Risk TakingWould like to make errorLearners have to be able to gamble a bit, to be willing

to try out hunches about the language and take the risk of being wrong.

Beebe (1983,p.40) fear of risk taking: 1. in the classroom: bad grade in the course, a fail on the exam, a reproach from the teacher, punishment or embarrasment imposed by oneself. 2. outside the classroom: fear of lookingg ridiculous, fear of the frustration coming from a listener’s blank look, fear of the alienation of not being able to communicate with other human beings,

How can we resolve this problem? Dufeu (1994:89-90) says that teacher needs to

establish an adequate effective framework so that learners “feel comfortable” as they take thier first public steps in the strange world of a foreign language

Anxiety Anxiety is a factor that is intertwined with self-esteem and inhibition and risk-taking Anxiety (Horwitz, 2001 ;Oxford, 1999)Trait anxiety is a permanent predisposition to be

anxiousState anxiety is experienced in relation to some

particular event or act.

Three components of foreign language anxiety have been identified:Communication apprehensionFear of negative social evaluationTest anxiety

EmpathyIt is a process of “putting yourself into someone else’s shoes,” of reaching beyond the self and understanding and feeling what another person is understanding or feeling. It is the major factor in harmonious coexistence of individuals in society.Language is one of the primary means of empathizing , but non-verbal communication facilitates the process of empathizing and must not be overlooked.Empathy is not synonymous with sympathy. Empathy implies more possibilities of detachment. While sympathy connotes an agreement or harmony between individuals.

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Definitions of empathy“A process of comprehending in which a

temporary fusion of self-object boundaries permits an immediate emotional apprehension of the affective experience of another,” (Guioria, 1972b: 142)

Hogan (1969: 309) defines empathy as “a relatively discrete social phenomenon recognizable in the experience of laymen and psychologists alike.”