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ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!

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Page 1: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

ROCK INTERVIEWS

With Rolling Stone

Magazine!

Page 2: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was

in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of volcanism, erosion,

and mountain-building

Metamorphic Rocks tell of a landscape being altered by that volcanism or mountain-building

Sedimentary Rocks tell of various types of deposition, as well as evaporation

Page 3: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

BASALT

• DARK & HEAVY due to __________ & ______________ contained in its minerals.

• FINE-GRAINED – CRYSTALS NOT EVIDENT due to __________ _________ at Earth’s surface.

• INDICATE SEAFLOOR – UNDERWATER VOLCANISM – fairly quiet lava flow

Page 4: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

SCORIA

LIKE BASALT, but contained more _________, which left holes as it escaped.

Page 5: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

OBSIDIAN

VOLCANIC GLASS erupted under great _______________ on the seafloor.

Page 6: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

RHYOLITE

LIGHT-COLORED & LIGHT IN WEIGHT due to less heavy metals,

FINE-GRAINED – CRYSTALS NOT EVIDENT due to __________ _________ at Earth’s surface.

INDICATE CONTINENTAL VOLCANISM – quiet lava flow

Page 7: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

PUMICE

• VOLCANIC GLASS with lots of air – less dense than water!

• Indicates a VIOLENT ERUPTION

Page 8: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

GRANITE

LIGHT-COLORED & LIGHT IN WEIGHT due to less heavy metals,

COARSE-GRAINED – CRYSTALS EASILY EVIDENT due to __________ _________ DEEP BELOW Earth’s surface.

INDICATES a BATHOLITH – the roots of a mountain range.

Page 9: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

DIORITE

• INTERMEDIATE in COLOR and WEIGHT

COARSE-GRAINED – CRYSTALS EASILY EVIDENT due to __________ _________ DEEP BELOW Earth’s surface.

INDICATES a BATHOLITH – the roots of a mountain range.

Page 10: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

PERIDOTITE/GABBRO

• DARK & HEAVY due to __________ & ______________ contained in its minerals.

COARSE-GRAINED – CRYSTALS EASILY EVIDENT due to __________ _________ DEEP BELOW Earth’s surface.

INDICATES a BATHOLITH – the roots of an ancient volcano.

Page 11: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

COLUMNAR BASALT

• DARK & HEAVY due to __________ & ______________ contained in its minerals.

COARSE-GRAINED – CRYSTALS EASILY EVIDENT due to __________ _________ DEEP BELOW Earth’s surface.

INDICATES a VOLCANIC NECK – where a volcano had once stood.

Page 12: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

Igneous Landforms

What igneous rocks would be formed at each of these places?

Page 13: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

Metamorphism • Rocks change form due to the actions of

heat, pressure, and chemical action.

• What TWO rocks are here? What happened to change them?

Page 14: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

SLATE

• When Shale undergoes excessive heat & Pressure, it becomes SLATE.

• Indicates a bay bottom being tranformed by MOUNTAIN-BUILDING

Page 15: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

GNEISS

• When GRANITE undergoes excessive heat & Pressure, it becomes GNEISS

• Indicates a BATHOLITH being tranformed by MOUNTAIN-BUILDING

Page 16: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

SCHIST

• When SLATE undergoes excessive heat & Pressure, it becomes SCHIST

• Indicates a BATHOLITH being tranformed by MOUNTAIN-BUILDING

Page 17: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

QUARTZITE

• When SANDSTONE undergoes excessive heat & Pressure, it becomes QUARTZITE

• Indicates a BEACH being tranformed by MOUNTAIN-BUILDING

Page 18: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

Metamorphic Aureole

Page 19: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

Sedimentary Rocks

• Formed from… – the deposition of sediments or detritus– Evaporation of water from mineral-rich water

bodies– Biological processes

Page 20: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

Clastic Sedimentary Rocks:

Pressed down, shaken together…

Page 21: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

Breccia

Rough angular fragments cemented together.

Indicates a landslide

Page 22: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

Conglomerate

Smooth pebbles cemented together.

Indicates a fast-flowing stream

Page 23: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

Sandstone

Sand cemented together.

Can indicate a variety of former habitats:

River

Beach

Dune

Page 24: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

Shale

Formed from mud compacted together

Indicates a former bay, backwater, delta, etc.

EXCELLENT fossil matrix due to its extremely fine-grained composition.

Page 25: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

Organic Sedimentary Rocks

Life Rocks!

Page 26: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

COAL

All coal is formed from drowned, buried plant material.

Indicates a former swamp or marsh.

Increasing pressure creates different grades of coal…

Peat >Lignite > Bituminous > Anthracite

Page 27: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of
Page 28: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

Limestone

Formed in a variety of ways, but involves the CALCITE from dead sea creatures.

As such, limestone indicates a marine environment, especially coral reefs.

Another EXCELLENT fossil matrix due not only to its extremely fine-grained composition, but also to the fact that it is made up of once living material.

Page 29: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

Chert/Flint

Formed from the microscopic silica skeletons of diatoms, etc.

Indicates a former marine environment.

Extremely hard, dense, microcrystalline.

Found as nodules within limestone beds.

Page 30: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

Chemical Sedimentary Rocks:

The Evaporites

Page 31: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

Rock Gypsum, Rock Salt

Both formed from desert or drought conditions preceded by flooding.

Can form huge beds that under pressure can act like magma and flow (!) forming salt domes.

Salt Domes form the vast bulk of our oil reserves in Southeast Texas.

Page 32: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

Travertine

Calcite condenses when heated, dissolves when cooled!

Hence, CAVES, with their wet, moderate temperatures, are a perfect place for travertine to form as water slowly percolates through a cave’s fissures.

Page 33: ROCK INTERVIEWS With Rolling Stone Magazine!. Introduction – Rocks have stories to tell – stories of how EARTH was in the past. Igneous Rocks tell of

What rocks would form in these Sedimentary environments?


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