saqartvelos sota rustavelis teeatrisa da kinos saxelmwifo ...101)_2016.pdf · mweralma arnold...

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# 2 (101) 25 Tebervali 2016 weli

saqarTvelos SoTa rusTavelis TeEatrisa da kinos saxelmwifo universitetis gazeTi #2 (101) 25 Tebervali 2016 weli

gamomcemloba `kentavri~, aRmaSeneblis gamz. 40; tel: 294 37 28; www. tafu.edu.ge

gv. 4-5

TinaTin janjRava

gamoCenili qarTveli balerina Tamara Tumanova (TumaniSvili)

gv. 2-3

nuca TurmaniZe

taZari Seqmnili maradisobisTvis

gv. 8

gvanca gadelia

ra roli aqvs mxatvars filmis SeqmnaSi

gv. 6-7

manana Serozia

„maxinjebi“ – yvelaze saSineli filmi uaryofil da aranormalur sazogadoebaze

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gamoCenili qarTveli balerina Tamara Tumanova (TumaniSvili)

3 gv.

studentis sveti

uamravi qarTveli niWieri gamoCenili adamiani moRvaweobda samSoblos sazRvrebs gareT, romlebmac msoflio warmatebas miaRwies da waruSleli kvali datoves msoflio xelovnebis istoriaSi. swored aseTi niWieri qarTveli balerina cxovrobda da moRvaweobda amerikaSi. Tamara Tumanova igive TumaniSvili, Seudarebeli silamazis da niWis mqone balerina iyo. igi samsaxiobo karierasac warmatebiT eweoda. iyo evropis da amerikis scenebis wamyvani balerina. aseve Zalian cnobili saxe ekranebidan. man araerT filmSi miiRo monawileoba. Tamara TumaniSvils vinc icnobda, axasiaTebda rogorc uaRresad Sromismoyvare da sakuTari Tavis mimarT momTxovn adamians. igi Semkuli iyo ara mxolod fizikuri silamaziT aramed sulieriTac.

Tamara Tumanova daibada matarebelSi 1919 wlis 2 marts.

Tumanovas ojaxma datova ruseTi da gadavidnen SanxaiSi, Semdeg kairoSi, xolo sabolood dafuZdnen parizSi. safrangeTSi CasvlisTanave, Tamaram daiwyo baletze siaruli cnobili marinis Teatris prima balerinasTan, pedagogTan

olga preobraJenskaiasTan, imave, - „madam preosTan“.

2015 wlis 1-7 ivnisis kviris palitis gamocemaSi daibeWda eka salaRaias interviu Tamara Tumanovas naTesavTn _ gia fxakaZesTn. misi TqmiT Tamaras deda evgenia, 18 wlis iyo, rodesac colad samxedro eqims konstantine xazarovs gahyva colad. konstantine rusi iyo da oqtombris revoluciis Semdeg, sanam Tamari moevlineboda qveyanas, colTan erTad samSobloSi dabrunebisTanave gardaicvala. amis Semdeg fexmZime evgenia gaeqca bolSevikebs, xolo Sainxaisken mimaval matarebelSi naadrevi mSobiaroba daewyo. gazeTSi vkiTxulobT: „mSobiares erT-erTma mgzavrma, eqimma vladimir xasidoviCma upatrona. evgenias qaliSvili SeeZina, romelsac Tvisi gvari misca da Tamari uwoda. ase moevlina qveyanas Tamar TumaniSvili 1919 wlis 2 marts. rac Seexeba vladimir xasidoviCs, is momavalSi evgenia TumaniSivlis meore meuRle gaxda“(eka salaRia, „Savi margaliti“, kviris palitra, 1-7.06.2015).

bavSvobidanve gamoirCeoda silamaziT, plastikiT da musikaluri smeniT. patara Tamara yovelTvis iRebda monawileobas qarTveli emigrantebis mier mowyobil saRamoebSi, romlebic parizSi tardeboda. imave interviudan vgebulobT, rom Tamara Tumanovas pirveli debiuti scenaze, 9 wlis asakSi Semdgara: „sabaleto saswavleblis erT-erT saRamoze imyofeboda gamoCenili balerina ana pavlova, man sami balerina SearCia Tavisi dasisTvis da maT Soris iyo Tamara Tumanova“.

1932 wels safrangeTSi ori sabaleto dasi Camoyalibda _ „rusuli baleti monte-karlo“ da polkovnik de bazilis rusuli baleti“. 1933 wels, rodesac sami varskvlavis debiuti Sedga, maTi asaki camets ar aRemateboda. ingliselma mweralma arnold haskelma maT Baby Ballerinas Searqva. orive dasi warmatebiT atarebda gastrolebs sxvadasxva qveyanaSi. 30-40 ian

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2 gv.

wlebSi maT naxevari msoflio Semoiares. am sabaleto dass, romelsac jorj balanCini, igive giorgi balanCivaZe xelmZRvanelobda, parizSi da sxva qalaqebSi didi warmateba xvda wilad. 30-iani wlebis dasawyisidan Tamara TumaniSvilma daipyro msoflios wamyvani scenebi: parizis grand opera, londonis kovent gardeni, milanis la skala, niu iorkis metropopoliten opera.

jorj balanCini, serJ lifari, leonid miasini da sxva gamoCenili reJisorebi mis-Tvis dgamdnen speqtaklebs. megobrobda iseT cnobil adamianebTan, rogorebic iyvnen: pablo pikaso, sergei prokofievi, mark Sagali da sxvebi. 1940-ian wlebSi Tamara gatacebuli iyo kinoTi. misi debiuti did ekranze 1944 wels Sedga, Jak terneris filmSi „didebis dReebi“. suraTSi mas partniorobas gregori peki uwevda. rogorc TamarasTvis aseve gregori pekisTvis es roli kinematografiaSi pirveli iyo. imasTan dakavSirebiT, gascda Tu ara gregoris da Tamaras urTierToba megobrobis farglebs, azri sxvadasxvagvaria. zogi cnobiT isini bolomde megobrebi iyvnen, xolo arsebobs gansxvavebuli mosazrebac, - rogorc Semdeg, Tavad gregori pekma ganacxada - am filmma mas pirveli siyvaruli moutana.

gazeT „kviris palitraSi“ gamoqveynebuli, Cven mier zemoT xsenebuli intervius Tanaxmad, „Tamar TumaniSvilisa da gregori pekis romanzec iwereboda, magram isini mxolod saukeTeso megobrebi iyvnen. cnobilia, rom mas jorj balanCinma sTxova coloba, Tumca evgeniam xeli SeuSala Tamarisa da balanCinis asakobrivi sxvaobis gamo. amis miuxedavad, maTi megobroba ar Sewyvetila“.

1944 wels Tamara Tumanova amerikel scenarists, „didebis dReebis“ prodiusers da damdgmel reJisors, keisi robinsons gahyva colad. maTma qorwinebam 10 wels gastana. keisim igi ramdenime filmSi gadaiRo. erT-erT filmSi, Tamara legendaruli ana pavlovas rols asrulebda (“Deep in the heart”, gulis siRrmeSi, 1954.) erT-erT interviuSi, romelic rusul JurnalSi «Иные берега», №2 (34), 2014 daibeWda, ganacxada: „1947 wels kolosalur warmatebas mivaRwie. rodesac Cven gamovdiodiT TeatrSi „de Saio“, safrangeTis prezidentma, gadmomca jildo. es iyo Cemi xelisa da fexis anabeWdebisgan gakeTebuli qandakeba.“

didi pauzis Semdeg Tumanova kvlav gamoCnda ekranebze 1966 wels, alfred hiCkokis deteqtivSi „daxeuli farda“, sadac man Seasrula sasowarkveTili varskvlavis roli, romelsac ar surda imis dajereba, rom misi didebis mze Caesvena. Tamaras bolo kinoroli gaxda, bil uailderis suraTi „Serlok holmsis piradi cxovreba“ (1970).

Tamara TumaniSvili, rogorc ukve aRvniSne, ara erTi xelovanis muza gamxdara. aRsaniSnavia isic, rom misi portreti

niu iorkis cnobil sardis restoranSia gamofenili, sxva cnobili adamianebis gverdiT.

TinaTin janjRava

doqtoranti

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5 gv.

taZari Seqmnili maradisobisTvis

arqiteqturuli mimdinareoba goTika dasavleT evropaSi Sua saukuneebSi Camoyalibda. ukeT rom gavyveT mis fesvebs, goTikis akvans XII saukunis safrangeTSi vipoviT. am mimdinareobis warmoqmna, ra Tqma unda, TavisTavad ar momxdara. roca 1054 wels sqizmam mravali religiuri konfliqti moitana, xels Tan vaWrobis ganviTarebac moayola. ar gasula didi xani da Zalaufleba vaWrebma igdes xelSi. nel-nela qalaqebis aRmSenebloba daiwyo, sisxliani religiuri dapirispirebebi warsuls Cabarda da simSvidisa da Zlierebis sailustraciod „ZlierTa ama qveynisaTa“grandiozuli mSeneblobebi daiwyes... da daibada goTika!

goTikis sawyisebi romanul stilSi unda veZeboT. mkveTri xazis gavleba romanulsa da adreul goTikas Soris, metad rTulia, rac ar aris gasakviri, radgan goTika, rogorc arqiteqturuli mimdinareoba, fesvebs swored romanul stilSi idgams da mis ganviTarebas warmoadgens. TviT romanuli stili „bneli Sua saukuneebis“pirmSoa, riTic aixsneba misi daxvewili sisadave da gadaWarbebuli ubraloeba. zemoT aRwerili Sua saukuneebis evropis mdgomareoba naTels xdis, rom XII sauku-nidan romanuli stilidan goTikis war-moqmna alogikuri da TavisTavadi ar yofila da rom maTi Tvisobrivi gansxvavebebi gare

faqtorebis gavlenis Sedegia. gavida dro, goTikac axalfexadgmuli bavSvi aRar iyo da moaxerxa, romanulobis ZuZus mowyvetoda, misi gavlenisgan Tavi daeRwia da eTqva axali, ambiciuri da xmamaRali sityva Sua saukuneebis xelovnebis istoriaSi, ris dasturadac mxolod amienis RvTismSoblis sakaTedro taZaric kmara.

amienis RvTismSoblis sakaTedro taZari safrangeTSi, mdinare somis xeo-baSi mdebareobs. masze mwire werilobiTi wyaro mogvepoveba, radgan 1218 da 1258 wlebis xanZrebma taZris arqivic gaanadgura da TviTon kaTedralsac didi ziani miayena. marTalia, safrangeTSi moculobiT yvelaze did da maRal kaTedralze vsaubrobT, magram vis axsovs parametrebi, roca uyureb am taZars da xvdebi, rom goTikam Sua

saukuneebis bneli gvirabis bolos Suqi dainaxa da camde awvdili kaTedraliT TiTqos gviCvena, Tu rogori imediT iyo savse adamianuri suli zeciuri sasufevlis molodinSi. eqsterieri qvaze muSaobis iseTi saTuTi teqnikiTaa damuSavebuli, gegoneba maqmanebiTaa es kedlebi Semkulio. maSin, roca romanuli teZrebis fasadi sada da sufTa iyo, amienis kaTedralis kedlebi ulamazesi dekoraciebiiTaa dafaruli. fanjrebis raodenobiT didad ar gamoirCeva, magram mainc aRsaniSnavia, rom romanuli arqiteqturisgan gansxvavebiT, romelsac patara da viwro fanjrebi axasiaTebs, aq

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4 gv.

vxvdebiT grZel, maRal fanjrebs. erTs ori jobiao,- ase ifiqra, albaT, dalocvilma arqiteqtorma da amienis kaTedrals or mwkrivad SemoaWdo skulpturaTa wyeba centralur SesasvlelTa Tavze.

pirveli, rac goTikur stils romanulisagan ganasxvavebs, albaT, karis formaa. goTikaSi vxvdebiT e.w. wverwamaxul TaRebs. mas, romanulisgan gansxvavebiT, ar axasiaTebs mrgvali, rkalisebri TaRebi. xazi unda gaesvas amienis taZris sam Sesasvlels. samive „karibWe“ grandiozulia, TiTqos mouwodebs xalxs, movidnen da eziaron maTTvis TiTqos daumsaxurebel didebulebas. marto es maxasiaTebelia sakmarisi, rom goTikuri arqiteqtura romanulisgan ganvasxvaoT, romlisTvisac, umetes SemTxvevaSi, erTi, SedarebiT sada da mokrZalebuli karia damaxasiaTebeli. goTikuri taZris TaRi metad datvirTulia ornamentebiT Tu skulpturebiT, vidre romanulis; magram, am gansxvavebaTa miuxedavad, TiTqos, SesasvlelTa mowyoba Tvisobrivad mainc msgavsia.

ramdenime sityva unda iTqvas interierzec. rogorc yvela goTikur taZarSi, amienis kaTedralSic vxvdebiT kamarovan Wers, rac romanul nagebobebs ar axasiaTebT, sadac Weri brtyelia. es niSani arsebiTi gansxvavebaa am or stils

Soris. aseve unda aRiniSnos amienis taZris fanjaraTa morTuloba - moWiquli minebi. sakmarisia, mzis erTi sxivis moxvedra am fanjrebze da Suqis jadosnuri gardatexa iseTi haerovnebiT, zeciurobiT, mdidrulobiT da imavdroulad, sisadaviT avsebs taZars, rom martivi misaxvedria, - goTikurma Suqma „gamoiyvana“ romanuli stili „bneli Sua saukuneebidan“. magram, arafers aqvs mniSvneloba _ arc msgavsebas da arc gansxvavebas. faqti erTia: amienis kaTedraliT goTikam Seabija evropuli kulturis ojaxSi. vuyurebT am TaRebs, mi-nebs da fanjrebs da vxvdebiT, rom arsebobs raRac diadi da didi, Cemze da Senze didic. mas adamiani qmnis da Tu ver qmnis, tkbeba mainc misiT da cota xniT, daumsaxureblad magram, mainc, Tavs srulyofilad grZnobs. da am uzenaess xelovneba hqvia.

„xelovnebaa Tavad ukvdaveba“ _ vkiTxulobT „didostatis marjvenaSi“ da xvdebiT, rom amienzec dauweria konstantines.

davesesxebi milanis sakaTedro taZars da davasruleb:

„arsebobs kmayofileba, magram warmavali,arsebobs tkivili, magram warmavali,

mniSvnelovania mxolod is, rac maradiulia“.

nuca TurmaniZe

konomcodneobis IV kursi

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ra roli aqvs mxatvars filmis SeqmnaSi

7 gv.

warmodgenili, Semdeg dawerili da kadrze asaxuli ambavi... ambavi ocnebaze, siyvarulze, megobrobaze, sikvdilze, jadosnur samyaroze... uTvalavi saintereso istoria, romelic sxvadasxvanair emocias iwvevs. emocias, romelic gvwyvitavs realobas da romelic gvWirdeba. gvWirdeba imitom, sul cota xniT mainc, cxovreba ufro martivi xdeba.

kino Cveni cxovrebis ganuyofeli nawilia da es saocari magia Zalas arasdros dakargavs. rodesac vsaubrobT xarisxian filmebze da maT avtorebze, vaxsenebT _ reJisorsa da operators. Tumca, Tu kinoSi cota ufro meti gagvegeba, maSin saubarSi scenarists, mxatvarsa da kompozitors CavrTavT xolme. maT gareSe kino ver iarsebebda. kinos mxatvari, aris adamiani, romelic mayureblisTvis TiTqmis yovelTvis SeumCnevelia, Tumca sinamdvileSi swored is qmnis kinos yvelaze mniSvnelovan nawils, _ vizuals. vuyurebT kadrs, sadac, erTi SexedviT, araferi xdeba, musikac ki ar ismis, Tumca gamosaxuli kompozicia, erT wamSi gvafiqrebinebs, rom es Zalian kargi, xarisxiani filmia. anu, vizualuri atmosfero qmnis filmSi im ZiriTad ganwyobas, romelsac mxatvari asrulebs filmis Seqmnisas. SeiZleba cudi kameriT iyo filmi gadaRebuli, magram Tu mxatvroba kargia, filmi mainc kargi gamova.

kinos mxatvris Semoqmedeba agebulia naturis SerCevasa da eskizze, romelic garkveul cvlilebas ganicdis kadrad gadaqcevisas, kinoobieqtivSi moxvedris Semdeg. xSirad es saxecvlileba imdenad TvalsaCinoa, rom avtoris individualoba ikargeba. 1960-ani wlebis dasawyisis franguli `axali talRis~ filmebSi es cvalebadoba imdenad didi iyo, rom mxatvari mTlianad ikargeboda ekranze. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu mxatvris Semoqmedebis xasiaTi SeeTviseba filmis xasiaTs, kinos mxatvari mkafiod gamovlindeba filmSi. ar aqvs mniSvneloba romel periods aRwers reJisori, Tu mas kargi mxatvari hyavs, maSin is aucileblad SeZlebs nebismieri epoqis gacocxlebas. kinos yovelTvis etyoba gadaRebebis dros ramdenad kargad ugebdnen erTmaneTs reJisori da mxatvari.

reJisori mxatvrebis daxmarebiT pou-

lobs sivrceSi moxvedris araordinarul gzas da individualur gasaRebs argebs TiToeul personaJs. magaliTisTvis aviRoT filmi „qeTo da kote“. filmis kostiumebis mxatvari farnaoz lapiaSvili evropuli da aziuri nacionaluri kostiumebis SerwymiT, aRadgens qalaqis cxovrebis suraTebs, romelic maSin metad mravalferovani iyo. kinofilmze momuSave mxatvrebi cdiloben warmogvidginon interieri, dekoracia – yvelaferi is, rac aucilebelia im epoqis dasaxasiaTeblad, gadmoscen is garemo, romelic laparakobs im epoqis sazogadoebis xasiaTze. filmSi ,,qeTo da kote’’ mxatvrebis mier drois da garemos cvalebadoba vlindeba msaxiobTa CacmulobaSi, aseve, calkeul saganTa, aqsesuarTa gamoyenebaSi. kinos mxatvris Semoqmedeba garkveuli specifikurobiT gamoirCeva da am specifikurobas kargad grZnoben da iTvaliswineben film ,,qeTo da kotes~ mxatvrebi. amitomacaa es kinokadrebi saintereso. kinematografSi gadavida mxatvris SemoqmedebiTi Taviseburebani, dinamikis, ritmisa da moZraobis mZafri SegrZneba. filmis naxvisas mayurebeli TiTqos erTveba moqmedebaSi da xdeba misi uSualo monawile. suraTis mxatvrebma ioseb sumbaTaSvilma da farnaoz lapiaSvilma im epoqis ganumeorebeli portreti Seqmnes. maTi namuSevari mkveTri individualobiT gamoirCeva. aRsaniSnavia, rom reJisorma vaxtang tabliaSvilma kinofilmis mxatvrebTan erTad, ulamazesi kuTxiT aRbeWda da Semogvinaxa im epoqis Tbilisis iersaxe da misi arqiteqtura. XIX saukunis dasawyisidan, Tbilisis istoriaSi axali, sruliad gansxvavebuli furceli gadaiSala. cvlileba Seexo cxovrebis yvela mxares – politikurs, socialurs, ekonomikurs, kulturuls.

kostiumebis mxatvroba filmis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani komponentia. kostiumebi filmSi naxatiT da faqturaTa mravalferovnebiT erwymis interierebs, rekvizits, dekoraciul garemos. mxatvars xom mravalferovani wyaroebis moZieba da maTi Seswavlac moeTxoveba. amdenad, farnaoz lapiaSvilma moaxerxa imdroindeli,

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6 gv.

realuri kostiumebis gacocxleba da amiT SesZlo kidec sakuTari TvalTaxedva filmSi didi gemovnebiTa da sifrTxiliT gadaetana.

kinos mxatvari muSaobs rogorc mkvle-vari, romlis Ziebani moicavs xelovnebisa da mecnierebis sxvadasxva sferos. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom eskizebis Seqmnis procesSi, igi pirveli dgams films, warmosaxviT qmnis samoqmedo sivrces, ayalibebs mizanscenebs, arCevs ganaTebasa da gadaRebis wertilebs sxvadasxva rakursSi, da a.S. ra sakvirvelia, uSualod dekoraciebis Seqmnisas, igi iswrafvis rac SeiZleba zustad gadmosces masalis faqtura, miaRwios garemos bunebriobas, naturalobas, rac miRweulia kidec filmSi ,,qeTo da kote~. is iswrafvis gamomsaxvelobiTi xerxebis siaxlisaken farTo diapazoniT. muqi fonisa da cocxali ferebis kontrasti, samoqmedo garemos (rogorc interierebis, aseve eqsterierebis) sivrcobrivi da kompoziciuri agebuleba, zogjer saganTa erTgvari deformaciac ki STambeWdav dekoraciul iers aZlevs eskizebs, pasuxobs filmis Janrs da esadageba mis xasiaTs. Sesabamisad, mxatvroba filmSi martooden foni, samoqmedo are ki ar aris, igi aqtiur rols TamaSobs filmis emociur gamomsaxvelobaSi.

kinofilmSi, XIX saukunis epoqis mxatvrul asaxvaSi, didi roli iTamaSa Tbilisis arqiteqturulma fonma da ioseb sumbaTaSvilis mxatvrobam. kinosuraTis

analizi safuZvels gvaZlevs davaskvnaT, rom maxvilgonivrulma SemoqmedebiTma unarma, im periodis qalaqisa da sazogadoebrivi formaciis kargma codnam, mdidarma fantaziam sxvadasxva xelwerisa da individualobis mxatvrebs saSualeba misca kinofilmisaTvis SeeqmnaT XIX saukunis 60-iani wlebis konkretuli realuri garemo (igulisxmeba rogorc dekoraciebi, ise kostiumebi, romlebSic kinoxelovnebis masalisadmi XX saukunis pirveli naxevris damokidebuleba aisaxa). am filmma gauZlo dros swored imitom, rom SemoqmedebiTma jgufma moaxerxa nebismieri Taobis mayurebelSi epova gamoZaxili. reJisorebis, operatorisa da mxatvrebis mWidro TanamSromlobam ganapiroba ,,qeTo da kotes~ plastikuri enis Rrma gamomsaxveloba, asaxuli epoqisa da komediuri Janris Serwyma, ramac didad Seuwyo xeli filmis esTetikuri koncefciis poetur asaxvas.

gamorCeulia mxatvrebis roli sxva qarTul filmebSic. ar aqvs mniSvneloba iqneba es avqsenti cagarelis komedia „xanumas“ mixedviT gadaRebuli „qeTo da kote“, Tu zaza uruSaZis „mandarinebi“. vizualuri saSualebebiT Seqmnili xasiaTi da ganwyoba, yvela namuSevridan igrZnoba. rogorc nebismieri ram Cvens samyaroSi, drosTan erTad mudmiv cvlilebebs xelovnebis es dargic ganicdis. icvleba reJisorebis gemovneba, interesi. analogiuri xdeba mxatvrebTanac, Tumca Zireuli principebi mainc ucvleli rCeba.

kinos mxatvroba sruliad sxvanair xedvas, kinematografiul azrovnebas, specifikur

codnas moiTxovs da Tu ginda, rom am sferoSi warmatebuli gaxde, maSin aucileblad unda gqodnes Seni patara samyaro, romelsac yoveli axali scenaris gacnobisas axali feri Seemateba. Seni personaluri samyaro, sadac filmebis Seqmnamdec ki, ukve mTeli ambavi moTxrobili iqneba da romelsac reJisoric dainaxavs.

gvanca gadelia

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„maxinjebi“ – yvelaze saSineli filmi uaryofil da aranormalur

sazogadoebaze

1932 wels ekranze gamovida tod brauningis filmi „maxinjebi“. „yvelaze saSineli filmi uaryofil da aranormalur sazogadoebaze“gamosvlisTanave moeqca presis yuradRebis centrSi.

filmis moqmedeba cirkSi xdeba. fizikurad maxinji adamianebi da „normaluri“ garegnobis mqoneni erT did ojaxad cxovroben da rogorc finalSi irkveva aravis patieben ojaxis wevris Seuracxyofas. cirkis xelmZRvanel juja hanss sabediswero lamazmani, akrobati kleopatra Seuyvardeba da colad moiyvans. kleopatras, hansisgan gansxvavebiT, angareba amoZravebs, sakuTari meuRlis mowamvla da misi qonebis xelSi Cagdeba aqvs gadawyvetili. gegmis ganxorcielebaSi sayvareli exmareba. cirkis „maxinj“ wevrebTan dapirispireba kleopatrasTvis cudad mTavrdeba – is yvelaze Zvirfass, Tavis silamazes kargavs da isic, erT-erT „maxinjad“ gadaiqceva.

msaxiobebis fizikurma arasrulfasovnebam didi interesi gamoiwvia. gazeTebi aWrelda saTaurebiT : „marTla SeuZlia Tu ara srulfasovan qals Seiyvaros juja?“ „aqvT Tu ara sasiyvarulo aqti siamis tyupebs? „ra sqesisaa naxevrad qali da naxevrad kaci?“ da a.S. interesi „maxinjebis“ mimarT gamZafrebuli iyo imiT, rom maT rolebs ara grim wasmuli msaxiobebi, aramed fizikurad maxinji adamianebi asrulebdnen. reJisorma mTel amerikaSi Sekriba sxvadasxva cirkis cnobili artisti: „cocxali torsi“, adamianebi kidurebis gareSe, pit robinsoni, „cocxali ConCxi“, olga roderiki, „wveriani qali“, marta morisi, „uxelo adamiani“, „naxevradqali-naxevradkaci“ da sxvebi. jer kidev gadaRebis procesSi maTTan muSaobis problema Seiqmna. MGM-is TanamSromlebi Ciodnen, rom ar SeeZloT amdeni fizikuri gadaxris mqone adamianis yureba da gadaRebebis

Sewyvetas moiTxovdnen. es damokidebuleba kinosuraTis gamosvlis Semdgomac gagrZelda. 30-iani wlebis mayurebli ar iyo mzad ekranze asaxuli aseTi realobis misaRebad. filmis msvlelobisas xalxi darbazidan yviriliT garboda. aRsaniSnavia isic, „maxinjebi“ MGM-ma gaqiravebidan ori kviris Semdeg moxsna, mizezad _ dabali Semosavali dasaxelda.

brauningi yvelanairad cdilobda filmis gadarCenas. ramdenime alternatiuli finalic ki gadaiRo, maT Soris erTi – bednieri dasasruliT. Tumca, mcdeloba uSedego aRmoCnda. „maxinjebi“ amerikis umetes qalaqSi da did britaneTSi aikrZala. atlantis cenzuris komisiam films „amazrzeni, uxamsi da groteskuli~ uwoda. filmis finansuri kraxi brauningisTvis karieris dasasruls moaswavebda. amis Semdeg man mxolod oTxi filmis gadaReba moaxerxa.

filmi „maxinjebi“ 60-ian wlebSi avangardulma kinematografma xelaxla aRmoaCina. 1962 wels veneciis kinofestivalze suraTi saSinelebaTa filmebis nusxaSi moxvda. presaSi saqebarma sityvebmac ar daayovna. brauningis films TanagrZnobiT savse istoria uwodes. 1967 wels kinosuraTi niu-iorkis Tanamedrove xelovnebis muzeumSi aCvenes mayurebels. erTi wlis Semdeg ki kompania MGM. UA Home Video-m kompaniis direqtoris, luis b. maieris mier kinogaqiravebidan amoRebuli filmi, siamayiT gauSva ekranebze. mayureblisTvis 30-ian wlebSi miuRebeli sanaxaoba wlebis Semdeg istoriaSi Sevida, da iseTi filmebis prologad iqca, rogorebicaa: `maxinjebze da adamianebze~ (aleqsei balabanovi) `adamiani spilo~ (devid linCi) , „Txunela“ da sxva.

SegviZlia dRes Tamamad vTqvaT, rom arasrulfasovani garegnobis adamianebi sazogadoebam miiRo? gaxdnen isini sazogadoebis sruluflebiani wevrebi, Tu `Tavisufleba~, `siyvaruli~ da `erTianoba~ mxolod sityvebia da „maxinjebi“, rogorc cxovrebaSi, ise ekranze, kvlav usiamovno grZnobebs iwveven?

amis pasuxad SeiZleba 2008 wels „maxinjebis“ feradi rimeiki CaiTvalos, romelic naklebad cnobilma reJisorma driu belma gadaiRo. driu belis filmma „maxinjebis Sou“ (Freak Show) winamorbedis bedi gaiziara da gamosvlisTanave msoflios ormocdasam qveyanaSi aikrZala.

rogorc Cans 60-anma wlebmac ki ver moaxerxa adamianebis mentalobaSi iseTi gadatrialebis moxdena, romelic film „maxinjebs“ yvela adamianisTvis misaRebs gaxdida da gansxvavebuli garegnobis mqone pirTa miRma tod brauningis mTavar saTqmels – humanurobas daanaxebda.

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