sara jasmin ashtaryeh, a075 444 016 (bia oct. 31, 2013)

8/14/2019 Sara Jasmin Ashtaryeh, A075 444 016 (BIA Oct. 31, 2013)

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Eric W Schul , EsquireHiscock & Barclay LLP1100 M&T Center3 Fou tain PlazaBu a o, NY 4203

ame : ASHT RYEH S RA JASMIN

. D a of Jus c

Executive O ce r Imig ation Review

Board ofImmigration AppealsO ce o he Cle k

J 0 7Le bu g Pike, Su te 2000Fal Ch rc V g n a 0 30

OHS/IC ice of Chief Counsel - BUF30 Delawa e Ave e Room 203

Bu alo NY 14202

A 075-444-0 6

Date of this notice: 10/31/2013

E closed s a copy of he Boa d's decisio a d order in e ab ve-re renced c se.

clos re

Panel Members:Holm , D vid 8

Si ce ely,

D c tDo na CarrC ef Cle k

ucasdUse ea Dock t

For more unpublished BIA decisions, visit www.irac.net/unpublished

Cite as: Sara Jasmin Ashtaryeh, A075 444 016 (BIA Oct. 31, 2013)


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U.S Depar ent f Jus iceExecutive Of ce r Immi ation Re iew

De is on of the Board of mmi at on Appeals

F s C urc , V rgin a 20530

F le: A075 44 0 16 - Bu a o, NY

n re: SARA JASM N ASHTAR H

N R MOVAL PROCE D NGS

APP AL

N BEHAL R SPONDEN E icW. Sch l , Esq re

ON BEHAL O DHS:

DE :

ark P. hyDep y C ief Co nsel

Date OCTs1 zo 3

T e Boardof Imm gra io ppea s ("Boar ) as been a v se at t e Depar men

omeland Sec ri y, in he exerc se of rosecutor al scre io , as i h rawn it a peaSee

8 C 1003 4 On s recor, we decline to accept he Immigra on J ge's ecision r

rev e by cer i ca o8 C I 003 7. Accor ingly he m at on Ju ge s ec s on is the

na a minis ra ive ecisio Since the e is no hing now pe g be re t e Boar , e rec

re e o e igra ion Co wi ho her ac on

O TH BOA

Cite as: Sara Jasmin Ashtaryeh, A075 444 016 (BIA Oct. 31, 2013)


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UN ED S A t ES E P R M EN OF JU STI CE XE C UT IV E F O R IM M IG TI O N R EV I EW

U TED S r S MM G RA TIO N CO UR T BU FA LO, EW YOR K

he a e o :

A AR H a a JasA# 0 5- 6

Re ponde

CHARGE NA 1 (a)( )(A)( )( )

ON BEHALF OF RE PONDEN TEr c W. ch lt , Es .H scock & Barcla LLP11 M& Cen er 3 Fo n n PlazaB alo New Yor 1 3

RE AL PR CEEDI G

Doc men a on Req remen s

ON B ALF OF E DHM chele en q es, EsqAss stan Ch e Co nsel13 Delawa e A en e, e 3B alo New ork 1

D CI A D RDER HE RA I UDGE

For the reasons a c la ed below he charge o na m ss b l ty rs an o IN 1 (a)(7)(A)( )( ) s U A ED 1 Howe er p rs ant o8 C F R. 1 3. (c),

th s case shall be ce ed to the Boar o Im grat on A eals ("B A or "Board ) rs appella e re ew

I . AC AND PR CED AL HI RY

a a Jasm n Ash yeh ( Respondent ) s a 9 yea old na e and c t zen oCanada. he ad sted her sta s to tha o a law l permanent res dent (E ) on J ne 9,1997, a Newark New Jersey he ap l ed r a m ss on to the Un ed tes at heRa nbow B dge n N agara Falls, New or , on Apr l , 11

n h e ar m n o Ho elan ec r ("D ) ss ed Res ondenao ce o p ea ( ) (Ex 1) a e n ha she s m ran no ossess on

o a al nexp red mm gr n sa, reen e m bor er cross ng ca d, or other entr doc men re red by the mm gra on and at onal ty Ac (" NA ) he NA

1 e te e t e o o d lo Res on ent o e p c t o d ss oneq es e g nopposed he gove ment

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cha ge Respon en as ubj ct o r mval e U i e S a es ursu o A2l 2(a ) 7 i) .2

s n en p ea e be re e B a o I migra i n Co("C u ) r aas er ca endar e ing on May 17, 201 3 T g c un e Re pon n cc ge f ina m ss i Res n nt s s ekg a m ss o in o e n e S a es

re ing res en a ien

On Decem er 3 20 2, es n e a pe e e r e C r a nd idumer s e ng T e g e en es ed n s cume a s m ss n .

resen e e gu en C r re ng u n e e su s ve oKhos hm v. Holder 655 F 479n C r 0 Res on en m er

e i e on spn en s e l e c nc us n s m ny e C uec s n.

I. DOCUME NT Y EVIDE CEe wing cu n s ere mar e as ex i s an inc u e n e

ocee gs:

Exhibi 1:

Groupxhibi 2

AB

C

G oupx t3:

Ex 4

N ce pear a e r, 0

Doc en s su e e DHS n June 29 20Rec o Dep b e/ na m sib e en ed A Me ra um o C e f ec r o La l Pe enRes nce e une 9 9

n n en f Law e man n Re i n S a u a e M1 0 0

Docum n s re a n Res n n 'sE e at ew Yn v

Jud v Ashta eh D02D0 8 H C f u ce u1 ,2 02 Res on en s ents v c ecree

2 Acco d g o 212 a)(7) { "Exce as o erw se s e a ov e t s t ra a e t e o a ca o a s o- w o s ot possess o oa a dun xp d

i ant sa re ent e m t o de c oss g de cat o ca d o o e a d e t oc e eq redb is t and a a d ered pass or o o he s ita le trave doc me t o doc en of de n tit andnat ona t fs c oc ent is e u re nde e reg a ions ss ed by t e tto ey Ge e a de sect o2 a . s adm ssi e.3 T s a e was or g a ass g e toU.S I ig a on Judge M c ae Ro co, w o as s nce et red.T e at e was eassigne an e Cou beca emi t t e ecord io to roceed gSee 8C F. .

240.l(b).

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I I I . T E S M O N I E V D E N C

Testimony of Respondent

A. D ire ct E x a m ina tio n o f R spon d nt

Respondent's Family and their Re sidences

Responden es ed a s e was bo on 1994 S s a d a s edn ew or ew or , w re s at en s ew or n rs y ("N ) S e added

t a s e rs en o led n N U n Sep ember 20 sponden es d a s e s asop omore, s udy ng ourna s anda s ory S e an c pa es at s e w l gradua e nMay 2015

Responden es ed a s e as o s s ers, ag s 29 and 13 S e s a a erolder s s er l es n Connec cu an er younger s s er l es w e r mo er in Toron oCana a spon nt est ed a er s s ers are S c zens.S e s a d a ryounger s s er was bo n New or .

sponden t s ed a er er's pr m res d nce s n oron o, bu e alsoas a res dence n ap es, F or da S s a ed a er mo er l es n Toron o S

added a er paren s e Canad an c t zens

espondent s Imm gra n His o

Respond n tes d a s e was a a l pe m ent res den o e n d S atesom 1996 o2000. S e s at d t a s e l ved i New or dur ng a me esponden

s ed ha s e qua ed r permanen res d nc n e n ed S a es b caus op n s' jobs

spond n s ed a er f y mo ed o e n d K ng om 2000becaus er r s mp oy r rans red s job S s ed a r fam y d n

n ted ngdom r wo years and en moved o Toron o S exp a n d a rparen s d vorced at a me and ey agre d a espond n would w ermo er spond n s d t at s e rem mber d d orc S s a d mother d c ded o move o oron o because s e s om t r , r am ly l es ere, and

s e s cured emp oym n er spon en es d a r r mo d bac o Nork a a m S s a d a er er bec m a aw p rmanen r s d n aga nw en e moved bac o t n e S a s

e ndent t s ed t a er mo er ad custody of her S e s a a s e n erved w er t er, b t s e d d v s h m n w Y r S e added at s e s eher wo o ree mes p r yea r

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F Qu stion ng by th U S. Imm igratio n Jud g

Resp ndent denied t at s e read t e b donment of a Permanent ResidentStatus e re she si ed it S e added t at her mot e did not exp ain it to e .

est m ny f ("M er )i ect xamination of other

Mo her ' N tio li d Immigr tio Hi ory

Mot e testi ed at s e is a Canadian citizen d e mo er of Respondent S estated t a she ived in t e United States r a time sta ing in1996 S e af rmed t atRespondent as a e and i ing it er at t at time ot e testi ed t at t ey e eresident a ie s S e stated t at t ey ived in For ee and t en an att ot ertesti ed t at s e obtained er immi ation status t oug er ex husband, o isRespondent s the

Mo e testi ed at she stopped ivin in t e United S a es in ay2002 ( ic),en her fami y oved to e United Kin dom S e stated that they mo ed to t e

Un ted Kingdom ecause e ex us and as ans rred t e e other tes i ed t at s ei ed in t e nited Kingdom r o years be e mo n ac to oronto S e

exp ained at s e mo ed to To onto because s e as d orcin e usband and herparen s i ed in oron o She stated that she and her ex husb n i o ced on gust132002 She a ded t at he divorce as b agreement

o er e eg rdi g Re po e

ot e testi ed t at s e and er ex usb d decided at Respondent ou dreside it Mot e a er t eir di orce She a med t at er di orce too p ace in t e United K ngdom S e s ated t at s e and Respondent s t er did not discussRespondent s immigrati n sta us at t at time ccord g o other, We assumed t ats e ou ive pr mar i me, but main ain ob ious y a g d e ations i i h er

e in the United States ot er testi ed t at esponden as8 yea s d ent ey mo ed to Toronto S e sta ed t at s e did not ta e an actions o e n is t eipe manent res de t sta ses

ot e esti ed that she had dif cu es entering t e nited States in a c2010 en she d Respon ent ere tra e ing to oo at uni ersities She stated t att ey ere at empting o en e t ough the oronto Pearson n e ationa i po tS eadded t at they ere attem ting to a e to Ne Yor C t ot er esti ed t at t e

ere ues io ed y BP o cers and ta en in o e immig ation room S e stated t at e t en aited a e i o t no ing ey e e t ere S e added t at t e

ere then uestioned by immigration o cer S e stated t at the o cer as a mcco ding to ot er, t e o cer ues ioned er and not Respondent. ot er af rmed

t at s e as as ed to sign some documents S e s ated, It as a er con sing d I

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as rea y anx ous a ou he ave , ut yes, recal s gn ng r me o her tes edat as her un erstan ng tha she as s gn ng a ocument o n cate tha she d d notntend on ma n a n ng a green car .She stated hat she does no reca l be ng asked o

s gn a s m ar document rela ng o esponden s nten ons.

Mo her den ed her s gna ure on espondent s an onment o a lPe anent es den S a us. She stated hat she oes no remem er s gn ng t e documentShe adde hat she does no remem er be ng asked quest ons abou esponden s

n en ons.

o er tes ed tha she as not had an d cu es en er ng he Un te Statess nce the nc dent n March20 0

Cross xam nat on o o her

o he Imm io i o

other tes ed tha she ntended on re u ng to e n ed S ates hen shemoved to the Un ed ng om She stated a her n en ns changed hen her marr agechanged She a rmed hat she d d no ntend on resum ng her res dency n he Un edSta es hen she moved o oronto n2002

Mo her a r ed tha s e a p ed r (an as gran e adv ce perm ss on toretu to he Un ted States hen her am ly moved to the Un ed ngdom She sta e ,ho ever hat she never used ha perm ss on

o her es ed tha she prev ously el eved hat she ad re ed her phys caleen card to her ex hus and s a yers She s a ed ha s e v s e he Un ed States

severa mes per year a er mov ng o oronto. She added ha she never presen ed hereen card on any o hose ps. She s a ed ha she never presen ed esponden s gre n

card ecause they ere ravel ng on Canad an passports ccord ng to o her, heyere ne er asked r he r green car s

o he Co e o o he U i e S e

other es ed hat she has no ma nta ned ank acco s n he Un ed S a ess nce2000 She s a ed ha she has no proper y n he Un ed S a es and she has no pa d

axes n he n ed Sta es s nce2000

Mo her test e hat, o e est o her recollect n, she avel e rectly om e Un ed ng om o Canada n2002 S e sta ed tha as poss b e hat she en ered he Un ted S ates on pr l5 2002 ho ever s e added hat t as no then her ntent oresu e her a permanent res dency n t e Un ted States.

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V G T

Abando nment of Status a nd R t in g R esident

esponden is ega ded as seeking adm ss on n o e Un ed S a es ecause s eas a sen om e Un e S a es r a con nuous pe od o mo e an 80 ays

10 (a)( 3)(C)

"Generally, n order o ga n adm ss on in o e Un eS a es, an mm a m s presen a val d, unex red

mm an v sa as el as a va id, unexp red passpo oro er rave documen A ed cro 286 F 3 61 ,6 2 (2 C r 2002) (per c riam) e I 2 1 (a)] "I a

e son s o p oduce s c documen s, 2 2(a)(7)( )( )(I)] e es a e or s e e exc dedd.

ere e some excep ons o h s r e r a pe manenres den s e urning o e Un ed S a es ] a lpe m en res den seeking readm ss on a er a empor ya sence o ess an year, may presen a "val d,

nexp red Fo m 55 , Permanen esiden Card n eu oa v sa 8 C F 2 (a)(2) I a a l pe manenres den as rema ne a road a onger per o , o ever,

he or s e] may s e a mi e i o en r doc men s e or s e quali es as a re ng res den , e , a a

pe manen residen e ng om a empor y v sa oa I 2( ) ; 0 (a)(27)( )]

M u 546 F 3d 85, 90 (2d C 2008) esponden no seek ngeadm ss on a er a empora y a sence o less an yea , o t e excep on und n 8

C F 2 (a)(2) does no app y o er app ica on T ere e, s e may on y eadmi ed ou en ry doc men s t e Co nds a s e qua es a " e u ng

esiden I 21 ( ), 0 (a)(27)( )

e ng es den s "a a u perm en e den e ng om a empo a yv i a oad v cro 286 F 3d 6 (quo ng I 0 (a)(27)( )) eSecond C rc as e d a a " emporary s a road equ es an n en on " o re

i h n a per od ela ve y s o , xed y some early even 286 F 3d a 6 3( o ngU d e x re Le o, 2 F 2d 307, 308 09 (2d C r 1927)) "W en

e eng o e v s s no xed y some early even u ns ead rel es upon an even a reasona e possi y o occ r ng n a s o per o o me, a cons u e

empora v s canno e de ne n erms o e apsed me a oned ( uo ngU de ex l P ly er Tr del 9F 30, 7 ( d C r 3) In s ch a case, he

re ing res den s n en ll con rol o ever, " e n en on o t e s or mus s eo e u h n a per od re a ve y s o , xe y some ea y evend

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W ere an al en has a colorable cla m to re g res d nt s a s, th gov entb ars e b rden of provi g abandonm nt of aw l status "by l ar unequ vo al ndconv n ing ev dence M di 546F.3d at 9 h s s cons stent w h t e g neralpr n le that h govern n s a h av rde wh n s ks o st p an al n ofper anen r side stat s alrea y a quired M di 5 6F.3d at 9 .

. Imputa iono e t

"Un er IA recedent, if a pet tioner s ar nt abandons h s or h r PR stat swhile e peti on r is in h s or her s o y an ont o , then th pare al ab ndo entm st be mp e o the ch d.K o m 655F 3d at 52 c ngM t of H

&N De 74 750n 1 IA 88 M of mo 17&N D c.3 5 3 6 BIA98 ; M of W k 5I&N Dec. 5 52 IA 1 75 . hese d c sions rest on

t e so nd prem se that a m nor child cannot egall oss ss an n e o rema n in thn te ta es dis nct om h s or her parents i tent J g M of B 0&N

Dec 304 I 963 no ng ha a m nor res ond nt was under a lega o lsion tollow and a comp ny h s par nts ;Z mo 7&N Dec a397 "[ ]o he x ent that

M t of B pc n be ci r th gen ral propos tio that beca se a norch ld is compe l to acco pany h s paren s if th y depart om h Un S a s, the

n ent of th p ren s th reg rd to the depa r s mputed o he accompany ngh B st l s a ds.

he Co r n s h s o e a g era y goo princ ple in tha it protects anro o s fa ly nity n i s cision below he ou do s no in a y way sh tomp gn h ri h s of non ci iz n parents or o s r p them of th r nh ren cont ol ov r the

w ll ingand w f of th r hi dr n Ho ever, as law c ed by Respondent hasgiven o o asio o pa s .I ap e rs t a an ov r r g d app ica on of heimp at on doctr n co d n some m t d circ mstances resu in d s ons ha domore harm goo5

In ho hf m the N nt irc t mad two sig c n obs va ons F rs , hec rc cou t bse ha th mp ta on of ab don n o P s a us om par n o

h l may no be appropr ate n every circ mstance o f 655F 3 a 53 nAn s cond t e r cou t h d at whi e he n n o a h ld s par ts "is p d th c i over hom th p r nts have c s ody a d con rol d ng th er o of ch l s n mancipa on , a] the po nt at h ch h ch ld beco s an adul . h may

egal y d mo stra e his in nt s p ra e om ha of h s par n s.Id at 153

alo, Ne Yor s wi h n the j r sd c on o h U.S ou of Appea s r he

Se on ir , h s he ourt is no bo nd by ecis ons of t e Nin h Cir ui .

5 I a u a i us e is he U S Supre e C e e y re zed a e ru es f i pu a sh u e app ie b i y p ri ize y u y er a he s e a s i e ery s ua .See Hold r

v Martinez Gu ierrez, 132 S 2011 2019 (20 2) (s a , "We a rea a si e s a u eequ( ere y a 1 w ) pu a i jus e ause ha u e w u d e y- ie d y ) The BIA 's p yi pu a pa e s a a d e ( aba e ) s he i d is s a i u i exp y equi ed y INA2 ( ) a y e pr s f he INAId. a 20 0.

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N n the ss th u nds th N nth r u t's eas n ng nK t eex d ng y p rsuas v n th p t u a ssu s p s nte y h s att r

F st y t s ent re y p ss b r p nts t ssess sep a n nt ns r gard ngth wn m g at n status and the status s f th h d n The nth u t

r d th ng p aus b examp

Assu that LPR par nts ave the unt y t thePR h d stays n th Un ted tat s t att n s h r v

w th a r at ve The parents' ength f stay ab ad dthe a nt n s nt nt t retu t the Un ted

tates u su t n a nd ng hat the a and ned he rLPR status t] t may e u as nab e t ute the

a nts' aband t the h s n e th d n er eh Un States

K f m, 655 F at 53 The rt w n t spe u at as t a f th s tuat nsn wh h utat n w d b me as nab e b t t s n t d f u t t ag ne th

su h s en s F r exa mag ne a a f PR pa nts h de d t aa and n th status s thr ugh th ng f an A an n nt f Lawfu P an ntR s d nt atus f th y s s re sh d th y b p e u stat ng n the -407s

hat h xp t y d n w sh r th r h d n t aband n th PR sta us s as we The arent unqu st nab y has th r gh t ta e th stat s f th h but sh dn'tthat r gh n ud he r g t t t th h ma n a n a d nt st s than parent A e tha h ds that h p ents' n ntvi - -vi the r wn status s u a waysb puted t th h r n w u a tua y ur a h r ghts and d s n f par nn t p e t m

On th se nd ssue the ur aga n agrees w th th N n h u t a h wh seLPR s atus has n b n aband n d th ugh p tat n) ay when h she be m s

a u t dem ns at a ga nt nt that s sep ate hat f h s h pa entsK 655 F at 5 A e that a h 's ga d sa ty nds at th ag fmatu y h e p rhaps n t ea y u at n p v us grat n s ns shardly an a us n A a jur spr d n e. A u d 80

Th nf nt's exe t n f an th r d t a th d pe s n a r r a h ng atu ty sg n a y a u en sa f a d t h s e p ty ex u e p t

aj r ty a east when e se nd e s d d nd s n ns st n w th trst d d ) J d f l 04 Und the nfan y d t ne a n r mayh se t at ntra a b gat ns ent e nt d ng s h r m n ty T

rat at n may b e d up n th m n r a h ng h ag f atu ty r b ng td sa w n a reas na t m a rea h ng maj t )59 m Jur P dC ild S eman at n en s th nt's ght t h s h r 's s rv es a s te m a es h s r he r ght t v the ss f th se s v s )dJ d f 45 enera a m r h d d es n hav a ause f a t h s h r m d a xp nses be a s the pa nts ss ss he x us e ght r r r a

n r s emaj ty d a xpens s .. w v x t ns x st t h s g n a l

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.. an t e c m y r cover ese e ense en - - e c i is e a ly res onsibler th ir a ment, suc as by reason o em cip tion, or t e deat or inco etency o is

or r pare ts lien ose R status is not bandoned pr or to is or ereig teent bi da s ou b abl to stab is s or er o n int nt to ab ndon or not

ba on la st tus a er r ac in matur t .

or t e re oi g re so s, t e Cour n s t at it must reso ve t o issues )het er he in e t of Res onde t s arents urin t e eriod o ti e be re Respon ent

t e 8 s o be imputed to er; an et er Respondent, a er reac ing t e geo 8, inten to ab don er a e anent r si ent status S K o f ,655

3 t 153

V F D GS F CT D C LUS S F W

Cou as considere t e entire record c re l A l ev ence an testimonyas een co si re , even i not s e i call a ressed i t e decisio belo

A W et er t e int nt ofr spon e t's par n s (pr or to R s on ent sght e t birthd y) ou b m t dto spo nt

Res on ent s nts ere ma rie n n , on 993E . 4 a . Res on e t s accor e e status of a l l ermanent resident,

s nt to 45, o ne , 199 h. ) espon ents p rents ivorce onJ l , 00 Ex 4 at espond t s t en 8 yea s old

es on t s mot er ndon r l l per nt r si ent st tus pr or oM c , 0 0 E . A t ) l o es imon of o r, up at 6- On tda , s ondent r ve l to e - di border i er mot r d an

b do n of a l Pe en sident tat s Fo 40 ) s e ecu on erbe a f x C) stat n t t espo ent ab one er e anent residentst s on Ma 5, 000, en s e move it [ er parents ) he gove ent a l es

es on s er no ing y oluntaril b ndoned is a l e n ntresi ent st s in or b r D c mber 000S A t 3)

e a ega on t R s on en ab n oned r PR stat s on M 5, 000 scontr cted b the evidence in t e recor espon ent s r n s divorce ecr e cw e ec te i 00 ont ine t e llo i mat pro s on: n il spon t

as att i e t e age o 8 or obt i ed tizens i c ever is t e e r i r,[Res o dent s t er ill a r t e costs o [ es on ent s ot er n t e c i ren r

6 W ile not ng e basis o he Co t's de ision, e Co no es tha a con ar le o ld be d c lto en ce in i t ofKhoshfa m As Can dian ci ze Responden s e o en e e United States i

relative ease. See .S. C stoms and Borde Protec on,Vsiting he U - Docume s required forCan an Ci zen(Jun 4 0 ), http : he .c gov/app/a we / etail/ _ 619/ /v siti g-t e u. --docu ent -req d- r ca ad an citiz ns-%2F residen 2F. T e Cou could old at Re pondent

ema ns ble to emons r te n tent independent o e a ent ; howe e once Re on en n idet e ited Sta es, e e i ot ing to prevent he om avell ng dome a y i o the Nin h Ci cuit oappl admiss on to t e ni ed S ates re i g esident. See ho fahm, 655 .3d a 153.

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ights trav ing c n my c ass) m Canada t th U nc r ann m to nab[R sp nd nt] t maintain h r U r sid cy. xh 4 at 15- 6) R sp nd nt c n nu dt vis t r th r in t Unit d tat s s v ra tim s r y , und r th b l f t at sh hadnot aband n d h r la man nt r sid t statusS st m ny f R sp nd nt,

up at 4

Th Co r h r nds that R s ond nt's mot r s aba d nm nt r o n PRstat s sh ld not b im t d to R s nd nt. h r is ins ci t v d nc in th r c rdt c arly s ablish that th r t nd d r h r aband m nt t b imput d tR s d nt s ci l y in ight f th ct that s ch an int nti d havc ntradict dth t rms f h r d vorc d cr (E .4 at 15-16) h r t st d cr dib ythat sh did not r a i in a ch 010 that sh was b ing ask d t aband n R sp nd nt s

PR stat s s w l as h r nS st m ny f th r, up at 6 7 Fur h r ,th r is no v d nc that R s ond nt's th r as giv n any o or nity b h ard onth iss f R s nd nt s abando nt at that tim

R garding R sp nd n 's th r s a g d a and n t f s sta s, thg v nt has fa l d t ca ry its burd of roving such abandonm nt by cl ar,

n quiv cal, d conv ncing vid nc ddit ona ly, th r is nothing in r c rd tsugg st hat R s nd nt's th r s ab d m nt ass ming that h d aba don hiss tus) as int nd d to im act R s nd nt s stat s in a y ay R s nd nt's th r asa n n c s dia ar nt of R s ond nt D s it his al g d aband nt, h mainta n d ar sid nc n th U t d tat sS T stim ny f R s nd nt,up at h C s sn r as n t r s m hat R s nd nt s th r's act ns r int nd d n i th

rovisi ns f his div rc d cr , hich x r ss y r s rv d an int nti n r R spond ntto r tain h r R s at s. xh 4 at 15 1 )

n sum and lim t d to h s cts th C r nds that t o d b nr asona m ut h nt nt of R s ond nt's ntsg g h ownsta s s to R sp nd nt.

Th b st v d nc th r cord h ar nts' d v rc d cr ) ndicat s that R spond n sp nts nd d r R s nd nt t r ta h r sta us a l ast unt sh r ach d t ag ofmatur y gov nt s vid nc cha ng s that c nc usi n, b t it d s n tr t i h r r , nd r h d ctrin f mp n, th Co nds that R sp nd ntd d not ab don h r a l p rman nt r s d nc prior to r aching h ag f 8

B . Wh e her Resp onde n intended t o abando h er LPR s a s afer she b cam adu t

t is cl a t at R s o d nt did n t aband n h r status as an R a r sh b cama ad t R sp d t tu d 18 01 ctiv ly comm nc d h spr c d ngs agai st rs f rio t h r ight nth bir hday.S xh 1) Gov ntc ns c c d d d ring t ia that R spo d t has a ays p ss ss d th int nt t r sid

n th U it d tat s and att nd N Y r Univ rs ty R s nd nt att d d NYU as al tim s ud nt in fa 011 s ing 01 , and 01 xh. 3 R sp nd nt is

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