RomeRome

Lesson heading and aim !Lesson heading and aim !

The Worlds First SuperpowerThe Worlds First Superpower

The Roman Empire The Roman Empire

An Empire of ForceAn Empire of Force

The Roman Empire is The Roman Empire is the story of how a small the story of how a small group of farmers grew group of farmers grew into a mighty empire.into a mighty empire.

It is one of the great It is one of the great tales of History…..tales of History…..

Two thirds of the Two thirds of the English language comes English language comes from (Roman)Latin.from (Roman)Latin.

Many European Many European languages are directly languages are directly linked to Roman linked to Roman speech.speech.

An Empire of Force An Empire of Force Rome did not get its empire Rome did not get its empire

by words, they took it at the by words, they took it at the point of a sword. point of a sword.

It could be ruthless and It could be ruthless and brutal against those who did brutal against those who did not share in the idea of ‘The not share in the idea of ‘The Roman Peace’ or in Latin: Roman Peace’ or in Latin: Pax RomanaPax Romana

Tacitus a Roman historian Tacitus a Roman historian of the time has one defeated of the time has one defeated Briton stating, “Briton stating, “You made You made a desert and you call it a desert and you call it peacepeace.”.”

The Romans who started it all…..The Romans who started it all…..

According to legend According to legend Rome was founded by Rome was founded by Romulus and Remus, twin Romulus and Remus, twin princes.princes.

They were abandoned as They were abandoned as babies and were fed by a babies and were fed by a she wolf.she wolf.

The myth states that The myth states that Romulus killed his Romulus killed his brother and started Rome.brother and started Rome.

Legendary beginnings !Legendary beginnings !

Archaeology tells us that Archaeology tells us that by the mid 8by the mid 8thth century BC century BC (BCE) a village existed (BCE) a village existed centred on farming.centred on farming.

The EmperorsThe Emperors

Rome got rid of its Kings Rome got rid of its Kings and replaced them with a and replaced them with a Republic (rule by the Republic (rule by the people).people).

This was controlled by a This was controlled by a senate (like a parliament).senate (like a parliament).

However Julius Caesar However Julius Caesar made himself Emperor.made himself Emperor.

Rome’s Foreign PolicyRome’s Foreign Policy Rome faced tough Rome faced tough

opponents. It was crushed opponents. It was crushed in battle a number of times in battle a number of times but always managed to get but always managed to get the last say until the 5the last say until the 5thth century AD.century AD.

Leading enemies of Rome Leading enemies of Rome were Cleopatra, Queen of were Cleopatra, Queen of Egypt and Hannibal who Egypt and Hannibal who crossed the Alps with an crossed the Alps with an army of elephants. Finally army of elephants. Finally our own Boudicca, Queen our own Boudicca, Queen of the Iceni. of the Iceni.

Part II The Power of RomePart II The Power of Rome

The Roman ArmyThe Roman Army

The army was well organised and disciplined.The army was well organised and disciplined.

Inside the ArmyInside the Army

It was divided up into It was divided up into Legions of five Legions of five thousand men.thousand men.

Each Roman soldier Each Roman soldier was called a Legionary.was called a Legionary.

Arms and MenArms and Men

The Legionary wore a The Legionary wore a helmet to protect his head helmet to protect his head and neck.and neck.

He had body armour called He had body armour called lorica.lorica.

The Roman soldier carried a The Roman soldier carried a shield called a Scutum.shield called a Scutum.

He had a javelin called a He had a javelin called a pilum.pilum.

A short double edged sword A short double edged sword called a gladius, used in a called a gladius, used in a stabbing motion.stabbing motion.

The Great WarsThe Great Wars

Rome fought a number of great wars, none Rome fought a number of great wars, none more so than against Hanibal and their long more so than against Hanibal and their long term foes Carthage in the three Punic Wars.term foes Carthage in the three Punic Wars.

Decline and Fall of the Roman Decline and Fall of the Roman EmpireEmpire

The western Roman empire The western Roman empire was attacked by a number of was attacked by a number of supposed barbarian races supposed barbarian races and finally destroyed in 410 and finally destroyed in 410 AD by the Goths. AD by the Goths.

The Eastern Roman Empire The Eastern Roman Empire survived for another survived for another thousand yearsthousand years

A look ahead…not mentionedA look ahead…not mentioned

Gladiators.Gladiators.

Roads.Roads.

Slaves.Slaves.

Siege Warfare Siege Warfare

SpartacusSpartacus

Chariot racingChariot racing

Hadrian's wall…Hadrian's wall…