rural urban integration through district planning · 2012-07-26 · 11 tcpo, new delhi 7/10/2012...

7/10/2012 TCPO, New Delhi 1

Rural Urban integration through District Planning

Town & Country Planning Organisation

Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India


Background

The District Planning in the form of decentralised planning for a balanced, integrated and meaningful development of districts has been an accepted concept since the beginning of the planning era.

Difficulties in integration: – a wide gap between the concept and the

practices – states differ widely in their levels of

decentralisation of development administration


Background

Comprehensive guidelines for district planning by Planning Commission in 1969

Difficulties in implementation: – institutional mechanism for district planning not

fully geared.

– low level of awareness.


Background

Planning Commission in 1982 set up a Working Group under the Chairmanship of Dr. C.H. Hanumantharao, recommended: – Spatial Planning, – rural urban integration – peoples`participation – institutional framework as integral part of district planning (Above could not be implemented as the

institutional framework not changed)


Concept of Integration in District Planning

Necessary – To avoid multiplicity of institutions and processes

and overlapping functions

– to achieve functional and spatial integration at planning and implementation stage



types of integration – integration in planning – coordination in implementations

more emphasis on coordination in implementations to achieve integrated development since the district planning bodies had limited planning functions.



The Working Group recommended integration at plan formulation level

planning activity should be undertaken by one single agency

The concept of District Planning Committee as provided by the 74th CAA is a step forward to achieve this goal.


Rural–Urban Integration

Came into being along with ‘Integrated Rural Development Programme

It recommended for provision of higher order services and amenities related to agriculture and other allied activities in small and medium towns.

The need to integrate the rural activities particularly with the small and medium towns had become a crucial issue in order to find suitable locations and assign the functions of focal points to these towns for provision of higher order services and amenities related to agricultural and other allied activities.



Approach further reinforced by the report of Task Force on ‘Planning & Development of Small & Medium Towns & Cities’ set up in 1975

It recognised ‘spatial plan at regional / district level as an important tool of rural urban integration through provisions of various levels of services and facilities.’



It says, “The (Urban) Plans generally bear no relationship with

the rural hinterland of the district…No plan can be realistic

unless it takes into account the interaction between the two…

It calls for total district planning integrating a settlement

pattern to promote human activity, balanced development

and a congenial environment.” It also recommended, “District

and local physical plans should be prepared within the

framework of the regional plans and a suitable statutory

authority should be entrusted at the district or area level to

draw up detailed plans and programmes on the basis of a

settlement plan, integrating rural and urban areas.”


Spatial Plan

spatial plan at regional / district level has been an important tool of rural urban integration through functional integration of various levels of services and facilities.

provides for spatial strategy to provide locational plan for the development programmes and schemes but also rural-urban integration to minimize disparity in development over space.

The spatial strategy provides two broad directions, the first is on hierarchy of urban and rural settlements in the region and the second is regarding the proposed functions of the settlements, during the plan period.

12

National Commission on Urbanization, 1985

Spatial perspective to the pattern of urban settlements at the National scale

Location of urban settlements by size and function in regional/ sub-regional context

Necessity of delineating planning regions at National and State levels

329 GEMs and 49 SPURs


Spatial Plan

TCPO always emphasised in regional plans the need for spatial strategy for rural-urban integration in order to minimize spatial disparity in development.

Methodology – Determination of hierarchy of urban and rural

settlements in the region

– proposed functions of the settlements


74th Constitution Amendment

The 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Acts have opened up a new vista for decentralised and democratic process of planning and development in India

District & Metropolitan Areas have been recognised as a viable unit for administration as well as a key unit in the multi-level planning system.



The Act envisages spatial and environmental planning for integration of the municipal and Panchayat plans with district plans

Article 243-ZD(3-a) provides for spatial planning, sharing of water and other physical and natural resources & integrated development of infrastructure



ensuring devolution of power to the people

The state legislatures empowered to enact upon the structure, composition and functions of DPC.

Four-fifth of its members shall be elected by and amongst the elected members of the district panchayat and the municipality



Some states have enacted enabling legislations for the constitution of DPC

DPCs wherever constituted lack necessary technical expertise to draw up a Spatial Development Plan of the district integrating the various sectors of development and rural urban continuum.


Government of India initiatives

Constituted a Steering Committee and a Technical committee to re-examine the existing planning system and to devise a mechanism to facilitate devolution of spatial planning functions to local bodies.

submitted its report in 1996 in the form of UDPFI guidelines and revised the model Urban & Regional Planning and Development Law which also provide for setting up of DPC


Powers and Functions of DPC

Mandatory – Prepare a perspective plan indicating long term

policies, strategies and priorities for spatio-economic development of the district.

– Formulate a district development plan taking into account the development goals, objectives and priorities for five years as stipulated in the perspective plan of the district

– Formulate annual plan within the framework of approved district development plan.


TCPO initiatives

Formulate prototype district plans demonstrating how to prepare the perspective plan and constitution of DPC

TCPO has already completed a prototype Perspective (Spatial) Plan for Chandrapur in Maharashtra.


Prototype Perspective Plan for Chandrapur district

Long term spatial development plan,

Development Plans and Annual Plans will flow from the perspective plan


Prototype Perspective Plan for Chandrapur district

To provide sectorwise broad directions of development

spatial integration of the urban and rural settlements

indicate future functional hierarchy of the settlements in the district.

plan for their all round development proposing for up-gradation of various infrastructural facilities

Methodology

Assess availability and distribution of economic and physical resources in relation to demographic profile of the district.

Inventory of resources such as land, forest cover, minerals, agriculture, water resources, industries etc. will be prepared.

Availability of socio-economic infrastructure e.g. educational & health facilities, traffic and transportation, marketing, and communication facilities is also examined.

Development potentials and constraints are analysed and assessed. Projections of population both urban and rural have been attempted.

Development strategy for spatial planning is formulated for the district.


Methodology

the proposed settlement system for the district is being formulated both for the urban and rural settlements.

Development programmes are integrated at the settlement level by filling up the gaps in the settlement system and also by integrating the schemes of the urban and rural settlements.


Sector wise recommendations

Agriculture

Irrigation

Horticulture

Animal Husbandry



Level Exiting Proposed Remarks

I Regional Centre 1 1 Chandrapur, the district & Tehsil HQ is the highest order settlement in the

hierarchy and serves the entire district.

II Sub-Regional

Centre

1 2 Ballarpur town is the existing Sub regional centre serving the southern

part of the district. Brahmapuri a tehsil HQ town 150 Km from district HQ

located along the eastern rail road corridor presently functioning as market

town proposed as the second sub regional centre to serve the northern part

of the district.

III Market Town 5 11 Five existing and six large tehsil HQ villages and one town with APMC

Principal yards having higher order facilities proposed to be upgraded

IV Rural Market

Centres

7 17 Large villages having APMC Sub Yard, and other higher order facilities

have been selected. 15 existing rural service centres proposed to be

upgraded

V Rural Service

Centre

27 67 Medium size village accessible by pucca road having Vet-II dispensary,

PHS and Middle or High school and Daily Market.

56 Basic villages are proposed to be upgraded to Service centre.

VI Basic Villages 140 280 Medium size villages having at least one Vet-II or Middle School or Daily

market.196 villages are proposed to be upgraded.

Proposed Settlement Hierarchy


Level Facilities Distance Catchment

Population

I Regional

Centre

District Civil Hospital

Veterinary Hospital

Specialised Hospitals and Educational institutions

District offices of the State

Commercial Banks

District Central Cooperative Bank

ST Division

Various Govt. & Semi Govt. Orgns.

Agricultural Produce Market Principal Yard

General Post Office

Higher Order Godown etc.

Entire District

II Sub-

Regional

Centre

Rural Hospital

Primary Health Centre

Veterinary Hospital

Bus Depot and Workshop

Technical School, Colleges

Artificial Insemination Centre

APMC Sub-yard

Nationalised and Coop. Banks

Post and Telegraph Office

Specialised services

Govt. & Semi-Govt. Organisations

Middle Order Godowns

North and South of the

district

III Market

Town

Hospital

Degree College

Municipal Dispensary

Veterinary dispensary-I


Telegraph Office

Cooperative and nationalised Banks

Middle Order Godown

APMC Principal yard

Police Station

Each Tehsil


Level Facilities Distance Catchment

Population

IV Rural Market Centre Primary schools

Middle school

Secondary school

Primary Health Centres

Metalled road link to urban centre

Public transport connection bus (and in some

cases-rail).

Post Office

Electricity supply

Telephone service

Water supply

Bank

Cooperative society

Fair price shop

Regional market

Community centre

Police post.

Primary Health Centre

Veterinary dispensary


Cooperative and Nationalized Banks

Middle Order Godowns

APMC Sub-yard

Petrol station.

10-15 kms.


Level Facilities Distanc

e

Catchment

Population

V Rural

Service

Centre

Pucca Road to Market Centre.

WBM vehicular road links to villages in catchment

Electricity supply

Water supply

Fair price shop

Community centre

Post Office

Secondary Schools.

P.H.Sub-Centre

Bus Station

Weekly Market

Bank (Branch)


Z.P.Ayurvedic Dispensary etc.

Upto 5 kms.

VI Basic

Village

Primary and Middle School

Dispensary

Branch Post Office

Weekly Market

Regular Bus Stop

Coop. Bank

Veterinary Aid Centre etc.

Within 2

kms.


Development of Growth Centres


The 74th CAA aims at decentralising the planning & development activities in a

democratic and realistic way. Therefore it must be implemented in letter and spirit to accelerate the overall development process of the nation to a higher growth trajectory.

The next steps – The way forward


Thank you

rural urban integration through district planning · 2012-07-26 · 11 tcpo, new delhi 7/10/2012...

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