂pw e`n® {]Xn-I-c-Ww.

Cw{]q-hvsa‚ v ]co-£bv°v hnj-b-߃ ]cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-t\m-Sp≈Ip´n-I-fpsS A`n-{]m-b-Øn-t\mSv F√mtIm¿k-_vP-IvSp-Ifpw Cw{]qhv sNøm≥Ah-kcw thW-sa∂pw thW-sa-¶n¬`mj-Iƒ Hgn-hm-°n-bm¬ \∂m-bn-cp∂pF∂p-amWv `qcn-]£w t]cpw A`n-{]m-b-s∏- -Xv. H∂mw h¿j s]mXp ]co-£-bn¬ `mjm hnj-b-߃ Fgp-Xp-tºm-gp≈ Bfl-hn-izm-kw, a‰p k_vP-IvSp-Iƒ Fgp-Xp-tºmƒ Ah¿°v e`n-®n-s√-∂p-amWv A`n-{]m-b-s∏- -Xv. Fkv.-F-kv.-F¬.-kn. Ign™ πkv h¨ ¢m p-I-fn-se-Øp-tºmƒ ]pXnb hnj-b-ßfpwAh Cw•o-jnepw ]Tn-°Ww F∂XvAh¿°v H∂mw h¿j ]T-\- mcw h¿≤n-∏n-°p∂p F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p `qcn- mKw

hnZym¿∞n-Ifpw A`n-{]m-b-s∏-´-Xv.Cw•ojv am[y-a-Øn¬ BZy-ambn hnj-b-߃ Fgp-Xp-tºmƒ Ah icn-bmbnFgp-Xp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂n-s√∂pw ]n∂oSvAh-kcw In n-bm¬ k_vP-IvSp-Iƒ Bg-Øn¬ ]Tn-°p-hm\pw IqSp-X¬ Bfl-hn-izm-k-tØmsS ]co-£-sb-gp-Xp-hm\pwCw{]q-hvsa‚ v ]co£ klm-bn-°p-∂p.

πkv h¨ Cw{]q-hvsa‚ v ]co-£-sb-gp -Xn -b-t∏mƒ Ip´n -Iƒ°p-≠mbA\p`hw F¥m-bn-cp∂p F∂ tNmZy-Øn\v Cw{]q-hvsa‚ v ]co-£-sb-gp-Xn-t∏mƒ hnj-b-sØ-°p-dn®v IqSp-X¬[mcW e`n-®p. hnj-b-߃ Ffp-∏-ambnBfl-hn-izmkw IqSn F∂mWv qcn-]£wIp´n-Ifpw A`n-{]m-b-s∏-´-Xv. ]T\am[yaw amdn-b-Xns‚ _p≤n-ap v H∂mwh¿j ]co-£m¿∞n-Isf _p≤n-ap- n®pF∂pw ho≠pw ]co-£sb ASn-ÿm-\-am°n ]Tn-®-t∏mƒ Hcp-hn[w [mcWe`n®p F∂p-amWv Ip´n-Iƒ A`n-{]m-b-s∏- -Xv.

\ne-hn-ep≈ Cw{]q-hvsa‚ v ]co-£m-^okv \ymb-a-s√∂pw, kmº-Øn-I-ambn]n∂m°w \n¬°p∂ hnZym¿∞n-IsfCXv ]co£ Fgp-Xp-∂-Xn¬\n∂pw ]n¥n-cn-∏n-°p∂p F∂p-amWv qcn-]£w Ip´n-Ifpw A n-{]m-b-s∏- -Xv. Bdv hnj-b-߃H∂n-s®-gp-Xp-tºmƒ th≠ okv Hmtcmhnj-b-Øn\pw Cw{]qhv sNøm≥ th≠nhcp-∂Xv \ymb-a√ F∂mWv hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ Hcp-t]mse A`n-{]m-b-s∏- -Xv.

A[y-b\ Zn\-߃ IrXy-ambn ]d-bm≥ Ign-™n-s√-¶nepw samØ-Øn¬A[y-b\ Znh-k-߃ hnj-b-߃ hni-Z-am-bpw, Bg-Ønepw ]Tn-°p-hm≥ ]cym-]-X-a√ F∂mWv A[ym-]-IcpwhnZym¿∞n-I-fp-ambpw \S-Ønb N¿®-bn¬\n∂pw hy‡-am-b-Xv.

s]mXpsh ]co-£-I-sf-°p-dn®v

A[ym-]-Icpw hnZym¿∞n-I-fp-ambn \S-Ønb N¿®-I-fn-eqsS e`n® \n¿t±-i-߃ t{ImUo-I-cn®v Xmsg \¬Ip-∂p.

1. ]co£m tNmZy-߃ k¶o¿W-tam,Zp¿{K-ltam BI-cp-Xv.

2. ]co-£m-k-abw Ime-Øm-bn-cn-°-Ww.

3. aqey-\n¿Wbw Ip‰-a-‰-Xm-I-Ww.

4. πkv h¨ s]mXp ]co£m aqey-\n¿Wbw thK-Øn-em-°p-I.

5. ]co£ CS-hn Znh-k-ß-fn¬ thWw.

F≥{S≥kp-ambn _‘-s∏´ NnehnZym¿∞n-Iƒ Ah-cpsS DXvI-WvTbpwIqSn ]¶p-h-®p. C.B.S.E., I.C.S.E. kne-_-kn-ep≈ hnZym¿∞n-I-fp-ambn a’-cn-t°-≠n-h-cp-tºmƒ {]tXy-In®pw F≥{S≥-kn\v πkv Sp am¿°p-IqSn ]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂-Xn¬ Ip´n-Iƒ°v X߃ ]pd-tIm vt]mIptam F∂ Bi-¶-bp-ap-≠v. C.B.S.E.,Syllabus se hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ 12-˛mw¢mkn¬ am{Xw 500 am¿°ns‚ ]co£Fgp-Xp-tºmƒ πkvh¨ s]mXp ]co-£-bpsS am¿°v πkvSp s]mXp ]co-£-bpsS am¿°n-t\m-sSm∏w Iq´n samØw1200 am¿°ns‚ ]co£ A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°p-tºmƒ Xß-fpsS icm-icn am¿°ns\AXv _m[n-°ptam F∂-h¿ `b-s∏-Sp-∂p.

Xr»q-cn¬ h®v ]co£ tPmbn‚ vUb-d-IvS¿ {io.- ]n.-sI. hnP-b≥ lb¿sk°-≠dn hnZym¿∞n-I-fp-ambn \S-Ønb kwhm-Z-amWv CØ-c-Øn-semcp]T\w \S-Øm≥ Rßsf t{]cn-∏n-®-Xv.At±-l-Øns‚ IqSn XmXv]-cy-{]-Im-c-amWv ap√-t»cn lb¿ sk°≥-UdnkvIqfnse A[ym-]-I-cmb ssjeP F≥˛ F®v Fkv.-F-kv.-Sn. kmº-Øn-I-imkv{Xw, {]kmZv Im°-t»cn F®v.-F-kv.-F-kv.-Sn. ae-bmfw, jt\mPv hn.-F-kv.˛ KÃv A[ym-]-I≥, ae-bmfw F∂n-hcmWv Cu ]T-\-Øn\v t\XrXzw \¬In-b-Xv.

Cu ]T-\-Øn¬ kvIqfp-Iƒ kμ¿in-®-t∏mƒ tNmZym-hen ]qcn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\-∏pdw A[ym-]-Icpw hnZym-¿∞n-I-fp-ambnHcp-]mSv N¿®-Iƒ \S-Øm≥ km[n-®p.]co-£-sb-°p-dn®v A[ym-]-Is‚ ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬ \n∂pw hfsc hyXy-kvX-amWvIp n-I-fpsS ImgvN-∏m-Spw, \ne-]mSpw F∂vXncn-®-dn-bm≥ Ign-™p. Ht´sd hnZym-`ymk ]cn-jvIm-c-߃ \S-°p∂ CuIme-L- -Øn¬ Ip´n-I-fpsS hyXy-kvX-amb A`n-{]m-b-߃ IqSn CØcw am‰-ß-fn¬ ]cn-K-Wn-t°-≠-Xp-s≠-∂mWvCu ]T\w hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xv. {]tXy-In®pw lb¿ sk°≥Udn hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°v ]co-£-sb-bpw, ]T-\-sØbpwIpdn®v hy‡-amb A`n-{]m-b-߃Ds≠∂ Xncn-®-dnhv Cu ]T-\-Øn-eqsSe`n-®p.

imkv{X-KXn 39

{]IrXn`wKnbpw ssPh sshhn[ykar≤nbpw sIm≠v kº∂amWv tI-cfw. \ΩpsS kwÿm\w hnZym`ym-k-Ønepw BtcmKy ]cn]me\Ønepwhy‡n ipNnXzØnepw sa®-s∏´ \ne-hmcw ]pe¿Øp∂p. ]t£ `£ykzbw ]cym-]vXXbpsS ImcyØn¬C¥ybn¬ G‰hpw ]n∂m°amWv.tIcfØns‚ `qhnkvXrXn 38,85,500slIvS¿ BWv. CXn¬ 28% h\`qanbmWv. samØw `qanbpsS 54.3%slIvS¿ ÿew am{Xta \mw Irjn°vD]tbmKs∏SpØp∂p≈q. 62.99 e£wIrjnbnSßfmWv tIcfØnep-≈-sX∂mWv 2001 se sk≥kkv hy‡-

am°p∂Xv. 2011˛se sk≥kkv{]Imcw tIcfØnse apJy hnfI-sf√mw˛sXßv, Ihpßv, d∫¿, Ipcp-apfIv, tXbne, Im∏n a‰p kpK‘-hy⁄\߃˛Im¿jnI hnfIfne√Dƒs∏SpØnbncn°p∂Xv. Cu taJe-bn¬ sXmgnseSp°p∂hsc I¿jIsXmgnemfnbmbn´√ sk≥kkn¬tN¿Øncn°p∂Xv. CXv {]Imcw Im¿-jnI taJebv°v A\phZn°p∂ tI{μ-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ kwÿm\ hnlnX-Øn¬ henb Ipdhp≠mIpw. CXpw\ΩpsS `£y Irjn hnI-k-\sØImcyambn _m[n°pw. AtXkabwa‰p kwÿm\ßfnse IrjnIfmb

Icnºv, NWw, kqcyIm¥n, I©mhv,]cpØn apXembhsb Im¿jnIhnfIfmbn sk≥kkn¬ Dƒs∏SpØn-bncn°p∂p. \ΩpsS kwÿm\sØapJy cmjv{Sob ]m¿´nIfpsStbm Im¿-jnI Bkq{XIcpsS i‡amb CS-s]S¬ Cu taJebn¬ D≠mIWw.

tIcfØnse `£yIrjnbpsSNn{X-sam∂v ]cntim[n°pI. BsI-bp≈ Irjn°mcn¬ 90% Dw HcpslIvSdn¬ Xmsg Irjn sNøp∂-hcmWv. 5% IrjnbnS߃ am{Xta HcpslIvSdn\pw c≠v slIvSdn\pw CSbn-ep≈hbp≈q. 70% t]cpw sNdpInS\maam{X Irjn°mcmWv. samØw

tIcfØnse `£y kpc£bpw

Im¿jnI Bkq{XWhpw

`£y-kp-c£]n.kn. cma≥Ip´n

Irjnsb em`m[njvTnX DXv]mZ\ taJebmbn ImWp∂ apXemfnØkºZvhyhÿ°pw kmaqly at\m`m-h-Øn\pw am‰ap≠mIWw. Irjnsbtkh\ taJebmbn ImWpIbpw Im¿-jnI tPmenbn¬ G¿s∏Sp∂-hcpsSkmaqly kmºØnI kpc£ Dd∏m-°pIbpw thWw

40 BKÃv 2011

Irjnbn-SØns‚ 12.25% ÿeØvam{XamWv `£yhnfIƒ IrjnsNøp∂Xv. tIcf-Øns‚ Pn.Un.]n.-bpsS 16.5% am{X-amWv Im¿jnItaJebn¬-\n∂pap≈ kw`m-h\F∂pw \mw ImWWw. CusbmcpbmYm¿∞yØn¬ \n∂psIm≠pthWw `mhn tIcfw Fßs\ `£y-kpc£ t\Spw F∂mtemNn°m≥. 2001se sk≥kkv {]Imcw shdpw 16.3e£w t]¿ am{XamWv tIcfØn¬ I¿-jI sXmgnemfnIfmbn p≈Xv. samØwP\kwJy 3.16 tImSnbm-sW∂v Hm¿-°pI. Hmtcm h¿jhpw \s√mcpiXam\w I¿jI sXmgnemfnIƒ CutaJe Dt]£n®v a‰p sXmgnep-Ifnte°v tNt°dp∂p F∂pw IW-°m°nbncn°p∂p. \ΩpsS s]mXpIm¿jnI \bØns‚bpw I¿jIsXmgnemfnIfpsS kmaqly ]ZhnbpsSCSn®nepw kmºØnI kpc£ C√m-bvabpw a‰pamWv CXn\v ImcWw. CXn-s\ adnIS°m≥ th≠ kmº-ØnIBkq{XWhpw B[p\nI Im¿jnI\b]cn]mSnIfpw D≠mhWw.

Irjnsb em`m[njvTnX DXv]mZ\taJebmbn ImWp∂ apXemfnØ

kºZvhyhÿ°pw kmaqly at\m`m-h-Øn\pw am‰ap≠mIWw. Irjnsbtkh\ taJebmbn ImWpIbpw Im¿-jnI tPmenbn¬ G¿s∏Sp∂-hcpsSkmaqly kmºØnI kpc£ Dd∏m-°pIbpw thWw. Im¿jnI taJebv°vBhiyamb Irjn tk\sb ]cnioen-∏n°pIbpw Chsc IrjnbnSØnte°v{]mtbmKnI ]cnioe\Øn\v Abbv-°pIbpw thWw. sXmgnepd∏v ]≤Xn{]Imcw cPnÿ sNbvXn´p≈h¿°vB[p-\nI Irjn coXnIfn¬ ]cnio-e\w \¬In Cu tk\bn¬ tN¿°mw.B[p\nI Im¿jnI˛b{¥ßfpsS{]h¿Ø\ßfnepw Im¿jnI coXnI-fnepw Ch¿°v Hdnbt‚j≥ tImgvkp-Iƒ \¬IWw. Chsc Pn√m ASnÿm-\Øn¬ cPnÿ sNøpIbpw sshZ-Kv[y-Øns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬ {Kq∏m-bn Xncn°pIbpw thWw. Ch¿°vImbnIm≤z\Øn\v aWn°q-dn\vDb¿∂ Iqen \n›bn°Ww. ChcpsSXpS¿ hnZym`ymkØn\p≈ ]≤Xn-Ifpw BhnjvIcn°Ww. B[p\nIA{Kn _nkn\ n¬\n∂pw Im¿jnIkwkvImcØnte°p Hcp Xncn®p-t]m°p-≠msb¶nte `£y kpc£{]mh¿ØnIam°m≥ Ignbq.

`t£ymXv]∂sa∂Xv Acn,tKmXºv, tNmfw, apØmdn F∂nßs\aqt∂m \mtem C\ßfn¬ HXpt°-≠Xv A{Kn _nkn\ pImcpsS Bh-iyambncn°p∂p. GI hnf Irjnbn¬hnØv, hfw, b{¥kma{KnIƒ, hnf-shSp∏v, kw`cWw, hnXcWw F∂nhFfp∏am°p∂p. hyhkmbnI em`whfsc IqSpX¬ e`n°pIbpw sNøp-∂p. tIcfØn¬ Xt±iobambn At\-Iw `£y hnfIfp≠v. Chsbms°em`Icas√∂ ImcWØm¬ ssI-søm-gn-™psIm≠ncn°pIbmWv. CXn\pwAdpXn D≠mhWw. ]cºcmKX Adn-hpIƒ°\pkcn®v F√mhn[ Irjn-Ifpw ]p\cm\bn°Ww. ]t£\ΩpsS aÆns‚ ssPhLS\ Xs∂ChnsS D≠mb lcnX hnπhw A´nadn-®ncn°p∂p. aÆns‚ ssPh kºpjvSnXncn®p sIm≠phcm\p≈ {iaßfpwD≠mhWw.

a‰v kwÿm\sØ At]£n®vtIc-fØn¬ `qanbpsS Xp≠ph-Xv-IcWw IqSpXemWv. CXn\v ]cnlmc-ambn I¿ÆmSI/Xangv\mSv Im¿jnIBhmk hyhÿtbmSv kmayap≈Im¿jI Iq´mbvaIfpw PohnX ho£-Whpw D≠mhWw. Htc°¿/Atc°¿]Øp sk‚ v Xp≠phXvIcWØn\v]Icw IrjntbmKy ÿetØmSvtN¿∂v sNdp^vfm‰v Su¨jn∏pIƒ

BsI-bp≈Irjn°mcn¬ 90% DwHcp slIvSdn¬ XmsgIrjn sNøp∂-hcmWv.5% IrjnbnS߃am{Xta Hcp slIvSdn\pwc≠v slIvSdn\pw CSbn-ep≈hbp≈q. 70%t]cpw sNdpInS\maam{X Irjn°mcmWv.samØw Irjnbn-SØns‚ 12.25% ÿeØvam{XamWv `£yhnfIƒIrjn sNøp∂Xv

imkv{X-KXn 41

D≠mbn hcWw. {]mtZiob Pehn`hkwc£Whpw hm´¿ sjUv amt\-Pvsa‚pw tIcfØns‚ ]pXpXeap-d°pth≠n Bkq{XWw sNøWw.thbvÃv amt\Pvsa‚pw ssPhhf\n¿amW bqWn‰pIfpw {]mtZinIBhiy߃°\pkcn®v \n¿an°Ww.tIcfØnse tdmUv/tXmSv/]pg/]pdwt]m°pIƒ kzm`mhnI Irjn°vtbmKyam°Ww. hgntbmcßfn¬\Sp∂ XW¬ hr£ßƒ IgnhXpw^eaqemZnIƒ Xcp∂Xpw, Huj[KpWap≈XpamIWw. ip≤ Pet{km-X pIƒ kwc£n®v a’yIrjn°vt{]m’ml\w \¬Imhp∂XmWv.tIcfØn¬ amdp∂ EXp°ƒ°-\pk-cn®p≠mIp∂ hnhn[ ]gh¿K߃^eaqemZnIƒ Ch kwkvIcn®v aqeym-[njvTnX DXv]∂ßfm°n am‰m\pw\ap°v IgnbWw. amºgßfpw N°-bpw s\√n°bpw ss]\m∏nfpw a‰pw\mS≥ `£W cpNnItfmsS \ap°vkwkvIcn®v D]tbmKn°mhp∂XmWv.

tIcfw s]mXpth kky P¥p-ssh-hn[yßfm¬ kº∂amWv. tIc-fØnse Hmtcm Pn√bv°pw sNdn-sbmcp iXam\w dnk¿Δv/dh\yq h\-taJebp≠v. Cu taJeIfn¬\n∂pwe`n°p∂ h\y `£y hn`hßsfs]mXpam¿°‰n\v ]cnNb-s∏SpØn-s°mSp°m\pw AXphgn BZna`£ykwkvImcØns‚ {]IrXn-hgn-Ifnte°v s]mXpkaqlsØ t_m[h-XvIcn°m\p≈ {iahpwIqSn Cu`£ykpc£m {]h¿Ø\ßfpsSIqsS D≠mhWw. CSp°n Pn√bnepwhb\m´nepw Imk¿tKmUv/ ]me°mSvPn√bnepw A[nhkn°p∂ BZnhmknP\߃ FÆa‰ kkyP¥p P\p- pIsf kwc£n®p hcp∂p≠v. F∂m-¬ Cu h\ykky sshhn[ysØBcpw Kuchambn FSpØp I≠n´n√.C¥ybnse lcnXhnπhØn¬ \jvS-amb aÆns‚ ssPhLS\sb Ip∂n-d°ns°m≠phtc≠Xv tIcf-ØnseBZnhmkn kwkvIr-Xn-bn¬ \n∂p-amWv. Cu kXyw \ΩpsS B[p\nIIrjnimkv{X-⁄¿ Xncn®dnbpsa∂pwCXn\p≈ Ahkcw Ah¿ krjvSn-°psa∂pw \ap°v Bin°mw. CØcwAhkcw D]tbmKs∏SpØptºmƒc≠pe£y߃ km[yamIp∂p. H∂v{]IrXnP\y `£WØn\m¬ `£y-kpc£ Dd∏m°p∂p. c≠v tIcf-Øns‚ ssPhsshhn[y ]cn]me-\hpw kwc£Whpw Dd∏m°pIbpwsNøp∂p. aq∂v cmk IoS\min\nIsfmhfßtfm D]tbmKn°mØ {]IrXn`£Ww P\Xbv°v e`yamIp∂p.

tIcfØse h\y {]IrXnbn¬kzm`mhnIambn e`n°p∂ [mcmfwh\`£y aqeIßfp≠v. ChsbIm´pIngßpIƒ/]g߃/Ce°dnhn`h߃/tX≥/R≠v/ao≥ hnhn[Huj[߃ F∂nßs\ Chsb XcwXncn°mw.

h\y hn`hßfn¬ {]m[m\ytadn-bXmWv Im´p IngßpIƒ. \qd°ngßv,sImcW°ngßv, \mc°ngßv, Ihe-°ngßv XpSßnbhbpsS kzmZ vCXphsc s]mXpkaqlw Adn™n-cn-°n√. CXpt]mseXs∂ Ce°dnhn`hßfpsS henb tiJcw Xs∂BZnhmkn hn`mKØn\p≠v. Npcpfn,hb¬Ømfv, ap≈≥ Noc, ap´ß®∏v,s]m∂m¶Æn, Bf≥N∏v, sNdpIoc,sNmdnbWw, B´ß, {_“n®∏v,Np≠ß XpSßn F¨]XntesdCekky߃ Idn°mbn D]tbmKn-°p∂p≠v. Chsbms° t]mjI-kar-≤hpw {]IrXnP\yhpamWv. Chbv°vHuj[aqeyßfpap≠v. BZnhmkn-IfpsS IÆns‚ ImgvNbv°pw Pcm\c_m[n°mXncn°p∂Xpw, hfsc {]mb-amIp∂Xphsc ImbnIm[zm\Øn\vkm[n°p∂Xpw CXpsIm≠mImw.]t£ ]pXpXeapd hnjaZyØn¬apßns°m≠ncn°p∂p. CXns\Xnsc

A[nIrX¿ ]cnlmct_m[\hpw{]Xntcm[ \S]SnIfpw kzoIcn°Ww.Im´p £y tiJcØn¬ Aaqeyamba‰n\ßfmWv IqWpw, a’yhpw,R≠pw. Huj[KpWap≈hbmWnh.sh≈ssWh, ap°ssWh, tImW-ssWh, am¶pΩ≥, I´ssWh, D≠-°pΩ≥ XpSßn ap∏tXmfw XcØn¬-s∏´ IqWpIƒ Im´n¬ ]e EXp°-fn¬ kpe`amWv. aet©meIfnsesh≈Øn¬ cmkamen\yßtfm IoS-\min\nItfm IecmØXpsIm≠v ip≤-Pe a’ysØ ImWWsa¶n¬ ae-t©m-eIfnseØWw. apip, ]c¬,Bc¬, NqSm®n, sNfn°pØn, Nqhmen,\cnhcb¬ XpSßnb ao\pIfpw, Icn-R≠v, IpgnR≠v, ]m¬R≠v F∂n-hbpw `£ytbmKyamb AarX-J\n-IfmWv. Im´p]gßfpw ap≈-bcnbpw tX-\pw Rmhepw AØn∏-ghpw Im´pam-ßbpw Cu¥°mbbpw sam´ºpfnbpwa‰pw \ΩpsS s]mXp`-£ykpc-£-bv°pth≠n ]cn]m-en-°m≥ B[p\nIkaqlØn\v Ign-bWw. Xmfpw XIcbpwapΩmkw, N°-bpw amßbpw apΩmkw,Aßs\bpw Cßs\bpw apΩmkwF∂ BtcmKy kpc£m ]gs©m√ns\A\z¿∞-am°p-∂XmIs´ \ΩpsS`£ykpc-£m\bw.

42 BKÃv 2011

1976 ˛emWv Rm≥ cmlp-e≥tUmIvSsd BZy-ambn ImWp-∂XpwtIƒ°p-∂-Xpw. ]cn-j-Øns‚ 13-˛mwkwÿm\ ktΩ-f\w B h¿jw am¿®v6, 7 Xob-Xn-I-fn¬ IÆq-cn-emWv \S-∂-Xv. hfsc hnP-b-I-c-ambn kwL-Sn-∏n®imkv{X ¢m p-I-ƒ°pw ]o®n-bn¬ \S∂BZysØ {]h¿ØI Iymºn\pw tij-ap≈ ktΩ-f-\-am-bn-cp-∂p A-Xv. ktΩ-f-\-Øns‚ `mK-ambn imkv{X {]Z¿i-\hpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. {]Z¿i\w ImWm≥t]mb Rm\pw kplr-Øp-°fpw ktΩ-f-\-lm-fnepw Ib-dn-bn-cp-∂p. Rm\∂v ]cn-j-Øn-ew-K-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. kn.-Pn. im¥-Ip-am-dmWv P\-d¬ sk{I- dn. {]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ D∂-bn® kwi-b-߃°pw hna¿i-

2011 Pq¨ 13 \v \ncym-X-\mbtUm. sI.-sI. cmlp-e-s\-°p-dn®v Hc-\p-kva-cWw

a[p-cw,

kuayw,- Zo]vXw

\-߃°pw koPn-b≥ ssien-bnep≈adp-]Sn C∂pw Rmt\m¿°p-∂p. 77 ¬]cn-jØv Ubdn {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°m≥Xocp-am-\n-®Xv Ahn-sS-sh-®m-Wv. B Ub-dnbpw ]nSn®p \S-°p∂ ]cn-jZv{]h¿Ø-Is‚ A n-am-\hpw BÀm-Zhpwkn.Pn A`n-\-bn®p ImWn-°p-IbpwsNbvXp. B ktΩ-f-\-amWv tUm. cmlp-es\ {]kn-U-≠mbn sXc-s™-Sp-Ø-Xv.AXn-\p-apºv sshkv {]kn-U-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. cmlp-e≥ \S-Ønb {]kwKw DPz-ehpw Bth-i-I-c-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv]e thZn-I-fn¬, hyXykvX hnj-b-ß-fn¬ tUmIvS¿ {]kw-Kn-°p-∂Xv Rm≥tI´n-´p-≠v. Hmtcm XhW tIƒ°p-tºmgpw Hcn-°¬ IqSn tIƒ°m≥

sImXn-∏n-°p-∂-h-bm-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ {]`m-j-W-߃

1970 emWv tUmIvS¿ ]cn-j-Øp-ambn_‘-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. ]cn-jØv ss{]a-dn- hn-Zym¿∞n-Iƒ°p th≠n bpdo-°-mam-knIBcw- n-°m≥ Xocp-am-\n® kμ¿ -am-bn-cp∂p AXv. bpdo° amkn-I-bpsS {]kn-≤o-I-cWw Xriq¿ bqWn-‰n-s\-bmWvkwL-S\ Gev]n-®-Xv. A∂v Xriq¿bqWn‰v sk{I- -dn-bm-bn-cp∂p tUm. Sn.-B¿. i¶p-Æn. At±-lsØ amkn-I-bpsSamt\-Pnßv FUn-‰-dmbn kwL-S-\ \n-tbm-Kn-®p. tImgn-t°mSv saUn-°¬ tImtf-Pnse BZysØ {]n≥kn-∏mfpw XnI™Iem kvt\lnbpw Bbn-cp∂ tUm. sI.-F≥.-]n-jm-cSn Xriq-cn¬ ÿnc Xma-k-

A\p-kva-cWwtUm. Imhp-ºmbn _me-Ir-jvW≥

imkv{X-KXn 43

am-°n-bn-cp-∂p. At±lw bpdo-°-bpsS]{Xm-[n-]-cm-bn-cn-°m-sa∂p kΩ-Xn-®p.amkn-Ibv°v \ne-\n¬°-W-sa-¶n¬]ckyw thWw. N{μnI tkm∏v A`y¿-∞n-°p-∂-h¿s°√mw ]ckyw \¬Ip∂Imew. DZm-c-a-\-kvI-\mb kn.-B¿. tIi-h≥ sshZy-cmWv N{μn-I-bpsS F√mw.tUm. i¶p-Ænbpw tUm. ]njm-c-SnbpwIqSn Ccn-ßm-e-°p-S-bn¬ t]mbn tIi-h≥ sshZy-sc-°≠v ]cn-j-Øn-s\-°p-dn®pw bpdo-°-sb-°p-dn®pw kwkm-cn-®p.(-tI-i-h≥ sshZy-cpsS Bbp¿thZ kw_-‘n-bmb efn-X- a-t\m-lc ae-bmf]Zy߃ A°m-esØ -bp-do-°-bn¬ImWmw.) sshZy¿ kt¥m-j-]q¿Δw]ckyw \¬In. ]n∂oSv ]d™p : ""]cn-j-Øns‚ {]h¿Ø-\-߃°v ]‰nbHcmƒ Xriq-cp-≠v. tUm. cmlp-e≥.At±lan-t∏mƒ Xriq¿ Pn√m Bip-]-{Xn-bn¬ Nm¿sP-Sp-Øn- p-≠v''. tUmIvS¿]njm-c-Sn°v s]s´∂v Bsf a\- n-em-bn-√. sshZy¿ H∂p-IqSn hni-Z-am-°n.""tUmIvS¿ cmlp-e≥ a{Zm-kn¬ \n∂mWvUn{Kn FSp-Ø-Xv.''( tUmIvS¿ cmlp-e≥]me-°mSv hnIvtSm-dnb tImtf-Pn¬ C‚¿aoUn-b‰v Ign-™p. Xriq¿ {io tIc-f-h¿Ω tImtf-Pn¬ \n∂v _n.-F.]m mbn. aZn-cmin sN¶¬s] v saUn-°¬ tImtf-Pn¬ \n∂v saUn-°¬ _ncp-Zhpw In¬]m°v saUn°¬ tImtf-Pn¬\n∂v Pn.-kn.-sF.-FΩpw t\Sn. t]cm{º{]mY-an-Im-tcmKy tI{μw, Xriq¿Pn√mBip]{Xn, Xriq¿ am\-kn-Im-tcmKytI{μw,- ap-f-¶p-∂-Øp-Imhv Sn.-_n. km\-nt‰m-dnbw F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬ tkh-\-a-\p-jvTn-®p).

aS-°-Øn¬ Xs∂ tUm. cmlp-es\ImWm≥ tUm. i¶p-Ænbpw tUm. ]njm-c-Snbpw Xocp-am-\n-®p. ssaen-∏m-S-Øp≈tUmIvS-dpsS ho´n¬ sN∂p. hni-Z-ambnkwkm-cn-®p. ]cn-j-Øp-ambn _‘-s∏ v{]h¿Øn-°m-sa∂v tUmIvS¿ kΩ-Xn-®p.]n∂oSv tUmIvS¿ ]cn-j-Øns‚ tPm.sk{I- -dn-bm-bn, kwÿm\ sshkv {]kn-U-≠m-bn, {]kn-U-≠m-bn, bpdo°m ]{Xm-[n-]-cm-bn.

Hcp P\-Iob imkv{X {]ÿm-\-ambn]cn-jØv AXn-thKw hf-cp-Ibpw hym]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Im-eambncp∂p AXv.]o®n -bnse {]h¿ØI Iymºv,imkv{Xamk ¢mkp-Iƒ, imkv{X-km-wkvIm-cnI PmY (1977 HIvtSm-_¿ 2\vIÆq¿ Pn√-bnse Iqthcn-bn¬ \n∂m-cw- n®v \hw-_¿ 7 \v Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcwPn√-bnse ]qh-®-en¬ kam-]n®PmYbpsS DZvLm-S-I≥ tUmIvS-dm-bn-cp-∂p.PmY-bn¬ DS-\ofw At±lw k©-cn-®p.\nc-h[n tbmK-ß-fn¬ {]kw-Kn-®p.) {Kmaimkv{X-k-an-Xn-I-fpsS cq]o-I-c-Ww,

sske‚ v hmen {]t£m`w Cß-s\-bp≈ F√m {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fnepwtUmIvS¿ hfsc Du¿Pkze-ambnØs∂]s¶-Sp-Øp. 1980 ¬ Xriq-cn¬ \S∂ 17-˛mw hm¿jnIØns‚ c≠v P\-d¬I¨ho-\¿amcn¬ Hcmƒ tUmIvS-dm-bn-cp-∂p. (a-s‰m-cmƒ s{]m^. kn.-sP. inh-i-¶-c-\pw)

]cn-j-Øns‚ Ncn-{X--Ønse Hcp{]Xn-k‘n L -Øn¬ tUm. cmlp-es‚t\XrXzw FSpØp ]d-tb-≠-Xm-Wv. 76P\p-h-cn-bn¬ ]cn-jØv kwL-Sn-∏n®imkv{X ¢mkp-Iƒ kaq-l-Øn¬imkv{X-t_m-[hpw imkv{Xo-b-amb{]]© ho£-Whpw hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-°m-\p≈ {ia-Øns‚ mK-am-bn-cp-∂p. C¥y-bn¬ P\m-[n-]Xyw hndßen®p \n∂ASn-b-¥n-cm-h-ÿ-°m-e-am-bn-cp∂p AXv.F√m-hn[ kmaq-ln-I-˛ -cm -jv{Sob{]h¿Ø-\-߃°pw \nb-{¥-W-ta¿s∏-Sp-Ønb Imew. ]ucs‚ auen-Im-h-Im-i-߃ ac-hn-∏n®p \n¿Ønb Imew,Bscbpw GXp ka-bØpw t]meokn\vAdÃp sNøm≥ A[nIm-c-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂\mfp-Iƒ. a‰p {]ÿm-\-ß-fn¬{]h¿Øn-°p∂ \nc-h[n Bfp-Iƒ ]cn-j-Øns‚ ¢mkp-I-fpsS kwLm-S-I-cmbpwA[ym-]-I-cmbpw h∂p. s]mXpsh ]cn-j-Øn-t\mSv FXn¿∏p-≠m-bn-cp-∂-h-sc¢mkp-I-fpsS hnPbw Akz-ÿ-cm-°n.]cn-jØv aX-\n-tj-[hpw Cuizc \ntj-[hpw {]N-cn-∏n-°p∂p F∂-h¿ Btcm-]n-®p. hnZym-e-b-߃°-IØv ]cn-jZv{]h¿Ø\w ]mSn-s√∂v hnZym-`ymkUb-d-IvS¿ DØ-c-hn-d-°n. ]cn-jZv{]h¿Ø-Isc t]meokv tNmZywsNøm≥ XpS-ßn. Nne¿ Ad-Ãn-em-bn.Cu Zp¿LS L´-Øn-se√mw {]kn-U-

Hcp P\-Iob imkv{X{]ÿm-\-ambn ]cn-jØvAXn-thKw hf-cp-Ibpwhym]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂Im-eambncp∂p AXv.]o®n-bnse {]h¿ØIIymºv, imkv{Xamk¢mkp-Iƒ, imkv{X-km-wkvIm-cnI PmY {Kmaimkv{X-k-an-Xn-I-fpsScq]o-I-c-Ww, sske‚ vhmen {]t£m`w Cß-s\-bp≈ F√m {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fnepw tUmIvS¿hfsc Du¿Pkze-ambnØs∂ ]s¶-Sp-Øp.1980 ¬ Xriq-cn¬ \S∂17- mw hm¿jnIØns‚c≠v P\-d¬ I¨ho-\¿amcn¬ Hcmƒ tUmIvS-dm-bn-cp-∂p.

44 BKÃv 201144

s‚∂ \ne-bn¬ kwL-S-\sb [oc-ambn\bn-®Xv tUmIvS¿ cmlp-e-\m-bn-cp-∂p.

tUmIvS-dpsS {]h¿Ø\ afiewAXn-hn-]p-e-amWv sF.-Fw.F kwÿm\{]kn-U-≠v, Fkv.-F≥.-Un.]n tbmKw{]kn-U-≠v, tIcf kwKoX \mSI A°m-Zan sshkv sNb¿am≥, kmlnXy A°m-Zan P\-d¬ Iu¨kn¬ AwKw, ]n∂m°kap-Zmb ap∂Wn sNb¿am≥, kmlnXy{]h¿ØI kl-I-cW kwLw Ub-d-IvS¿ t_m¿UwKw, Xriq¿ ]ªn°vsse{_dn sshkv {]kn-U-≠v, klr-Z-b-thZn {]kn-U≠v, tIcf A£ct«mI]cn-jØv {]kn-U-≠v, Im≥s^Uv Pn√m{]kn-U-≠v, ANyp-X-ta-t\m≥ skm-ssk‰n {]kn-U≠v Cßs\ tUmIvS¿t\XrXzw \¬Inb kwL-S-\-Ifpw ÿm]-\-ßfpw A\h-[n-bm-Wv. tUmIvS¿ Hcn-SØpw \ma-am{X mc-hm-ln-bm-bn-cp-∂n-√.k{In-b-amb ]¶m-fn-Øw sIm≠v Xm≥_‘-s∏´ F√m {]ÿm-\-߃°pwAt±lw Du¿Pw ]I¿∂p.

Xriq-cns‚ kmwkvIm-cnI kmbm-”-ßsf Xs‚ km∂n[yw sIm≠v tUm-IvS¿ kPo-h-am°n. {]`m-j-Wß-tfm-sSm-∏w, kmaq-lnI kmwkvIm-cnI {]h¿Ø-\-ßtfmsSm∏w kmlnXy cN-\bv°pwAt±lw kabw Is≠-Øn. At±-l-Øns‚ IrXn-I-fn¬ G‰hpw {it≤-b-am-bXv "Kpcp-tZ-h≥˛ Hm¿Ω-I-fnse kqcy-tX-P v' F∂ {KŸ-am-Wv. Ah-km-\-Im-eØv C¥y-bnse tkmjy-enÃv {]ÿm-\-sØ-°p-dn®v Hcp {KŸw cNn-°m-\p≈Xøm-sd-Sp-∏n-em-bn-cp-∂p -A-t±-lw.

1980 \p tij-amWv tUmIvS¿ ]cn-j-Øn-se- ssZ\w-Zn\ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬\n∂v AI-ep-∂Xpw a‰p taJ-e-I-fnse{]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ \na·-\m-Ip-∂Xpw .]t£ F∂pw At±-l-Øns‚ a\- n¬]cn-j-Øn-s\m-cnSw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. c≠ph¿jw apºv \S∂ amknIm {]Nm-c-W-Øns‚ Pn√mXe DZvLm-S\w \n¿h-ln-®Xv At±-l-am-bn-cp-∂p.

hnZym¿∞n-bm-bn-cn°p-tºmƒ Xs∂tkmjy-enÃv Bi-b-ß-fn¬ BIr-jvS-\mb At±lw tkmjy-enÃv {]ÿm-\-hp-ambn kl-I-cn®p {]h¿Øn®psIm≠mWv kmaq-lnI PohnXw Bcw- n-°p-∂Xv. AX-t±-l-Øns‚ a\- n¬cqVaq-e-am°nb kmaq-ln-I-\o-Xn-bp-sSbpwka-Xz-Øn-s‚bpw Bi-b-ß-ƒ At±lwF∂pw apdpsI ]nSn-®p. A-Xm-bn-cn°mwAt±-lsØ SNDP tbmK-Øns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn-te°v \bn-®-Xv.

HutZym-KnI Pohn -X-am -cw -`n®ImeØp Xs∂ At±lw imkv{X-kmlnXy ]cn-j-Øp-ambn _‘s∏´p.AXns‚ ap≥ \nc-bn¬ {]h¿Øn®p.Cu {]h¿Ø\w A\u-]-Nm-cn-I-X, emfn-Xyw, At\z-jWXzc, ]T-t\m-∑p-J-X,imkv{X-t_m[w XpS-ßnb aqey-߃At±-l-Øns‚ hy‡nXzØns‚ mK-am-°n-am-‰n.

Aß-s\, tkmjy-enÃv {]ÿm-\-hpw P\-Iob imkv{X-{]-ÿm\hpwtN¿∂v cq]-s∏-Sp-ØnbXmWv tUm.sI.sI. -cm-lp-es‚ a[p-chpw kuayhpwZo]vX-hp-amb hy‡nXzw.

Xriq-cns‚ kmwkvIm-cnI kmbm-”-ßsfXs‚ km∂n[yw sIm≠vtUm-IvS¿ kPo-h-am°n.{]`m-j-Wß-tfm-sSm-∏w,kmaq-lnI kmwkvIm-cnI{]h¿Ø-\-ßtfmsSm∏wkmlnXy cN-\bv°pwAt±lw kabw Is≠-Øn. At±-l-Øns‚IrXn-I-fn¬ G‰hpw{it≤-b-am-bXv "Kpcp-tZ-h≥˛ Hm¿Ω-I-fnsekqcy-tX-P v' F∂{KŸ-am-Wv. Ah-km-\-Im-eØv C¥y-bnsetkmjy-enÃv {]ÿm-\-sØ-°p-dn®v Hcp {KŸwcNn-°m-\p≈ Xøm-sd-Sp-∏n-em-bn-cp-∂p -A-t±-lw.

imkv{X-KXn 45imkv{X-KXn 45

tUm. B¿.-hn.-Pn. tat\ms‚ "imkv{X-km-t¶-XnIhnZy-bpsS Ncn{Xw'F∂ ]pkvXIØnse A©mw A[ym-bØns‚ XpS¿®

imkv{XwtUm. B¿.-hn.-Pn. tat\m≥

{Ko°v ss]XrIw{Ko°v ss]XrIw

s]mXp kz`mhw{Koknse _p≤o-Po-hn-Iƒ°v (a-s‰-

√m-bn-S-sØbpw _p≤n-Po-hn-I-sf-t∏mseXs∂) ImbnI A[zm-\-tØmSp ]p—wBbn-cp-∂p. F∂p Xs∂-b-√, {]tbm-P-\-]-cX F∂ k¶ev]w t]mepwtamiw Bbn-´mWv Ah¿ Icp-Xn-b-Xv.Ivtkt\m-t^m¨ (Xenophon) F∂Ncn-{X-Im-c≥ (D.430-˛355 _n.-kn.)- F-gpXn: ""bm{¥nI hnZy-Iƒ°v (mechani-cal arts) \ΩpsS kaq-l-Øn¬ HcpA[xÿnXXzw BWp-≈-Xv. AXv icn-bp-am-Wv.'' A[zm\w Bh-iy-ap≈tPmen-Iƒ Ah¿ ASn-a-Iƒ°v hn´p.KXn-tI-Sp-sIm≠v ImbnI tPmen-IƒsNtø≠n hcp-∂-h¿°v kaq-l-Øn¬

Xmgv∂ ÿm\hpw I¬∏n-®p. Cß-\sØ Hcp kaq-l-Øn¬ A[zm-\-^ew sa®-s∏-Sp-Øm-\p≈ kmt¶-XnIapt∂‰w D≠m-Ip-sa∂v {]Xo-£n-°m≥Bhn-√-t√m. A[zm-\n-°p-∂-h¿°vAß-\sØ I≠p-]n-SnØ-߃ \S-Øm-\p≈ D’mlw D≠m-hn-√. ssk≤m-¥n-I-amb Adnhpw D≠m-hn-√. AXn-\m¬ a‰p-hn-[-Øn¬ s]cpa t]¿∂bh\ kwkvIr-Xn-bn¬ kmt¶-XnIhnZy-Iƒ Gsd-sbm∂pw ]ptcm-K-an-®n√F∂-Xn¬ A¤p-X-an-√.

F¶nepw Nne ASn-ÿm\ sa®-߃ Ah¿°v D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ccp-ºns‚ D]-tbmKw km[m-cWw Bbn-cp-∂p. ]ns∂, \nXy-Po-hn-X-Øn-\p-X-Ip∂ Nne b{¥-߃ Ah¿°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. DZm-l-cWw kv{Iqhpw enhdpwD]-tbm-Kn-®p≈ ssh≥ {]kv (Wine

press) apX-emb Nne kwhn-[m-\-߃.s\bvØv ]cn-Nn-X-am-bn-cp-s∂-¶nepwCuPn-]vXn-te-Xp-t]mse Db¿∂ \ne-hm-c-sam∂pw AXv ]pe¿Øn-bn-√.

\n¿amW hnZyF∂m¬ F©n-\o-b-dnwKv cwKØv

Ah¿ Akq-bm-h-l-amb t\´-߃ssIh-cn-®p. AXn\v cmjv{So-bhpwkmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb tNmZ-\-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. {Koknse \Kc cmjv{S-߃F°m-ehpw Xmc-X-tay\ sNdnb cmPy-߃ Bbn-cp-∂p. Chsb GtIm-]n-∏n®p ss\¬ \Zo-X-S-Ønse t]mse H‰km{amPyw B°p-∂-Xn\p `q{]-IrXnXs∂ XS w Bbn-cp-∂p. Cu \Kccmjv{S-߃ XΩn¬ ]Xn-hp≈ bp≤-߃ AXp-ambn _‘-s∏´ \n¿an-Xn-Iƒ°pw b{¥-߃°pw {]tNm-Z-\-am-bn.

4.4 {Koknsekmt¶-XnIhnZym- hnImkw

46 BKÃv 2011

Zzo]p-Ifpw kap-{Z-Xoc \K-c-ßfpwtN¿∂ `q{]-IrXn Ahsc anI-hp‰\mhn-I-cm-°n. sImcn-¥v (Corinth),GX≥kv (Athens) apX-emb \K-c-ß-fn¬ Xoc-°-S-en-eq-sS-bp≈ I®-h-ShpwA`n-hr-≤n-s∏-´p. IpSn-sh≈ £mawA\p- -h-s∏´ ]e \K-c-ßfpw Zqc-ÿ-ß-fmb Pe t{kmX- p-I-fn¬\n∂psh≈w sIm≠p-h-cm-\mbn tXmSp-IfpwAIz-U-IvSp-Ifpw [6] \n¿an-®p.

CuPn-]v‰p-Im-sc-t∏mse {Ko°p-Im¿°v ac-Wm-\-¥c Pohn-X-Øn¬henb Iº-sam∂pw D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.AXp-sIm≠v Ah¿ ]nc-an-Up-ItfmtIa-s∏´ I√-d-Itfm ]Wn-bm≥ Xp\n-™n-√. F∂m¬ Xß-fpsS {]nb-s∏´tZh-X-Iƒ°v Ah¿ at\m-l-c-ambtZhm-e-b-߃ D≠m-°n. kpIp-amc Ie-I-fn¬ A`n-c-an® Ah¿ Bw^n Xntb-‰-dp-Ifpw tÃUn-b-ßfpw cq]-I-ev]\sNbvXp.

bh\ hmkvXp-hnZy]n¬°me bqtdm-]y≥ hmkvXp-hnZy

Ah-ew-_n®v hymI-cW \nb-a-߃Bhn-jvI-cn-°m-\p≈ \ntbmKw bh-\¿°mWv e`n-®-Xv. KpW\ne-hm-c-ap≈XSnbpw I√pw kpe-` -am -bn -cp∂{Kokn¬ CuPn-]vXn-se-t∏mse Xs∂XqWpw Xpem-ßfpw (post and lintel)tN¿∂ \n¿amW ssien kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw ]n≥Xp-S-c-s∏- p. satkms∏mt´an-b-bn-se-t∏mse oam-Im-c-amb FSp-∏p-Iƒ Ah¿°v th≠n-h-∂n-√. F∂m¬]c-º-cm-KX ssien-bnse Hmtcm LS-I-sØbpw Ah¿ A{im¥ ]cn-{i-ahpw A\ym-Zr-iyamb kuμcy-t_m-[hpw sIm≠v ]cn-]q¿W-X-bn-se-Øn-®p. ]m¿sX-t\m≥ (Parthenon), Csd-

‡nbw (Erechtheum) XpS-ßn-bhF°m-e-sØbpw anI® hmkvXp-in-ev]-ß-fmbn \ne-sIm-≈p-∂p.

hfsc t\csØ Xs∂ (_n.-kn.HºXmw iXIw apX¬) CuPn-b≥ IS-ens‚ Ccp-h-i-Øp-ambn tUmdn-Iv,Atbm -WnIv F∂n -ßs\ c≠v\n¿amW coXn-Iƒ Dcp-Øn-cn-™p-h-∂p.kvXw`-ß-fpsS (columns) Xe-∏p-Iƒcq]-I-ev]\ sNøp-∂-Xn-emWv ChXΩn-ep≈ {][m\ hyXym-kw. {]mIv- -tUm-dnIv (Proto-Doric) [7] F∂v hnfn-°-s∏-Sp∂ ]Sn-™m-d≥ ssien-bn¬ XSnsIm≠p≈ XqWns‚ XSn® A{K- mKw(Capital) hrØm-Ir-Xn-bnepw AXn-\p-ap-I-fn-ep≈ I´ (abacus) NXp-c-ØnepwBbn-cn-°pw. Xmc-X-tay\ efnXw BWvCu ssien. \ofw Ipd™p XSn-®-hbpw ASn-°´ (]o-Tw) C√m-Ø-hbpwBb XqWp-Iƒ i‡n {]k-cn-∏n-°p-∂p. ka-_-lp-`pP BIr-Xn-bn-ep≈XqWp-Iƒ°v km[m-cW Ccp-]Xp hi-

߃ D≠m-Ipw, Ah apI-fn-tebv°vhÆw Ipd™p hcpw. kvXw`-߃°vapI-fn¬ D≈ `mKw BWv {^okv

(Frieze). tUmdnIv ssien-bn¬ AXpwefnXw Bbn-cn-°pw.

{]mtbW inem \n¿an -X-ambAtbm-WnIv kvXw`-߃ saen™p

\o≠h Bbn-cp-∂p. hrØm-Ir-Xn-bn¬D≈ kvXw -ßsf Xmsg apX¬ tae‰whsc \ofp∂ hc-Iƒ sIm≠v ]mfn-Iƒ

(Flutes) Bbn Xncn-®n-cn-°pw. A\-h[nXqWp-Iƒ \nc-bmbn \n¬°p-tºmƒZqsc \n∂p t\m°p-∂-h¿°v B XqWp-

Iƒ tae-‰Øv AI∂p t]mIpw-t]m-ep≈ Imgv®-t°Sv (optical illusion) ]Xn-hm-Wv. AXv Hgn-hm-°m-\m-bn, XqWp-I-

fpsS a[y-Øn¬ hÆw Iq´p∂ HcpXncpØv Ah¿ \S-∏m-°n. CXn\vF≥Sm-knkv (Entasis) F∂p ]d-bp-∂p.CXns‚ XpS°w satkm-s∏m-t´-an-b-bn¬ Xs∂ D≠m-bn-cp-∂-t√m. Atbm-Wn-b-°m¿ AXns\ Gsd aptºm´psIm≠p-t]m-bn. Npcp-fp-I-fm¬ Ae-¶rXw Bb kvXw`m{Kw (captial)Atbm-WnIv ssien-bpsS khn-ti-jXBWv. kvXw`-Øn\v ASn-Ø-d-bmbn]oTw D≠m-Ipw. ]oTw ]e-t∏mgpw h´-Øn-ep≈ ]e X´p-Iƒ ASp-°n-bXpt]men-cn-°pw.

B¿s°bvIv (archaic) Ime-L´wBb-t∏m-tg°pw (G-Xm≠v _n.-kn.F´mw \q‰m≠v apX¬ Bdmw \q‰m-≠p-h-sc)Ch c≠pw \njvIr-jvS-ambhmkvXp ssien-I-fmbn cq]m-¥-c-s∏- p.Ch IqSmsX sImdn¥n-b≥ F∂ aq∂m-a-sXmcp ssienbpw Dcp-Øn-cn-™p-h-∂p. F∂m¬ {Kokn-s\-°mƒ tdma≥Ime-L-´-Øn-emWv sImdn-¥n-b≥ssien IqSp-X¬ {]Nm-c-Øn¬ BbXv.

sImdn-¥n-b≥ (Corinthiyan) ssienAe-¶mc PSnew At{X. kvXw`m-{K-Øn¬ h√n-Ifpw ]qhp-Ifpw Hs°D≠m-Ipw. Atbm-WnIv ssien-bn¬F∂-Xp-t]mse ^vfq´p-Ifpw ]oThpwsImcn-¥n-b-\nepw D≠m-Ipw. ImgvN-∏n-iIv ]cn-l-cn-°m-\p≈ XncpØpwAtbm-WnIv ssien-bn¬ \n∂v Ah¿ISw sIm≠p. a‰v c≠p ssien-I-fnepwta¬Ø´v (Cornice) sNcn™v BsW-¶n¬ sImcn-¥n-b-\n¬ AXv ]c-∂n- mWv]Xn-hv.

_n. -kn. A©mw \q‰m -≠nseGX≥kn¬ alm-\mb s]cn-¢n-kns‚c£m-I¿Xr-Xz-Ønepw CIvSn-\-kv

imkv{X-KXn 47

(Ictinus), ^nUn-bm-kv (Phidias), Imen-{Im-s´kv (Callicrates), avs\kn-¢nkv(Mnesiclis) XpS-ßnb ÿ]-Xn-I-fpsSt\Xr-Xz-Ønepw {Ko°v hmkvXp-hnZyAXns‚ ]mc-ay-X-bn-se-Øn. tUmdnIvssien-°m-bn-cp∂p B[n-]-Xyw. FIm-fl-I-X, ka-Xp-e-\w, kz`mh {]Im-i-\w, Ah-bh A\p-]mXw XpS-ßnbkuμcy LS-I-ß-fn¬ AXo-\n-b≥hmkvXp inev]-߃ A\ym-Zr-i-ambHu∂Xyw ssIh-cn-®p. ]m¿sX-t\m≥Xs∂-bmWv tUmdnIv ssien-bpsSG‰hpw XnI™ DZm-l-c-Ww. ImgvN-∏n-i-Ip-Iƒ ]cn-l-cn-°m-\p≈ Xncp-Ø-ep -Iƒ kvXw` -ß-fn¬ am{X -a√πm‰vt^m-ap-I-fnepw Nhn- p-]-Sn-I-fnepwAh¿ ]q¿W-X-bn¬ FØn-®p. \o≠πm‰vt^map-Iƒ Zqsc \n∂v t\m°p-tºmƒ a[y-Øn¬ Ign-bp-∂-XmbntXm∂p-a-t√m. B ImgvN-∏n-iIv ]cn-l-cn -°m≥ Ahbv°v a[y -Øn¬X≈n® sImSp-°p∂ coXn Ah¿ \S-∏m-°n. ]m¿sX-t\m-Wns‚ Nhn-´p-]-Sn-I-fnse ta¬]Sn (stylobate) CØ-c-Øn¬ tatem v X≈n-bmWv ]Wn-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu Xd-bn-emWv kvXw -߃\n¬°p-∂-Xv. X∑qew Ahbv°v ew_-ambn ]Wn-bp∂ kvXw`-߃ ]pd-tØm´p Nmbm≥ km[y-X-bp-≠v. AXvXncp -Øp-∂-Xn\pw kam-¥-c-ambn]WnX \o≠ XqWp-Iƒ kzm`m-hn-I-ambn Xs∂ AI∂p t]mIp∂p F∂vtXm∂n-∏n-°p∂ ImgvN-∏n-iIv ]cn-l-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\pambn ]m¿sX-t\m-WnsekvXw`-߃ kzev]w AI-tØm´pNm™v BWv ]Wn-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Ahtatem´v \o´n-bm¬ GI-tZiw Hcpssa¬ Db-c-Øn¬ Iq´n-ap-´p-at{X![8].]n¬°m-eØv kph¿W A\p-]mXw[Golden ratio] F∂v {]kn-≤-amb A\p-]m-X-Øn-emWv ]m¿sX-t\m-Wns‚ Af-hp-Iƒ {Iao-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]m¿sX-t\m-Wns\ Hcp Zriy hnkvabw B°p-∂-Xn¬ CØcw LS-I-߃ Hcp henb]¶p-h-ln-°p-∂p-≠v.

I∏¬ \n¿am-WwIS¬ hgn-bp≈ B{I-a-W-ßsf

sNdp-°m\pw I®-h-S-Øn\pw Bbn{Ko°p-Im¿ kpk-÷-amb \mhnIhyqlw \ne-\n¿Øn-bn-cp-∂p. I∏¬\n¿amW kmt¶-XnI hnZy-bn¬ Ah¿CuPn-]vXn-s\-°mƒ hfsc apt∂m´pt]mbn. CuPn-]vjy≥ I∏-ep-Iƒ hoXnIqSn-bXpw hepXpw Bbn-cp-s∂-¶nepwAh ]e-I-Iƒ ASn®p Iq´n sImcp-sØ-Sp-Øh Bbn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬{Ko°p-Im-cpsS I∏-ep-Iƒ \o≠p saen-™h Bbn-cp -∂p. I∏-ep-Iƒ°v\s´√v (keel˛CXn\v ASn-a-cw, ]m≠n,

\uIm-[mcw Fs∂ms° ]d-bm-dp-≠v)CSp∂ kt¶Xw XpS-ßn-bXv Ah-cm-Wv. F∂m¬ Ah-cpsS I∏-ep-IƒA{X _e-hØv Bbn-cpt∂m F∂vkwibw BWv. bp≤-Øn¬ FXn-cm-fn-I-fpsS I∏-ep-I-fp-am-bp≈ Iq´n-bn-Sn-bn¬ {Ko°v I∏-ep-Iƒ XI¿∂pt]mIp-am-bn-cp-∂-t{X. _n.-kn. 250 HmsS{Ko°p-Im¿ Xß-fpsS bp≤-I-∏-ep-Iƒ°v Cubw sIm≠p≈ ]pdw-tXmSvC´p XpS-ßn-b-Xmbn ImWp-∂p.

{Ko°p-Im-cp-sS-Xmbn \mw C∂-dn-bp∂ ]e kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-Ifpw hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Ae-Ivkm-{≠nb tI{μo-I-cn®p]n∂oSv hnI-kn®p h∂ kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS kw`m-h\ Bbn-cp-∂p. CXns\sls√-\n-kvSnIv F∂mWv ]d-bm-dv.sl√mkv F∂mWv {Ko°p-Im¿ Ah-cpsS cmPysØ hnfn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. Ae-Ivkm-≠-dpsS ]S-tbm-´-Øn-\p-tijw{Ko°v kzm[o-\-Øn¬ ]Sn-™m-d≥Gjy-bn¬ hf¿∂p h∂ k¶ckwkvIr-Xnsb BWv sls√-\n-kvSnIvF∂v hnti-jn-∏n-°m-dp-≈-Xv. AXn¬CuPn-]vjy-\v, satkm-s∏m-t´-an-b-\v,t]¿jy≥ kwkvIr-Xn-I-fp -sSbpwkzm[o\w henb Af-hn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ae-Ivkm-{≠nb Bbn-cp∂pAXns‚ tI{μw.

Ipdn∏v:-˛[6] Zqc ÿe-ß-fn-te°v sh≈w

sIm≠p t]mIm-\p≈ tXmSp-I-fmWvAIz-UIv‰v (aquaduct). ]e-t∏mgpwXqWp-I-fn¬ ÿm]n® ]mØn-I-fn-eqsSBbn-cn°pw sh≈w sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-I.

[7] tUmdnIv F∂Xv tUmdn-b-∑m¿F∂ BZna {Ko°v tKm{X-°m-cn¬ \n∂vD≠mb hm°m-Wv. {Io‰pw Np‰p-]mSpwBbn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS Bÿm-\w.

[8] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parthenon

]n¬°me bqtdm-]y≥hmkvXp-hnZy Ah-ew-_n®v hymI-cW \nb-a-߃ Bhn-jvI-cn-°m-\p≈ \ntbmKw bh-\¿°mWv e`n-®-Xv.KpW\ne-hm-c-ap≈XSnbpw I√pw kpe- -am-bn-cp∂ {Kokn¬ CuPn-]vXn-se-t∏mse Xs∂XqWpw Xpem-ßfpwtN¿∂ \n¿amW ssienkzm`m-hn-I-ambpw ]n≥Xp-S-c-s∏- p. satkms∏mt´an-b-bn-se-t∏mse `oam-Im-c-amb FSp-∏p-IƒAh¿°v th≠n-h-∂n-√.F∂m¬ ]c-º-cm-KXssien-bnse Hmtcm LS-I-sØbpw Ah¿A{im¥ ]cn-{i-ahpwA\ym-Zr-iyambkuμcy-t_m-[hpwsIm≠v ]cn-]q¿W-X-bn-se-Øn-®p. ]m¿sX-t\m≥,Csd-‡nbw XpS-ßn-bhF°m-e-sØbpw anI®hmkvXp-in-ev]-ß-fmbn\ne-sIm-≈p-∂p.

48 BKÃv 2011

tIm∏¿\n°kv ac-W-i-ø-bn-emWv.Bk∂ acW Nn¥-I-fn¬ At±-lsØAe- p∂ H∂v X\n°v {Kl-ß-fn¬ kqcy-t\mSv G‰hpw kao-]-ÿ-amb _p[s\ImWm≥ Ign-™n- n√ F∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.tIm∏¿ \n°-kns‚ BZy-Ime Poh-N-cn{X cN-bn-Xm-°-fn¬ Hcm-fm-bn-cp∂Kmk≥Uv (Gassend) Xs‚ "tIm∏¿\n°-kns‚ PohnXw' (Life of Copernicus)F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ CØ-c-samcp IY CW-°n-t®¿Ø-Xn-s\-Øp-S¿∂v tPymXn-»mkv{X {KŸ-ß-fn¬ Bh¿Øn®pt]m∂ IY-bmWv ac-W-i-ø-bn¬ _p[-s\-tbm¿Øv hymIp-e-s∏-Sp∂ tIm∏¿\n-°-kns‚ Cu ssZ\y-Nn-{Xw.

"BIm-i-tKm-f-ß-fpsS {`aWw' F∂hn{ipX {KŸ-Øn¬ tIm∏¿\n-°kv

Ae-Ivkm¨{Un-b≥ hm\-\n-co-£-I¿_p[s\ I≠-Xmbn ]d-bp∂ Imcy-߃ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. AtXm-sSm∏w AXv Xm≥ hkn-°p∂ ÿe-sØ-°mƒ hy‡-ambn N{I-hmfwImWm-hp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠m-sW∂pw tcJ-s∏-Sp -Øn. Xm≥ Xma-kn -°p∂ÿesØ A¥-co£w _p[s\\nco-£n-°m≥ ]‰n-b-X√ F∂ CukqN-\-bn¬\n-∂m-hWw tIm∏¿\n-°kv _p[s\ I≠n-t´-bn√ F∂\nK-a-\-Øn¬ Poh-N-cn-{X-Im-c≥FØn-t®¿∂-Xv.

]n¬°m-eØv ]e ]WvUn-XcpwCu hnjbw hni-I-e\w sNøp-IbpwC°-Y-bn¬ A{X Ig-ºn√ F∂phmZn -°p -Ibpw sNbvXn -´p -≠v .

tIm∏¿\n-°-kn\v At±-l-Øns‚kz¥w ÿeØv _p[s\ ImWm≥Ign-™n-´n-s√-¶nepw Hº-Xp-h¿j-tØmfw C‰-en-bnepw Ipd-®p-h¿jwtdmanepw tPymXn-»mkv{Xw ]Tn-®n-cp∂At±lw _p[s\ I≠n-´p-≠m-hn√F∂Xv bp‡n-k-l-a√ F∂mWo]WvUn-X-cpsS \nK-a-\w.

IY-sb-¥m-bmepw _p[≥ \nco-£-W-Øn\v A{X hg-ßp∂ H∂-√.kqcy\v G‰hpw ASp-Øp≈ {Kl-am-b-Xp-sIm≠v kqcy-{]- -bn¬\n∂v thdn vAXns\ \nco-£n-°p-∂Xpw ZpjvIcwXs∂. kqcy≥ AkvX-an®v GXm≠vc≠p aWn-°q-dn-\Iw _p[≥ AkvX-an-°pw. DZ-bhpw Gsd-°psd kqtcym-Z-b-Øn\v c≠p-a-Wn-°q¿ apºv. qan-bpsS

IpXn-sIm-≈p∂ imkv{Xwkn.-hn. N{μ≥

_p[s‚

cl-ky-߃ tXSn

aq∂p Zi-I-߃°papºv amcn-\¿- 10 \¬Inb ]pXp-hn-h-c-߃ _p[-s\-°p-dn®vHt´sd Imcy-߃ hy‡-am-°p-Ibpw ]e kn≤m-¥-ßfpw cq]w sIm≈m≥CS-bm-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn- p-≠v. \ne-hn-ep≈ ]e kn≤m-¥-ß-sfbpw ]pXnbshfn-®-Øn¬ Xncp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp. {Kl-ß-sf-°p-dn®p am{X-a-√, kuc-bq-YsØ BI-am\w kv]¿in-°p∂ ]pØ≥hn-h-c-ß-fpsS \n[n Ipw`ßfmhpwASpØ h¿j-tØmsS sas ≥P¿ ae¿s°-Øp-d-°p-I.

imkv{X-KXn 49

N{I-hm-f-Øn¬\n∂v Gsd Db-sc-b-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ \nco-£Ww hnjaw ]nSn-®-Xp-X-s∂. D≈ ImgvN-Xs∂ A¥-co-£-hmbp hnI-e-am-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.

C∏-d-™-sXm∂pw hm\-\n-co-£-Isc ]n¥n-cn-∏n-°m≥ ]cym-]vX-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. {InkvXp-hn\v \mep \q‰m-≠p-ap-ºp-Xs∂ CØ-c-samcp BImitKmf-ap-≈-Xmbn {Ko°p-Im¿ Is≠-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ Ah¿ cmhnse ImWp-∂-Xns\ "At∏mtfm' F∂pw AkvX-ab thf-bn¬ {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂-Xns\"sl¿ankv' F∂pw c≠v {]tXyIhkvXp-°-fmbn Nn{Xo-I-cn-®p. F¶nepwXma-kn-bmsX {Ko°v tPymXn-»m-kv{X-⁄¿ CXv c≠pw H∂p-X-s∂-sb∂\nK-a-\-Øn-se-Øn. tdma-°m¿ Xß-fpsS A©-tem- -°m-c≥ ssZh-Øns‚(Mercury) t]cv AXn\p \¬In. a‰p{Kl-ß-sf-°m-sfms° thK-Øn¬BIm-i-K-a\w \S-Øp-∂-Xm-sW∂ \nco-£-W-Øn¬ \n∂m-bn-cp∂p Cu t]cv.

]ucm-WnI Ime-Øp-Xs∂ C¥y-bnse hm\-im-kv{X-⁄cpw _p[s\\nco-£n-°p-Ibpw AXns‚ hni-Zmw-i-߃ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXn- p-≠v.A©mw \q‰m-≠nse "kqcy-kn-≤m¥w'F∂ C¥y≥ tPymXn-»mkv{X {KŸ-Øn¬ _p[s‚ hymkw 3008 ssa¬BsW∂p tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.C∂v AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂ 3032ssa¬ F∂ hymk-hp-ambn CXv A¤p-X-I-c-amb kmZriyw ]pe¿Øp-∂p.

15-˛mw \q‰m-≠n¬ tIc-f-ØnepwCØcw \nco-£-W-ßfpw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øepw D≠m-b-Xmbn ImWp-∂p. {Kl-߃ kqcys\ Np‰p-∂-Xmb kn≤m¥w`mKn-I-am-sb-¶nepw \oeIWvT tkma-bmPn tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-≠v. _p[\pwAßs\ kqcys\ Np‰p -∂-XmbnAt±lw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

B[p-\nI \nco-£-W-߃_ln-cm-Imi t]S-I-ß-f-b®v kuc-

bq-Y-Ønse hnZq-c-{K-l-ßsf th -bm-Sm≥ a\p-jy≥ \S-Ønb {ia-ß-fn¬Ah-K-Wn-°-s∏´ H∂mWv Xmc-X-tay\kao-]-ÿ-amb _p[≥. kao-]-Imewhsc AXn-\p≈ {ia-ß-fp-≠m-bn-√.CXn\v X°-Xmb Imc-W-hp-ap-≠v. kqcy-t\mSv G‰hpw ASp-Øp-≈-Xm-b-Xp-Xs∂ {][m\ Imc-Ww. kqcys‚C{Xbpw ASp-tØ°v Hcp t]SIw hnS-W-sa-¶n¬ AXns\ hnt£-]n®p Ign-™m¬ A[nIw Xma-kn-bmsX thKXIpd-bv°p-hm-\p≈ kwhn-[m\w thWw.a\p-jys‚ kmt¶-XnIhn-Zy-I-fnseG‰hpw anI® t\ -ß-fn-sem-∂mb CuIgnhv t\Snb _ln-cm-Im-i-t]-SIwFgp-]-Xp-I-fpsS BZyw cq]-s∏-Sp-Ønb

Mariner-10 Bbn-cp-∂p. 1974 am¿®vapX¬ 1975 am¿®v hsc-bp≈ Ime-b-f-hn¬ CXv aq∂p-X-hW _p[s\ hewh®p. _p[s‚ {`a-W-Øns‚ khn-ti-j-X-aqew aq∂p-X-h-Wbpw amcn-\¿ hcp-tºmƒ Xs‚ Htc-hiw Xs∂-bmWv_p[≥ {]Z¿in-∏n-®-Xv. Nne lmky\S-∑m-sc-t∏m-se. etam _p[s‚ D]-cn-X-e-Øns‚ 45 iX-am\w am{Xta D]-{K-l-Øns‚ \nco-£-W-߃°p hnt[-b-am-bp-≈q.

amcn-\¿-˛10 Cu {]iv\-Øn¬ A`q-X-]q¿h-amb XpS-°hpw t\´-hp-amWvssIh-cn-®-sX-¶nepw Cu {Ktlm-]-cn-Xew ]q¿W-ambpw Z¿in-°p-I-sb-∂XvA]q¿W-amb Hcp ]≤-Xn-bmbn \ne-sIm-≠p.

sas ≥P¿Cu ZuXyw \n¿h-ln-°m-\mbn

Ata-cn-°≥ _ln-cm-Imi GP≥kn-bmb \mk 2004 BK-Ãn¬ hnt£-]n®"sas ≥P¿' Ct∏mƒ _p[s\ hewhbv°p-I-bmWv (MESSENGER-MErcurySurface, Space ENvironment, GEochemi-stry and Ranging)

Bdc h¿j-tØmfw \o≠ Cubm{X-bn¬ FÆqdptImSn Intem-ao-‰¿Zqcw Xm≠n-bmWv 2011 am¿®v 18-˛\vsas ≥P¿ _p[s\ hew-h-bv°m-\m-cw-`n -®-Xv. `qan-bpsS Zpcq-l-X-Iƒ\nd™ Cu sIm®p ktlm-Z-cs\hni-Z-ambn ]cn-tim-[n-°p-I-bmWvCXns‚ e£yw. Ct∏mƒ AXv_p[s‚ Nn{X-߃ Ab®p XpS-ßn.

37 h¿jw-apºv \mk Xs∂ Ab®

{InkvXp-hn\v \mep \q‰m-≠p-ap-ºp-Xs∂ CØ-c-samcp BImitKmf-ap-≈-Xmbn {Ko°p-Im¿ Is≠-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬Ah¿ cmhnse ImWp-∂-Xns\ "At∏mtfm'F∂pw AkvX-ab thf-bn¬ {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂-Xns\ "sl¿ankv' F∂pwc≠v {]tXyI hkvXp-°-fmbn Nn{Xo-I-cn-®p.F¶nepw Xma-kn-bmsX{Ko°v tPymXn-»m-kv{X-⁄¿ CXv c≠pw H∂p-X-s∂-sb∂ \nK-a-\-Øn-se-Øn. tdma-°m¿ Xß-fpsS A©-tem- -°m-c≥ssZh-Øns‚ t]cvAXn\p \¬In. a‰p{Kl-ß-sf-°m-sfms°thK-Øn¬ BIm-i-K-a\w \S-Øp-∂-Xm-sW∂\nco-£-W-Øn¬ \n∂m-bn-cp∂p Cu t]cv.

50 BKÃv 2011

Mariner-10 Nne Nn{X-߃ Ab-®n-cp-∂p. amcn-\¿°v _p[s‚ ]Ip-Xn-bn¬Xmsg mKw am{Xta Z¿in-°m-\m-bp-≈q.sas ≥P¿ AXoh hy‡-X-bp≈75,000 Nn{X-ß-fn-eqsS _p[s‚ D]-cn-Xew ]q¿W-ambpw Zriy-am-°pw. Nn{X-߃°p ]pdsa Ht´sd hnh-c-ß-fpwAXv tiJ-cn-°m-\p≈ D]-I-c-W-ßfpwAXn¬ LSn-∏n-®n-´p-≠v. BZysØNn{X-ß-fn-sem-∂n¬Xs∂ DebussyF∂v \ma-I-cWw sNø-s∏´ 90 In.-ao.hymk-ap≈ K¿Øw AXns‚ hni-Zmw-i-ß-tfmsS Zriy-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v. CXvZ£nW {[ph-Øn-em-Wv. CXn-\p-apºvImWm≥ Ign-™n-´n-√mØ Hcp mKw.kqcys‚ ITn-\-amb NqSn¬\n∂v c£-t\-Sm-\p≈ Hcp {]tXyI IpS-bp-ambnsas ≥P¿ Hcp-h¿jw \ofp∂ ]cy-th-£-W-Øn-s\m-cp-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. C∏-d-™Xv `qan-bpsS Hcp h¿j-am-Wv.F∂m¬ _p[-\n¬ CXv c≠p-Zn-hkwam{Xw. ImcWw A®p-X-≠n¬ Hcp{`aWw ]q¿Øn-bm-°m≥ _p[≥ qan-bpsS IW-°n¬ 176 Znh-k-sa-Sp°pw

_p[s‚ {`aWw_p[s\ kw_-‘n® Ht´sd

Imcy-߃ ]ucm-WnI tPymXn-»m-kv{X-⁄¿°dn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p. qan-bn¬ \ne-bp-d-∏n-®p-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ Nn{X-ßfpwKW-\-ßfpw sIm≠v Ah¿ IW-°p-I-fp-≠m-°n. Ccp-]Xmw \q‰m-≠ns‚BZy-]-Ip-Xn-bn¬ C°m-cy-Øn¬ Gsdhy‡-X-bp-≠m-bn. kqcys\ Hcp XhWNp‰m-s\-Sp-°p∂ kabw Xs∂-bmWv_p[s‚ A®p-X-≠nse Hcp {`a-W-

Øn\p th≠-Xv. CXn-\¿∞w _p[s‚Hcp hiw Ft∏mgpw kqcy-s\-XnscXs∂-bm-bncn°pw F∂m-Wv. CXn¬-\n∂v e`n-°m-hp∂ as‰mcp hnkva-b-I-c-amb \nK-a\w _p[≥ kuc-bq-Y-Ønse G‰hpw Xm]-ta-dnb {Kl-am-sW-∂pw, AtXm-sSm∏w G‰hpw XWp-t∏-dn-bXpw! ÿnc-ambn kqcy\v adp-h-iØp \n¬°p∂ mKw XWp∏p Xs∂-bm-hp-a-t√m. CØcw {`a-W-Øn\v syn-chronous rotation F∂p ]d-bpw. ]n∂oSvdUm-dp-Iƒ \ne-hn¬ h∂-tXmsSC°mcyw Aev]-kzev]w t`Z-K-Xn-I-tfmsS ÿnco-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

`qan -bn¬ \n¿an® t]S-I-ambsas ≥P-dn\v km[m-c-W-K-Xn-bn¬_p[s‚ ]cn-k-c-Øp≈ Xm]w Xmßm-\m-hn-√. ImcWw AXv kqcyt\mSvG‰hpw ASpØp \n¬°p-∂p. CXn-\mbn Cu t]S-I-Øn\v henb Hcp IpS\n¿an®p \¬In-bn-´p-≠v kqcy-Xm]wsNdp°m≥. AXn-√m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ AXv_p[≥ t\cn-Sp∂ Xm]-\ne (4500C)G‰p-hmßn Icn™p t]mIp-am-bn-cp-∂p._p[s‚ D¤h ]cn-Wm-a-ß-sf-°p-dn®vhne-s∏´ hnh-c-߃ sas ≥P¿\¬Ip-sa-∂mWv imkv{X-⁄-cpsS{]Xo-£.

kuc-bq-Y-Ønse \mev Jc-cq-]n-I-fmb {Kl-ß-fn-sem-∂mWv _p[≥.ip{I≥, qan, sNmΔ F∂n-h-bmWv a‰paqs∂-Æw. C°m-cWw sIm≠pw kqcy-t\mSv G‰hpw ASpØ {Kl-am-b-Xp-sIm≠pw kuc-bq-Y-Øns‚ D¤-h-sØbpw ]cn-Wm-a-sØbpw kw_-‘n® hnh-c-߃ \¬Im≥ Cu ]cy-

th-j-W-Øn-\m-Ipw. Cu \mep {Kl-ß-fn¬ G‰hpw sNdpXpw G‰hpwkm{μ-X-tb-dn-bXpw _p[≥ Xs∂. Iq -Øn¬ G‰hpw ]g-°-ta-dnb D]-cn-X-ehpw _p[-t‚-Xm-Wv. {]X-e-Xm] hyXn-bm-\hpw Cu {Kl-Øn-\p-X-s∂.

apJy-ambpw Bdp tNmZy-߃°vDØcw tXSn-bmWv sa ≥P¿ {]hr-Øn-bm-cw- n-®ncn°p-∂-Xv. {Kl-Øns‚km{μ-X, D¤h Ncn-{Xw, B¥-cnIIm¥n-I-h-e-bw, {[ph-ß-fnse ]Zm¿∞-߃, A¥-co-£-Øns‚ _mly-X-ew,Dƒ°m-ºns‚ LS\. C°m-cy-ß-sf-°p-dn-®-dn-bm≥ Ign-bp∂ hkvXp-XIƒimkv{X-⁄-cpsS ]e kwi-b-ßfpw]cn-l-cn-t®-°pw. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v_p[s‚ Dƒ°m-ºns‚ km{μ-X-sb-°p-dn®v t\Sp∂ hnh-c-߃ AXns‚ L\-kz-`m-h-sØ-bpw, `qan°p kZr-i-ambIm¥nI he-b-sØbpw IqSp-X¬hy‡-ambn a\- n-em-°m≥ klm-bn°pw.

aq∂p Zi-I-߃°papºv amcn-\¿- 10\¬Inb ]pXp-hn-h-c-߃ _p[-s\-°p-dn®v Ht´sd Imcy-߃ hy‡-am-°p-Ibpw ]e kn≤m-¥-ßfpw cq]wsIm≈m≥ CS-bm-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn- p-≠v. \ne-hn-ep≈ ]e kn≤m-¥-ß-sfbpw ]pXnb shfn-®-Øn¬ Xncp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp. {Kl-ß-sf-°p-dn®pam{X-a-√, kuc-bq-YsØ BI-am\wkv]¿in-°p∂ ]pØ≥hn-h-c-ß-fpsS\n[n Ipw`ßfmhpw ASpØ h¿j-tØmsS sas ≥P¿ ae¿s°-Øp-d-°p-I.

imkv{X-KXn 51

IÆpXpd∂

hn{K-l-߃

imkv{X-KXn 51

imkv{X-IY{]k∂ kn.

IÆpXpd∂

hn{K-l-߃

Zpcn-Xw, IjvS-∏m-Sv, th\¬, ag-bn-√,kky-߃ DW-ßp-∂p. Ah-bn¬Aÿn-]-RvP-ß-fmbn Pohn-Iƒ Dd-ßp-∂p. DW-cmØ Dd-°w. Adn-hns‚ AXn-{]-k-cw, BI-kvanI I≠p-]n-Sn-Ø-߃, Pohs‚ Rc-°w, Pohn-I-fpsSsRcp-°w... hni-∏-I-‰m≥ [m\y-an-√.`qan-bpsS Hmtcm tImWn-te-°p-ap≈Fs‚ bm{X XpS-ßn. Igp-Øn-tebpwI£-tØbpw hnb¿∏p-]-c -ep -Iƒ{_jp-sIm≠v XqØp hrØn-bm-°n.Pe Zu¿e`yw Ipfnbpw IpSnbpwapS°n.... sI´nS kap-®-b-߃ ]n∂n-em°n Rm≥ \S∂p \oßn. Ip´n-I-fpsS Ie-]ne i_vZw tI´p-sIm-≠mWvRm≥ B mK-tØ°v \oßn-b-Xv. BImgvN Fs∂ A¤p-X-s∏-Sp-Øn. 3˛4

G°-tdmfw ]®-∏v, hb-ep-Iƒ, ac-߃,Ip∂p-Iƒ, ]pg, Ipfw, ]ip-°ƒ tabp-∂p, ]£n-Iƒ ac-ß-fn¬ Ccp∂v ]mSp-∂p. AXv I≠-t∏mtg Fs‚ hni∏vamdn Zmlw AI-∂p. Fs‚ kz]v\-`q-an, ssZhw Xs‚ ]q¿hn-I¿°v kΩm-\n® Duj-c- q-an. ssZh-sa∂ imkv{X-⁄s\ A`n-\-μn-®p. B ]®-∏n-\-cp-In¬ I≠ sI´n-S-Øn-te°v Rm\mZywIb-dn. AsXmcp kvIqƒ Bbn-cp-∂p.Ip´n-I-fpsS apJw ImWm≥ Rms\Ønt\m°n. Hma-\-Xz-ap≈ apJ-Øn\p]Icw πmÃnIv DSp-∏n´ t]t°m-e-ß-sf-t∏m-se, Xe-ap-Sn. P¿a≥ Du¿P-X-{¥-⁄-\mb KpkvXhv epUvhnKvslgvkn-s\-t∏mse Xe-tbm- n-bn¬ Dd-bn´ apJ-߃. ico-c-Øn¬ Zitb C√.

sXmen Np°n-Np-fn™v IÆp-Iƒ ]pd-tØ°v X≈nb kam\ cq]-߃.""]≠v Fs‚ sNdp-∏-Im-e-Øp≈ Hma-\-°p´n apJ-ß-sf-hnsS?

s]s´∂v ssa°v A\u¨kvsa‚ vh∂p. hcn-bmbn \n¬°p-I. `£WwDSs\ FØpw. Rm\pw Bi-tbmsSt\m°n-\n-∂p. as‰mcp Npfn™ cq]wAhnsS FØn. t{Sbn¬ c≠p _ufp-Iƒ am{Xta D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. Hcp_ufn¬ n√dpw at‰-Xn¬ KpfnI cq]-Øn-ep≈ Ft¥m F∂pw. Ip´n-I-fpsSB¿Øn H∂p ImtW-≠-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.Ip´n-Iƒ hcn-h-cn-bmbn \n∂p. hnf-ºp-Im-c≥ Ip´n-I-fpsS Acn-I-sØØn.s]s´∂v Ip´n-Iƒ hmb Xpd-∂p. ]√p-Iƒ ZwjvS-߃t]mse ImW-s∏-´p.

imkv{X-KXn 51

Rm≥ TV Switch Aa¿Øn. s]s´∂v S°v F∂ i_vZ-tØmsS TV {]h¿Ø\wBcw- n®p. ]t£ apºn¬ TV Screen {]Xy-£-am-bn-√. ]Icw TV C√msXXs∂IÆn¬ TV cwK-߃ sXfn™p h∂p. Np‰p-]m-Sp-Ifpw ImWmw. AXn-ibwRm≥ TV AW-®p. Ice cream F∂ button- sR°n. AXm Icecream s‚ cpNnbpwXWp∏pw \mhn¬ h∂p. ]t£ sFkv{Iow FhnsS? cpNn Bh-iyw-t]mse\pI¿∂v Switch off sNbvXp. AC button- sR°n. s]s´∂v icocw AC-room-¬ \n∂{]Xo-Xn. Hot sR°n. icocw NqSm-bn.....

52 BKÃv 201152

{ZwjvS-߃°n-S-bn-eqsS \mhv ]pd-tØ°v X≈n-°m-Wn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p.hnf-ºp-Im-c≥ t]mfntbm acp∂v \¬Ip-∂-t]mse ^n√¿ hgn 5 Xp≈n hoXwPew \mhn-te-°n-‰n®p sImSp-Øp.C\nbpw C\nbpw Ip´n-Iƒ apd-hnfnIq´n. s]s´∂v _o]v _o]v ku≠vtI´p tjmt°-‰-Xp-t]mse Ip´n-Iƒ\ni-_vZ-cm-bn.

{ioI-WvT≥ \mb-cpsS ""Ip´nØwhn´ _mey-߃'' F∂ IhnX Hm¿a-h-∂p. ""Ip´o \n\-s°mcp ]´w-˛CuG´nse ho´o∂p In´n.. IjvSw AXn¬h≈n-s]m- o, X´ns‚ tamfn-e-sXm- n....''

^n√-dnse Pew \¬In Ign™vHmtcm Kpfn-I-t]m-ep≈ Blm-chpw\¬In. hnf-ºp-Im-c≥ A{]-Xy-£-\m-bn. hnf-ºp-Imsc Iq´p ]nSn-®m¬Aev]w Poh-Pew IpSn-°m≥ In´n-bm-tem.... Rm≥ AI-tØm v \S-∂p. Ac•mkv sh≈-Øn-\mbn ISn-]nSn IqSp∂10 hnf-ºp-Im-c-∑msc I≠p. Ip´n-I-fpsStdj-\n¬ \n∂v 1 Xp≈n-h®v H∏n-®-XmWv F∂v Xe-h≥ ]d-bp-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]nSn-h-en-bn¬ B •mkv Xmsg-hoWv sh≈w Xqhn. DSs\ hnf-ºp-Im-c≥ Xd-bn¬ Ia∂v InS∂v AXns\\°n-°p-Sn-®p. ""Imew D≠m-°p∂ptImew'' Rmt\m¿Øp. Rm≥ kvIqƒhn´n-dßn. F¥m-bmepw kvIqfn\papºnse ]mS-Øn¬ \oscm-gp°v ImWm-Xn-cn-°n-√.

B ]®-∏n-te-°n-d-ßn, IÆp-IƒXpd-∂v, sNhn-Iƒ Iq¿∏n®v ]®-a-Æns‚ aWw hen-s®-Sp-°m≥. Hcne

]ns®-Sp-°m≥ t\m°n.. h∂n-√. Ahn-sS-sb-hn-sStbm Hcp Aemd \mZw tI´p.]ns∂bpw \S-∂p, \\™ aÆn¬ Nhn-´m≥ sImXn-tbmsS ]mZ-c-£-Iƒ Ducn-am-‰n... Nhn´p ]mbn¬ \S-°p∂tXm∂te D≠m-bp-≈q... Rm≥ kq£n-®p-t\m-°n... sR´n... Fs‚ sR -en¬`qan hnd-]q-≠p-Im-Wpw. πmÃnIv ]p√p-Iƒ. I≠m¬ Xncn-®-dn-bn-√.... ]ip-°sf I≠v.... ASp-tØm´p sN∂p.]ip-hns‚ IÆn¬ Nph∂ sse‰p-I-Øn. ]ip-hns‚ sXm´n-bn¬ ]e ]ethÃp-Iƒ C´n-cn-°p-∂p. πmÃnIvXn∂p∂ πmÃnIv ]ip. CXns‚NmWIw πmÃnIv hb-en\v hf-am-°m-\m-bn-cn°pw IjvSw˛ Ime-Øns‚t\m°p-sI´ t]m°v...

AhnsS \n∂v Cd-ßn \S-∂p. ]e-h-gn-Iƒ ]n∂n-´p. Xe-I-d-ßp-∂-Xp-t]mse sX∂n-ho-Wp, Xe-Ip-Ø-s\.]nS-s™-gp-t∂-‰p... Xe-bn¬ hgpØ{ZmhIw H´n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. \o‰¬ D≠v.`qan-bpsS GtXm emhm-{]-hm-l-Øns‚Ah-in-jvS-am-bn-cp-∂p. AsX. I≠p-]n-Sn-°m≥ t]mIp∂ 230- mw aqe-Iw. Xe-hr-Øn-bm-°m≥ F¥p-h-gn. ]ns∂bpw\S∂p. aXn-e-cn-In¬ ]®-\n-d-Øn-ep≈]q∏¬ ]‰n-∏n-Sn-®n-cp-∂p. AXv Cf-°n-sb-SpØv Xe-Xp-S-®p. ]t£ AXn-ibwshÆ Aen-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse ]q∏¬Xe-bn-e-en-™p-t]m-bn. IqsS Xe-ap-Sn-bpw. hgpØ {ZmhIw amdn... Ipd®p\S-∂-t∏mƒ Ipd-®p-t]¿ Ipfn-°p-∂-Xp-I-≠p. tImcn tZl-sØm-gn-°p-∂p-≠v.]m¬ \nd-am-Wv. ASpØp sN∂-t∏m-gmWv I≠Xv XWpØ t\cnb aW¬tZl-sØm-gn-°p-tºmƒ tZlsØ Agp-°p-Iƒ \oßp-∂p. hnb¿∏p ]c-ep-Iƒamdp-∂p. sXmen akmPp sNbvX-Xp-t]mse DW¿hm-Ip-∂p. F¥m-bmepwRm\Xv ]co-£n-®n-√.

t\cw Ccp-´n shfp-Øp. apJØvkqcy-{]-Imiw X´n-b-t∏mƒ Ft¥m HcpDW¿Δv tXm∂n. Xe-bn¬ Ft¥m Hcp{]tXy-IX tXm∂n, Xe-bn¬ \n∂v{]k-cn∏v tZl-amsI ]S¿∂p. \m°n¬a[pcw A\p-`-h-s∏-´p. £oWw ]ºIS-∂p. ]ns∂bpw Rm≥ \S-∂p. IqSp-X¬ IqSp-X¬ shbn-te¬°pt¥mdpwIqSp-X¬ Dt∑-j-hm-\mbn Rm≥, Ão¬sI´n-S-ß-fpsS ASp-ØqsS \S∂p.s]s´∂v ]® Xe-bp≈ Hcp cq]wsI´n-S-Øn¬ {]Xn- -en®p I≠p. Rm≥H‰p-t\m°n B cq]-Øns‚ Rm\p-ambnhfsc kmayX tXm∂n.... ]t£ Ah-i- mhw amdn kpμ-c-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂p, H‰-°p-g∏w am{Xw ]® Ij-≠n-Ø-e.Rm≥ Fs‚ Xe XS-hn... AXm {]Xn-_nw-_hpw Xe-X-S-hp-∂p. kwi-b-an-√.Rm≥ Xs∂-bm-W-Xv. ]t£ ]® sam -

AhnsS \n∂v Cd-ßn \S-∂p. ]e-h-gn-Iƒ ]n∂n- p.Xe-I-d-ßp-∂-Xp-t]msesX∂n-ho-Wp, Xe-Ip-Ø-s\. ]nS-s™-gp-t∂-‰p...Xe-bn¬ hgpØ{ZmhIw H´n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.\o‰¬ D≠v. `qan-bpsSGtXm emhm-{]-hm-l-Øns‚ Ah-in-jvS-am-bn-cp-∂p. AsX. I≠p-]n-Sn-°m≥ t]mIp∂ 230- mwaqe-Iw. Xe-hr-Øn-bm-°m≥ F¥p-h-gn.]ns∂bpw \S∂p. aXn-e-cn-In¬ ]®-\n-d-Øn-ep≈]q∏¬ ]‰n-∏n-Sn-®n-cp-∂p.AXv Cf-°n-sb-SpØv Xe-Xp-S-®p. ]t£ AXn-ibwshÆ Aen-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse ]q∏¬ Xe-bn-e-en-™p-t]m-bn

imkv{X-KXn 53imkv{X-KXn 53

Øe A¥- p-I-f-bp-a-t√m.. Rmt\m¿Øp Hcp sXm∏n In´n-sb-¶n¬:

am¿°‰pw kq∏¿am¿°‰pw tXSn.Hcmƒ°q´w I≠p. BIm-iØv \n∂vHcp Iq‰≥ Ipg¬ Xmtgm- v. hoep-IfpwD≠v, Ipg-e√ henb ^W¬, henbhmh- -ap≈ W¬ AXns‚ apI-fn¬henb ]™n-s°- p-t]m-se... Hm AhtaL-ß-fm-Wv. c≠p slen-tIm-]vS¿ h -an´v ]d∂v Ft¥m hnX-dp-∂p-≠v. IS-en-c-ºp∂ i_vZw˛^W-ens‚ Xmsghenb ho∏-Iƒ AXn-\p-≈n-te°vFt¥m h∂p ]Xn-°p∂ i_vZw-˛-ho-∏-Iƒ Rm≥ {i≤n-®p. Poh-Pew F∂m-bn-cp∂p AXn-se-gp-Xn-bn-cp-∂-Xv. HmtaL-ßsf ]ngn-bp∂ b{¥w.. CXm-W-t√... Xmsg tIme-߃ km{am-Py-߃ hne-t]-ip-∂-Xp-t]m-se... I-º-\n-Iƒ sh≈-Øn\p hne-t]-ip-∂p. tImSn-I-fn¬ Ipd™ kwJy Rm≥ tI´n-√.

]ns∂bpw \S-∂p. sXm∏n hmßm≥hat showroom I≠n-√. s]s´∂v Np‰pwCcp -≠-t]mse NqSp Ipd -™p.]¥tem XW¬ hr£-ßtfm C√...Xd hn≠p-Io-dn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬NqSp-Ip-d-hm-Wt√m Rm≥ Np‰pw {i≤n-®p. IdpØ [mcmfw XqWp-I-sf-°-≠p....-C-h-bmWv shbn¬ IpSn-°p∂ªm°v ]nt√gvkv. Ch ÿm]n-®m¬ B`mK-ß-fn¬ NqSp Ipd-hmbn tXm∂pw.

]ns∂bpw \S-∂p. AXm Hcp]m¿e¿. sFkv{Iow ]m¿edpw _yq´n]m¿edpw A√. AsXmcp HmIvkn-P≥]m¿e¿ Bbn-cp-∂p. Imip-≈-h¿°vam{Xw D]-tbm-Kn-°m-hp∂ ]m¿e¿- -A-hn-sSbpw Iyq I≠p... Hcp \mb Ipc-®p-sIm≠v Imen¬ LSn-∏n® b{¥-hp-ambn HmSn-b-I-∂p.

Ah-km\w kq∏¿am¿°-‰ns‚ \S-bn-se-Øn. IS-°m-cs\ I≠n-√. Hc-i-co-cn-am{Xw F¥p-th-Ww- -BZyw....-F-s¥-¶nepw IpSn-°-Ww- -s]-s´∂v b{¥a\p-jy≥ FØn. Rm\-t±-lsØ ]n≥Xp-S¿∂p. b{¥a\p-jy≥ Xncn™pt\m°n Hcp aqe-bn-te°v Ft¥mBwKyw ImWn-®p. Rm≥ t\m°n-b-t∏mƒ c≠p b{¥a\p-jy¿ kvt\lw]¶n-Sp-I-bm-Wv. Hcmƒ as‰m-cm-fpsS Xe-bn¬ XS-hp-∂p. tj°v lm‚ v \¬Ip-∂p...... -b-{¥-a-\p-jy¿..... -km-[m-a-\p-jysc IS-Øn-sh-´ptam Rm≥ Nn¥n-®p. a\p-jy\v ac-hn® hnIm-c-߃b{¥-a-\p-jy¿ {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂p.... CXvIen-Im-ew.

Nn¥n-°m≥ ka-b-an-√. Hmtcmtjmdq-anepw Ibdn “drinks” F∂t_m¿Up I≠-t∏mƒ Rm≥ \n∂pIqsS b{¥-a-\p-jy-\pw. Fresh milk, Freshmango juice, Fresh grape juice.... F√mw

Fresh..... a\p-jy≥ am{Xw Fresh A√.amß-bpw, ap¥n-cn-ßbpw H∂pw I≠n-√..... henb ]co-£-W-im-e-t]m-se......culture sNbvsX-Sp-°p∂ ]mepw juiceDw Hs° hn[n ssh]-cy-am-sW-¶nepw_tbm-sS-Ivt\m-f-Pn-bpsS hnImkw-kw.D∏p tamln-®-h\v D∏n-en-´Xv Xr]vXn-bm-hptam Rm\-hnSw hn´p......

Readymade chicken.. Atßm´pt\m°n. acw-t]m-esØ imJ-I-fn¬Nn°≥Im-ep-Iƒ Imbv®p In-S-°p-∂p.F\n°o sdUn-sabvUv Nn°≥ th≠i¿±n-°m≥ h∂p...

]ns∂-°-≠Xv hnj-a-ap-≠m-°n...Readymade babies... & Rent a baby F∂p-ap≈ t_m¿Uv BWv... Fß-s\-bp≈Ip™v thWw F∂v ]d-™m¬ aXn.Hcp amkw-sIm≠v Ip™p sdUn.]ns∂bpw a\p-jy≥ Pbn®p ssZhwtXm‰p... Hma-\n -°m≥ Ip™ns\thtWm... Hma-\n-®n v Xncn®p Xt∂m-fq...Cu Ip™p-߃ hf-cn-√. hb- m-hp-Ibpw C√.. . P∑m-¥ckpIrXßtfm¿Øv hnjaw tXm∂n.

ASp-Ø-Xm-bn-cp∂p Hat showroom.AhnsS \n∂v Hcp atomic hat hmßn.Fs‚ ]®-Ø-e-bpsS kuμcyw BcpwImW≠ F∂ Dt±iw am{Xta F\n-°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q..... F∂m¬ B IS-bn¬ CXp-t]m-ep-≈h am{Xta D≈q.Hat \ndsb switches Bbn-cp-∂p. HatRm≥ Xe-bn¬ ^n‰v sNbvXp. Hcpswitch TV, Telephone, radio, AC, Oxy-gen.. hot.. Aß-s\. Rm≥ TV SwitchAa¿Øn. s]s´∂v S°v F∂ i_vZ-tØmsS TV {]h¿Ø\w Bcw-`n®p.]t£ apºn¬ TV Screen {]Xy-£-am-

]ns∂bpw \S-∂p.sXm∏n hmßm≥ hatshowroom I≠n-√.s]s´∂v Np‰pw Ccp-≠-t]mse NqSp Ipd-™p.]¥tem XW¬ hr£-ßtfm C√... Xd hn≠p-Io-dn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.F∂m¬ NqSp-Ip-d-hm-Wt√m Rm≥ Np‰pw{i≤n-®p. IdpØ [mcmfwXqWp-I-sf-°-≠p....-C-h-bmWv shbn¬ IpSn-°p∂ ªm°v ]nt√gvkv.Ch ÿm]n-®m¬B `mK-ß-fn¬ NqSpIpd-hmbn tXm∂pw.

54 BKÃv 201154

bn-√. ]Icw TV C√msXXs∂ IÆn¬TV cwK-߃ sXfn™p h∂p. Np‰p-]m-Sp-Ifpw ImWmw. AXn-ibw Rm≥TV AW-®p. Ice cream F∂ button-¬sR°n. AXm Icecream s‚ cpNnbpwXWp∏pw \mhn¬ h∂p. ]t£sFkv{Iow FhnsS? cpNn Bh-iyw-t]mse \pI¿∂v Switch off sNbvXp.AC button-¬ sR°n. s]s´∂v icocwAC-room˛¬ \n∂ {]Xo-Xn. Hot sR°n.icocw NqSm-bn..... Fs¥ms° adn-am-b-߃. CsX-ßs\ km[n-°p-∂p. HatDw brain\pambn _‘w Dt≠m... Xe-t®m-dns\ I_-fn-∏n®v Cu A\p-`-h-߃ km[y-am-°p-∂-Xm-tWm... CuSwitch H∂pw {]h¿Øn-∏n-°≠m F∂pRm≥ Xocp-am-\n -®p. ""Um¿hns‚k¿ssh-h¬ Hm v Z n‰Ãv'' Hm¿Øp--]p-Xnb I≠p-]n-Sp-Ø-߃°v- Scrutinity

of the scientist F∂ t]cpw Rm≥\¬In. Xe-bn¬ Hat h®-Xn-\p-tijw£oWw tXm∂n-b-t√m. Rm≥ Hm¿ØpHat Ducn-t\m-°mw. Xe-bn¬ shbn¬X´n £oWw ]º-I-S-∂p. F¥m-bn-cn°mw Imc-Ww. Nn¥-Iƒ Fs∂A¥n-hsc sIms≠-Øn-®p. Rm\p-dßnkpJ-\n-{Z. ]nt‰∂v kqcy-{]-ImiwFØn. Rm\pw sdUn-bm-bn. k‘y-bm-hp-tºmƒ Dd°w Xqßp∂ Dd°w Xqßnac-ß-tfbpw kqcy-s\-°m-Wp-tºmƒDjm-dm -hp∂ kqcy -Im -¥n -∏q -°-tfbpw°pdn®v Rmt\m¿Øp.... AtXkqcy≥ h∂m¬ hni-∏p-am-dp∂ BhnZy... F√mw F\n°p a\- n-embn.Rm≥... Fs‚ ]®-Øe... Fs‚ Xe-bn¬- -tIm-i-߃°p-≈n¬ Ib-dn-∏-‰nbGod’s small thing... lcn-X-IWw AtXt¢mtdm-πm-kva. ChnsS ssZhw Pbn-®p..._p-≤n-bpsS ]nim-Np-°ƒ I≠p-]n-Sn®

I≠p]nSnØ-ß-tf-°mƒ t{ijvTw... Hcp^n√¿ Pew Rm≥ hmßn-°p-Sn-®p.Fs‚ P∑-c-lkyw Rm≥ a\- n-em-°n.`qansb ]gb ]Sn-bm-°-Ww. Nn¥bpwImep-Ifpw ]pd-tIm v \oßn. 230- mwaqeIw Rm≥ tiJ-cn®p. H∏w Xe-bn¬XpS® B ]®-∏m-bepw. ]®-∏m-b-en\pt]cn- p Trans chloro. C\n F\n-s°mcp Iq´p-Im-cnsb thWw. TV bn¬advertisement \SØn. ]ckyw I≠vNncn-°-t√. Xe sam -bm-hm≥ XmXv]-cy-ap-≈-h¿ am{Xw At]-£n-®m¬ aXn.H∂√ H∂n-e-[nIw Iq´p-Im-cn-I-sf-°n-´n. Ah-cpsS Iq´p-Imcpw Iq´w tN¿∂p.i\n N{μ-\p-ambn ap´n-bp-cp-Ωnb BZnhkw R߃ Xe-bn¬ 230- mw aqeIwtX®p. 4 aWn-°q¿ Ign™v ]®-∏m-b-emb Trans chloro tX®p... R߃ ]®Xe-b-∑m-cm-bn... shbn-ep-h-∂p. Iq´p-Im¿D’m-l- -cn-X-cm-bn... lcnX kplr-Øp-°ƒ... Nen-°p∂ kky-a-\p-jy-cm-bn,Cc-tX-Sm-≠mØ a\p-jy¿- -R-߃ HcpXocp-am-\-sa-Sp-Øp. Fs¥-¶nepw \∑sNø-Ww. tIm´q¿t°mWw amß-bp-tSbpw tX≥ hcn-°-bp-tSbpw Hm¿a-h-∂p.Hat se button Aa¿Øn. R߃ kzmZvBkz-Zn-®n-√. ]Icw qan-bn¬ ]≠p-≠m-bn-cp∂ ssPh-ssh-hn[yw apgp-h≥Xncn®v ]Sp-Øp-b¿Øp-hm≥ Xocp-am-\n-®p. R߃°v Blmcw th≠-t√m.R߃ ]cn-{i-an-°p-hm≥ XpS-ßn. aÆvInf-®pw, taLw ]ngn™pw B{K-l-߃ Hat ¬ HXp-°nbpw R߃ ]cn-{i-an®p. \mam-h-ti-j-am-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ P¥p-°ƒ°v Ah-cpsS lm_n-‰m‰v krjvSn-®p. lcn-Xm- -am°n qan- -l-cnX P\-Xsb krjvSn®p. R߃lcnX tZh-X-I-fm-bn- -Rm≥ lcn-X-tZ-h-cm-P-\mb C{μ-\pw.

imkv{X-K-Xnsb

kw_-‘n®

A`n-{]m-b-ßfpw

IØp-Ifpw

FUn-‰¿

imkv{X-K-Xn, ]cn-jZv h≥,

IpXn-c-h´w sebv≥,

Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw ˛ 695 001

Csa-bn¬ : kssptvpm@yahoo.comF∂ hnem-k-Ønepw

hcn-kwJy, ]cm-Xn-Iƒ F∂nh

amt\-PnMv FUn-‰¿

]cn-j-Zv -h≥,

Nme-∏pdw ]n.-H.,

tImgn-t°mSv 2

Csa-bn¬ :

ksspmagazine@gmail.comF∂ hnem-k-Ønepw

Ab-bv°pI

imkv{X-KXn 55imkv{X-KXn 55

]pkvX-I-]-cn-NbwPn.Fkv. DÆnIrjvW≥

]T\ klmbnIƒ°v Gsd {]m[m-\yap≈ ImeamWnXv. F∂m¬ ]e-t∏mgpw Cu ]T\klmbnIƒ ]mTy-`mKØns‚ Bh¿Ø\-kz`mhØn-emWv Xbmdm°p∂sX∂mWv Zptcym-Kw. Ip´nIfpsS hn⁄m\hpw ImgvN-∏mSpsams° hn]peam°pwhn[w,hnjbsØ°pdn®v A[nI Adnhv]Icp∂Xpw XmXv]cyw P\n∏n°p∂-Xp-ambn-cn°Ww Cu ]T\klm-bnIƒ. F∂m¬ am{Xta hnZym¿∞nI-ƒ°pw A[ym]I¿°pw AXpsIm≠v{]tbmP\ap≠mhpIbp≈q. CuKWØn¬s∏SpØmhp∂, hfschn⁄m\{]Zamb Hcp ]pkvXIamWvF≥.Fkv. Acp¨Ipamdns‚ ""P\n-XI-`£Ww: Bi¶Ifpw {]Xo£-Ifpw.''

C∂v Gsd N¿®sNøs∏Sp∂hnjbamWv "P\nXI`£Ww' (GM

P\nXI`£Ww:

Adntb≠sX√mw

Food). AXpsIm≠pXs∂ ]pXnbXeapdbv°v CtX°pdn®v hy‡amb[mcW D≠mth≠Xv AXymhiyamWv.]mTy]≤Xnbn¬ ]cma¿in°s∏Sp∂Hcp hnjbw F∂Xnep]cn, \ΩpsS\nXyPohnXsØ kzm[o\n°p∂XmWvP\nXI `£Whpw P\nXI ]cn-h¿-Ø\hpw. hm¿Ømam[yaßfn¬ P\n-XI hnfIfpambn _‘s∏´v Ht´sdhm¿ØIfpw ^o®dpIfpw {]Xy£-s∏Sp-∂p≠v. F∂m¬ Ch ]et∏mgpwimkv{XobXbneq∂nbX√mØXn\m¬kaqlØn¬ sX‰n≤mcWIƒ ]cØp-∂hbmbn amdnbn´p≠v. AXpsIm≠vP\nXI`£Ww F∂ hnjbØns‚s\√pw ]Xncpw imkv{Xobambn A]-{K-Yn-t°≠Xpw AXv ]pXpXeapd-sbbpw s]mXpkaqsØbpw t_m[y-s∏SptØ≠Xpw kp{][m\ ZuXyambnamdp∂p.

CXpXs∂bmWv Acp¨Ipamdns‚]pkvXIsØ thdn´p \ndpØp∂Xpw.imkv{X{KŸßƒ°v Ahiywth≠IrXyX ]men®psIm≠v, ]q¿Wambpwimkv{XobXbneq∂nbmWv Cu]pkvXIw cNn°s∏´ncn°p∂Xv. hnj-bsØ {Iam\pKXambn Dƒ-s°m≈m≥klmbn°pwhn[Ønep≈ {KŸ-kwhn[m\w \q‰nap∏tXmfw t]PpI-fn¬ \nPs∏SpØp∂Xn¬ {KŸImc≥hnPbn®ncn°p∂p. XpS°Øn¬ P\n-X-Iam‰Øns‚ Ncn{XsØ°pdn®vkNn{Xamb hnhcWap≠v. Po≥, Un.-F≥.F. LS\, Po≥am‰w F∂n-hsb-°pdn®p≈ ASnÿm\hnhc߃kmam\yw hniZambnØs∂bmWvhnhcn°p∂Xv. XpS¿∂v P\nXI]-cn-h¿Ø\w hcpØnb hnfkky߃,AhbpsS ta∑Iƒ, tZmj^e߃shfn-s∏SpØm\mbn \SØnb ]co£-

P\nXI hgpX\ hnhmZambt∏mƒ,BZysØ P\nXI-hnfAXmsW∂pt]mepw Nne am[ya߃FgpXn∏nSn-∏n°p-Ibp-≠mbn.P\nXI`£yhnfIƒ a‰pcmPyßfnsem∂pw D]tbm-Kn°p∂n-s√∂pt]mepw sX‰mb dnt∏m¿´pIƒh∂p. CØcw {]NmcW߃°p≈adp]Sn IqSnbmWv Acp¨Ipamdns‚]pkvXIw. P\nXIhnfIsfkw_-‘n® Ht´sd bmYm¿∞y߃,adItf-Xpan√msX Cu]pkvXIØn¬ hmbn°mw.

56 BKÃv 2011

W߃ XpSßnbhsbbpw ]cma¿-in-°p∂p.

P\nXIhnfIfpsS ]mcnÿnXnI{]XymLmXßsf°pdn®p≈ N¿®Iƒam[yaßfn¬ \nd™p\n¬°p∂kabamWnXv. ""sS¿ant\‰¿'' Po≥kmt¶-XnIhnZy, ""cm£khnfIƒ'',""{^m-s¶≥^pUv'' XpSßnb am[ya-krjvSßfmb hm°pIƒ \ΩpsSa\ n¬ Xßn \n¬°p∂p≠v. CØ-cw ]Z߃ cq]oIrXambXns‚ Ncn{X-hpw Ahbv°p ]n∂nse AXnitbm-‡nbpw ]pkvXIw shfns∏SpØp-∂p≠v. AtXkabw, P\nXI-hnf-IfneqsS PohPme߃°pw ]cn-ÿnXn°pw D≠mtb°mhp∂ BLm-X-ßsf°pdn®pw ]pkvXIw ]co£W-ßfpsS Ncn{XØneqsSbpw hm¿Øm-hniIe\ßfneqsSbpw N¿®-sN-øp∂p.

P\nXIhnf (GM Crops) Isfkw_-‘n®v a‰p cmPyßfn¬ \ne\n-¬°p∂ \nbaßsfbpw \njvI¿jIsfbpw Ipdn®v ]cnÿnXn {]h¿ØI¿-°nSbn¬t∏mepw sX‰mb [mcW-Ifp≠v. P\nXI hgpX\ (Bt Brinjal)hnhmZambt∏mƒ, BZysØ P\nXI-hnf AXmsW∂pt]mepw Nneam[ya߃ FgpXn∏nSn-∏n°p-Ibp-≠mbn. P\nXI`£yhnfIƒ a‰pcmPyßfnsem∂pw D]tbm-Kn°p∂n-s√∂pt]mepw sX‰mb dnt∏m¿´pIƒh∂p. CØcw {]NmcW߃°p≈adp]Sn IqSnbmWv Acp¨Ipamdns‚]pkvXIw. P\nXIhnfIsf kw_-‘n® Ht´sd bmYm¿∞y߃, adItf-

Xpan√msX Cu ]pkvXIØn¬hmbn°mw.

P\nXI KthjWw, tcmKNn-In-’, £ykpc£ F∂o taJeIfn¬P\nXIhnfIƒ°v sNepØm\mhp∂kzm[o\sØ°pdn®v {]Xo£m-\n¿`-camb hnebncpØepIƒ \SØn-s°m≠mWv ]pkvXIw Ahkm\n-°p∂Xv. P\nXI ]cnh¿Ø\w mhn-temIØn\v \¬Ip∂ hmKvZm\ßsf-°pdn®pw ]pkvXIw N¿®sNøp∂p.AtXmsSm∏w ]co£W˛-\nco£W-ßfpsS ap≥IcpXepIƒ A\nhmcyam-sW∂v {]Jym]n°pIbpw sNøp∂p.hnjbhpambn _‘s∏´ kmt¶XnI-]Z߃ hniZam°p∂ A\p_‘hpw{]kvXmhn°s∏´ncn°p∂ Imcy-߃°v ASnÿm\]camb KthjW-{]_‘ßsf°pdn®p≈ kqN\Ifpwhmb\sb KuchXcambn kao]n°p-∂h¿°v klmbIamhpw.

efnXamb cN\mssienbmWv Cu]pkvXIØns‚ apJap{Z. Ip´nIfpƒ-s∏sS GsXmcmƒ°pw hmbn®pa\ nem°mhp∂XcØnemWv{KŸcN\ \n¿hln®ncn°p∂Xv.\ΩpsS hnZym¿∞n˛A[ym]I kaql-Øn\v P\nXIhnfIsf°pdn®v kmam-\yhpw B[nImcnIhpamb ASnÿm\-⁄m\w ]Icm≥ F≥.Fkv.Acp¨-Ipamdns‚ Cu DZyaw klmbn°pw.kaImenIamb hnjbßsf CØc-Øn¬ Xncs™SpØv AhXcn∏n°p-∂Xn¬ {]km[I¿°pw A`nam -\n°mw.

hn⁄m-\-Øns‚]pØ-≥ taJ-e-I-f-dn-bm≥

imkv{X-tI-cfw

sslkvIqƒ {]mb-°m-cmb

Ip´n-Iƒ°pw c£n-Xm-°ƒ°pw

A[ym-]-I¿°pw Adn-bm\pw

kq£n-®p-h-bv°m-\p-ap-X-Ip∂

imkv{X-am-knI

hm¿jnI hcn-kwJy 125 cq]

hni-Z-hn-h-c-߃°v

amt\-PnwKv FUn-‰¿imkv{X-tI-cfw

]cn-jZv h≥, Nme-∏pdwtImgn-t°mSv - 673002t^m¨: 0495 2701919

imkv{X-KXn 57

lc-W-^ew sI. kXojv

Printed & Published by T.P. Sreesankar on behalf of Kerala Sasthrasahithya Parishad & Printed at A-One Offset Printers, Ramanattukara, Calicut-1and published at Parishad Bhavan, Chalappuram, Calicut - 673 002. Editor-R.V.G. Menon. Approved by CSIR for financial support

Volume 47 No.2, Sasthragathy 2011August, 60 Pages

imkv{Xhm¿Ø- Xøm-dm-°n-bXv : tUm. Fw. B¿. kpZ¿i\ Ipam¿

Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw alm-flm-Km‘n tImtf-Pnse ck-X-{¥-hn-`mKw A≤ym-]-I-\mWv teJ-I≥

]Øv ]pXnb {Kl-ßsfIs≠ØnHmIvkvt^m¿Uv k¿h-I-em-im-e-bnse imkv{X-⁄-c-S-°-ap≈ A¥m-cm-jv{S-kwLw kuc-bq-Y-Øn\p shfn-bn-ep≈ ]Øv ]pXnb {Kl-ßsf Is≠-Øn. {^©v _ln-cm-ImiGP≥kn-bmb ‘CNES’s‚ CoROT (Convection,Rotation and Transits) F∂ kvt]kv sSe-kvtIm∏v D]-tbm-Kn-®mWv Cu {Kl-ßsfIs≠-Øn-b-Xv. Pq¨ 14-˛mw XobXn \S∂c≠mw CoROT kntºm-kn-b-Øn-emWv Cu {Kl-ßsf Is≠-Ønb hnhcw {]Jym-]n-®-Xv.{Kl-ßfpw Ah-bpsS khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw XmsgsImSp-°p-∂p. CoROT-16 _n: hymg-Øns‚]q¿W hymkm¿≤hpw ]IpXn {Zhy-am-\-hp-ap≈ {Klw. 600 tImSn h¿jw ]g-°-ap≈\£-{XsØ 5.3 Znh-kw-sIm≠v hebw sNøp-∂p. CoROT-17 _n: 1000 tImSn h¿jw ]g-°-ap≈ \£-{XsØ 3.7 Znh-kw-sIm≠v hebwsNøp-∂p. hymg-Øns‚ 2.4 Cc´n {Zhy-am-\-ap-≠v.

CoROT-18 _n: Bt]-£n-I-ambn {]mbwIpd™ (60 tImSn h¿jw!) \£-{XsØhebw sNøp-∂p. hymg-Øns‚ Cc´n km{μ-X-bp-≠v. CoROT-19 _n: hymg-Øns‚ {Zhy-am-\hpw H∂c Cc´n hen-∏-hp-ap≈ {Kl-am-Wv.CoROT-20 _n: sNmΔ-bpsS Cc´n km{μ-X-bp≈Cu {Klw 9.2 Znhkw sIm≠v \£-{XsØhebw sNøp-∂p. CoROT-21 _n: hymg-Øns‚1.3 Cc´n hen-∏hpw 2.5 Cc´n {Zhy-am-\-hp-ap≈{Kl-am-Wv. CoROT-22 _n: i\n-bpsS 0.74 am{Xwhymkm¿≤-ap-≈ {Klw. {Zhy-am\w IrXy-ambnIW-°m-°n-bn- n-s√-¶n¬ IqSn i\n-bpsS ]Ip-Xn-bn¬ Ipd-hm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v Icp-X-s∏-Sp-∂p.CoROT-23 _n: 3.6 Znh-kw-sIm≠v \£-{XsØhebw sNøp-∂p.

CoROT-24 _n, CoROT-24 kn: s\]vSyq-Wns‚ hen-∏hpw 1.4 Cc´n hen-∏-hp-ap≈ Cc´{Kl-߃. 5.1 Znhkw sIm≠v Hcp-{K-lhpw11.8 Znh-kw-sIm≠v at‰ {Klhpw \£-{XsØhebw sNøp-∂p.

(www.sciencedaily.com)

Ata-cn-°-bnseBW-h-\n-e-b-ß-fpsSkpc£ i‡-am-°Ww!^p°p-jna t]mep≈ BWh Zpc-¥sØ t\cn-Sp-hm-\p≈ sI¬]v Ata-cn-°-bnse BW-h-\n-eb߃°n-s√∂v CXns\ kw_-‘n®v ]cn-tim-[\ \S-Ønb Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC)s‚ BZy c≠v ]T-\-߃ Nq≠n-°m-´n. ^p°p-jna t]msemcp Zpc-¥-ap-≠m-Im-\p≈ km[yX Ipd-hm-sW-¶nepw Ct∏m-gp≈ kpc£m {Iao-I-c-W-߃i‡n-s∏-Sp-Ø-W-sa∂v IΩo-j≥ A`n-{]m-b-s∏- p.

(www.news.sciencemag.org)

]mgmbn t]mIp∂ D≈n{]tbm-P-\-s∏-SpØmw!bqtdm-]y≥ bqWn-b-\n¬ D≈n-bn¬ \n∂p≈A©v e£w StÆmfw ]mgv hkvXp-°-fmWv]pd¥-≈p-∂-Xv. Chsb £-W-L-S-I-ß-fmbnD]-tbm-Kn-°p-hm-\p≈ km[y-X-Iƒ imkv{X-⁄-cm-cm-bp-I-bm-Wv. D≈nsØmen-bnepw ]pd-ta-bp≈ Bh-c-W-ß-fnepw \mcpw vfph-t\m-bn-Up-I-fp-ap-≠v. `qIm-WvU-Øn¬ \nc-h[nkƒ^¿ kwbp-‡-ß-fp-ap-≠v. Ch-sbm-s°-Øs∂ Btcm-Ky-Øn\v KpW-I-c-amb LS-I-ß-fm¬ kar-≤-am-Wv. D≈n amen-\y-Øn¬]pdw-sXm-en, ]pd-ta-bp≈ Bh-c-W-߃,thcpw X≠pw, tISmbn ]pd-¥-≈p∂ D≈nF∂n-h-bpƒs∏-Sp-∂p. Cßs\ ]mgmbnt]mIp∂ D≈n-bnse LS-I-ßsf Btcm-Ky-

A`ua aqe-I-ß-fpsS A¤pX tiJcw!]k-^nIv kap-{Z-Øns‚ ASn-Ø-´nse sNfn-bn¬ A`ua aqe-I-ß-fpsS \n[n-ti-J-c-ap-s≠∂v imkv{X-⁄¿ Is≠-Øn. sk¬t^mWp-I-fp-sSbpw vfqd-sk‚ v _ƒ_p-I-fp-sSbpw kmt¶-XnI hnZybv°v A\n-hm-cy-amb\ntbm-Un-an-bw, bqtdm-]nbw F∂o aqe-I-ß-f-S°w AS-ßn-bn-´p≈ At\Iw cmk-h-kvXp-°ƒ sNfn-bn-e-S-ßn-bn-´p-≠v. 2.3 In.-ao. hoXn-bp≈ CXns‚ NXpc Ij-W-Øn¬ temIØvC∂v {]Xn-h¿jw Bh-iy-ap≈ A`ua aqe-I-ß-f-S-ßn-bn- p-s≠∂mWvIs≠-Øn-bn- p-≈-Xv.

(www.esciencenews.com)

Øn\p KpW-I-c-amb £W LS-I-ß-fm-°m-\mWv imkv{X-⁄¿ e£y-an-Sp-∂-Xv. lrt{Zm-Kw, Im≥k¿, IpS¬ kw_-‘-amb tcmK-߃ Ch-bpsS km[yX Ipd-bv°p∂ \nc-h[n kwbp-‡-߃ Ch-bn-e-S-ßn-bn- p-s≠∂v imkv{X-⁄¿ A`n-{]m-b-s∏- p. ‘Plant Foods for Human Nutrition’F∂tP¿W-en-emWv Kth-j-W- ew {]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

(www.esciencenews.com)