samedicino statistikis aqtualuri sakitxebi marina kikvize tbilisi, tfdec 09.02.2010
TRANSCRIPT
mizani
ganvixiloT samedicino statistikis ZiriTadi meTodebi;gavecnoT kvlevis Catarebis dros daSvebul Secdomebs.
samedicino statistika
klinikuri kvlevis Sedegad miRebul klinikuri kvlevis Sedegad miRebul monacemTa damuSavbis meTodia; damuSavbis meTodia;
kvlevis saSualebaa da ara Sedegi;kvlevis saSualebaa da ara Sedegi;
klinikuri gamocdilebis gadayvana klinikuri gamocdilebis gadayvana raodenobrivi Sefasebis enaze.raodenobrivi Sefasebis enaze.
biostatistika da klinikuri praqtika
samecniero kvlevis organizaciisa da Catarebis meTodologia
samedicino literaturis swori wakiTxva
klinikur monacemTa tipebi
raodenobrivi (interval data) xarisxobrivi (nominal data) rigiTi (ordinal data)
ganawilebis tipebi
0 5 20 40 60 80 95 100 2.5 10 30 50 70 90 97.5
50
40
30
20
10
0
+/– 2 standartuli gadaxra
+/–1 standartuli gadaxra
wili populaciaSi (%)
mon
acem
is
mn
iSvn
elo
ba
normaluri ganawilebis mrudi
ganawilebis tipebi
moda : yvelaze xSiri maCvenebelimediana: wertili, romlis qvemoT da zemoT
ganlagebulia maCvenebelebis zustad naxevari, anu 50% (procentili).
saSualo: monacemTa jami dakvirvebaTa ricxvi
asimetriuli ganawilebis mrudebi
statistikuri meTodebi
monacemebis aRwera
• parametriuli (saSualo, standartuli gadaxra)
• araparametriuli (mediana, moda, procentilebi)
hipoTezis Semowmeba
nulovani hipoTezis cneba
nulovani hipoTeza (Ho) niSnavs daSvebas, rom sxvaoba or Sedarebul obieqts Soris ar aRiniSneba.
Ho miReba niSnavs, rom dadgenili sxvaoba SemTxveviTia; Ho ar miReba ki piriqiT – sxvaoba ar aris SemTxveviTi.
Ho SecdomiT uaryofis albaTobas ew. alfa-Secdoma / α-error.Ho SecdomiT miRebis albaTobas ew. beta-Secdoma / β-error.
statistikuri Secdoma
sworia
α - Secdoma
β - Secdoma
sworia
(1) sworia (2) arasworia
sinamdvileSi hipoTeza:
(1) miRebulia
(2)uaryofiliahipoTeza
statistikuri simZlavre
simZlavre = 1 - β-Secdoma rac ufro maRalia simZlavre, miT metia mkurnalobis
meTodis upiratesobis dadgenis Sansi, Tu is arsebobs. Cveulebriv sazRvraven 80% simZlavres (zogjer 90%). simZlavre matulobs sakvlevi obieqtebis raodenobis
gazrdiT.
sistematikuri Secdoma
sakvlevi masalis SerCevis dros daSvebuli Secdoma - mkvlevari araobieqtiuria jgufebSi subieqtebis
ganawilebis dros.
gazomvis dros daSvebuli Secdomebi - erT jgufSi pacientebi ukeT sazRvraven mkurnalobis
Sedegebs, vidre meoreSi.
placebos efeqti - dadebiTi efeqti, rodesac pacienti fiqrobs, rom mas
mkurnaloben
monacemTa analizis tipiuri Secdomebi
Sansi - albaToba imisa, rom Sedegi miRebul iqna SemTxveviT;
mag. р=0,05 niSnavs, rom SesaZlebelia erTi SemTxveviTi Sedegi 20-dan.
kolinearnoba - faqtori, romelic dakavSirebulia obieqtTan da ara
daavadebasTan; mag. filtvebis kiboTi daavadebulis jibeSi asanTis kolofi.
monacemTa analizis tipiuri Secdomebi
hipotezebis areva - faqtori, romlis zemoqmedeba ar iyo
gaTvaliswinebuli hipoTezis gansazRvrisas; mag. qlorvinilis zegavlena kiboTi daavadebis riskze qimiur mrewvelobaSi momuSaveTa Soris.
klinikuri kvlevebis klasifikacia
klinikuri kvlevebiklinikuri kvlevebi
observaciuliobservaciuli eqsperimentulieqsperimentuli
aRwerilobiTiaRwerilobiTi analitikurianalitikuri
•SemTxvevebis aRwera/Case reports
•SemTxvevaTa SemTxvevaTa seriebis seriebis kvleva/kvleva/Case series
•erTmomentiani erTmomentiani kvlevakvleva
•gamokiTxvebigamokiTxvebi
•klinikuri cdebi /Clinical trials
•meta-analizi/Meta-analysis
• ««SemTxvevaSemTxveva-kontroli-kontroli»» //Case-control studyCase-control study
•kohortuli /kohortuli /Cohort studyCohort study
kriteriumebikvleva
cvladiOori jgufiOori jgufi or jgufze or jgufze
metimetierTi jgufi erTi jgufi mkurnalobamkurnalobamde da mde da SemdegSemdeg
erTi jgufi erTi jgufi mkurnalobis mkurnalobis ramdenime ramdenime saxesaxe
cvladebis kavSiri
raodenobrivi (normaluri ganawileba*)
stiudentis Student(William Gosset ) kriteriumi
dispersiu;li dispersiu;li analizianalizi
stiudentis wyvili kriteriumi
ganmeorebiTi ganmeorebiTi gazomvebis gazomvebis dispersiu;li dispersiu;li analizianalizi
wrfivi wrfivi regresia, regresia, korelacia an korelacia an blend-blend-altmanis altmanis meTodimeTodi
xarisxobrivi kriteriumi x² kriteriumi x² Kmak-nimariskriteriumi
Kkokrenis kriteriumi
...koeficienti...koeficienti
rigiTi man-uitnisMann-Whitney kriteriumi
Kkruskal-uolisisKruskall-Wallis kriteriumi
uilkoksonisWilcoxon kriteriumi
Ffridmanis kriteriumi
spirmenis spirmenis rangebis rangebis korelaciis korelaciis koeficientikoeficienti
sicocxlis sicocxlis xangrZlivobaxangrZlivoba
Ggehanis kriteriumi
*Tu ganawileba asimetriulia, iyeneben analogiur araparametriul meTodebs
sarwmunoebis ori koncefcia
Sida sarwmunoebainternal validity
ganisazRvreba imiT, Tu Catarebuli kvleviT miRebuli Sedegebi Seesabameba sinamdviles , anu is axasiaTebs mxolod avadmyofTa gamokvleul jgufs.
gareTa gareTa sarwmunoeba (ganzogadoeba)
external validity or generalizability
ganisazRvreba imiT, Tu Catarebuli kvleviT miRebuli Sedegebi gamoyenebadia avadmyofTa sxva jgufze.
kompiuteruli teqnologiebi monacemTa analizisaTvis
EpiInfo
SNA - Social Network Analysis
SPSS — Statistical Package for the Social Science