rome chapter 1 section 3 september 9, 2010. patricians wealthy upper class may hold public office...
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RomeChapter 1 section 3
September 9, 2010
Patricians Wealthy upper class
may hold public office
Plebeians Craftsmen, Merchants
may merely vote
Slaves: no rights
Social Order
Vote only
Participate
CitizensCitizensPlebeiansPlebeians
RepresentativesRepresentativesPatriciansPatricians
ConsulConsul
Roman Greek
Government
The Republic: Ruled by elected representatives, patricians only
Vote: slaves and women were not allowed to vote
Structure• Senate – elected officials
• 2 consuls ran the government and army
• 2 praetors dealt with law and justice
Roman Law – Justice for all
Twelve Tables - laws only for Romans
Law of Nations (Republic)New territories with different cultures required new codes based on Natural Law (universal law based on reason)
Examples of Roman Law
An accused person was presumed to be innocent until proven guilty.
The accused was permitted to face the accuser and offer a defense.
Guilt had to be established through evidence.
Judges were expected to interpret the laws and make fair decisions.
The Roman EmpireExpansion: Rome controlled all of the Mediterranean by 0AD
Needed strict control for the harmony of the state Pax Romana 14 – 180 AD
End of Republic
Senator Julius Caesar forces Roman senate to make him dictator.
Caesar is murdered by his friend, Brutus.
Eventually, Senate crowns Julius Augustus King (14 AD)
Roman Republic becomes Roman Empire – Tyrants rule like Nero and Caligula
Empire falls in 476 AD.
Europe enters the Dark Ages
Spread of Christianity 325-600 AD
Consequences
Christian Church organized in similar manner to Roman Empire – Pope, Cardinals, etc.
Emphasis on virtue & duty to one’s community/state
Importance of law and ethics to ensure a stable society.
Value of the individual. (Humanism)
Quiz