safety manual september 2018 - pvcc
TRANSCRIPT
SAFETY MANUAL
SEPTEMBER 2018
Kim McManus
Vice President for Finance and Administrative Services
Timothy Woodson Facilities Manager
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 1: GENERAL SAFETY & HEALTH .................................................................................................. 5 1.1 Piedmont Virginia Community College Safety & Health Policy Statement .......................................... 5 1.2 Safety Policy ................................................................................................................................................................... 6 1.3 Loss Prevention & Control Policy .......................................................................................................................... 6
SECTION 2: SAFETY & HEALTH ADMINISTRATION ............................................................................................ 8 2.1 Safety Orientation & Training ................................................................................................................................. 8 2.2 Safety Rules .................................................................................................................................................................... 8 2.3 Enforcement of Safety Procedures ....................................................................................................................... 8
SECTION 3: SAFETY & HEALTH ORGANIZATION ................................................................................................. 9 3.1 Safety Committee - General ..................................................................................................................................... 9 3.2 Safety Committee Policy & Procedures .............................................................................................................. 9 3.3 Safety Inspections & Corrective Actions .......................................................................................................... 10
SECTION 4: ACCIDENT REPORTING, INVESTIGATION & WORKERS’ COMPENSATION ........................ 11 4.1 Accident Reporting Policy ...................................................................................................................................... 11 4.2 Accident Investigation Policy ................................................................................................................................ 11 4.3 Workers’ Compensation Management Program .......................................................................................... 12
SECTION 5: SAFETY PROCEDURES ......................................................................................................................... 13 5.1 Safety Procedures - General .................................................................................................................................. 13 5.2 General Safety Rules & Procedures .................................................................................................................... 13 5.3 Specific Safety Rules & Procedures .................................................................................................................... 14
SECTION 6: BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS EXPOSURE CONTROL PLAN ........................................................ 17 6.1 Bloodborne Pathogens Exposure Control Plan - General ......................................................................... 17 6.2 General Program Management ............................................................................................................................ 17 6.3 Exposure Determination......................................................................................................................................... 18 6.4 Methods of Compliance ........................................................................................................................................... 20 6.5 Labels and Signs ......................................................................................................................................................... 25 6.6 Hepatitis B Vaccination Exposure Incident Procedures ............................................................................ 25 6.7 Employee Training .................................................................................................................................................... 28
SECTION 7: CHEMICAL HYGIENE PLAN ................................................................................................................. 30 7.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................. 30 7.2 General Principles ..................................................................................................................................................... 31 7.3 Standard Operating Procedures .......................................................................................................................... 32 7.4 Chemical Procurement ............................................................................................................................................ 36 7.5 Storage and Distribution ......................................................................................................................................... 37 7.6 Waste Disposal ............................................................................................................................................................ 39 7.7 Spills and Accidents .................................................................................................................................................. 40 7.8 Control Measures ....................................................................................................................................................... 42 7.9 Safety and Emergency Equipment / Facilities ............................................................................................... 46 7.10 Facilities ......................................................................................................................................................................... 48 7.11 Training and Information ....................................................................................................................................... 50 7.12 Medical Consultants and Examinations ............................................................................................................ 51 7.13 Responsibilities .......................................................................................................................................................... 52 7.14 Standard Operating Procedures for Particularly Hazardous Substances .......................................... 54 7.15 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................................................... 57 7.16 Acronyms and Terms ............................................................................................................................................... 58 7.17 References and Resources ..................................................................................................................................... 58
SECTION 8: HAZARD COMMUNICATION PROGRAM ......................................................................................... 59 8.1 Hazard Communication - General ....................................................................................................................... 59
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8.2 Procedures .................................................................................................................................................................... 59 8.3 Definitions..................................................................................................................................................................... 63 8.4 Performance Standards ........................................................................................................................................... 64
SECTION 9: JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS PROGRAM ................................................................................................... 64 9.1 Job Safety Analysis – General ................................................................................................................................ 64 9.2 High Risk Jobs & Programs .................................................................................................................................... 64 9.3 Training.......................................................................................................................................................................... 64 9.4 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) .............................................................................................................. 66 9.5 Tool Selection, Evaluation & Condition ............................................................................................................ 66 9.6 Hazard Prevention & Control ................................................................................................................................ 66 9.7 Notification of Employees & Students ............................................................................................................... 66
SECTION 10: LOCKOUT/TAGOUT POLICY ............................................................................................................ 67 10.1 Lockout/Tagout Policy - General ........................................................................................................................ 67 10.2 Program Implementation ....................................................................................................................................... 67 10.3 Full Employee Protection ....................................................................................................................................... 68 10.4 Energy Control Procedures ................................................................................................................................... 68 10.5 Protective Materials & Hardware ....................................................................................................................... 69 10.6 Training.......................................................................................................................................................................... 69 10.7 Application of Control .............................................................................................................................................. 70 10.8 Release From Lockout/Tagout ............................................................................................................................. 71 10.9 Testing of Machines, Equipment, or Components ........................................................................................ 71 10.10 Non-PVCC Personnel (Contractors, Etc.).......................................................................................................... 72 10.11 Group Lockout/Tagout ............................................................................................................................................ 72 10.12 Definitions..................................................................................................................................................................... 72
SECTION 11: RESPIRATORY PROTECTION POLICY .......................................................................................... 74 11.1 Respiratory Protection Policy - General ........................................................................................................... 74 11.2 Policy Statement ......................................................................................................................................................... 74 11.3 Use of Respiratory Protection Equipment....................................................................................................... 74 11.4 Inspection, Maintenance & Care of Respiratory Equipment .................................................................... 75 11.5 Training.......................................................................................................................................................................... 75 11.6 Respiratory Equipment Fit Testing .................................................................................................................... 75 11.7 Medical Evaluations .................................................................................................................................................. 76 11.8 Definitions..................................................................................................................................................................... 76
SECTION 12: SLIPS, TRIPS & FALLS SAFETY POLICY ........................................................................................ 79 12.1 Slips, Trips & Falls - General .................................................................................................................................. 79 12.2 Housekeeping Policy ................................................................................................................................................ 79 12.3 Aisles and Passageways .......................................................................................................................................... 79 12.4 Covers and Guardrails.............................................................................................................................................. 80 12.5 Guarding Floor and Wall Openings & Holes ................................................................................................... 80 12.6 Definitions..................................................................................................................................................................... 80
SECTION 13: HIGH RISK INSTRUCTIONAL PROGRAMS ................................................................................... 81 13.1 Supervision of Students in Labs ........................................................................................................................... 81 13.2 Instructors Shall Stay Current in Their Industry .......................................................................................... 81 13.3 Safety in Labs & Classrooms .................................................................................................................................. 82 13.4 Personal Projects in Labs ....................................................................................................................................... 82 13.5 Safety Requirements in Instructor Evaluation Forms ................................................................................ 83 13.6 Classroom & Lab Rules of Behavior ................................................................................................................... 83 13.7 Instructors Shall be Familiar with Emergency Equipment ...................................................................... 83 13.8 Students Shall Pass a Safety Test Prior to Working in Labs ..................................................................... 83 13.9 Utilize Advisory Councils to Examine Safety-Related Topics .................................................................. 83 13.10 Students Shall Receive Emergency Training .................................................................................................. 84 13.11 Stress Importance of Safety in Course Outlines/Syllabi ............................................................................ 84 13.12 Include a Listing of All Safety Equipment in Course Outline/Syllabi ................................................... 84
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13.13 Labs Shall be Clean and Organized and Display Safety Signage ............................................................. 84 13.14 Require Equipment Inspections .......................................................................................................................... 84 13.15 Enforce Practices Written in Course Syllabi ................................................................................................... 84
Appendix A: Building Safety Checklist .................................................................................................... 85
Appendix B: Incident Reporting Form (Maxient) ................................................................................ 88
Appendix C: Hepatitis B Vaccine Declination Statement .................................................................. 91
Appendix D: DOT Hazard Classification List, EPA Hazard Classification List ............................ 92
Appendix E: Lockout/Tagout Procedures for Specific Equipment ................................................ 93
Appendix F: OSHA Respirator Medical Evaluation Questionnaire (Mandatory) ..................... 94
Appendix G: Specific Safety Procedures For High Risk Instructional Programs ................... 103
Appendix H: Bloodborne Pathogens Exposure Incident Procedures ......................................... 105
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SECTION 1: GENERAL SAFETY & HEALTH 1.1 PIEDMONT VIRGINIA COMMUNITY COLLEGE SAFETY & HEALTH POLICY STATEMENT
A. The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 requires employers to provide safe and healthful working conditions and for employees to have an important role in safety and health operations. The safety and health of employees and students is a primary consideration in the operation of PVCC and is an integral component of our mission in this community.
B. Safety and health in our day to day operations is an important part of PVCC’s standard operating procedures. It is every employee’s responsibility to comply with the requirements in this safety manual and to perform their job in a manner that advances this commitment to employee safety and health.
C. It is the intent of PVCC to comply with all applicable laws and regulations. To do this, we must constantly be aware of conditions that can produce injuries in all areas of the campus. No employee is expected or required to work at a job he or she knows is not safe or healthful. Cooperation in identifying and detecting hazards and, in turn, controlling them is a condition of employment at PVCC. If an employee identifies or detects a hazard, the employee shall immediately inform his or her supervisor of the hazard if implementation of the required correction is beyond their ability or authority.
D. The personal safety and health of each employee and student is of primary importance. The prevention of occupationally related and/or induced injuries and illnesses is of such consequence that it will be given precedence over any other consideration.
E. PVCC shall maintain a safety and health program conforming to the best management practices of organizations of this type. To be successful, such a program must embody proper attitudes toward injury and illness prevention not only on the part of employees and students, but also between each person and his or her co-workers. Only through such a cooperative effort can a safety program be established that serves the best interests of all of the stakeholders.
F. Our objective is to have a safety and health program that will reduce the number of injuries and illnesses to an absolute minimum.
______________________________________________________ Frank Friedman President, Piedmont Virginia Community College
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1.2 SAFETY POLICY
A. Piedmont Virginia Community College shall not knowingly permit unsafe conditions to
exist, nor will it permit employees or students to engage in unsafe acts. Violations of safety rules and regulations shall result in disciplinary action in accordance with the procedures contained in the latest version of the “Standards of Conduct” Policy No. 1.60 of the Virginia Department of Human Resource Management Policies and Procedures Manual.
B. PVCC believes that the safety of employees and physical property can best be ensured by a meaningful program. It is the purpose of this safety manual to define and publish the safety and health policies of the college. It is not intended to be an exhaustive list of safety and health policies and procedures and, furthermore, Piedmont Virginia Community College has the right to withdraw, suspend, modify or amend these policies or procedures in whole or in part at any time and without notice.
1. Employees: Since the employee on the job is frequently more aware of unsafe conditions than anyone else, employees are encouraged to make recommendations, suggestions, and criticisms of unsafe conditions to their immediate supervisor so that they may be corrected.
2. Faculty and staff are generally responsible for the working conditions within their departments and facilities and shall remain alert to dangerous and unsafe conditions, so that:
a. Recommendations and corrective action can be taken. b. Disciplinary measures can be taken against those who habitually create or
indulge in unsafe practices. c. Appropriate assessments can be made of new or changed situations which
create inherent dangers. d. Follow up with employees’ recommendations to improve safety and health
conditions in the workplace can be made.
C. In accordance with the policies described herein, it is the responsibility of the safety committee to provide support to enhance the safety program at PVCC. See Section 3 of this manual for a more detailed description of the safety committee’s responsibilities.
1.3 LOSS PREVENTION & CONTROL POLICY
A. Piedmont Virginia Community College shall maintain an effective loss prevention and control program to protect the safety and health of employees and students and for the conservation of property and facilities. The policies, procedures and responsibilities are incorporated in this manual.
B. PVCC shall provide the necessary resources and enforcement to ensure adherence to, and compliance with, this manual. It is the responsibility of all employees and students to work together to provide the necessary corrective actions to ensure an injury free workplace and conservation of property.
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C. It is the responsibility and duty of all employees and students to adhere to the policies, procedures and programs incorporated in this manual. Employees and students shall immediately report any potential or real hazards which may cause personal injury or illness and/or property damage or loss. Employees and students are expected to observe all applicable safety requirements, to use safety equipment provided, and to practice safe work practices and procedures at all times.
D. It is the responsibility of the vice president for finance and administrative services and the facilities manager to administer this loss prevention and control program which shall include, without limitation, the following:
1. Fire protection and emergency preparedness. 2. Smoking regulations. 3. Property and equipment maintenance. 4. Safety and health training. 5. Insurance company regulations. 6. Hazardous material evaluation. 7. Confined space policy. 8. Loss prevention and inspection. 9. Administration of the safety and health program. 10. Security. 11. Hazard identification and evaluation. 12. Chemical control programs. 13. Compliance with state and federal regulations.
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SECTION 2: SAFETY & HEALTH ADMINISTRATION 2.1 SAFETY ORIENTATION & TRAINING
A. Piedmont Virginia Community College shall provide appropriate safety training to individuals based on their job responsibilities.
B. Under the guidance of human resources and the safety committee, required training
and refresher training shall be developed and delivered to all employees.
C. Safety training shall include general safety and health information and specific information about safety requirements for the job to which the employee is assigned.
2.2 SAFETY RULES
A. Safety rules are established to provide a basic understanding of minimum requirements necessary to ensure a safe and healthful work environment and protect employees from injuries and illnesses due to exposures to occupational hazards.
B. Safety and health rules shall be enforced in accordance with the latest version of the
“Standards of Conduct” Policy No. 1.60 of the Virginia Department of Human Resource Management Policies and Procedures Manual.
1. This policy applies to positions covered by the Virginia Personnel Act including full-time and part-time classified and restricted employees.
2. This policy excludes employees who are serving probationary periods. However, it is understood that this policy shall be used as a guideline for excluded employee behavior as proscribed by the above referenced policy.
2.3 ENFORCEMENT OF SAFETY PROCEDURES
A. Each supervisor shall ensure that all safety procedures are followed by his or her employees. Supervisors shall always encourage employees to work safely by complimenting them for performing tasks in a safe manner or bringing safety hazards to their attention. Whenever a safety violation is noticed, the supervisor shall quickly correct the employee.
B. If it becomes necessary to administer progressive discipline for safety rule violations, the disciplinary procedures shall be those contained in the “Standards of Conduct” Policy No. 1.60 for Group 1 Offenses. Disciplinary action taken shall generally follow the progressive discipline process as defined in the Employee Handbook which may result in eventual removal from the job. The only exception to this policy is behavior that could be characterized as “immediately dangerous to life and health.” Such egregious misconduct shall be considered a Group III Offense and may result discharge upon the first offense.
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SECTION 3: SAFETY & HEALTH ORGANIZATION 3.1 SAFETY COMMITTEE - GENERAL
A. The primary objective of the safety committee is to provide support to enhance the safety program at Piedmont Virginia Community College. In addition to this primary mission, the safety committee shall encourage all employees to participate in the safety process for the betterment of all concerned.
B. The personal safety and health of each employee and student is of primary importance.
To the greatest extent possible, this committee shall provide employees a voice to the leadership of the school to ensure that all mechanical and physical facilities required for personal safety and health are provided and maintained in keeping with the standards established for Virginia’s community colleges. In carrying out its primary mission, the committee is committed to:
1. Formulate and disseminate policies, practices and procedures that promote health and safety.
2. Consult with the vice president for finance and administrative services, the human resources manager and others on any changes in health and safety policies, practices and procedures proposed by the committee.
3. Assist the college’s administration in planning actions related to occupational health and safety.
4. Act as a problem-solving group to assist in the identification and control of hazards. 5. Help to resolve health and safety issues.
3.2 SAFETY COMMITTEE POLICY & PROCEDURES
A. The safety committee shall encourage safety awareness among all employees. In addition, the committee shall monitor safety performance, safety inspections, and administer the safety program. The committee is charged to:
1. Reduce injuries and illnesses by preventing accidents and near miss incidents and investigate incidents when they do occur.
2. Be aware of conditions in all work areas that can produce injuries. 3. Aid the school in complying with all laws pertaining to safety. 4. Aid in the prevention of occupationally-induced injuries and illnesses. 5. Aid the college in providing all mechanical and physical facilities required for
personal safety and health. 6. Establish a program that instills the proper attitudes toward injury and illness
prevention not only on the part of employees, but also between each employee and his or her co-workers.
7. Achieve a safety program which is in the best interest of all concerned parties.
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B. The safety committee shall be comprised of up to nine members as follows:
1. Vice president for finance and administrative services, Chair. 2. One representative from each division. 3. One representative from the facilities department. 4. One representative from student development. 5. Other representatives as deemed necessary to cover specific areas such as chemical
hygiene, CERT, and the college’s safety infrastructure.
C. The principal responsibilities of the safety committee shall be as follows:
1. Conduct regular safety meetings. 2. Conduct building safety inspections. 3. Review accident/injury reports and discuss corrective actions. 4. Maintain appropriate records of their activities. 5. Review and update the safety manual on an annual basis or as needed.
D. This program applies to all of the Piedmont Virginia Community College facilities.
3.3 SAFETY INSPECTIONS & CORRECTIVE ACTIONS
A. The safety committee shall conduct regular inspections of campus buildings and grounds using the Building Safety Checklist (Appendix A).
B. Corrective action plans shall be developed for those items noted as needing attention on the Building Safety Checklist. This plan shall include immediate steps to eliminate and/or reduce the potential for accidents in the workplace.
1. The plan shall include a target completion date for items that cannot be corrected immediately. Temporary measures shall be taken to ensure the safety of employees while the corrective action is scheduled to be performed.
2. Corrective actions that cannot be completed immediately shall be reported at the safety committee meeting. The committee shall follow up on resolution of items noted for corrective action included on the Building Safety Checklist.
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SECTION 4: ACCIDENT REPORTING, INVESTIGATION & WORKERS’ COMPENSATION
4.1 ACCIDENT REPORTING POLICY
A. Any serious or close call incident involving personal injury to an employee shall be reported to the employee’s supervisor and human resources immediately and be followed up by submission of a Maxient Incident Report (see Appendix B) within two working days.
1. The human resource manager and the employee’s supervisor shall work together to investigate each reported injury and shall be responsible for certifying that injuries claimed as work related actually occurred at work.
2. Damage to buildings, equipment, or property shall be reported to the facilities manager.
B. Employees shall not be required to take sick leave for appointments with physicians for
treatment and/or examination of compensable injuries provided it is for an approved claim.
1. Initial treatment shall be provided by one of three medical providers approved by Workers’ Compensation.
2. Unless an imminent danger exists to an employee due to a medical emergency, any employee who leaves work during working hours because of an injury must have the approval of human resources.
C. Any accident involving a student should be reported to the Department of Public Safety. In the event of an emergency, 911 should be called first, followed by the Department of Public Safety. A Maxient Incident Report (Appendix B) should be completed within two working days.
4.2 ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION POLICY
A. The primary purpose of accident investigation is preventing future workplace injuries. This document provides a basis for studying and recording the reasons an accident occurred, identifying existing or potential job hazards (both safety and health), and determining the best course of action to take to reduce or eliminate these hazards.
B. The human resources manager is responsible for ensuring that accidents are properly investigated.
1. Accident investigations shall be started promptly. 2. The Incident Report form shall be used to gather data to determine causes of
accidents and to identify appropriate corrective actions. C. When new employees are hired, human resources shall inform them during new
employee orientation about the accident investigation procedures and their role and responsibilities pursuant to this policy.
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4.3 WORKERS’ COMPENSATION MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
A. All accidents, injuries, and/or claims of accidental injury shall be investigated if the accident/injury is claimed to have occurred on campus and shall be reported to human resources in order to ensure that workers’ compensation benefits are provided if appropriate.
B. Injured employees shall comply with the following:
1. Report the incident immediately to his or her supervisor. 2. Complete the Incident Report within two working days of the incident and submit it
through the Maxient system. 3. Select a physician from the approved panel of physicians if medical treatment is
necessary and inform human resources of the choice. The approved panel of physician list is available from human resources.
4. Forward any medical bills, physician reports and/or lost time notes to human resources. If the employee is a Virginia Sickness and Disability Plan (VSDP) participant and is going to be out of work, the employee shall contact UNUM at 1-800-652-5602 within 24 hours.
5. Maintain contact with the supervisor and/or human resources regarding the amount of time lost and expected return to work date.
6. Obtain written authorization to return to full or restricted duty from the physician and present authorization to human resources.
C. The injured employee’s supervisor shall comply with the following:
1. Notify human resources of the incident immediately. 2. Assist the injured employee in completing and submitting the Incident Report. In
the event that the employee is unable to complete the report, the supervisor shall complete as much of the report as possible.
3. Send the original of the completed form to human resources within two working days and notify human resources if the employee will miss time from work due to the accident or injury.
D. The human resources manager shall comply with the following:
1. Work with the employee’s supervisor to conduct an investigation of the incident to include, without limitation, the following:
a. Interview with the injured employee. b. Interviews of all witnesses named by the injured employee. c. Evaluation of the area where the incident occurred to determine possible
cause(s) and contributing factors and to identify any physical hazards.
2. Notify the treating physician that the injured employee will be seeking treatment as a workers’ compensation claim and that all bills, physicians’ notes and orders shall be forwarded to PVCC.
3. Complete the Employers’ First Report of Accident and forward it to the third-party administrator, Managed Care Innovations (MCI), within ten (10) days of the incident.
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4. Arrange for a modified duty assignment if it is determined by the treating physician to be necessary.
5. Maintain a workers’ compensation file separate from the employee’s personnel file and submit the paperwork to MCI in a timely fashion to ensure the employee’s access to all benefits to which he or she is entitled.
6. Utilize the web-based G2WebLink to effectively manage workers’ compensation claims and payments.
7. Assist supervisors and/or employees with every facet of the worker’s compensation process.
8. Submit the Fiscal Year Report of Workplace Safety & Health Updates to the Office of Workers’ Compensation by October 1 of each year.
SECTION 5: SAFETY PROCEDURES 5.1 SAFETY PROCEDURES - GENERAL
A. PVCC employees shall comply with the following safety and health requirements when working with and/or around the equipment described herein.
1. The facilities manager shall be responsible for implementing and enforcing these requirements in areas related to maintenance and shall certify that any affected employees are properly trained before they engage in work activities involving the equipment or tasks.
2. Instructors and deans shall be responsible for implementing and enforcing these requirements in areas related to academic programs and shall certify that any affected students are properly trained before they engage in activities involving the equipment or tasks.
B. Employees and students shall not perform work or handle equipment or material if
they are not familiar with or have not been trained to perform the task and/or job in a safe manner.
5.2 GENERAL SAFETY RULES & PROCEDURES
A. All employees shall comply with the following general rules and procedures as
applicable:
1. Use an appropriate ladder or stool when reaching for high objects. Do not stand on a chair, carton or other substitute for the correct device.
2. Properly store and/or strap down all items. Accidents can be caused by falling objects carelessly placed in elevated locations.
3. Inspect electrical devices for safe operation prior to use and periodically thereafter. 4. Electrical cords that are badly worn or damaged shall be repaired or discarded. 5. Temporary electrical cords shall be routed so as not to cross aisles or walkways. 6. Use machines only for their intended jobs. If the machine has guards, use them. 7. Do not disable or override guards or other safety devices. 8. Report defective or worn tools and equipment to the appropriate supervisor.
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9. Lock and tag machines and equipment which is being repaired in accordance with PVCC’s Lockout/Tagout Policy. (Section 10 of this manual.)
10. Inform the appropriate supervisor if taking prescription medicines that cause fatigue or drowsiness. Do not operate machines or equipment unless fully alert.
11. Report all injuries and/or “close calls” to the appropriate supervisor and human resources. (See Section 4 of this manual for additional information.)
12. Report all unsafe conditions and/or unsafe acts to the appropriate supervisor so that corrective action can be taken.
13. Do not engage in horseplay, scuffling, running and practical joking in work areas where there are hazards.
14. Do not wear open toe shoes and sandals in work areas where there are hazards. 15. Do not wear long hair, dangling jewelry, watches and rings in areas where there are
hazards. 16. Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) in areas in which hazards
exist.
5.3 SPECIFIC SAFETY RULES & PROCEDURES
A. Abrasive wheel equipment is defined as cutting tools with abrasive grains including, without limitation, bench and portable grinders.
1. Only authorized employees shall operate abrasive wheel equipment. 2. Abrasive wheel equipment shall not be used within 35 feet of opened combustible
and flammable materials. 3. Gaps between tool rests and the grinding wheel shall be set properly and guards
shall be in place.
B. Compressed gas storage tanks and cylinders shall be handled and stored in accordance with the following:
1. Never smoke when carrying, connecting, disconnecting or working around cylinder storage areas.
2. Use gloves when handling propane cylinders. 3. Visually inspect cylinders prior to each use for dents, scrapes and gouges; damage to
the valves; debris in the relief valve; damage to or loss of the relief valve cap; leakage at valves or threaded connections; and damage to or loss of gaskets and o-rings.
4. Compressed gas cylinders shall not be dropped, thrown, rolled or dragged. 5. If any defects are found, tag the cylinder, remove it from service and place it in an
area reserved for unserviceable cylinders. 6. Secure cylinders with a chain when storing or transporting them. 7. Empty cylinders shall be stored in a designated area, and not left in the workplace. 8. Cylinders shall not be stored near sources of heat, open flames, or other sources of
ignition.
C. All work performed in confined spaces as defined by OSHA 1910.146 shall be conducted in a safe manner that complies with requirements of the standard.
1. Confined spaces shall be labeled “DANGER – Permit Required. Confined Space. Do Not Enter.”
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2. PVCC employees shall not be permitted to enter the confined space. Entry shall only be by qualified contractor personnel.
D. Proper care shall be used when handling industrial or laboratory chemicals to avoid damage to health or environment. Employees shall become familiar with MSDS/SDS that accompany a product or are available in the area. Consult these sheets for the proper hand, face, and eye protection and ventilation requirements. In addition, MSDS/SDS sheets should be consulted for first aid, spills and fire response.
1. If a chemical spill occurs, remove contaminated clothing immediately. Consult the facilities manager for proper procedures for use, cleanup and disposal of chemicals.
2. MSDS/SDS are maintained and available in each department in accordance with PVCC’s Hazard Communications Policy. (See Section 8 of this manual.)
E. Ladders shall be maintained in good condition at all times. Inspect ladders before use to
make sure they are in good condition. Ladders shall be considered to be defective if there are broken rungs, missing steps or cleats, slippery feet, broken side rails or missing decals.
1. Discard defective ladders; do not give them away or donate them. 2. Display the appropriate decals and safety information prominently on the ladder. 3. Purchase only ladders meeting industrial grade specifications. 4. Use ladders safely in accordance with manufacturers’ recommendations. 5. Make sure the ladder is set on a firm, level base. 6. Set extension ladders against a wall at a one-to-four ratio (the base shall be one foot
from the wall for every four feet of height). 7. Extend straight ladders 36 inches above the parapet or edge of roof when gaining
access to a roof. 8. Allow only one person on a ladder at time. 9. Do not use metal ladders around electrical lines. 10. Do not use ladders for any reason other than the intended purpose. 11. Do not use stepladders longer than 20 feet or single ladders longer than 30 feet.
F. Machinery and equipment shall be guarded from hazards at the point of operation.
Examples of guarding methods include barrier guards, two-handed tripping devices and electronic safety devices.
1. Guards shall be affixed to the machine where possible and secured elsewhere if for any reason attachment to the machine is not possible.
a. The point of operation of machines whose operation exposes employees to injury shall be guarded.
b. Fans whose blades are less than 7 feet off the floor shall be guarded.
2. Employees shall not be allowed to operate a machine until they are thoroughly familiar with the installation, operation and removal of guards. Training shall include identification of hazards associated with each machine.
3. Each department shall conduct periodic inspections of all machine guards to ensure that they are in place and functions properly.
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4. Machines having guards include, without limitation, woodworking machinery, abrasive wheel machinery, mechanical power press machinery, mechanical power tool machinery, and portable power tools.
G. Follow proper lifting procedures as follows:
1. Never attempt to lift or move anything that is too heavy to be moved. 2. Never lift with the back. Keep the load close to the body with the back as straight as
possible. 3. Keep the feet firmly planted. 4. Bend the knees and use the leg muscles for the lifting. 5. Wear a back brace when heavy lifting is a routine part of daily activity. 6. Empty the container prior to lifting or moving equipment that contains liquid
materials. 7. Use an air sled or dolly when moving heavy items even if they are being moved a
short distance.
H. Where engineering controls are not adequate, PVCC shall provide protective clothing and equipment, such as face shields, hair nets, caps, safety glasses or goggles, gloves and other devices as required to protect the employee from injury.
1. Eye protection shall be worn when the duties of the job or the hazards of the environment require their use. Activities which may require eye protection include welding, sawing, drilling and using chemicals.
2. Safety gloves shall be worn when handling and/or uncrating equipment, sheet metal or chemicals or cutting lumber.
3. Sturdy, sensible shoes with heavy, non-skid, slip resistant soles and short laces shall be worn. Steel toed shoes may be required for certain jobs.
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SECTION 6: BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS EXPOSURE CONTROL PLAN 6.1 BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS EXPOSURE CONTROL PLAN - GENERAL
Piedmont Virginia Community College (PVCC) is committed to providing the safest possible work environment for all employees, including faculty, staff, and student employees.
The OSHA/VOSH 1910.1030 Blood Borne Pathogens Standard was issued to reduce the occupational transmission of infections caused by microorganisms sometimes found in human blood and certain other potentially infectious materials. Although a variety of harmful microorganisms may be transmitted through contact with infected human blood, Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) have been shown to be responsible for infecting persons who were exposed in the course of their employment to human blood and certain other body fluids containing these viruses.
This exposure control plan has been established by PVCC to minimize and to prevent, when possible, the exposure of PVCC employees to disease-causing microorganisms transmitted through human blood and to meet the requirements of the OSHA Blood Borne Pathogens Standard.
This plan will be reviewed annually and updated as necessary by the vice president for finance and administrative services with the assistance of the human resources manager and the dean of the division of health and life sciences.
6.2 GENERAL PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
A. Responsibilities
1. The following offices and individuals shall have the responsibility for the effective implementation of PVCC's exposure control plan:
• Office of the vice president for finance & administrative services • Human resources office • Division deans and supervisors • PVCC employees
2. The roles of each of these groups are defined below a. Vice President for Finance and Administrative Services
i. Maintaining overall responsibility for implementing the exposure control plan
ii. Working with the administrators and supervisors to develop and administer any additional policies and practices related to blood borne pathogens
iii. Reviewing and revising the exposure control plan as necessary
iv. Acting as facility liaison during OSHA inspections
b. Human Resources Office
i. Maintaining medical and training records
ii. Administering the Hepatitis B vaccination program
iii. Implementing exposure incident response actions listed in Appendix H
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c. Division Deans
Division deans and supervisors are responsible for exposure control in their
respective areas. They shall work directly with the vice president for finance
and administrative services and PVCC employees to ensure that proper
exposure control procedures are followed. They are also responsible for
assuring that all new employees receive orientation training with respect to
the blood borne pathogens program.
d. Employees PVCC employees have the most important role in PVCC's blood borne
pathogens compliance program because the ultimate execution of much of the exposure control plan rests in their hands. In this role they are responsible for the following activities:
• Knowing what tasks they perform that have occupational exposure;
• Attending the blood borne pathogens training sessions;
• Planning and conducting all operations in accordance with PVCC
policies and procedures and work practice controls;
• Developing good personal hygiene habits.
B. Availability of Bloodborne Pathogens Exposure Control Plan The plan will be made readily available to employees who have the potential for exposure due to the nature of their job duties. Such employees will be briefed on the plan during the new employee orientation. Copies of the plan will be maintained in the Office of the Vice President for Finance and Administrative Services; Human Resources Office; Office of the Vice President for Instruction and Student Services; Division of Math, Science and Human Services; Facilities Department; Nursing Department; Public Safety Office; the Betty Sue Jessup Library, and on the PVCC website.
C. Review and Update of the Plan
The plan shall be reviewed and updated by the vice president for finance and administrative services in coordination with human resources and the dean of the division of health and life sciences as follows:
• Annually, on or before May 30 of each year; • Whenever new or modified tasks and procedures are implemented which
affect occupational exposure of employees; • Whenever any tasks of any position are revised such that new instances of
occupational exposure may occur; • Whenever new functional positions are established at PVCC that may involve
exposure to blood borne pathogens.
6.3 EXPOSURE DETERMINATION
A. General Determination All job categories in which it is reasonable to anticipate that an employee will have skin, eye, mucous membrane or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials (listed below) shall be governed by this plan. Exposure determination is made without regard to the use of personal protective equipment.
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Other Potentially Infectious Materials (OPIM) as defined by OSHA Body fluids: Semen Vaginal secretions Cerebrospinal fluid Pleural fluid Pericardial fluid Peritoneal fluid Amniotic fluid Any body fluid visibly contaminated with blood Saliva Other materials:
Any unfixed tissue or organ (other than intact skin) from a human (living or dead)
HIV/HBV containing cell or tissue cultures, organ cultures and culture medium
Blood, organs or other tissues from experimental animals infected with HIV or HBV Unless they contain blood, OSHA does not list the following body fluids as HIV/HVB transmission sources: urine, feces, mother's milk, vomit, or tears.
B. Job Categories
1. All employees who have the potential of being exposed to blood borne pathogens due to the nature of their employment duties are subject to the exposure control plan. The plan does not include students other than those employed by the college.
The job categories that fall under this plan include, but are not limited to:
Faculty members, instructional assistants, lab managers, and student employees in health sciences, biology and natural science, chemistry, and physical education
Maintenance and housekeeping personnel Public safety officers
Any other faculty member, staff member, or student employee who may be exposed to body fluids as a result of his/her occupational duties.
2. Division deans and supervisors are responsible for identifying their at-risk
positions and informing the human resources office.
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6.4 METHODS OF COMPLIANCE A. Universal Precautions
At PVCC, all blood or other potentially infectious materials (as described in Part II, Exposure Determination) shall be handled as if contaminated by a blood borne pathogen. When circumstances prevail which makes the differentiation between body fluid types difficult or impossible, all body fluids shall be considered potentially infectious materials.
B. Engineering Controls
The following engineering controls are used throughout the college where there is the possibility of exposure to blood borne pathogens.
1. Handwashing facilities that are easily accessible to the areas where there is
the possibility of exposure to blood borne pathogens. Where handwashing facilities are not available, germicidal towelettes or other disinfecting controls will be available.
2. Containers for contaminated sharps that are: Puncture-resistant; leak-proof on the sides and bottom; color-coded or labeled with a biohazard label.
3. Specimen containers that are: Puncture-resistant when necessary; peak-proof; color-coded or labeled with a biohazard label.
4. The college shall use equipment such as sharps disposal containers, ventilating laboratory hoods and biologic safety cabinets as appropriate. Personal protective equipment shall also be used when appropriate.
5. A representative from the safety committee will conduct periodic inspections to identify: Areas where engineering controls are currently used; areas where engineering controls can be updated; areas which are not using engineering controls currently, but where they would be beneficial.
C. Work Practice Controls
In addition to engineering controls, work practice controls shall be used to eliminate or minimize employee exposure to blood borne pathogens. The vice president for finance and administrative services, deans, and supervisors shall ensure that employees have adopted the following work practice controls.
1. Handwashing and Other Hygiene Measures
Employees shall wash their hands thoroughly using soap and water or germicidal towelettes whenever hands become contaminated and as soon as possible after removing gloves or other personal protective equipment.
When other skin areas or mucous membranes come in contact with blood or
other potentially infectious materials, the skin shall be washed with soap and water, and the mucous membrane shall be flushed with water as soon as possible.
Eating, drinking, smoking, applying cosmetics or lip balm and handling
contact lenses are prohibited in work areas where there is a potential for exposure to blood borne pathogens.
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Food and drink shall not be kept in refrigerators, freezers, shelves, cabinets
or on countertops or benchtops where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present.
Mouth pipetting/suctioning of blood or other potentially infectious materials
is prohibited.
Employees shall use practices to minimize splashing, spraying, spattering and generation of droplets during procedures involving blood or other potentially infectious materials.
2. Management of Sharp Objects
Shearing or breaking of contaminated needles is prohibited. Contaminated needles and other contaminated sharp objects shall not be bent, recapped or removed unless:
a. It can be demonstrated that there is no feasible alternative; or b. The action is required by specific medical procedures.
In the above circumstances, recapping or needle removal is accomplished only through the use of a mechanical device or a one-handed technique.
Sharp object containers shall be closable, puncture resistant, labeled with a
biohazard label or color-coded in red, leakproof on the sides and bottom, and maintained upright as long as they are in use. The containers shall be located where they are easily accessible to personnel and as close as is feasible to the immediate area where sharps are used.
Contaminated disposable sharp objects and contaminated broken glass shall
be discarded as soon as possible after use in disposable sharp object containers, sealed and disposed of by cremation or other effective means.
Reusable contaminated sharp objects shall be placed in a reusable sharps
container and will be decontaminated by autoclaving or otherwise properly processed as soon as feasible.
Maintenance and housekeeping personnel will be advised not to handle or
empty sharp object containers. 3. Handling Specimens
Specimens of blood or OPIM shall be placed in a container that prevents leakage during collection, handling, processing, storage, transport or shipping. The container must be closed before being stored, transported or shipped. Containers shall be labeled with a biohazard label if they leave the facility. All specimens at PVCC shall be handled using universal precautions.
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If the outside of the primary specimen container becomes contaminated or
punctured, it shall be placed inside a secondary container which prevents leakage and resists puncture during handling, processing, storage, transport or shipping.
4. Management of Contaminated Equipment
Equipment will be assessed for contamination and decontamination, if possible, before servicing or shipping. Any equipment that has not been fully decontaminated will be labeled as to which parts remain contaminated. The facilities manager will be responsible for assuring that equipment is assessed and decontaminated and the procedure that is to be used.
D. Personal Protective Equipment
Division deans and supervisors will identify and provide personal protective equipment for employees in their respective areas and will inform their respective vice presidents of personal protective equipment needs.
All personal protective equipment will be provided, repaired, cleaned and disposed of by PVCC at no cost to the employees. This equipment includes, but is not limited to:
Gloves Aprons Laboratory Coats Face Shields Masks Eye Protection Mouthpieces Pocket Masks
Employees will wear personal protective equipment when performing procedures in which exposure to the skin, eyes, mouth or other mucous membrane is anticipated.
Employees shall be instructed during their initial training session in the use of appropriate personal protective equipment for their job classifications and tasks or procedures they perform. Additional training shall be provided for new employees if an employee takes a new position or new job functions are added to his/her current position. To determine whether additional training is needed, the employee's previous job classification and tasks shall be compared to those for any new job or function that they shall undertake. Additional training shall be provided by the employee's supervisor.
To ensure that personal protective equipment is used as effectively as possible, employees shall adhere to the following practices:
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All personal protective equipment shall be inspected periodically by supervisors and repaired or replaced as needed;
All garments or equipment penetrated by blood or other potentially infectious
materials shall be removed immediately, or as soon as feasible; All personal protective equipment shall be removed prior to leaving the work area
and will be disposed of or laundered at the facility. Gloves shall be worn when: There is a possibility of hand contact with blood or OPIM; Employees perform vascular access procedures; Handling or touching contaminated items or surfaces. Disposable gloves are replaced as soon as practical after contamination or if they are
torn, punctured or otherwise lose their ability to function as an "exposure barrier." Utility (reusable) gloves shall be decontaminated for reuse unless they are cracked,
peeling, torn or exhibit other signs of deterioration, in which case they will be disposed of properly.
Masks and eye protection of face shields shall be used whenever there is the
possibility of splashes, sprays or droplets of blood or OPIM. Protective clothing shall be worn whenever potential exposure to the body is
anticipated. E. Maintenance and Housekeeping
Maintaining facilities in a clean and sanitary condition is an important component of an effective exposure control program. In addition to the information below, the PVCC Maintenance Plan contains routine procedures which custodial and maintenance personnel are to follow in order to meet this objective on a continual basis. Supervisors are also responsible for assuring that employees maintain the workplace in a clean and sanitary condition.
1. Equipment and working surfaces
Equipment and working surfaces that are contaminated will be cleaned with an appropriate disinfectant:
a. After completing procedures; b. Immediately or as soon as feasible after any spill of blood or other
possible contaminated material; and c. At the end of the work shift if the surface may have become
contaminated since the last cleaning. 2. Special Sharp Object Precautions
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Broken glass which may be contaminated will be cleaned up using mechanical means, such as a brush and dustpan, tongs or forceps.
Employees SHALL NOT pick up sharp objects directly with their hands.
Reusable containers shall not be opened, emptied or cleaned manually or in any other manner which could expose employees to the risk of percutaneous injury. Employees SHALL NOT reach by hand into a container of reusable contaminated sharp objects.
3. Regulated Waste
Regulated waste includes: Liquid or semi-liquid blood or other potentially infectious materials;
Contaminated items that would release blood or other potentially infectious materials in a liquid or semi-liquid state if compressed;
Items that are caked with dried blood or other potentially infectious
materials and are capable of releasing these materials during handling.
These substances will be placed in containers that are closeable, puncture-
resistant, leakproof, if necessary and labeled with the biohazard label or color-coded in red. The containers will be maintained upright and not allowed to overfill.
Waste containers will be disposed of in accordance with the Virginia's
Department of Waste Management's Infectious Waste Management Regulations.
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4. Laundry
Employees who handle contaminated laundry will wear protective gloves and other personal protective equipment. It will be handled as little as possible and will not be sorted or rinsed where it is used.
Employees will not take contaminated laundry home for cleaning.
Contaminated laundry will be cleaned by a contractor as designated by the business office.
6.5 LABELS AND SIGNS
The most obvious warning of possible exposure to blood borne pathogens is the use of labels and signs. PVCC will use biohazard labels (red-orange or fluorescent orange in color with the biohazard symbol and the text "BIOHAZARD" in a contrasting color) where appropriate, and bags and equipment that are color-coded in red.
Warning labels will be attached firmly to containers of regulated waste, refrigerators and freezers containing blood or other potentially infectious materials, and any other containers used to store, transport or ship blood or other potentially infectious materials.
6.6 HEPATITIS B VACCINATION EXPOSURE INCIDENT PROCEDURES
PVCC recognizes that exposure incidents can occur even though all exposure prevention practices are strictly followed. Therefore, the college will implement a Hepatitis B vaccination program, as well as procedures for post-exposure evaluation and follow-up, should exposure to blood borne pathogens occur.
A. Hepatitis B Program
All employees who have been identified as having exposure to blood borne pathogens will be offered the Hepatitis B vaccination series at no cost to them. The vaccination consists of a series of three injections over a six month period. If a routine booster dose of Hepatitis B vaccine is recommended or required, it will also be made available to the identified employees at no cost.
The vaccination will be made available to the appropriate employees after they have attended training on blood borne pathogens and within ten working days of assignment to a job category with exposure.
The vaccination series will not be made available to:
(a) Employees who have previously received the complete Hepatitis B series; (b) Any employee who has demonstrated immunity through antibody
testing; (c) Any employee for whom the vaccine is medically contraindicated.
The human resources office will administer the program and maintain employee vaccination records.
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B. Exposure Incident Procedures
An exposure incident is a specific eye, mouth, other mucous membrane, non-intact skin, or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials resulting from the performance of an employee's duties. A list of the procedures to follow in the case of an exposure incident is provided in Appendix H and is to be posted in all areas where there is the possibility of an exposure incident.
C. Post-Exposure Evaluation and Follow-Up
The division dean or appropriate supervisor shall investigate every exposure incident that occurs at PVCC within 24 hours of the incident and shall report the incident and the results to the vice president for finance and administrative services on the appropriate form (Appendix B). This investigation will include:
The date and time that the incident occurred; Where the incident occurred;
What potentially infectious materials were involved in the incident (blood, amniotic fluid, etc.);
Identification and documentation of the source individual, if possible;
Under what circumstances the incident occurred, including the type of work being performed;
The cause of the incident, whether by accident or an unusual circumstance
such as an equipment malfunction, power outage, etc.; The type of personal protective equipment being used at the time; and The actions taken as a result of the incident.
If the infectivity status of the source individual is unknown, the blood will be tested as soon as feasible after the individual's consent is obtained. If the source individual's blood is available and the individual's consent is not required by law, the blood shall be tested and the results documented. The exposed employee shall be informed of the results of the testing.
The exposed employee's blood will be collected as soon as feasible after consent is obtained and will be tested for HBV and HIV serological status. If the employee does not give consent at the time for HIV serologic testing, the sample shall be preserved for at least 90 days. If, within 90 days of the exposure incident, the employee elects to have the baseline sample tested, such testing shall be done as soon as possible.
The exposed employee shall be offered post-exposure prophylaxis, when medically indicated, as well as counseling and medical evaluation of any reported illnesses.
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Blood collection, testing, post-exposure prophylaxis, counseling and medical evaluation will be provided by a designated healthcare facility within reasonable proximity to the campus where the employee works. These services will be provided under Worker's Compensation.
The following information will be provided to the healthcare professional evaluating an employee after an exposure:
A copy of the blood borne pathogens standard;
A description of the exposed employee's duties as they relate to the exposure incident;
The documentation of the route of exposure and the circumstances under
which the exposure occurred; The results of the source individual's blood testing, if available;
All medical records relevant to the appropriate treatment of the employee, including vaccination status.
The human resources office will obtain and provide the employee with a copy of the evaluating healthcare professional's written opinion within 15 days of the completion of the evaluation. The written opinion will be limited to the following information:
i. The results of the evaluation;
ii. Any medical conditions resulting from exposure to blood of other potential infectious materials which require further evaluation or treatment.
NOTE: All other findings are confidential and shall not be included in the written report.
D. Medical Recordkeeping
The human resources office is responsible for keeping all medical records pertaining to the Blood borne Pathogens Exposure Control Plan. The records include:
Name of employee; Social security number of employee; Employee's Hepatitis B vaccination status;
Copies of the results of examinations, medical testing and follow-up procedures which took place as a result of the employee's exposure to blood borne pathogens.
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The records shall be maintained for the duration of employment plus 30 years. 6.7 EMPLOYEE TRAINING
Employees of the college who are assigned tasks where exposure may occur will receive periodic training as outlined below. Training will also be conducted for new employees as appropriate during their orientation. Additional training will be provided by supervisors whenever there are changes in tasks or procedures which affect an employee's occupational exposure.
The training approach will be tailored to the needs of the employees. Each training session shall include an opportunity for employees to have their questions answered by the trainer. The appropriate dean or supervisor is responsible for scheduling and providing the appropriate training. Training will take place annually and the training records will be housed in the employee’s human resources file.
A. Training Topics
The topics covered in the employee training programs will include, but are not limited to:
An explanation of the Blood borne Pathogens Standard;
The epidemiology, modes of transmission and symptoms of blood borne diseases;
PVCC's Exposure Control Plan;
Procedures which may expose employees to blood or other potentially infectious materials;
Engineering controls and work practice controls to be used at PVCC;
Selection and use of personal protective equipment, including the types available, proper use, location within the facility, removal, handling, decontamination and disposal;
Visual warnings of biohazards, including labels, signs and color-coded
containers;
Information on the Hepatitis B vaccination program, including the benefits and safety of vaccination;
Information on procedures to use in an emergency involving blood or other
potentially infectious materials; The procedures to follow if an exposure incident occurs;
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An explanation of post-exposure evaluation and follow-up procedures; How to inspect equipment for contamination and how to decontaminate it. B. Training Methods
Several training techniques shall be used during the training sessions including, but not limited to:
An interactive classroom atmosphere providing ample opportunity for
employees to ask questions; Videotape programs; Training manuals and employee handouts; Overhead slides. C. Recordkeeping
The human resources office shall document the training process and maintain training records containing the following information:
Dates of the training sessions; Contents or a summary of the training sessions; Names and qualifications of the trainer(s);
Names and positions of attendees. The records will be kept for three years from the date the training took place.
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SECTION 7: CHEMICAL HYGIENE PLAN 7.1 INTRODUCTION
A. Purpose
1. Piedmont Virginia Community College (PVCC) has developed a Chemical Hygiene
Plan in order to explain the policies and procedures related to the safe operation of
the college’s instructional laboratories.
2. The Chemical Hygiene Plan fulfills the requirements described by the U.S.
Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 29 CFR Part
1910.1450, Occupational Exposures to Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories, also
known as the Laboratory Standard. The purpose of the Laboratory Standard is to
protect and employees from the hazards associated with the hazardous materials
used in a laboratory setting.
3. In Virginia, the Occupational Safety and Health Act, 29 CFR 1910, applies to all
private and public employers. The Virginia Department of Labor and Industry had
adopted the Laboratory Standard.
4. The Laboratory Safety Institute’s Model Chemical Hygiene Plan, School and
Community College Edition, written by Brian J. Wazlaw, Ed.D. and edited by James A.
Kaufman, Ph.D., was used with the permission of LSI as a template for the PVCC
Chemical Hygiene Plan.
B. Scope
1. Applications
a. The Chemical Hygiene Plan applies to any use of hazardous materials that fit
the definitions of “laboratory use” and “laboratory scale” as described by the
Laboratory Standard. The OSHA definitions of these terms have been
included below.
i. Laboratory use of hazardous chemicals means handling or use of such
chemicals in which all of the following conditions are met:
(a.) Chemical manipulations are carried out on a “laboratory scale”;
(b.) multiple chemical procedures or chemicals are used;
(c.) The procedures involved are not part of a production process,
nor in any way simulate a production process; and
(d.) “Protective laboratory practices and equipment” are
available and in common use to minimize the potential for
employee exposure to hazardous chemicals.
ii. Laboratory scale means work with substances in which the containers
used for reactions, transfers, and other handling of substances are
designed to be easily and safely manipulated by one person.
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“Laboratory scale” excludes those workplaces whose function is to
produce commercial quantities of materials.
b. The Chemical Hygiene Plan will apply to all instructional laboratory activities
utilizing hazardous materials, namely the Anatomy & Physiology, Biology,
Microbiology, and Chemistry lab.
C. Exclusions
1. Any use of hazardous materials by employees of PVCC that does not meet the
definitions described in Section 1.2.1 Applications is not covered by the Chemical Hygiene Plan and is subject to regulation by 29 CFR 1910.1200 the Hazard Communication Standard.
2. The Laboratory Standard is a regulation developed specifically for the protection of employees. While our students are not officially covered by the Laboratory Standard, many of the policies and procedures detailed in the Chemical Hygiene Plan will apply to our students as well as PVCC employees.
3. All policies and practices relevant to a safe laboratory environment are not required by the Laboratory Standard and are not included in the Chemical Hygiene Plan. Examples include the amount of physical space per student in a laboratory room; electrical safety; or proper behavior in the event of severe weather, non-laboratory related medical emergencies, and other campus safety events. Please consult this Safety Manual, the PVCC Emergency Response Plan, Blood Borne Pathogen Plan, and other relevant documents for topics not covered by the Chemical Hygiene Plan.
7.2 GENERAL PRINCIPLES
A. The Chemical Hygiene Plan provides specific laboratory practices designed to minimize the exposure of employees to hazardous substances. Employees should follow the practices specified in the Chemical Hygiene Plan to minimize their health and safety risks.
B. Given that most laboratory chemicals present some type of hazard, employees will follow
general precautions and hygiene for the handling of all laboratory chemicals. Specific guidelines for some chemicals, such as those found in the appropriate (Material) Safety Data Sheets ((M)SDS)), will also be followed.
C. Employees are cautioned against the underestimation of risk; exposure to hazardous
substances should be minimized. D. The permissible exposure limit (PEL) and threshold limit value (TLV) of a typical chemical
used in the laboratory are available on the (M)SDS for that chemical. Employee exposure to hazardous chemicals should not exceed these limits.
E. The best way to prevent exposure to airborne substances is to prevent their escape into the
laboratory by using hoods or other ventilation devices. These devices should be kept in good working order to provide employees with a safe working area.
F. Employees should not accept a chemical from a supplier unless it is accompanied by the
corresponding (M)SDS or the corresponding (M)SDS is immediately accessible online. All
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(M)SDS should be accessible to employees at all times, and employees should be trained to read and use the information provided on the (M)SDS.
G. An inventory of all chemicals will be maintained and all chemical containers will be
properly labeled as described in sections 7.8.C.1 and 7.8.C.2 of the Chemical Hygiene Plan.
7.3 STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES A. General Rules
1. The design of the laboratory will provide sufficient space for safe work by the maximum
number of persons permitted to be in the laboratory. Exit doors will be clearly
marked and free of obstructions. Clear paths to the exit doors will be maintained to
permit the quick, safe escape from the laboratory in the case of an emergency.
2. The laboratory rooms will only be used by persons with proper qualifications and
training. The number of students assigned to a laboratory section will not exceed
the number of laboratory stations available. Students will not be allowed to work in
laboratory rooms without the supervision of a qualified employee. Employees will
not work in the laboratories unless other employees are in the vicinity and aware
that laboratory work is being done.
3. PVCC employees and students will follow the Chemical Hygiene Plan in order to
minimize their health and safety risks. Employees and students will follow general
precautions for the handling of all laboratory chemicals in order to minimize
chemical exposure. Hazard specific procedures will be followed when appropriate.
4. In order to avoid the underestimation of risk, all PVCC employees will be aware of:
a. The chemical’s hazards, as determined from the (M)SDS and other
appropriate references.
b. Appropriate safeguards for using that chemical, including personal protective
equipment.
c. The location and proper use of emergency equipment.
d. Proper personal hygiene practices.
e. How and where to properly store the chemical when it is not in use.
f. The proper methods of transporting chemicals within the facility.
g. Appropriate procedures for emergencies, including evacuation routes, spill
cleanup procedures and proper waste disposal.
5. Employees will make decisions about which chemicals to use based on the best
available knowledge of each chemical’s particular hazards and the availability of
proper handling facilities and equipment. Whenever possible the use of hazardous
chemicals will be avoided or minimized by either substitution of the chemical,
substitution of the experiment, modification of the experimental procedure, or
elimination of the chemical or experiment. Hazardous chemicals will be used only
when necessary to meet our instructional objectives and no less hazardous
alternative will suffice for the meeting of those objectives. If at any time the risks of
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using a particular chemical outweigh the benefits, the chemical or experiment must
be eliminated.
6. Chemicals will not be accepted into the college without a M(SDS) or without having
a M(SDS) already on file. All M(SDS) will be accessible by the employees at all times
and all employees will be trained to read and understand the information found on
the M(SDS).
7. Textbooks, laboratory manuals, and other instructional materials will often contain
pertinent safety information for a given laboratory activity. These sources will be
viewed as supplemental to the information provided by the M(SDS) and the
Chemical Hygiene Plan. Employees will be familiar with the information described
in 7.3.A.4.
B. Practices and Hygiene
1. Personal Practices and Hygiene
a. Eating, drinking, gum chewing, smoking, the application of cosmetics, the
manipulation of contact lenses, taking/applying medication, or any other
activities that can result in the accidental ingestion, inhalation, or application
of a hazardous chemical to the skin or eyes will not be done in the laboratory.
b. Food, drink, medicine, and other similar products should not be brought into
the chemical storage areas if they are intended for human consumption.
Many of our laboratories use consumable products as part of our instruction;
these items will be considered as laboratory chemicals, labeled “not for
consumption”, and will not be consumed.
c. Responsible behavior will be observed in the laboratories at all times.
Horseplay, running, pranks and the throwing of items are prohibited.
d. Employees will not work in the laboratory or chemical storage areas unless
another employee is in the vicinity and aware of their presence. This
practice will ensure that help will always be nearby in the event of an
accident or emergency.
e. Appropriate attire will be worn at all times when working in the laboratory.
Loose or baggy clothing as well as dangling jewelry or clothing will be
avoided. Long hair will be confined. Full length pants or skirt as well as
shirts that completely cover the torso will be worn. Shoes should cover the
entire foot and possess a hard sole; sandals and open toed shoes are not
permitted in the laboratory.
f. When working with liquids, solutions, or crystalline or powdery solids,
proper safety goggles complying with 29 CFR 1910.132 and 1910.133 will be
worn. Proper safety goggles are goggles that fit or seal to the face and have
indirect ventilation. If there is any possibility of a chemical “splashing” in any
way, safety goggles must be worn. (See section 7.9.B for additional
information.)
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g. Chemicals will only be transported between rooms in closed containers. Hazardous materials will only be transported using appropriate secondary containment, in the form of safety buckets or carts with “walls”.
h. If a chemical comes into contact with your eye, immediately move to the eyewash fountain. Remove any goggles or glasses and rinse your eyes for 15 minutes while holding your eyes open and rolling them to thoroughly rinse the eye. If contacts are being worn, remove the contacts if possible and continue to rinse.
i. If a chemical comes into contact with your clothing or skin, the affected area must immediately be washed for 15 minutes. Washing can be performed at the sink or if necessary using the safety shower. Affected clothing should be removed so that the skin beneath can be washed and to prevent injury if the chemical in question is corrosive or otherwise capable of penetrating the clothing.
j. Hands will be thoroughly washed with soap and water prior to leaving the laboratory room.
2. Laboratory Practices
a. If it is deemed necessary to test the odor of a chemical, the employee or student will hold the container away from their nose and gently “waft” the vapor towards them. Direct inhalation of chemical vapors and the tasting of chemicals is prohibited.
b. Never pipette by mouth. Always pipette using suction bulbs, hand pumps, or pipetters.
c. Do not insert glass tubing directly into rubber stoppers. Insert tubing using a hand saver glass tubing-stopper tool (also called a glass-a-matic hand saver) or lubricate the glass and hold the stopper with a piece of heavy cloth or while wearing heavy gloves.
d. Proper Bunsen burner procedures will be followed. Flames will never be left unattended.
e. In the event of a fire drill or any other evacuation of the laboratory, all Bunsen burners and electrical equipment will be turned off prior to leaving the room. The room will then be evacuated as directed.
f. The glass, metal, and ceramic equipment used in a laboratory does not change appearance at different temperatures. When working with equipment that was hot, or may be hot, the temperature can be determined by bringing your hand close to the object in question, but not touching it.
g. When working with flammable chemicals, be certain that there are no sources of ignition near enough to cause a fire or explosion in the event of a vapor release or liquid spill.
h. Use a tip-resistant shield for protection whenever an explosion or implosion might occur.
3. Student Specific Practices
a. Students will be required to complete laboratory safety training prior to or on the first day of an instructional laboratory class. The students will be required to sign a safety form acknowledging the completion of this training.
b. All students will be required to read all of laboratory directions ahead of time and will follow all verbal and written instructions while in the laboratory.
c. Students will only be allowed to perform authorized experiments.
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d. Students will be required to immediately report all accidents or injuries to
the instructor, no matter how trivial they seem. Basic first aid may be
performed by the instructor but any burns, cuts, accidental ingestion of
chemicals, or inhalation of fumes should be treated by a doctor as soon as
possible. If necessary, the instructor should call for an ambulance and have
the student taken to the hospital. If a chemical was involved in the accident,
copies of the pertinent M(SDS) sheets will be given to the emergency
responders. In the event that an ambulance is required, the PVCC
department of public safety will also be contacted.
e. Students will only be allowed to work in the laboratories or chemical storage
rooms under the direct supervision of a qualified faculty or staff member.
C. Housekeeping
1. General Housekeeping
a. All laboratory rooms will be kept clean and only contain those items
necessary for the current tasks.
b. All wastes will be placed in appropriate, segregated, and properly labeled
receptacles.
c. Sinks will only will only be used to dispose of water and those liquids or
solutions as designed by the appropriate lab manager or chemical hygiene
officer. All other liquids and solutions must be collected in the appropriate
waste container.
d. Chemical waste will not be disposed of by evaporation.
e. Care should be taken when storing and handling glassware to avoid
breakage. In the event of breakage, hand protection will be worn when
picking up broken glass. Smaller glass shards can be picked up using a dust
pan and broom. Broken glass will be disposed of in a marked container for
broken glass and not placed in the trash. Broken glassware contaminated
with chemicals must be treated as hazardous waste.
f. Bench tops will be swept clean and wiped down at the end of the laboratory
activity.
g. Clean up all chemical spills as soon as they occur. The spilled chemical as
well as the materials used to clean it up should be disposed of correctly. Acid
or base spills will be neutralized prior to cleanup. Spill kits are available in
the chemistry lab (K204) and in the biology prep room (K203A).
h. Never block access to emergency equipment, showers, eyewash fountains, or
exits. A clear direct path to all of these places will be maintained.
i. Store chemicals and equipment properly. Chemicals will never be stored in
aisles, on the floor, in stairwells, on desks, on laboratory benches, or in the
fume hood. Glassware will not be stored on the floor.
j. All containers used to store chemicals must be properly labeled with at least
the written name of the chemical, associated hazards, necessary precautions,
and manufacturer. Chemicals will be stored in tightly closed, sturdy, and
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appropriate containers. See section 7.5 Storage and Distribution for
further information.
k. At the end of each work day, all chemical containers will be placed in
designated storage areas and the contents of all unlabeled containers will be
considered waste.
l. If gas was used, turn it off before leaving the laboratory. Water, lights, and if
appropriate, other electrical devices should be turned off as well.
m. Keep all cabinets and drawers closed when not in use to avoid catching and
bumping hazards.
n. Floors will be kept clean of debris and spills.
2. Student Specific Housekeeping
a. Students will only bring the items necessary for the experiment to their lab
stations. This includes the lab instructions, writing implements, calculators,
notebook, and any required textbooks.
b. All other student belongings should be left on the provided storage shelves.
7.4 CHEMICAL PROCUREMENT
A. The procurement of chemicals will be guided by the maxim that less is better. A smaller chemical inventory leads to more efficient and safer storage and fewer hazards in the event of an emergency like a fire. Smaller inventories also lead to lesser disposal costs by the minimization or elimination of outdated and surplus chemicals.
B. It is strongly recommended that chemicals should be ordered in quantities that are likely to
be consumed in one year or in quantities sufficient to a specific declared use. It is recognized that this is not always possible due to available packaging size at the time of purchase and variable student enrollment.
C. Chemicals that have not been used in the last three years should be considered for
elimination from inventory. The older a chemical gets, the more expensive it can be to dispose, the less reliable the chemical itself may be, the greater the possibility of degradation of the packaging, and the more out of date the manufacturer’s label may become.
D. Chemical bottles will not be accepted without a provided M(SDS) or online access to the
M(SDS) from the manufacturer. Chemical bottles without adequate labels will not be accepted. Starting on December 1, 2015, all new chemicals bottles will be labeled with GHS compliant labels and all MSDS will be issued in the new SDS (GHS compliant) format.
E. The proper handling, storage, and disposal of a chemical should be known prior to
receiving it on campus. F. Containers will be marked with the full level and the dates it was received and opened. It is
recognized that PVCC has a considerable inventory of chemical bottles that were not marked in this way. In those cases, the bottles should be backdated using the best available knowledge.
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G. The chemical inventory will be updated each time a chemical is received or a chemical removed.
H. Donated chemicals will only be accepted with approval from the appropriate lab manager
or chemical hygiene officer. It will be established that a donated chemical is in excellent condition, an up to date M(SDS) is be available or provided, and that there is a specific need for the donated chemical.
7.5 STORAGE AND DISTRIBUTION
A. All chemicals should be stored in tightly closed, sturdy, and appropriate containers. The manufacturer’s label will be maintained on all appropriate bottles.
B. If a chemical has been transferred to a secondary container, the new container should be
appropriately labeled. This includes the full chemical name, concentration (if pertinent), hazard information, precautionary information, manufacturer (if appropriate), and date. PVCC has until June 1, 2016 to update our secondary labeling protocols to comply with the GHS standards.
C. Chemicals will be stored according to their reactive nature, or compatibility group. Simple
alphabetical storage will only be permitted inside of these groups. D. Large containers with reactive chemicals, such as acids and bases will only be stored on
lower shelves or in lower cabinets. E. Chemicals should not be stored above the eye level of the shortest person working in the
chemical storage area. Care will be taken to ensure that all employees have access to appropriate stools and that corrosive, toxic, flammable, liquid, solution, or large bottles chemicals will not be stored on higher shelves.
F. The classification system used for the storage of chemicals should be displayed in the
storage area. Chemical storage shelves and cabinets will be appropriately labeled including, if necessary, principle hazards. The purpose of this labeling is not only for the safety of our employees but for the safety of any emergency personnel entering our storage areas in the event of an emergency.
G. Flammable chemicals will be stored as follows.
1. Flammable chemicals shall be stored in approved storage containers and in approved flammable chemical storage cabinets.
2. Combustible packaging materials should not be stored near the flammable chemical storage cabinets.
3. Glass bottles containing flammable liquids (Class 1A or GHS Category 1), shall not exceed 500 mL. Larger volumes of these liquids must be stored in metal or approved plastic containers and not exceed 1 gallon (~4 L) or 2 gallons (~8 L) in the case of safety cans.
4. Household refrigerators will not be used to store flammable chemicals. 5. Refrigerators used to store flammable chemicals shall be labeled and shall be of
explosion proof or of lab safe design.
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6. OSHA standards and NFPA Guidelines or local fire regulations will be consulted on the proper use of flammable chemicals in the laboratory.
H. Compressed gases will be stored as follows.
1. A compressed gas is defined as any material or mixture having in the container either an absolute pressure greater than 275 kPa (40 lb/in2) at 21 °C or an absolute pressure grater that 717 kPa (104 lb/in2) at 54 °C or both, or any flammable liquid having a Reid vapor pressure greater than 276 kPa (40 lb/in2) at 38 °C.
2. Gas cylinder will only be moved from one location to another with the protective cap securely in place. Larger gas cylinders will only be moved short distances by hand; an appropriate transport cart will be used otherwise.
3. Both full and empty cylinders will only be stored where they may be securely restrained by straps, chains, or a suitable stand.
4. A cylinder should be considered empty when there is still a slight positive pressure. 5. Cylinders will be returned to the supplier as soon as possible after having been emptied
or when they are no longer needed. 6. Cylinders should not be exposed to temperatures above 50 °C. 7. Store flammable gases separately from oxidizer gases.
I. All storage areas and labs will be securely locked when not in use. Storage and preparation
areas will be accessible only to authorized personnel. J. Particularly hazardous substances (as described in section7.14) should be stored in a
locked cabinet inside of the locked storage room. 1. In the event that a locked cabinet is not currently available or feasible, the storage room
will be secured against unauthorized access. 2. Chemicals on the DHS COI list or those that would be considered P-listed by the EPA
upon disposal will also be stored securely regardless of whether or not they are considered particularly hazardous
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7.6 WASTE DISPOSAL
A. The chemical hygiene officer will ensure that the disposal of all laboratory waste is in compliance with the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) and EPA waste regulations.
B. The chemical hygiene officer will ensure that drain disposal of laboratory chemicals is in
compliance with all EPA regulations and the rules and regulations of the Rivanna Water and Sewer Authority.
C. PVCC is registered as a Conditionally Exempt Small Quantity Generator (CESQG) of
hazardous waste with the DEQ. As a CESQG, PVCC must generate, over a 30 day period, less than: 1. 100 kg of hazardous waste, 2. 1 kg of acutely hazardous waste, and 3. Have on site no more than 1000 kg of hazardous waste at any given time.
D. Trained employees, principally the chemical hygiene officer and lab managers, will need to
determine which material(s) will need to be treated as hazardous waste in accordance with the above EPA and DEQ regulations (7.6 A).
E. Guidelines for waste minimization:
1. Employees shall minimize the generation of hazardous waste either by the scaling of experiments or the selection of less hazardous materials.
2. Chemicals will be procured in quantities likely to be consumed in 1 year or less. See 7.4 Chemical Procurement.
3. Avoid the inadvertent accumulation of hazardous waste. Potential waste materials are surplus, old, and/or unnecessary chemicals. Prior to ordering new chemicals use existing chemicals.
4. Instruct students on proper chemical hygiene. The amount of hazardous waste generated can be minimized by ensuring that students are placing waste in the appropriate container and by minimizing spills.
F. Guidelines for hazardous waste disposal
1. Flammable, combustible, water-immiscible, or water-soluble toxic substances will not be poured down the drain, with the exception of aqueous ethanol solutions.
2. Treatment of hazardous waste, action taken to render the hazardous waste as non-hazardous, is not permitted with the exception of acid-base neutralization.
3. Disposal of hazardous waste by evaporation is not permitted. 4. Separate waste containers should be provided for the following types of chemicals:
heavy metal compounds, halogenated hydrocarbons, non-halogenated hydrocarbons. Separate containers for solid and solution/liquid waste should also be provided. Chemical compatibility must be considered in determining the segregation of waste bottles; incompatible materials shall not be placed in the same waste bottle.
5. Waste chemicals will be stored in appropriately labeled containers, inside of secondary containment.
6. Hazardous wastes will never be placed in the common solid trash container.
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7. Each waste container will have an up to date list of the materials within that container. When any material is added to the container, the chemical name and the amount of chemical will be recorded on the list.
8. Upon the completion of a laboratory class, the waste containers will be returned to the designated area of the preparation room or a designated secured area of the laboratory room. Waste materials will not be stored in the open laboratory room or in the fume hoods.
9. When the waste containers become full, the containers will be dated and moved to a designated collection area within three days.
10. The chemical hygiene officer will maintain a list of all containers of hazardous waste in the designated collection area including the contents, date, volume, waste mass, and the date the container was removed from campus. This list will be maintained indefinitely.
7.7 SPILLS AND ACCIDENTS
A. Spills
1. In the event of a chemical spill and if the chemical involved is judged to present an immediate hazard (flammability, toxicity, reactivity, corrosivity) to the employees or students, the following actions will be taken: a. An immediate evacuation of the affected room(s) will occur and the area will
be isolated. PVCC department of public safety will be contacted. If warranted, PVCC department of public safety will call 911. The affected area will remain isolated until a HAZMAT team arrives. It may be necessary to evacuate the entire building while waiting for HAZMAT personnel to arrive. These procedures are outlined in detail in the PVCC Emergency Response Plan Section 1.5 Chemical Spills / Gas Leaks / Hazardous Materials.
b. If hazardous vapors are present, the area will be isolated and only persons trained in the use of, and equipped with, respirators will enter the room.
c. All PVCC employees will follow the directions of HAZMAT personnel or other emergency responders.
2. An incident report form (Appendix B), and any other necessary documentation, must be filled out as soon as possible by the employees who witnessed the spill. Incident reports will be required for all spills that require outside service or result in injury.
3. In the event that a volatile, flammable material is spilled, immediately extinguish any flames, turn off all electrical apparatus, and evacuate the area. Consult the (M)SDS for appropriate cleanup procedures. If the quantity exceeds the employee’s ability or training to handle the spill, evacuate the room, contact PVCC department of public safety and follow the procedures described for immediate hazards (see section 7.7 A).
4. In the event of any spill of hazardous material that exceeds the employee’s ability or training to clean up, evacuate the room, contact PVCC department of public safety and follow the procedures described for immediate hazards (see section 7.7 A).
5. If there is no immediate danger from the chemical spill, containment should be accomplished by use of spill pillows, towels, rolls, or other devices that will keep the spill from spreading. Cleanup procedures listed on the M(SDS) will be followed and appropriate protective equipment will be used.
6. A spill kit will be made accessible for each science laboratory. The kit can include: a. Spill control pillows,
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b. Inert absorbents such as vermiculite, clay, sand, or kitty litter, c. Neutralizing agents for acids spills such as sodium carbonate or sodium
hydrogen carbonate (bicarbonate), d. Neutralizing agents for alkali spills such as sodium hydrogen sulfate or citric
acid, e. Quantities of cleanup materials sufficient for the largest anticipated spill. f. Large plastic scoops and other equipment such as brooms, pails, bags, and
dust pans, g. And appropriate PPE.
7. If the spilled material was a hazardous chemical, all of the materials involved in the
cleanup will usually be considered to be hazardous waste and must be disposed of as such.
B. Accidents, Injuries and Exposure
1. Paper (M)SDS for any chemicals used during a laboratory activity will be readily available and will be consulted in the event of an accident involving hazardous materials. Paper copies of the (M)SDS will be made available to any emergency responders, medical personnel, and the victim of the accident.
2. In cases of chemical exposure to the eyes, skin, or clothing of the victim, the following actions will be taken: a. The victim will be moved to the nearest sink, eyewash fountain, or safety
shower (whichever device is most appropriate for cleaning the affected area), and the affected area will be continuously rinsed for 15 minutes. Affected clothing will be removed while washing.
b. Further action will be taken as described by the appropriate (M)SDS. c. If specified by the appropriate (M)SDS; or deemed necessary by the nature of
the injury, hazards associated with the chemical involved, judgment of the supervising faculty or victim, 911 will be called and PVCC department of public safety alerted.
d. In cases where immediate medical attention is not required, the victim will be informed to seek medical attention if any unexplained symptoms develop, an appropriate (M)SDS will be given to the victim, and the victim will be asked to inform their instructor of any injury resulting from the accident.
C. In cases of chemical inhalation, the following actions will be taken:
1. The victim will be immediately moved to fresh air. 2. Further action will be taken as specified by 7.7.B2.
D. In cases of chemical ingestion, the following actions will be taken:
1. Actions will be taken as described by the (M)SDS. 2. Further action will be taken as specified by 7.7.B2.
E. In case of injury not involving chemical exposure, the following actions will be taken:
1. Cuts will be immediately washed and treating using the first aid kits present in the laboratories.
2. Burns will be immediately washed under cool or room temperature water. Avoid using cold water.
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3. In the event that hair or clothing catches on fire, the fire will be immediately smothered using “stop, drop, and roll” or a safety shower. The affected clothing will be removed if feasible.
4. If necessary, 911 will be called and PVCC Public Safety alerted.
F. In the event of any accident, injury, or accidental exposure in a PVCC laboratory or chemical storage room, an incident report form will be filled out as soon as safely possible and the dean of health and life sciences will be notified.
7.8 CONTROL MEASURES
A. Prior Approval 1. Employees must obtain written prior approval to proceed with a laboratory task
from the laboratory safety committee whenever: 1. A new laboratory procedure or test is to be carried out; 2. Experiments that have not been recently performed are going to be
reintroduced; 3. It is likely that over exposure may occur or the potential for other harm is likely; 4. There is a change in a procedure or test, even if it is very similar to prior
practices. “Change in a procedure or test” means: a. A 10% or greater increase in the amount of one or more chemicals used. b. A substitution or deletion of any of the chemicals in a procedure. c. Any change in other conditions under which the procedure is to be
conducted. 5. Any procedure in which one or more of the following conditions exist:
a. There is potential for a rapid increase in temperature or pressure; b. A flammable liquid will be used; c. There is potential for a chemical explosion or spontaneous combustion; d. There is potential for the emission of toxic gases that could produce
concentrations in the air in excess of toxic limits; e. Involves the use of highly toxic substances.
6. Any procedure that when previously used, resulted in one of the following: a. There is a failure of any of the equipment used in the process, especially
of safeguards such as fume hoods or clamped apparatus, b. There are unexpected results. c. Members of the laboratory staff become ill, suspect that they or others
have been exposed, or otherwise suspect a failure of any safeguards. 2. Prior approval from the chemical hygiene officer will be required before chemicals
are distributed to other persons or other areas of the school. Chemicals should not be transferred without the simultaneous transfer of a copy of the appropriate (M)SDS, nor should they be transferred to persons lacking the appropriate training in their use, storage, and disposal.
3. Prior approval from the appropriate lab managers will be required before donated chemicals are accepted by school employees. Donations will only be accepted if it can be established that the chemical is in excellent condition, an appropriate (M)SDS is available, and that there is a specific use for the chemical.
4. Prior approval from the laboratory safety committee and, if necessary, the vice president for finance and administrative services (see 7.13.B) will be required before hazardous chemicals, that are not currently stored on campus, are acquired
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by purchase or donation. Prior approval from the dean of health and life sciences will also be required for the purchase of any highly hazardous chemicals, as described in section 7.5 J.
B. The decision to use a chemical will be based on the best available knowledge of the hazards of the substance, the availability of proper handling facilities and equipment, and must meet the following considerations: i. Use of the chemical is pedagogically sound; ii. Use of the substance is an effective method to illustrate an important process,
property, or concept; iii. Adequate safeguards are in place to assure proper use of the substance; iv. Exposure time of the employees and students to the substance are safely within the
PEL, TLV, or other appropriate exposure limits to the substance. v. No less hazardous substance is known that will fulfill the same educational goals.
C. Administrative Controls
1. Inventory Controls
a. A chemical inventory will be maintained and updated each time a
chemical is received or consumed. The inventory will be audited for
accuracy on an annual basis.
b. The chemical inventory will contain at least the following information
for each chemical found in storage: the chemical name, location, the
date purchased, the amount present, the CAS number, and the
examination date for possible disposal.
c. Each area in which chemicals are stored will have an up-to-date
inventory.
d. A printed copy of the inventory will be kept by the chemical hygiene
officer, dean of health and life sciences, and public safety officer. This
copy will be updated at least annually.
2. Hazard and Identification Labels
a. Labels on incoming containers of chemicals will not be removed or
defaced.
b. Laboratory chemicals will be properly labeled in accordance with OSHA
HazCom standards (29 CFR 1910.1200).
i. If a chemical is stored in its original bottle, it should have the
manufacturer’s original label identifying the contents, hazards,
precautions, date of purchase, date opened, and the initials of the
employee who opened the container.
ii. If a chemical has been transferred to a secondary container, the
new container should be appropriately labeled with the chemical
name, concentration and solvent (if appropriate), and
appropriate GHS hazard statements (if available) or other
appropriate hazard warnings (if GHS information is not
available). Other information that may be appropriate for a
secondary container label includes the chemical formula, CAS#,
GHS precautionary statements, and manufacturer.
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iii. Solutions and mixtures prepared by PVCC employees and stored
overnight or transferred to another PVCC employee will be
labeled as described for secondary containers above.
iv. Labels are not required on containers that do not leave the direct
control of the employee who filled them and are not used for
overnight storage. It is recommended to label these containers
with at least the chemical name.
c. Unlabeled bottles will not be opened, and will be disposed of promptly
as described in section 7.6 Waste Disposal.
3. Signs and Posters
a. Emergency telephone numbers shall be posted in all laboratory and chemical storage areas.
b. Signs shall be used to indicate the location of exits, evacuation routes, safety showers, eye wash stations, fire extinguishers, first aid kits, fume hoods, spill kits, and any other safety equipment.
c. Specific warnings shall be posted at areas or equipment where special or unusual hazards exist.
d. It is highly recommended that posters reinforcing proper laboratory safety are displayed in the laboratory classroom to encourage proper behavior from the students.
4. Material Safety Data Sheets / Safety Data Sheets
a. Each (M)SDS received with incoming shipments of chemicals should be maintained and made readily available to laboratory employees and to students.
b. The (M)SDS for each chemical in the laboratory usually give recommended limits or OSHA - mandated limits, or both, as guidelines to exposure limits. Typical limits are expressed as threshold limit values (TLVs), permissible exposure limits (PELs), or action levels. When such limits are stated, that limit, along with any other information about the hazardous characteristics of the chemical, should be used to set laboratory guidelines. These laboratory guidelines may be used in determining the safety precautions, control measures, and personal protective equipment that apply when working with the toxic chemical.
c. A (M)SDS for each item on the chemical inventory will be available (M)SDS sheets are not required for any chemicals that predate the OSHA Laboratory Standard. (M)SDS can be obtained from the distributers or manufacturers of the chemical in question. Suppliers are required to provide a copy of the (M)SDS the first time a chemical is purchased by a school or institution.
d. Paper copies of the appropriate (M)SDS sheets will be available in any areas in which chemicals are used or stored.
5. Records
a. Chemical Inventory Records
i. An inventory of all chemicals shall be conducted annually and chemical usage determined.
ii. The chemical hygiene officer will retain a copy of the chemical inventory and be responsible to distributing that copy to the
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dean of health and life sciences, public safety officer, and facilities manager.
b. Inspection Records
i. The chemical hygiene officer will be responsible for ensuring completion of all inspections. Inspection reports will be retained by the chemical hygiene officer.
ii. Safety equipment will be tagged to indicated the date and results of the last inspection.
iii. Records indicating the dates of repairs and regular maintenance of safety equipment will be maintained by the individual laboratory managers.
c. Training Records
i. PVCC will maintain records of employee training for at least 30 years. These records will be available to the employees.
ii. These records will be maintained by PVCC human resources in the official personnel file.
d. Incident Reports
i. Incident reports must be completed for any incident (spills, accidental exposure, or injury producing accident).
ii. The incident reports will be retained by the college through the Maxient System.
e. Medical and Exposure Records
i. Records of air concentration monitoring, exposure assessments, medical consultations, and medical examinations must be kept for at least 30 years after the relevant employee ceases employment with PVCC.
ii. These records will be maintained by PVCC Human Resources in the official personnel file.
f. Waste Disposal Records
i. Hazardous waste disposal records will be retained by the chemical hygiene officer.
ii. These records will conform to the requirements of the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality and EPA.
g. (M)SDS
i. A file of (M)SDS will be maintained and made accessible to all employees. Chemicals will not be used by PVCC employees unless they have access to the appropriate (M)SDS.
ii. (M)SDS are considered Medical and Exposure Records by OSHA (29 CFR 1910.1020) and shall be maintained as such.
iii. A designated employee for each area where hazardous materials are stored will be responsible for maintaining (M)SDS records for their area.
iv. The public safety officer will be provided copies of all (M)SDS and will be responsible for maintaining a master file of all (M)SDS.
6. Exposure Monitoring a. If there is reason to believe that exposure levels for a regulated
substance have exceeded the action level or permissible exposure limit
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(PEL), the chemical hygiene officer will ensure that the employee or student exposure to that substance is measured.
b. Factors which may raise the possibility of overexposure and therefore warrant an initial measurement of employee or student exposure include:
i. The manner in which the chemical procedures or operations involving the particular substances are conducted.
ii. The existence of historical monitoring data that shows elevated exposures to the particular substance for similar operations.
iii. The use of a procedure that involves significant quantities or is
performed over an extended period of time. iv. There is reason to believe that an exposure limit may be
exceeded. v. Signs or symptoms of exposure (e.g., skin or eye irritation,
shortness of breath, nausea, or headache) which are experienced by employees or students. It is recognized that these symptoms are very general and can be due to many other causes including emotional stress or hysteria.
c. If the substance in question does not have exposure monitoring or a medical surveillance requirement, exposure monitoring and medical surveillance shall be continued until exposure levels are determined to be below the action level or 50% of the PEL. In the absence of PELs, the ACGIH TLVs should be referenced.
d. If a substance has an exposure monitoring requirement, and if there is reason to believe that exposure levels for that substance routinely exceed the action level or in the absence of the action level, the PEL, the employer shall measure the employee or student exposure to the substance.
e. If the initial monitoring described above discloses employee exposure over the action level or in the absence of an action level, the PEL, the employer shall immediately comply with the exposure monitoring provisions of the relevant standard for that substance.
f. The employer shall, within 15 working days after the receipt of any monitoring results, notify the employee or student of these results in writing either individually or by posting the results in an appropriate location that is accessible to employees.
g. The following substances are regulated by OSHA standards and require monitoring: lead, benzene, 1, 2-dibromo-3-chloropropane, acrylonitrile, ethylene oxide, formaldehyde, asbestos, vinyl chloride, and inorganic arsenic.
7.9 SAFETY AND EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT / FACILITIES
A. General Principles 1. Laboratory safety is first and foremost determined by planning and preparation.
Personal protective equipment (PPE), safety equipment, and emergency equipment are intended to aid in the prevention of and protect against accidents. Experiments will be designed to minimize the threat and need for the equipment described in this section.
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2. Employees will be required to be versed in and enforce the use of this equipment.
B. Personal Protective Equipment 1. It is the responsibility of PVCC to provide appropriate PPE to all employees and
students required to handle hazardous materials or work in the laboratory spaces. Each employee will receive a position specific hazard analysis that will detail the equipment necessary for that employee.
2. Protective apparel shall be compatible with the required degree of protection for the substances being handled.
3. Laboratory aprons or coats, appropriate eye protection, and non-permeable gloves are to be considered standard equipment for all PVCC laboratory programs and will be readily available to all associated employees and students.
4. Eye protection when working with chemicals should meet the requirements of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Z87.1-1989R or 2003. Wear goggles such as type G, H, or I at all times. When working with more than 10 mL of a corrosive liquid, also wear a face shield, type N, large enough to protect the chin, neck, and ears, as well as the face. In lieu of a face shield, the work can be performed behind a standing shield, or in a fume hood with the sash down to working level. a. Chemical splash safety goggles will be considered the standard protective
eyewear. Appropriate goggles should fit to the face surrounding the eyes snugly and have indirect ventilation.
b. Any types of safety glasses, even with side shields, are not appropriate protection from chemicals splashes.
5. Any experiment that involves the use of chemicals or glassware that is heated, cooled, pressurized, or evacuated will require the use of appropriate eyewear. Chemical splash safety goggles will be worn when working with any material that could result in a splash (see 7.3.B.f). In cases where the only hazard is due to impact, then safety glasses are sufficient. Appropriate goggles will protect the eye from splashes, dust, impact (i.e. broken glass), and may reduce eye exposure to fumes.
6. Contact lenses are not necessarily prohibited in the laboratory. If contact lenses are permitted, chemical splash goggles will still be worn at all times. The same is true for eye glasses. Neither contact lenses nor eye glasses provide appropriate protection.
7. Full face shields will provide protection to the face and throat. When there is judged to be a greater risk of injury from flying particles or chemical splash, a full face shield should be worn. Goggles will be worn under a face shield for optimal protection. Alternatively a standing shield or hood sash may be employed instead of a full face shield.
8. When working with pressurized systems that could explode or evacuated systems that could implode, a full face shield or standing shield will be used. Goggles will also be worn. It may be appropriate to use both a face shield and standing shield.
9. The use of face shields or standing shields may also be appropriate when working with corrosive liquids.
10. When working with corrosive, allergenic, sensitizing, or toxic chemicals wear gloves made of a material known to be resistant to permeation by the chemical(s) in question. No one glove is appropriate for every material; the M(SDS) can be consulted for information regarding the proper type of glove to be used. Gloves can be tested for pinholes by air inflation (do not inflate by mouth).
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11. Lab coats and aprons offer additional protection from spills and splashes. They should be easy to remove, made from natural fibers, and be fire resistant. Always wear a lab coat or apron when working with hazardous materials.
12. When exposure by inhalation is likely to exceed the threshold limits (TLV or PEL) described in the (M)SDS, use a hood. PVCC has decided that work requiring individual respirators will not be performed by PVCC employees.
13. Carefully inspect all protective equipment before using. Do not use defective protective equipment.
C. Safety / Emergency Equipment 1. The lab safety committee and facilities manager will ensure that adequate emergency
equipment is available in the laboratory and is inspected at least three times a year (once prior to the start of each session) to ensure that it is functioning properly. All employees working in the laboratory shall be trained in the use of each item.
2. Emergency equipment that should be available include: eyewash stations, multipurpose fire extinguisher, safety shower, telephone, identification signs, first aid kit, and spill kit. The facilities manager is responsible for the inspection of fire extinguishers and the lab safety committee is responsible for all of the other items listed here.
3. Multipurpose, or ABC, fire extinguishers will be available in all laboratories. ABC fire extinguishers can be used on all fires except for class D, or flammable metal, fires. Extinguishers will be visually checked monthly and inspected and tested annually.
4. Every eye wash station will be capable of supplying a continuous flow of aerated, tepid, potable water to both eyes for at least 15 minutes. The valve should be able to remain in the open position without the need to hold the valve (ANSIZ358.1-1990). Eye wash stations should be located so that they can be accessible within 10 seconds of an accident (ANSIZ358.1-1998).
5. Safety showers should be capable of supplying a continuous flow of tepid, potable water for at least 15 minutes. The shower should have a quick-opening valve requiring manual closing (ANSIZ358.1-1990).
6. Safety equipment will be tagged with the following inspection showing the date, inspector, and results of the inspection.
7. Laboratories in which hazardous substances are used will have spill control kits tailored to deal with the potential risks associated with the materials being used. If there is no immediate danger to students or employees, containment should be accomplished by spill pillows, towels, rolls, inert absorbents, neutralizing agents, or other appropriate devices.
8. Each store room shall be equipped with a heat sensor and smoke alarm.
7.10 FACILITIES
A. Fume Hood
1. Laboratory fume hoods are a component in protecting students and employees from exposure to hazardous chemicals. A standard fume hood is a fire and chemical resistant enclosure with one opening (face) in the front with a movable window (sash) allowing the user access into the interior. Large volumes of air are drawn through the face and out the top to contain and remove contaminants from the laboratory.
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2. Fume hoods are not meant for either storage or disposal of chemicals. If a hood must be used for storage, it shall not be used for laboratory experiments or the transfer of chemicals; it may only be used for storage.
3. Laboratory activities that may release airborne contaminants above the Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) or Thresholds Limit Value (TLV) concentrations must be carried out in the fume hood. Also if laboratory activities produce potentially hazardous vapors or gaseous substances, the laboratory activities should be conducted in the fume hood.
4. For most applications, a face velocity of 80 to 100 feet per minute is recommended. 5. Fume hoods shall be positioned in the laboratory so that air currents do not draw
fumes from the hood into the room. 6. The exhaust stack from a fume hood shall be in a vertical-up direction at a minimum
of 10 feet above the adjacent roof line and so located with respect to openings and air intact of the laboratory or adjacent buildings to avoid reentry of the exhaust into the building (ANSI/AIHA Z9.5-1992).
7. Fume hoods or other local ventilation devices shall be used when working with any appreciably volatile substance with a TLV of less than 50 ppm.
8. All biosafety and laboratory fume hoods shall be inspected and certified annually by qualified personnel. Any hood not passing inspection must be taken out of service immediately and not be used until such time as the hood has passed inspection. It is the responsibility of the employer to purchase the parts and replace the unit in a timely fashion so as not to endanger the health and well-being of the employee or place the facility at risk. The facilities manager is responsible for maintaining the fume hoods.
9. Fume hood air velocity should be tested once a month by the lab managers. Inspection records will be maintained by the lab managers.
B. Ventilation
1. General laboratory ventilation shall be relied on for protection from exposure to hazardous chemicals. A rate of 4 – 12 room air exchanges per hour shall be the accepted standard when local exhaust systems, such as hoods, are used as the primary methods of control.
2. Laboratory airflow shall not be turbulent and should flow continuously throughout the laboratory.
3. Any alteration of the ventilation system should be made only if thorough testing indicates that employee and student protection from airborne toxic substances will continue to be adequate.
4. Exhaust from the fume hoods should be vented directly to the outside.
C. Flammable Liquid Storage
1. Chemicals with a flash point below 93.3 °C (200 °F) will be considered “fire hazard chemicals”. Any chemical whose (M)SDS or label states “Flammable” is in this category.
2. Fire hazard chemicals in excess of 500 mL must be stored in a flammable solvent storage area, safety cans, or in storage cabinets or refrigerators specifically designed for storing flammable materials. Large quantities of flammable chemicals stored outside of flammable storage cabinets or refrigerators will be stored in flame-proof storage cans which conform to NFPA guidelines. NFPA 30, Flammable and
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Combustible Liquids code, NPFA 45, Fire Protection for Laboratories Using Chemicals, and/or the applicable local fire codes will be followed.
3. When transferring significant quantities of flammable liquids from one container to another, it is particularly important that they be properly grounded to prevent accidental ignition of flammable vapors and liquids from static electricity or other sources of ignition.
D. Electrical 1. All electrical outlets will have a grounding connection capable of accommodating a
three prong plug. 2. All laboratories should have readily accessible circuit breakers. Employees should
know how to cut-off electricity to the laboratory in the case of an emergency. 3. Laboratory lighting should be on a separate circuit from electrical outlets. 4. All electrical outlets should be checked for continuity after initial occupancy or
whenever electrical maintenance or changes occur. 5. If electrical equipment shows evidence of undue heating, it should be immediately
unplugged. 6. Install ground-fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs) as required by code to protect users
from electrical shock, particularly if an electrical device is hand held during a laboratory operation.
7.11 TRAINING AND INFORMATION
A. Training for Employees
1. The employer will provide all laboratory employees with information and training concerning the hazards of chemicals used in their work area.
2. Information and training will be provided by the laboratory safety committee when an employee is initially assigned to a laboratory where hazardous chemicals are present and also prior to assignments involving new hazards chemicals and/or new laboratory work procedures. Refresher training will be provided annually.
3. The purpose of the employee training and information program is to ensure that all individuals at risk are adequately informed about: the physical and health hazards associated with the chemicals present in the laboratory, the proper procedures to minimize risk of exposure, and the proper response to accidents.
4. The laboratory safety committee shall provide training opportunities for all individuals at risk. This training should be provided to all employees who work in the laboratory as well as to any employees whose assignments may require them to enter a laboratory where exposure to hazardous chemicals might occur. Employees who are responsible for receiving and handling shipments of new chemicals and chemical wastes shall also be informed of the potential hazards and appropriate protective measures for chemicals they may receive.
5. Employees are informed of: a. The content and requirements of the Laboratory Standard (29 CFR
1910.1450); b. The content, location, and availability of the chemical hygiene plan; c. The PELs, TLVs, action levels, and other recommended exposure limits for
OSHA regulated substances and other hazardous chemicals used in PVCC’s laboratories;
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d. Signs and symptoms associated with exposures to the hazardous chemicals used in the laboratory;
e. The location and availability of (M)SDS and other reference materials; f. The location and availability of PPE, safety equipment, and emergency
equipment; g. The responsibilities of PVCC and the employee as they relate to lab safety.
6. Employee training shall include: a. The methods and observations that may be used to detect the presence or
release of a hazardous chemical; b. The hazards associated with the chemicals used in PVCC’s laboratories; c. The measures employees can use to protect themselves from these hazards,
including specific procedures such as appropriate work practices, personal protective equipment to be used, and emergency procedures;
d. Discussion of inventory procedures, proper storage, proper procurement, and proper waste disposal procedures;
e. All applicable sections of the Chemical Hygiene Plan, particularly the standard operating procedures and procedures requiring prior approval;
f. The reading and understanding of (M)SDS; g. Proper labeling, including the GHS, and any other appropriate labeling
system used at PVCC. 7. The scope of an employee’s training should be determined by the nature of their
assigned work in the laboratory.
B. Training for Students 1. All students shall be provided instruction in laboratory safety by their laboratory
instructor before they are allowed engage in any laboratory activity. Students will be required to sign a laboratory safety form to indicate that they have received this instruction. These records will be maintained by the Laboratory Safety Committee.
2. The extent of the student training should be based the laboratory course; laboratory facility; school policies, particularly the Chemical Hygiene Plan; the level of chemical handling; and potential exposure to hazardous chemicals.
3. Safety training should include the content of the label and (M)SDS. If appropriate other safety references should also be included. Time will be devoted to safety instruction on the first day of a lab course, as well as prior to each lab activity.
7.12 MEDICAL CONSULTANTS AND EXAMINATIONS
A. Since PVCC laboratory employees do not regularly handle significant quantities of materials that are either acutely or are chronically toxic, regular medical surveillance is not necessary.
B. In the event that an employee is exposed to levels of hazardous chemical exceeding the
established PEL or TLV, or should the employee exhibit signs or symptoms of such exposure, the employee shall be provided an opportunity to receive an appropriate medical examination from their own physicians.
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C. All medical examinations and consultations shall be performed by or under the direct supervision of a licensed physician and shall be provided without cost to the employee, without loss of pay, at a reasonable time and place.
D. The employer shall provide the following information to the physician conducting the
examination: 1. The identity of the hazardous chemical(s) to which the employee may have been
exposed; 2. A description of the conditions under which the exposure occurred, including
quantitative data if available. 3. A description of the signs and symptoms of exposure that the employee is experiencing; 4. A copy of the (M)SDS for the chemical(s) involved.
E. A written opinion from the examining physician for any consultations or examinations performed under this standard should include: 1. Any recommendation for further medical attention; 2. The results of the medical examination and any associated tests; 3. Any medical condition revealed during the examination which might compromise
employee safety during, or as a result of, exposure to hazardous chemicals found in the workplace;
4. A statement that the employee has been informed by the physician of the results of the consultation or examination and any medical condition that may require further examination or treatment;
5. And a copy of the physicians report to be retained by the employer. 6. The written opinion from the physician should not reveal any specific diagnoses
unrelated to the occupational exposure.
7.13 RESPONSIBILITIES
A. The President
1. As the executive officer of the college, the president has the ultimate responsibility for chemical hygiene within the college. The president should, with other administrators, provide continuing support for college wide chemical hygiene programs, including the development and enforcement of the Chemical Hygiene Plan.
B. The Vice President for Finance and Administrative Services 1. Responsible for the enforcement of all federal, state, and local health, safety, and
environmental regulations and policies including the chemical hygiene plan. 2. Jointly responsible with the vice president for instruction and student services for
the appointment of the chemical hygiene officer. 3. Responsible for final approval regarding requests, previously approved by the
laboratory safety committee, for the use of chemicals identified as explosive, carcinogenic, mutagenic, highly toxic, or otherwise unsuitable for general laboratories.
C. Vice President for Instruction and Student Services
1. Jointly responsible with the vice president for finance and administrative services for the appointment of the chemical hygiene officer.
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D. Chemical Hygiene Officer
1. The chemical hygiene officer should be qualified by training and experience to provide technical guidance in the development and implementation of the chemical hygiene plan.
2. The responsibilities of the chemical hygiene officer include: a. The development and implementation of the Chemical Hygiene Plan for the
college, including training, reporting, and other functions; b. Ensuring that inspections in the laboratory are performed when appropriate
and that records of those inspections are maintained; c. Monitoring the disposal of chemicals used in the college’s laboratory
programs; d. Providing technical assistance relevant to the Chemical Hygiene Plan; e. Ensuring that the Chemical Hygiene Plan is reviewed annually and revised as
needed, so that it is always in compliance with current legal requirements; f. Determining the need for personal equipment beyond that specified for
general laboratory use; g. Implementing appropriate training with regard to chemical hygiene for all
college employees whose normal work locations include laboratory areas.
E. PVCC Safety Committee 1. The PVCC safety committee will be responsible for reviewing the Chemical Hygiene
Plan annually.
F. Facilities Manager 1. The facilities manager will be responsible for the maintenance of the laboratory
building, including the maintenance of the ventilation systems and fume hoods. The facilities manager will be responsible for monitoring compliance with the Chemical Hygiene Plan as it applies to the duties of the PVCC maintenance and custodial personnel in the laboratory and chemical storage rooms at PVCC.
G. Division Academic Dean 1. The dean is responsible for the chemical hygiene programs within the division. The
dean shall monitor compliance with the Chemical Hygiene Plan. The dean is also responsible for enforcement of all federal, state, and local health, safety, and environmental regulations and policies as applicable to their department.
H. Lab Managers 1. Each designated lab manager is responsible for compliance with the Chemical
Hygiene Plan within their respective laboratories. 2. Lab managers will serve on the lab safety committee. 3. The responsibilities of the lab managers will include:
a. Maintaining the inventory and current (M)SDS for their respective laboratories,
b. Conducting safety inspections of the fume hoods, safety equipment, and laboratory spaces,
c. Maintaining records of those inspections.
I. Lab Safety Committee
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1. The lab safety committee will be comprised of the chemical hygiene officer, lab managers, and a lab faculty member from a discipline with activities following under the responsibilities of this plan. The faculty member will serve the committee for two year.
2. The responsibilities of the committee will include: a. Assisting the chemical hygiene officer with the development and
implementation of the chemical hygiene plan for the college; b. Working with administrators, faculty, and staff to develop and implement
safety programs; c. Monitoring the procurement and use of chemicals in the college’s laboratory
programs; d. Making decisions regarding requests to use chemicals identified as explosive,
carcinogenic, mutagenic, highly toxic, or otherwise unsuitable for general laboratories. These decisions are then sent to the vice president for finance and administrative services for final approval.
e. Ensuring that employees have received the appropriate training. f. Ensuring that employees have access to the Chemical Hygiene Plan, (M)SDS,
and other suitable reference materials.
J. College Employees All college employees, who normally work in laboratories using or generating hazardous materials, are responsible for: participating in training programs provided by the college; maintaining an awareness of health and safety hazards; planning and conducting each operation in accordance with the colleges Chemical Hygiene Plan; consulting reference materials, including (M)SDS, related to chemical safety when appropriate; using and modeling good personal chemical hygiene habits; reporting accidents, injuries, unsafe practices, and unsafe conditions.
K. Students
Only students who are enrolled in courses or employed to assist with instruction or preparation of courses assigned to laboratories using/generating hazardous materials are permitted in said laboratories. These students will receive laboratory safety training prior to exposure to hazardous materials. They should report accidents and maintain an awareness of health and safety hazards. Students should conduct all activities according to the procedures in the Chemical Hygiene Plan.
7.14 STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES FOR PARTICULARLY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES
A. Control measures designed to reduce the exposure of employees and students to particularly hazardous substances. Employees should read and understand these practices before commencing a procedure involving the use of particularly hazardous substances.
B. OSHA classifies particularly hazardous substances as highly toxic chemicals, reproductive
toxins, and select carcinogens. Additionally, highly flammable, highly corrosive, highly reactive, and contact hazard materials will be considered particularly hazardous.
C. The use of particularly hazardous substances requires the approval of the lab safety
committee and vice president for finance and administrative services
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D. The use of particularly hazardous substances will only occur in designated areas and fume
hoods and will require the removal of contaminated waste and the decontamination of contaminated areas.
E. All laboratory procedures must contain a written description of specific safety practices incorporating the applicable precautions described in this section. Employees should read and understand these practices before commencing a procedure.
F. If it is determined that a particularly hazardous substance is no longer needed for normal
laboratory operations, that substance will be labeled as hazardous waste immediately, and disposed of with the next hazardous waste pickup.
G. The definitions for particularly hazardous substances listed below do not yet include the
GHS classifications; the GHS classifications are a valid way to determine whether or not a chemical is particularly hazardous. This section will be updated to reflect GHS classification before June 1, 2016.
H. Procedures for Highly Toxic Chemicals
1. The MSDS/SDSs for many of the chemicals used in the laboratory will state recommended limits, OSHA-mandated limits, or both as guidelines for exposure. Typical limits are threshold limit values (TLV), permissible exposure limits (PEL), and action levels. When such limits are stated they will be used to assist the chemical hygiene officer in determining the safety precautions, control measures, and safety apparel that apply when working with toxic chemicals.
2. Any chemical with a PEL or TLV value less than 50 ppm or 100 mg/m3 will be considered highly toxic and will be used in an operating fume hood, or other appropriate device equipped with an appropriate trap. If appropriate equipment is not available no work involving that chemical will be performed.
3. If a TLV, PEL, or comparable value is not available for that substance, the animal or human median inhalation lethal concentration information, LC50 will be assessed. If that value is less than 200 ppm or 2000 mg/m2 (when administered continuously for one hour or less), then the chemical must be used in an operating fume hood, glove box, vacuum line, or similar device which is equipped with appropriate traps and/or scrubbers. If none are available, no work should be performed using that chemical.
4. Whenever laboratory handling of toxic substances with moderate or greater vapor pressures will be likely to exceed air concentration limits, laboratory work with such liquids and solids will be conducted in an operating fume hood, glove box, vacuum line, or similar device which is equipped with appropriate traps and/or scrubbers. If none are available, no work should be performed using that chemical.
I. Procedures for Highly Flammable Chemicals 1. In general, the flammability of a chemical is determined by its flash point, the lowest
temperature at which an ignition source can cause the chemical to ignite momentarily under certain controlled conditions.
2. Chemicals with a flash point below 200 °F (93.3 °C) will be considered “fire-hazard chemicals”, while those with a flashpoint below 73 °C and a boiling point below 100 °C will be considered as highly flammable.
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3. OSHA standards and the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) guidelines on when a chemical is considered flammable apply to the use of flammable chemicals in the laboratory. In all work with fire-hazard chemicals, follow the requirements of 29 CFR, subparts H and L; NFPA Manual 30, “Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code”; and NFPA Manual 45, “Fire Protection for Laboratories Using Chemicals”.
4. All fire-hazard chemicals should be stored in a flammable-solvent storage area or in storage cabinets or refrigerators specifically designed for flammable material storage.
5. Fire-hazard chemicals should be used only in vented hoods and away from sources of ignition.
J. Procedures for Highly Reactive Chemicals 1. There are several reliable sources of reactivity information that can be consulted.
a. The bottle labels and (M)SDS should be consulted for any reactivity information that may be included.
b. The most complete and reliable reference of chemical reactivity is found in the current edition of “Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards” by Bretherick, published by Butterworths.
c. Guidelines on which chemicals are reactive can be found in regulations promulgated by the Department of Transportation (DOT) in 49 CFR and by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 40 CFR.
d. Also see NFPA Manual 325M, “Fire Hazard Properties of Flammable Liquids, Gases, Volatile Solids”; Manual 49, “Hazardous Chemicals Data”; and Manual 491M, “Manual of Hazardous Chemical Reactions”.
2. A reactive chemical is one that: a. Is described as such in Bretherick, (M)SDS, or one of the other references in 8.4 A.
b. Is ranked by the NFPA as 3 or 4 for reactivity, c. Is identified by the DOT as an oxidizer, an organic peroxide, or an explosive (Class A, B, or C), d. Fits the EPA definition of reactive in 40 CFR 261.23, e. Fits the OSHA definition of unstable in 29 CFR 1910.1450, or f. Is known or found to be reactive with other substances.
3. Handle reactive chemicals with all proper safety precautions, including segregation in storage and prohibition on mixing even small quantities with other chemicals without prior approval and appropriate personal protection and precautions.
K. Procedures for Highly Corrosive Chemicals and Contact Hazard Chemicals
1. Corrosivity, allergenic, and sensitizer information is sometimes given in manufacturers’ (M)SDS and on labels. Also, guidelines on which chemicals are corrosive can be found in other OSHA standards (29 CFR) and in regulations promulgated by DOT in 49 CFR and the EPA in 40 CFR.
2. A corrosive chemical is one that: a. Fits the OSHA definition of corrosive in Appendix A of 29 CFT 1910.1200, b. Fits the EPA definition of corrosive in 40 CFR 261.22 (has a pH greater than 12
or less than 2.5), or c. Is known or found to be corrosive to living tissue, causing visible destruction, or
irreversible alterations of the tissue at the site of contact. 3. A contact-hazard chemical is an allergen or sensitizer that:
a. Is so identified or described in the (M)SDS or on the label. b. Is so identified or described in the medical or industrial hygiene literature, or
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c. Is known or found to be an allergen or sensitizer. 4. Handle corrosive and contact hazard chemicals with all proper safety precautions,
including wearing both safety goggles and face shield (or in a fume hood), gloves tested for absence of pin holes and known to be resistant to permeation or penetration, and a laboratory apron or laboratory coat.
L. Procedures for Reproductive Toxins/Mutagens
1. A reproductive toxin refers to chemicals which affect reproductive capabilities including chromosomal damage (mutations) and which effect fetuses (teratogenesis).
2. A reproductive toxin is a compound that: a. Is described as such in the (M)SDS or label, or b. Is identified as such by the Oak Ridge Toxicology Information Resource Center
(TIRC), (615) 576-1746. 3. If such chemicals are used,
a. Handle the material in a properly functioning chemical fume hood, b. Wear appropriate gloves and protective apparel to avoid skin contact, c. Wash hands and arms immediately after working with these materials, and d. Store the materials in properly labeled, preferably unbreakable containers, in a
well-ventilated area with controlled access.
M. Procedures for Select Carcinogens
1. Select carcinogen refers to any substance which meets one (1) of the following criteria: a. It is described as such in the (M)SDS or label, b. It is regulated by OSHA as a carcinogen, c. It is listed under the category, “known to be carcinogens”, in the National
Toxicology Program (NTP) Annual Reports on Carcinogens, d. It is listed under Group 1 “carcinogenic to humans” by the International Agency
for Research on Cancer Monograms (IARC), or e. It is listed in either Group 2A or 2B by IARC or under the category “reasonably
anticipated to be carcinogens” and causes statistically significant tumor incident in experimental animals under set criteria of exposure.
2. If such chemicals are used, a. All work with these substances should be conducted in a designated area, such
as a fume hood, glove box, or other laboratory area designated for use of chronically toxic substances. Such areas should be clearly marked with warning and restricted access signs.
b. Procedures resulting in the formation of aerosols or vapors will be performed in a properly operating fume hood.
c. Wear appropriate gloves and protective apparel to avoid skin contact, and any protective clothing will be removed before leaving the designated area and be placed in an appropriately labeled container.
d. Wash hands, arms, and neck immediately after working with these materials, and
e. Store the materials in properly labeled, preferably unbreakable containers, in a well-ventilated area with controlled access.
7.15 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Edited by: Edward S. Funck, Debra Bowling, Jennifer Scott, and Rosalyn Koontz
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The Laboratory Safety Institute’s Model Chemical Hygiene Plan, School and Community College Edition, written by Brian J. Wazlaw, Ed.D. and edited by James A. Kaufman, Ph.D., was used with the permission of LSI as the basis for the PVCC Chemical Hygiene Plan.
7.16 ACRONYMS AND TERMS ACGIH American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists AIHA ANSI CESQG Conditionally Exempt Small Quantity Generator CFR Code of Federal Regulation COI Chemicals of Interest DEQ (Virginia) Department of Environmental Quality DHS (U.S.) Department of Homeland Security EPA (U.S.) Environmental Protection Agency GFCI Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupter GHS Globally Harmonized System HAZMAT Hazardous Material Laboratory Standard 29 CFR 1910.1450 Occupational Exposures to Hazardous
Chemicals in Laboratories Hazard Communication Standard 29 CFR 1910.1200 (M)SDS (Material) Safety Data Sheets NTP National Toxicology Program OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration PEL Permissible Exposure Limit PPE Personal Protective Equipment PVCC Piedmont Virginia Community College TIRC Oak Ridge Toxicology Resource Center TLV Threshold Limit Value
7.17 REFERENCES AND RESOURCES
Wazlaw, Brian J., Kaufmann, James A. ed. Model Chemical Hygiene Plan, Laboratory Safety Institute, Natick, MA, 2014.
Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories; Department of Labor,
Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 29 CFR Part 1910.1450, Federal Register, Washington, DC
Hazard Communication; Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 29
CFR Part 1910.1200, Federal Register, Washington, DC, March 26, 2012 A Guide to The Globally Harmonized system of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS),
United Nations, 2003 Prudent Practices in the Laboratory, Handling and Disposal of Chemicals, National Research
Council, National Academy Press: Washington, DC, 2011.
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NFPA Standard 30, Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code, National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA, 1996
NFPA Standard 45, Fire Protection for Laboratories Using Chemicals, National Fire Protection
Association, Quincy, MA, 1991 American National Standard for Laboratory Ventilation, Z-9.5, American Industrial Hygiene
Association, Fairfax, VA, 1993. Flinn Catalog/Reference Manual 2014, Flinn Scientific, Batavia, IL. Laboratory Waste Management, A Guidebook, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1994. Manual of Safety and Health Hazards in the School Science Laboratory, U.S. Dept. of Health and
Human Services, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, 1984.
SECTION 8: HAZARD COMMUNICATION PROGRAM
8.1 HAZARD COMMUNICATION - GENERAL
A. Scope: This policy applies to the selecting, handling, storing, using, and disposal of all hazardous materials at PVCC from receipt through use; and to all hazardous waste from generation to final disposal.
B. It is the policy of PVCC to manage all hazardous materials and waste in a manner consistent with applicable laws and regulations through the waste management policies contained in this Manual.
C. The purpose of this policy is to protect employees, students and the community from the
effects of exposure to hazardous materials.
D. The safety committee has the authority to establish, support and maintain the procedures necessary to ensure compliance with this program (see Section 3: Safety & Health Organization).
1. The committee has authorization to take immediate corrective action in cases of
eminent risk of exposure to hazardous material. 2. All PVCC employees and students have the right to review and access MSDS/SDS’s,
inventories of chemicals to which they may be exposed, and the Hazard Communication Program.
8.2 PROCEDURES
A. Each department is responsible for ensuring that MSDS/SDS are provided by the manufacturer or distributor for all hazardous substances obtained by their department and for confirming that a copy of all MSDS/SDS has been filed with the procurement office.
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1. MSDS/SDS forms shall be available to all employees and students in their work area.
Each department is responsible for maintaining and updating these files. 2. The facilities manager shall forward any MSDS/SDS received with incoming
shipments to the department in receipt of the shipment and to the procurement office. 3. Master MSDS/SDS files shall be kept in the procurement office and the facilities
office.
B. Labeling Requirements: These labeling requirements apply to all containers of chemicals used at PVCC, as well as to containers of chemicals and hazardous materials being shipped off site. The labeling program shall follow the guidelines in the Chemical Hygiene Plan (Section 7). In addition, the following procedures apply:
1. No unmarked container of chemicals shall be used unless the container is portable
and the chemical is for immediate use and under the control of the person who transfers it from a labeled container. a. Container means any bag, barrel, bottle, box, can, cylinder, drum, reaction vessel,
storage tank, or the like that contains a hazardous chemical. b. Pipes or piping systems, and engines, fuel tanks, or other operating systems in
vehicles, are not considered to be containers for purposes of this policy. c. Immediate use means that the hazardous chemical shall be used only during the
class in which it is transferred.
2. PVCC shall provide a container labeling kit to any employee requesting one. a. Employees shall not remove or deface labels on incoming containers of hazardous
chemicals. b. Labels for containers of hazardous chemicals shall be defaced after use.
3. Label Information for a Single Chemical (Non-Mixture): PVCC shall provide the appropriate hazard rating and chemical compatibility charts required to label containers. The label shall include, without limitation, the following:
a. The personal protective equipment (PPE) required to use or handle the chemical. b. The DOT hazard class i.e., whether the chemical is flammable, toxic, irritating,
corrosive, water reactive, or is an oxidizer. c. The chemical name as reflected on the MSDS/SDS.
4. Label Information for Mixtures: PVCC shall provide the appropriate hazard rating and
chemical data to label containers. The MSDS/SDS of the chemicals used to create the mixture shall be consulted to determine labeling requirements.
a. If a mixture has been tested by an approved laboratory as a whole to determine its
hazardous characteristics, the results of such testing shall be used to determine whether the mixture is hazardous and to provide the appropriate labeling information.
b. If a mixture has not been tested as a whole to determine whether the mixture is a health hazard, the mixture shall be assumed to present the same health hazards as
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do all its components which comprise one percent (by weight or volume) or greater of the mixture. Scientifically, valid data, such as that provided on the MSDS/SDS, shall be used to evaluate the physical hazard potential of the mixture. The chemical hygiene officer shall be consulted to provide any hazard analysis assistance required.
5. Labels are not required on the following:
a. Any pesticide as such term is defined in the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (7 U.S.C. 136 et seq.), when subject to the labeling requirements of that Act and labeling regulations issued under that Act by the Environmental Protection Agency.
b. Any food, food additive, color additive, drug, cosmetic, or medical or veterinary device, including materials intended for use as ingredients in such products (e.g. flavors and fragrances), as such terms are defined in the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 301 et seq.) and regulations issued under that Act, when they are subject to the labeling requirements under that Act by the Food and Drug Administration;
c. Any distilled spirits (beverage alcohols), wine, or malt beverage intended for nonindustrial use, as such terms are defined in the Federal Alcohol Administration Act (27 U.S.C. 201 et seq.) and regulations issued under that Act, when subject to the labeling requirements of that Act and labeling regulations issued under that Act by the Bureau of Alcohol Tobacco, and Firearms.
d. Any consumer product or hazardous substance as those terms are defined in the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2051 et seq.) and Federal Hazardous Substances Act (15 U.S.C. 1261 et seq.) respectively, when subject to a consumer product safety standard or labeling requirement of those Acts, or regulations issued under those Acts by the Consumer Product Safety Commission.
e. Any containers of chemicals and hazardous materials being shipped off site designated as hazardous waste.
C. Each department shall maintain an inventory of all hazardous materials used, handled, or stored in that department. The chemical names on the inventory shall correspond with those in the MSDS/SDS.
1. When a product is no longer in use or a MSDS/SDS is replaced, the old MSDS/SDS
shall be archived and the procurement officer shall be notified. 2. The procurement officer shall supply departments with an annual inventory of the
hazardous materials located in their area. Each department shall check this list against their MSDS/SDS Manual and physical inventory and advise procurement officer of any changes or updates.
D. All hazardous materials shall be stored in accordance with rules for incompatible chemicals as defined in the MSDS/SDS.
1. Hazardous chemicals shall be kept in the laboratories in the smallest containers
practical. Quantities stored shall be kept to a minimum. 2. Flammable chemicals shall be stored in fireproof cabinets that are designated for
these chemicals only.
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3. Compressed gas cylinders shall be stored away from traffic, heat sources and anything flammable. Cylinders shall be fastened and secured in an upright position.
E. All environmental and occupational waste requiring special handling based on local, state
and federal regulations shall be disposed of properly. 1. Infectious waste shall be disposed of as follows:
a. Contained in leak-proof plastic bags. When there are multiple bags, each bag shall
be sealed separately. b. Delivered to the Keats Building, room 203 by the person responsible as soon as
possible. c. The procurement officer shall be notified when infectious waste needs to be
picked up.
2. Sharps shall be collected at the point of generation in puncture resistant sharps containers, and those containers shall be picked up by a qualified, licensed contractor. A manifest of the waste disposal shall be kept by the procurement officer with the invoice file.
3. Any paints or thinners that are identified as hazardous shall be disposed of in 55 gallon drums and shall be removed from campus by a qualified, licensed contractor. A manifest of the removal will be kept by the procurement officer with the invoice file.
F. See Section 6 of this manual for exposure control measures for bloodborne pathogens and for more detailed information concerning handling and disposing of infectious materials.
G. Personal Exposure or Spill Response: PVCC shall ensure that required emergency
materials are available as specified on the MSDS/SDS.
1. PPE as identified on the MSDS/SDS required for each hazardous substance shall be worn.
2. When there is an incident of exposure the employee or student shall follow these guidelines:
a. Follow the recommendation on the MSDS/ SDS.
b. Notify immediate supervisor or department head of incident and, if necessary, human resources shall complete an incident or injury report and record on the OSHA 300 Log.
c. All incidents that require special spill precautions or assistance to clean up shall be reported to PVCC department of public safety.
H. Training: Supervisors and/or department heads shall be responsible for providing
training for each employee and student who regularly comes in contact with hazardous materials. This training shall take place at the time of their assignment and as new hazardous products/substances are introduced. Training requirements shall be reviewed as required.
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1. Following completion of the training program employees and students shall be able to comply with the following: a. Describe the requirements of the Hazard Communication Program. b. Identify the general chemicals and hazardous materials present on campus. c. Recognize the physical and health effects of these chemicals and hazardous
materials. d. Describe steps taken to lessen or prevent exposure to chemicals. e. Understand potential exposure sources and routes of exposure. f. Describe the methods and observation techniques used to determine the
presence or release of hazardous materials in the work area. g. Demonstrate how to read labels and MSDS/SDS to obtain appropriate hazard
information. h. Understand appropriate response procedures, including notification procedures,
should an exposure occur. i. Apply the correct procedure in the transfer and storage of all hazardous
materials in the work environment. j. Locate and use the personal protective equipment within the department. k. Understand how to lessen or prevent exposure to hazardous substances through
usage of control, work practices and personal protective equipment. l. Understand emergency and first aid procedures to follow if employees are
exposed to hazardous substance(s). m. Understand methods and observation techniques used to determine the
presence or release of hazardous substances in their work area. n. Use spill containment procedures within their work environment. o. Demonstrate the use of the correct procedure for disposing of hazardous
material used routinely on the job.
I. Hazardous Non-Routine Tasks: No PVCC employee or student shall be required or allowed to perform tasks for which he or she not fully trained. Prior to beginning work, all such non-routine tasks shall be evaluated and the related hazard(s) shall be assessed and adequate protective measures shall be developed.
J. Informing Contractors: PVCC’s contract representative, who serves as the liaison between the college and the contractor, shall provide information on hazardous substances located on campus that the contractor may come in contact with. 1. The contractor shall be responsible for training their employees.
8.3 DEFINITIONS
A. Hazardous Material: Any substance which, when used as intended in the normal work process, poses a health or safety hazard rating of two or higher to employees or the environment. These include:
1. Any material that is flammable at less than 140 degrees Fahrenheit. 2. Any material that is corrosive (burns skin or eyes on contact.) 3. Any material that is reactive (unstable, explodes, or releases toxic vapors if exposed to
other chemicals, or water).
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4. Those chemicals and hazardous substances identified by the Environment Protection Agency (EPA) regulations.
5. Substances whose allowable concentration in work place air are established or proposed to be established by the American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists.
6. All the substances considered hazardous by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health.
7. Medical and infectious waste.
B. Waste: Any material that is no longer needed and which requires disposal.
8.4 PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
Employees in nursing, facilities, building trades, biology, chemistry, welding, electronics, graphic imaging, and woodworking are aware of the location of their department specific MSDS/SDS.
SECTION 9: JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS PROGRAM 9.1 JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS – GENERAL
A. Preventing workplace injuries is the principle purpose of this program. This program shall provide a basis for identifying existing or potential job hazards (both safety and health), determining personal protective equipment (PPE) requirements and establishing the best means to perform the job to reduce or eliminate these hazards.
1. Piedmont Virginia Community College shall review and update this policy as appropriate.
2. This program shall be maintained by the facilities manager.
9.2 HIGH RISK JOBS & PROGRAMS
A. The following have been identified as High Risk Jobs:
1. Maintenance Mechanic. 2. Ground Maintenance.
B. The following have been identified as High Risk Instructional Programs:
1. Building Trades 2. Construction Management 3. Welding 4. Woodworking
9.3 TRAINING
A. The purpose of the training program is to ensure that employees and students are sufficiently informed about the hazards to which they may be exposed and thus be able to participate actively in their own protection.
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B. The training program shall include a means for adequately evaluating its effectiveness.
This shall be achieved by using combinations of the following:
1. Surveys. 2. Injury and illness statistics. 3. Observation of work practices.
C. Training for employees and students shall consist of both general and specific job
training as follows:
1. Employees shall be given formal training regarding the hazards associated with their jobs and with their equipment. This training shall include information on the varieties of hazards associated with the job, the risk factors causing or contributing to them, and the means of recognizing and reporting suspected hazards.
2. Students shall be given training regarding the hazards associated with their classes and/or their equipment. This training shall include information on recognizing and reporting suspected hazards.
a. Training shall be conducted at the beginning of each semester.
3. New employees shall receive hands-on training prior to being placed on a job. This training program shall include, without limitation, the following:
a. Care, use, and handling techniques pertaining to tools. b. Use of special tools and devices associated with work stations. c. Use of appropriate guards and safety equipment, including PPE. d. Use of proper lifting techniques and devices.
D. Maintenance personnel shall be trained in the prevention and correction of job hazards
through job and work station design and proper maintenance, both in general and as applied to the specific conditions of the facility.
1. Employee training shall include instruction and, where necessary, hands-on training in the following:
a. A description and identification of the hazards associated with particular jobs, tasks, machines, and workstations.
b. Specific safeguards; including how the safeguards provide protection and the hazards for which they are intended.
c. The proper use of safety devices. d. The proper installation, operation, and removal of safety devices. e. Procedures to follow if the device is damaged, missing, or unable to provide
adequate protection. f. Recognition of applicable hazards associated with guarding devices. g. Procedures for removal of a guard from service. h. Personal protective equipment requirements.
E. Refresher training as required to reestablish employee proficiency and introduce new
or revised safe work practices, methods, procedures, and use of PPE shall be provided as appropriate.
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F. PVCC shall certify that training/retraining of employees and students has been
accomplished and is being kept up to date. The certification shall contain each employee's or student’s name and dates of training.
9.4 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)
A. Where work practices and engineering controls do not eliminate all job hazards, employees shall wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE).
B. PPE includes, without limitation, items such as, caps, hair nets, face shields, safety goggles, glasses, hearing protection, and gloves.
1. PPE shall be appropriate for the particular hazard. 2. PPE shall be maintained in good condition. 3. PPE shall be properly stored when not in use, to prevent damage or loss. 4. PPE shall be kept clean, fully functional and sanitary.
C. PPE can present additional safety hazards if not used properly. Supervisors and
instructors shall ensure that employees and students wear appropriate clothing and that PPE is worn so as not create additional hazards.
9.5 TOOL SELECTION, EVALUATION & CONDITION
A. The greatest hazards posed by tools generally result from misuse and/or improper maintenance. Employees shall verify the following when selecting tools:
1. The tool is correct for the type work to be performed. 2. Guards are installed properly and in good condition. 3. Grounding methods are sufficient when working in wet conditions. 4. Potential for injury or damage when using tools which create sparks or heat has
been considered when working around flammable substances. 5. Impact tools such as chisels, wedges, or drift pins do not have mushroomed heads
which can shatter on impact. 6. Wooden handles are not loose or splintered which can result in the heads of tools
flying off. 7. Cutting tools are sharp. 8. The tool is being used on the proper working surface. 9. There is sufficient clearance for tools requiring swinging motions such as hammers,
axes, picks, etc.
9.6 HAZARD PREVENTION & CONTROL
Engineering solutions, where feasible, are the preferred method of control for workplace hazards; therefore, whenever possible, hazards shall be eliminated by redesigning the work station, work methods, or tools to reduce the hazards associated with the demands of the job. The use of PPE shall be a last choice.
9.7 NOTIFICATION OF EMPLOYEES & STUDENTS
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Affected employees and students shall be notified when they are placed in jobs or programs where it is known or suspected that unresolved job hazards exist. These jobs and programs are listed in 9.2 above.
SECTION 10: LOCKOUT/TAGOUT POLICY
10.1 LOCKOUT/TAGOUT POLICY - GENERAL
A. This policy covers the servicing and maintenance of machines and equipment in which the unexpected energization or startup of the machine or equipment, or release of stored energy could cause injury to employees. 1. Equipment located in academic areas is covered by the safety procedures developed
by each department. These procedures are included in Appendix G of this manual.
B. In general, normal operations are not covered by this policy; however, servicing and/or maintenance which takes place during normal operations is covered under the following conditions:
1. If an employee is required to remove or bypass a guard or other safety device. 2. If an employee is required to place any part of his or her body into an area on a
machine or piece of equipment where work is performed or where an associated danger zone exists during a machine operating cycle.
C. Minor tool changes and adjustments, and other minor servicing activities, which take
place during normal operations, are not covered if they are routine, repetitive, and integral to the use of the equipment, provided that the work is performed using alternative measures which provide effective protection.
D. This policy does not apply to work on cord and plug connected electric equipment for
which exposure to the hazards of unexpected energization or startup of the equipment are controlled by the unplugging of the equipment from the energy source and by the plug being under the exclusive control of the employee performing the servicing or maintenance.
E. PVCC shall review and update this policy as appropriate.
1. This policy shall be communicated to all personnel that are affected by it. 2. Administration and enforcement of this policy is the responsibility of the facilities
manager.
10.2 PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION
A. Employees shall use procedures described herein for affixing appropriate lockout/tagout devices to energy isolating devices, and for disabling machines or equipment to prevent unexpected energization, start-up or release of stored energy.
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B. Lockout: If an energy isolating device is capable of being locked out, use an appropriate lockout device, unless it can be demonstrated that tagout device will provide full employee protection.
C. Tagout: If an energy isolating device is not capable of being locked out, use a tagout
system.
D. Future Requirements: Whenever replacement or major repair, renovation or modification of a machine or equipment is performed, and whenever new machines or equipment are installed, energy isolating devices for such machines or equipment shall be designed to accept a lockout device.
10.3 FULL EMPLOYEE PROTECTION
A. When a tagout device is used on an energy isolating device which is capable of being locked out, the tagout device shall be attached at the same location that the lockout device would have been attached.
B. No lockout/tagout is required under the following conditions:
1. The machine or equipment has no potential for stored or residual energy or reaccumulation of stored energy which could endanger employees after shut down.
2. The machine or equipment has a single energy source, which can be readily identified and isolated.
3. The isolation and locking out of the energy source will completely deenergize and deactivate the machine or equipment.
4. The machine or equipment is isolated from the energy source and locked out during servicing or maintenance.
5. The servicing or maintenance does not create hazards for other employees. 10.4 ENERGY CONTROL PROCEDURES
A. The lockout/tagout procedures for each machine and piece of equipment shall outline the scope, purpose, authorization, rules, and techniques to be utilized for the control of hazardous energy, and the means to enforce compliance including, without limitation, the following:
1. A statement of the intended use of the procedure. 2. Procedures for shutting down, isolating, blocking and securing machines or
equipment to control hazardous energy (manufacturer’s recommendations shall be followed whenever possible).
3. Procedures for the placement, removal and transfer of lockout/tagout devices and the person(s) responsible for implementing the procedures.
4. Requirements for testing a machine or piece of equipment in order to verify the effectiveness of lockout/tagout devices and other energy control measures.
B. Lockout/tagout procedures for specific machines and pieces of equipment are included in Appendix E of this manual.
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10.5 PROTECTIVE MATERIALS & HARDWARE
A. Appropriate lockout/tagout devices shall be provided for isolating, securing or blocking of machines or equipment from energy sources based on the individual machine/equipment procedures.
B. Lockout/tagout devices shall be singularly identified, shall be the only devices(s) used for controlling energy, shall not be used for other purposes, and shall comply with the following: 1. Lockout/tagout devices shall be capable of withstanding the environment in which
they will be used for the maximum period of time that exposure is expected. 2. Tagout devices shall be fabricated and printed so that exposure to weather
conditions or wet and damp locations will not cause the tag to deteriorate or the message on the tag to become illegible.
3. Tagout devices shall not deteriorate when used in corrosive environments such as areas where acid and alkali chemicals are handled and stored.
C. Lockout/tagout devices shall be standardized within each facility using at least one of the following criteria: color, shape or size. Additionally, in the case of tagout devices, print and format shall be standardized.
D. Lockout devices shall be substantial enough to prevent their removal without the use of
excessive force or unusual techniques. E. Tagout devices, including their means of attachment, shall be substantial enough to
prevent inadvertent or accidental removal. Means of attachment shall be non-reusable, attachable by hand, self-locking and non-releasable; and shall conform to the general design and basic characteristics of a one-piece, all-environment-tolerant nylon cable tie.
F. Lockout/tagout devices shall indicate the identity of the employee applying the device. G. Tagout devices shall warn against hazardous conditions that may occur if the machine
or equipment is energized and shall include a legend such as the following:
Do Not Start, Do Not Open, Do Not Close, Do Not Energize, Do Not Operate.
10.6 TRAINING
A. PVCC shall provide training to ensure that the purpose and function of the Lockout/Tagout Policy are understood and that the knowledge and skills required for the safe application, usage and removal of the energy controls are acquired by employees. Training shall include the following:
1. Each authorized employee shall receive training in the recognition of applicable
hazardous energy sources, the type and magnitude of the energy available in the workplace, and the methods and means necessary for energy isolation and control.
2. Each affected employee shall be instructed in the purpose and use of the energy control procedure.
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3. All other employees, who work in an area where energy control procedures are utilized, shall be instructed regarding the procedures and the prohibitions related to attempts to restart or reenergize machines or equipment which are locked or tagged out.
B. When tagout systems are used, employees shall be made aware of the following
limitations of tags:
1. Tags are warning devices affixed to energy isolating devices, and do not provide the same physical restraint on those devices that locks do.
2. A tag which is attached to an energy isolating device shall not be removed without authorization of the person responsible for it, and it shall never be bypassed, ignored, or otherwise defeated.
3. Non-legible or missing tags shall be reported to the facilities manager immediately.
C. PVCC shall certify that training of employees has been accomplished and is being kept up to date. The certification shall contain each employee’s name and dates of training.
10.7 APPLICATION OF CONTROL
A. The lockout/tagout procedures shall include the following elements:
1. Lockout/tagout shall be performed only by the authorized employees who are performing the servicing or maintenance.
2. Affected employees shall be notified of the application and removal of lockout/tagout devices. Notification shall be given before the controls are applied, and after they are removed.
3. Before an authorized or affected employee turns off a machine or equipment, the employee shall have knowledge of the type and magnitude of energy involved, the hazards of the energy to be controlled, and the method or means to control the energy.
4. The machine or equipment shall be turned off or shut down using the procedures established for that specific machine or equipment. An orderly shutdown shall be used in order to avoid any additional or increased hazard(s) to employees as a result of the equipment stoppage.
5. All energy isolating devices that are needed to control the energy to the machine or equipment shall be physically located and operated in such a manner as to isolate the machine or equipment from the energy source(s).
B. Lockout Device Application: Lockout devices shall be affixed to each energy isolating
device in a manner that will hold the energy isolating devices in a "safe" or "off" position.
C. Tagout Device Application: Tagout devices shall be affixed in a manner that clearly
indicates that the operation or movement of energy isolating devices from the “safe” or “off” position is prohibited.
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1. Where tagout devices are used with energy isolating devices designed with the capability of being locked, the tag attachment shall be fastened at the same point at which the lock would have been attached.
2. Where a tag cannot be affixed directly to the energy isolating device, the tag shall be located as close as safely possible to the device, in a position that will be immediately obvious to anyone attempting to operate the device.
D. Stored Energy: Following the application of lockout/tagout devices to energy isolating devices, all potentially hazardous stored or residual energy shall be relieved, disconnected or restrained.
1. If there is a possibility of reaccumulation of stored energy to a hazardous level,
verification of isolation shall be continued until the servicing or maintenance is completed, or until the possibility of such accumulation no longer exists.
E. Verification of Isolation: Prior to starting work on machines or equipment that have
been locked out or tagged out, the authorized employee shall verify that isolation and deenergization of the machine or equipment have been accomplished.
10.8 RELEASE FROM LOCKOUT/TAGOUT
A. Before lockout/tagout devices are removed and energy is restored to the machine or piece of equipment, the authorized employee shall verify the following:
1. That nonessential items have been removed from the work area. 2. That the machine or equipment components are operationally intact. 3. That all employees have been safely positioned or removed from the work area.
B. After the lockout/tagout device has been removed and before the machine or piece of
equipment is started, affected employees shall be notified that the lockout/tagout device has been removed.
C. The lockout/tagout device shall be removed from the energy isolating device by the
employee who applied the device.
1. When the authorized employee who applied the lockout/tagout device is not available to remove it, that device may be removed under the direction of the facilities manager.
10.9 TESTING OF MACHINES, EQUIPMENT, OR COMPONENTS
A. In situations that require the lockout/tagout device to be temporarily removed from the energy isolating device so that the machine or equipment can be energized for testing or to position the machine or equipment, the following procedures shall be used:
1. Clear the machine or equipment of tools and materials. 2. Remove employees from the machine or equipment area. 3. Remove the lockout/tagout device as specified in the individual equipment
procedures.
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4. Energize and proceed with testing or positioning. 5. Deenergize all systems and reapply energy control measures in accordance with
equipment procedures and continue the servicing and/or maintenance. 10.10 NON-PVCC PERSONNEL (CONTRACTORS, ETC.)
A. Whenever outside servicing personnel are engaged in activities covered by this policy, PVCC and the contractor shall coordinate with each other regarding their respective lockout/tagout procedures.
B. Each contractor shall ensure that their employees understand and comply with the
restrictions and prohibitions of the contractor’s energy control program.
10.11 GROUP LOCKOUT/TAGOUT
A. When servicing and/or maintenance is performed by a group or team, procedures which afford a level of protection which is equivalent to that provided by an individual lockout/tagout device shall be utilized.
B. Group lockout/tagout devices shall be employed in accordance with the procedures
governing individual devices and with the following requirements:
1. An authorized employee shall be responsible for a set number of employees working under the protection of a group lockout/tagout device.
2. Provision for the authorized employee to ascertain the exposure status of individual group members with regard to the lockout/tagout of the machine or equipment shall be made.
3. When more than one crew or team is involved, an authorized employee shall be responsible for overall job-associated lockout/tagout control and shall coordinate affected work forces and ensure continuity of protection.
4. Each authorized employee shall affix a personal lockout/tagout device to the energy control device when he or she begins work, and shall remove those devices when their work is complete.
10.12 DEFINITIONS
A. Affected Employee: An employee whose job requires him/her to operate or use a machine or equipment on which servicing or maintenance is being performed under lockout or tagout, or whose job requires him/her to work in an area in which such servicing or maintenance is being performed.
B. Authorized Employee: A person who locks out or tags out machines or equipment in
order to perform servicing or maintenance on that machine or equipment. An affected employee becomes an authorized employee when that employee’s duties include performing servicing or maintenance covered under this section.
C. Capable of Being Locked Out: An energy isolating device is capable of being locked out
if it has a hasp or other means of attachment to which, or through which, a lock can be affixed, or it has a locking mechanism built into it. Other energy isolating devices are
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capable of being locked out, if lockout can be achieved without the need to dismantle, rebuild, or replace the energy isolating device or permanently alter its energy control capability.
D. Energized: Connected to an energy source or containing residual or stored energy.
E. Energy Isolating Device: A mechanical device that physically prevents the transmission
or release of energy, including but not limited to the following: 1. A manually operated electrical circuit breaker. 2. A disconnect switch. 3. A manually operated switch by which the conductors of a circuit can be
disconnected from all ungrounded supply conductors, and, in addition, no pole can be operated independently.
4. A line valve; a block; and any similar device used to block or isolate energy. 5. Push buttons, selector switches and other control circuit type devices are not energy
isolating devices.
F. Energy Source: Any source of electrical, mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, chemical, thermal, or other energy.
G. Hot Tap: A procedure used in the repair, maintenance and services activities which
involves welding on a piece of equipment (pipeline, vessel, or tank) under pressure, in order to install connections or appurtenances. It is commonly used to replace or add sections of pipeline without the interruption of service for air, gas, water, steam, and petrochemical distribution systems.
H. Lockout: The placement of a lockout device on an energy isolating device, in accordance with an established procedure, ensuring that the energy isolating device and the equipment being controlled cannot be operated until the lockout device is removed.
I. Lockout Device: A device that utilizes a positive means such as a lock, either key or
combination type, to hold an energy isolating device in a safe position and prevent the energizing of a machine or equipment. Included are blank flanges and bolted slip blinds.
J. Normal Production Operations: The utilization of a machine or equipment to perform
its intended production function. K. Servicing and/or Maintenance: Workplace activities such as constructing, installing,
setting up, adjusting, inspecting, modifying, and maintaining and/or servicing machines or equipment. These activities include lubrication, cleaning or unjamming of machines or equipment and making adjustments or tool changes, where the employee may be exposed to the unexpected energization or startup of the equipment or release of hazardous energy.
L. Setting Up: Any work performed to prepare a machine or equipment to perform its
normal production operation.
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M. Tagout: The placement of a tagout device on an energy isolating device, in accordance with an established procedure, to indicate that the energy isolating device and the equipment being controlled may not be operated until the tagout device is removed.
N. Tagout Device: A prominent warning device, such as a tag and a means of attachment,
which can be securely fastened to an energy isolating device in accordance with an established procedure, to indicate that the energy isolating device and the equipment being controlled may not be operated until the tagout device is removed.
SECTION 11: RESPIRATORY PROTECTION POLICY 11.1 RESPIRATORY PROTECTION POLICY - GENERAL
This Respiratory Protection Policy shall be administered by the facilities manager and shall be reviewed and updated as appropriate.
11.2 POLICY STATEMENT
A. It is the policy of Piedmont Virginia Community College to prevent employee exposure to atmospheric contamination in order to minimize the threat of occupational diseases. This objective shall be accomplished, as far as feasible, by work practices and engineering controls. However, when work practices and engineering controls are not adequate or feasible, or while the engineering controls are being instituted, appropriate respirators shall be used.
1. PVCC shall provide respirators which are suitable for the purpose intended. 2. Employees shall be trained in the proper use of respirators as well as their
limitations. B. Employees shall not be assigned tasks requiring use of respirators unless it has been
determined that they are physically able to perform the task and use the equipment. A physician shall determine what health and physical conditions are pertinent.
1. The respirator user's medical status shall be reviewed on an annual basis.
C. Each task which has the potential for respiratory hazards shall be evaluated to determine worker protection requirements.
11.3 USE OF RESPIRATORY PROTECTION EQUIPMENT
A. Use of respirators shall be required as follows:
1. In regulated areas within the facility. 2. In emergencies. 3. Where engineering and work practice controls are inadequate. 4. Where potential exposure exceeds the permissible limits. 5. During maintenance and repair activities and during brief or intermittent
operations where engineering and work practice controls are not feasible.
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B. In order to ensure that an adequate seal is achieved, the face piece fit shall be checked by the employee each time he or she puts on the respirator.
C. If hair growth or apparel interfere with a satisfactory fit, then hair or clothing shall be altered or removed so as to eliminate interference and allow a satisfactory fit. If a satisfactory fit is still not attained, the employee shall use a positive-pressure respirator such as a powered air-purifying respirator, supplied air respirator, or self-contained breathing apparatus.
D. Full-face respirators having provisions for corrective optical inserts shall be provided
as necessary. These respirators shall be used according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.
11.4 INSPECTION, MAINTENANCE & CARE OF RESPIRATORY EQUIPMENT
A. Routine use respirators shall be inspected before each use and during cleaning in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations.
B. Respirators that fail an inspection or are otherwise found to be defective shall be discarded.
C. Storage of Respirators: Respirators shall be stored so as to protect them from damage,
contamination, dust, sunlight, extreme temperatures, excessive moisture, and damaging chemicals
D. Filter cartridges and canisters shall be used and stored according manufacturer’s recommendations.
11.5 TRAINING
A. Training in the use and care of respiratory protection shall be provided to employees as follows:
1. Before the employee is first assigned duties that require respiratory protection. 2. Before there is a change in assigned duties. 3. Whenever there is a change in operations that present a hazard for which an
employee has not previously been trained. 4. Whenever PVCC has reason to believe that there have been deviations from
established respiratory procedures or that there are inadequacies in the employee's knowledge or use of these procedures.
11.6 RESPIRATORY EQUIPMENT FIT TESTING
A. PVCC shall conduct fit testing prior to an employee using any respirator. The employee shall be fit tested with the same make, model, style, and size of respirator that will be used.
B. PVCC shall maintain a record of each Qualitative Fit Test (QLFT) and Quantitative Fit
Test (QNFT) administered to an employee; including, without limitation, the following:
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1. Date of test. 2. Type of fit test performed. 3. The name or identification of the employee tested. 4. Make, model, style, and size of respirator tested. 5. The pass/fail results for QLFTs or the fit factor and strip chart recording or other
recording of the test results for QNFTs. 6. Fit test records shall be retained until the next fit test is administered.
11.7 MEDICAL EVALUATIONS
A. PVCC shall provide medical evaluations in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.134, Appendix C in order to determine each employee's ability to use a respirator before the employee is fit tested or required to use the respirator in the workplace.
1. PVCC shall discontinue an employee's medical evaluations when the employee is no longer required to use a respirator.
B. PVCC shall identify a Physician or other Licensed Health Care Professional (PLHCP) to perform medical evaluations using the OSHA Respirator Medical Evaluation Questionnaire (see Appendix F) or an initial medical examination that obtains the same information as the medical questionnaire.
C. A follow-up medical examination shall be provided for any employee who gives a
positive response to any of questions 1 through 8 of Part A, Section 2 in the Questionnaire and/or demonstrates the need for a follow-up medical examination. The follow-up medical examination shall include any medical tests, consultations, or diagnostic procedures that the PLHCP deems necessary.
D. PVCC shall provide additional medical evaluations under the following conditions:
1. If an employee reports medical signs or symptoms that are related to his or her ability to use a respirator.
2. If a PLHCP, supervisor, or the respirator program administrator informs the college that an employee needs to be reevaluated.
3. If observations made during fit testing and program evaluation, indicates a need for employee reevaluation.
4. If a change occurs in workplace conditions (e.g., physical work effort, protective clothing, temperature, etc.) that may result in a substantial increase in the physiological burden placed on an employee.
11.8 DEFINITIONS
A. Air-Purifying Respirator: A respirator with an air-purifying filter, cartridge, or canister that removes specific air contaminants by passing ambient air through the air-purifying element.
B. Atmosphere-Supplying Respirator: A respirator that supplies the respirator user with
breathing air from a source independent of the ambient atmosphere, and includes supplied-air respirators (SARs) and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) units.
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C. Canister or Cartridge: A container with a filter, sorbent, or catalyst, or combination of
these items, which removes specific contaminants from the air passed through the container.
D. Demand Respirator: An atmosphere-supplying respirator that admits breathing air to
the face piece only when a negative pressure is created inside the face piece by inhalation.
E. Emergency Situation: Any occurrence such as, but not limited to, equipment failure,
rupture of containers, or failure of control equipment that may or does result in an uncontrolled significant release of an airborne contaminant.
F. Employee Exposure: Exposure to a concentration of an airborne contaminant that
would occur if the employee were not using respiratory protection. G. End-of-Service-Life Indicator (ESLI): A system that warns the respirator user of the
approach of the end of adequate respiratory protection, for example, that the sorbent is approaching saturation or is no longer effective.
H. Escape-Only Respirator: A respirator intended to be used only for emergency exit. I. Filter or Air Purifying Element: A component used in respirators to remove solid or
liquid aerosols from the inspired air. J. Filtering Face Piece (Dust Mask): A negative pressure particulate respirator with a
filter as an integral part of the face piece or with the entire face piece composed of the filtering medium.
K. Fit Factor: A quantitative estimate of the fit of a particular respirator to a specific
individual, and typically estimates the ratio of the concentration of a substance in ambient air to its concentration inside the respirator when worn.
L. Fit Test: The use of a protocol to qualitatively or quantitatively evaluate the fit of a
respirator on an individual. (See also Qualitative fit test QLFT and Quantitative fit test QNFT.)
M. Helmet: A rigid respiratory inlet covering that also provides head protection against
impact and penetration. N. High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) Filter: A filter that is at least 99.97 percent
efficient in removing monodisperse particles of 0.3 micrometers in diameter. The equivalent NIOSH 42 CFR 84 particulate filters are the N100, R100, and P100 filters.
O. Hood: A respiratory inlet covering that completely covers the head and neck and may
also cover portions of the shoulders and torso.
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P. Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH): An atmosphere that poses an immediate threat to life, would cause irreversible adverse health effects, or would impair an individual's ability to escape from a dangerous atmosphere.
Q. Interior Structural Firefighting: The physical activity of fire suppression, rescue or
both, inside of buildings or enclosed structures which are involved in a fire situation beyond the incipient stage. (See 29 CFR 1910.155.)
R. Loose-Fitting Facepiece: A respiratory inlet covering that is designed to form a partial
seal with the face.
S. Negative Pressure Respirator (Tight Fitting): A respirator in which the air pressure inside the facepiece is negative during inhalation with respect to the ambient air pressure outside the respirator.
T. Oxygen Deficient Atmosphere: An atmosphere with an oxygen content below 19.5
percent by volume. U. Physician or Other Licensed Health Care Professional (PLHCP): An individual whose
legally permitted scope of practice (i.e., license, registration, or certification) allows him or her to independently provide, or be delegated the responsibility to provide, some or all of the health care services required by the respiratory protection standard.
V. Positive Pressure Respirator: A respirator in which the pressure inside the respiratory
inlet covering exceeds the ambient air pressure outside the respirator. W. Powered Air-Purifying Respirator (PAPR): An air-purifying respirator that uses a
blower to force the ambient air through air-purifying elements to the inlet covering. X. Pressure Demand Respirator: A positive pressure atmosphere-supplying respirator
that admits breathing air to the facepiece when the positive pressure is reduced inside the facepiece by inhalation.
Y. Qualitative Fit Test (QLFT): A pass/fail fit test to assess the adequacy of respirator fit
that relies on the individual's response to the test agent. Z. Quantitative Fit Test (QNFT): An assessment of the adequacy of respirator fit by
numerically measuring the amount of leakage into the respirator. AA. Respiratory Inlet Covering: That portion of a respirator that forms the protective
barrier between the user's respiratory tract and an air-purifying device or breathing air source, or both. It may be a facepiece, helmet, hood, suit, or a mouthpiece respirator with nose clamp.
BB. Self-contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA): An atmosphere-supplying respirator for
which the breathing air source is designed to be carried by the user. CC. Service Life: The period of time that a respirator, filter or sorbent, or other
respiratory equipment provides adequate protection to the wearer.
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DD. Supplied-Air Respirator (SAR) or Airline Respirator: An atmosphere-supplying
respirator for which the source of breathing air is not designed to be carried by the user.
EE. Tight-Fitting Facepiece: A respiratory inlet covering that forms a complete seal with
the face. FF. User Seal Check: An action conducted by the respirator user to determine if the
respirator is properly seated to the face.
SECTION 12: SLIPS, TRIPS & FALLS SAFETY POLICY 12.1 SLIPS, TRIPS & FALLS - GENERAL
This Slips, Trips, & Falls Safety Policy shall be administered by the facilities manager and shall be reviewed and updated as appropriate.
12.2 HOUSEKEEPING POLICY
A. All offices, work stations, work areas, passageways, storerooms, restrooms, and service rooms shall be kept clean, orderly, sanitary, and free of known hazards.
B. All floors shall be maintained in a clean, orderly and, so far as possible, dry condition. C. Sufficient illumination shall be provided in all areas. Lighting deficiencies shall be
reported to the facilities manager for correction. D. Each employee shall be responsible for maintaining their immediate work area in a
clean and orderly manner, and for notifying the facilities manager of conditions which are beyond their control.
E. Supervisors shall ensure that machines and equipment under their control are properly
maintained. F. All walls shall be painted, and maintained in a clean and orderly manner.
1. Postings shall be confined to bulletin boards and other appropriate areas. G. Emergency exits shall be kept free of obstacles at all times. Any employee who finds an
emergency door blocked shall immediately report the condition to the facilities manager for correction. Exit lights and signs shall be maintained in proper condition at all times, and immediately reported if deficient.
H. Large (more than 1 quart), non-hazardous spills shall be contained and immediately
reported to the facilities manager. 12.3 AISLES AND PASSAGEWAYS
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A. Where mechanical handling equipment, such as tow motors, are used, sufficient safe clearances shall be maintained for aisles at loading docks, through doorways and wherever turns or passage must be made. Aisles and passageways shall be kept clear with no obstruction that could create a hazard across or in the aisles.
B. Permanent aisles and passageways shall be appropriately marked. 12.4 COVERS AND GUARDRAILS
Covers and/or guardrails shall be provided to protect personnel from the hazards of open pits, tanks, vats, ditches, etc.
12.5 GUARDING FLOOR AND WALL OPENINGS & HOLES
A. Stairway floor openings shall be guarded by a standard railing. Railings shall be provided on all exposed sides (except at entrances to stairways).
B. Ladderway floor openings or platforms shall be guarded by a standard railing with
standard toeboards on all exposed sides (except at the entrance to the opening), with the passage through the railing either provided with a gate or offset so that a person cannot walk directly into the opening.
C. Temporary floor openings shall have standard railings, or shall be constantly attended.
12.6 DEFINITIONS
A. Floor Hole: An opening measuring less than 12 inches but more than 1 inch in its least dimension, in any floor, platform, pavement, or yard, through which materials but not persons may fall; such as a belt hole, pipe opening, or slot opening.
B. Floor Opening: An opening measuring 12 inches or more in its least dimension, in any
floor, platform, pavement, or yard through which persons may fall; such as a hatchway, stair or ladder opening, pit, or large manhole. Floor openings occupied by elevators, dumb waiters, conveyors, machinery, or containers are excluded.
C. Handrail: A single bar or pipe supported on brackets from a wall or partition, as on a
stairway or ramp, to furnish persons with a handhold in case of tripping. D. Platform: A working space for persons, elevated above the surrounding floor or
ground; such as a balcony or platform for the operation of machinery and equipment. E. Runway: A passageway for persons, elevated above the surrounding floor or ground
level, such as a footwalk along shafting or a walkway between buildings. F. Standard Railing: A vertical barrier erected along exposed edges of a floor opening, wall
opening, ramp, platform, or runway to prevent falls of persons. G. Standard Strength and Construction: Any construction of railings, covers, or other
guards that meets the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.23.
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H. Stair Railing: A vertical barrier erected along exposed sides of a stairway to prevent
falls of persons. I. Toeboard: A vertical barrier at floor level erected along exposed edges of a floor
opening, wall opening, platform, runway, or ramp to prevent falls of materials. J. Wall Hole: An opening less than 30 inches but more than 1 inch high, of unrestricted
width, in any wall or partition; such as a ventilation hole or drainage scupper. K. Wall Opening: An opening at least 30 inches high and 18 inches wide, in any wall or
partition, through which persons may fall; such as a yard-arm doorway or chute opening.
SECTION 13: HIGH RISK INSTRUCTIONAL PROGRAMS
A. The following policies have been established by Piedmont Virginia Community College to ensure that best practices for high risk instructional programs are identified and implemented. A high risk instructional program is defined as any program that puts students in a learning environment that can cause immediate, grievous, and unique bodily harm. The following programs at PVCC have been identified as high risk:
1. Building Trades 2. Construction Management 3. Welding 4. Woodworking
B. Individual safety procedures for each of these programs are included in Appendix G of this manual.
C. For programs that are conducted at a third-party offsite location, the safety procedures of the third-party must comply with the PVCC safety procedures. Third-party safety procedures are included in Appendix G of this manual.
13.1 SUPERVISION OF STUDENTS IN LABS
A. Instructors of high risk instructional programs shall establish policies for supervision of students in labs. Appropriate supervision of students is necessary to ensure that safe procedures are practiced in order to prevent accidents and to ensure prompt response in case of an accident.
B. If a student needs additional time on equipment to perform work, the instructor shall be present to supervise.
C. If the instructor or lab manager must leave the lab for any reason during class time,
students shall stop working and power down equipment. Any exceptions shall be documented and must have approval from the dean of the program.
13.2 INSTRUCTORS SHALL STAY CURRENT IN THEIR INDUSTRY
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A. Instructors of industrial technology programs are encouraged to stay current with the latest practices and requirements related to safety in their industry. Options available to achieve this goal include, without limitation, the following:
1. Obtain certification through professional organizations, when available. 2. Participate in continuing professional education. 3. Read and study textbooks that are written or endorsed by industry organizations. 4. Maintain a business related to the program the instructor is teaching. 5. Utilize advisory councils for support and information.
13.3 SAFETY IN LABS & CLASSROOMS
A. PVCC shall provide written procedures related to safety in labs and classrooms. Lab safety protocols shall be current and shall be followed by instructors, staff, and students to establish class rules and set expectations.
B. Procedures based on industry standards may not be sufficient. Safety standards promulgated by OSHA and other standards-setting bodies are designed for experienced professionals; therefore, these standards may not be adequate for inexperienced students. For example, while industry standards only require non-flammable clothing while welding, colleges should consider requiring welding smocks or aprons to further protect students. Additionally, industry standards do not forbid welding or machining while alone, but students should not be left unsupervised in the labs.
13.4 PERSONAL PROJECTS IN LABS
A. Work on personal projects in the lab will be allowed when it can be demonstrated that the experience provides a positive learning opportunity for the student, and that the project will allow the student to apply lessons learned in class.
B. Personal projects shall only be allowed if their use provides a learning experience to the entire class and does not benefit one individual person.
C. Instructors shall consider the safety and liability risks prior to allowing students,
instructors, or staff to work on personal projects in labs using state-owned equipment.
D. When personal projects will be unattended (continuous operations, overnight reactions, etc.), the following procedures shall be followed:
1. Supervising faculty shall review work procedures to ensure the safe completion of the operation.
2. Place appropriate signs at all entrances to the lab detailing special precautions for custodial workers, etc.
3. Develop precautions to be used in case of interruption of utility service (loss of water pressure, electricity, etc.) during the unattended operation.
4. The person responsible for the operation shall return to the laboratory at the conclusion of the operation to assist in the dismantling of the apparatus and to remove all signs.
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13.5 SAFETY REQUIREMENTS IN INSTRUCTOR EVALUATION FORMS
PVCC shall incorporate safety components in the annual evaluation of instructors and in student evaluations of instructors. These evaluations shall indicate whether or not the instructors are teaching and practicing current, appropriate safety standards, and if they are receiving current professional training in their field.
13.6 CLASSROOM & LAB RULES OF BEHAVIOR
A. PVCC shall require all students in high risk instructional programs to sign a Code of Conduct which lists rules of behavior for students and indicates that they will follow and practice all safety policies taught in class.
1. The code shall include requirements related to student behavior in general and be consistent with existing college policies.
2. The code shall include sanctions, beginning with intermediate sanctions and progressing to dismissal from a class period, class, or program if warranted. Instructors must be able to enforce such sanctions in order to make the code effective.
3. Students shall be required to sign an Assumption of Risk form on or before the first meeting of the class.
13.7 INSTRUCTORS SHALL BE FAMILIAR WITH EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT
Instructors in high risk instructional programs shall be familiar with emergency equipment used in their labs and shall be proficient in the use of that emergency equipment.
13.8 STUDENTS SHALL PASS A SAFETY TEST PRIOR TO WORKING IN LABS
A. PVCC shall require students in high risk instructional programs to pass safety tests prior to working in labs. If possible, safety tests shall be based on those issued by industry governing bodies or professional organizations.
B. For critical safety questions missed, or when a test is failed, instructors shall either
require re-taking of the test or questions or shall work with the student one-on-one to ensure that the student understands the core concept.
1. If the instructor chooses to work with the student rather than utilize a written re-test, results shall be documented to provide evidence that the student understands the concept.
C. Results of testing and remediation shall be retained by the department.
13.9 UTILIZE ADVISORY COUNCILS TO EXAMINE SAFETY-RELATED TOPICS
A. PVCC shall require active involvement of advisory councils for high risk instructional programs. Advisory councils shall meet at least annually, shall provide input on curriculum, and shall discuss current safety topics seen in the specific industry.
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B. Advisory council membership shall be inclusive to avoid the appearance of a conflict of interest.
13.10 STUDENTS SHALL RECEIVE EMERGENCY TRAINING
A. In order to reduce the likelihood of confusion and panic during extreme situations, PVCC shall require the inclusion of student emergency training and awareness in classes with specific risks of fire, electrocution, or injury.
B. Students shall be trained in the use of fire blankets, fire extinguishers, emergency kill-switches, and other emergency response equipment. Instructors may also include basic first aid and use of an AED if such training is appropriate for a particular class.
13.11 STRESS IMPORTANCE OF SAFETY IN COURSE OUTLINES/SYLLABI
Course outlines/syllabi for all high risk instructional programs shall indicate that safety is part of the student’s grade and shall also indicate where safety standards originate, such as professional organizations and governing bodies.
13.12 INCLUDE A LISTING OF ALL SAFETY EQUIPMENT IN COURSE OUTLINE/SYLLABI
Course outlines/syllabi for high risk instructional programs shall list requirements for the use of safety equipment and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and shall also detail which equipment is required and which equipment is recommended but not required.
13.13 LABS SHALL BE CLEAN AND ORGANIZED AND DISPLAY SAFETY SIGNAGE
A. All labs shall be kept organized, neat, and clean.
B. Appropriate safety signage shall be displayed. 13.14 REQUIRE EQUIPMENT INSPECTIONS
A. Instructors for all high risk instructional programs shall inspect equipment before and during each semester to detect problems and ensure safe use of equipment.
B. Instructors shall follow guidelines for inspections from equipment manufacturers as well as relevant industry standards.
C. Documentation of inspections shall be kept in order to track timing of inspections and
necessary maintenance. 13.15 ENFORCE PRACTICES WRITTEN IN COURSE SYLLABI
Instructors for all high risk instructional programs shall enforce practices written in the syllabi.
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Appendix A: Building Safety Checklist
Building Checklist Date: Building name:
Item Yes No NA Correction
Needed/Responsible
Party
Date of
Correction
Safety items
Are there trip hazards?
Are items stored properly in
containers or on shelves?
Are hazardous substances properly
stored?
Is the MSDS Book prominently
located?
Are fire escape routes posted in
classrooms?
Are fire escape routes clear and
accessible?
Is the Crisis Management Guide
posted in classrooms?
Are fire extinguishers charged and
inspected?
Are sharp objects properly stored?
Maintenance items
Are ceiling tiles wet or damaged?
Are lights in good working
condition?
Is furniture and/or equipment in good
repair?
Are floor tiles in good repair?
Is carpet in good repair?
Misc.
Bathroom Checklist
Date:
Building name:
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Item Yes No NA Correction
Needed/Responsible
Party
Date of
Correction
Is area clean, no mildew, and odor
free?
Are urinals/toilets working, clean, not
broken?
Are soap, towels, toilet paper & seat
covers available?
Are all water faucets working?
Are all lights working?
Are vents clean?
Are the toilet tissue dispensers in
good repair?
Grounds Checklist Date: Building name:
Item Yes No NA Correction
Needed/Responsible
Party
Date of
Correction
Are sidewalks unbroken?
Are the outdoors areas neat and free
of trash on the ground?
Umbrellas/picnic tables & benches
are in good repair?
Ashtrays are in good repair?
Lights are good working condition?
Electrical/Mechanical Checklist Date: Building name:
Item Yes No NA Correction
Needed/Responsible
Party
Date of
Correction
Floor clean and free of clutter?
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Are lights in good working
condition?
Are the log reports up to date?
Are chemicals stored in this room?
Are sinks clean and free of clutter?
Physical Plant Checklist Date: Building name:
Item Yes No NA Correction
Needed/Responsible
Party
Date of
Correction
Are tools in good safe working order?
Are gloves available?
Is hearing protection available?
Is eye & face protection available?
Are dust masks available?
Are hazardous substances properly
stored?
Is the MSDS Book prominently
located?
Are fire extinguishers charged and
inspected?
Are materials stored clear of
sprinklers head?
Are all ladders in good condition?
Is the storeroom orderly?
Are exits and aisles of storeroom
clear at all times?
Are heavy items stored on the lower
shelves?
Are spillage items stored below eye
level?
Are objects that might roll blocked?
Are exit doors clear of objects?
Is food stored separate from other
storage items?
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Appendix B: Incident Reporting Form (Maxient)
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Appendix C: Hepatitis B Vaccine Declination Statement
MANDATORY HEPATITIS B VACCINATION DECLINATION FORM
I understand that due to my occupational exposure to blood or other potentially infectious materials, I may be at risk of acquiring Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. I have been given the opportunity to be vaccinated with Hepatitis B vaccine, at no charge to myself. However, I decline Hepatitis B vaccination at this time. I understand that by declining this vaccine, I continue to be at risk of acquiring Hepatitis B, a serious disease. If in the future I continue to have occupational exposure to blood or other potentially infectious materials and I want to be vaccinated with Hepatitis B vaccine, I can receive the vaccination series at no charge to me.
NAME POSITION DATE WITNESS DATE
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Appendix D: DOT Hazard Classification List,
EPA Hazard Classification List
DOT HAZARD CLASSIFICATION LIST HAZARD CLASSIFICATION EXAMPLE 1. Radioactive material CO-60 or I-130 2. Flammable liquids Alcohol 3. Non-flammable compressed gases Nitrogen 4. Flammable gases Oxygen 5. Oxidizer Nitric acid 6. Corrosive material Hydrocholoric acid 7. Irritating material Lacramator 8. Poison A Heptachlor 9. Poison B Phenol 10. Organic peroxide Benzoyl peroxide 11. ORM-A* Formaldehyde 12. ORM-B* Mercury 13. ORM-D* Bleach 14. ORM-E* Ferric sulfate 15. Etiological agents Microorganisms (E. coli) *ORM = Other Regulated Material
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Appendix E: Lockout/Tagout Procedures for Specific
Equipment
LOCKOUT-TAGOUT PROCEDURE PIEDMONT VIRGINIA COMMUNITY COLLEGE
Created: ___ Machine/Equipment: __________________________
Revised: ________________ Location (s): ________________________________________
Lockout Control Number: ______________ Number of Lockout Points: _____
Sources of Hazards: _________________________________________________
Authorized Employees: _____________________________
Affected Employees: __________________________________________________________________
Notes: ______________________________________________________________________________
Lockout Application Process (process for each lockout point):
Location of Required lockout lockout point: _________ equipment: _________
1. _________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________________
Lockout Removal Process:
1. ____________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________
4. _____________________________________________________________________
5. _______________________________________________
Completed By: ________________
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Appendix F: OSHA Respirator Medical Evaluation
Questionnaire (Mandatory)
To the employer: Answers to questions in Section 1, and to question 9 in Section 2 of Part A, do
not require a medical examination.
To the employee:
Your employer must allow you to answer this questionnaire during normal working hours, or at a
time and place that is convenient to you. To maintain your confidentiality, your employer or
supervisor must not look at or review your answers, and your employer must tell you how to
deliver or send this questionnaire to the health care professional who will review it.
Part A. Section 1. (Mandatory) The following information must be provided by every employee
who has been selected to use any type of respirator (please print).
1. Today's date:_______________________________________________________
2. Your name:__________________________________________________________
3. Your age (to nearest year):_________________________________________
4. Sex (circle one): Male/Female
5. Your height: __________ ft. __________ in.
6. Your weight: ____________ lbs.
7. Your job title:_____________________________________________________
8. A phone number where you can be reached by the health care professional who reviews this
questionnaire (include the Area Code): ____________________
9. The best time to phone you at this number: ________________
10. Has your employer told you how to contact the health care professional who will review this
questionnaire (circle one): Yes/No
11. Check the type of respirator you will use (you can check more than one category):
a. ______ N, R, or P disposable respirator (filter-mask, non-cartridge type only).
b. ______ Other type (for example, half- or full-facepiece type, powered-air purifying, supplied-
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air, self-contained breathing apparatus).
12. Have you worn a respirator (circle one): Yes/No
If "yes," what type(s):___________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Part A. Section 2. (Mandatory) Questions 1 through 9 below must be answered by every
employee who has been selected to use any type of respirator (please circle "yes" or "no").
1. Do you currently smoke tobacco, or have you smoked tobacco in the last month: Yes/No
2. Have you ever had any of the following conditions?
a. Seizures: Yes/No
b. Diabetes (sugar disease): Yes/No
c. Allergic reactions that interfere with your breathing: Yes/No
d. Claustrophobia (fear of closed-in places): Yes/No
e. Trouble smelling odors: Yes/No
3. Have you ever had any of the following pulmonary or lung problems?
a. Asbestosis: Yes/No
b. Asthma: Yes/No
c. Chronic bronchitis: Yes/No
d. Emphysema: Yes/No
e. Pneumonia: Yes/No
f. Tuberculosis: Yes/No
g. Silicosis: Yes/No
h. Pneumothorax (collapsed lung): Yes/No
i. Lung cancer: Yes/No
j. Broken ribs: Yes/No
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k. Any chest injuries or surgeries: Yes/No
l. Any other lung problem that you've been told about: Yes/No
4. Do you currently have any of the following symptoms of pulmonary or lung illness?
a. Shortness of breath: Yes/No
b. Shortness of breath when walking fast on level ground or walking up a slight hill or incline:
Yes/No
c. Shortness of breath when walking with other people at an ordinary pace on level ground:
Yes/No
d. Have to stop for breath when walking at your own pace on level ground: Yes/No
e. Shortness of breath when washing or dressing yourself: Yes/No
f. Shortness of breath that interferes with your job: Yes/No
g. Coughing that produces phlegm (thick sputum): Yes/No
h. Coughing that wakes you early in the morning: Yes/No
i. Coughing that occurs mostly when you are lying down: Yes/No
j. Coughing up blood in the last month: Yes/No
k. Wheezing: Yes/No
l. Wheezing that interferes with your job: Yes/No
m. Chest pain when you breathe deeply: Yes/No
n. Any other symptoms that you think may be related to lung problems: Yes/No
5. Have you ever had any of the following cardiovascular or heart problems?
a. Heart attack: Yes/No
b. Stroke: Yes/No
c. Angina: Yes/No
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d. Heart failure: Yes/No
e. Swelling in your legs or feet (not caused by walking): Yes/No
f. Heart arrhythmia (heart beating irregularly): Yes/No
g. High blood pressure: Yes/No
h. Any other heart problem that you've been told about: Yes/No
6. Have you ever had any of the following cardiovascular or heart symptoms?
a. Frequent pain or tightness in your chest: Yes/No
b. Pain or tightness in your chest during physical activity: Yes/No
c. Pain or tightness in your chest that interferes with your job: Yes/No
d. In the past two years, have you noticed your heart skipping or missing a beat: Yes/No
e. Heartburn or indigestion that is not related to eating: Yes/No
d. Any other symptoms that you think may be related to heart or circulation problems: Yes/No
7. Do you currently take medication for any of the following problems?
a. Breathing or lung problems: Yes/No
b. Heart trouble: Yes/No
c. Blood pressure: Yes/No
d. Seizures: Yes/No
8. If you've used a respirator, have you ever had any of the following problems? (If you've never
used a respirator, check the following space and go to question 9:)
a. Eye irritation: Yes/No
b. Skin allergies or rashes: Yes/No
c. Anxiety: Yes/No
d. General weakness or fatigue: Yes/No
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e. Any other problem that interferes with your use of a respirator: Yes/No
9. Would you like to talk to the health care professional who will review this questionnaire about
your answers to this questionnaire: Yes/No
Questions 10 to 15 below must be answered by every employee who has been selected to use
either a full-facepiece respirator or a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). For employees
who have been selected to use other types of respirators, answering these questions is
voluntary.
10. Have you ever lost vision in either eye (temporarily or permanently): Yes/No
11. Do you currently have any of the following vision problems?
a. Wear contact lenses: Yes/No
b. Wear glasses: Yes/No
c. Color blind: Yes/No
d. Any other eye or vision problem: Yes/No
12. Have you ever had an injury to your ears, including a broken ear drum: Yes/No
13. Do you currently have any of the following hearing problems?
a. Difficulty hearing: Yes/No
b. Wear a hearing aid: Yes/No
c. Any other hearing or ear problem: Yes/No
14. Have you ever had a back injury: Yes/No
15. Do you currently have any of the following musculoskeletal problems?
a. Weakness in any of your arms, hands, legs, or feet: Yes/No
b. Back pain: Yes/No
c. Difficulty fully moving your arms and legs: Yes/No
d. Pain or stiffness when you lean forward or backward at the waist: Yes/No
e. Difficulty fully moving your head up or down: Yes/No
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f. Difficulty fully moving your head side to side: Yes/No
g. Difficulty bending at your knees: Yes/No
h. Difficulty squatting to the ground: Yes/No
i. Climbing a flight of stairs or a ladder carrying more than 25 lbs: Yes/No
j. Any other muscle or skeletal problem that interferes with using a respirator: Yes/No
Part B Any of the following questions, and other questions not listed, may be added to the
questionnaire at the discretion of the health care professional who will review the questionnaire.
1. In your present job, are you working at high altitudes (over 5,000 feet) or in a place that has
lower than normal amounts of oxygen: Yes/No
If "yes," do you have feelings of dizziness, shortness of breath, pounding in your chest, or other
symptoms when you're working under these conditions: Yes/No
2. At work or at home, have you ever been exposed to hazardous solvents, hazardous airborne
chemicals (e.g., gases, fumes, or dust), or have you come into skin contact with hazardous
chemicals: Yes/No
If "yes," name the chemicals if you know them:_________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
3. Have you ever worked with any of the materials, or under any of the conditions, listed below:
a. Asbestos: Yes/No
b. Silica (e.g., in sandblasting): Yes/No
c. Tungsten/cobalt (e.g., grinding or welding this material): Yes/No
d. Beryllium: Yes/No
e. Aluminum: Yes/No
f. Coal (for example, mining): Yes/No
g. Iron: Yes/No
h. Tin: Yes/No
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i. Dusty environments: Yes/No
j. Any other hazardous exposures: Yes/No
If "yes," describe these exposures:____________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
4. List any second jobs or side businesses you have:___________________
_______________________________________________________________________
5. List your previous occupations:_____________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
6. List your current and previous hobbies:________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
7. Have you been in the military services? Yes/No
If "yes," were you exposed to biological or chemical agents (either in training or combat):
Yes/No
8. Have you ever worked on a HAZMAT team? Yes/No
9. Other than medications for breathing and lung problems, heart trouble, blood pressure, and
seizures mentioned earlier in this questionnaire, are you taking any other medications for any
reason (including over-the-counter medications): Yes/No
If "yes," name the medications if you know them:_______________________
10. Will you be using any of the following items with your respirator(s)?
a. HEPA Filters: Yes/No
b. Canisters (for example, gas masks): Yes/No
c. Cartridges: Yes/No
11. How often are you expected to use the respirator(s) (circle "yes" or "no" for all answers that
apply to you)?:
a. Escape only (no rescue): Yes/No
b. Emergency rescue only: Yes/No
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c. Less than 5 hours per week: Yes/No
d. Less than 2 hours per day: Yes/No
e. 2 to 4 hours per day: Yes/No
f. Over 4 hours per day: Yes/No
12. During the period you are using the respirator(s), is your work effort:
a. Light (less than 200 kcal per hour): Yes/No
If "yes," how long does this period last during the average
shift:____________hrs.____________mins.
Examples of a light work effort are sitting while writing, typing, drafting, or performing light
assembly work; or standing while operating a drill press (1-3 lbs.) or controlling machines.
b. Moderate (200 to 350 kcal per hour): Yes/No
If "yes," how long does this period last during the average
shift:____________hrs.____________mins.
Examples of moderate work effort are sitting while nailing or filing; driving a truck or bus in
urban traffic; standing while drilling, nailing, performing assembly work, or transferring a
moderate load (about 35 lbs.) at trunk level; walking on a level surface about 2 mph or down a
5-degree grade about 3 mph; or pushing a wheelbarrow with a heavy load (about 100 lbs.) on a
level surface. c. Heavy(above 350 kcal per hour): Yes/No
If "yes," how long does this period last during the average
shift:____________hrs.____________mins.
Examples of heavy work are lifting a heavy load (about 50 lbs.) from the floor to your waist or
shoulder; working on a loading dock; shoveling; standing while bricklaying or chipping
castings; walkingup an 8-degree grade about 2 mph; climbing stairs with a heavy load (about 50
lbs.).
13. Will you be wearing protective clothing and/or equipment (other than the respirator) when
you're using your respirator: Yes/No
If "yes," describe this protective clothing and/or equipment:__________
_______________________________________________________________________
14. Will you be working under hot conditions (temperature exceeding 77 deg. F): Yes/No
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15. Will you be working under humid conditions: Yes/No
16. Describe the work you'll be doing while you're using your respirator(s):
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
17. Describe any special or hazardous conditions you might encounter when you're using your
respirator(s) (for example, confined spaces, life-threatening gases):
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
18. Provide the following information, if you know it, for each toxic substance that you'll be
exposed to when you're using your respirator(s):
Name of the first toxic substance:___________________________________________
Estimated maximum exposure level per shift:__________________________________
Duration of exposure per shift:______________________________________________
Name of the second toxic substance:__________________________________________
Estimated maximum exposure level per shift:__________________________________
Duration of exposure per shift:______________________________________________
Name of the third toxic substance:___________________________________________
Estimated maximum exposure level per shift:__________________________________
Duration of exposure per shift:______________________________________________
The name of any other toxic substances that you'll be exposed to while using your respirator:
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
19. Describe any special responsibilities you'll have while using your respirator(s) that may affect
the safety and well-being of others (for example, rescue, security):
_____________________________________________________________________________
[63 FR 1152, Jan. 8, 1998; 63 FR 20098, April 23, 1998; 76 FR 33607, June 8, 2011; 77 FR
46949, Aug. 7, 2012]
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Appendix G: Specific Safety Procedures For
High Risk Instructional Programs
HIGH RISK INSTRUCTIONAL PROGRAMS
SPECIFIC SAFETY PROCEDURES
FOR
___________________________________ (NAME OF PROGRAM)
Reference PVCC Safety Manual Section 13 for appropriate policies related to each of these areas.
SUPERVISION OF STUDENTS IN LABS (SECTION 13.1)
LAB/CLASSROOM SAFETY (SECTION 13.3)
PERSONAL PROJECTS IN LABS (SECTION 13.4)
CLASSROOM & LAB RULES OF BEHAVIOR / CODE OF CONDUCT (SECTION 13.6)
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SAFETY TESTING (SECTION 13.8)
EMERGENCY TRAINING (SECTION 13.10)
COURSE SYLLABUS (SECTION 13.11 AND 13.12)
EQUIPMENT INSPECTIONS (SECTION 13.14)
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Appendix H: Bloodborne Pathogens Exposure Incident
Procedures
These procedures shall be posted in all areas at Piedmont Virginia Community College where there is the possibility of an exposure to blood borne pathogens resulting from the performance of an employee's duties.
* * BLOOD BORNE PATHOGENS EXPOSURE INCIDENT PROCEDURES * * In the event of an exposure incident (a specific eye, mouth, other mucous membrane, non-intact skin, or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials), the following procedures shall be followed. (1) The exposed employee shall IMMEDIATELY wash the affected skin with
soap and water or germicidal towellette and/or flush mucous membrane with water.
(2) The scene of the incident, including any equipment, floors and sinks, shall be
immediately and thoroughly cleaned and disinfected with an appropriate disinfectant.
(3) The employee shall inform his/her supervisor of the incident as soon as
possible. (4) The supervisor shall advise the human resources officer and the vice
president for finance and administrative services. (5) The Human Resources Officer shall: (a) Arrange for the employee to receive a Hepatitis B vaccination if the
employee has not received one previously. If the employee declines the vaccination, he/she shall be required to sign a declination statement.
(b) Upon consent of the employee, arrange to have the employee's blood
collected for testing at the designated healthcare facility. (c) Arrange to have the blood of the source individual tested, if a specimen
is available or upon consent of the source individual, if the infectious status is unknown.
(d) Assure that the employee is informed of the results of the source
individual's blood test.
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(e) Arrange for the employee to have post-exposure prophylaxis, counseling and medical evaluation if necessary.
(f) Provide the employee with a copy of the healthcare professional's
written opinion within 15 days of the evaluation. (6) The supervisor will investigate the exposure incident within 24 hours and will
report the results to the vice president for finance and administrative services.