rocks, minerals and soil third grade earth science
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Rocks, Minerals and Soil
Third Grade
Earth Science
![Page 2: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What are rocks?
• Rocks are solid materials that are made of one or more minerals.
![Page 4: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
3 Types of rocks
1. Sedimentary
2. Igneous
3. Metamorphic
![Page 5: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Metamorphic Rock
• Metamorphic rock is rocks that have been changed by heat and pressure.
![Page 6: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Metamorphic Rocks
![Page 7: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Sedimentary Rock
• Sedimentary rocks form when materials settle into layers and harden.
• Any rock can become sedimentary if at the surface.
![Page 8: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Igneous Rock
• Igneous rock is a rock that was once melted but has cooled and hardened.
• Hot lava comes out from within the earth and is an igneous rock once cooled.
![Page 9: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
4 ways to identify rocks
1. Texture
2. Color
3. Size
4. Hardness
![Page 10: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
EXPERIMENT TIME!!!
• You are all now junior geologist. A geologist is someone who studies the Earth. We will test the hardness of rocks using Moh’s scale.
![Page 11: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Moh’s Hardness Scale• With your group, test the
hardness of rocks and give it a score of 1 to 10.
• Soft: scratches with fingernail 1 or 2
• Medium/Soft: scratches with a penny 3 or 4
• Medium/Hard: scratches with a nail 5 or 6
• Hard: will not scratch 7 or 8
![Page 12: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Moh’s Scale
• Working as a group, make a bar graph with your group rating your rocks from softest to hardest. Be sure your graph is labeled and colorful.
![Page 13: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Classify rocks
• As a group, discuss classifications of your rocks. Remember the 4 ways to classify rocks.
1. Color
2. Size
3. Texture
4. Hardness
![Page 14: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
What are minerals?
• Minerals are solid natural made objects that have never been alive. Minerals can be rock-like or metals.
![Page 16: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
How are rocks and minerals different?
• Rocks are made up of minerals. Minerals are within all rocks. The minerals in rocks are what makes rocks look different from other rocks.
![Page 17: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Rocks and Mineral
Minerals Rocks
Usually very pretty Not pretty
Has a shape No shape
May contain crystals No crystals
Will not contain fossils May contain fossils
Color is mostly the same May have many colors
![Page 18: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Identify the Minerals
Time to Play a Game…. How many minerals can you find in the kitchen? (click on refrigerator)
![Page 19: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
What are fossils?
• A fossil is a mark or the remains of something that was once living.
![Page 21: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
4 Types of Fossils
1. Mold
2. Cast
3. Trace
4. True-form
![Page 22: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Mold Fossil
• A mold fossil is a impression made in a substance. It is not the actual living organism but a impression.
• The picture is a mold fossil of a leaf.
![Page 23: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Trace Fossil
• Trace fossils are impressions like mold fossils but are not the actual living organism- just evidence of them.
• Examples: nests, burrows, and footprints.
![Page 24: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
True-Form Fossils
• True form fossils are the actual once living animal or organism.
• Example: Animal bones
![Page 25: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Cast Fossil
• A cast fossil is formed when a mold fossil is filled in. The fossil can be of anything that once lived (plants, animals, insects).
![Page 26: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Types of Soil
1. Clay
2. Sandy soil
3. Potting soil
4. Loam
![Page 28: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Clay
• Clay is smooth when dry and sticky when wet. Soils high in clay content are called heavy soils. Clay also can hold a lot of nutrients, but doesn't let air and water through it well.
![Page 29: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Sandy Soil
• When you rub sand, it feels rough. This is because it has sharp edges. Sand doesn't hold many nutrients.
![Page 30: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Loam
• Loam is a mixture of different types of soils. Loam soils feel smooth and spongy when rolled into a ball.
![Page 31: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Third Grade Earth Science](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062303/5515a7f055034691418b621e/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Potting Soil
• Potting soil is soil mixture made for use in gardens and potted plants. Potting soil should be loose and light.