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EVALUATION OF PROPOSED

ASHRAE ENERGY AUDITFORM AND PROCEDURES

(RP-669)

Final ReportFebruary 1996

Prepared For:

American Society of Heating, Refrigerationand Air Conditioning Engineers, Inc.

1791 Tullie Circle, NEAtlanta, Georgia, 30329

Prepared By:

Principal Investigator - Ish Sud, PhD., P.E.

Co-principal Investigator - Jerome C. Hay, P.E.Sud Associates, P.A.1805 Chapel Hill Road

Durham, NC 27707919/493-5277

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors would like to thank ASHRAE, the sponsors of this research project, and the

ASHRAE Technical Committee TC 9.6, which initiated the project. In addition, we would like tothank all those who provided input into the process by providing constructive comments andsuggestions to improve the Energy Audit Form and database.

Particular acknowledgment is due to the members of the Project Monitoring Subcommittee andthe project subcontractors.

Project Monitoring Subcommittee

Mr. Richard MazzucchiMr. Richard J. Pearson, PEMr. William R. Mixon

Subcontracting Engineering Firms

ADM Associates, Sacramento, CaliforniaLandsberg Engineering/The Fleming Group, Syracuse, NYPrism Engineering, Burnaby, British Columbia

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TABLE O F CONTENTS

Page

Acknowledgments i

Table of Contents iiList of Tables iii

Executive Summary 1

I Introduction 3

a) Objective 3

b) Background 3

c) Scope of Work 4

II Procedure 5

m Conclusions 9

a) Selection of Buildings 9b) Energy Audit Form 9c) Trial Database 10

IV Utilization 12

a) Results 12b) Relationship of this Work to Existing Knowledge 12c) Recommendations and Suggestions for Further Research 13d) ASHRAE Handbook 13

Bibliography 14

Appendix A - Energy Audit Form and Procedures, as Originally Proposed by SP-56Appendix B - Revised Energy Audit Form and ProceduresAppendix C - List of Buildings AnalyzedAppendix D - Comments by AuditorsAppendix E - Sample Database AnalysesAppendix F - Trial Database Documentation and Data Dictionary

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LIST O F TABLES

Table Page

Table H-l: Distribution of Selected Buildings 3

Type vs. Location

Table II-2: Distribution of Selected Buildings 3Type vs. Gross Floor Area

Table n-3: Distribution of Selected Buildings 3Type vs. Heating Fuel

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respect to building type, but also to the functions which take place in that building.

The Energy Audit Form, in its revised form, can be valuable to the industry in two importantways. First, it provides a guide to a building owner o r auditor as to what information should becollected, analyzed, and reported for an energy audit. It standardizes information to be collected

without trying to dictate or constrain the actual analysis of the data. In this capacity, it can beused t o improve the overall level of energy auditing in the field, as well as give a building owneran idea of what should be expected from an energy audit. Second, the Energy Audit Form canserve as a data collection form for entry into a database. Because of its standardized format anddatabase friendly entries, it serves as an excellent tool for this purpose.

Concurrent with the revision and testing of the Proposed Form, a trial database was developed.The database contained primarily the building, energy, and space function data from he ProposedForm. Comments and suggestions were solicited from he auditors, the PMS, and TC 9.6, andthe database was finalized. The database was populated with data from he completed energyaudit forms for the 100 buildings, and the data in the database was analyzed based on several

parameters: building type, fuel type, climate zone, square footage, fuel usage, operating cost, e tc.

The trial database proved to be an effective tool for collecting and analyzing this data. Use ofsuch a database on a widespread basis would permit the collection and analysis of a lot of valuableinformation for building owners, utilities, agencies, and energy analysts. Perhaps the mostvaluable use would be to compare energy usage any individual building to the entire buildingstock of similar buildings with similar space functions, climate, energy sources, and fuel costs.

The principle products resulting from his research project are:

1) An improved, evaluated, and tested Energy Audit Form ready for use in the field by the

energy auditing industry,

2) A trial database developed, tested, and revised. While not ready for widespread distribution,it is available for guidance and to be built upon to develop a polished database.

Recommendations and suggestions for further research are summarized as follows:

1) Distribute the revised Energy Audit Form and Procedures to the energy auditing community.

2) Develop a database, based on the trial database developed in this project, to disseminate to theindustry to provide a tool for collecting building and energy information on existing buildingstock.

3) Once there is a statistically significant amount of data collected in the database, utilize thisdata to analyze energy usage of existing building stock. This information would be valuablefor researchers, utilities, agencies, building owners, designers, and energy auditors.

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I. INTRODUCTION

OBJECTIVE

ASHRAE developed a uniform Energy Audit Form and Procedures as a part o f a previous

research project, ASHRAE Special Project SP-56.

The objective of this research, ASHRAE Research Project RP-669, was to utilize, test, andevaluate the proposed Energy Audit Form and Procedures and to make informedrecommendations for their improvements based on the experience of those performing theevaluation. An additional objective was to produce and analyze a trial database to determine theadequacy o f the data collected to normalize and compare building energy performance.

The goal was to establish forms and procedures to be used by experienced auditors in the auditingof a variety of buildings in the field.

BACKGROUND

As a part of the US Department of Energy's Commercial Retrofit Research Program, the PacificNorthwest Laboratory (PNL) was asked to develop improvements to tools, procedures andtechniques used to perform energy audits in commercial buildings. It was felt that certain aspectsof the energy audit process are weak and contain levels of uncertainty which affect the quality ofthe audit results.

PNL engaged ASHRAE to conduct a study to identify the areas of uncertainty that affect thequality and credibility of commercial building energy audits and to develop a plan to improve

those aspects of the process. The work was performed as ASHRAE Special Project SP-56 by aproject team identified by ASHRAE. The Proposed ASHRAE Energy Audit Form andProcedures being evaluated in this project (RP-669) were developed by SP-56.

The first phase of the work by SP-56 was to assess the audit tools and procedures in order toidentify and prioritize the areas of need and to develop recommendations for work to beconducted in the second phase. The assessment performed during the first phase identified theneed to develop the scope of work involved for the various levels of analysis, and the need for astandard format for reporting the results of an analysis.

The second phase of the work by SP-56 resulted in the development of a document entitled

"Development of a Guide for Analyzing and Reporting Building Characteristics and Energy Usein Commercial Buildings" (The Guide). The Proposed Energy Audit Form and Procedures whichwere evaluated in RP-669 are contained in The Guide and are included as Appendix A in thisreport.

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The Guide outlines the purpose and various levels of an energy analysis. It also develops thetypical procedures to be followed for each level of analysis, and uniform means of reportingcertain building, system and energy use characteristics as well as the results of an analysis. It isintended to provide guidance to energy analysts and to provide some standardization of the resultsof the analysis. It can also be used by building owners to provide an understanding of results to

be expected from he analyst, and what level of analysis may be appropriate for a facility. The useof uniform reporting methods will facilitate sharing of data, and may eventually lead to thedevelopment of a building energy and functional usage database for use by the profession.

RP-669 resulted from he need to evaluate, test, and refine the Proposed Energy Audit Form andProcedures developed by SP-56 before its release and widespread use by the energy auditingcommunity. In addition, RP-669 takes the first step toward developing and evaluating the usabledatabase of building energy and functional usage envisioned in SP-56.

SCOPE O F WORK

In order to fulfill the objectives, the following scope of work was developed for the project.

Data would be transferred from previously completed level 2 or higher energy audits to theProposed Energy Audit Form (the Proposed Form). The Proposed Form would be completed byexperienced auditors for 100 buildings of various types, sizes, and uses from diverse climate andfuel cost regions in the United States and Canada. Comments and recommendations from heauditors and from he Project M onitoring Subcommittee would be solicited in order to evaluateand improve the Proposed Form.

A trial database would be developed and the information from he completed forms would beinput and analyzed.

A report would be prepared summarizing the data collected, analysis conducted, findings, rialdatabase, and recommended form changes.

The principal aims of the project were to :

1) Analyze the effectiveness of Proposed Forms vs. those used for the original audits.

2) Identify strengths and weaknesses of the Proposed Form.

3) Recommend improvements to the Proposed Form.

4) Discuss how well data collected with the Proposed Form can be incorporated into a database.

5) Determine if the collected data is adequate to normalize and compare building energyperformance.

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H. PROCEDURE

The first step of the project was to assemble a list of 100 buildings which had previously had level2 or higher energy audits performed on them. Information from he audits would be transferredto the Proposed Form as a means of evaluating the Proposed Form without the time and expense

of performing new audits. In order to ensure a diversity of climatic and fiiel cost regions, 25buildings from each of the following regions were selected:

1) Southeast - Hot, humid2) Southwest - Hot, dry3) Northeast - Cold (>6,000 degree days), high fuel cost4) Northwest - M id , low fuel cost.

The buildings in the Southeast were provided by Sud Associates, in the Southwest by ADMAssociates, in the Northeast by Landsberg Engineering/The Fleming Group, and in the Northwestby ADM Associates (11 buildings) and Prism Engineering (14 buildings).

The auditors (the contractor and the subcontractors) provided a list of approximately 50commercial or institutional buildings on which they had performed audits in their region(s). Thesebuildings were to represent a broad cross section with respect to :

1) Building Type2) Building Size3) Fuel Sources4) Building Energy Costs.

From the 50 buildings per region, 25 were chosen for the study based on the above criteria. A list

of these buildings with key characteristics is included in Appendix C. Tables II-1, -2, and -3summarize the distribution of building types, climatic zones, size, and heating fuel for th ebuildings included in the study.

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TABLE H-l: DISTRIBUTION OF SELECTED BUILDINGS

BUILDING TYPE VS. LOCATION

Tvoe

Office

Lodging

Apartments

Education

Food Sendee

Health Care

Retail

Assembly

Other

Total

SE

3

1

1

3

2

4

5

4

2

25

N E

5

1

1

4

1

4

2

5

2

25

Location

SW

7

0

0

5

3

4

5

0

1

25

N W

10

2

0

1

4

3

3

1

1

25

Total

25

4

2

13

10

15

15

10

6

100

TABLE H-2: DISTRIBUTION OF SELECTED BUILDINGS

BUILDING TYPE VS. GROSS FLOOR AREA

Type

Office

Lodging

Apartments

Education

Food Service

Health Care

RetailAssembly

Other

Total

0-20.000

9

0

0

1

9

4

63

0

32

Gross Floor Area - Square Feet

20,000-50,000

9

1

1

3

1

3

46

2

30

50,000-100,000

3

1

1

6

0

2

30

2

18

>100,000

4

2

0

3

0

6

21

2

20

6

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TABLE H-3: DISTRIBUTION OF SELECTED BUILDINGS

BUILDING TYPE VS. HEATING FUEL

Type

Office

Lodging

Apartments

Education

Food Service

Health Care

Retail

Assembly

Other

Total

# 2 Oil

1

0

0

2

0

3

1

4

0

11

Natural Gas

15

2

1

8

7

7

7

3

3

53

Energy Form

Electricity

9

2

0

2

2

3

5

1

1

25

Steam

0

0

0

1

0

0

1

0

0

2

Other

0

0

1

0

1

21

2

2

9

Data f rom several buildings per climatic region were transferred fro m the auditors' original auditform or report to the Proposed Form. Each auditor was requested to submit comments on th e

Proposed Form , based on their experience, regarding how the Proposed Form compared to theoriginal data collected on the building and how it could be improved.

The complete comm ents from auditors are included as Appendix D of this report. Some of themore common and salient comments are summarized below:

1) Improvements to format of form.

2) Define building area to use and stay consistent.

3) Is the form an audit tool or database entry form?

4) Clarify which parts of the form to be included in the database and make them easier to input.

5) More information needed about weather data.

6) Need expanded list of space types.

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7) Expand the list of HVAC system types and revise their structure to make it more useful as adatabase analysis tool.

8) Need information on electrical load profile.

9) Basic envelope construction should be included in the database.

10) Include units commonly used in Canada.

Based on the comments, the Proposed Form was revised and presented to the ResearchSubcommittee of TC 9.6, the sponsors of the research project, at the ASHRAE annual meeting inOrlando in June 1994. The presentation of the revised Proposed Form to this committee resultedin additional comments and suggestions for revisions. These suggestions were also incorporatedinto the form.

Concurrent with this process the trial database was developed. Though not intended to be a final

database to be distributed to the public, every effort w as made to create a database that was easyto use, both for the person inputting the data and the analyst who may use the data. The databasewas not intended to contain all the information from he Proposed Form, but primarily thebuilding, energy, and space function data that could be quantified. The items to be included in thedatabase were discussed with and approved by the Project Monitoring Subcommittee (PMS).On-screen data entry forms were created which would, for example, allow energy usage to beinput in original units (e.g. therms, CCF, MCF, or Gigajoules for natural gas) and thenautomatically converted to a common unit (e.g. 1000 BTUs for all energy sources) for storage inthe database. The entry forms were also created to follow logically along with the revisedProposed Form to facilitate ease of entry.

Data from several buildings were input into the trial database for preliminary analysis. Thedatabase and revised Proposed Form were distributed to the subcontractors and presented to theTC 9.6 Research Subcommittee meeting at the ASHRAE winter meeting in Chicago in January1995. Comments and suggestions from both were incorporated into the database and ProposedForm, and they were distributed to the subcontractors for completion.

The newly revised Proposed Form and the trial database were completed for all 100 buildings bythe auditors. Additional comments and evaluation were received at this time based on theexperience of completing all the forms and the database. After the forms and data were receivedand compiled, the data in the database was analyzed based on several parameters: building type,fuel type, climate zone, square footage, fuel usage, operating cost, etc.

The Proposed Form was revised again based on the comments received from he auditors and theinput from he PMS. It was then formatted in final form on a word processor. The Energy AuditForm in its final form is attached in Appendix B of this report.

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m. CONCLUSIONS

SELECTION OF BUILDINGS

Theprocedure for obtaining a cross section of buildings was very successful. A diverse cross

section of climate zones, audit levels, building types, building sizes, heating fuels, and fuel costswere included. This allowed for evaluation of the Proposed Form from he perspective of severalexperienced auditors and of audits on a varied building stock. Inclusion of one subcontractorfrom Canada also added an important perspective for making the form accessible to a broaderaudience.

ENERGY AUDIT FORM

The process of transferring data from existing audits to the Proposed Form proved valuable forevaluating and improving the form. At the most basic level it pointed out errors and deficienciesin the Proposed Form. It also resulted in improvements in content and format. In addition, it

helped clarify what information would be valuable in a database and how to make it clear to theauditor filling out the form.

The use of the contractor and three subcontractors to fill out the form and enter data into thedatabase resulted in valuable input from many experienced auditors. One of the primary results ofthis research project was to end up with a reviewed, modified, and tested Energy Audit Formready for distribution to the auditing community. The perspective of the auditors who completedforms, the members of the PMS, and those whomade suggestions at the TC 9.6 ResearchSubcommittee meetings was invaluable in improving the form. TheProposed Form was modified,based on this input, several times before the majority of the data from he 100 buildings wereinput. The result was that not only was the Proposed Form tested, but that the revised form was

thoroughly tested.

An important aspect of theEnergy Audit Form is inclusion of Space Functions for the buildingbeing analyzed. SP-56 recognized theneed to not only analyze building energy usage withrespect to building type; but also to the functions which take place in that building, termed here"space functions". While it is very difficult to actually determine the energy usage per spacefunction in a building without extensive monitoring and/or analysis, total building energy usagecan be analyzed based on the building's space function breakdown. As far as the investigators areaware, this has not been done in other surveys of building energy usage.

In order to be consistent with other ASHRAE work, it was suggested that the list of Space

Functions from Standard 90.1 be incorporated. This was done, but with somereservations. The90.1 Space Functions are largely based on appropriate lighting levels for various spaces. Thisresults in a large number of space types that add confusion, not clarity, to a space functionanalysis. For example, there are more subdivisions of office areas and sporting arenas/spaces thanare necessary for the purposes of theEnergy Audit Form. Further, the numbering system for

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Space Functions in 90.1 is sequential instead of having numbered groupings of "super" categoriessuch as "office", "athletic", "retail", etc. with numbered subcategories. Instead of merelychoosing between "enclosed offices" and "open offices w ith partitions", this requires the auditorto choose between, for example, accounting offices with partitions 3.5-4.5 feet below the ceilingand accounting offices with partitions less than 3.5 feet below the ceiling. These distinctions are

too fine.

The Energy Audit Form, in its revised form, can be valuable to the industry in two importantways. First, it provides a guide to a building owner or auditor as to what information should becollected, analyzed, and reported for an energy audit. It standardizes information to be collectedwithout trying to dictate or constrain the actual analysis of the data. In this capacity, it can beused to improve the overall level of energy auditing in the field, as well as give a building owneran idea of what should be expected from an energy audit.

Second, the Energy Audit Form can serve as a data collection form for entry into a database.Because of its standardized format and database friendly entries, it serves as an excellent tool for

this purpose.

TRIAL DATABASE

The trial database w as developed in order to determine how well data collected with the ProposedForm could be incorporated into a database, and to determine if the collected data is adequate tonormalize and compare building energy performance.

The trial database proved to be an effective tool for collecting and analyzing this data. Thecustom input forms and programs allowed for streamlined data input, once the relevant data wasentered in the paper Energy Audit Form, requiring only about 15 minutes to enter the data.

Use of such a database on a widespread basis would permit the collection and analysis of a lot ofvaluable information for building owners, utilities, agencies, and energy analysts. Perhaps th emost valuable use would be to compare energy usage any individual building to the entire buildingstock of similar buildings with similar space functions, cfimate, energy sources, and fuel costs.Examples of sample analyses performed using the database are included in Appendix E.

Concurrent development of the trial database and revision of the Proposed Form gave guidance tothe revisions to the Proposed Form. For example, Building Types were assigned numbers insteadof ust being listed by name, permitting quantifiable and sortable entry in the database.

The trial database was developed using Paradox 4.0 for DOS. This was chosen because of itsability to run on nearly any PC, without Windows, and because of its widespread use . As itturned out, the Paradox for DOS programming language was not always well suited to developingthe input and report forms desired for this project. Thus, the programmer was forced to createsome constructions tha t were, at times, complicated and confusing. It may be determined that a

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different database program would be more appropriate if a final, full featured database isdeveloped.

Development of such a final database, suitable for distribution and use by the public, is beyond thescope of work of this project. If, however, it is developed, it should build on the structure and

features of the trial database and include, at a minimum, the following features:

1) Follow the input format of the paper Energy Audit Form,

2) Provide input forms that allow entry of data in native units for each energy source andconvert them to a common unit for storage in the database. Custom report forms could thenconvert this unit to any unit desired by an analyst.

3) Provide ability to input energy cost information in various currencies, at a minimum US andCanadian dollars, with current exchange rates. This would allow for normalization of energycosts, which would be necessary for meaningful analysis.

4) Include space function information on buildings, as is collected on the Energy Audit Form, ina format in which is can be easily extracted for analysis.

5) Include ability to "pack" and "unpack" the data to facilitate transfer via disk or modem to acentral location which maintains the database.

6) Provide some basic output reports, as well as the ability to easily develop custom reports foranalysis of the data.

7) Be streamlined enough to require minimal time to enter the data, 15 to 20 minutes at the

most.

8) Be a stand alone application which does not require the user to own a separate, proprietarysoftware application.

Monthly energy usage and cost information, by meter, was incorporated into the database.However, it is the opinion of the investigators that it should not be included, in such detail, in afinal database for distribution. A facility may have several meters for several fuels, and theinformation would become cumbersome. While this information may prove useful for aresearcher, this benefit is outweighed by the increase in database complexity, unwieldy quantity ofinformation, and amount of time required by an auditor to enter this data. Inclusion of this

information could easily double the amount of time required by the auditor to input informationinto the database, thus reducing the likelihood of getting the database filled in at all. Analternative would be to input the total monthly energy usage and cost information per fuel withoutseparating it out per meter. This would provide more valuable information with less data inputtime.

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IV. UTILIZATION

RESULTS

The principle products resulting from his research project are:

1) An improved, evaluated, and tested Energy Audit Form ready for use in the field by theenergy auditing industry,

2) A trial database developed, tested, and revised. While not ready for widespread distribution,it is available for guidance and to be built upon to develop a polished database.

RELATIONSHIP OF THIS WORK TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE

Energy A udit Form and Procedures

This research project, ASHRAE RP-669, evaluated, tested, and revised the Energy Audit Formand Procedures which were developed as a part of ASHRAE SP-56. The revised forms provide astandardized tool for collecting and reporting building and energy information for conducting anenergy audit on a commercial or institutional building. The form and procedures outlined here donot attempt to proscribe analysis procedures and techniques, or define lists of potential energyconservation opportunities.

Building Energy Database

Databases of energy usage in commercial buildings in the United States already exist. Mostnotable is the database on building energy usage collected and maintained by the Energy

Information Administration (EIA) of the U.S. Department of Energy. Other collections of dataare also available from utility companies, state or provincial governm ents, and the BuildingOwners and Managers Association (BOMA). The database resulting from his project differsfrom most other building energy usage databases in two fundamental ways:

1) The building and energy usage information is collected, on site, by an engineer or energyanalyst as a part of an energy audit.

2) The database includes detailed information about the space functions of the building. Energyusage could be analyzed not only based on building type, but also the functional usage of thebuilding.

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RECOMM ENDATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH

1) Develop a database, based on the trial database developed in this project, to disseminate tothe industry to provide a tool for collecting building and energy information on existingbuilding stock.

Included in this would necessarily be a determination of the most effective method ofdistribution. Reliance purely on voluntary data entry and submission of the database may notresult in adequate response. Other means of encouraging compliance may be to get utilitiesor federal agencies to require completion of the database in conjunction with their energyaudits.

Also, it would be necessary to develop a central repository for the database and a means forkeeping it updated, maintained, and available to interested parties for analysis. Reportsshould be published on a regular basis to distribute the most up-to-date content and analysisof the database.

2) Following up on item 1) above, once there is a statistically significant amount of datacollected in the database, utilize this data to analyze energy usage of existing building stock.This information would be valuable for researchers, utilities, agencies, building owners,designers, and energy auditors.

ASHRAE HANDBOOK

Chapter 32 - "Energy Management" of the 1995 ASHRAE Handbook - HVAC Applicationsdiscusses energy management and energy auditing. It also includes tables of energy usageinformation compiled from DOE/EIA surveys.

The Energy Audit Form and Procedures could be mentioned in this context as an energy auditingtool. Also, information gathered from he proposed database could be incorporated into thischapter.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

ASHRAE. 1987. An Assessment of the Energy Auditing Process in Commercial Buildings.ASHRAE Special Project Report 56.

i *

ASHRAE. 1989. Energy Efficient Design of New Buildings Except Low-rise ResidentialBuildings. ASHRAMES Standard 90.1-19Z9.

ASHRAE. 1990. Standard Methods of Measuring and Expressing Building Energy Performance.ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 105-1984 (RA 90).

ASHRAE. 1990. A Guide for Analyzing and Reporting Energy Use and Characteristics ofCommercial Buildings. Prepared for Pacific Northwest Laboratory by ASHRAE. 1989,revised 1990. 6

ASHRAE. 1995.1995 ASHRAE Handbook - HVAC Applications.

CTBSE. 1991. Applications Manual, Energy Audits and Surveys. The Chartered Institution ofBuilding Services Engineers, London, England.

MacDonald, J.M., T.R. Sharp, andM .B. Gettings. 1989. A Protocol for Monitoring EnergyEfficiency Improvements in Commercial and Related Buildings. ORNL/Con-291. Oak RidgeNational Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN.

SBCCI. 1988. Standard Building Code, 1988 Edition. Southern Building Code Congress

International, Inc., Birmingham, AL.

U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration. 1989. Commercial BuildingsEnergy Consumption Survey for 1989, Building Questionnaire. Form EIA-871A.

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APPENDIX A

ENERGY AUDIT FOR M AND PROCEDURES,AS ORIGINALLY PROPOSED BY SP-56

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APPENDIX I

ENERGY ANALYSIS PROCEDURES

PRELIMINARY ENERGY USE AND WALK-THROUGH DATA

Table of Contents

Page

Preface 1-2

Preliminary Energy Use 1-3

Building Characteristics 1-3

Energy Performance 1-5

Energy and Cost Indices 1-5

Walk-Through Data 1-10

Space Function Analysis 1-10

Building Data 1-12

Lighting Systems Data 1-13

HVAC Systems Data 1-14

Special Loads 1-14

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PRELIMINARY ENERGY USE AND W ALK-THROUGH DATA

PREFACE

The d ata required in the Preliminary E nergy Use Analysis sectio n, pages 1-1 throug h I-9, can ususally b e obtained from the ow ner-operator of the bu ilding w ithout a visit tothe building. The forms utilize standard definitions for building area , building typ e, an denergy usag e. The result is the developm ent of energy cost, indices which can beused to compare with other, similar buildings, and to make a rough determination ofthe need for further evaluation. If no further evaluation is con du cted , this data isexpected to have some value in the development of a building energy-use data base.

The information required in the Walk-Through Data section, pages 1-10 through 1-14,can be obtained without conducting a detailed analysis of the building . A major goalof data collected in this seciton is to define the various SPACE FUNCTIONS in thebuilding. This information, in conjuction w ith specific informa tion on the b uilding itself,the HVAC system type(s) and the lighting system(s) will enable the analyst tocommence a more detailed assessment of building energy performance.

It is intended that the information requested can co ntribute to the establishment of alarge, useful data base of building functions and energy use. There fore, the analyst isstrongly urged to provide all possible information in the format provided.

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PRELIMINARY ENERGY USE

BUILDING CHARACTERISTICS

Building ID

For 19 19

City. Zip/Postal Co de.

Gross condit ioned area1

Number of condit ioned f loors - above grade.

Primary Year of Construction2

Primary Building Ty pe3 (Check one only)

Office

Lodging

Apartment

Education

Food Service

Heal thCare

[ ]

[ ] Hotel[ ] Motel

[ ] Seniors[ ] Family[ ] Retirement Home[ ] Other - Define

[ ] Primary[ ] Secondary[ ] University

[ ] Restaurant-Full Service

[ ] Fast Food[ ] Take Out[ ] Lounge

[ ] Nursing Home[ ] Psychiatric[ ] Clinic[ ] Active Treatment Hospital

Retail

Industrial

Other

Assembly

Lat Long.

sq.ft.

below grade.

Dry cleaningSupermarketGeneral MerchanciseShopping Mall Without TenantLoadsShopping Mall Without TenantLighting LoadShopping MallOther - Define

LaboratoryManufacturingWarehouseWarehouse - Refrigerated

JailTransport TerminalMulti-Bldg. ComplexOther - Define

TheatreMuseum/GalleryChurch/SynagogueArena/GymArena/RinkOther Assem bly (Define)

1 All floor area contained within the outside finished surface of permanen t outer building walls including b asements, mechanicalequipment floors and penthouses (ANSI Standard 265.1 -198 0, "Construction Area"). No exclusions are mad e for shafts, stairs oratria. Conditioned area is that area provided with heating or colling to maintain temperature between 50 °F and 86°F (ANSI/ASHRAEStandard 105-1984).

2 The median year for construction of at least 5 1 % of the conditioned space.

Building Type as ch aracterized by at least 5 1 % of the conditioned space.

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Preliminary Building Usage Period4

Average Hours/Week Average Weeks/Year

Schedule during months of Optional Usage Schedule

Days

Hour Open

Hour Close

Peak no. of employees

Avg. no. of employees

Peak no. of customers

Avg. No. of customers

M T W TH F SAT SUN HOL

Schedule during months of

Days

Hour Open

Hour Close






.

Usage for at least 51 % of the conditioned space.

8/3/2019 RP669


ENERGY PERFORMANCE SUMMARY

ENERGY TYPE

ELECTRICITY

NATURAL GAS

STEAM

HOT W ATER

CHILLED WATER

O l L #

PROPANE

COAL

OTHER

TOTALANNUAL

USE

CONVERSIONMULTIPLIER

To ThousandsBtu See Next

Page

THOUSANDSOF BTU

A

TOTALANNUAL

COST

$

B

ENERGY AND COST INDICES

Energy Index (A * Gross Conditioned Area) MBTU/SQ.FT./YR

Cost Index (B + Gross Conditioned Area) $/SQ.FT./YR

Annual Maximum metered demand

KW(C)

Maximum Demand Index (C x 1,000 * Gross Conditioned Area) W/SQ.FT.

TOTAL WATER USE KGAL/YR

Further Analysis recommended? Y /N

Explain •

I-5

8/3/2019 RP669


Multipliers for Conversion

to Thousands of BTU

(Ref ASHRAE Standard 105-1984 for unusual fuels)

Fuel

Electricity

Natural Gas

Propane

Steam

Hot W ater

Chilled Water

Oil #2

Oil #6

Anthracite Coal

Measured

Units

KW HMWH

CCFMCFThermm

US Gallon

LitresImp. Gallons

1000 LBS

Therm

1000 BTU

1000 BTU

Ton Hours

US GallonImp. GallonsLitres

US GallonImp. GallonsLitres

Tons

Conversion

Multiplier

3.413413

103.1030.10036.4

91.6

24.2110

1000100

1.0

1.0

12.0

139.16736.7

15418540.7

25,400

1-6

8/3/2019 RP669


ENERGY

(Check one in each column)

TYPE

Natural Gas

Steam

Hot Water

Chilled Water

Electricity

Water

Other

UNITS

CCF

MC FTHERMCU . THERMS

1000 LBSTHERM

1000 BTUBTU

1000 BTU

TON HOURS

KWHMW H

KGAL

(DEFINEUNITS)

Serves More Than 5% Total

Heating Fuel

Cooling Fuel

Domestic W ater Heating Fuel

Kitchen Equipment

Laundry Equipment

Other Processing Equipment

Energy Type(from above)

1-7

8/3/2019 RP669


METERED CONSUMPTION FOR METER #

METERING PERIODDAY/MONTH/YEAR

From To

1 Total

Utility Co

Applicabl

Schedule

CONSUMPTION

(D

"E"IFESTIMATE

ELECTRICTY ONLYK W _ K VA _ KWMeasured Billed

Demand Demand

mpany

eRate

Number

C O S T

CONSUMPTION $ DEMAND $ TOTAL $

(1) ccf, therms, hWh, gal, etc.

1-8

8/3/2019 RP669


DELIVERED CONSUMPTION FOR FUEL #

DELIVERY

DATE

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

USE OFINVENTORY

TOTALCONSUMPTION

DELIVERYAMOUNT

C

TOTALCOST

D

ENERGY

TYPE

O I L # 1OIL 2OIL 4OIL 5LOIL 6PROPANE

COAL

OTHER

UNITS

US GALIMP GALUTRES

TONS

(DEFINEUNITS)

SERVES MORE THAN 5% OF:

Heating FuelCooling FuelElectric Generator FuelDomestic Hot W ater FuelKitchen EquipmentLaundry EquipmentOther Processing Equipment

INVENTORY:

AT DATE 0 (A)

INVENTORY:365 DAYS AFTER DATE 0 (B)

USE OF INVENTORY (A-B) (Q

COST OF INVENTORY USED (D)

(C) x LATEST PRICE

I-9

8/3/2019 RP669


Building ID

WALK-THROUGH DATAS P A C E F U N C T I ON A N A L Y S I S

For 19 - 1 9

SPACE NUMBER?

FUNCTION TYPE3

CONDITIONED AREASQ.FT.

USAGE FOR SPACE7

TYPES 1 - 30

HRS/WK

WKS/YR

A B C D Unaccounted Total

,

AtriumConditioned Parking GarageCorridor/StairwayLocker/Small Storage

Mechanical/ElectricalSleepingStorageVacantWalk-in Cold Storage

Arena/StadiumAuditoriumClassroomComputer Room-Raised Floor

Conference RoomDiningDrafting/AccountingGallery DisplayGymnasium

Ice RinkJail CeilKitchenLaboratoryLaundryLiving AreaLocker/ShowerLobby/Reception

LoungeManufacturing ProcessMaterial Handling/LoadingOfficePatient CarePatient TreatmentProduction/Shop AreaReading RoomRetail Refrigerated DisplayRetail GeneralShopping Mall Common AreaSurgical Suite/RecoverySwimming Pool

Optional information fo r SPACE FUNCTION ANALYSIS (provided separately for each space1. served by HVAC system type:2. served by lighting system type: w/sq.ft

'Separa ta Zon es with 10% of conditioned space

*Ma(of Space Function Types

'Se e detailed Usage Sched ule, page 1-11

1-10

8/3/2019 RP669


DETAILED USAGE SCHEDULE(OPTIONAL)

Schedule during months of Optional Usage Schedule

Days 1

Hour Open

Hour Close



Peak no. of customersAvg. No. of customers



Days

Hour OpenHour Close





M T W TH F

•

SAT SUN HOL

1-11

8/3/2019 RP669


BUILDING DATA

GROSS CONDITIONED AREA

Gross Heated Only sq.ft.Gross Cooled Only sq.ft.Gross Heated and Cooled sq.ft.

Total Gross Conditioned Area sq.ft

BUILDING SHELL CHARACTERISTICS

InsulatedY/N

Total Exposed Above Grade Wall Area (sf)

Glazing area (% of exposed wall area)

Roof area (sf)

Floor Surface area exposed to outdoor

conditions (sf)

Above grade wall area common w ith otherconditioned building (sf)

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE

Discuss/describe operation and maintenance procedures as pertaining to building efficiency orlongevity.

1-12

8/3/2019 RP669


LIGHTING SYSTEMS DATA

Average installed load includ ing ballast in more than51 % of occupied space

Switches Accessible to more than 51% of occupants Y/N ?

Special Automatic Controls Y/ N ?

_w/sq.ft.

Major Liqhtina Types1 = Ruorescent2 = Incandescent3 = Mercury Vapor4 = Sodium5 = Other

% of Occupied Area

1-13

8/3/2019 RP669


HEATING, VENTILATING AND AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM DATA

Check all that apply in a significant way(affect > 5% of floor area or energy consumption)

Centrifugal Chiller

Reciprocating ChillerAbso rption Chiller

Hot Water BoilerSteam BoilerHot Air FurnaceElectric Resistance CoilsCentral Heat PumpActive Solar EquipmentEnergy Recovery EquipmentThermal Storage SystemsCogeneration SystemsPackaged Heat Pumps

Air Row Modulation ControlsLighting ControlsHum id fiers/DehumidiftersCooling TowerComfort Control by ReheatFree Cooling

SPECIAL LOADS

Significant Energy Requirements not normally associated with this buPding type (for example:unconditioned Parking Garage Lighting. Ventilation, Outdoor Heated Pool, Snow Melting)

Describe Peak LoadKW MBH

OperatingHRS/WK

PeriodWKS/YR

MeterNumber

1-14

8/3/2019 RP669


APPENDIX II


BUILDING AND SYSTEMS INFORMATION

Table of Contents

Page

Preface 11-2

Envelope Characteristics 11-3

Lighting System Characteristics 11-4

HVAC Systems Characteristics 11-5

Inventory of Major HVAC Equipment 11-6

Domestic Hot Water Characteristics 11-7

Other Systems Characteristics 11-8

11-1

8/3/2019 RP669



PREFACE

The forms in this section are intended to provide general guidance in preparing areport on the analysis of the building and its systems. It is not uncomm on for the finalreport to be disseminated to and used by people with a wide variety of interests,including finance, management, operation, maintenance and engineering. Therefore,within practical constraints of time and budget, the analyst is encouraged to be asthorough and clear as possible in collecting and presenting the measured data andthe descriptions thereof.

11-2

8/3/2019 RP669


ENVELOPE CHARACTERISTICS

Bu i ld ing ID

F o r 1 9 1 9

Walls

Roofs

ConstructionCode

RValue

GlassShading

Coefficient

Area(sq.ft)

(Include miniature bu ilding floor plan, showing orientation)

CONSTRUCTION TYPE CODES

W0=Other

VV1=WoodW2=MasonryW3=Concrete, Above GradeW4=Concrete, Below GradeW5=Metal

W6=StoneW7=Glass

W8=Adjacent Building

R0=Other

R1 = Concrete DeckR2=Wood DeckR3=Metal Deck

WindowsSash Type

GO=Other

Doors

Fixed, Wood Sash: G11 = Single Glaze G21 = Double GlazeOperable, Wood Sash: Gl2=Single Glaze G22=Double Glaze

Fixed, Metal Sash: G13= Single Glaze G 23=Do uble G lazeOperable, Metal Sash: G14= Single Glaze G24= Dou ble G laze

DO=Other

D1 = Solid Wo odD2=Hol low WoodD3=Uninsulated metalD4=Metal, Insulated CoreD5 - Glass (> 85%)

II-3

8/3/2019 RP669


LIGHTING SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS

Describe in detail, include typical ceiling plans. Utilize space function format, (refer topage 1-10)

Typical watts/sq.ft. designTypical watts/sq.ft. installed, by type of light source (refer to page 1-13)Types of controlsOperating schedulesLight levels, footcandles (fc), 3 feet above floor, without daylightOperating and maintenance problems

II-4

8/3/2019 RP669


HVAC SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS

Describe in detail, include floor plans and sketches.

- Fuel Source - Con trol Description and Setting- Fuel Con version Equipment - Ope rating Periods- Distribution Me thod - Space Tem perature Setting and Setback

- Terminal Typ e - Operating and Maintenance Problems- Equipment Capacity

Heating System

Cooling System

11-5

8/3/2019 RP669


Inventory o f Major HVAC Equipment

Designation Location Model Size Capacity

-

Serves OperatingHours/Yr

Remark

11-6

8/3/2019 RP669


DOMESTIC HOT WATER SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS

Describe indetail

- Fuel Source

- Distribution- Storage- Hours required- Hours operated

Domestic Hot Water System

11-7

8/3/2019 RP669


OTHER SYSTEMS CHARACTERISTICS

Describe in detail, include schematics as needed. Include any operating andmaintenance problems.

Laundry

Food Preparation

Conveying System

Other

11-8

8/3/2019 RP669


APPENDIX III


ENERGY ANALYSIS SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Page

Preface III-2

Energy Analysis Summary 111-3

Recommended Energy Conservation Measures 111-4

Components of Annual Energy Use 111-5

111-1

8/3/2019 RP669



PREFACE

The forms in this section are intended to report the results of the calculations and

recommendations of the analyst. The forms provide a breakdown of energy use andcost by system components as well as recommendations for modifications. Systeminteraction must be properly accounted for when combining m ore than onemodification. The econom ics of each modification may vary, depending upon theorder in which they are accomplished.

111-2

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ENERGY ANALYSIS SUMM ARY

Building ID

For 19 19

ACTUAL USE A

TARGET B

TEC HN ICAL " POTENTIAL SAVINGS C(A-B)

SAVINGS FROM MEASURES DRECOMMENDED FOR IMPLEMENTATION(SEE ATTACHED)

REMAINING TECHNICAL E

POTENTIAL SAVING TO BEDEFINED (C-D)

REALISTICALLY ACHIEVABLE FPOTENTIAL SAVINGS STILL TO BEDEFINED

TOTAL ACHIEVABLE SAVINGS(D+F)

MBTU/

SQ.FT./YR$ /

SQ.FT./YR

$/YR

COST OF NEXT STAGE IN ANALYSIS

COST OF MEASURES RECOMM ENDED (D)

COST TO IMPLEMENT (I)

REALISTICALLY ACHIEVA BLE

POTENTIAL SAVINGS AND POSSIBLE RANGE

TOTAL REMAINING G + H +1IMPLEMENTATION COST

$

$

$

(G)

(H)

C± % )

'SOURCE

III-3

8/3/2019 RP669


RECOMM ENDED ENERGY CONSERVATION MEASURES

Measure Description

1.

2.

3.

Combined effect of1 .2 ,3

4.

5.

Combined effect of

1.2,3,4,5

ENERGYTYPE(S)

UNITSSAVED

$/YRSAVED

IMPLEMENTATIONCOST

EXTRAOPER+MAINTCOST

SIMPLEPAYBACK

(YRS)

III-4

8/3/2019 RP669


COMPONENTS OF ANNUAL ENERGY USE

Space Heating

Space Cooling

Fans

Pumps

DHW Generator

Lighting

Within Conditioned

Area

Outside Conditioned

AreaOther

Receptacles

Kitchen

Laundry

Central Computer

Conveyance

Laboratory Equipment

Other(describe)

Unaccounted

TOTAL

Elect

KW |

ricity

KBTU

Fuel

KBTU

Other

KBTU

Total

KBTU

Total

Cost

% of Total

Cost

III-5

8/3/2019 RP669


APPENDIX B

REVISED ENERGY AUDIT FORM AND PROCEDURES

8/3/2019 RP669


A P P E N D I X I

E N E R G Y A N A L Y S I S P R O C E D U R E S

PRELIMINARY ENERGY USE AND WALK-THROUGH DATA

Table of Contents

Preface I_2

Preliminary Energy U s e 1-3

Building Characteristics 1-3

Energy Performance 1-6

Energy and Cost Indices 1-6

Walk-Through Data 1-11

Space Function Analysis 1-11

BuildingData 1-14

Lighting Systems Data 1-15

HVAC Systems Data 1-16

Special Loads 1-16

1-1

8/3/2019 RP669


8/3/2019 RP669


A P P E N D I X


P R E L I M I N A R Y E N E R G Y U S E A N A L Y S I S

B uilding Characteristics

Building ID _

Date of Audit Month Year

City.

Lat Long.

State/Province

HDD

HDD

Gross Floor Area1.

Conditioned Area1

CDD.

CDD

Zip/Postal Code

_ (Base 65 °F) For Year of Data

_ (Base 18 °C) For Year of Data

.sq.ft.

.sq.ft. Climate Zone (1-38).

Number of conditioned floors •

Year of Construction:

above grade.

Primary2

(see attached sheet)

. below grade

Secondary

Primary Building Type:3 (Check one only) HealthCare

Office

Hotel/Motel

Education

12 [Low-riseHigh-riseOther - Define

212223242529

41 |42 |43 |49 1

High-riseLow-riseConventionResortResidentialOther - D efine

Retail

Apartment 31 p323339

Low-riseHigh-riseRetirement Hom eOther - D efine

Assembly

PrimarySecondaryUniversityOther - Define

Food Services 515253545 9 £ ]

Restaurant - Full ServiceFast FoodTake OutLoungeOther-Define

Other

61

62636469

Nursing Hom e

PsychiatricClinicActive Treatment HospitalOther-Define

71 [ ] Drycleaning72737475

SupermarketGeneral MerchandiseShopping Mall Without Tenant LoadsShopping Mall Without Tenant

Lighlhg Loads76777879

• •

Shopping MallSpecialty ShopBakeryOther - D efine

81 f 1 Theatre8283848589 j

91

929394959697

99• •

Museum/GalleryChurch/SynagogueArena/GymArena/RinkOther - Define

LaboratoryWarehouseWareho use - RefrigeratedRecreation/Athletic FacilityJailTransport TerminalMulti-Bldg. Complex

Other - Define

1 Gross floor area i s a l l floor area contained within th e outside finished surface of permanent outer building walls including

basements, m echanical equipment floors and penthouses (ANSI Standard Z65.1-1980, "Construction Area'O- N o exclusions

ar e made for shafts, stairs o r atria. Conditioned area is that area provided with heating or cooling to maintain temperature

between 50°F an d 86°F (ANS1/ASHRAE Standard 105-1984).

T h e median year for construction of at least 5 1 % of h e conditioned space.

Building Type a s characterized b y a t least 5 1 % of the conditioned space.

•wwawwwwwMwaww

1-3

8/3/2019 RP669


R P P E H B t t l

E N E R G Y A N A L Y S I S P R O C E D U R E S P B E U M i m Y E M E B B Y B S E m W U K T B B B B B B B A T A

Clim ate D ata G rouped by ZonesBased on ACP Tables from ASHRAE Standard 90.1-1989

ZoneNumber

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

2122

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

HDD50Range

0

0

1-1000

1-1000

1-1000

1-1000

1-1000

1-1000

1-1000

1-1000

1-1000

1-1000

1-1000

1-1000

1-1000

1-1000

1-1000

1-1000

1001-1750

1001-1750

1001-17501001-1750

1001-1750

1001-1750

1751-2600

2601-3200

1751-3200

1751-3200

1751-3200

1751-3200

3201-4000

3201-4000

4001-5000

3201-4000

4001-5000

5001-6500

2501-6500

>6500

CDD65Range

3001-4500

>4500

0-1150

0-300

0-300

301-1150

1151-2000

1151-2000

1151-2000

2001-3250

2001-3250

2001-3250

2001-3250

2001-3250

3701-4500

3251-3700

3701-4500

3251-3700

0-500

501-1150

1-1150

1151-2000

1151-2000

2001-3250

501-1150

501-1150

1-500

0-1150

1151-2000

1151-2000

501-1150

0-500

0-1150

0-1150

0-1150

0-1150

>100

>100

VSEWRange

>800

>845

560-845

>845

>845

>845

560-845

560-845

>845

560-845

560-845

>845

>845

>845

>845

>845

>845

>845

560-845

560-845

>845560-845

>845

560-845

560-845

560-845

560-845

>845

560-845

>845

560-845

560-845

560-845

>845

>845

560-845

>560

>560

CDH80Range

0-18000

0-18000

>18000

0-18000

0-18000

>18000

>18000

HDD6SRange

1-3000

>3000

1-3000

>3000

1-3000

>3000

1-3000

>3000

Example Cities

Barbers Po int Hilo, Honolulu, Lihue

Guantanamo Bay, Kwajalein, San Juan, Wake Island

Areata, North Bend

Oakland, Point Mugu, Sunnyvale

San Francisco, Santa Maria

El Toro, Long Beach, Los Angeles, San Diego

Augusta, Birmingham, Cape Hatteras, Cherry Point

Atlanta, Greenville

Fresno, Red Bluft Sacramento

Charleston, H ouston, Jackson, Ne w Orleans

Little Rock

Austin, Bakersfield, El Paso, Fort Worth, Tampa

Wichita Falls

China Lake, Las Vegas, Tucson

Miami, West Palm Beach

Brownsville, Corpus Christi, Orlando, Kingsville

Laredo, Yuma

Phoenix

Olympia, Portland OR, Salem, Seattle/Tacoma

Asheville, Medford

Prescott, Winslow, Yucca FlatsCharlotte, Chattanooga, Knoxville, Raleigh,

Albuquerque, Lubbock, Oklahoma City, Roswell

Fort Smith, Memphis, Tulsa

Baltimore, Boston, Columbus, N ew York,

Akron, Chicago, Detroit, Hartford, Pittsburgh

Redmond, Yakima, Spokane

Boise, Denver, Reno, Salt Lake City

Lexington, Louisville, Saint Louis, Springfield

Dodge City, Grand Junction

Albany, Buflalo, Rapid City, Des Moines, Milwaukee

Great Falls, Helena, Missoula, Portlan ME, Sheridan

Bangor, Huron, Minneapolis, Rochester, Sioux Falls

Casper, Cheyenne, Ely, North Platte

Bryce Canyon, Eagle, Rock Springs

Bismarck, Duluth, Fargo, International Falls

Adak, Anchorage, Juneau, Kodiak, Yakutat

Beth el Fairbanks, King Salmon, Nom e, Summit

For more example cities in the U.S., see ASHRAE Standard 90.1-1989 Appendix C.

1-4

8/3/2019 RP669


A P P B I B U I

E N E R G Y A N A L Y S I S P R O C E D U R E S P R W M i m Y B i m Y U S E N m w m - m u i U G H D m

i»amimm«i«» nmmmwamiumim •""•'•"'"»<^»'""^»»™I»«»»«ITOUIM~..»^^

Preliminary Building Usage Period4

Average Hours/Week Average Weeks/Year -

Average Number of Occupants After Hours Cleaning (y/n)during Normal Occupied Period

Total Building Usage Schedule


Days

Hour Open

Hour ClosePeak no. of employees


Peak no.' of customers

Avg. no. of customers

M T W Th F Sat Sun Hoi


Days

Hour Open

Hour Close






4 Usage for at least 51% of the conditioned space.

8/3/2019 RP669



APPENDIX/

PREUMINARYEHERGYUSEANDWALK-TMWUGH

Energy Performance Summary

ENERGY TYPE

ELECTRICITY

NATURAL GAS

STEAM

H O T WATER

CHILLED WATER

OIL#

PROPANE

COAL

OTHER

TOTALANNUAL

USE

UNITS CONVERSIONMULTIPLIER

T o Thousands BtuSee Next Page

THOUSANDSO F BTU

(KBTU)

A

TOTALANNUAL

COST ($)

BIf other than $ U S , average currency unit per $US conversion rate for past year.

Energy and Cost Indices

Energy Index (A + Gross Floor Area)

Cost Index (B -*- Gross Floor Area)

Seasonal Maximum metered electrical demand

Summer kW or kVA (C) Winter. kWor

kBTU/sq.ft./yr.

. $/sq.ft./yr.

kVA(D)

Maximum Demand Index (MAX of C or D X 1,000 -^ Gross Floor Area),(MAX of C or D X 1,000 -s- Conditioned Area).

,W/sq.ft.W/sq.ft.

TOTAL WATER USE . kGal/yr or CuFt/yr $/yr.

Further Analysis recommended? Y/N,Explain

1-6

8/3/2019 RP669



A P P E N D I X I

P R E L I M I N A R Y E H E R G Y U S E A N D W A L K T H R O U G H D A T A

M ultipliers for Conversionto Thousands ofBtu

(Ref ASHRAE Standard 105-1984 for unusual fuels)

Fuel

Electricity

Natural Gas

Purchased Steam

Purchased Hot Water

Purchased Chilled Water

Oil #2

Oil #6

Propane

Anthracite Coal

Measured Units

kW h

mW h

CCF

MCF

Therm

Cu. Meter

GigaJoule

1000 BTU1000 lbs.Therm

1000 BT U

1000 BT U

Ton Hour

US GallonImp. GallonLiter

US GallonImp. GallonLiter

US Gallon

LiterImp. Gallon

Ton

Conversion Multiplier

3.413

3413

103

1030

100

36.4

947.8

1.0

1000100

1.0

1.0

12.0

13916736.7

154

185

40.7

91.6

24.2110

25,400

1-7

8/3/2019 RP669


A P P E N D I X !

E N E R G Y A N A L Y S I S P R O C E D U R E S*m a

Energy(Check one in each column, where applicable)

T Y P E

Electricity

Natural Gas

Purchased Steam

Purchased Hot Water

Purchased Chilled Water

Water

Oil

Propane

Other

UNITS

kW hmWh

CCF

M CFThermsCu. MetersGigaJoules

1000 BT U

1000 Lbs.

Therms

1000 BT U

1000 BT UTon Hours

kGal

US Gal

I m p . GalLiters

US GalI m p . GalLiters

(Define units')

Serves More Than 5 % of Total

Heating FuelCooling FuelDomestic Water Heating FuelKitchen Cooking Equipment

Laundry EquipmentOther Processing Equipment

Energy Type (from above)

Primary Secondary

1-8

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A P P E N D I X !

P R t t m M R Y M R G Y U S E a N D W M - T H R O U G H D m

Metered Consumption fo r Meter #

Fuel Type

METERING PERIODDAY/MONTH/YEAR

To # of days

T A * O 1

UtiHty Con

Applicable

Schedule IS

CONSUMPTION

Unitss

lpany

Rate

umber

"E"IFESTIMATE

h

ELECTRICITY ONLY

kWkVA

Measured

Demand

kW

Billed

Demand

C O S T 6- 7

Consumptions

Demand $ TotalS

5CCF, therms, kWh, gal, etc.

6 Costs should include tax, fees, contract charges, etc.7 If other than SUS currency, enter exchange rate on page 1-6.

1-9

8/3/2019 RP669


A P P E N D I X


Delivered Consumption f o r Fuel

DELIVERY

DATE

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

S

9

10

1 !

12

13

14

15

16

17

IS

19

20

USE OF

INVENTORY

TOTAL

CONSUMPTION

DELIVERY

AMOUNT

c

TOTAL

COST7

D

ENERGY

TYPE

OIL#l

OIL #2

OIL#4

OIL#5L

OIL #6

PROPANE

COAL

OTHER

UNITS

US GAL

IMP GAL

LITERS

;TONS

(DEFINE

UNITS)

SERVES MORE THAN 5% OF:

Heating Fuel

Cooling Fuel

Electric Generator Fuel

Domestic Hot Water Fuel

Kitchen Equipment

Laundry Equipment

Other Processing Equipment

INVENTORY:

A T DATE 0

INVENTORY:

365 DAYS AFTER DATE 0 .

USE OF INVENTORY (A-B) _COST OF INVENTORY USED_

(C)x LATEST PRICE

(A)

( B )

_(D)

7 Ifother than $ U S currency, enter exchange rate on page 1-6.

1-10

8/3/2019 RP669



A P P E N D I X

P R E U M I N A R Y E N E R G Y U S E A N D W A L K - T H R O U G H D A T A

W A L K - T H R O U G H D A T A

S pace Function A nalysis

Bunding ID.

SPACENUMBER8

FUNCTIONTYPE9

CONDITIONED

AREA.SF

USAGEFOR

SPACE10

HRS/WK

WKS/YR

PRINCIPAL

LIGHTINGTYPE

PRINCIPAL

TERMINALHVAC TYPE

A B C D E F UNACCOUNTED

Function Tvpe

Auditorium1 Auditorium

Corridor2 Corridor

Classroom/Lecture Hall3 Classroom/Lecture Hall

Electrical/Mechanical EquipmentRoom

4 General5 Control Room

FoodService6 Fast Food/Cafeteria7 Leisure Dining8 B ar/Lounge9 Kitchen

Recreation/Lounge10 Recreational/Lounge

Stair11 Active Traffic12 Emergency Exit

Toilet and Washroom

13 Toilet and Washroom

Garage14 Auto and Pedestrian

Circulation15 Parking Area

Laboratory16 Laboratory

Library17 Audio Visual18 Stack Area19 Card Filing & Cataloguing20 Reading Area

Lobby (General)21 Reception and Waiting22 Elevator Lobbies

Atrium (Multi-Story)23 First 3 Floors24 Each A dditional Floor

Locker Room and Shower

25 Locker Room and Shower

Offices (Partitions > 4 .5 ft belowceiling) Enclosed offices, all o penplan offices w ithout partitions orwith partitions lower than 4.5 ftbelow the ceiling.

26 Reading, Typing & Filing27 Drafting28 Accounting

Offices (Partitions 3.5 - 4.5 ftbelow ceiling) Open plan offices900 ft2 or larger with partitions3.5 to 4.5 ft below th e ceiling.

29 R eading, Typing & Filing30 Drafting31 Accounting

8 Separate Zones with at least 10% of conditioned space.9 Major Space Function Types

10 See detailed Usage Schedule, page 1-13

1-11

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M P P E H D O t l

P R E U M I N W E H E R G Y U S E A H D m L K - T H R O U G H D J I T A

Offices (P artitions <3.5 ft belowceiling) Op en plan offices 9 00 ft2

or larger with partitions higherthan 3.5 ft below th e ceiling.Offices less than 9 00 ft2 shall usetypes 26,27 , or 28.

Common Activity Area s

35 Conference/Meeting Room36 Computer/Office

Equipment37 Inactive Filing38 Mail Room

Shop (No n-Industrial)39 M achinery40 Electrical/Electronic41 Painting42 Carpentry43 Welding

Storage & Warehouse44 Inactive Storage45 Bulky Active Storage46 Fine Active Storage47 Material Handling

Unlisted Space48 Unlisted Space

Airport, Bus & Rail Station49 Baggage Area50 Concourse/Main Thruway51 Ticket Counter52 Waiting & Lounge Area

Bank53 C ustomer Area54 Banking A ctivity Area

Barber & Beauty Parlor

55 Barber & Beauty Parlor

Church, Synagogue, Chapel56 Worship/Congregational57 Preaching & Sermon/Choir

Dormitory58 B edroom59 Bedroom with Study60 Study Hall

Fire & Police Department61 Fire Engine Room62 Jail Cell

Hospital/Nursing Home63 Corridor

64 Dental Suite/Exam/Treatment

65 Emergency66 Laboratory67 Lounge/Waiting Room68 Medical Supphes69 Nursery70 Nurse Station71 Occiu/Physical Therapy72 Patient Room73 Pharmacy74 Radiology

Surgery & O .B . Suites75 General Area76 Operating Room77 R ecovery

Hotel/Conference Center78 Banquet/Multipurpose

Room

79 B athroom/Powder Room80 Guest Room81 Public Area82 Exhibition hall83 Conference/Meeting84 Lobby85 Reception Desk

Laundry86 Washing87 Ironing & Sorting

Museum & Gallery88 General Exhibition89 Inspection/Restoration90 Inactive Artifacts Storage91 Active Artifacts Storage

Post Office92 Lobby93 Sorting & Mailing

Service Station/Auto Repair94 Service Station

Theater95 Performance Arts96 M otion Picture97 Lobby

Retail Establishments(Merchandising & CirculationArea) App licable to all lighting,

including accent and displaylighting, installed inmerchandising and circulationareas.

98 Type A (MassMerchandising)

99 Type B (Service Retail)100 Type C (Mixed Use Retail)101 Type D (Specialty Shop)102 Type E (Fine Merchandise)103 Type F (Service

Establishment)104 Mall Concourse

Retail Support105 Tailoring106 Dressing/Fitting Room s

All Sports107 Seating Area

Badminton108 Club109 Tournament

Basketball/Volleyball110 Intramural111 College112 Professional

Bowling113 Approach Area114 Lanes

Boxing/Wrestling (Platform)115 Amateur116 Professional

Gymnasium117 General Exercise &

Recreation

Handball/Racquetball/Squash118 Club119 Tournament

Ice Hockey120 Amateur121 College/Professional

Skating Rink122 Recreational123 Exhibition/Professional

Swimming124 Recreational125 Exhibition126 Underwater

Tennis127 Recreational (C lass ffl)128 Club/College (Class H)129 Professional (Cla ss I)

Table Tennis130 Club131 Tournament

HVAC Types(from page 1-16)

30 Single Zone31MuI t iZone32 Dual Duct33 V ariable Air Volume34 Reheat Coils35 Fan C oil Units36 E lectric Resistance37 Packaged Terminal Air

Conditioner38 Economizer39 Steam/Hot W ater Radiator/

Convector

Lighting Types

1 Fluorescent

2 Incandescent3 Mercury Vapor4 Sodium5 Metal Halide6 Other

1-12

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APPEND IX

ENERGY AH HIYS IS PROCEDURES mUMimYmBBYBSEAHOWUMTHHOUBHam

Detailed Usage Schedule

(OPTIONAL)

Usage Schedule for Major Space Types

Space Type


Days

Hour Open

Hour Close

Peak n o . of employees


Peak n o . of customers




Days

Hour Open

Hour Close

Peak n o . of employees


Peak n o . of customers



1-13

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A P P E N D I X I

E N E R G Y A N A L Y S I S P R O C E D U R E S P B E U M I M A B Y E N E R G Y U S E A M D W m i U B O O G B D A T A

mmsaai

Building Data

GROSS CONDITIONED AREA

Gross Heated Only;

sq.ft.Gross Cooled Only sq.ft.Gross Heated and Cooled . sq.ft.

BUILDING SHELL CHARACTERISTICS

Total Exposed Above Grade Wall Area (sf) Insulated? Y/N

Glazing area (% of exposed wall area) Insulated? Y/N

Roof area (sf) Insulated? Y/N

Floor surface area exposed to outdoor conditions (sf) . Insulated? Y/N

Above grade wall area common with other

conditioned building (sf)

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE

Discuss/describe operation and maintenance procedures pertaining to building energy efficiency orlongevity.

1-14

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U P P E M D I K I

E N E R G Y A H A I Y S I S P R O C E D U R E S P B W m m Y a i m Y U S t m w U K - n H O U B H D m

Lighting Systems Data

Average installed load including ballast in more than 51 % w/sq.ft.

of occupied space

Switched Accessible to more than 51% of occupants Y/N?

Special Automatic Controls Y/N?

Major Lighting Types1 = Fluorescent2 = Incandescent3 = Mercury Vapor4 = Sodium5=MetalHalide6 = Other

.

% of Occupied Area

1-15

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A P P E N D I X

E N E R G Y A N A I Y S I S P R O C E D U R E S

H eating, Ventilating, and A ir Co nditio ning S ystem D ata

Check all that apply in a significant w a y (affect > 5 % of floor area or energy consumption)

Primary Cooling10 Centrifugal Chiller1 1 Reciprocating Chiller •12 Screw Chiller1 3 Absorption Chiller14 Cooling Tower1 5 Package DX16 Split DX

Primary Heating20 Hot W ater Boiler21 Steam Boiler22 Furnace23 Ground Source Heat Pump24 Air Source Heat Pump

AHU/Terminal Systems30 Single Zone31 Mufti Zone32 Dual Duct33 Variable A ir Volume3 4 Reheat Coils35 Fan Coil Units

36 Electric Resistance37 Packaged Terminal Air

Conditioner38 Economizer39 Steam/Hot Water Radiator/

Convector

Other50 Cogeneration5 1 Energy Monitoring and

Control System52 On-site Generation53 Active Solar Equipment54 Energy Recovery

55 Thermal Storage5 6 Humidifiers/Dehumidifiers5 7 Dessicant System58 Evaporative Cooling59 Other

Define

[1 ]

[ ]

S p ecial LoadsSignificant Energy Requirements not normally associated with this building type (for example:unconditioned Parking Garage Lighting, Ventilation, Outdoor Heated Pool, Snow M elting,Extensive Outdoor Lighting, Process)

Describe Peak Load

kW kBTU/hr

A v g . Load

kW kBTU/hr

Operating

Hrs/Wk

Period

Wks/Yr

Meter

Number

1-16

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A P P E N D I X I I



Table of Contents

Preface n -2

Envelope Characteristics II-3

Lighting System Characteristics II-4

HVAC Systems Characteristics II-5

Inventory of Major HVAC Equipment II-6

Domestic Hot Water Characteristics II-7

Other Systems Characteristics II-8

n-i

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A P P E N D I X I I

E N E R G Y A N A L Y S I S P R O C E D U R E S B U I I D I N B A M D S Y S T E M S I N F O R M A T W HM M M M M M I M M M M ^

Preface

The forms in this section are intended to provide general guidance in preparing a report on theanalysis of the building and its systems. It is not uncommon for the final report t o be disseminatedto and used by people with a wide variety of interests, including finance, management, operation ,maintenance, and engineering. Therefore, within practical constraints of time an d budget, theanalyst is encouraged to be as thorough and clear as possible in collecting and presenting themeasured data and the descriptions thereof.

H-2

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E N E R G Y A N A L Y S I S P R O C E D U R E Sm m u m m m m u u m a u u M m m l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l NI H i n i «

O P P E M D U I I

B U I U U N B M D S Y S T B H S t H H U U U T I M

E nvelope Characteristics

Building I D .


ConstructionCode

RV alue Glass ShadingCoefficient

Area (sq.ft.)

(Include m iniature building floor plan, showing orientation)

Construction Type Codes

WallsWO = OtherWl=Wo o dW2 = MasonryW3 = Concrete, Above GradeW4 = Concrete, Below GradeW 5= MetalW6 = StoneW7 = GlassW8 = Adjacent Building

DoorsDO = OtherD l = Solid WoodD2 = Hollow WoodD3 = Uninsulated MetalD4 = Metal, Insulated CoreD5 = G lass (<85% )

RoofsR0 = OtherR l = Concrete DeckR2 = WoodDeckR3 = MetalDeck

WindowsSash TypeGO = OtherFixed, Wood Sash:

G l 1 = Single Glaze G21 = Double Glaze

Operable, Wood Sash:G12 = Single Glaze G22 = Double Glaze

Fixed, Metal Sash:G13 = Single Glaze G23 = Double Glaze

Operable, Metal Sash:G14 = Single Glaze G24 = Double Glaze

n-3

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A P P i N O U U

B U I I D I N G A N D S Y S T E M S I N F O R M A T WHmmmrmttm

L ighting S ystem Characteristics

Describe in detail, include typical ceiling plans. Utilize space function format.(Refer to page 1-11)

Typical watts/sq.ft. • Operating schedules

Types of controls • Operating and maintenance problems

Typical watts/sq.ft. Installed, by type of light source (Refer to page 1-15)

Light levels, footcandles (fc), 3 feet above floor, without daylight

% of lamps not functioning

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M P P EM DUU

BUIIDINGANDSYSTIMSINFOBMRWHBSSffl

H VA C S ystem Characteristics

Describe in detail, including floor plans

• Fuel Source

• Fuel Conversion Equipment

• Distribution Method

• Terminal Type

• Equipment Capacity

and sketches.

• Control Description and Setting

• Operating Periods

• Space Temperature Setting and Setback

• Operating and Maintenance Problems

Heating System

Cooling System

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jwpaauuE N E R G Y A H A I Y S I S P R O C E D U R E S BUILDIHG W D S Y S T E M S IH F O H M A T W H

I nvento ry o f M a jo r H VA C E quipm ent

This table format is intended as a guide. The information collected on systems need not berestricted to the format or categories below.

Designation Location Model/Type

Size Capacity Serves OperatingHours/Yr.

Remark

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appifinuiiE N E R G Y A K f lL Y S I S P R O C E D U R E Sm m m m m m m a m m m m z m m m m m m a m m m m s s s s s s

Domestic H ot Water System Characteristics

Describe in detail

• Fuel Source

• Storage

• Hours Operated

• Distribution

• Hours Required

Domestic Hot Water System

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M P P i m u uE N E R G Y A N A L Y S I S P R O C E D U R E S B U I I D I H B A N D S Y S T E M S N F O R M A T I O N

Other System Characteristics

Describe in detail, include schematics as needed. Include any operating and maintenanceproblems.

Laundry

Food Preparation

Conveying System (Elevators, etc.)

Other

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E N E R G Y A N A L Y S I S P R O C E D U R E S E H E B G Y A N / U Y S I S S U M M A R Y A N D R E C O M M E H D A T I O N S

Preface

The forms in this section are intended to report the results of the calculations andrecomm endations of the analyst. The forms provide a breakdown of energy use and cost bysystem components as well as recommendations for modifications. System interaction must beproperly accounted for when combining more than one modification. The economics of eachmodification may vary, depending upon the order in which they are accomplished.

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A P P E N D U I U

E N E R G Y A N A L Y S I S P R O C E D U R E S E N E R G Y A N A L Y S I S S U M M A R Y A N D R E C O M M E N D A T I O N S

E nergy A nalysis S um m ary

Building ID


Actual Use A

Target1 B

"Technical" Potential Savings C(A-B)

Savings from Measures Recommended Dfor Implementation (see attached)

Remaining Technical Potential Savings Eto be Defined (C-D)

Realistically Achievable Potential FSavings still to be Defined

Total Achievable Savings(D+F)

KBTU/SQ.FT./YR.

$/SQ.FT./YR. $/YR.

Cost of Next Stage in Analysis $ (G)

Cost of Measures Recommended (D) $ (H)

Cost to Implement Potential Savings Still tob e Defined $ (± % )(I)

Total Implementation Cost (G+H+I) $

1 Source:

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R P P E M D I X i n

E N E R G Y A N M . Y S I S P B O C E D U R E S BEmMmmimmmmuemmmmm

Recommended Energy Conservation Measures

Measure Description

1 .

2 .

3 .

4 .

5 .

6.

7 .

8.

Total

EnergyType(s)

UnitsSaved

$/Yr.Saved

Implement

ation CostExtra

Oper +MaintCost

SimplePayback(Yrs.)

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A P P E N D IX I I I

E N E R G Y A N A L Y S I S S U M M A R Y A N D R E C O M M E N D A T I O N S3SE2SSSS3E53S&S3S&3

Components ofAnnual Energy Usage

Space Heating

Space Cooling

Fans

Pumps

DHW GeneratorLighting

WithinConditioned Area.

OutsideConditioned Area

Other

Receptacles

Kitchen

Laundry

CentralComputer

Conveyance

LaboratoryEquipment

Other (describe)Unaccounted

TOTAL

Electricity

kWh 1 kBTU

Fuel

kBTU

Other

kBTU

Total

kBTU

% of Total

Usage

Total

Cost

% of Total

Cost

See fuel conversion factors page 1-7.

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APPENDIX C

LIST OF BUILDINGS ANALYZED

8/3/2019 RP669


Building idNE01NE02NE03NE04NE05NE06NE07NE08NE09

NE10NE11NE12NE13NE14NE15NE16NE17NE18

NE19NE20NE21NE22NE23NE24NE25NW01

NW02NW03NW04NW05NW06NW07NW08NW09NW10

NW11NW12NW13NW14

NW15

CitySyracuseOswegoOswegoAlexandria BaySyracuseWatertownBeaver FallsWatertwonAlbany

HarrisJohnstownAlbanyNapanochAlbanyAlbanyAlbanyAlbanyAlbanyAlbanyAlbanyAlbanyAlbanySyracuseSyracuseSyracuseIDAHO FALLS

IDAHO FALLSIDAHO FALLSIDAHO FALLSIDAHO FALLSIDAHO FALLSIDAHO FALLSIDAHO FALLSIDAHO FALLSIDAHO FALLSIDAHO FALLSVancouverRichmondPort CoqultlamVancouver

StateNYNYNYNYNYNYNYNYNY

NYNYNYNYNYNYNYNYNYNYNYNYNYNYNYNYID

IDIDID

IDID

CAIDIDIDID

BCBC

BCBC

Gross area73760297561760031092

138700306807200

3850025830

25000060635

33000048600

4318343847278168311053800667005083229388105554137820000

60003627

277205776

2160040192570

3806480009858

11700

2400213706

100600074136

110000

Heating FuelNatural Ga sNatural Ga sOil #2Oil #2Natural Ga sNatural Ga sOil #2Natural Ga s

Oil #2

Oil #6Natural Ga sOil #2Oil #6SteamOil #6Oil #6Oil #6Natural Ga sNatural Ga sNatural Ga sElectricityNatural Ga sNatural Ga sNatural Ga sElectricityNatural Ga s

Natural Ga sElectricityNatural Ga sNatural Ga sElectricityElectricityElectricityElectricityElectricityNatural Ga sNatural Ga sNatural Ga sNatural Ga sNatural Ga s

Build TypeEducation:PrimaryOfficeOfficeHeath:HospitalHeath.Nursing HomeEducation:PrimaryAsnr.Church/SynagoguAptrOtherAsmrOther

Heath:HospitalOfficeEducation.SecondaryOthenJai!Education:OtherAsm:Arena/RinkAsm:Arena/GymOthenTransport TermRetailiGeneral Ms e

Lodging:MotelRetail: OtherHealth:ClinicFood:RestaurantAsm:Churcn/SynagoguOfficeOfficeFood:Fast Food

Retail:SupermarketRetailiGeneral MseFood:RestaurantFood:RestaurantFood:Fast FoodOfficeOfficeOfficeHealth:ClinicHealth:OtherHeatrr.HospitalOthenOtherEducation:SecondaryAsrruTheatre

Energy Cost ($/sq ft/yr) Energy Use (kBTU/sq$0.76$2.16$0.79$2.58$1.81$0.50$0.23$0.42$0.59

$2.04$0.58$1.74$2.41$1.83$0.27$0.38$1.95$1.24$1.63$1.71$2.49$6.67$0.79$2.30$1.19$2.05

$2.63$1.26$2.69$6.17$3.34$0.40$1.42$0.58$0.97$0.36

$0.92$1.80$0.80

$1.37

97.65126.36128.84222.27201.8355.9530.7763.9892.68

367.2880.37161.17430.28262.4363.14119.27396.4163.18

149.76111.49119.30452.0584.69152.9728.70311.08

285.81107.07379.49878.42354.4934.28123.0041.9974.2829.67

133.86254.29

109.66143.59

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Building idse06se07se08se09se10sellse12se13se14se15se16se17se18se19se20se21se22se23se24se25

CitvBluefieldAlexandriaRodantheLenoirHickoryStatesvilleDavidsonAtlantic BeachElon CollegeHomesteadCullowheeMisenheimerSpartaCorneliusBanner ElkShallotteLexingtonJacksonvilleBurgawDurham

StateWVVANCNCNCNCNCNCNCFLNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNC

Gross area62892570936500

460003654611570032960340007300023314817851304737007900

868877425

234909800027556

116214

Heating FuelNatural GasNatural GasElectricityElectricityNatural GasNatural GasElectricityOil #2Natural GasOil #2Oil #6ElectricityPropaneElectricityOil #2ElectricityOil #2ElectricityOil #2Coal

Build Type Energy Cost ($/sq ft/yr) Energy Use (kBTU/sqOfficeOtherrOtherRetail:SupermarketOtherOtherHeath:HospitaIAsm:OtherRetaiLSupermarketAsm:OtherEducation:UniversityAsm:OtherAptrOtherAsnr.Church/SynagoguFood:Fast FoodRetail:General MseHeath:HospitalFood:RestaurantRetail:Shopping MallRetail.-General MseEducation-PrimaryHeath:Hospital

$2.02$1.05$0.32$2.05$2.26$3.44$3.30$1.55$1.10$3.31$0.60$0.61$7.89$0.76$2.13$3.09$1.97$1.33$1.06$3.78

198.6864.0112.56110.05317.78265.47197.0074.37100.86194.05127.817.60

496.4840.44274.78102.05106.1163.7399.82

255.58

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APPENDIX D

COMM ENTS BY AUDITORS

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P R E L IM IN A R Y C O M M E N T S O N A S H R A E E N E R G Y A U D IT F O R M

Jerome Hay and Mohd Mateen

S U D A S S O C IA T E S , P .A .

GENERAL COMMENTS

1 . The energy audit form takes about four to five man hours to fill out the complete information.Most of the information collected during the energy audit and during the development of energyconservation measures a re included in the form . Therefore this form can be modified in theform of an energy audit report to avoid repetition of work.

2. The form in its present size is too big to be used in a database. The contents of the presentform have to be reduced so that it can be used in the database. From this form , the part forthe database has to be separated from the energy audit report.

3. The energy audit form has extensive information on the present energy usage but very less

information on energy conservation m easures. Expect for brief title of the energy conservationmeasures, description of these measures are not given any where in the report.

4. As a part of energy usage, the average price of different fuels used is not available in thereport. Enough information is available in the report about the fue l usage to calculate theaverage prices of different fuels used. But the actual price of different fuels as charged by thefuel suppliers is not available in the form .

5. At most places in the form , the units to be reported are not mentioned and are sometimesconfusing. The use of MBTU and KB TU within the same form is confusing. MBTU is oftenused for 1000 BTU in the industry, so its use here should be clarified or eliminated.

6. A comprehensive guide has to be provided in filling out these form s. The present guide

accompanying the energy audit form does not provide clear understanding as to what is neededin the forms. The problems that we re encoun tered while completing the form are discussed inthe accompanying section.

PRELIMINARY ENERGY USE ANALYSIS

PAGE I-3

1. Is the time period mentioned for the building same as that of electricity usage period.

2. While describing the location of the b uilding, the state in which the building is located should bementioned.

3. In order to compare and normalize data from around the country, more information on locationand wea ther conditions may be necessary. Heating and Cooling Degree Days may besatisfactory. Average and extreme tempe ratures, hum idities, and insolation would be nice, butprobably excessive at this level.

4. Another wa y of classifying building type is by the use of SIC num bers. These codes describe indetail the building operation.

8/3/2019 RP669


PAGE 1-7

1. Oil as fuel source is not men tioned. Com ment has to be made that only primary fuel has bereported as energy source for heating/cooling/DHW/etc.

PAGE I-8

1. Spac e has to be provided for writing units below the con sum ption. After the units, the nu mberfor note 1 should be printed.

2. The average price of the fuel should be calculated and the price of the fuel as given by theutility company be reported.

PAGE I-9

1. In case this page is used, a note should be written whether the total consumption wasestimated or from actual bills.

WALK-THROUGH DATA

PAGE MO

1. It is not clear why there are two columns of space function types and if there is any intendeddifference between the two.

2. Th e space function types should be numbered to simplify input into the table. Do these type shas to be from the table below.

3. Thirty space function types are mentioned in the table. The first column has 30 entries, theseco nd has 9. Wh at is intended?

4. What is the source of these space types? Perhaps they should be standardized with ASH RAEStandard 90.1-1989, which identifies space types primarily with lighting density characteristics in

mind.

5. W ould a mote l room be considered "sleeping", "living area", have a specific space type for it?

6. It may be more instructive for normalizing the data to have spac e type floor areas broken downby percent of total instead of SF . It may be helpful to have both.

7. The re should be separate rows for conditioned and unconditioned floor areas within the spacefunction typ e. Is the definition of conditioned area same as given on page I-3.

8. Option al information for HVA C and lighting should either be put into tabular form here, or leftuntil the m ore thoroug h sections in Section II. The format prese nted on this page is confusingand would be difficult to input into a database in a meaningful way. For the lighting, the typesor only the w/s q. ft. for each space be reported.

PAGE 1-11

1. Not clear what top chart and bottom chart should represent, with the top one stating "OptionalUsag e Sc hedu le". If used by space typ e, then the preliminary schedu le on I-4 is redundant.This detailed level of information is not normally recorded for low level 2 analysis.

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PAGE 1-13

1. Perhaps this information should be incorporated into a Space Function type of format, similar to,or included with, sheet 1-10. This way lighting for each space type could be compared with thecriteria set up in Standard 90.1-1989, particularly if the Space Function format is the same as in

90.1-1989.

PAGE 1-14

1. Doe sn't include DX cooling, either split or packaged. Also doesn't include split heat pump. In

case all the system names cannot be mentioned, then space can be provided to enter type ofthe system.

BUILDING SYSTEMS AND INFORMATION

PAGE II-3

1. Wall areas not always available for low level II analysis.

PAGE II-6

1. Not enough space in chart, as presented, to write requested information.

2. The m ode l should include manufacturer's name, model number and serial number. Explanationis needed for describe the size and capacity of the equipment. Sh ould have space to reportunits used.

PAGE II-8

1. Should include space for Exhaust Systems.


PAGE IH-3

1. What is the difference between "cost of measures recommended" and "cost to implement"?Inconsistent labeling of blanks with letters. Perhaps it should state "Cost to ImplementRealistically Achievab le P otential Savings Still to Be D efined (F)", with its corresponding blank

on the right being labeled (I).

2. Wh at should units for "Realistically Achievable Potential Savings and P ossible R ange" be? Itshould be shown on form to provide for consistent results.

3. Instead of "Total Rem aining Implementation Cost", it should simply state "Total ImplementationCost".

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PAGE 111-4

1. Need more room for reporting of savings of more than one fuel in a single measure along withspace to input un its. In case there are more than six modifications, similar table is neededbelow.

2. Some energy conservation modifications results in extra usage of certain fuel. These usageshould be shown.

PAGE III-5

1. In the component of electricity usage, kwh should be reported as the unit.

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PRELIMINARY COMMENTS ON ASHRAE ENERGY AUDIT FORM

Ish SudSUD ASSOCIATES

PREUM INARY ENERGY USE ANALYSIS

Page No.

1-3 (a) Primary year of construction may not be available for older buildings that haveundergone several additions and renovations. Perhaps an option to provide a rangeshould be available.

1-4 (a) Wh at is meant by the term "Optional Usage Sche dule" above the first table?

1-4 (b) The instructions should specify if the hours include regular cleaning and custodial wo rk.

I-8 (a) Exact metering dates may not be available.

WALK-THROUGH DATA

1-10(a) The table should be able to accommod ate more than four space types. Even a mode stbuilding is likely to have at least four .space types (e.g., office, lobby, corridor,mechanical/electrical).

1-10(b) The space names should be numbered.

1-10(c) Provide a place to list space types not included in the list (Other ).

l-12(a) A part of the wall or glass may be insulated. Instead of Y/N, we may want to ask "%

insulated."

1-14(a) Need to provide space to mark a simple DX split system.

1-14(b) Need to provide space for including systems not included in the list. (Other )

BUILDING SYSTEMS AND INFORMATIONS

II-3 (a) . In addition to the "Are a" column , we should provide space for "% ." (This is moreimportant for entering previous audits onto forms, because wall areas may not havebeen calculated.)

11-6 (a) This table is very inadequ ate. It needs a major redesign.

8/3/2019 RP669


ENERGY ANALYSIS SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATION

ill-3 (a) This table is confusing. What should go into Line (I)? Into (+ %)?

111-4 (a) Electrical savings should also include a space for KWD savings.

Ill—4 (b) Some ECMs will involve more than one type of fuel. For example, lighting mods willsave KWH and KWD while increasing the heating fuel usage.

111-4 (c) What is the purpose of the intermediate combined effects? (e.g., combined effect o f 1,2,3)

III-4 (d) Need more space in each row to accommodate more than one fuel type. Also need

rows to accommodate more than 5 ECMs.

Ill—5 (a) Since cooling can involve electrical demand, allocating its cost may be quite involved.

Ill—5 (b) Need to include space for electricalusage (KWH).

8/3/2019 RP669


PREUMINARY COMMENTS ON AHSRAE ENERGY AUDIT RFORM

Jay ParkarinenADM ASSOCIATES, INC.

The present format of combined report guide and database entry form was confusing to me. It wa sdifficult to determine which information is intendent as a report instruction and which information isintended to be entered in the database. The rep ort guide and database entry form should be separatedocuments.

The concept of energy analysis levels is good, but in the present format forces the user to input samedata in several places. Maybe this can be addressed if a separate data entry form for each ana lysislevel is provided.

GENERAL COMMENTS

The que stions and data tables need more explanation and refinement. Also , the units to be used ineach answer shou ld be defined. Below I have noted some problems encountered while completing theform. Again, the major problem was to interpret each question - is for database or is this intended asreport guideline?

PREUMINARY ENERGY USE ANALYSIS

Gen eral: Collect square footage data by heated , cooled and unconditioned area.

Pag e 1-3 Is the time period "19 - 19 " for billing period?

Page I-4 How are the schedule months entered , in a list format?

Page I-4 In the schedule table - is closed indicated by 0-0?Page I-4 Form at of operating hours "24 hr" or "A M , PM " format?Page I-7 How is the table on this page used?Page I-7 How are dual fuels entered? Ex. kitchen equipment is 50% electric, 50% gas .Page I-9 Sam e comments as page I-7.

WALK-THROUGH DATA

Page 1-10 Wh at is the purpose of time period "19 - 1 9 " in this section?Page 1-10 Any function types entered as names or codes?Page 1-10 Space type codes are referen ced, but not defined .Page 1-10 Are hours added in the total column?

Page 1-10 Wh ere is information for lighting and HVAC entered, and how is it referenced to aspace?

Page 1-11 How are these schedules referenced to different space areas?Page 1-12 Is glazing insulation referring to the window frame insulation?Page 1-13 Doe s occupied space refer to all non-vacant space?Page 1-13 Lighting percentages per occupied areas is complicated to calculate. Ex. A building

has fluorescent (25 kW) and incandescent (10KW) lighting throughout the building.How is this entered?

8/3/2019 RP669


Page 1-14 Missing equipment Package DX , Evaporative Cooler, etc.

BUILDING SYSTEMS AND INFORMATION

Page II-3 Wh at is the purpose of time period "19 -19 " in this section?Page I1-4 How is the information in this section entered in the database ?Page H-5 How is the information in this section entered in the database?Page II-6 Define the "Mo del" - is it manufacturer's model number?Page II-6 Is the "Size " the physical size of the unit?

Page II-6 Wh at are the units of capacity?Page il-6 Are operating hours/year full load hours or available hours?Page II-6 If a building has 20 3-ton units, are these entered one on each line?Page II-7 Wh at is referenced by DH W distribution?Page II-7 Are hours reported per day or per year?Page II-8 Whe re is refrigeration, office and other comm on equipment described?


Pag e III—3 Unclea r wh at is included in cost to implem ent.Page III—3 Als o unclear on two last item s on this pag e.Page III-5 Electricity should be reported in KWh on this page instead of KB TU .

8/3/2019 RP669


PREUMINARY COMMENTS ON ASHRAE ENERGY AUDIT FORM

THE FLEMING GROUP, P.A.

PREUMINARY ENERGY USE ANALYSIS

PAGE 1-4

Buildings are typically closed for selected weeks rather than months.

PAGE 1-5

Taking information on water consumption is a good idea. It has never been in the scope of work on ourEnergy Studies, so I cannot fill it out.

PAGE 1-6

The conversion factors should be incorporated into the table on Page 1-5.


PAGE 111-4

An additional column is needed for BTU savings so that they can be added up and placed on Page 111—3.

8/3/2019 RP669


Comments On ASHRAE Energy Audit Form and Database

GENERAL

In our review of the audit form, we have attempted to be as critical as possible in order to provide insighton possible improvements to the form. We have also attempted to provide input from a Canadianperspective.

The comments are broken down by page number. Comments regarding the database follow.

FORMAT

Although the design of the form is set up so that different levels of analysis can be carried out, thedrawback is that there is significant repetition throughout theaudit form. Specific examples are providedin this document. Perhaps a sectional breakdown with general, building, energy, lighting, and mechanicalwould prevent this overlap.

The form seems to have multiple purposes:1. to determine whether or not to proceed with an energy analysis

2. to provide a comparison to other buildings

3. to be used as a tool for data collection

4. to be used for reporting and executive summary

5. to be an input form for a database

6. to provide recommendations

. Given the above, the form may be trying to do too much. An alternative may be to separate the "EnergyAudit Form " from "Energy Audit Procedures" so that the Form can be used for data entry and the

Procedures can be used as a guide. The final section of the form incorporates elements of an "EnergyStudy" th at would typically be based on an analysis of the facility and not just the audit.

Notwithstanding any of the above, our comments apply to the document in the current format. A title pagefor the entire document outlining how the sections fit ogether may be useful. At a minimum, the followingdata should be shown:

Energy Analysis Procedures

Section I

Preliminary Energy Use

Walk Through Data

Section II

Building an d System Information

Section III

Energy Analysis andSummary Recommendations

Prism Engineering Ltd. 1

8/3/2019 RP669



SECTION I - PRELIMINARY ENERGY USE

Page 1-3

• Provide a metric option for HDD with an 18°C base.• We question the use of CDD as a m easure of cooling requirements, especially in cooler Canadian

climates.• Provide a definition of conditioned floor area as a footnote. For example, are heated garages included

in conditioned space?

Page 1-4

• What is the difference between "occupants" in the top part of the form and "employees, customers" inthe usage table. These entries are repetitive.

• Average hours/week should be derived from usage table.• 24 hour time is recommended for usage schedule.• After hours cleaning may be an appropriate input.

Page 1-5

• Should the data be for the most recent complete year? Most recent 12 months? A base year? Anaverage of 3 years?

• Add units of energy type to table.• Adding energy costs into database for Canadian sites may be misleading because costs a re in Canadian

dollars. Database will have to differentiate currencies.• Should costs include total billed, which will may include taxes and other municipal charges?• Use of ekWh/ftVyr is more predominant in Canada than kBTU/ftVyr as an energy index.• Define winter/summer months for the demand entries. How do you handle the swing seasons?• There are too many indices. Decide on an area to use (gross or conditioned) throughout.• The 'further analysis' question appears too early in the questionnaire. Only the obvious savings

potential can be identified at this point and additional savings will almost always be feasible.

Page 1-6• Addnatural gas conversion for gigajoules (GJ) of 947.813.

Page 1-7

• Why not combine table with page 1-5.• Add GJ units for natural gas.• Keep order of energy types the same as page 1-5.

Page 1-8

• Leave line to input meter number (i.e. Meter # ).• Leave line to input fuel type at top of the units column.• Should the data be for the most recent complete year, the most recent 12 months or a base year?• # days and use per day eliminates variance in billing period.• Our province uses power factor penalties instead of KVA and so power factor is more relevant.• Demand and consumption cost breakdown was not available for our audits but could be derived from

rate.• Consider putting 2 tables of meters data per page.• It may make more sense to put the metered data before the energy summary and/or to refer to the

metered data sheets on the energy performance summary .

Prism Engineering Ltd.

8/3/2019 RP669



SECTION I - WAL K THROUGH DATA

Page 1-10

• Is this date different from audit date page 1-3 ?

• Add a row for space name (i.e. office, kitchen) instead of only function.

• ASHRAE 90.1 is categories may be too detailed (office may be a combination of 26 through 34 andnot just one of these codes).

• Lighting information should be on page I-13 and not here.

Page 1-12

• The inputting of areas is repetitive. Could this be combined with 1-10 areas?• The building shell data is detailed for a walk through audit. What purpose does it serve at this stage?

A sketch of the building, surrounding buildings, and orientation may be more useful to get anunderstanding of the environment. For example, the presence of shading devices or solar film wouldseem more beneficial than the actual glaring area.

Page 1-13

• Use space codes from page 1-10.

Page 1-14

• Sections such as cooling, heating, ventilation, and controls may improve the HVAC input section.Lighting controls does not belong.

• Clarify the definition of special loads. Is all outside lighting special or simply large amounts?• Are controls pneumatic, electric or DDC?

SECTIO N H - ENERG Y ANALYSIS PROCED URES

PageH-2

• The preface leaves the impression that this section is setting up the structure of a report. What is reallyneeded is a more detailed audit, one that is more complete than the walk through conducted in section I .This section should have the forms required to collect the data that is needed for the energy analysis.

PageII-3

• The data is used only for simulations and in that case more detail is required so is this data relevant?

• If you want building plan, a grid on 1/2 page would be useful.

Page II-4

• This page is too general: to identify the energy saving potential of the lighting systems requires moredetailed audit information.

• Need more than w/ft2: need to know how space light levels compare to code requirements.

• Use space type codes from earlier.• Lighting system characteristics collected in the audit should include:- luminaire description or spec of each typical fixture;- lighting system voltage;- typical wall, ceiling and floor surface colours and dimensions for redesigns.


8/3/2019 RP669



PageH-5

• Many of the same comments from page II-4 apply.• Need section for ventilation and for controls.• Equipment capacity overlaps with page II-6.• With this lack of structure, inconsistency will occur between people completing form.

PageII-6

• Column widths are too narrow.• For major HVAC equipment should identify drive type (constant speed or ASD ), belt type (v-belt or

synchronous) and motor type (regular, E.E.). Maybe a notes column is needed.• Consider separate table for fens, pumps and plant equipment as different information is needed.• Useful fen information would be: control, HP , CFM , motor efficiency, load factor, and driver/driven

rpm.

PageH-7

• Provide more structure by numbering items and/or providing blank spaces next to or below the topic.

• How about controls? Setpoint?• What is meant by distribution?

P a g e n - 8

• Usually beyond the scope of typical HVAC and lighting systems audit.• Are these examples of special loads on page 1-14?

SECTION m - ENERGY ANALYSIS SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS

P a g e m - 3

• Actual Use is from page 1-5.• How is the target determined?

• What happens if the entry for E is negative?• Is it not clear what is meant by cost of next stage of analysis. Is this the engineering required to

achieve implement the measures? This table is confusing and need some explanations.

• Is kBtu/frVyr be based on 'conditioned' or 'g ross' area?

P a g e m - 4

• Operator & Maintenance may be savings and no t cost (i.e. fewer lamps to replace after retrofit)• Should also allow for possibility that one measure can save more than one energy type (i.e. natural gas

and electricity).• Table is oriented towards consumption savings with no input space for peak shedding measures.• Include column for demand savings.

• More explanation of measures is required somewhere in the report.• Table is too constraining as it now appears.• Add % savings to summary table.• Column to narrow for Units Saved.

PageD3-5

• Column width not adequate.• The energy breakdown may be more suited to Section II or before the energy savings in Section H I.


8/3/2019 RP669



DATABASE

Page 1-3

• Doe sn't ask for "month" in input form, only in "ParadoxYViewYTable" o r "Add A New Building".• Can't add more than two upgrades.

• When you enter "99 - Other" there is no where to specify a description of "Other".• Building Type "F l" doesn't work.

Page 1-5

• Ca n't find "Energy and Cost Indices" output.

Page 1-7

• Only Primary appears in input form. Need to go to "Paradox\View\Tables" to enter Secondary or"Add A New Building".

• No place to enter "GJ" and no entry for "Laundry Equipment"

Page 1-8

• Consumption for "Natural Gas" has been entered in "GJ"• Date in database is ordered month/day/year but in the audit form i t is ordered day/ m onth/year.

Page 1-10

• Forced to enter something in 'T ag" field.• Doesn't ask for "Unconditioned Area" in "Add A New Building" or in database "Update", but you can .

enter it in "ParadoxYViewYTables".

Page 1-12

• Only the 1st column of shell characteristics is only in database. Both columns are in"ParadoxWiewYTables" & "Add A New Building".

Page 1-13

• When asked to press "F l" for list, it takes you to "Editing a Table" and the re's no list.• W on't allow entry at "Switch Accessible" in database. Must go into "Paradox\View\Tables" or "Add

A New Building".

• Only accepts 1 entry per building for major lighting types.

Page 1-14

• Hand-written notes are in "ParadoxWiewYTables" only and not in the input form.

• "Packaged Heat Pum ps" is not in "Add A New Building".

• Where it asks "Other" you can 't enter any description.• Incorrect unit for special loads: database uses kWh twice while audit form uses kW and KBTU.• Asks for value in 2nd entry. Can't press enter to continue, tells you to enter a 'Value" or you can press

"F l " for list. There is no list.• Will only accept 1 entry for special loads.• After entering in "Add A New Building" the entries don't show in 'Tables". You must go into

'Tab les" and re-enter in "Edit" mode.

General

It would be easier if the database entry followed th e order of the audit form. Also, it would be convenient ifthe buildings were sorted numerically instead of all l 's than all 2's etc... (i.e. 11 follows 1)


8/3/2019 RP669


APPENDIX E

SAMPLE DATABASE ANALYSES

8/3/2019 RP669


Gross area

20492188240025702728

32643627365037004019427052505776600065007200742579008000

985810555108281104011700130471561215700168001760017775199502000020678

210182160023314234902583027556277202781629388297563068030700310923160032960330003306034000358843806438500

Heating Fuel

Natural GasNatural GasNatural GasElectricityNatural Gas

Natural GasNatural GasElectricityPropaneNatural GasNatural GasNatural GasElectricityElectricityElectricityOil #2ElectricityElectricityElectricity

ElectricityNatural GasNatural GasElectricityElectricityElectricityNatural GasNatural GasNatural GasOil #2Natural GasNatural GasNatural GasElectricity

Natural GasNatural GasOil #2Oil #2Oil #2Oil #2Natural GasOil #6ElectricityNatural GasNatural GasNatural GasOil #2ElectricityElectricityNatural GasNatural GasOil #2ElectricityElectricityNatural Gas

Build Type

OfficeFood:Fast FoodHealth:OtherFood:Fast FoodRetail: Other

Food:OtherFood:Fast FoodHealthrOtherFood:Fast FoodFood:RestaurantFood:RestaurantRetail: OtherRetail:GeneralMseOfficeRetail:SupermarketAsm:Church/SynagoguFood:RestaurantRetail:GeneralMseOffice

OfficeFood:RestaurantRetail:SupermarketOfficeHealth:ClinicAsnrChurch/SynagoguOfficeAsm:OtherOfficeOfficeEducationrSecondaryHealth:OtherOfficeOffice

Retail: OtherFood: RestaurantAsm:OtherRetail:Shopping MallAsm:OtherEducation:PrimaryRetail:SupermarketAsm:Arena/GymHealth:ClinicOfficeEducatJonPrimaryOfficeHeath:HospitalOfficeRetail.SupermarketOfficeHeaith:ClinicAsm:OtherOfficeOfficeAptOther

Energy Cost($/sq ft/yr)

$1.09$11.46$0.36$3.34$5.26

$4.06$2.05$1.21$7.89$6.17$5.97$1.66$1.26$1.19$0.32$0.23$3.09$0.76$1.42

$0.58$6.67$2.89$0.58$0.97$0.61$1.36$3.44$0.97$0.79$0.93$2.02$2.30$2.74

$1.32$2.69$3.31$1.97$0.59$1.06$2.63$0.38$Z49$216$0.50

$11.47$2.58$0.00$3.30$1.08$1.49$1.55$0.83$0.40$0.42

Energy Use(kBTU/sq ft/yr)

43.88618.4729.67

354.49209.91

406.80311.0865.94

496.48878.42506.93124.37107.0728.7012.5630.77

102.0540.44

123.00

41.99452.05139.0575.6874.28. 7.6073.01

265.4747.59

128.8449.60

120.63152.97105.34

54.58379.49194.05106.119Z6899.82

285.81119.27119.30126.3655.95

441.42222.27161.25197.00108.5974.4874.3737.4734.2863.98

HeatingDegree Days

12851285

1285

1285

1285

12855404

66782682737624693440

688812851285

341812853792128567922103128566781285

1285

323168882469

688868886792737621037239360034405404128525131285

7376

CoolingDegree Days

150150

150

150

150

15068.4

55 1155645519041561

654150150

1465150

126515043 567 0150551150

150

167265 41904

65465443 546167045 51146156168.4150

1844150

46 1

8/3/2019 RP669


Gross area

41378 .43000431834384746000

4860048700500005083253000538005440057093606356150062892645006670071580

73000737607413681785831108688798000

106000110000110000111128113000113300116214

116400120000138700192400197800213706225700250000273000330000365461383100

1006000

Heating Fuel

NaturalGa sElectricitySteamOil #6Electricity

Oil #6Natural GasNatural GasNatural GasNatural GasNatural GasElectricityNatural GasNatural GasNatural GasNatural GasOil #2Natural GasNatural Gas

Natural GasNatural GasNatural GasOil #6Oil #6Oil #2ElectricityNatural GasNatural GasNatural GasNatural GasElectricityNatural GasCoal

Natural GasElectricityNatural GasSteamNoneNatural GasElectricityOil #6Natural GasOH #2Natural GasNatural GasNatural Gas

Build Type

Asm:Church/SynagoguLodging: HotelEducation:OtherAsm:Arena/RinkOthenOther

Other JailOfficeOfficeRetail: OtherEducation:PrimaryRetailiGeneral MseEducation:PrimaryOthenOtherOfficeEducation:UniversityOfficeHeath:Nursing HomeLodging: MotelOffice

Education:UniversityEducation:PrimaryEducatiomSecondaryAptOtherOthenTransport TermHeath:HospitalRetailiGeneral MseOfficeAsm:TheatreOfficeOtherWhse RefrigOfficeEducation:SecondaryHeath: Hospital

Lodging:HotelEducation:OtherHeath:Nursing HomeRetaifcGeneral MseRetailiGeneral MseHeath: HospitalLodging:HotelHeath:HospitalOfficeEducation:SecondaryHeath: HospitalHeath:HospitalOthenOther

Energy Cost($/sq ft/yr)

$0.79$0.60$1.83$0.27$2.05

$2.41$1.19$1.25$1.71$0.95$1.24$0.68$1.05$0.58$2.30$2.02$1.69$1.63$1.58

$1.10$0.76$0.80$0.60$1.95$2.13$1.33$0.95$1.37$1.19$0.94$1.50$1.51$3.78

$0.36$1.42$1.81$1.04$1.21$0.92$0.79$2.04$1.09

. $1.74$2.26$2.83$1.80


84.6942.69

262.4363.14

110.05

430.28109.47113.52111.4939.0963.1822.0464.0180.37

130.99198.68110.24149.7689.27

100.8697.65109.66127.81396.41274.78

63.7386.31

143.5999.5938.11

115.8359.14

255.58

31.8471.74

201.8341.7643.80

133.86109.82367.28

97.28161.17317.78181.62254.29

HeatingDegree Days

66783342688868883660

6087658654046888210368882103

72322103

31246888

35376678540441556888592334105404540454041285540421033614

5404413966782103210354045404744754046888375421035404

CoolingDegree Days

55 1154665 46541146

6224568.465 467065467 0

420670

1611654

147955 168.4784654167

145468.468.468.415068.467 01387

68.491455 167067 068.468.427 268.4654127067 068.4

8/3/2019 RP669


Gross area

2049600080009858

1104015612

16800176002000020678297563070031600330003588438064487005000060635

6289271580106000110000113000273000

Heating Fuel

Natural GasElectricityElectricityElectricityElectricityNatural Gas

Natural GasOil #2Natural GasElectricityNatural GasNatural GasElectricityNatural GasElectricityElectricityNatural GasNatural GasNatural Gas

Natural GasNatural GasNatural GasNatural GasElectricityNatural Gas

Build Type

OfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOffice

OfficeOffice .OfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOffice

OfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOffice

Energy Cost($/sq ft/vr)

$1.09$1.19$1.42$0.58$0.58$1.36

$0.97$0.79$2.30$2.74$2.16

$11.47$0.00$1.08$0.83$0.40$1.19$1.25$0.58

$2.02$1.58$0.95$1.19$1.50$1.09

AverageEnergy Cost($/sq ft/yr)


43.8828.70

123.0041.9975.6873.01

47.59128.8415297105.34126.36441.42161.25108.5937.4734.28

109.47113.5280.37

198.6889.2786.3199.59

115.8397.28

AverageEnergy Use

(kBTU/sq ft/vr)

HeatingDegree Days

12856678

12851285

128567926678128567922103360054041285

658654047232

5404540454045404

AverageHeating

Degree Days

CoolingDegree Days

15055 1

150150

15043 555 115043567 0114668.4150

4568.442 0

68.468.468.468.4

AverageCooling

Degree Days$1.61 108.83 4330 27 8

8/3/2019 RP669


Gross area

20491561216800200002975630700330004870050000606356289271580

106000110000273000

Gross area

600080009858

1104020678316003588438064

113000

Heating Fuel

Natural GasNatural GasNatural GasNatural GasNatural GasNatural GasNatural Gas .Natural GasNatural GasNatural GasNatural GasNatural GasNatural GasNatural GasNatural Gas

Heating Fuel

ElectricityElectricityElectricityElectricityElectricityElectricityElectricityElectricityElectricity

Build Type

OfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOffice

Build Type

OfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOffice

Energy Cost($/sq ftfyr)

$1.09$1.36$0.97$2.30$2.16

$11.47$1.08$1.19$1.25$0.58$Z02$1.58$0.95$1.19$1.09

AverageEnergy Cost($/sq ftfyr)

$2.02

Energy Cost($/sq ftfyr)

$1.19$1.42$0.58$0.58$2.74$0.00$0.83$0.40$1.50

AverageEnergy Cost($/sq ftfyr)

Energy Use(kBTU/sq ftfyr)

43.8873.0147.59

152.97126.36441.42108.59109.47113.5280.37

198.6889.2786.3199.5997.28

Average


124.55


28.70123.00

41.9975.68

105.34161.2537.4734.28

115.83

AverageEnergy Use(kBTU/sq ftfyr)

HeatingDegree Days

1285128512856678679221035404658654047232

540454045404

AverageHeating

Degree Days

4636

HeatingDegree Days

6678

1285128536001285

5404

AverageHeatingDegree Days

CoolingDegree Days

15015015055143567 068.445

68.4420

68.468.468.4

AverageCooling

Degree Days

22 4

CoolingDegree Days

55 1

15015 0

1146150

68.4

AverageCoolingDegree Days

$1.03 80.40 3256 369

8/3/2019 RP669


Gross area

1111282049

53000

106000

11000021018

113300538005250

297562730004870030700

306802728

50000110000

385006063516800330005083220000413781777573760730007413633060

213706

1561266700

1387006150010828

1006000157001055519950

383100365461

21883264

4270

Heating Fuel

Natural GasNatural Ga sNatural Gas

Natural Ga s

Natural GasNatural Ga sNatural GasNatural GasNatural GasNatural GasNatural GasNatural GasNatural GasNatural GasNatural GasNatural GasNatural Ga s

Natural GasNatural Ga sNatural Ga sNatural GasNatural GasNatural Ga sNatural Ga sNatural Ga sNatural Ga sNatural Ga sNatural GasNatural GasNatural Gas

Natural GasNatural GasNatural GasNatural GasNatural Ga sNatural GasNatural Ga sNatural GasNatural GasNatural GasNatural Ga sNatural GasNatural Ga s

Natural Ga s

Build Type

Other.Whse RefrigOffice

Education:PrimaryOffice

OfficeRetail: OtherEducation:SecondaryRetail.General MseRetail: OtherOfficeOfficeOffice

OfficeEducationPrimaryRetail: OtherOfficeAsm:Theatre

Apt:OtherOfficeOfficeOfficeRetail: OtherOffice

Asm:Church/SynagoguEducation:SecondaryEducation:PrimaryEducation:UniversityEducation:SecondaryHealth:ClinicHeath:Hospital

OfficeLodging:MotelHeath:Nursing HomeEducation.UniversityRetailrSupermarket

OthenOtherAsm:OtherFood:RestaurantHealth:OtherHeath:HospitalHeath:Hospital

Food:Fast FoodFood:Other

Food:Restaurant

Fuel Use(kBTU/sq ft/yr)

2.112.245.15

14.80

17.164.517.71

30.5625.90

32.7130.8538.2812.8846.79

8.9140.1142.16

59.5265.7512.2453.44

71.0769.7570.7224.6587.9451.5781.8520.3689.57

24.79144.81144.1053.8932.99

158.74134.60253.1550.99

85.29193.50211.65298.68

330.70

HeatingDegree Days

1285128521035404

54041285210368885404

67925404658621037376128554045404

7376723212855404688866786678210366783537540412855404

1285688866782103128554043792688812852103

375412851285

1285

Fuel Us e(kBTU/sq ft/yr/HDD)

1.641.752.452.74

3.183.513.674.444.794.825.715.816.126.346.937.427.80

8.079.099.539.89

10.3210.4410.5911.7213.1714.5815.1515.8516.57

19.2921.0221.5825.63

. 25.6729.3835.5036.7539.6840.5651.54

164.71232.44

257.36

Average Average AverageFuel Use Heating Fuel Use

(kBTU/sq ft/yr) Degree Days (kBTU/sq ft/yr/HDD)73.62 4154.25 28.07

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Gross area

340007200

2349025830

330000

6450017600310922755686887

Heating Fuel

Oil #2Oil #2Oil #2Oil #2Oil #2

Oil #2Oil #2Oil #2Oil #2Oil #2

Build Type

Asm:OtherAsm:Church/SynagoguRetaihShopping MailAsm:OtherEducatiomSecondary

Heath:Nursing HomeOfficeHeath:HospitalEducationrPrimaryHeath:Hospital

Fuel Use

(kBTU/sq fl/yr)7.36

25.1924.6678.0882.80

51.52115.28158.4978.43

193.23

HeatingDegree Days

25137376323168886888

31246792723924695923

Fuel Use

(kBTU/sq ft/yr/HDD )2.933.427.63

11.3412.02

16.4916.9721.8931.7732.62

Average Average AverageFuel Use Heating Fuel Use

(kBTU/sq ft/yr) Degree Days (kBTU/sq ft/yr/HDD )81.50 5244.3 15.71

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APPENDIX F

DATABASE DO CUMENTATION AND DATA D ICTIONARY

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Sud Assoc. Trial Database

for ASHRAE Energy Audit FormDate printed: August 26 ,199 4

This documentation describes the Sud & Assoc Trial Database.

Purpose: The database's purpose is to provide a database collecting the data fromASHRAE energy audit forms, in order to allow researchers to have a convenient way toaccess and analyze the data. The trial database is a menu-driven Paradox application. It isintended to be very simple to use. The nature of this database is to collect information for

research, which means that familiarity with Paradox is essential simply because thedesigners cannot forsee in advance every use to which this database will be pu t. At leastin the beginning, users of the database will have to go into Paradox and create their ownqueries and reports.

Audience: This documentation is aimed at both the end user and the experienced Paradoxuser. The first section describing the application interface to the database is aimed more atthe first ime user who needs to add data and perform routine tasks. The data dictionarywhich follows describes in detail the design of the database, the modules involved, and thetable layouts. It will be useful to experienced Paradox users who want to use Paradox toquery the database, and to developers who need to modify the application.

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Trial Database for S ud Assoc, page 2

Installation Procedure

Installing the database is very simple, as long as you have a hard drive C: and have already

installed Paradox. The database files get installed in the Paradox directory, so unless youdon t mind these files being mixed up with the application files n your PDOX40 directory,you should reinstall Paradox in a different directory, perhaps C:\PDOXASHR.

The install disk has a program called install.com that will install the databaseautomatically.

1. Reinstall Paradox in the PDOXASHR directory if you so choose.2. Put the ASHRAE database install disk into the floppy disk drive, and remember whatletter the drive is.3. Go to DOS (or open a DOS window under Windows)

4. Run the install program:

A:> install - this assumes that the diskette is in A;

You will need to answer questions about your source and destination drives, etc.

5. Watch the database unpack itself. (This may take a while, depending on how fast orslow your computer is.)

6. To start the application, get to the Paradox directory where you installed the databaseand type :

paradox 0001

from the DOS prompt, o r in Paradox's main mode you can type Alt-FlO, Play, Return,select 0001 from he list, and Return again.

http://c/PDOXASHR

http://c/PDOXASHR

http://install.com/

http://install.com/

http://install.com/

http://c/PDOXASHR

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Trial Database for Sud Assoc, page 4

Main Application

The application interface to the database is menu-driven, and has complete help on-line (atany of the menu selections, you may press F l and receive context-specific help on theselection: why it is there and typical uses for it). The application is meant to be used bypeople inexperienced with Paradox to add new data to the database, and to run thepreinstalled reports. Since at the time the database was written it was not known whatkind of reports and queries users would want, going further and doing your own ad-hocqueries requires that you go into the main Paradox desktop and do them yourself.

Experience w ith Paradox is required for this.

Each menu in the application represents a broad area of things that can be done with thedatabase (entering data, doing reports, and so on). Sub-menus handle specific functionswithin those broad areas (or even have sub-menus of their own). The menus have beenorganized into a logical progression — adding data, querying, reporting, etc. — and lessimportant things are farther to the right than more important things.

Several menus are present which do not currently do anything but tell you that they don'tdo anything. These are provided for future growth, since their functionality is stronglyanticipated to b e needed in the future. When the trial database is turned into the realdatabase, it is expected that these will be fully functional. For the time being, ignoreanything that doesn't seem to do anything useful.

A description of the menus and what they do follows. They are arranged as much aspossible "in order", so reading through this description will tell you how to use thedatabase.

Enter Data

The Enter Data menu allows you to input data you have on the ASHRAE energy auditforms into the database.

Add A New Building: This is the main selection for adding a new building to thedatabase. It starts up a program which will guide you through the process. Itautomatically load up the correct data entry forms and runs the correct programs,so you will not have to worry about doing everything in the right order. We've

tried to make the data entry as close to the paper forms as possible, but it has notalways been possible. There are a few differences between the paper forms and theorder you enter things here. The order in which things must be input is: buildingdata, special data from 1-14, space function data from 1-10, and finally energy useand cost from 1-5. The guide program is described in detail below.

Update Old Data: allows forms-based updates of data already entered.

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Trial Datab ase for Sud Assoc, page 5

Types: Allows addition/maintenance of exisitng types.

Guide Program

When you choose "Add A New Building" from he data entry menu, the guide

program is run. It is responsible for taking you step by step through the data entryprocess, running the right programs and data entry screens at the right times.

First, you are asked to give a Building YD. This is the most important piece ofinformation. It must uniquely identify the building.

Step One: Data Entry Form

After you input a Building ID, you then see the data entry form for the building.Input the information directly as you see it on the sheet. If you see something onthe sheet that doesn't come up on the screen, it is either not supposed to be in the

database or you will come back to it later.

Warning: Years should be input as complete numbers! Use '1984' instead of'84'. Ifyou put in an abbreviated year, it will be taken literally — 0084.

Step Two: Special Information

You may add as many special information items as you like. Because of this, adialogue box will keep popping up asking for a description. When you've given allthe descriptions you want to , press Enter without typing anything in the dialoguebox, and it will go on to the next item.

Warning: The "description" field s only 20 characters long. If your descriptionexceeds that, make up a one or two word summary and use it as the description,and then type the full description into the provided memo field. Or just skip therest — the description is only useful as a way to uniquely identify each differentspecial information entry. The description must be unique.

Step Three: Space Functions

The space functions entry works the same way as the special information, you mayadd as many spaces as you like. Because of this, a dialogue box will keep popping

up asking for a space. Spaces must be between A and Z. When youVe given all thespaces you want to , press Enter w ithout typing anything in the dialogue box, and itwill go on to the next item.

Step Four: Energy Use and Cost

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This is the most interesting part o f the program. You have to specify the units foreach type of energy, and because of that we made it so that pick lists would popup. This is important because of consistency: people would type M**3, M cubed,meters cubed, m3, and so on. Bu t, given our dialogue box, you have to pick it th eway we want it to look.

Query Database

Very unfinished. This menu was no t finished because it could not be anticipatedwhat querying people would want to do.

Reports

The demonstration report available from his menu generates a report that tells youthe square footage, heating & cooling type, energy index, and cost index for aspecific type of building tha t you supply. It also summarizes the range of high, low ,

and average values for that building type.

Import/Export

Ship: takes your local database, and packs it up onto a floppy disk so you canship it back to the master database.

Unship: the opposite of ship — it takes a shipped database off a floppy and adds itinto the existing database.

Ship and unship require the programs 'zip.exe' and •unzdp.exe' to be present in the

Paradox directory. They are installed there by the installation process. Do notmove or delete these, or you won't be able to ship the database off.

Import and Export: Nothing, this is here for future expansion. If people want tobe able to import data from another data set, an ASCII file, or somewhere else,this menu will accomodate it. It will also handle saving data in other formats likeQP.

Maintenance

Nothing, this is here for future expansion. It is intended for functions that do not

have anything to do with entering, retrieving, or viewing data in the database. It isinstead for functions that do something to the database itself.

Exit

Returns you to Paradox. No exit to DOS is available right now — perhaps later thismenu will give people a choice as to what they can exit to.

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Help

For the totally clueless, a generic help screen is provided. It says basically to pressF l in specific menu selections for specific help. It is not designed to be a self-

contained help system.

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Design Notes

General Concerns

All Paradox conventions were adhered to . All default edit keys, default menu instructions,etc. Even the color scheme was kept as the default, since it is very possible this applicationwill have to run on a wide variety of monitors.

At the same time, every attempt was made to go along with the exisiting paper-basedforms. In several cases, however, due to the natural structure of the tables and theomission of parts o f the forms, the data on the forms was compressed greatly and itemsfrom several pages were put together into one form.

Units are vital and important to this project. Every attempt has been made to make sure

the user is entering the right units for the figures.

Paradox is a royal pain in the rear end to deal with. For example, you put brackets aroundfield names everywhere, except for the CMAX, CMIN, and CAVERAGE functions whichrequire quotes. (Why?) And Paradox has so many modes that the program has to dealwith. And Paradox does not support views the way dBASE does, so a lot of copying andrearranging has to b e done. There are no big flaws n Paradox, just millions of small,inconsistent and poorly designed annoyances. A lot of the stuff that was done in thisapplication is just to work around Paradox's limitations, and approaches sheer hackery.Not through any negligent design on the programmer's part, just because it had to bedone. Tampering with this database is not recommended, since even to me it is a house of

cards that wouldn't take much to break. Hopefully this documentation will help a little.Also, read the comments in the scripts.

Scripts

Several things are PAL programs because there was no alternative. Given a choice, thedesign has strived to use the application generator and built-in forms, reports, screens, etc.instead of PAL code . This way, the application is easier to modify later on. Modifyingapplication generator objects is a lot easier than modifying someone else's PAL code. But,Paradox's limitations have been reached over and over, and more and more scripts werewritten.

Mode notes: One of Paradox's most frustrating features are all of its different operatingmodes. All of these scripts are designed to be called from an application workshopapplication, and assume they're in the main desktop mode. They furthermore freely changemodes without a care, knowing that the application will reset itself into main desktopmode after the scripts exit. If you call the scripts from other places, unpredictable resultswill occur.

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GUIDE.SC: The guide program that guides the user through entering the information forone building. This had to be done as a script because total control over Paradox wasneeded. It freely calls other forms.

CONVERT. SC: Paradox won't allow a form to use pick lists. And this part of theapplication is so sensitive to pick lists that a script had to be used. Also, tremendousamounts of calculations must be done, so writing a script is a lot easier than thealternatives.

Note: GUIDE communicates with CONVERT through a global variable. (There'sprobably a better way to do it, but the programmer responsible for this hack was so tiredoffightingParadox over every little detail he took the easy way out here.) If the variableMYBUHJD is set to a non-blank value, CONVERT assumes it is the Building ID forwhich the user wants to add energy use & cost information and does not prompt the userfor a Building ID. Otherwise, CONVERT prompts for a Building ID . This global variable

is blanked by GUIDE after GUIDE is finished running to minimalize confusion. You canuse, at your own risk, this calling convention to pass a Building ID to CONVERT. It isnot recommended.

DEMO.SC: This script generates the demo report. It uses a table called DEMOTMP tostore its intermediate values, and as something to report from using a standard Paradoxreport designer generated report (you have to attach these reports to a table!). This is aprogram, because the calculations it does for the energy and cost indices are too big to fitinto a report's calculated fields. Since joining tables is necessary to generate the indices(the square footage must be linked to the energy consumption), the fully qualified arrownames (e.g. [Building->Gross Area] and [Enrguse->Electricity]) are too long to fit nto a

report's calculated field.

SHIP.SC: In order to pack up what is in the local database and ship it off to the masterdatabase, a script was written. It prompts the user and sets things up , then callsSHIP.BAT to do the actual work. Interactive prompting is much easier in Paradox than ina batch file (since we'd have to distribute something to do the prompting with the databaseif we wanted to do it in a batch file), so Paradox does the user interfacing and passesparameters to the batch file. The batch file must, of course, be present in order to do this.

UNSH IP.SC: Unpacks the shipped database and adds the records in it to the existingdatabase. It also is a user-interface driver that calls UNSHIP.BAT. It then users Paradox

code to add the records from he shipped database to the current database.

WARNING: The database's files are renamed to begin with the letter X. This is donebecause if we unshipped the database with the regular names, the act of unzipping the fileswould clobber the exisiting database! That would not be a good idea, so instead thedatabase files are renamed to an X name and then packed up. When they are unpacked th erecords in the X files are added to the regular database through Paradox code.

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WARNING: SHIP and UNSHIP assume that:

1) the database will fit on a floppy disk (which it should, since no database otherthan the master database should grow that large) and

2) there is enough room on the hard drive for a second copy of the database

If either o f these assumptions is not valid, the ship/unship parts of the database will haveto b e rewritten to use less resources. This is the quick & dirty approach!

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DATA DICTIONARY

The data dictionary is a list of all fields and tables in the database, along with any

important comments explaining why things were done the way they were. For the trialdatabase, it is important both for developers who need to know what is going on inside thestructure of the database and for end users. Since this database will be for researchpurposes, crunching through data for ad hoc purposes, it is expected that a lot of time willbe spent on formulating ad-hoc queries and writing ad-hoc reports.

Naming Conventions: Most names are spelled out in complete words as they appear onthe forms. Only in extremely long cases are abbreviations used, and these are as standardor intuitive as possible. Paradox forces table names to be eight characters, so the names oftables get fairly creative to convey something meaningful in such a short space.

Table Organization: The database has three types of tables. The first is the building table,the main table that has the main information about the building. Subordinate tables haveadditional information about the building, but separated offinto things that stand more orless by themselves. Lastly, lookup tables translate our made-up tag numbers into humancomprehensible descriptions.

Key: in all tables (except lookups), the building ID is the key. It must uniquely identify abuilding.

Zero or nothing? The data set this database is designed to deal with has a lot of N/A data,i.e. partial data sets where it is okay to omit some fields. This database takes the following

approach to dealing with this: blank data on the forms is entered into the database as blankdata. That way, the Paradox BLANK keyword can be used in searches.

Field descriptions are standard paradox pictures: Ax means an alphanumeric field xcharacters long, M is a memo field, N is a number, and $ is dollars.

Units (in parens) and other notes are listed after the field ype and width.

Paradox does not have a logical type like dBASE does. This database uses the conventionof y/n for all logicals.

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BUILDINGBuilding Table

The building table is the main table in the database. It contains physical characteristicsabout the building and its spaces.

The design of this database has placed as many physical characteristics about the buildingas possible into this one table, since users will be making queries that will use thecharacteristics to limit searches to buildings w ith certain similarities. Then, the users willmake calculations like the indices based on the data from hose buildings.

Building Table Concerns:

1. Canadian addresses do not have zip codes. But, since 10 characters are includedfor the additional four numbers in US zip codes, there is more than enough roomfor the "ABC XYZ" style Canadian and British addresses.

2. Latitude and Longitude are expressed in degrees. Hours and minutes are no tallowed, since Paradox does not have any way to easily handle this kind of dataand the database designers do no t really care about latitude and longitude. (Thelatitude and longitude fields can be fractions, so hours and minutes could beconverted to fractions of a degree.) It is assumed that th e latitude and longitudeare North America, since there is no provision in the database for any directions. Ifthis assumption is not true, something will have to be modified.

No.. Field Name1 Building ID

2 Month3 Year4 City5 State6 Zip7 Latitude8 Longitude9 Gross Area10 Total Gross Cond Area

11 Gross Heated Only12 Gross Cooled Only13 Gross Heated And Cooled14 Gross Exp Above Grade

15 Gross Exp Above Percent16 Glazing Area

PicA20*

NNA20A2A10A5A5NN

NNNN

NN

Additional Info

or Canadiandegreesdegreessq.ft.sq.ft.

sq. ft.sq. ft.sq. ft.sq. ft.%

%

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17 Glazing Area Percent18 Roof Area19 Roof Area Percent20 Outdoor Exposed Floor

21 Outdoor Exposed Fl Perc22 Above Grade Common23 Above Grade Common Perc24 Cond Floors Above Grade25 Cond Floors Below Grade26 Heating Degree Days27 Cooling Degree Days28 Primary Year Constructed29 Sec Year Constructed30 Building Type31 Average Hours Per Week32 Average Weeks Per Year33 Average No of Occupants34 Summer Metered Demand35 Winter Metered Demand36 Total Water Use Per Yr37 Total Water Cost Per Yr38 Special Description39 Peak Load KW

39 Peak Load KW40 Peak Load MBH41 Equip Use Hours Per Week42 Equip Use Weeks Per Year43 Centrifugal Chiller44 Reciprocating Chiller45 Absorption Chiller46 Hot Water Boiler47 Steam Boiler

48 Hot Air Furnace49 Electric Resistance Coils50 Air Source Heat Pump51 Active Solar Equipment52 Energy Recovery Equipment53 Thermal Storage Systems54 Cogeneration Systems

Trial Datab ase for Sud Asso c page 13

NNNN

NNNNNNNN

N

NNNNNNNNM20N

NNNN .A lA lA lA lA l

A lA lA lA lA lA lA l

%

sq.ft.%

sq.ft.

%sq. ft .%

year

year

lookup in B

0..52

watts/sq. ft.$

(unused)(unused)

(unused)(unused)

y/n

y/ny/ny/ny/n

y/ny/ny/ny/ny/ny/ny/n

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Trial Database for S ud Assoc, page 14

55 Packaged Heat Pumps56 Air Flow Modulation Ctrl57 Lighting Controls58 Humidifiers Dehumidifiers

59 Cooling Tower60 Comfort Control by Reheat61 Free Cooling62 Onsite Generation63 Direct Expansion64 Packaged DX Cooling65 Split DX Cooling66 Evaporative Cooling67 Water Src Heat Pump68 Other69 Heating Fuel Primary70 Heating Fuel Secondary71 Cooling Fuel Primary72 Cooling Fuel Secondary73 Domestic Hot Water Prim74 Domestic Hot water Sec75 Kitchen Equipment Prim76 Kitchen Equipment Sec77 Other Proc Equip Prim

78 Other Proc Equip Sec

A lA lA lA l

A lA lA lA lA lA l

A lA lA lA lNNNNNNNNN

N

(unused)y/ny/ny/n

y/ny/ny/ny/n(unused)y/n

y/ny/ny/ny/nlookup in ENRGTYPElookup in ENRGTYPElookup in ENRGTYPElookup in ENRGTYPElookup in ENRGTYPElookup in ENRGTYPElookup in ENRGTYPElookup in ENRGTYPElookup in ENRGTYPE

lookup in ENRGTYPE

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Trial Database for Sud Assoc, pag e 15

ENRGCOSTEnergy Cost

The energy cost table stores the total annual cost of each ype of &el for the year the data

is being entered.

ASSUM PTION: if a category is not applicable, a $0.00 is stored for it.

This table does not allow entry of data for any building not in the building table already.

(dollar amount) — all!1 Building ID2 Electricity3 Natural Gas4 Steam5 Hot Water

6 Chilled Water7 Oil #28 Oil #69 Propane10 Coal

A20*$

$

$

$

$$

$

$

$

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Trial Database for Sud A ssoc, page 1 6

ENRGUSEEnergy Use

The fields n this table are all in terms of 1000 BTUs. The data input program will allow

the user to input data in native units, and will convert the data to 1000 BTUs beforestoring in this table. To output data in units other than 1000 BTUs, further conversionswill be necessary.

ASSUM PTION: 0 will be entered if the type of fuel is not used.

This table does not allow entry of data for any building not in the building table already.

1 Building IDA20*2 Electricity3 Natural Gas

4 Steam5 Hot Water6 Chilled Water7 Oil #28 Oil #69 Propane10 Coal

NN

NNNNNNN

(1000 BTU s) -all!

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SPACE

The Space table is for space functions.

This table has a multiple field key in order to allow one building to have many different

spaces in the database. To uniquely identify a record, both a Building ID and a Space IDmust be provided. This design allows for many different spaces to be entered for onebuilding, and it allows searches to be conducted easily.

1 Building ID A20*2 Space ID A l* one letter, A-Z3 Function Type N > lookup in FUNTYPE table4 Conditioned Area N sq. ft.5 Usage Hours Per Week N6 Usage Weeks Per Year N7 Primary Lighting Type N — > lookup in LITETYPE table

8 Average Installed Load N watts/sq. ft.

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SPECIAL

The special table is for special equipment that makes a building's data abnormal comparedto other similar buildings.

Like the Space table, the Special table has a multiple field key. To uniquely identify arecord, a Building ID and an Equipment Type must be specified. This allows one buildingto have many different types of equipment listed in the database. It also allows forsearches based on other factors (like all buildings with equipment that uses more than10,000 KWH at its peak) without regards to the key.

WARNING: A new field was added, not on the form itself. The "Equipment Type" field sfor the description. Ordinarily, this would be a memo field, but: the problem was a memofield can't be a key. The A20 Equipment Type field was created to satisfy the requirementsfor a key. A memo field s provided for people who can't fit he description into 20characters.

1 Building ID2 Equipment Type A20*3 Complete Description4 Equip Peak Load KWH5 Equip Peak Load MBH6 Equip Hours Per Week7 Equip Weeks Per Year

A20*

M20NNNN

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LIGHT


123

456

Building IDLight TypePercent of Installed Load

Avg Installed LoadSwitches AccessibleSpecial Auto Controls

A20*NN

NAlAl

lookup in LITETYPE table%

watts/sq. ft.y/ny/n

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TAGS

The tag tables are meant to help consistency and user-frendliness.

1. Rule #1 of database design is to allow users to pick things out of a list if possible,because it cuts down on errors.

2. The tags allow for maximum consistency, because it forces people to u se ourpreviously-determined names for things. Otherwise, the result would be some peoplewriting KWH, others writing Kilowatt Hours, others writing K-Wh, others writing K, andsearching the database would not be easy.

BLDGTYPE: Building Type1 Tag N2 Description A20

ENRGTY PE: Energy Type1 Tag N2 Description A20

FUNTYPE: Space Function Type1 Tag N2 Description A20

LITETY PE: Lighting Type1 Tag N

2 Description A20

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