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Almelo Pvt. Ltd., Unit-II HARA Report

HAZARD ANALYSIS AND RISK ASSESSMENT STUDIES

(HARA)

FOR

M/S. Almelo Pvt. Ltd. Unit-11 Shabashpally (V), Shivampet (M), Medak District, Telangana State.

JULY- 2014

Prepared By:

Madan P. Gavane 404, The Legend, 2-2-11/1,

D.D.Colony, Hyderabad-500 007 Phone No: 040-2742 8205, 09849170493

E-mail: mgavanegyahoo.com,

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http://www.cvisiontech.com


Contents

Item Page No.

Introduction 1

Project Description 2

List Of Products With Their Production Capacity And Therapeutic Use 4

Recommendations And Conclusions 7

Introduction: 9

Project Proponent 9

Regulatory Framework 11

Proposed Project 12

Project Site 12

Hazard & Risk Assessment 12

Salient Features Of The Proposed Project 13

Fig 1.1 Project Site Layout 15

Fig 1.2 Google Map Showing Project Boundaries 16

Fig 1.3 Topographical Map Of 10 Km Study Area 17

List Of Products With Their Production Capacity And Therapeutic use 18

Organization 21

Proposed Organization Chart 22

General Hazards Associated With Flammable, Toxic And Corrosive Liquids And Gases

23

Risk / Hazard Analysis 28

Products Manufactured - Most Of The Intermediates / Products Manufactured Are Not Hazardous Chemicals

29

Raw Material / Chemicals And Solvents Storage 30

Hazardous Solvents List 51

Water / Air Reactant Chemicals: 52

Safety Data Of Toxic And Hazardous Materials 56

Hazardous Solvents / Chemicals Storage 103

Possible Hazards Due To Leakage/Spillages Of Flammable Solvent Chemicals Stored In Above Ground Storage Tanks.

105

Hazards Due To Failure Of Solvent Drums Of 200 L And Spillage Of The Total Contents Of The Drum

107

Process Safety 113

Observations, Recommendations And Conclusions 119

Liquid Raw Materials And Other Solvents Storage 121

Occupational Health & Safety (Ohs) 124

CONSEQUENCE ANALYSIS CALCULATIONS 130 - 282

ANNEXURE - WIND ROSE DIAGRAM 283

Bio Data Of Expert 284 - 288




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Almelo Pvt Ltd Unit - H. HARA Report

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

INTRODUCTION

India is among the top five emerging pharma markets and has grown at an estimated

compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 13 per cent during the period FY 2009-2013. The

Indian pharmaceutical market is poised to grow to US$ 55 billion by 2020 from the 2009 levels

of US$ 12.6 billion, according to the report titled 'India Pharma 2020' by McKinsey & Co.

India's pharma industry accounts for about 1.4 per cent of the global pharma industry in

value terms and 10 per cent in volume terms. Among the fastest growing pharma industries in the

world, India's pharmaceutical sector is expected to expand at a compound annual growth rate

(CAGR) of 12.1 per cent during 2012-2020 and reach US$ 45 billion. The Indian pharmaceuticals

market grew at a CAGR of 17 per cent in 2012. By 2020, the country is expected to be within the

top three pharmaceutical markets by incremental growth and sixth largest market globally in

absolute size. Currently, Indian drugs are exported to more than 200 countries in the world, with

the US as the key market.

The Government of India's expenditure on health increased from US$ 14 billion in 2008

to US$ 23 billion in 2011. The expenditure is projected to expand at a CAGR of 18 per cent

during 2008-16 to touch US$ 53 billion, thereby increasing the share of government expenditure

towards total healthcare spending from 27.6 per cent to 39.9 per cent during the same period.

With 70 per cent of India's population residing in rural areas, pharma companies have immense

opportunities to tap this market. Demand for generic medicines in these regions has seen a sharp

growth, and various companies are investing in the distribution network in rural areas. The share

of generic drugs is expected to continue increasing; it could represent about 90 per cent of the

prescription drug market by 2016.

The industry now produces bulk drugs belonging to all major therapeutic groups requiring

complicated manufacturing process and has also developed Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)

facilities for the production of different dosage forms.

At a growth rate of 12 per cent per year, the pharmaceutical industry in India is well set

for rapid industrialization. As a result, the Indian pharmaceutical and healthcare market is

undergoing a spurt of growth in its coverage, services, and spending in the public and private

sectors.

In order to meet this increased demand, M/s. Almelo Pvt Ltd, Unit-II Telangana proposed

to establish Bulk Drugs and Intermediates manufacturing facility with R&D in Plot No. 4, (Sy.no.

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227, 228 & 137(136) (Part), in plant area of 9.33 Ha (23.06 acres) at Shabashpally Village,

Shivampeta Mandal, Medak District, Telangana. The Industry is proposing to manufacture 70

products of Bulk Drugs and Intermediates on campaign basis i.e., any 9 products will be

manufactured at a time with a maximum production capacity of 708 TPA.

The proposed total gross investment in Land, Buildings, Plant & Machinery and others

will be Rs. 8.7 Crores. The Industry will allocate an amount of about Rs. 1.5 crores for

environmental protection measures (Pollution Control Equipment) and Recurring cost (operation

and maintenance) of Rs. 1.3 Crores / annum.

Project Description

The salient features of the proposed site are presented below.

1 Name & Address

Almelo Pvt Ltd., Unit - II

Svy No. 227, 228 & 137, (136)

Shabashpally (Village), Shivampet (Mandal),

Medak (District), Telangana - 502102.

2 Area of the project 9.33 Ha (23.06 acres)

3 Latitude 17 °48'19 "N

4 Longitude 78°25'57"E

5 Products 70 Bulk Drugs & their intermediates on

campaign basis, 9 products at a time

6 Production Capacity 708 TPA

7 Capacity of Boiler 2 x 5 TPH & 3 TPH

8 Capacity of DG set DG sets (250 KVA and 2 x 350 KVA)

9 Total water Requirement 308 KLD of which fresh water requirement was

176 KLD and Recycled water 132 KLD

10 Total Power Requirement 980 KVA

11 Total Fuel Requirement Coal 52 TPD for 2 x 5 TPH & 3 TPH

12 Manpower Direct employment 150 Nos.

Indirect employment 100 Nos

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Project Description:

Over the years, the production of bulk drug has made significant progress. The

drug and pharmaceutical industry in India meets around 70% of the country's demand

for bulk drugs & intermediates, pharmaceutical formulation, chemicals, tablets, capsules.

The Indian pharmaceutical industry is well set for rapid establishment of industry. As a

result of the establishment, the Indian pharmaceutical and healthcare market is

undergoing a spurt of growth in its coverage, services, and spending in the public and

private sectors.

In order to meet this increased demand, M/s Almelo Pvt. Ltd., Unit-II Hyderabad

proposed to establish Bulk Drugs & Intermediates manufacturing facility as Unit-II at Sy.

No. 227, 228 & 137 (136), in plant area of 9.33 Ha (23.06 acres) in Shabashpally (V),

Shivampet (M), Medak District, Telangana state. The proposed project falls under

category 5(f) of the schedule, Synthetic Organic Chemicals Industry as per the EIA

Notification, September 2006 to manufacture total 70 Bulk Drugs & their intermediates

on campaign basis, 9 products at a time with a total production of 708 TPA. This

proposed project site is located at a distance of about 22 km from Hyderabad (ORR),

0.6 km from Shabashpally village (N direction), 3.9 km (aerial distance) from NH-7 and

0.4 km from Narsapur - Tupran Road and 31 km (aerial distance) from Medak. These

drugs are mainly used for human Medication after Formulation activity to be used for

various diseases.

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Almelo Pvt Ltd Unit - II. HARA Report

Table 2.4: List of Products with their Production Capacity and Therapeutic use

SI.

No. Product Name

Quantity

(TPA) Therapeutic Category

Proposed Bulk Drugs on campaign basis (9 products at a time)

1 Ximelagatran 4 Anti-coagulant

2 Bifeprunox Mesylate 4 Antipsychotic agent

3 Satigrel 6 Antagonist

4 Rosuvastatin Calcium 36 Lipid lowering agent

5 Talampanel 3 Antagonist

6 Zafirlukast 8 Anti-Asthma

7 Tolterodine Tartrate 3 Antispasmodic

8 Prulifloxacin Mesylate 6 Anti-bacterial

9 Dexmedetomidine 4 Analgesic

10 Pramipexole Dihydrochloride 2 Anti Parkinsonian

11 Frovatriptan Hydrochloride 4 Lipid lowering agent

12 Selegiline Hydrochloride 2 Anti-Parkinson's

13 Asenapine Maleate 6 Anti-schizophrenia

14 Udenafil 2 Erectile dysfunction

15 Balofloxacin 6 antibiotic

16 Vildagliptin 6 Anti-diabetic

17 Rizatriptan Benzoate 2 Anti-Migraine

18 Pitavastatin Calcium 12 Lipid Lowering Agent

19 Sitafloxacin 6 antibiotic

20 Levomilnacipran Hydrochloride 6 Anti-depression

21 Bosentan 3 Anti-pulmonary hypertension

22 Adenosine 2 Antiarrhythmic agent

23 Regadenoson 2 Diagnostic Agent

24 Esomeprazole Magnesium

Trihydrate 12 Proton Pump Inhibitor

25 Valsartan 36 Anti-hypertensive

26 Irbisartan 36 Anti-hypertensive

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27 Levocetrizine Dihydrochloride 12 Anti-Histaminic

28 Mesalamine 12 anti-inflammatory

29 Rabeprazole Sodium 10 Proton Pump Inhibitor

30 Alfuzosin Hydrochloride 2 Anti-hypertensive

31 Amlodipine Besylate 24 Anti-hypertensive

32 Anagliptin 8

Anti-diabetic

33 Aripiprazole 6 Anti-psychotic

34 Atorvasatin calcium 12 Lipid Lowering Agent

35 Atovaquone 6 Anti-malaria

36 Brimonidine Tartrate 2 Ophthalmic drops

37 Chlorothiazide Sodium 2 Antihypertensive

38 Cinacalcet Hydrochloride 10 Calcimimetic

39 Clarithromycin 80 Macrolide Antibiotic

40 Clopdogrel Bisulphate 36 Anti-Thrombotic

41 Clopidogrel Hydrochloride 6 Anti-Thrombotic

42 Dabigatran Etexilate Mesylate 4 Blood-thinning Agent

43 Desvenlafaxine Succinate

Monohydrate 6 Anti-depressant

44 Dexlansoprazole Magnesium 6 Proton Pump Inhibitor

45 Diacerein 6 Anti-inflammatory

46 Divalproex Sodium 6 Anti-Epileptic

47 Donepezil HCI 2 Anti-Alzheimer's

48 Doxazosin Mesylate 4 al-Selective alpha blocker

49 Duloxetine Hydrochloride 10 Antidepressant

50 Epinephrine Bitartrate 1 Cardio stimulant

51 Fesoterodine Fumarate 4 Anti-muscarinic

52 Fexofenadine Hydrochloride

Monohydrate 12 Anti-histamine

53 Lansoprazole 6 Proton Pump Inhibitor

54 Linagliptin 8 Anti-diabetic

55 Lurasidone Hydrochloride 8 Anti-psychotic

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56 Nicardipine Hydrochloride 2 Anti-hypertensive

57 Oxybutynin chloride 4 Anti-spasmodic

58 Paliperidone Palmitate 6 Schizophrenia

59 Pantoprazole sodium 6 Proton Pump Inhibitor

60 Pregabalin 12 Anti-Epileptic

61 Saxagliptin Hydrochloride 6 Anti-diabetic

62 Sitagliptin Phosphate 36 Anti-diabetic

63 Solithromycin 400 Antibiotic

64 Tamsulosin Hydrochloride 8 Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

65 Valacyclovir Hydrochloride 24 Anti-Viral

66 WCK 2349 20 Antibiotic


68 Ziprasidone Hydrochloride

Monohydrate 20 Anti-Psychotic

69 Zoledronic acid 6 Anti-Osteoporosis

70 Zonisamide 20 Anti-Epileptic

Maximum production on various

combinations (Any 9 products at a time) 708

Maximum production capacity on various Combinations (any 9 products at a time)

Almelo Pvt Ltd Unit - II has retained the services of Experts, from Hyderabad to carry out

Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment studies.

Experts Bio-data have been enclosed, the experts visited the site for collection of data and

relevant information for the study. They also held detailed discussions with other concerned staff

& officials. The report generally conforms to and covers the requirements under the Manufacture,

Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989 and Amendment Rules 1994 and 2000.

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RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS

The following are the recommendations for risk reduction during the manufacture of the

products and the storage of raw material, solvents and products.

Storages of solvents in above ground tanks:

Chemicals / Solvents in bulk are stored in Vertical cone roof above ground tanks in

solvents storage farm with nitrogen blanketing.

Storage of Solvents / Raw materials ware houses:

Solvents & Raw materials would also stored in ware house in HDPE / G.I drums or

carboys and poly bags. Two sheds are being constructed for their storage. Risk reduction

measures are suggested:

:. Work permit system is to be followed followed for tanker loading and unloading

:. Electrical bonding as per requirement for pipe lines across the flange etc. and earthing

may be enforced to prevent accumulation of static electricity which is one of the possible

sources of ignition.

Motors

The selection of motors in hazardous areas is as per area classification i.e., flame proof

electrical equipments are used.

Equipment earthing:

All the tanks, vessels and metallic floors are earthed. Rivets may be used for jointing AL strips

and similarly welded joints may be used for GI / GS strips to avoid loose connection. A few tanks

are provided with single earthing, second earthing may be provided.

Lightning protection:

Protection against lightning strokes is to be provided for outdoor chimneys and

buildings. Vertical air terminations are to be provided and connected to earth.

Motor control centers:

In general each MCC, control panels, capacitor bank panels may be provided with

double earthing. New capacitor bank panel is not yet earthed. Nomenclature may be written on

each MCC and control panels. Danger boards may be provided on each and every electrical

panels and MCCs as per the standard specification. The inventory of raw materials and

products shall be kept minimum to the extent possible. Mock drills may be conducted once in 6

months. Some mock drills may be conducted without giving prior intimation.

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Occupational Health & Safety (OHS)

The manufacturing processes will be carried out in closed circuits eliminating the exposure

of plant personnel to hazardous chemicals. Strict vigilance will be kept for spotting any leakage of

hazardous chemicals and immediate steps will be taken to rectify the leakages. The plant will be

operated and maintained by experienced staff as per standard practices taking all safety

precautions. A plan of pre-placement health check up and periodical health status evaluation of

workers with special reference to exposure to work environment will be prepared and strictly

executed. Sufficient funds will be allocated to meet the requirements.

Recommendations are Based on

The Risk Analysis study, the plant layout plan, the process description of production of

the final products

Physical inspection of the proposed plant area and its surroundings

Discussion with the company officials

Assurance that the construction, erection, testing, and trial runs will be done as per

standard practices

Assurance that the operation and maintenance of the plant will be done in accordance

with the well-established safe practices in similar installations, It can be reasonably

concluded that the proposed Plant is environmentally and inherently safe for the

operations contemplated and will have negligible effects on the nearby installations. If all

the safety precautions are complied with and recommendations made in the report are

taken into consideration during construction and regular operation of the plant.

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Introduction:

M/s. Almelo Pvt. Ltd., (formerly known as M/s. Almelo Chemicals Pvt. Ltd.,) has entered

lease agreement with M/s. Solithro Pvt. Ltd., for initial period of 8 years. M/s Solithro Pvt.

Limited has purchased existing industrial land and industrial sheds of M/s. Axis Structurals Pvt.

Ltd., through public auction from ING-Vysya Bank. Land is in possession of project proponent.

M/s Almelo Pvt. Ltd., proposes to establish Bulk Drugs and Intermediates manufacturing Unit II

with R&D facility in the area of 9.33 Ha (23.06 acres) with a total investment of Rs. 31.5 Crores.

The industry name has since been changed as M/s Almelo Pvt. Ltd. Unit-II instead of M/s

Almelo Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. from March 28, 2014. The Unit is located at Sy. No. 227, 228 & 137

(136), Shabashpally(V), Shivampet(M), Medak District, Telangana.The proposal is to obtain

Environmental Clearance (EC) from the Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF) and Consent

for Establishment (CFE) from TPCB to manufacture 70 Bulk Drugs on Campaign basis (any 9

products will be manufactured at a time) with a total production capacity of 708 TPA.

Total capital cost allocated towards environmental pollution control measures is Rs. 5.0

Crores and the Recurring cost (operation and maintenance) will be about Rs. 7.3 Crores per

annum.

LI Project Proponent

Almelo Group of Companies manufactures Advanced Pharmaceutical Intermediates and APIs

with a diverse product portfolio coupled with innovative R&D. The group currently has two

manufacturing facilities in IDA Kukatpally (manufactures intermediates for (APIs) and IDA Mankhal

(manufactures specialty fine chemicals, advanced intermediates and APIs). All its manufacturing

plants are CGMP compliant, which bear testimony to its commitment to adopt strict quality

standards set by international quality agencies. The group has a rich product portfolio and

continuously enhances its product portfolio through innovative R&D, thus emerging as a source for

diverse range of advanced intermediates.

The Almelo Group of Companies was established in the year 1979 in Hyderabad. Its first

manufacturing facility was set-up at the Industrial Development Area (IDA) Kukatpally,

Hyderabad. It is supplying its products to various reputed domestic and multi-national

pharmaceutical companies.

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M/s Almelo Pvt. Ltd., Unit-II proposed set up the plant at Shabashpally (V), Shivampet (M),

Medak District, Telangana will be as per CGMP norms. The company will be involved in

manufacturing of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients i.e, Bulk Drugs.

M/s Almelo group has exposure in erection and commissioning of Bulk Drug Projects and

synthesizing various synthetic and semi- synthetic organic compounds and new molecules in

various therapeutics categories such as anti-bacterial, anti-viral, antihistaminic and antifungal drugs.

Also has extensive experience in marketing of Bulk Drugs and Drug intermediates in addition to

general administration of companies.

The R&D centre is co-located along with the manufacturing unit at IDA, Kukatpally and has

a multi-disciplinary team that works on applying new technologies/ processes for better

efficiencies. The Almelo Group has a fully equipped high-tech laboratory with advanced

instruments and top-notch research personnel at its facility.

The project proponent committed to acquire competitive edge globally in its business

through utilization of the best and most appropriate techniques and technologies applying the

Current Good Manufacturing Practices (CGMP) to give quality products and services to the

customer for competitive price every time. It is envisaged that the industry will continue to be

operated in a clean and safe manner and would remain as an example in protection of

environment by adopting the policy of sustainable development.

Almelo Pvt. Ltd. is established by Mr. T. S. Prasad, Managing Director, who has about

three decades of experience in Bulk APIs manufacturing in reputed companies like Dr. Reddy's

Laboratories as Director-Technical, Orchid Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals Ltd., as Deputy

Managing Director. Marketing is headed by Mr. Prasanth Nandigala (Director) M.S, M.B.A

(U.S.A) who has considerable experience in both domestic and international marketing.

It is ensured that the environmental discharges are well within the limits stipulated by the

Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) / Telangana Pollution Control Board (TPCB). There

are no court cases or litigations against the Proposal.

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1.3 Regulatory Framework

A policy framework has been developed to complement the legislative provisions. The Policy

Statement for Abatement of Pollution and the National Conservation Strategy and Policy

Statement on Environment and Development were brought out by the MoEF in 1992, to

develop and promote initiatives for the protection and improvement of the environment. The

EAP (Environmental Legal and regulatory framework Action Programme) was formulated in 1993

with the objective of improving environmental services and integrating environmental

considerations in to development programmes.

The following acts and rules have been promulgated by the government from time to time

for protection and preservation of environment, which the industry proposes to follow and

comply with.

The Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and its amendments.

The Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Cess, Act, 1977 and its amendments.

The Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 and its amendments.

The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and its amendments.

Environmental Impact Assessment Notification dated 14th September 2006 and its

amendments.

The Hazardous Waste (MH & TM) Rules, 2008 and its amendments

The Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals (Amendment) Rules,

2000

Chemical Accident (Emergency Planning, Preparedness and Response) Rules, 1996

Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 and its amendments

The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991 and its amendments.

The Batteries (Management and Handling) Rules 2001 and its amendments.

Ozone Depleting Substances (Regulation and Control) Rules 2000.

The Recycled Plastic Manufacture and Usage Rules, 1999 and its amendments.

The industry also proposes for compliance of other regulations such as:

:. A.P. Factories Act 1948

:. The Explosives Act 1984

:. The Petroleum Act 1934

:. The Petroleum Rules 2002

:. Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 etc.

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1.4 Proposed Project

The project proponent proposed to establish Bulk Drugs & Intermediates manufacturing

unit with R&D facility in Sy. No. 227,228 & 137 (136) in an area of 9.33 Ha (23.06 acres) with

an investment of 31.5 crores at Shabashpally (V), Shivampet (M), Medak District, Telangana to

manufacture 9 Bulk Drugs & intermediates at a time on Campaign basis with a total production

capacity of 708 TPA. The manufacturing process of bulk drugs and intermediates consists of

chemical synthesis extending to maximum of 11 stages of processing involving different type of

chemical reactions. These drugs are mainly used for human medication after formulation activity

for various diseases.

1.5 Project Site

For setting up of proposed project, the site has been identified at Shabashpally (V),

Shivampet (M), Medak District, Telangana (Fig.1.1). The project site is situated in the intersection

of the latitude 17°4819"N and longitude 78°25'57"E near Shabashpally (V). The proposed site

covers an area of about 9.33 Ha (23.06 acres) land. The Shabashpally Village is 0.6 km in N

direction to the proposed site. The total proposed land is private land and is in possession of

project proponent. There is no National Park or Wild life Sanctuary within 10 km radius of study

area.

The proposed project site boundaries with longitude and latitude are shown in google

image is shown in Fig.1.2. The salient features of environmental setting are presented in Table

1.1.The proposed site is plain land, away from human habitation, ponds, reserve forests etc. The

transportation of Raw Material and Finished Products can be arranged by road, rail, and air

destinations. This proposed project site is located at a distance of about 22 km from Hyderabad

(ORR), 0.6 km (aerial distance) from Shabashpally Village (N direction), 3.9 km (aerial distance)

from National Highway (NH)-7 and 0.4 km from Narsapur- Tupran Road and 6.1 km from

Shivampet Mandal.

Hazard & Risk Assessment

Hazard identification, based on maximum credible accident analysis, consequence analysis

to indicate damage distances in the worst possible accident scenario and delineation of risk

mitigation measures.

.




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Site Details, Environment, Accessibility And Plant Details

Table 1.1: Salient Features of the Proposed Project

SI. No. Particulars Details

1. Location

Village / Mandal / District Shabashpally / Shivampeta / Medak

State Telangana

Latitude 17°4819"N

Longitude 78°25'57"E

Survey & Plot Nos. 227, 228 & 137, (136). Industrial Land

2. Total Plant Area 23.278 acres

3. Type of Project Bulk Drugs & Intermediates manufacturing facility with R&D.

4. Products and Production Capacity

Total 23 products (342 TPA) on campaign products (any 5 products at a time).

5. Elevation 560 m

6. Land use at the project area Industrial development area

7. Nearest habitation Annaraugudem (1.7 km S), Gopalpet (1.7 km E) and

Narasimharao peta (0.7 km NNW)

8. Nearest major town Medak (30 km, SW), Hyderabad 200 km

Nearest town: Shivampeta: 7.5 km South from site.

9. Nearest highway NH-7: 3.9 km and

Narsapur -Tupran Road: 0.4 km

10. Nearest railway track from Project site

Palat Potharam Railway Station - 2.7km

11. Nearest airport Shamshabad Airport, 62 km

12. Nearest tourist places Nil

13. Defence installations Nil within 10 km radius

14. Archaeological importance Nil within 10 km radius

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SI. No. Particulars Details

15. Ecological sensitive zones Nil within 10 km radius

16. National Parks /Wildlife Sanctuary (from Project Site)

Nil within 5 km radius from project site

17. Reserved / Protected forest

Reserve Forest

Reserve Forest distance from the Site (km)

1. Kannegiri RF : 4.8 km E

2. Gobbagurti RF: 8.6 km W

18. Nearest streams / Rivers /

water bodies (from Project

Site)

Haldi River, 8 km (NE)

19. Other Industries /Mines There is Spinning and Cold storage unit in the

industrial park.

20. Seismic zone Study region fall in Zone I - Least active to seismic intensity

14

III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III AI PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor



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15

LE

III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III MI PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor



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17





Process Description:

List of Products with their Production Capacity and Therapeutic use Table:

SI.

No. Product Name

Quantity





























18











32 Anagliptin 8

Anti-diabetic

























19
























20




.


ORGANIZATION:

M/s Almelo Pvt Ltd. Unit - II Sciences is headed by the Chief Operating Officer. He is

assisted by all Department Heads. Production activities are looked after by the production head,

EHS activities by head, safety, health & head environment, engineering aspects by head (Main.)

plant electrical maintenance by electrical engineer, material inventory by stores head, personnel

& administration wings, Finance & supply chain management head are directly reporting to chief

operating officer.

The plants are being operated on round the clock basis in 3 shifts. The shift timings

will be as given below:

15, Shift 06.00 to 14.00 hrs

2nd Shift 14.00 to 22.00 hrs

3rd Shift 22.00 to 06.00 hrs

The general shift working hrs will be 09.00 to 17.30 hrs with 1 hr Lunch break.

The security staff is on contract basis and is available round the clock. The security staff

consists of security supervisor and security guards.

Operation and Maintenance personnel have vast and pertinent line experience. They will

be further trained so as to update them with the new Technology or process, if any. The staff are

also adequately trained in safety, first aid and handling of portable fire extinguishers to tackle

Fires & other exigencies, etc.

Organization Chart is furnished below.

21





Proposed Organization Chart

MANAGING DIRECTOR

GENERAL MANAGER (OPERATIONS)

PRODUCTION

MANAGER

ASSISTANT

PRODUCTION

MANAGER

SHIFT-IN -

CHARGE

PRODUCTION

ASSISTANT

PRODUCTION

HELPER

MAINTENANCE

MANAGER

ASSISTANT

MAINT.

MANAGER

SENIOR

FITTER

JUNIOR

FITTER

1 SHIFT

FITTER

Q.C.

MANAGER

SENIOR

ELECTRI

CIAN

JUNIOR

ELECTRI

CIAN

SHIFT

ELECTRI

CIAN

1 BOILER

OPERATOR

SHIFT

STORES

MANAGER

SHIFT

CHEMIST

JUNIOR

CHEMIST

R &D CHEMIST

INSTRUMEN

TATION

CHEMIST

STORES

SUPERVISOR

STORE

HELPER

Q.A.

MANAGER

Q.A.

ASSISTANT

22




fr fr Almelo Pvt Ltd Unit - II. HARA Report

GENERAL HAZARDS ASSOCIATED WITH FLAMMABLE, TOXIC AND

CORROSIVE LIQUIDS AND GASES

Flammable Liquids

When flammable liquids like Methanol, Toluene, Hexane etc., are released from a storage

vessel or a pipeline, a fraction of it may vaporize immediately and the other portion will form a

liquid pool, if the released quantity is large enough. The flammable liquid from the pool

vaporizes rapidly entrapping some liquid as droplets as well as considerable amount of air,

forming a vapour cloud. The vapour cloud is relatively heavier than air and forms a thin layer

on the ground and flows downwind into trenches and depressions and could travel to a

considerable distance this way.

As the cloud formed in the area of spill moves downwind under the influence of wind, it

gets diluted. If there is a source of ignition, when the vapor cloud is within the flammability

limit, this can cause flash fire, explosion and if the liquid pool still exists and remains in touch of

cloud under fire, it can ignite the whole mass of the liquid, causing a pool fire. In the pool fire, it

burns throughout the pool diameter radiating heat. The fire damage in such a case is restricted to

the plant area nearer to source of generation. Pool fire causes different levels of incident thermal

radiation.

However, if there is no source of ignition, the vapor cloud will not ignite and will get so diluted

to such a level that the mixture is no longer explosive. However, it can cause asphyxiation due

to displacement of oxygen in the vicinity. As the quantities of flammable liquids handled in this

plant are small, the situations like Unconfined Vapor Cloud Explosion (UVCE) and Boiling Liquid

Expanding Vapor Explosion (BLEVE) are not dealt with.

Flammable Gases

When flammable gases like Natural gas, Hydrogen etc., are released from a pipeline or a

cylinder into the atmosphere, the released Gas may catchfire causing different levels of incident

thermal radiation, if there is a source of ignition.

23





As the cloud formed in the area of leakage moves downwind under the influence of

wind, it gets diluted. With a source of ignition, when the gas cloud is within the flammability

limit, this can cause flash fire or explosion, igniting the whole mass of gas.

However, if there is no source of ignition, the gas cloud will not get ignited and will get

diluted to such a level that the mixture is no longer explosive. However, it can cause

asphyxiation due to displacement of oxygen in the vicinity.

Thermal radiation

Thermal radiation due to pool fire may cause various degrees of burns to the persons

exposed and affect the exposed equipment/structural. Following are the heat flux levels and

likely injury or damage from thermal radiation.

Radiation Levels Injury/Damage Effects (kw/m2)

0.7 Skin reddens and burns on prolonged exposure

1.75 Pain threshold reached after 60 seconds

2.0 PVC insulated cable damage

5.0 Pain threshold reached after 15 seconds Equilibrium temperature 230Deg C

6.4 Pain threshold reached after 8 seconds II degree burns after 20 seconds

9.5 Pain threshold reached after 6 seconds Equilibrium temperature 320°C

12.5 Wood ignites on prolonged exposure in presence of a pilot flame

15.0 Temp. Limit of class II building materials reached. Equilibrium tem 390°C

16.0 Severe burns after 5 seconds.

25.1 Wood ignites on longer exposure without pilot flame

30.0 Temp. Limit for class I building materials reached.

37.5 Severe damage to unprotected plant with fire. 100% Lethality

The level of damage caused is a function of the duration of exposure as well as heat flux.

This is true both for the effects on buildings and plant equipment as well as personnel. However,

the variation in likely exposure time is much more marked with personnel due to the possibility

of finding "shelter". The following table gives the relationship between exposure time and heat

flux against the fatality probability factors.

24





% of Fatality-* 10% 50% 99%

Heat Flux (Kw / M2) Time in seconds

1.6 500 1300

3200 4.0 150

370 930 12.5

30 80 200

37.5 8 20

50

In general, it might be possible to take "shelter" within 30-60 seconds. As can be seen

from the above table, the change between very low to very high fatality probability occurs

between heat flux levels of around 12.5 kw / m2 and 37.5 kw / m2.

The degree of thermal radiation in terms of total incident thermal energy dose levels

are relevant as shown in table below.

Physiological effect of threshold thermal dosage

Threshold Thermal Dose Effects (KJ / m2)

375 3rd degree burns

250 2nd degree burns

125 Pt degree burns

65 Threshold of pain or skin blister

Blast Effects

Flammable liquid vapours released accidentally would normally spread out in the

direction of wind and if a source of ignition is found when the lower inflammable level is

reached, a flash fire preceded by a vapour cloud explosion will result. The resultant blast over

pressure of the explosion may have serious damaging effects on building, structural and

equipment, which are summarized below.

Blast over pressure Damage Level

(Psi)

5.0 Major structural damage. Fatal to people in the premises.

2.5 Ear drum damage

2.0 Repairable damage, pressure vessels remain intact, light

structures collapse.

25




111 III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III 111 111 III 41


1.0 Window breakage, possibly causing injury.

Toxic Chemicals

a) When a toxic vapour or gas is inhaled e.g. ammonia, methanol, toluene, HCL etc. the

damage to life from inhalation is determined by the toxic dose, as per the equation given below.

D=Cnxt Where

D = Toxic dose

C = Concentration of the toxic vapour in ppm or mg/M3

t = Exposure time in seconds or minutes

n = Exponent, mostly 1.0. it takes into account the fact that a high

Concentration over a short period results in a larger damage than a low concentration over a

relatively longer period of exposure.

b) In certain circumstances, it is possible to apply the probit function to obtain additional

information on the magnitude of the hazard. The probit method uses the logarithmic expression

of toxic dose as given below

Pr = a + b loge(Cnt)

Pr = Probit number

a and b are Constants.

From the probit number, estimated percentages of people affected (or estimates of the number

of fatalities) can be determined using standard probit tables. For example

Pr = 2.67 means 1% population affected.






Probit equation parameters for individual gases are usually derived from animal

experiments. Animal experiments are usually done on groups of rats or mice. Occasionally,

human toxicity factors have also been derived from previous accidents. The constants for probit

equation are available for several substances.

For ammonia

A = -35.90 1.85

26

111 111 111 III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III 111 4111 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor



IM III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III I. I. I. I. I.

Almelo Pvt Ltd Unit - H.

C = in ppm N = 2.0 T = minutes

Some of the terms used in the study

HARA Report

1. IDLH value

The Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health value. This represents the

maximum concentration in air of a substance to which a healthy

worker can be exposed for as long as 30 minutes and still be able to

escape without loss of life or irreversible organ system damage. It also

takes into consideration acute toxic reactions such as severe eye

irritation that could prevent escape. For ammonia it is 500 ppm.

2. Odor

Threshold

This is the lowest concentration in air that most humans can detect by

smell.

3. STIL

Short Term Inhalation Limits. The maximum permissible average

exposures for the time periods specified. For ammonia, it is 50 ppm for

5 minutes.

4. TLV

Threshold Limit Value is defined as the concentration of the substance

in air that can be breathed for five consecutive eight hour days (40

hour work week) by most people without adverse effect.

27

1M 1M 1M III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III IM MI. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor



111 III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III 11111


RISK / HAZARD ANALYSIS:

Risk Analysis involves identification of hazards and the associated risks, if any, involved in

the plant operations. Recognition of all possible hazards and analysis of the associated risks is an

important first step to improve the safety and reliability of any installation. Such an analysis

would provide the necessary inputs for the safe operation of the Plant.

The risk analysis study is designed to identify the hazards in terms of the types of materials

handled, their inventories and vulnerable practices and operations. The plant is manufacturing

various types of drugs and intermediates. The raw materials & solvents used and the products

produced are given. The safety data of flammable, toxic and hazardous chemicals which come

under 'Hazardous Chemicals' category, as per the manufacture, storage and import of Hazardous

Chemicals Rules 1989, amendments 1994 & 2000 are furnished in report. The chemicals include

both solvents and raw materials.

Since most od the reactions are carried our under less temp and pressure i.e be;ow 250 o C and

lat atmospheric pressure , the reisk involvesd is less.

28

111 111 111 III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III MIN PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor



1 II II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II 31 II II


Products Manufactured - Most of the Intermediates / Products Manufactured are

not Hazardous Chemicals:

SI.No. Raw Material Physical Status of Chemical

Rating Melting

Point ( °C)

Boiling Point ( °C)

TLV Value (PPM)

1 3-Chloroaniline Solid 3 67-70 232 0.01

2 Acetic acid Liquid 3 17 °C 118.1 °C 10

3 Acetic Anhydride Liquid 2 -73.1 140 5

4 Acetone Liquid 1 -95.35 56.5 1000 5 Acetonitrile Liquid 2 -46 81-82 20 6 Ammonia (25%) Liquid 3 -77.73 -33.34 50 7 Aniline Liquid 3 -6.3 184.13 2

8 Bromine Liquid 3 7.2 58.8 0.1

9 Chloroacetyl Chloride Liquid 3 -22 106 0.05 10 Chlorobenzene Liquid 3 -45 131 10

11 Chloroform Liquid 2 -63.5 61.15 10

12 Chlorosulfonic acid Liquid 4 -80 151-152 5

13 Cyclohexane Liquid 1 6.47 80.7 300 14 Diethylamine Liquid 3 -49.8 54.8 5

15 Dimethyl Sulfide Liquid 2 -98 35-41 10

16 Dimethylamine (40%) Liquid 3 N/A 100 10

17 Ethanol Liquid 2 -114 78.37 1000

18 Ethyl Acetate Liquid 1 -83.6 77.1 400 19 Ethylene Diamine Liquid 3 8 116 10

20 Ethylene Dichloride Liquid 3 -35 83.5 1

21 Ethylene glycol Liquid 1 -13 197.6 400 22 Formaldehyde (39%) Liquid 3 -92 -19 0.3

23 Formic acid Liquid 3 8.4 100.8 5

24 Hydrochloric acid (35%) Liquid 3 N/A N/A 1 mg/m3

25 Hydrogen Gas 0 -259.2 -423

26 Hydrogen Chloride Gas 3 -112 -85 5

27 Isopropyl Alcohol Liquid 1 -89 82.5 400 28 Methanol Liquid 1 -97 65 200 29 Methyl Ethyl Ketone Liquid 1 -86 79.64 0.2

30 Methylamine (40%) Liquid 3 -93.3 -6.1 5

31 Methylene Dichloride Liquid 2 -96.7 39.6 50 32 n-Butanol Liquid 1 -89.8 117.7 20 33 n-Hexane Liquid 2 -96 68.5 500 34 o-Xylene Liquid 2 -24 144.4 100

29

II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II NE PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor



r' Ml MI 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II 11 MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI 11 II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II


SI.No. Raw Material Physical Status of Chemical

Rating Melting

Point (°C)

Boiling Point ( °C)

TLV Value (PPM)

35 Phosphorous Oxychloride Liquid

3 1.25 105.8 0.1

36 Phosphorus Trichloride Liquid 4 -93.6 76.1 0.5

37 Propargyl Alcohol Liquid 4 -51 114 1

38 Pyridine Liquid 3 -41.6 115.2 5

39 Sodium Azide Solid 4 275 N/A 0.1

40 Sulfuric acid Liquid 3 -35 270 1 mg/m3 41 Tetrahydrofuran Liquid 2 -108.3 65 200 42 Thionyl Chloride Liquid 3 -104.5 76 1

43 Toluene Liquid 2 -95 110.6 200 44 Triethylamine Liquid 3 -115 89.7 25

Raw Material / Chemicals and Solvents storage

The following solvents / Raw Materials in bulk are stored in tanks.

SI.No. Name of the Raw Material Quantity per day

Maximum Storage

Physical Status

Storage Method

Handling method

Kg Tons / KL

1 (±) Medetamidine 20.4 0.3 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

2 (+) Tartaric acid 15.41 0.4 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

3 (1R)- 1- (Naphthalen -1 -yl) ethanamine 23.15 0.3 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

4 (1R, 2R)-1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid

17.42 0.2 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

5

(2S)-1-[(2R)-2-(tert-Butoxy carbonylamino)-2-cyclohexyl acetyl]- azetidine-2-carboxylic acid


Gloves and gaggles

6 (4-4-Diethoxybutyl) dimethylamine 3.68 0.1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

7 (4-Chlorophenyl) phenyl methanone 100 0.4 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

30






Maximum Storage

Physical Status

Storage Method

Handling method

8

(E) -tert- Butyl- 7- (2- cyclopropyl -4 -(4- fluorophenyl) quinolin- 3- yl) -5- hydroxy-3-oxohept-6-enoate

46 0.3 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

9 (R)-2-Amino-3-methy1-1,1- diphenylbutan-1-1o1

1.67 0.4 SOLID

containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

10

(S)[[(1,1-Dimethylethoxy)Carbonyl] amino-3-hydroxy tricyclo[3.3.1.1] decane -1 acetic acid

23.33 0.4 SOLID

containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

11 (S)-3-(Methylamino)-1-(thiophen-2-y1) propan-l-ol


Gloves and gaggles

12 (5)-4,5,6,7-Tetrahydro benzo [d] thiazole-2,6-diamine


Gloves and gaggles

13 (5)-tert-Butyl-5-azaspiro[2,4]-heptan-7- yl-carbamate

20 0.3 containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

14 1-(1,2-Benzoisothiazol-3-y1) piperazine Hydrochloride


Gloves and gaggles

15 1-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl) piperzine Hydrochloride 15 0.3 SOLID containers

Use Mask Gloves and

gaggles

16

1- (4- Nitrophenyl) -4- methyl -7,8- methylene dioxy-5H-2,3- benzodiazapine


Gloves and gaggles

17 1,2,3,5-Tetra-o-Acetyl Ribofuranose 39.21 0.5 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

18 1,2-Benzisoxazole-3-methane sulfonate sodium


Gloves and gaggles

19 1,4-Dioxane 74.47 1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

20 1-Benzy1-4-(5,6-dimethoxy-1-indanon)- 2-y1 dienylmethyl piperidine Hydrochloride


Gloves and gaggles

21

1-Cyclopropy1-6,7-difluoro-8-methoxy- 4-oxo-1,4-dihydro quinolin-3- carboxylic acid


Gloves and gaggles

22 1-Dodecanethiol 22.67 0.2 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

31






Maximum Storage

Physical Status

Storage Method

Handling method

23 1-Ethyl-3-(3'-dimethyl aminopropyl) carbodiimide Hydrochloride


Gloves and gaggles

24 1-Fluoro Naphthalene 56 0.4 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

25 2- (1- Methylpyrrolidin -2 -yl) ethanamine

2.49 0.1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

26 2-(2-Ethoxyphenoxy) ethylbromide 25.91 0.4 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

27 2-(Chloromethyl)-4-methyl Quinazoline


Gloves and gaggles

28 2,2-Dimethoxy propane 37.5 0.5 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

29 2,4,6-Trichlorobenzoyl chloride 0.11 0.2 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

30 244-(4-Chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl] -3- chloronaphthalene-1,4-dione


Gloves and gaggles

31 2-Acetylbutyrolactone 20 0.2 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

32 2-Amino-3-(phenyl methoxy) Pyridine 26.83 0.5 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

33 2-Azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-3- carbamide


Gloves and gaggles

34 2-Butyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4,4]non-l-ene-4- one Hydrochloride


Gloves and gaggles

35 2-Chloro phenylacetic acid 23.33 0.5 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

36 2-Chloroadenine 13.71 0.3 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

37 2-Chloroethanol 14.67 1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

32






Maximum Storage

Physical Status

Storage Method

Handling method

38 2- Chloromethyl -3, 4- dimethoxy pyridine Hydrochloride 14.67 0.2 SOLID containers

Use Mask Gloves and

gaggles

39 2-Cyno-4-bromomethyl biphenyl 85 0.5 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

40 2- Formyl- 3- oxopropionic acid ethyl ester


Gloves and gaggles

41 2-Hydroxy-5-Nitrobenzoic acid 50.44 0.5 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

42 2-Mercapto Benzimidazole 40.73 0.8 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

43 2-Methoxy Propene 66.7 2 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

44 2- Methyl -2- Butanone 9.17 1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

45 2-0xo-1-phenyl-3-oxabicyclo[3.1.0]- hexane


Gloves and gaggles

46 3(1-Piperazinyl) benzisothiazole Hydrochloride


Gloves and gaggles

47 3-(2-Benzyloxy-5-methyl phenyl) -3- phenyl propan-l-ol


Gloves and gaggles

48 3-(Bromomethyl) biphenyl 9.07 0.3 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

49 3-(N-Methyl amino) Propionitrile 3.4 0.3 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

50 3-(Trifluoromethyl)-5,6,7,8- tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3- a]pyrazine Hydrochloride


Gloves and gaggles

51 3-Amino-5-methylpyrazole 31.94 0.5 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

52 3-Chloroaniline 3.85 0.5 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

33






Maximum Storage

Physical Status

Storage Method

Handling method

53 3-Ethynylaniline 220.04 0.2 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

54 3-Methyl Butyraldehyde 50.13 0.2 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

55 3-N itrobenzaldehyde 7.25 0.7 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

56 3-Trifluoromethyl cinnamic acid 32.48 1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

57 4-(2,2,2-Trifluoroethoxy)-2-(chloro methyl)-3-methylpyridine Hydrochloride


Gloves and gaggles

58 4-(3-Methoxy propoxy)-3-methy1-2- chloromethyl Pyridine Hydrochloride


Gloves and gaggles

59 4-(Bromomethyl) bi phenyl -2- carbonitrile


Gloves and gaggles

59 4-(Bromomethyl) bi phenyl -2- carbonitrile


Gloves and gaggles

61 4-(tert-Butyl)benzene-1-sulfonamide 4.25 0.5 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

62 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydrothieno [3,2c] pyridine Hydrochloride


Gloves and gaggles

63 4-Amino-1,2,4-Triazole 2.72 0.1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

64 4-Amino-l-methy1-3-propyl-1H- pyrazole-5-carboxamide


Gloves and gaggles

65 4-Amino-2-chloro-6,7-dimethoxy quinazoline


Gloves and gaggles

66 4-Benzoyloxycyclohexanone 21.76 1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

67 4-Chlorophenol 13.67 1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

68 4-Cyanophenyl Hydrazine Hydrochloride

17.23 0.3 SOLID containers Use Mask Gloves

34






Maximum Storage

Physical Status

Storage Method

Handling method

69 4-Methoxy benzaldehyde 10 0.5 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

70 4-Methoxy phenylbromide 13.83 0.5 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

71 4-N itrobenzyl bromide 6.63 0.5 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

72 5-(2-Methoxyphenoxy)-4,6-dichloro- 2-(pyrimidin-2-y1) pyrimidine


Gloves and gaggles

73 5-(2R)-(2-AminopropyI)-2-methoxy benzene Sulfonamide


Gloves and gaggles

74 5-(ChlorosulfonyI)-2-propoxybenzoic acid


Gloves and gaggles

75 5-Bromo-6-Thioureidoquinoxaline 6.12 0.1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

76 5-Difluoromethoxy-2-mercapto benzimidazole


Gloves and gaggles

77 5-Hydroxymethyl tolterodine (Crude) 15.87 0.2 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

78 5-Methoxy-2-[[(3,5-dimethy1-4- methoxy pyridin -2 -yl) methyl] thio]- 1H-benzimidazole


Gloves and gaggles

79 5-N itro-1H-indole 12.06 0.5 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

80 6-(4-Bromobutoxy)-Carbostyril 15 0.5 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

81 6-Chloro-5-(2-chloro ethyl) oxindole 38.97 0.8 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

82 6-Fluoro-l-methyl-4-oxo-7-(piperazine- 1- yl)- 1,4- dihydro [1,3]thiazeto[3,2-a] quinoline-3-carboxylic acid


Gloves and gaggles

83

6-Fluoro-3(4-piperidinyI)-1,2- benzoxazole mono Hydrochloride 15.5 0.4 SOLID containers

Use Mask Gloves and

gaggles

84 7-Amino-2(3H)-benzoxazolone 4.76 0.3 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

35






Maximum Storage

Physical Status

Storage Method

Handling method

85 8-Bromo-7-(but-2-ynyI)-3-methyl-1H- purine- 2,6 -(3 H,7H) -dione


Gloves and gaggles

86 8-Chloro-6,7-difluoro-14(15,25)-2- fluorocycloproyl)- 4- oxo -1,4- dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid


Gloves and gaggles

87 Acetic acid 300.7 10 LIQUID Tanker Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

88 Acetic Anhydride 470.17 10 LIQUID Tanker Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

89 Acetone 9157.90 25 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

90 Acetonitrile 1791.47 20 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

91 Acyclovir 60.33 0.1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

92 Adenine 7.59 0.2 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

93 Aluminium Chloride 22.33 0.4 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

94 Aluminium Trichloride 60.12 0.3 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

95 Amantadine Hydrochloride 21 0.3 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

96 Aminovenlafaxine Hydrochloride 18.33 0.2 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

97 Ammonia 49.27 0.5 GAS Cylinder Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

98 Ammonia (25%) 2688.06 5 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

99 Ammonium Acetate 15.41 0.3 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

36





M7'


Maximum Storage

Physical Status

Storage Method

Handling method

100 Ammonium Chloride 135.97 2 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

101 Ammonium formate 195.33 2 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

102 Ammonium Sulfate 7.28 0.1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

103

Aniline 9.17 0.2 LIQUID containers

Use Mask Gloves and

gaggles

104 Anisole 60 1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

105 Arylamidoxime Compound 16.09 0.4 POWDER containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

106 Azacyclonol 33.33 0.4 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

107 Benzaldehyde 9.17 0.2 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

108 Benzenesufonic acid 28.33 0.5 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

109 Benzoic Acid 1.98 0.1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

110 Benzyl[(Z)[4-(aminomethyl) phenyl] (hydroxyimino) methyl]carbamate


Gloves and gaggles

111 Boc-Butanoic acid 88.33 1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

112 Borane 0.5 0.8 GAS Cylinder Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

113 Boric acid 0.93 1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

114 Boron trifluoride etherate 28 0.3 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

37

III II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II 111111 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor





Maximum Storage

Physical Status

Storage Method

Handling method

115 Bromine 42.94 0.5 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

116 Calcium Acetate 11.83 0.3 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

117 Calcium Hydroxide 8.5 0.2 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

118 Carbon 262.13 2 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

119 Carbon Dioxide 4.83 0.2 GAS containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

120 Carbonyl diimidazole 31.37 0.5 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

121 Catechol 20.04 0.5 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

122 Chloroacetyl Chloride 22.02 0.5 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

123 Chlorobenzene 148.47 5 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

124 Chloroform 1829.1 20 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

125 Chlorosulfonic acid 21.53 0.5 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

126 Chromium Trioxide 64.5 0.8 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

127 cis-5-N orbornane-endo-2,3- dicarboxylic anhydride


Gloves and gaggles

128 Copper Acetate Monohydrate 15.78 0.3 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

129 Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate 0.91 0.2 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

38






Maximum Storage

Physical Status

Storage Method

Handling method

130 Cumene Hydroperoxide 16.67 0.2 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

131 Cyclohexane 610.27 20 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

132 Cyclopentyl chloroformate 9.38 0.2 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

133 Dabigatran Etexilate Mesylate (Crude) 16.06 0.2 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

134 Dexlansoprazole 23.17 0.3 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

135 Dialdehyde 48.02 0.6 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

136 Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide 156.07 2 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

137 Diethanolamine 39.87 0.5 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

138 Diethyl Malonate 144 1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

140 Diethyl Tartrate 21 0.4 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

141 Diethylamine 16.64 0.3 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

142 Diethylmethoxyborane 10.5 0.3 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

143 Diisobutyl Dicarbonate 18.13 0.3 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

144 Diisopropyl Ether 4791.89 20 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

145 Diisopropylamine 19.65 0.5 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

146 Diisopropylethylamine 70.00 3 LIQUID containers Use Mask Gloves

39






Maximum Storage

Physical Status

Storage Method

Handling method

147 Dimethyl Cabonate 9.17 0.4 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

148 Dimethyl Sulfide 2.49 0.1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

149 Dimethyl Sulfoxide 8246.12 40 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

150 Dimethylacetamide 1130.17 10 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

151 Dimethylamine (40%) 142.29 2 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

152 Dimethylaminopyridine 7.18 0.2 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

153 Dimethylformamide 1706.71 20 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

154 Dimethylolpropionic acid 0.23 0.5 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

155 Dimethyl Sulfate 10.27 0.3 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

156 Erythromycin base 577.18 10 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

157 Ethanol 4905.41 25 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

158 Ethanol in Water (90%) 273.33 7 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

159 Ethanolic Hydrochloride (37%) 19.49 0.3 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

160 Ethoxydiphenyl phosphine 65 0.5 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

161 Ethyl Acetate 5260.97 50 LIQUID Tanker Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

162 Ethyl Acrylate 4.65 0.1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

40






Maximum Storage

Physical Status

Storage Method

Handling method

163 Ethyl Bromoacetate 25.17 0.3 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

164 Ethyl Chloroformate 7.37 0.1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

165 Ethyl Nicotinate 33.83 0.4 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

166 Ethyl-4-chloro-3-hydroxy butanoate 67.5 0.5 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

167 Ethylbromo Acetate 5.44 0.1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

168 Ethylene Diamine 4.99 0.1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

169 Ethylene Dichloride 200.4 10 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

170 Ethylene glycol 1.25 0.1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

171 Ferric Chloride 0.34 0.1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

172 Fluoro erythronolide A-11, 12-

carbamate 1566.98 15 SOLID containers

Use Mask Gloves and

gaggles

173 Fluorobenzaldehyde 9.67 0.1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

174 Formaldehyde (37%) 277.61 7 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

175 Formic acid 179.01 2 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

176 Fumaric acid 4.99 0.2 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

177 Hexamethyldisilazane 102.27 1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

41






Maximum Storage

Physical Status

Storage Method

Handling method

178 HOBT Hydrate 10.5 0.1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

179 Hydrazine Hydrate (50%) 75.01 0.5 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

180 Hydrochloric acid (35%) 1928.55 10 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

181 Hydrogen 8.22 0.1 GAS Cylinder Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

182 Hydrogen bromide in Acetic acid (38%)

506.67 5 GAS Cylinder Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

183 Hydrogen Chloride 1.7 0.1 GAS Cylinder Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

184 Hydrogen Peroxide (50%) 35 0.3 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

185 Hydrose 3.33 0.1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

186 Hydroxylamine Hydrochloride 184.54 3 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

187 Hyflo 715.96 8 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

188 Imidazole 9.67 0.2 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

189 Isobutyryl Chloride 5.67 0.2 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

190 Isopropyl Acetate 1887.2 25 LIQUID Tanker Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

191 Isopropyl Alcohol 3983.87 50 LIQUID Tanker Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

192 Isopropyl Alcohol Hydrochloride (15%)

116.7 3 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

42






Maximum Storage

Physical Status

Storage Method

Handling method

193 Isopropyl Ether 66.87 2 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

194 L(+) Tartaric acid 58.87 0.5 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

195 L-Camphor sulfonic acid 27.17 0.5 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

196 Lithium Aluminium Hydride 9 0.1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

197 Lithium Hexamethyl disilazane in

Toluene (25%) 271 SOLID containers

Use Mask Gloves and

gaggles

198 L-Pyroglutamic acid 4.53 0.1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

199 L-Valine methyl ester Hydrochloride 68 1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

200 Magnesium 3 0.1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

201 Magnesium Chloride 43.33 0.5 SOLID Bags

Use Mask Gloves and

gaggles

202 Magnesium Sulfate Heptahydrate 11.67 20 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

203 Maleic acid 7.67 0.1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

204 Manganese Dioxide 26 0.3 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

205 Methanesulfonic acid 61.26 1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

206 Methanesulfonyl chloride 76.29 1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

207 Methanol 12035.97 50 LIQUID Tanker Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

208 Methanolic Ammonia (12%) 161.95 2 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

43




M VI VI VI VI VI M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI M M M M M M M M M M VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI M MI



Maximum Storage

Physical Status

Storage Method

Handling method

209 Methyl acetoacetate 5.67 0.1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

210 Methyl Ethyl Ketone 269.40 20 LIQUID Tanker Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

211 Methyl Iodide 102.27 2 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

212 Methyl isobutyryl acetete 59.5 1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

213 Methyl tert-Butyl Ether 603.07 10 LIQUID Tanker Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

214 Methyl- 2- cyclohexyl -2- hydroxy -2- phenylacetate 20.4 0.4 LIQUID containers

Use Mask Gloves and

gaggles

215 Methyl -3- aminocrotonate 5.44 0.1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

216 Methyl -4-(4-Chloro-1-oxobuty1)-a,a- dimethyl phenyl acetate


Gloves and gaggles

217 Methyl-4-(bromomethyl)-3-methoxy bezoate 19.65 0.4 SOLID containers

Use Mask Gloves and

gaggles

218 Methyl -4- bromo -4- cyanobutanoate 13.67 0.4 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

219 Methylene Dichloride 11778.70 50 LIQUID Tankers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

220 Monomethylamine (40%) 218.54 2 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

221 N-Benzyl-N-methylethanolamine 3.85 0.1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

222 N-Boc-L-Alanine 38.13 0.5 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

223 n-Butanol 51 1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

224 N-Carbobenzyloxy-L-Valine 87.67 2 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

44

Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul UILI PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor



ill Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul Ul ft



Maximum Storage

Physical Status

Storage Method

Handling method

225 N-Chlorosuccinimide 5.44 0.1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

226 n-Hexane 125 2 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

227 Nitric acid (70%) 13.33 0.2 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

228 N-methyl-l-phenyl propane-2-amine- d-tartarate 11.79 0.2 SOLID containers

Use Mask Gloves and

gaggles

229 N-Methylbenzylamine 33.06 0.4 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

230 N-Meth ylpiperidine-3-amine Dihydrochloride


Gloves and gaggles

231 Ortho Toluene Sulfonamide 9.38 0.2 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

232 o-Xylene 300 5 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

233 Palladium Carbon 24.34 0.5 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

234 Palmitoyl Chloride 11.67 0.1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

235 Para Fluoro benzaldehyde 51 0.8 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

236 Peracetic acid (14%) 86.5 2 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

237 Phosphoric acid 143.12 2 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

238 Phosphorous acid 38 0.5 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

239 Phosphorous Oxychloride 95.98 2 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

45




HI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI II



Maximum Storage

Physical Status

Storage Method

Handling method

240 Phosphorous Pentaoxide 14 0.3 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

241 Phosphorus Trichloride 8.27 0.1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

242 Phthalimido Amlodipine 115 1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

243 P-Hydroxy benzoic acid 56.67 1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

244 Piperazine 4.19 1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

245 Piperidine 1.52 0.1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

246 Pivaloyl Chloride 40 0.5 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

247 Potassium Acetate 36.63 0.5 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

248 Potassium Bicarbonate 94.39 1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

249 Potassium Carbonate 274.59 3 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

250 Potassium Hydroxide 293.97 3 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

251 Potassium Iodide 12.67 0.1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

252 Potassium tert-Butaoxide 30.92 1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

253 Propargyl Alcohol 5.67 0.1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

254 Propargyl Bromide 4.76 0.1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

255 Propionic Anhydride 3.29 0.1 LIQUID containers Use Mask Gloves

46

VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI HI HI HI HI HI ULI PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor



ill III VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI SI



Maximum Storage

Physical Status

Storage Method

Handling method

256 p-Toluenesulfonic acid 0.67 0.1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

257 p-Toluenesulfonyl Chloride 89.20 1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

258 Pyridine 11.33 0.2 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

259 Pyridine Hydrobromide 115.61 1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

260 Pyrocatechol 4.99 0.1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

261 Pyrrolidine Derivative 37.97 0.5 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

262 Raney Nickel 12.03 0.3 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

263 Rhein 34.67 0.5 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

264 Rizatriptan 4.25 0.1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

265 S(+)-Methyl-d-(2-thienylethamino) (2- chlorophenyl)acetate Hydrochloride

111 1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

266 Savcosine methyl ester Hydrochloride 19.33 0.2 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

267 Seeding Material 0.92 0.1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

268 S-Methylisouerea Hydrochloride 52.5 1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

269 S-Nadifloxacin 48.43 1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

270 Sodium Acetate 13.33 0.2 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

271

Sodium Azide 25.33 0.2 SOLID containers

Use Mask Gloves and

gaggles

47

VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI HI HI HI HI HI Mil PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor





Maximum Storage

Physical Status

Storage Method

Handling method

272 Sodium Bicarbonate 306.15 4 SOLID Bags

Use Mask Gloves and

gaggles

273 Sodium Bisulfite 1109.00 10 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

274 Sodium Borohydride 92.65 1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

275 Sodium Carbonate 183.24 2 SOLID Bags

Use Mask Gloves and

gaggles

276 Sodium Chloride 458.87 5 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

277 Sodium Hydride (60% In Paraffion Oil)

46.22 1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

278 Sodium Hydroxde 1094.36 10 SOLID Bags

Use Mask Gloves and

gaggles

279 Sodium Hypochlorite (12%) 1136.03 10 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

280 Sodium Iodide 2.23 0.1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

281 Sodium Metabisulfite 0.36 0.1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

282 Sodium Methoxide 1.54 0.1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

283 Sodium Nitrite 3.74 0.1 SOLID Bags

Use Mask Gloves and

gaggles

284 Sodium Sulfate 68.23 1 SOLID Bags

Use Mask Gloves and

gaggles

285 Sodium Thiosulfate (10%) 9.75 0.1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

286 Sodium-2-chloro acetate 23.33 0.5 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

287 Sodium-L-Ascorbate 15.78 0.2 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

48






Maximum Storage

Physical Status

Storage Method

Handling method

288 Stannic Chloride 59.05 1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

289 Stannous Chloride Dihydrate 10.03 0.2 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

290 Succinic acid 5.83 0.1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

291 Sulfuric acid 82.78 1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

292 Tartaric acid 59.33 1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

293 tert-Butanol 49.87 1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

294 tert-Butyl acetate 47.5 1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

295 tert-Butyl piperidin -3 -yl carbamate 14.52 0.3 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

296 tert-Butyl-2-[(4R,65)-6-(cyano methyl)- 2,2-dimethy1-1,3-dioxan-4-yl] acetate


Gloves and gaggles

297 Tetrabutylammonium Hydrogen Sulfate


Gloves and gaggles

298 Tetraethylamine hydroxide 47.5 1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

299 Tetrahydro-2-furoic acid 7.93 0.1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

300 Tetrahydrofuran 5629.89 25 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

301

Thionyl Chloride 171.6 2 LIQUID containers

Use Mask Gloves and

gaggles

302 Titanium Isopropoxide 9.5 0.1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

49






Maximum Storage

Physical Status

Storage Method

Handling method

303 TMEDA 11.67 0.2 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

304 Toluene 17268.06 50 LIQUID Tanker Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

305 Tosyl Chloride 15.87 0.2 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

306 Tributyltin azide 99 1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

307 Triethylamime 361.39 5 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

308 Triflouroacetic acid 315.63 5 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

309 Trifluoroacetic Anhydride 28 0.5 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

310 Tri-n-Butyl Tinchloride 173 2 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

311 Triphenylphosphine 19.5 0.7 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

312 Trityl Chloride 84 1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

313 Vaccum Salt 1.98 0.1 SOLID Bags

Use Mask Gloves and

gaggles

314 Valeryl Chloride 40 1 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

315 Valproic acid 17.5 0.3 LIQUID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

316 Xylene 350 5 LIQUID Tanker Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

317 a-Bromo-2-chloro phenyl acetic acid 56.33 1 SOLID containers Use Mask

Gloves and gaggles

50




Almelo Pvt Ltd Unit - II.

Hazardous Solvents List:

HARA Report

SI.No. Name of the Raw Material Quantity

per day

Maximum

Storage

Physical

Status

Storage

Method Handling method

Kg Tons / KL

1 1,4-Dioxane 74.47 1 LIQUID containers Use Mask Gloves

and gaggles

2 Acetic acid 300.7 10 LIQUID Tanker Use Mask Gloves

and gaggles

3 Acetic Anhydride 470.17 10 LIQUID Tanker Use Mask Gloves

and gaggles

4 Acetone 9157.90 25 LIQUID containers Use Mask Gloves

and gaggles

5 Acetonitrile 1791.47 20 LIQUID containers Use Mask Gloves

and gaggles

6 Ammonium Chloride 135.97 2 SOLID containers Use Mask Gloves

and gaggles

7 Ammonium Sulfate 7.28 0.1 SOLID containers Use Mask Gloves

and gaggles

8 Benzoic Acid 1.98 0.1 SOLID containers Use Mask Gloves

and gaggles

9 Cyclohexane 610.27 20 LIQUID containers Use Mask Gloves

and gaggles

10 Diisopropyl Ether 4791.89 20 LIQUID containers Use Mask Gloves

and gaggles

11 Ethanol 4905.41 25 LIQUID containers Use Mask Gloves

and gaggles

12 Ethyl Acetate 5260.97 50 LIQUID Tanker Use Mask Gloves

and gaggles

13 Isopropyl Alcohol 3983.87 50 LIQUID Tanker Use Mask Gloves

and gaggles

14 Methanol 12035.97 50 LIQUID Tanker Use Mask Gloves

and gaggles

15 n-Butanol 51 1 LIQUID containers Use Mask Gloves

and gaggles

16 n-Hexane 125 2 LIQUID containers Use Mask Gloves

and gaggles

17 Toluene 17268.06 50 LIQUID Tanker Use Mask Gloves

and gaggles

18 Triethylamime 361.39 5 LIQUID containers Use Mask Gloves

and gaggles

19 Xylene 350 5 LIQUID Tanker Use Mask Gloves

and gaggles

51

NI NI NI NI.i





The bulk solvents and raw materials will be stored in above ground tanks as per statutory

norms, other liquid raw materials will be stored in Fiber or GI drums or in carboys of different

capacities in well-ventilated warehouses as per the safety norms. Solid chemicals are packed

mostly in HDPE bags & stored as such or in drums as per requirement.

Hazardous chemicals and solvents which are used/stored in the production of drugs, are

small in quantities and are far below the threshold quantities. Necessary First aid and fire fighting

equipments are to be provided.

Water / air reactant chemicals:

Sodium boro hydride raw material used is water/air reactant chemical. Major hazards of

fire and explosion are likely to occur, even if traces of Sodium boro hydride are directly exposed

to air/ oxygen, moisture or water. Strict instructions are to be enforced, not to use water or

conventional fire fighting appliances, in view of this highly water reactant chemical, even in the

case of fire also. Only dry sand / salt shall be used to extinguish such fires.

These materials shall be handled although in covered containers or poly bags and

shall not be exposed to air or water. They are to be stored in air tight steel drums and kept

segregated and well protected.

Typical failure frequencies are given below:

Item Mode of failure Failure frequencies

Atmospheric vessel Serious leak 1 x 10-5/Yr

Process pipelines

50 mm dia. Full bore rupture

Significant leak

8.8 x 10-7/m.Yr

8.8 x 10-6/m.Yr

> 50 mm mm dia. Full bore rupture

Significant leak

2.6 x 10-7/m.Yr

5.3 x 10-6/m.Yr

>150 mm dia Full bore rupture

Significant leak

8.8 x 10-8/m.Yr

2.6 x 10-6/m.Yr

Hoses Rupture 3.5 x 10-2/Yr

Gasket Failure 5 x 10-6/Yr

Spiral Wound gasket Failure 1 x 10-7/Yr

52





The safety data which are common to all raw materials and solvents are given below:

1. FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES

Extinguisher media

Water spray, dry chemical and carbon dioxide or foam

as appropriate for surrounding fire and materials. In

case of fire of water/air reactant chemicals like sodium

boro hydride, water/foam shall not be used. Dry sand,

dry chemical/lime may be used.

Special fire fighting procedure

As with all fires, evacuate personnel to safe area. Fire

fighters should use self-contained breathing apparatus

and protective clothing.

Unusual fire and explosion hazard

This material is assumed to be combustible. As with all

dry powders it is advisable to earth the mechanical

equipment in contact with dry material to dissipate the

potent buildup of static electricity.

Firefighting Procedures

As with all fires, evacuate personnel to a safe area. Fire

fighters should use self-contained breathing apparatus

and protective clothing.

2. PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Hazardous Decomposition Products When heated to decomposition, materials emit toxic

fumes under fire conditions.

Hazardous Polymerization Will not occur

3. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION

Adverse Effects

Adverse effects may include dizziness, fainting,

headache, and diarrhea, and nausea, loss of taste, dry

cough, rash fever, joint pain, and unusual tiredness.

Possible allergic reaction occurs to material if inhaled,

ingested or in contact with skin.

Acute Possible eye, skin, gastro-intestinal and/or respiratory

tract irritation.

Chronic Possible hyper sensitization

53




U U II II 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 II II II II II II II II II II II !I 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 Ul


Inhalation May cause irritation. Remove to fresh air.

Eyes

May cause irritation. Flush out with copious quantity of

water by keep opening both eyelids of the affected

eye/s. Obtain medical attention immediately.

Skin May cause irritation. Flush out with copious quantity of

water.

Ingestion

May cause irritation. Flush out mouth with required

quantity of water by gargling. Obtain medical attention

immediately.

4. FIRST AID MEASURES

Persons developing hypersensitive (anaphylactic)

reactions must receive immediate attention; material

may be irritating to mucous membranes and respiratory

tract. When handling, avoid all contact and inhalation

of dust, fumes, mists, and/or vapors associated with the Precautions to consider

material. Keep container tightly closed and use with

adequate ventilation. Wash thoroughly after handling.

Individuals working with chemicals should consider all

chemicals to be potentially hazardous even if their

individual nature may be uncharacterized or unknown.

Remove from exposure. Remove contaminated

clothing. Person developing serious hypersensitive

reactions must receive immediate medical attention. If a Emergency and first aid procedures

person is not breathing, give artificial respiration. If

breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Obtain medical

attention immediately.

54

II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II 11 111. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor



MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MMMMMMMMMMMM


5. EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION

Respiratory protection

Use the NIOSH approved respirator, if it is determined

to be necessary by an industrial hygienic survey

involving air monitoring. In the event of a respirator is

not required, an approved dust mask should be used.

Ventilation Recommended

Protective gloves Rubber

Eye protection Safety goggles/face shield

Other protective clothing Appropriate laboratory apparels/Apron. Protect

exposed skin.

6. HANDLING / SPILL / DISPOSAL MEASURES

Handling

As a general rule, when handling the materials, avoid all

contact and inhalation of dust, mists, and/or vapors

associated with the material. Wash thoroughly with

soap water after handling.

Storage

Store in airtight containers. This material should be

handled and stored as per label instructions to ensure

product integrity.

Gspill response

Wear approved respiratory protection, chemically

compatible gloves and protective clothing. Wipe up

spillage or collect spillage using a high efficiency vacuum

cleaner. Avoid breathing dust. Place spillage in an

appropriately labeled container for disposal. Wash out

the spilled site thoroughly.

For further details safety data chemicals /MSDS may be referred to for compliance.

55





Safety data of Toxic and Hazardous materials

The safety data of Toxic & hazardous materials as per the manufacture, storage and

import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules 1989, amendments 1994 and 2000 and additionally some

more chemicals are considered. The Brief descriptions of the physical & chemical properties, Fire

& Explosion hazards, Fire fighting media & instructions, the PELTFLV, STEL, IDLH values etc.,

Health hazards & First Aid measures, Handling & Storage precautions for the above chemicals are

given below. (For further details, please refer to material safety data sheets).

Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals

1. ACETIC ACID

Physical & Chemical properties Colourless watery liquid with pungent odour,

Miscible with water & alcohol.

Mol. Formula : CH3COOH

Mol. Wt : 60.05

Freezing Point: 16.7°C

Sp.gr : 1.051, at 20°C,

Liquid. M.P : 6.63°C

Boiling Point : 118°C

Fire & Explosion Hazards Flash Point = 40°C

Ignition temp. = 427°C

LEL =5.4 °/0, UEL = 16 °/0

Dangerous when contacts with oxidizable compounds like Na202,

HNO3, Chromic Acid, etc...

Health Hazards TLV = 10 ppm.

TDL -Orl-rat LD50 3310 mg / kg.

IDLH value: 1000 ppm.

Symptoms: skin & hands may get blackened hyperkeratosis &

fissured. Conjunctivitis, corneal erosion, iritis. If swallowed pain in-

mouth, pharynx, esophagus & stomach; vomiting, Hematemesis,

bronchitis, pulmonary edema etc.

Handling & Storage Protect containers from physical damage. Keep containers away

56




MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM .M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M. MMMMMMMMMMMMM


from oxidizing & combustible materials. Keep above its freezing

point as it expands upon solidification & may burst rigid/fragile

containers. Wear chemical goggles, chemical cartridge

respirator & rubber protective clothing.

Fire Fighting & First Aid

measures

Use water spray, DCP, alcohol foam or CO2.Use water spray to

keep the containers cool. Flush the affected eyes with copious

quantity of water. Wash the affected body with soap and

water. Gastric lavage with lime water if swallowed, followed

by administration of demulcents

Spills & Leakage: Cover with soda ash or sodium bicarbonate. Mix & add water to

neutralize & then drain into sewer.

2. ACETIC ANHYDRIDE

Physical & Chemical properties Colorless & highly refractive liquid having pungent order.

Miscible with Ethanol, Ether, Acetic acid and decomposes slowly in

water to form acetic acid.

Mol. Formula : (CH3C0)20

Mol. Wt : 102.09

Freezing Point: - 74 °C

Sp.gr : 1.08

Liquid. M.P : - 74 °C

Boiling Point : 139 °C

Fire & Explosion Hazards Flash Point = 49.4 °C

Ignition temp. = 389 °C.

LEL =2.7 °/(:), UEL = 10.1 c)/0

Mixing large quantities with water or dilute acetic acid in presence

of mineral Acid may evolve large heat. Normally stable but it is

dangerous in case of temp. & pressure rise or & being combined

with other reactive materials.




Symptoms: Irritates & corrodes eyes, skin & mucous membranes,

57





corneal necrosis, burning in nose & throat; cough nausea &

vomiting & abdominal pain.



point as it. Wear chemical goggles, chemical cartridge



measures




water. Gastric leverage with lime water if swallowed, followed by

administration of demulcents



3 ACETONE

Physical & Chemical properties Colourless watery liquid with pungent odour,

Miscible with water & alcohol.

Mol. Formula : CH3COOH

Mol. Wt : 60.05

Freezing Point: 16.7°C

Sp.gr : 1.051, at 20°C,

Liquid. M.P : 6.63°C

Boiling Point : 118°C

Fire & Explosion Hazards Flash Point = 40°C

Ignition temp. = 427°C

LEL =5.4 °/0, UEL = 16 °/0

Dangerous when contacts with oxidizable compounds like Na202,

HNO3, Chromic Acid, etc...




Symptoms: skin & hands may get blackened hyperkeratosis &

fissured. Conjunctivitis, corneal erosion, iritis. If swallowed pain in-

58

II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II BIM PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor



7. MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM .N.E.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N. MMMMMMMMMMMMMM .N.E.N.N.N. MMMMMM


mouth, pharynx, esophagus & stomach; vomiting, Hematemesis,

bronchitis, pulmonary edema etc.



point as it expands upon solidification & may burst rigid/fragile

containers. Wear chemical goggles, chemical cartridge



measures




water. Gastric lavage with lime water if swallowed, followed

by administration of demulcents



AC ETON 1TRI LE:

Physical and Chemical Properties:

o Colourless liquid with sweet odor

o Boiling Point = 8i.6°C,

o Freezing Point = - 45.7°C

o Sp. Gr. = 0.787 at 20°C,

o Vapor Sp.gr. = 1.4

o There is no reactor with water. Not hazardous

o Polymerization takes place. It is stable during transport.

o Molecular formula / weight = CH3CN/41.05

Fire and Explosion Hazards:

o Flammable vapor may explode if ignited in an enclosed area. Flash back along

vapor trial may occur.

o Flash point = 42°F

o LEL = 4.4%

o UEL = 16%

59

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o Ignition temp. = 975°F

o Heat of combustion = -7420 cal/g

Health Hazards:

o TLV = 40 ppm

o Odor threshold = 40ppm

o IDLH value = 4000ppm

Symptoms: Exposure to 160 ppm for 4 hrs causes flushing of the face and feeling of

constriction in chest. 500 ppm for brief period is irritating to nose and throat. Severe exposure

may cause irritability, skin eruptions, convulsions, paralysis and death due to nervous system

depression. It is irritating to eyes, nose, throat and skin.

Handling and storage:

o Storage under ambient temperature

Fire Fighting and First Aid Measures

Alcohol foam, dry chemical, CO2 Water is ineffective, Cool exposed containers with

Water. Stay upwind and use water spray to knock down vapors in case of leakage or fire. Stop

discharge if possible.

Skin contact: Remove contaminated clothing and shoes, flush affected areas with water.

Inhalation: Remove victim from contaminated atmosphere. Give artificial and

oxygen, if respiration is impaired. If swallowed victim is conscious have victim drink

water or milk.

AMMONIUM PER SULFATE:

Physical and Chemical Properties

Solid, light straw to colorless, mild unpleasant odor. Sinks and mixes in water.

Sinks and mixes with water, Sp.Gr. = 1.98°C, Vapor density=7.9(air = 1)

May decompose upon exposure to water or moist air. It is stable during transport.

Molecular formula / weight = I-181\1208S2/ 228.2

Fire and Explosion Hazards

Not flammable will increase the intensity of fire. Poisonous gases may be produced in fire.

Health Hazards

LD orl - rat LD50 = 689 mg/kg Skin - rbt LD50 = 2000 mg/kg.

Handling and storage

60




M M M II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II M


Storage in ambient temperature.


Wear goggles and self contained - breathing operators. Flood discharge area with water.

Skin & eyes contact. Irritating to skin and eyes. Flush affected area with plenty of water.

Inhalation: Remove to fresh air.

Ingestion : In dues omitting if conscious. Have victim drink water or milk.

ETHYL ACETATE:


Colourless liquid with pleasant fruity odor

Freezing Point = - 83°C Boiling Point = 77°C

Floats on water, flammable, irritating vapor is produced.

Sp. Gr. = 0.902, at 20°C (Liquid) Vapor Sp.gr. = 3.0

No reaction with water.

Molecular formula / weight = CH3COOCH2CH3 / 88.11


Flash point = - 4.44°C (C.C.), 12.8°C (O.C.)

Ignition temp. = 426.67°C LEL = 2.2% UEL = 9.0%

Flash back along vapor trial may occur. Vapor may explode if ignited in an enclosed area.

Health Hazards

TLV = 400 ppm

Liquid is irritating to eyes, nose and throat. If inhaled may cause Headache, dizziness, nauseas or

loss of consciousness. If breathing stopped give artificial respiration, if breathing is difficult give

Oxygen.

Flush effected area with plenty of water.

Odor threshold = 1ppm

Short term inhalation limits = 1000 ppm for 15 min.


Storage temperature is ambient. Venting is open through flame arrester or pressure vacuum.


Shut off ignition sources and call fire dept. Stop discharge if possible. Keep people away. Stay

upward and use water spray to knock down vapor. Alcohol foam, carbon dioxide or dry

61

M II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II ME PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor



Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl Fl i


chemicals are used. Water may ineffective on fire. To cool exposed containers water is used. Use

organic vapor camster or air mask, goggles or face shield.

ETHYL ALCOHOL:


Colourless liquid like water with alcohol odor

Floats and mixes with water flammable, irritating vapor is produced.

Freezing Point = -114°C; Boiling Point = 78.3° C

Liquid Sp. gr. = 0.790 at 20°C Vapor Sp. gr. = 1.6

Molecular formula = C2 H5OH Molecular Weight = 46.07


Flash point = 55°F C.C., 64°F O.C.

Flammable limits LEL = 3.3%, UEL = 19%

Flammable ignition temp. = 689°F

Health Hazards

Irritation of eyes, nose and throat. Headache and drowsiness. Liquid causes intoxication. Odor

threshold = 10 ppm

Short term inhalation limits = 5000 ppm for 15 min.


Stable during transportation; Storage at ambient temp.

Venting - open or pressure - vacuum

Avoid contact with liquid and inhalation of vapors. Use all purpose camister, safety goggles.


Stop discharge if possible. Keep people away. Shut off ignition sources and call fire dept. Stay

upwind and use water spray to knock down vapor. Fire extinguishing agents; carbon dioxide dry

chemical, water spray, alcohol foam.

Inhalation : if breathing is affected, remove victim to fresh air, call physician, administer oxygen.

Skin and eyes : flush with water

ETHYLENE GLYCOL:


Appearance : Clear oily liquid.

Odor : Odorless.

62

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Solubility

Specific Gravity

: Miscible in water.

: 1.1 @20C/4C

% Volatiles by volume @ 21C (70F): 100

Boiling Point : 197.6C (388F)

Melting Point : -13C (9F)

Vapor Density (Air=1) : 2.14

Vapor Pressure (mm Hg) : 0.06 @ 20C (68F)

Fire and Explosion Hazards:

Fire: Flash point: 111C (232F) CC; Autoignition temperature: 398C (748F) Flammable

limits in air % by volume: LEL: 3.2; UEL: 15.3

Slight to moderate fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame.

Explosion:

Above flash point, vapor-air mixtures are explosive within flammable limits noted above.

Containers may explode when involved in a fire.

Fire Extinguishing Media:

Dry chemical, foam or carbon dioxide. Water or foam may cause frothing. Water spray

may be used to extinguish surrounding fire and cool exposed containers. Water spray

will also reduce fume and irritant gases.

Special Information:

In the event of a fire, wear full protective clothing and NIOSH-approved self-contained

breathing apparatus with full facepiece operated in the pressure demand or other

positive pressure mode. Toxic gases and vapors may be released if involved in a fire.

Health Hazards

Inhalation:

Remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult,

give oxygen. Call a physician.

Ingestion:

Induce vomiting immediately as directed by medical personnel. Never give anything by

mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical attention.

63





Skin Contact:

Remove any contaminated clothing. Wash skin with soap and water for at least 15

minutes. Get medical attention if irritation develops or persists.

Eye Contact:

Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting lower and

upper eyelids occasionally. Get medical attention immediately.

Note to Physician:

Give sodium bicarbonate intravenously to treat acidosis. Urinalysis may show low

specific gravity, proteinuria, pyuria, cylindruria, hematuria, calcium oxide, and hippuric

acid crystals. Ethanol can be used in antidotal treatment but monitor blood glucose when

administering ethanol because it can cause hypoglycemia. Consider infusion of a diuretic

such as mannitol to help prevent or control brain edema and hemodialysis to remove

ethylene glycol from circulation.

Handling and Storage

Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place away from incompatible materials. Wash

thoroughly after handling.

Fire-fighting and First Aid Measures

Fire Extinguisher Type: Apply alcohol or all purpose foam for larger fires. Carbon dioxide

may be used for smaller fires.

Fire/Explosion Hazards: Fire possible at elevated temperatures.

Fire Fighting Procedure: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and protective clothing

to prevent contact with skin and clothing. Keep away from heat and ignition sources. May be

harmful if swallowed. Avoid breathing vapor or dust. Use with adequate ventilation. Avoid

contact with eyes, skin, and clothes. Wash thoroughly after handling. Keep container closed.

FIRST AID:

o SKIN: Remove contaminated clothing. Wash exposed area with soap and water. If

symptoms persist, seek medical attention

o EYES: Wash eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting lids

occasionally. Seek Medical Aid.

o INHALATION: Remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If

breathing is difficult, give oxygen

64





o INGESTION: If swallowed, induce vomiting immediately after giving two glasses

of water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.

HYDROCHLORIC ACID:


Watery colourless to light yellow liquid with sharp irritating odour. Sinks and mixes with water

producing irritating vapour.

Molecular formula / weight = HCL/36.5

B.P. = 50.5°C Sp.gr. = 1.19 at 200C (Liquid)

Heat of solution = - 480 Cal/g

Highly corrosive on long run. Flush with water and apply CaCO3 (limestone), slaked lime, Soda

ash, Sodium bicarbonate for neutralization.

Vapour density = 1.268

Hazardous reaction is caused with ethylene.


It is not flammable. Flammable gas may be produced on contact with metals. No explosion

hazard.

Health Hazards

TLV = 5ppm. Short term inhalation limit = 5 ppm for 5 mts.

Odor threshold = 1 to 5 ppm. IDLH = 100 ppm.

Eye: Liquid causes acid burns for eyes. Also may cause conjunctivitis and corneal necrosis.

Inhalation: Inhalation results in coughing / choking sensation and irritation to nose and lungs and

makes breathing difficult.

Ingestion: Swallowing may cause nausea, vomiting, perforation of intestinal tract.

Skin: Skin contact may cause irritation.

Handling and Storage: Store in a cool and well-ventilated place away from oxidizing substances.

Metal and metal alloys get corroded with this acid. Hence PVC/FRP tanks are used for storage.

Protect the container against physical damage. Statutory inspection shall be followed in order to

detect leaks (spark ignition test) and repair. Wear rubber hand gloves, Chemical canister mask, air

line mask, PVC suit or apron and SCBA, if situation demands while handling or for maintenance

jobs.




fr Almelo Pvt Ltd Unit - II. HARA Report

Fire Fighting and First Aid Measures: Avoid contact with liquid and vapour. Keep people away.

Stop discharge if possible. Stay upwind and use water spray to knockdown vapours.

Eyes: Immediately flush with plenty of water for at least 15 mts or continue with eyelids open till

the medical attention is available.

Skin: Immediately clean with soap and flush with plenty of water, after removing the

contaminated clothing and shoes, at least for 15 mts.

Ingestion: If swallowed and victim is conscious, have victim drink water or milk and remove him

to fresh breeze of air. Do not induce vomiting. Get medical attention. If swallowed and fell

unconscious. Same except do not give water or milk.

Inhalation: Remove him to fresh air. If no breathing, give it artificially. If low breathing, give

oxygen. Get medical attention immediately.

HYDROGEN:


It is colourless and odorless gas at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure colourless and

odorless gas. Slightly soluble in water. It can be liquefied under pressure.

Density = 0.089 g/L

B.P. = -253°C ; F.P. = -259° ; Vapour density = 0.067

Chemically stable.

Molecular formula / Weight = H2/2.0


It is flammable and under NFPA classification is of 4.

Auto ignition temperature = 565° C

Explosive LEL = 4% HEL = 75%

Combustion product is not hazardous

May explode if ignited in enclosed area

Health Hazards

Harmless in itself. On acute exposure, it is asphyxiant

Flame is almost not visible. Be cautious.

Handling and Storage: Store in cylinders in well-ventilated area or open area with fencing.

Cylinders are protected against direct sunlight and physical damage. Efficient earthing and

bonding, flame-proof fittings, arresters and non-sparking tools during works are ensured. Use





safety glass and SCBA set with air, to be ensured, in acute exposure. Enclosed vessel should be

thoroughly purged with Nitrogen to expel hydrogen and ensure safety work permit before entry

for any maintenance.

Fire Fighting and First Aid Measures: Fire extinguishing Media: Water and CO2 .

Shift the victim to fresh air support breathing by artificial respiration.

Bums: Cool the affected area with water until pain relieves. Cover with sterile solution and get

medical aid soon.

HYDROGEN CHLORIDE (GAS):

Physical and chemical properties

o molecular weight: 36.465

o gas density @ 21.1°c (70°0: 0.0950 lb./ft3 (1.522 kg/m3)

o boiling point @ 1 atm: -85°c (- 121 °f)

o freezing/melting point @ 1 atm: -114.2°c (- 176.6 °f)

o specific gravity (air = 1) @ 21.1°c (70°f): 1.266

o solubility in water vol/vol at 0°c (32°f) and 1 atm: 0.823

o specific volume @ 21.1°c (70°f): 10.6 ft3 /lb (0.6617 m3/kg)

o critical pressure: 1198 psia (8260 kpa abs)

o vapor pressure @ 70°f (21.1°c): 613 psig (4227 kpa)

o odor threshold: 1-5 ppm (detection)

o appearance, odor and state: colorless gas with a sharp, suffocating odor.

o warning properties for this gas: the odor is a distinctive warning property associated

with this gas. Additionally, a white cloud may show the location of the leak.

Fire and Explosion Hazards: Flammability of the Product: Non-flammable. Fire Hazards in

Presence of Various Substances: of metals

Explosion Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Non-explosive in presence of open flames

and sparks, of shocks.

Special Remarks on Fire Hazards: Non combustible. Calcium carbide reacts with hydrogen

chloride gas with incandescence. Uranium phosphide reacts with hydrochloric acid to release

spontaneously flammable phosphine. Rubidium acetylene carbides burns with slightly warm

hydrochloric acid. Lithium silicide in contact with hydrogen chloride becomes incandescent.

When dilute hydrochloric acid is used, gas spontaneously flammable in air is evolved. Magnesium

67





boride treated with concentrated hydrochloric acid produces spontaneously flammble gas.

Cesium acetylene carbide burns hydrogen chloride gas. Cesium carbide ignites in contact with

hydrochloric acid unless acid is dilute. Reacts with most metals to produce flammable Hydrodgen

gas.

Special Remarks on Explosion Hazards: Hydrogen chloride in contact with the following can

cause an explosion, ignition on contact, or other violent/vigorous reaction: Acetic anhydride

AgCIO + CCI4 Alcohols + hydrogen cyanide, Aluminum Aluminum-titanium alloys (with HCI

vapor), 2-Amino ethanol, Ammonium hydroxide, Calcium carbide Ca3P2 Chlorine +

dinitroanilines (evolves gas), Chlorosulfonic acid Cesium carbide Cesium acetylene carbide, 1,1-

Difluoroethylene Ethylene diamine Ethylene imine, Fluorine, HCIO4 Hexalithium disilicide

H2SO4 Metal acetylides or carbides, Magnesium boride, Mercuric sulfate, Oleum, Potassium

permanganate, beta-Propiolactone Propylene oxide Rubidium carbide, Rubidium, acetylene

carbide Sodium (with aqueous HCI), Sodium hydroxide Sodium tetraselenium, Sulfonic acid,

Tetraselenium tetranitride, U3P4 , Vinyl acetate. Silver perchlorate with carbon tetrachloride in

the presence of hydrochloric acid produces trichloromethyl perchlorate which detonates

at 40 °C

Health Hazards: Potential health effects: Effects of a Single (Acute) Overexposure

Inhalation. Overexposure to vapor concentrations moderately above 5 ppm irritates the upper

respiratory tract. Concentrations ranging from 50-100 ppm are intolerable. Higher concentrations

(more than 50 ppm) cause choking, coughing, burning of the throat, and severe irritation of the

respiratory tract. Ulceration of the nose, throat, and larynx; laryngeal spasm; pulmonary edema;

and general lung injury may also occur.

Exposure to concentrations of 1500-2000 ppm is life-threatening. Liver and kidney injury has

been reported after exposure to vapors.

Skin contact. Hydrogen chloride gas may severely irritate the skin, causing chemical burns with

ulceration and scarring. Repeated exposure to vapors may produce dermatitis. With prolonged

or widespread contact, the skin may absorb harmful amounts of material.

Swallowing. Highly toxic. May cause chemical burns of the mouth, throat, esophagus, and

stomach with severe pain, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, dizziness, weakness and collapse.

Eye Contact. Exposure to the eye causes immediate pain and irritation with excess tear

production and closure of the eyelids. The severity of the injury depends on the concentration

68





and duration of contact and may range from slight excess redness and irritation of the

conjunctiva to total corneal opacification and blindness.

Effects of Repeated (Chronic) Overexposure. Prolonged or repeated exposure to vapor may

discolor or erode the teeth, cause the nose and gums to bleed, and ulcerate the nasal mucosa.

Other Effects of Overexposure. None known.

Medical Conditions Aggravated by Overexposure. Breathing of vapor or mist may aggravate

asthma and inflammatory or fibrotic pulmonary disease. Skin contact may aggravate an existing

dermatitis.

CARCINOGENICITY: Hydrogen chloride is not listed by NTP and OSHA. IARC lists hydrogen

chloride under Group 3, Not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans.

POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS:

None known. For further information.


STORAGE: Cylinders should be stored upright (with valve protection caps or plugs in place) and

firmly secured to prevent falling or being knocked over. Cylinders should be stored in dry, well-

ventilated areas. Protect from salt or other corrosive materials. Storage should be away from

heavily traveled areas, walkways, elevators, platform edges or other objects or situations that

could damage the cylinder wall. Do not store in a manner that will block emergency exits, fire

extinguishers or other safety equipment. Do not allow storage temperature to exceed 125°F

(52°C). Use a first-in, first-out inventory system to prevent full containers from being stored for

long periods of time. Store empty cylinders away from full cylinders. Consideration should be

taken to install leak detection and alarm equipment for storage areas.

NOTE: Use only DOT or ASME code cylinders designed for compressed gas storage. Cylinders

must not be recharged except by or with the consent of owner.

PHYSICAL HAZARD: Hydrogen Chloride becomes extremely corrosive when it comes into

contact with moisture. Hydrochloric acid will corrode gas handling systems and other metal

structures, possibly causing leaks and damage to expensive equipment. Hydrochloric acid will

react with most metals to liberate flammable hydrogen gas, which may pose a fire hazard in the

event of an emergency.

STORAGE: Cylinders should be stored upright (with valve protection caps or plugs in place) and

firmly secured to prevent falling or being knocked over. Cylinders should be stored in dry, well-

ventilated areas. Protect from salt or other corrosive materials. Storage should be away from





heavily traveled areas, walkways, elevators, platform edges or other objects or situations that

could damage the cylinder wall. Do not store in a manner that will block emergency exits, fire

extinguishers or other safety equipment. Do not allow storage temperature to exceed 125°F

(52°C). Use a first-in, first-out inventory system to prevent full containers from being stored for

long periods of time. Store empty cylinders away from full cylinders. Consideration should be

taken to install leak detection and alarm equipment for storage areas.

NOTE: Use only DOT or ASME code cylinders designed for compressed gas storage. Cylinders

must not be recharged except by or with the consent of owner.

PHYSICAL HAZARD: Hydrogen Chloride becomes extremely corrosive when it comes into

contact with moisture. Hydrochloric acid will corrode gas handling systems and other metal

structures, possibly causing leaks and damage to expensive equipment. Hydrochloric acid will

react with most metals to liberate flammable hydrogen gas, which may pose a fire hazard in the

event of an emergency.


N FPA RATINGS:

HEALTH: = 3 FLAMMABILITY: = 0 REACTIVITY: = 1 SPECIAL: None

EXTINGUISHING MEDIA: This is non-flammable; use fire-extinguishing media appropriate for

the surrounding materials.

SPECIAL FIRE-FIGHTING PROCEDURES: Non-flammable. Use extinguishing media appropriate

for surrounding fire. In the event of fire, cool containers of this product with water spray to

prevent failure.

UNUSUAL FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS: This gas is extremely corrosive and can severely

irritate or burn the skin, eyes, and other contaminated tissues; subsequently, it presents a serious

health hazard to firefighters. Hydrogen Chloride will react with most metals, liberating

flammable hydrogen gas. Exposure to high heat, as in a fire situation, can cause the cylinder to

rupture.

EXPLOSION SENSITIVITY TO MECHANICAL IMPACT: Not sensitive.

EXPLOSION SENSITIVITY TO STATIC DISCHARGE: Not sensitive.

HAZARDOUS COMBUSTION PRODUCTS: At 1800°C (3272°F) Hydrogen Chloride will

decompose into hydrogen and chlorine.

70





FIRST AID MEASURES

Eye Contact:

Check for and remove any contact lenses. In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty

of water for at least 15 minutes. Cold water may be used. Get medical attention immediately.

Skin Contact:

In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while

removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Cold

water may be used.Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse. Get

medical attention immediately.

Serious Skin Contact:

Wash with a disinfectant soap and cover the contaminated skin with an anti-bacterial cream. Seek

immediate medical attention.

Inhalation:

If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult,

give oxygen. Get medical attention immediately.

Serious Inhalation:

Evacuate the victim to a safe area as soon as possible. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie,

belt or waistband. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If the victim is not breathing,

perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. WARNING: It may be hazardous to the person providing

aid to give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation when the inhaled material is toxic, infectious or

corrosive. Seek immediate medical attention.

Ingestion:

If swallowed, do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give

anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or

waistband. Get medical attention immediately.

HYDROGEN PEROXIDE:

Physical & Chemical properties

colourless liquid. Normally used as aqueous solution in different concentrations. Powerful

oxidizing agent.

Mol. Formulae = H202 Mol. Wt. = 34.02

Sp.gr. = 1.29 M.P. = -40.3 °C B.P. = 125 °C

Fire & Explosion Hazards

71




r Y H 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11


Not flammable.

May cause fire or explosion on contact with combustibles & metals. Container may explode

when subjected to heat.

Health Hazards

Highly toxic, severely irritative to eyes & skin. Painful @ 0.15 - 0.2 ppm. Intolerable at 0.3 ppm.

Fatal on inhaling concentrated vapour from pulmonary edema.

TLV = 1 ppm, IDLH = 75 ppm.

Handling & Storage

Keep containers closed. Store in well ventilated & cool place away from combustibles. Use

protective clothing made of woven polyester or poly vinylidene fabrics, impermeable apron

made of PVC film. Use goggles & neoprene gloves & boots.

Fire fighting & First aid measures

Not flammable. Flood the discharge area with Na2CO3 or equal mixture of soda ash & slaked

lime, mixing with water to make it slurry. If nearby area is very hot due to fire, water spray on

container is followed. Hold eyelids open & flush with water. If swallowed & unconscious, have

victim drink water or milk. Have the affected skin area flushed with water. Call for medical aid.

IPA (ISO PROPYL ALOCOHOL) :


Colourless, watering liquid with unpleasant alcohol odor

Freezing Point = -88.5°C Boiling Point = 82.3°C

Sp. gr. = 0.785 at 20°C (liquid) Heat of combustion = - 7201 cal/g

Molecular formula = CH3 CH(OH) CH3 Molecular Weight = 60.10


Flash point = 65°F (O.C.), 53° F (C.C.) Ignition temp. = 750°F

LEL = 2.3%, UEL = 12.7%

Health Hazards

TLV = 400 ppm Short term inhalation limit = 400 ppm for 10 min.

Vapors cause mild irritation of eyes and upper respiratory track. Liquid irritates eyes may cause

injury, harmless to skin, if ingested causes drunkenness and vomiting.

Odor threshold = 90 mg / m3

IDLH = 20,000 ppm

72






Storage at ambient temperature; No requirement of inert atmosphere


Stop discharge if possible. Keep people away Shut off ignition sources and call fire dept. Stay

upwind and water spray to " knock down" vapor. Avoid contact with liquid and vapor.

Flammable, flash back along vapor trial may occur. Vapor may explode if ignited in an enclosed

area.

Extinguish with dry chemicals, alcohol foam or carbondioxide. Water may be ineffective on fire

Cool exposed containers with water. Harmful if swallowed. If in eyes, hold eyelids open and

flush with plenty of water. Let the victim drink water and milk.

ISOPROPYL ETHER


Physical state and appearance: Liquid.

Odor: Ethereal.

Molecular Weight: 102.18 g/mole Color: Clear Colorless.

Boiling Point: 68.5°C (155.3°F) Melting Point: -86°C (-122.8°F)

Specific Gravity: 0.7257 (Water = 1)

Vapor Pressure: 119 mm of Hg (@ 20°C) Vapor Density: 3.52 (Air = 1)

Odor Threshold: 0.017 ppm

Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.: The product is equally soluble in oil and water; log(oil/water) = 0

Solubility: Very slightly soluble in cold water.


Flammability of the Product: Flammable.

Auto-Ignition Temperature: 443°C (829.4°F)

Flash Points: CLOSED CUP: -28°C (-18.4°F). OPEN CUP: 2.61°C (36.7°F).

Flammable Limits: LOWER: 1.4% UPPER: 7.9%

Products of Combustion: These products are carbon oxides (CO, CO2).

Fire Hazards in Presence of Various Substances:

Flammable in presence of open flames and sparks. Slightly flammable to flammable in presence

of oxidizing materials.

73




fr Almelo Pvt Ltd Unit - H. HARA Report

Explosion Hazards in Presence of Various Substances:

Slightly explosive to explosive in presence of oxidizing materials.

Fire Fighting Media and Instructions: Flammable liquid, soluble or dispersed in water. SMALL

FIRE: Use DRY chemical powder. LARGE FIRE: Use alcohol foam, water spray or fog.

Health Hazards

Eye Contact: Check for and remove any contact lenses. Immediately flush eyes with running

water for at least 15 minutes, keeping eyelids open. Cold water may be used. Do not use an eye

ointment. Seek medical attention.

Skin Contact: After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of water. Gently and

thoroughly wash the contaminated skin with running water and non-abrasive soap. Be

particularly careful to clean folds, crevices, creases and groin. Cover the irritated skin with an

emollient. If irritation persists, seek medical attention. Wash contaminated clothing before

reusing.

Serious Skin Contact: Wash with a disinfectant soap and cover the contaminated skin with an

anti-bacterial cream. Seek medical attention.

Inhalation: Allow the victim to rest in a well ventilated area. Seek immediate medical attention.

Serious Inhalation: Evacuate the victim to a safe area as soon as possible. Loosen tight clothing

such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If the victim is

not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Seek medical attention.

Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. If

the victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Seek immediate medical

attention.


Precautions: Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Ground all equipment

containing material. Do not ingest. Do not breathe gas/fumes/ vapour/spray. In case of

insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment If ingested, seek medical advice

immediately and show the container or the label. Avoid contact with skin and eyes.

Storage: Flammable materials should be stored in a separate safety storage cabinet or room. Keep

away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Keep container tightly closed. Keep in a

cool, well-ventilated place. Ground all equipment containing material. A refrigerated room

would be preferable for materials with a flash point lower than 37.8°C (100°F).

74






Oral Exposure: If swallowed, wash out mouth with water provided person is conscious. Call a

physician.

Inhalation Exposure: If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing give artificial respiration. If

breathing is difficult, give oxygen.

Dermal Exposure: In case of contact, immediately wash skin with soap and copious amounts of

water.

Eye Exposure: In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with copious amounts of water for at

least 15 minutes.

Explosion Hazards: Vapor may travel considerable distance to source of ignition and flash back.

Container explosion may occur under fire conditions.

Explosion Limits: Lower: 1 % Upper: 21 °A)

Auto ignition Temp: 442 OC Flammability: N/A

Extinguishing Media Suitable: Carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder, or appropriate foam.

Water spray.

Firefighting: Protective Equipment; Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and protective

clothing to prevent contact with skin and eyes.

Specific Hazard(s); Extremely flammable. Vapor may travel considerable distance to source of

ignition and flash back. Emits toxic fumes under fire conditions.

Exposure Hazard(s): Material Irritant.

METHANOL:


Colourless liquid with faint odor like that of alcohol but pungent.

B.P. = 64.5° C, F.P. = -97.8°C

Lighter than water Sp. gr. = 0.792 Vapour sp. gr. = 1.1

Highly soluble in water. It is hygroscopic. There is no reaction with water. No hazardous

polymerization takes place. It is stable during transport.

Molecular formula / Weight = CH3OH/32

75






Flammable vapour may explode if ignited in an enclosed area. Flash back along vapour trail may

occur. Flash point = 12.2 °C

LEL = 6% ; UEL = 36.5%.

Containers may explode in fire. Ignition temp = 464°C

Vapour Sp.gr. = 1.1 Heat of combustion = - 4677 Cal/gr.

Health Hazards

TLV = 200 ppm. Over 50000 ppm may cause depression of central nervous system and optic

nerve damage. Swallowing may cause death or eye damage. Vapours cause a slight smarting of

the eyes or respiratory system. Spillage on clothing may cause smarting or reddening of the skin.

Odor threshold = 100 ppm.

IDLH value = 25000 ppm.

It is irritating to eyes, nose, throat and skin.

Handling and Storage: Store under refrigerated temperature and protect it from moisture. Spray

with water onto the spillages. Wash all contaminated clothing with strong soap and water

solution. Do not enter the contaminated vessel without safety work permit. Use face mask and

safety goggles while handling maintenance jobs. Use half face respirator equipped with organic

vapour cartridge with a dust / mist filter. Venting is through open flame arrestor or pressure / vacuum arrangement.

Fire Fighting and First Aid Measures: Dry chemical powder, alcohol foam or CO2 and halon

extinguishers are used. Water is ineffective. Cool exposed containers with water. Stay upwind

and use water spray to knock down vapours in case of leakage or fire.

Skin: Immediately flood affected skin with plenty of water, after removing the contaminated

clothing. Further wash with soap and water. If redness or irritation develops, call physician and

be ready to transport the victim to hospital.

Eye: Check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with plenty of

water or normal saline solution for 20-30 mts; call for medical advice. Don not put ointment,

oils etc. in the victim's eyes without specific instruction from physician.

Immediately transport the victim to hospital after flushing eyes if symptoms are most infectious.

Inhalation: Leave the contaminated area immediately and take deep breath of fresh air. In case of

coughing, shortness of breath, burning of mouth, throat or nose, call physician and make ready

to transport to hospital. Provide SCBA with escape provision for entry into methanol

atmosphere.

76




'AMMAINAMMAINAMMAINAMMAINAMMAINAMMAINAMMAINAMMAINAMMAINAMMAINAMMAINAMMAINAMMAINAMMAINAMMAAMMAAMMAAMMAAMMAAMMAMA A'''

"r*


Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. If victim is conscious and having no convulsion, give 1 or 2

glasses of water. Immediately call for medical help or poison control center for advice. Be ready

to transport him to hospital if necessary. If unconscious or convulsing, do not give anything by

mouth. Ensure the victim's air way is open and lay the victim on his / her side with the head

lower than the body. Do not induce vomiting. Immediately transport the victim to hospital.

METHAN ESULFON IC ACID:



Color: Clear Colorless.

pH (1% soln/water): Neutral.

Boiling Point: The lowest known value is 100°C (212°F) (Water).

Melting Point: May start to solidify at 20°C (68°F) based on data for: Methanesulfonic acid.

Specific Gravity: Weighted average: 1.3 (Water = 1)

Vapor Pressure: The highest known value is 17.535 mm of Hg (@ 20°C) (Water).

Vapor Density: The highest known value is 3.31 (Air = 1) (Methanesulfonic acid). Weighted

average: 2.5 (Air = 1)

Dispersion Properties: See solubility in water.

Solubility: Easily soluble in cold water, hot water.


Flammability: not flammable. Conditions: will burn at elevated temperatures. Means of

extinction: use extinguishing media appropriate to Surrounding fire conditions. Flashpoint: 200°c

(closed cup)

Upper explosion limit (c)/0 v): ne Lower explosion limit (%v): ne

Auto-ignition temperature: >500°c

Hazardous combustion products: oxides of carbon, sulfur oxides

Explosion data: ne Sensitivity to impact: no Sensitivity to static discharge: no

Health hazards: Route of entry

Skin contact: corrosive. May cause burns. Skin absorption: may be harmful

Eye: corrosive. May cause burns. May cause blindness.

Ingestion: may cause severe burns to mouth, throat and Digestive tract.

77 ! MN PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor




Inhalation: may cause severe respiratory tract irritation. Acute over exposure effects: ne Chronic

over exposure effects: ne Sensitization: does not meet whmis criteria. Carcinogenicity: does not

meet whmis criteria.

Teratogenicity: does not meet whmis criteria.

Mutagenicity: does not meet whmis criteria.

Reproductive toxicity: does not meet whmis criteria.


Precautions: Keep container dry. Do not ingest. Do not breathe gas/fumes/ vapour/spray. Never

add water to this product In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment

If ingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or the label. Avoid contact

with skin and eyes

Storage: No specific storage is required. Use shelves or cabinets sturdy enough to bear the weight

of the chemicals. Be sure that it is not necessary to strain to reach materials, and that shelves are

not overloaded.

Fire-fighting and First Aid Measures Engineering Controls: Provide exhaust ventilation

or other engineering controls to keep the airborne concentrations of vapors below their

respective threshold limit value. Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers are proximal to

the work-station location.

Personal Protection: Splash goggles. Lab coat. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an

approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Gloves.

Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill: Splash goggles. Full suit. Vapor respirator. Boots.

Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should be used to avoid inhalation of the product.

Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist BEFORE handling this

product. Eye flush eyes with large amount of water for 15 minutes while holding Eyelids open.

Seek medical attention. Skin wash skin with water and soap. Seek medical attention if irritation

Occurs or persists. Ingestion do not give liquids if person is unconscious or very drowsy. Do not

Induce vomiting. Seek immediate medical attention. Inhalation remove person to fresh air

immediately. If breathing has stopped, apply Artificial respiration and administer oxygen if

necessary. Seek medical advice.

78





METHANE SULFONYL CHLORIDE

:Physical and Chemical Properties

HARA Report

o Physical State Clear liquid

o Color light yellow

o Odor pungent odor

o Vapor Pressure 2.6mbar @20 deg C

o Viscosity 1.97 mPa.s @25 deg C

o Boiling Point 161 deg C @760mmHg

o Freezing/Melting Point -33 deg C

o Flash Point 110 deg C ( 230.00 deg F)

o Decomposition Temperature

o Solubility in water Reacts.

o Specific Gravity/Density 1.480

o Molecular Formula CH3CIO2S

o Molecular Weight 114.55


Flammability of the Product: May be combustible at high temperature.

Flash Points: CLOSED CUP: 110°C (230°F).

Products of Combustion: These products are carbon oxides (CO, CO2), halogenated compounds.


Fire Fighting Media and Instructions:

SMALL FIRE: Use DRY chemical powder. LARGE FIRE: Use water spray, fog or foam. Do not use

water jet.

Health Hazards

Engineering

Controls

Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped with an eyewash

facility and a safety shower. Use adequate ventilation to keep airborne

concentrations low.

79




.


PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

Eyes: Wear chemical goggles.

Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure

Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.

Respirators: Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29 CFR 1910.134 or European

Standard EN 149. Always use a NIOSH or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator when

necessary


Handling: Do not breathe dust, vapor, mist, or gas. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on

clothing. Use only in a chemical fume hood.

Storage: Store in a cool, dry place. Store in a tightly closed container. Corrosives area.


General Information: As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in

pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear.

Extinguishing Media: Use foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Immediately flush eyes

with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower

eyelids. Get medical aid immediately. Skin Get medical aid immediately. Immediately

flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated

clothing and shoes.

Ingestion: Do NOT induce vomiting. Get medical aid immediately. Wash mouth out with

water.

Inhalation: Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure and move to fresh

air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give

oxygen.

Notes to: Physician Treat symptomatically and supportively

80





METHYLENE DI CHLORIDE:


Colourless watery with sweet pleasant odor

Freezing Point = -96.7°C Boiling Point = 39.8° C

Sp. gr. = 1.322 at 20°C (liquid)

Molecular formula = CH2 Cl2 Molecular Weight = 84.93


Flash point = Not flammable under conditions likely to be encountered

Ignition temp. = 1184°F LEL = 12%, UEL = 19%

Health Hazards

TLV = 100 ppm

Short term inhalation limit = 500 ppm for 30 min.

Vapors causes mild irritation of eyes and upper respiratory track.

Late toxity = None

Vapors cause moderate irritation such that personnel will find high concentration unpleasant. The

effect is temporary.

Odor threshold = 205 - 307 ppm

IDLH = 5000 ppm


Inert atmosphere is required


Stop discharge if possible. Avoid contact with liquid and vapor. Isolate and remove discharged

material. Notify local health and pollution control agencies. Poisonous gases are produced when

heated. Wear goggles and self contained breath apparatus.

Inhalation: Anesthetic effects, nausea and drunkenness Contact with skin and

Eyes: Skin irritation, irritation of eyes and nose, if inhaled, give oxygen if needed.

81





MONOMETHYLAM1NE


General Information

Form: Gaseous. Color: Colorless Odor: Ammonia-like

Change in condition

Melting point/Melting range: -92.5°C

Boiling point/Boiling range: -6°C Ignition temperature: 430°C

Danger of explosion: In use, may form flammable/explosive vapour-air mixture.

Explosion limits:

Lower: 5 Vol % Upper: 20.7 Vol c)/0

Solubility in / Miscibility with Water at 20°C: 1.080 WI


Flammability of the product: Flammable.

Auto-ignition temperature: 429.85°C (805.7°F)

Flammable limits : Lower: 4.9% Upper: 20.7%

Products of combustion : Decomposition products may include the following materials:

carbon dioxide carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides

Fire-fighting media and Instructions:In case of fire, use water spray (fog), foam or dry

chemical. In case of fire, allow gas to burn if flow cannot be shut off immediately. Apply water

from a safe distance to cool container and protect surrounding area. If involved in fire, shut off

flow immediately if it can be done without risk. Contains gas under pressure. Flammable gas. In a

fire or if heated, a pressure increase will occur and the container may burst, with the risk of a

subsequent explosion.

Special protective equipment for fire-fighters: Fire-fighters should wear appropriate protective

equipment and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) with a full face-piece operated in

positive pressure mode.

Health Hazards

Potential acute health effects:

Eyes : Irritating to eyes. Contact with rapidly expanding gas may cause burns or

frostbite.

82




. II II II II III . III . III . III . III . III . III . III . III . III . in II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II III . III . III . III . in II II II II II II II II II II II II II II


Skin : Irritating to skin. Contact with rapidly expanding gas may cause burns or

frostbite.

Inhalation: Irritating to respiratory system

Ingestion: Ingestion is not a normal route of exposure for gases

Target organs: May cause damage to the following organs: upper respiratory tract, skin,

eyes, nose/sinuses, and throat.

Medical conditions aggravated by overexposure: Pre-existing disorders involving any target

organs mentioned in this MSDS as being at risk may be aggravated by over-exposure to this

product.

HANDLING AND STORAGE:

Handling: Use only with adequate ventilation. Use explosion-proof electrical (ventilating, lighting

and material handling) equipment. Wash thoroughly after handling. High pressure gas. Do not

puncture or incinerate container. Use equipment rated for cylinder pressure. Close valve after

each use and when empty. Do not ingest. Keep container closed. Avoid contact with skin and

clothing. Avoid contact with eyes. Keep away from heat, sparks and flame. To avoid fire,

eliminate ignition sources. Protect cylinders from physical damage; do not drag, roll, slide, or

drop. Use a suitable hand truck for cylinder movement.

Storage: Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area. Keep container tightly closed and sealed

until ready for use. Avoid all possible sources of ignition (spark or flame). Segregate from

oxidizing materials. Cylinders should be stored upright, with valve protection cap in place, and

firmly secured to prevent falling or being knocked over. Cylinder temperatures should not

exceed 52 °C (125 °F).


Flammability of the product : Flammable.

Auto-ignition temperature : 429.85°C (805.7°F)

Flammable limits : Lower: 4.9% Upper: 20.7%

Products of combustion : Decomposition products may include the following

materials : carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides

Fire-fighting media and Instructions : In case of fire, use water spray (fog), foam or dry

chemical. In case of fire, allow gas to burn if flow cannot be shut off immediately. Apply

water from a safe distance to cool container and protect surrounding area. If involved in fire,

83

III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III II III MN PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor




shut off flow immediately if it can be done without risk. Contains gas under pressure. Flammable

gas. In a fire or if heated, a pressure increase will occur and the container may burst, with the risk

of a subsequent explosion.

Special protective equipment for fire-fighters: Fire-fighters should wear appropriate

protective equipment and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) with a full face-piece

operated in positive pressure mode.

N - HEXANE:

Physical and Chemical Properties:

It is colorless, volatile liquid with gasoline-like odor.

It is not soluble in water but soluble in alcohol, acetone and ether.

Sp.gr. = 0.66 at 20°C, M.P. = - 95.3°C, B.P. = 69°C, F.P. = -139.6°C

Good solvent for organic compounds. No reaction with water. Stable during transportation.

Molecular formula / weight = CH3(CH2)4CH3 / 86.2

No polymerization takes place.

Heat of combustion = -10,692 cal/g


It is flammable and is of severe fire risk.

Flash Point = -21.7°C (C.C.) LEL = 1.2% UEL = 7.7%

Ignition temp = 260°C

Flashback along vapour trail may occur. Vapour may explode if ignited in an enclosed area.

Health Hazards

TLV = 50 ppm. IDLH = 5000 ppm.

Short term inhalation limit = 500 ppm for 30 min.

Symptoms: Inhalation causes irritation of respiratory tract, cough, mild depression and cardiac

arrhythmias.

Inhalation: Causes severe lung irritation, coughing, pulmonary edema, excitement followed by

depression.

Ingestion: Causes nausea, vomiting, swelling of abdomen, headache and depression.

Handling and Storage: Storage can be at ambient temp. Without inert atmosphere. Venting shall

be arranged open with flame arrestor or pressure vacuum arrangement. The containers are closed

steel drums and shall be stored in a well-ventilated cool and dark place away from source of

84





ignition. Inspect frequently for any leaks and arrest the leaks. Wear rubber hand gloves, shoes,

face shield, overalls and all purpose mask while handling maintenance jobs.

Fire Fighting and First Aid Measures: Stop discharge if possible. Keep people away. Call for fire

department. Stay upwind and use water spray to knock down vapours.

Fire extinguishers: Foam, dry chemical and CO2 are used.

Eyes: Flush the affected eyes with plenty of water, by occasionally opening the eyelids for at least

15 mts. Call for medical help.

Skin: Flush the affected area of the body with plenty of water for 15 mts after removing the

contaminated cloth. Call for medical help.

Inhalation: If swallowed and victim is conscious, have victim drink water or milk. Do not induce

vomiting. If the victim is unconscious immediately call doctor or send him to hospital if necessary.

N - HEPTANE:


Substance: n-heptane

Symbol: C71-116

Trade names /synonyms: normal heptane; dipropyl methane; heptyl hydride; skellysolve c;

dipropylmethane; n-heptane; stcc 4909190; un 1206; h-350,h-340,o-3008,h-20; c7h16;

mat10680; rtecs mi7700000

Chemical family: hydrocarbons, aliphatic

Physical state: liquid; appearance: clear; color: colorless

Physical form: volatile liquid odor: faint odor, gasoline odor

Molecular weight: 100.21;

Molecular formula: c-h3-(c-h2)5-c-h3

Boiling point: 208 f (98 c); freezing point: -132 f (-91 c)

Vapor pressure: 40 mmhg @ 20 c vapor density (air=1): 3.45

Specific gravity (water=1): 0.6837 water solubility: 0.005%

Volatility: 100% odor threshold: 200 ppm;

Evaporation rate: 2.80 (butyl acetate=1)

Solvent solubility: soluble: ethanol, ether, chloroform, acetone

Fire and explosion hazards

Flammability of the product: flammable.

85





Auto-ignition temperature: 203.89°c (399°f) - 223 c (433 f)

Flash points: closed cup: -4°c (24.8°f). (tag) open cup: -1.1111°c (30°F).

Flammable Limits: LOWER: 1.05% UPPER: 6.7%


Fire Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Highly flammable in presence of open flames and

sparks, of heat.

Explosion Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Slightly explosive in presence of heat.

Fire Fighting Media and Instructions: Flammable liquid, insoluble in water

SMALL FIRE: Use DRY chemical powder. LARGE FIRE: Use water spray or fog.

Special Remarks on Fire Hazards: Flaming occurs when liquid chlorine in n-Heptane is added to

add to red phosphorous. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapor may travel

considerable distance to source of ignition and flash back.

Special Remarks on Explosion Hazards: Vapors may form explosive mixtures in air.

Health Hazards

INHALATION: Short Term Exposure: irritation, nausea, headache, symptoms of drunkenness,

convulsions

SKIN CONTACT:

Short Term Exposure: irritation, itching

Long Term Exposure: same as effects reported in short term exposure

EYE CONTACT:

Short Term Exposure: irritation, tearing, blurred vision

Long Term Exposure: same as effects reported in short term exposure

INGESTION: Short Term Exposure: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain, headache,

symptoms of drunkenness.

CARCINOGEN STATUS: OSHA: N NTP: N IARC: N


Precautions: Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Ground all equipment

containing material. Do not ingest. Do not breathe gas/fumes/ vapor/spray. If ingested, seek

medical advice immediately and show the container or the label. Keep away from incompatibles

such as oxidizing agents.

86





Storage: Store in a segregated and approved area. Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area.

Keep container tightly closed and sealed until ready for use. Avoid all possible sources of ignition

(spark or flame).


FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS: Severe fire hazard. The vapor is heavier than air. Vapors or

gases may ignite at distant ignition, sources and flash back. Vapor/air mixtures are explosive.

Electrostatic discharges may be generated by flow or agitation resulting in ignition or explosion.

EXTINGUISHING MEDIA: regular dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water, regular foam Large fires:

Use regular foam or flood with fine water spray.

FIRE FIGHTING: Move container from fire area if it can be done without risk. Cool containers

with water spray until well after the fire is out. Stay away from the ends of tanks. For fires in

cargo or storage area: Cool containers with water from unmanned hose holder or monitor

nozzles until well after fire is out. If this is impossible then take the following precautions: Keep

unnecessary people away, isolate hazard area and deny entry. Let the fire burn. Withdraw

immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety device or any discoloration of tanks due

to fire. For tank, rail car or tank truck: Evacuation radius: 800 meters (1/2 mile). Water may be

ineffective.

FLASH POINT: 25 F (-4 C) (CC)

LOWER FLAMMABLE LIMIT: 1.05% UPPER FLAMMABLE LIMIT: 6.7%

AUTOIGNITION: 399 F (204 C) FLAMMABILITY CLASS (OSHA): I B INHALATION:

Remove from exposure immediately. Use a bag valve mask or similar device to perform artificial

respiration (rescue breathing) if needed. Get medical attention. SKIN CONTACT: Remove

contaminated clothing, jewelry, and shoes immediately. Wash with soap or mild detergent and

large amounts of water until no evidence of chemical remains (at least 15-20 minutes). Get

medical attention, if needed.

EYE CONTACT: Wash eyes immediately with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting upper

and lower lids, until no evidence of chemical remains. Continue irrigating with normal saline

until ready to transport to hospital. Cover with sterile bandages. Get medical attention

immediately.

INGESTION: If person is unconscious, turn head to side. Never make an unconscious person

vomit or drink fluids. When vomiting occurs, keep head lower than hips to help prevent

aspiration. Contact local poison control center or physician immediately. Get medical attention.

87





NOTE TO PHYSICIAN: For ingestion, consider gastric lavage and activated charcoal slurry.

P1PERIDDINE


Physical State: Liquid

Appearance: clear or slight yellow

Odor: pepper-like odor

pH: 12.6

Vapor Pressure: 40 mm Hg @29.9

Vapor Density: 3.0 (air=1)

Evaporation Viscosity: 1.46 mPa s 20 C

Boiling Point: 106 °C

Freezing / Melting Point : -13°C

Decomposition Temperature : 500°C

Solubility: Completely miscible in water

Specific Gravity/Density: 0.8622 at 20°C

Molecular Formula: C5H11N Molecular Weight: 85.0837


Flammability of the Product: Flammable.

Flash Points: CLOSED CUP: 16.1°C (61°F).


Fire Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Flammable in presence of open flames and

sparks.


Fire Fighting Media and Instructions: Flammable liquid, soluble or dispersed in water. SMALL

FIRE: Use DRY chemical powder. LARGE FIRE: Use alcohol foam, water spray or fog.

Health Hazards

SYMPTOMS OF OVEREXPOSURE BY ROUTE OF EXPOSURE: Routes of entry for solids and

liquids include eye and skin contact, ingestion and inhalation. Routes of entry for gases include

inhalation and eye contact. Skin contact may be a route of entry for liquefied gases.

INHALATION: May cause severe irritation of the respiratory tract with sore throat, coughing,

shortness of breath and delayed lung edema. Causes chemical burns to the respiratory tract. May

88




-1 Almelo Pvt Ltd Unit - H. HARA Report

cause effects similar to those described for ingestion. Damage may be delayed. May cause

bronchial pneumonia.

CONTACT WITH SKIN or EYES: Harmful if absorbed through the skin. May be absorbed through

the skin. If absorbed, causes symptoms similar to those of ingestion. Penetration may continue for

several days. Cause severe skin irritation and burns. Contact with liquid or vapor causes severe

burns and possible irreversible eye damage. Contact may cause ulceration of the conjunctiva and

cornea. Eye damage may be delayed. May cause conjunctivitis. May cause blindness.

INGESTION: Harmful if swallowed. May cause severe and permanent damage to the digestive

tract. Causes gastrointestinal tract burns. Can cause nervous system damage. May cause tremors

and convulsions.

HEALTH EFFECTS OR RISKS FROM EXPOSURE:

ACUTE: Contact with skin or eyes may cause burning and irritation. Inhalation will cause

respiratory irritation.

CHRONIC: Repeated inhalation may cause chronic bronchitis. Prolonged or repeated contact

may cause skin necrosis and/or ulceration of the skin. May cause chronic cough.

TARGET ORGANS: Eyes, nervous system, skin, mucous membranes.

VENTILATION AND ENGINEERING CONTROLS: Use with adequate ventilation to ensure

exposure levels are maintained below the limits provided below. Use a chemical fume hood or

local exhaust ventilation, and process enclosure if necessary, to control airborne dust. Ensure

eyewash/safety shower stations are available near areas where this product is used.


Handling: Wash thoroughly after handling. Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove

contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Ground and bond containers when transferring

material. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Empty containers retain product residue,

(liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Do not ingest or inhale. Use only in a chemical

fume hood. Discard contaminated shoes. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind,

or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames.

Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, and flame. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away

from incompatible substances. Keep away from strong acids. Flammables-area. Corrosives area.

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FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS: Severe fire hazard. Moderate explosion hazard. Vapor/air

mixtures are explosive above flash point. The vapor is heavier than air. Vapors or gases may

ignite at distant ignition sources and flash back.

EXTINGUISHING MEDIA: regular dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water, regular foam, alcohol-

resistant foam.

Large fires: Use regular foam or flood with fine water spray.

FIRE FIGHTING: Move container from fire area if it can be done without risk. Do not get water

inside container. Cool containers with water spray until well after the fire is out. Stay away from

the ends of tanks. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety device or

any discoloration of tanks due to fire. For tank, rail car or tank truck, evacuation radius: 800

meters (1/2 mile). Do not attempt to extinguish fire unless flow of material can be stopped first.

Flood with fine water spray. Do not scatter spilled material with high-pressure water streams.

Cool containers with water spray until well after the fire is out. Apply water from a protected

location or from a safe distance. Avoid inhalation of material or combustion byproducts. Stay

upwind and keep out of low areas. Water may be ineffective.

FLASH POINT: 61 F (16 C) (CC)

FLAMMABILITY CLASS (OSHA): IC

INHALATION: If adverse effects occur, remove to uncontaminated area. Give artificial

respiration if not breathing. If breathing is difficult, oxygen should be administered by qualified

personnel. Get immediate medical attention.

SKIN CONTACT: Wash skin with soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing

contaminated clothing and shoes. Get immediate medical attention. Thoroughly clean and dry

contaminated clothing before reuse. Destroy contaminated shoes.

EYE CONTACT: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Then get


INGESTION: If swallowed, drink plenty of water, do NOT induce vomiting. Get immediate

medical attention.

NOTE TO PHYSICIAN: For inhalation, consider oxygen. Avoid gastric lavage or emesis.


WORK PRACTICES AND HYGIENE PRACTICES: As with all chemicals, avoid getting this

product ON YOU or IN YOU. Wash thoroughly after handling this product. Do not eat,

90





drink, smoke, or apply cosmetics while handling this product. Avoid breathing dusts

generated by this product. Use in a well-ventilated location. Remove contaminated

clothing immediately.

STORAGE AND HANDLING PRACTICES: All employees who handle this material should

be trained to handle it safely. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Empty drums

should be completely drained (triple rinsed), properly bunged, and promptly returned to

a drum reconditioned, or disposed of properly. Open containers slowly on a stable

surface. Containers of this product must be properly labeled. Storage areas of this

product should be clearly identified, well-illuminated, clear of obstruction and accessible

only to trained and authorized personnel. Store containers in a cool, dry location away

from direct sunlight at temperatures between 392F and 1202F. Keep product from

freezing. Keep container tightly closed when not in use. Observe all warnings and

precautions listed for this product.


FLASH POINT: 16 C (61 F) Flammability Rating: Combustible.

AUTOIGNITION TEMPERATURE: 320 C (608 F)

FLAMMABLE LIMITS (in air by volume, %): N/D LEL, N/D UEL

FIRE EXTINGUISHING MATERIALS: Use fire extinguishing materials appropriate for surrounding

fire.

Water Spray: Yes Carbon Dioxide: Yes Foam: Yes Dry Chemical: Yes Halon: Yes Other: Any "C"

Class

UNUSUAL FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS: Above the flash point, explosive vapor-air

mixtures may be formed.

SPECIAL FIRE-FIGHTING PROCEDURES: As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing

apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear.

Vapors may form an explosive mixture with air. Vapors can travel to a source of ignition and

flash back. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal

decomposition or combustion. Flammable Liquid. Can release vapors that form explosive

mixtures at temperatures above the flashpoint. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers

cool. Water may be ineffective. Material is lighter than water and a fire may be spread by the use

of water. Vapor may explode if ignited in a confined area. Vapors may be heavier than air. They

91




. .....Th.....Th.....Th.....Th.....Th....Th ...rn.m. Almelo Pvt Ltd Unit - H. HARA Report

can spread along the ground and collect in low or confined areas. May polymerize explosively

when involved in a fire. Containers may explode when heated. Contaminated individuals of

chemical exposure must be taken for medical attention if any adverse effect occurs. Rescuers

should be taken for medical attention, if necessary. Take copy of label and MSDS to health

professional with contaminated individual.

SKIN EXPOSURE: Wash affected areas thoroughly with soap and water. Immediate medical

attention required.

EYE EXPOSURE: Get medical aid immediately. Do NOT allow victim to rub eyes or keep eyes

closed. Gently lift eyelids and flush continuously with water. Extensive irrigation with water is

required (at least 30 minutes).

INHALATION: Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure and move to fresh air

immediately. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Do not use mouth-to-mouth resuscitation if

victim ingested or inhaled the substance; induce artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket

mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device.

INGESTION: Do not induce vomiting. If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or

water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately.

MEDICAL CONDITIONS AGGRAVATED BY EXPOSURE: Skin and respiratory disorders,

as well as conditions involving the "Target Organs" (see Section 3, Hazard Identification)

may be aggravated by prolonged overexposures to this product.

POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE:

Physical and Chemical properties

Solid crystals, or colour less liquid, odorless.

B.P. = Very high, Freezing Point = 380°C.

Solid sinks and mixes slowly with water. Liquid mixes with water.

Sp. gravity = 2.04 at 15°C (solid).

Molecular formula / wt. = KOH, / 56.11.

Fire and Explosion hazards

Not flammable. Flammable gas may be produced on contact with metals. May cause fire on

contact with moisture and combustibles.

Flash point = Not flammable LEL : Not flammable

Ignition temp. = Not flammable

92

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Health Hazard

TLV = 2 mg/m3 Dust or Mist

Irritating to eyes, nose and throat. Harmful if inhaled. Solid or liquid will burn skin and eyes.

Flush affected area with plenty of water, if in eyes hold eye lids open flush with plenty of

water. If swallowed and victim is conscious, have victim drink water or milk. Do not induce

vomiting.


Ambient temp. Inert atmosphere not required. Stable during transportation.

Fire fighting and First aid measures

Avoid contact with liquid, solid, vapor and dust. Keep people away. Stop discharge if possible.

Flood discharge area with water. Wear rubber gloves and over clothing. Ingestion: Give water

and milk; Do not induce vomiting

Eyes: Flesh with water at once for at least 15 min.

Skin: Flush with water, then rinse with dilute vinegar call for medical aid.

SODIUM AZ1DE:

Physical and chemical Properties

It is white and odorless powder,

M.P. = 275°C. Soluble in water.

Sp. Gravity = 1.85 at 20°C (Solid)

It is chemically stable under normal ambient conditions.

Decomposes at 275 - 300°C

It reacts with water violently at this temperature.

Molecular formula / weight = N3Na/65.

Fire and explosion hazards

It is non-flammable powder and can explode when exposed to heat or flame.

Decomposed products are nitrogen oxides and hydrozoic acid, which are hazardous.

Health Hazards

Eye: Causes irritation.

93





Skin: Causes irritation. May be fatal if absorbed through skin as the substance gets

absorbed rapidly through skin.

Ingestion: May be fatal if swallowed. Causes gastrointestinal irritation with nausea,

vomiting and uthoriz. The chemical gets rapidly absorbed through the digestive tract.

Inhalation: May be fatal. Dust irritates the respiratory tract. Other effects are similar to in

ingestion

Chronic: Chronic inhalation and ingestion effects are similar to those of acute inhalation

and ingestion.

TLV : 0.1 ppm.

Storage and handling: The containers are steel/HDPE drums with PE liners tightly closed.

Stores in steel / HDPE drums with P.E. liners away from water heat and flame. Wash the

contaminated parts of the body thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated

clothing and wash them before reuse. Do not expose the eyes, skin or clothing to the

dust. Do not ingest or inhale. Use adequate, local and exhaust ventilation to keep

airborne concentrations below exposure limits.

Fire fighting and first aid measures

Use water fog, dry chemical powder, CO2 or alcohol foam extinguishing media to put off

fires. Use approved SCBA in pressure demand with protective gear, while handling fire.

Eyes: Immediately flush the eyes with plenty of water, with eyelids wide open

occasionally, for at least 15 minutes. Get medical aid.

Skin: Immediately flush the affected skin with plenty of soap and water, after removing

the contaminated clothing and shoes, for at least 15 minutes. Get medical aid

immediately.

Ingestion: If victim is conscious, give 2-4 cups of milk or water. Get immediate medical

aid.

Inhalation, remove quickly the victim from exposure to fresh air. If not breathing, give

artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid. Actions are

critical and hence should be sequential, fast and correct in order to save the victims.

94





SULPHURIC ACID:


Oily liquid, colorless, odorless.

Sinks and mixes violently with water, irritating mist is produced.

Molecular formula / weight = H2SO4/98.08

B.P. = 340°C

Sp.gr. = 1.84 at 200C (Liquid), Heat of solution = - 232.2 Cal/g


It is not flammable. Flammable gas may be produced on contact with metals. Poisonous gas may

be produced in fire. No explosion hazard.

Health Hazards

TLV = 1 mg/ m3. Short term inhalation limit = 10 mg/M3 for 5 mts. Odor threshold > 1mg/M3

IDLH 80 mg/M3

Eye: Burn skin and eyes. Harmful if swallowed. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Flush

affected areas with plenty of water.

If in eyes, hold eyelids open and flush with plenty of water. If swallowed and victim is conscious,

have victim drink water or milk. Do not induce vomiting.

Inhalation: Observe victim for delayed pulmonary reaction.

Ingestion : have victim drink water if possible; dot not induce vomiting.

Eyes & Skin : Wash with large amounts of water for at least 15 min; do not use oils or ointment

in eyes ; treat skin burns.

Skin: Skin contact may cause irritation.


Stable during transportation.


Poisonous gas may be produced in fire. Do not use water on adjacent fires.

Extinguish with dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

95





T-BUTYL METHYL ETHER:



Odor: Pungent. Irritating (Strong)

Color: Colorless to light yellow. pH (1% soln/water): Acidic.

Boiling Point: 108.58 C @ 760 mm Hg (for 20.22% HCI in water) 83 C @ 760 mm Hg (for 31%

HCI in water) 50.5 C (for 37% HCI in water)

Melting Point: -62.25°C (-80°F) (20.69% HCI in water) -46.2 C (31.24% HCI in water) -25.4 C

(39.17% HCI in water)

Specific Gravity: 1.1- 1.19 (Water = 1) 1.10 (20%and 22% HCI solutions) 1.12 (24% HCI solution)

1.15 (29.57% HCI solution) 1.16 (32% HCI solution) 1.19 (37% and 38%HCI solutions)

Vapor Pressure: 16 kPa (@ 20°C) average; Vapor Density: 1.267 (Air = 1)

Odor Threshold: 0.25 to 10 ppm

Dispersion Properties: See solubility in water, diethyl ether.

Solubility: Soluble in cold water, hot water, diethyl ether.


Appearance: clear, colorless liquid. Flash Point: -28 deg C.

Danger! Extremely flammable liquid and vapor. Vapor may cause flash fire. Causes eye, skin, and

respiratory tract irritation. Aspiration hazard if swallowed. Can enter lungs and cause damage.

May cause central nervous system depression.

Target Organs: Kidneys, central nervous system, reproductive system.

Health Hazards

Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's

eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166.

Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Chemical-resistant nitrile

rubber gloves should be worn during routine handling. Disposable nitrile gloves may be

suggested for intermittent use. PVC, Neoprene, Viton, Butyl or natural rubber are NOT

recommended.

Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.

Respirators: Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29 CFR 1910.134 or European

Standard EN 149. Use a NIOSH/MSHA or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator if

exposure limits are exceeded or if irritation or other symptoms are experienced.

96




"r*



Precautions: Keep locked up. Keep container dry. Do not ingest. Do not breathe gas/fumes/

vapor/spray. Never add water to this product. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable

respiratory equipment. If ingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or

the label. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Keep away from incompatibles such as oxidizing

agents, organic materials, metals, alkalis, moisture. May corrode metallic surfaces. Store in a

metallic or coated fiberboard drum using a strong polyethylene inner package.

Storage: Keep container tightly closed. Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area.


General Information: As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure

demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Combustion

generates toxic fumes. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Containers may

explode in the heat of a fire. May form explosive peroxides. Extremely flammable liquid and

vapor. Vapor may cause flash fire. This liquid floats on water and may travel to a source of

ignition and spread fire.

Extinguishing Media: Use water spray to cool fire-exposed containers. Water may be ineffective.

This material is lighter than water and insoluble in water. The fire could easily be spread by the

use of water in an area where the water cannot be contained. Use water spray, dry chemical,

carbon dioxide, or chemical foam. Do NOT use straight streams of water.

Flash Point: -28 deg C ( -18.40 deg F)

Auto ignition Temperature: 224 deg C ( 435.20 deg F)

Explosion Limits, Lower:1.6% Upper: 15.1%

NFPA Rating: (estimated) Health: 2; Flammability: 3; Instability: 1

Eyes: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the

upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid.

Skin: Get medical aid. Immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while

removing contaminated clothing and shoes.

Ingestion: Possible aspiration hazard. Get medical aid immediately. Do NOT induce vomiting. If

conscious and alert, rinse mouth and drink 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water.

Inhalation: Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure and move to fresh air

immediately. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Do NOT use mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. If

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breathing has ceased apply artificial respiration using oxygen and a suitable mechanical device

such as a bag and a mask.

Notes to Physician: Treat symptomatically and supportively.

TETRAHYDROFURAN:


Colorless liquid with faint fruity odor.

Floats and mixes with water. Flammable, irritating vapour produced.

B.P. = 66° C, Freezing Point = -108.5°C

Heavier than air Sp. gr. = 0.888 at 20°C (Liquid)

Heat of Combustion: - 8330 Cal /g

Molecular formula / Weight = CH2CH2CH2CH2- 0/72.10


Flammable vapor may explode if ignited in an enclosed area. Flash back along vapor

trail may occur. Flash point = 6 °F CC; -4°F 0.0 LEL = 1.8%; UEL = 11.8%.

Health Hazards

TLV = 200 ppm.

Short term in halation limit: 500 ppm for 30 min._Vapours cause a slight smarting of the

eyes or respiratory system if present in high concentration. The effect is temporary.

Spillage on clothing may cause smarting or reddening of the skin.

Odor threshold = 20 - 50 ppm.


Store temperature: Ambient, inert Atmosphere, padded.

Fire Fighting and First Aid Measures Flammable. Stop discharge if possible. Keep people

away. Avoid contact with liquid and vapour. Call for fire department. Stay upwind and

use Behavior in Fire: May explode. Vapor is heavier than air and may travel considerable

distance to a source of ignition and flash back. Foam, dry chemical and CO2 are used.

Water may be ineffective in fire. Cool exposed contents with water.

98





TOLUENE:


It is watery and colour less liquid with benzene like pleasant odor.

It is insoluble in water and hence floats on it.

Soluble in alcohol, acetone, CS2 and acetic acid.

B.P. = 110.6°C Freezing Point = -95°C,

Sp.gr. = 0.867 at 20°C (Liquid) Heat of combustion = -9,686 cal/g.

No reaction with water. Stable during transport.

Molecular formula = C6H5CH3 Molecular weight = 92.14


It is flammable.

Flash Point = - 12.8°C (OC) ignition temp.=536°C

Vapour density = 3.14 (Air = 1.0)

May travel considerable distance to a source of ignition and flash back. Vapor may

explode if ignited in an enclosed area.

LEL = 1.27% UEL = 7.0%

Health Hazards

TLV = 100 ppm. Short tem inhalation limit = 600 ppm For 30 mts.

Late toxicity: Kidney and lever damage may follow by ingestion. Vapours cause a slight

smarting of the eyes or respiratory system temporarily if present in high concentration.

Skin contact may cause smarting and reddening of the skin. Eyes: Causes irritation.

Odor threshold = 0.17 ppm.

IDLH = 2000 ppm.

Handling and Storage: Protect steel drum containers against physical damage. Isolated / detached storage in preferable. Indoor storage should be in a standard liquid storage

room. Storage can be at ambient temp. Without inert atmosphere. Wear chemical

goggles, chemical cartridge respirator or SCBA and rubber hand gloves as the situation

demands.

99





Fire Fighting and First Aid Measures: Call for fire department. Stop discharge if possible.

Keep people away. Shut off ignition sources. Stay upwind and use water spray to knock

down vapours. Water is ineffective on fire. Use dry chemical, foam CO2 extinguishers.

Cool exposed containers with water.

Skin: Remove the contaminated clothing and shoes and flush the affected body with soap

and plenty of water.

Inhalation: If inhaled remove the victim to fresh air immediately and keep him warm and

quiet. If breathing has stopped, give artificial respiration immediately. Call for medical

help.

Eye: Flush the affected eyes with plenty of water keeping eyelids occasionally open.

Ingestion: If swallowed and victim is conscious, have victim drink water or milk. Do not induce

vomiting. If under full unconscious, remove from site to fresh air. Keep him warm and quiet

under a breeze of fresh air till doctor attends.

TRI ETHYL AMINE:

Physical & Chemical Properties

Colorless liquid with strong ammonia like odour. Sparingly soluble in water at above

18.7°C.

Mol. Formula: (C2H5)3 N, Mol. Wt.: 101.19.

Sp.gr.: 0.725 at 20°C (Liquid).

M.P. = -115 °C, B.P. = 89 to 90 °C

Fire & Explosion Hazards

F.P. = -6.67 °C , LEL = 1.2 %, UEL = 8 %

Flammable vapour may explode if ignited in enclosed area. Vapour travels upto the

source of ignition and can flash back.

Heat of combustion = - 9466 kcal/kg

Health Hazards

TLV = 10 ppm TDL orl - rat LD50 = 460 mg/kg

Skn-rbt LD50 = 570 mg/kg

Attacks skin & vapour affects respiratory system and mucous membrane.

100




El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El El II


IDLH = 1000 ppm

Vapours irritate nose, throat, lungs and cause eye burns, skin burns etc. liquid causes

smarting of skin making first degree burns on short exposure & 2nd degree burns on long

exposure.

Handling & Storage

Store in a cool place at ambient temp. Keep close the container. Use air supplied mask,

goggles, face shield & rubber gloves.

Fire Fighting & First Aid measures

Water is not effective.

Use DCP, CO2 & alcohol foam for large fires. Keep the container cool with water spray if

exposed to nearby fire.

Inhalation: Move to fresh air. If breathing difficult give artificial respiration or oxygen.

Ingestion: Induce vomiting if unconscious. If eyes or skin affected, flush with water for 30

mts. Call for medical aid.

TRI METHYL AMINE:


Molecular weight 59 Melting point -117 °C Boiling point 3 °C

Critical temperature 160 °C

Relative density, gas 2 (air=1) Relative density, liquid 0.65 (water=1)

Vapour Pressure 20°C 1.9 bar Solubility mg/I water Hydrolyses.

Appearance/Colour Colourless gas Odour Rotten fish/Ammoniacal

Odour can persist.

Auto ignition temperature 190 °C ; Flammability range 2-11.6 vol% in air.

Other data Gas / vapour heavier than air. May accumulate in confined spaces, particularly at or

below ground level.


FLASH POINT (Method Used): 8 to 18°F (-13 to -8°C) Closed cup

SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS

OTHER RECOMMENDATIONS OR PRECAUTIONS: (Continued) Always secure cylinders in an

upright position before transporting them. NEVER transport cylinders in trunks of vehicles,

101

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enclosed vans, truck cabs or in passenger compartments. Transport cylinders secured in open

flatbed or in open pick-up type vehicles. Reporting under SARA, Title III, Section 313 not

required.

NFPA 704 NO. for trimethylamine = 3 4 0 None

Health Hazards

TOXICOLOGICAL PROPERTIES: (Continued)

Trimethylamine is not listed in the IARC, NTP or by OSHA as a carcinogen or potential

carcinogen. Persons in ill health where such illness would be aggravated by exposure to

trimethylamine should not be allowed to work with or handle this product.

Eye Contact: PERSONS WITH POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO TRIMETHYLAMINE SHOULD NOT

WEAR CONTACT LENSES.

Flush contaminated eye(s) with copious quantities of water. Part eyelids with fingers to assure

complete flushing. Continue for minimum of 15 minutes.

Skin Contact: Flush affected areas with copious quantities of water. Remove affected clothing as

rapidly as possible. A physician should see the patient and be informed that the "burn" was

caused by an alkaline solution. A weak (1-2%) acetic acid solution or vinegar may be used as a

counteracting.


Handling and storage Ensure equipment is adequately earthed. Suck back of water into the

container must be prevented. Purge air from system before introducing gas. Do not allow

backfeed into the container. Use only properly specified equipment which is suitable for this

product, its supply pressure and temperature. Contact your gas supplier if in doubt. Keep away

from ignition sources (including static discharges). Segregate from oxidant gases and other

oxidants in store. Refer to supplier's container handling instructions. Keep container below 50°C

in a well ventilated place.

FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS: Severe fire hazard. Moderate explosion hazard. The vapor is

heavier than air. Vapors or gases may ignite at distant ignition sources and flash back. Vapor/air

mixtures are explosive above flash point. Containers may rupture or explode if exposed to heat.

EXTINGUISHING MEDIA: carbon dioxide, regular dry chemical

Large fires: Use regular foam or flood with fine water spray.

FIRE FIGHTING: Move container from fire area if it can be done without risk. Cool containers

with water spray until well after the fire is out. Stay away from the ends of tanks. For fires in

cargo or storage area: If this is impossible then take the following precautions: Keep unnecessary

102





people away, isolate hazard area and deny entry. Let the fire burn. Withdraw immediately in

case of rising sound from venting safety device or any discoloration of tanks due to fire. For tank,

rail car or tank truck: Let burn unless leak can be stopped immediately. For smaller tanks or

cylinders, extinguish and isolate from other flammables. Evacuation radius: 800 meters (1/2 mile).

Do not attempt to extinguish fire unless flow of material can be stopped first. Flood with fine

water spray. Cool containers with water. Apply water from a protected location or from a safe

distance. Avoid inhalation of material or combustion by-products. Stay upwind and keep out of

low areas. Stop flow of gas. flash point: 10 f (-12 c) (cc) lower flammable limit:2.0%; upper

flammable limit: 11.6%; autoignition: 374 f (190 c)

hazardous combustion products: Thermal decomposition products or combustion: ammonia,

oxides of carbon, oxides of nitrogen.

INHALATION: If adverse effects occur, remove to uncontaminated area. Give artificial

respiration if not breathing. If breathing is difficult, oxygen should be administered by qualified

personnel. Get immediate medical attention.

SKIN CONTACT: Wash skin with soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing

contaminated clothing and shoes. Get immediate medical attention. Thoroughly clean and dry

contaminated clothing and shoes before reuse. Destroy contaminated shoes.

EYE CONTACT: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Then get


INGESTION: If swallowed, drink plenty of water, do NOT induce vomiting. Get immediate

medical attention.

NOTE TO PHYSICIAN: For inhalation, consider oxygen. Avoid gastric lavage or emesis.

Hazardous Solvents / Chemicals Storage:

The hazardous Solvents / Chemicals, which are used / stored in the production of drugs, are small

in quantities and are below the threshold quantities wherever applicable. These chemicals are

stored in different ways as per requirement in the proposed plant as mentioned below.

Underground Solvent Storage tanks

Hazardous Solvents viz. Acetone, Ethyl acetate, IPA, Methanol, Methylene dichloride, n-

Heptane, Petroleum ether, Tetra hydrofuran, Toluene will be stored in bulk in underground

storage tanks of 25/30 KL each in solvent storage yard.

103





Liquid Raw Materials and other solvents Storage in above ground Tanks

Some solvents viz. Acetic acid, Chloroform, Ethanol and Butyl methyl ether will be in

above ground tanks. These tanks shall be provided with necessary dyke enclosures to contain

leakages/spillages.

Some solvents / liquid chemicals storage in drums.

Some solvents/liquid chemicals will be stored in drums of HDPE / GI of 200 Litres or in

smaller containers viz. carbouys in sheds built with structural steel, with covered roof and open

on all the four sides, category wise with name board and with a gap separating each category.

Acids and Alkali Storage

Sulphuric acid, Nitric acid, Hydrochloric acid and Acetic acid are stored in above ground tanks.

These tanks shall be provided with suitable dyke enclosures to contain leakages / spillages. The

potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide are stored in HDPE in 50 kg bags in storage shed.

Road Tanker Decantation

The solvent Chemicals which are required in bulk quantities in the plant are transported

by vendors by road tankers of maximum 20 KL capacity. The road tanker is parked near the

storage tanks and decanted into the storage tanks. Any leakage of the Hazardous chemical

during decantation, if not contained, may spread around the area stagnating/making small pools

and may catch fire if it meets any source of ignition. The thermal radiation due to such pool fires

may cause various degrees of burns or may affect exposed equipment and structurals and the

nearby personnel. It is therefore essential to take all possible precautions to eliminate spillage and

leakage during decantation and also if any spillage or leakage occurs due to unavoidable

circumstances, it should not cause a hazardous situation.

It is therefore, suggested that the road tanker where it will be stationed for decantation, a

proper hard pad is made suitably covering the entire road tanker with proper slopes and a kerb

all around the pad so that the leakage/spillage is contained within a kerbed area and quickly

diverted away from the pad to the far off sump, from which it can be recovered. Proper earthing

of the tanker to prevent static electricity generation and other precautions shall be ensured during

decantation of the tanker. Catastrophic failure and BLEVE for road tanker are very unlikely

events.

Hazard Scenarios of selected Raw materials /solvents and Risk Contours

The hazards due to flammable liquids and gases are due to leakages, spillages and emissions.

Leakages, spillages and emissions cannot be totally ruled out in spite of the best care and

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II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II Ili

0. Almelo Pvt Ltd Unit - II. HARA Report

precautions taken to prevent them. The consequences of such emissions, resulting in a fire or

otherwise have been modeled mathematically to study their impact on the environment for

some typical solvents/Chemicals stored in tanks/drums/cylinders and transported in the plant by

pipe lines as mentioned below. The mathematical consequence models have been worked out

using `DNV's software PHAST SAFETI'.

Underground Storage Tanks for solvents

Hazardous Solvents viz. Acetone, Ethyl acetate, IPA, Methanol, Methylene dichloride, n-

Heptane, Petroleum ether, Tetra hydro furan, Toluene will be stored in bulk in underground

storage tanks of 25 / 30 KL each in solvent storage yard. The U/G tanks provide intrinsically safe

environment thus minimizing/eliminating the hazards due to fire.

Above ground storage Tanks for liquid Raw Materials and for some solvents

Some solvents which are flammable viz. Acetic acid, Chloroform, Ethanol and Butyl

methyl ether are stored in above ground vertical cone roof tanks of different capacities. These

tanks will be provided with necessary dyke enclosures to contain leakages/spillages.

Some solvents and raw materials which are stored in drums of HDPE/GI of 200 litres. Leaks due

to failure of gaskets in pipeline transporting chemicals/ solvents.

Hydrogen gas cylinder burst:

Possible hazards due to leakage /spillages of flammable solvent chemicals stored in above ground

storage tanks.

Pool Fire

Scenarios of failure of 2 flammable above ground solvent storage tank and spillage of the

total contents in different solvents/R.M storage yard areas which made a pool in the dyke

enclosure of the tank and caught fire has been assumed for Risk analysis. The consequences are

modeled for acetic acid, and Ethyl Alcohol. However, the assumption that all spills and leaks

would ultimately result in a fire is highly improbable and the risk analysis conducted on the basis

of this assumption may be taken as an academic exercise to highlight the potential dangers and to

stress the importance of fire prevention and containment of the spills and leading the spills to a

far off safer place.

(a) Event: Spillage of the total contents of Storage tanks of maximum capacity of acetic acid

(10KI) and Ethyl alcohol (15KI).

105




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(b) Model: The spilled liquid forms a pool in the dyke enclosure of the tank and results in a

pool fire.

The consequences of the pool fire due to failure of the storage tank of Acetic acid and Ethyl

Alcohol are tabulated below.

S. No. Consequence of Pool Fire Model 1 Model 4

Ethyl Alcohol Acetic Acid 1 Pool radius (m) 4.55 4.55 2 Flame height (m) 10.40 9.13 3 Distance thermal radiation, 37.5

kw/ m2 zone(m) 4.72 - --

4 Distance thermal radiation, 12.5 kw/ m2zone(m)

8.18 5.16

5 Distance thermal radiation, 4.0 kw/ m2 zone (m)

14.47 9.12

Plume Dispersion and Vapour Cloud Explosion

Spilled liquid of these solvents would partly vaporise at rates depending upon the

atmospheric temperature, wind velocity, area of containment (surface area) and other such

factors. The released vapours disperse and mix with air as they travel in the direction of

prevailing wind (Plume Dispersion). If the vapour cloud so formed, while still above the lower

explosive limit (LEL) of 5.4% for Acetic acid and 3.3% for Ethyl alcohol comes in contact with a

source of ignition, a vapour cloud explosion can occur with consequential damage due to

over pressure. However, in view of the close control and supervision exercised by M/s

Almelo Chemicals Pvt Ltd Unit - II Sciences during the course of operations, the possibility of such

an event occurring is considered very unlikely.

However, if the inflammable vapour cloud extends beyond the Factory limits, the

possibility of explosion due to external sources of ignition cannot be ruled out altogether as it is

beyond the control limits of Almelo Pvt Ltd Unit - II Sciences. Mathematical models have been

worked out for finding out the possibility of the formation of inflammable vapour cloud within

the factory premises and extending beyond the Factory limits following spillage or loss of

containment of these solvents that does not catch fire immediately by Plume dispersion

modeling.

106

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The results for plume dispersion modeling the Acetic acid and Ethyl alcohol in the present

circumstances indicate that the concentration of the vapour formed will not reach the flammable

limits at the ground level.

Hazards due to failure of solvent drums of 200 L and spillage of the total contents

of the drum:

Pool Fire:

Scenarios of failure of 2 types of flammable solvents viz. stored in drums of 200 L each

and spillage of the total contents of solvents which formed an Unbunded pool and the pool

restricted to an assumed area of 30 m2 and pools caught fire has been assumed for Risk analysis.

The consequences are modeled for the failure of storage drums for n-Hexane and o-Xylene.

These solvent drums are selected as they are considered to cause the maximum and minimum risk

scenarios. However, the assumption that all spills and leaks would ultimately result in a fire is

highly improbable and the risk analysis conducted on the basis of this assumption may be taken

as an academic exercise to highlight the potential dangers and to stress the importance of fire

prevention and containment of the spills and leading the spills to a far off safer place.

The consequences of the pool fire for the above solvents for Unbunded fires and the pool

area restricted to 30 (6x5) m2 by way of providing kerbs in the drum storage area/warehouse are

tabulated for comparison.

Plume Dispersion and Vapour Cloud Explosion:

Spilled liquid of these solvents if they do not catch fire would partly vaporise at rates

depending upon the atmospheric temperature, wind velocity, area of containment (surface area)

and other such factors. The released vapours disperse and mix with air as they travel in the

direction of prevailing wind (Plume Dispersion). If the vapour cloud so formed, while still at

above the lower explosive limit (LEL) comes in contact with a source of ignition, a vapour cloud

explosion can occur with consequential damage due to over pressure. However, in view of the

close control and supervision exercised by SKRC during the course of operations, the possibility

of such an event occurring is considered to be very unlikely.

However, if the inflammable vapour cloud extends beyond the Factory limits, the

possibility of explosion altogether due to external sources of ignition cannot be ruled out

altogether as it is beyond the control limits of the SKRC. Mathematical models have been worked

107





out for finding out the possibility of the formation of inflammable vapour cloud within the

factory premises and extending beyond the Factory limits following spillage of failure of these

solvents drums that do not catch fire immediately, by Plume dispersion modeling and are

tabulated below:

The results of analysis for pool fire and plume dispersion/vapour cloud explosion are tabulated

below:

HAZARD

ANALYSIS

DESCRIPTION OF SOLVENT DRUM

n-Hexane

Model

7, 8, 9, 10

Xylene(Ortho)

Model

11, 12, 13

Pool Fire A B A B

- Flame height(m) 29.83 18.12 27.14 14.69

Distance to

Thermal radiation

- 37.5 kw/m2 zone(m) 15.58 8.40 14.53 6.77

- 12.5 kw/m2 zone(m) 26.98 14.55 25.16 11.73

Plume Dispersion

Inflammable Zone

- Down wind distance (m). 10.83 0.0 0.0 0.0

- Cross wind distance(m). 0.96 0.0 0.0 0.0

Vapour Cloud

Explosion

Blast Effects Zones

- Heavy damage, (m). 8.30 0.00 0.0 0.0

- Repairable damage( m). 16.59 0.00 0.0 0.0

Note: A= Unbunded pool

B= Assumed Bunded 6m X 5m (30 m2) pool area.

108

M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M.= PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor




The models above for pool fires, plume dispersions & vapour cloud explosions have been

specifically analysed for unbunded and bunded categories to demonstrate the beneficial effects of

containment of spills which reduce the distances of thermal radiation effects & consequent

damages and the possibilities of vapour cloud explosion from leaks and spills involving damages

to the different solvent drums.

It could be seen from the above analysis that the thermal radiation affected zone is

drastically reduced if leaks/spills are contained within limited area by way of kerbs, collection

sumps etc. It is therefore essential to restrict the spread of leakages/spillages of flammable/toxic

solvents to minimize the damage due to pool fires and to avoid vapour cloud explosions.

Solvent leaks due to failure of gaskets in pipeline:

The Pump discharge lines from solvent storage tanks in the tank farm to holding tanks in

the manufacturing blocks are considered. The typical line size considered is one and half inches of

NB. The gasket failure is considered to be between 2 bolts of the flange. The consequences are

modeled for n-Hexane and Methyl alcohol as they are considered to cover the maximum and

minimum risk scenarios.

The results of analysis for pool fire and plume dispersion/vapour cloud explosion are tabulated

below:

HAZARD

ANALYSIS

DESCRIPTION OF SOLVENT LINE

n-Hexane Model

14, 15, 16, 17

Methyl Alcohol Models

18, 19, 20, 21

Pool Fires

- Flame Height (m) 13.11 8.32

- 37.5Kw/m2 Radiation Zone (m) 5.63 - --

- 12.5Kw/m2 Radiation Zone (m) 9.76 6.14

Plume Dispersion

Inflammable Zone

- Down wind distance (m) 0.00 0.00

- Cross wind distance (m) 0.00 0.00

Vapour Cloud Explosion

Blast Effects Zones

- Heavy damage (m) 0.00 0.00

- Repairable damage (m) 0.00 0.00

109





The consequences of pool fires under the above circumstances are confined to the area

concerned. However, the flange leakages shall be stopped immediately, by stopping the transfer

of solvents or closing the respective isolation valves.

The Pump discharge line from holding tanks to reactors in the Manufacturing Blocks are

considered. The typical line size considered is 1" n.b. The flange leak considered is failure of

gasket between 2 bolts of the flange.

The results of analysis for pool fire and plume dispersion / vapour cloud explosion are

tabulated below:

HAZARD

ANALYSIS

DESCRIPTION OF SOLVENT LINE

n-Hexane

Model

22, 23, 24, 25

Methyl Alcohol

Models

26, 27, 28, 29

Pool Fires

- Flame Height (m) 10.57 6.69

- 37.5Kw/m2 Radiation Zone

(m)

4.32 --

- 12.5Kw/m2 Radiation Zone

(m)

7.48 4.66

Plume Dispersion

Inflammable Zone

- Down wind distance (m) 0.00 0.00

- Cross wind distance (m) 0.00 0.00

Vapour Cloud Explosion

Blast Effects Zones

- Heavy damage (m) 0.00 0.00

- Repairable damage (m) 0.00 0.00

110





The consequences of pool fires under the above circumstances are confined to the area

concerned. However, the flange leakages shall be stopped immediately, by stopping the transfer

of solvents after closing the respective isolation valves.

Hydrogen gas cylinder burst:

It is assumed that the Hydrogen gas cylinder has burst due to exposure to external heat

radiation and the released hydrogen caught fire Model (No.30). Each hydrogen cylinder contains

47.5 Ltrs or 588 grams of hydrogen.

Risk: Vapour Cloud Explosion:

The consequences of the scenario are mathematically modeledand the result is

summarized below:

Data used: Case

Flammable mass (Kg) 1.00

Yield Factor 0.11

Distance to Heavy Damage Zone (m) 7.1

Distance to Repairable Damage Zone (m) 14.3

Distance to major glass damage (m) 35.6

Max distance to 10% glass damage (m) 95.0

Recommendations:

The hydrogen battery of cylinders shall be properly secured by chain to prevent falling

down and getting damaged. The cylinder isolation valves are tightly closed and capped. Sources

of ignition shall be eliminated. The leakages in the area shall be periodically checked and

eliminated.

111





Fire Risk:

It can be seen from the results of the summary of the Risk Analysis study, the high

intensity radiation zone (37.5 kw/cm2), which is likely to cause serious damage to life and

property, is limited to the areas concerned and are well within the plant boundary.

In any case, in view of the close attention and supervision available during the working

hours, it can be safely assumed that leaks and spills, if any, would be detected and stopped from

time to time. Containment measures are taken within a short time of one min. or two of such an

occurrence.

Risk Contours:

The Risk contours for the pool fire of the hazardous chemical, n-Hexane 200 L drum

total failure in solvent tank farm have been drawn on the Site Layout plan (

Consequences:

The 37.5 kw/m2 and also 12.5 kW /m2 thermal radiation zones are within the plant area

and are well within the boundaries of Almelo Pvt Ltd Unit - II Sciences.

112





PROCESS SAFETY

M/s. Almelo Pvt Ltd Unit - II Sciences has proposed to manufacture a total of 70 Bulk

Drugs and intermediates on Campaign basis.

List of Products with their Production Capacity and Therapeutic use: List of Products with their Production Capacity and Therapeutic use Table:

SI.

No. Product Name Quantity


























113





M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.U.M.M.M.M.M.M,M,M.M.M.M

HARA Report

SI.

No. Product Name

Quantity












32 Anagliptin 8

Anti-diabetic



















114





SI.

No. Product Name

Quantity




























The infrastructure will be designed to manufacture all the above 70 proposed products on

Campaign basis (any 9 products will be manufacture at a time).

115





The Reactors configuration is the same for all products. All acidic reaction mixtures are handled in

Glass Lined Reactors (GLR). All reactors will be provided with Safety valves and Rupture discs.

Many of the API's manufactured here involve reactions which belong to the classes of

Condensation

Amination

Chemical Synthesis

Extraction

Decanting

Centrifugation

Filtration

Crystalization

Purification

Drying

Bulk Manufacturing

Methylation

Dehydration

Hydrolysis

Salt formation and Purification

Such reaction types are generally not highly exothermic

Small exotherms involved are easily controlled by adjusting rate of addition of reactants

or by jacket cooling.

Other more vigorous reactions involved are catalytic hydrogenation, oxidation,

chlorination, Acetylation, nitration, sulphonation, Azidation, Acylation, Reduction and

Bromination. They are also controlled by controlling the rate of jacket cooling/heating and

controlled addition of one of the reactants. Automation together with audio visual alarms will be

provided for control of the reactor temperature at a specified desired temperature by providing

control valves to regulate the flow of jacket cooling medium or addition of any of the reactant

chemical.

The explosive hazards associated with hydrogen are well-known. Depressurization of

residual hydrogen from Reactor after hydrogenation is completed has to be done very carefully

and shall be vented above the height of the building roof. It is suggested to test the area near the

vent for presence of Hydrogen in the flammable range. If it is in the flammable range,

116





precautions may be taken to dilute it with nitrogen during the period of hydrogen venting. There

should be a constant lookout for any leakage of hydrogen.

The staff shall be properly trained to handle the hazardous chemicals and to meet any

emergency situation. The static electricity problems during transport or loading / unloading or

centrifuge of slurries involving non-conducting solvents shall be taken care of by proper earthing

precautions.

General Observations:

Reaction temp. Range (-) 20 to 130° C

Pressure Hydrogenation only is carried at 2.0 kg/cm2

Exotherms Not high - easily controlled

Pressure build-up Nil

Hazardous chemicals / solvents used:

Acetic Acid

Acetic Anhydride

Acetone

Acetonitrile

Ammonium Hydroxide (25 %)

Ammonium per Sulphate

Cumen Hydro Peroxide

Ethanol Amine

Ethyl Acetate

Ethylene Dichloride

Ethanol Amene

Formaldehyde

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Chloride

Hydrogen peroxide (50%)

Hydrochloric Acid

Methane

Methanol

N-Hexane

pyridine

117




.


Sulphuric Acid

Iso propyl Alcohol

Tetra Hydro Furan

Liq. Ammonia (20%),

Sulphonyl Chloride

Methylene Dichloride

Nitric Acid

Potassium Hydroxide

Toluene, Triethylamine

Ether

Gaseous emissions : HCI, CO2, ft, NH3, SO2, Solvent Vapour, Boiler flue gas.

Effluent contamination : Small amounts of starting raw materials, intermediates and

products and dissolved solvents in aqueous effluent.

Solid waste : Spent Carbon / Boiler Ash, Organic Residue, Inorganic ETP

Sludge, Distilation bottom residues etc. The type of reactions involved and the safety

precautions suggested for the manufacture of the products are given below:

118





OBSERVATIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS

General

M/s. Almelo Pvt Ltd Unit - II Sciences has planned to construct a well-designed, well-

maintained, clean and green plant. Excellent systems will be set up for achieving reproducible

quality and quantity of products.

A total of 70 products, are proposed to be manufactured. All these products are one or

more stage processes. Most of the stages consist of either purification or salt formation etc.,

and there are no hazards involved with such stages.

The quantity of raw materials involved in the reactions and the products produced will

also be small in quantity and are below the threshold quantities. As such, the fire/explosion

risks involved are not much significant. The exothermicity involved in the reactions will easily

be handled either by controlled charging of one of the reactants or by controlled jacket

quenching by providing control valves suitably.

Generation of static electricity will be involved during the transport of solvents in

pipelines or centrifuging of the slurries containing the solvents. All steps shall be taken to

discharge the static electricity generated, if any, during the production steps and other related

jobs. The Risk Analysis study indicates that both the 37.5 Kw/m2 and 12.5 Kw/m2 thermal

radiation zones are well within the proposed plant boundary.

For proper and adequate hazard identification, complete Process Design Basis including

Heat and Material Balance needs to be maintained. In event of a release scenario in one

plant, there are potential impacts on neighboring plants / facilities; therefore, an exhaustive

layout review needs to be taken into account. This should target at possible reduction of the

impact or likelihood of domino effects.

+ In production blocks flammable vapours may be present, so stringent precautions are

taken to prevent ignition by eliminating / containing source of ignition. Source of ignition

119





may include open flames, lightening, smoking, cutting and welding operations, lighting / hot surfaces, frictional heat, sparks (static, electrical and mechanical), spontaneous and

radiant heat.

+ Use of mechanical equipment and tools that can generate sparks in operation should be

avoided within the process areas.

+ Ensure strict implementation of 'NO SMOKING' and 'NO MOBILE' at the facility to

minimize ignition chances. The vehicles entering inside the plant should be ensured to be

fitted with flame arrestors.

+ During unloading of various solvents, proper grounding of the road tankers to be

ensured.

+ Emergency procedures should be well rehearsed and state of readiness to be achieved.

Underground Storage

+ Underground tanks are proposed for the storage of hazardous solvents used in bulk. The

U/G tanks provide intrinsically safe environment and eliminate the possibility of a `BLEVE'

and hence there is no possible Domino Effect. These underground tanks have to be

fabricated as per IS/BS specifications and shall be approved by Chief controller of

explosives. Each tank has a capacity of 25/30 KL.

+ Tanks layout, civil works and erection shall be as per relevant approved standards.

+ The ends of the vent pipes of U/G tanks shall be properly secured & fitted with flame

arresters and shall be protected from rain by hood and by suitably bending it downward.

+ Anchoring of the tanks shall be properly done to overcome the upward thrust due to

water table

+ Solvents viz. Acetone, Ethyl acetate, IPA, Methanol, Methylene dichloride, n-Heptane,

Petroleum ether, Tetra hydro furan, Toluene will be stored in bulk in underground

storage tanks of 25/30 KL each in solvent storage yard.

Electrical bonding for solvents pipelines across the flanges etc. and earthing shall be

provided to prevent accumulation of static electricity, which is one of the most possible

sources of ignition.

+ All the tanks shall be properly earthed.

+ Flame-proof motors and electrical fittings shall be provided as per the area code.

120





Liquid Raw Materials and other solvents Storage

Above Ground Storage Tanks

The liquid raw materials and other solvents viz. Acetic acid, Chloroform, Ethanol and

Butyl methyl ether will be stored in above ground tanks. shall be clearly visible. These

tanks will be provided with necessary enclosures restrict entry to this area

Storage of chemicals / Solvents in drums

Other solvents/chemicals will be stored in drums of HDPE / GI of 200 Litres in sheds built

with structural steel, covered roof and open on all the four sides, category wise with

name board and with a gap separating each category.

It is recommended that the flooring of the shed shall be properly sloped towards the

respective sides. A suitable covered trench shall be made all along these sides, with

proper slopes such that any spillage anywhere in the shed is led to one corner of the shed

with a suitable sump outside the storage shed. The suggested outside sump shall be

located at a safer distance from the storage sheds and provided with a hood with

ventilation. The purpose of this arrangement is that any leakage from the solvent drums

will not make a pool in the storage shed but will be led away to an outside sump for

recovery / disposal to reduce the fire hazard.

The drum storage floor area may preferably be made of least porous concrete so that the

raw material if leaks, will not be absorbed in the floor and will be led to the trench and

then to the outside sump at a safer distance, thus reducing the fire hazard potential.

In the storage shed each category of raw material will be stored at the designated place

and the name of the raw material shall be painted and shall be clearly visible. Each drum / container also shall be properly labeled indicating the name of chemical and its

properties. Utmost care shall be taken to avoid mixing of drums of different chemicals

such that the drum contains only the designated material.

Display clearly on caution board, the hazardous nature of the solvents/ raw materials and

protective gear to be used while handling these solvents.

Display 'NO SMOKING' board in solvent yard and strictly comply with the same.

First aid fire extinguishers may be provided at suitable places.

All electrical fittings will be of flame-proof type as per area code.

Solvent storage yard shall be provided with lightning arrestor.

Solvent storage yard shall be provided with fire hydrant system.

121





Acids and Alkali Storage

+ Sulphuric acid, Nitric acid, Hydrochloric acid is stored in above ground tanks.

+ These tanks shall be provided with suitable dyke enclosures to contain leakages/spillages.

+ The potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide are stored in HDPE bags.

+ The flooring shall be made with acid-proof brick/tiles or epoxy-based coat to prevent

corrosive attack.

+ Acids and alkalis are corrosive chemicals and require to be handled by persons avoiding

contact with them. Personnel protective equipment like goggles, gloves, gum boots etc.

shall be strictly used.

Eye wash and safety shower may be provided.

+ Display clearly on a caution board the hazardous nature of the chemicals and protective

gear to be used while handling these chemicals. Also display the first aid actions on the

caution board.

finished Product Storage Room:

+ The storage room may be constructed with a passage (say about 10 ft.) in the middle. On

both sides of the passage, products will be stored category wise and with a partition wall

separating each category.

+ Each partition in the room shall store only one category of product. The name of the

product shall be painted and shall be clearly visible. Each drum/ container shall be labeled

both inside and outside the drum indicating the name of the chemical and its properties in

brief.

+ Display clearly on a caution board the hazardous nature of the APIs and protective gear

to be used while handling them.

+ All electrical and fittings shall be appropriate as per area code.

+ The workers and supervisors may be given proper training in handling hazardous

chemicals, use of safety gear and appropriate fire extinguishing medium.

+ Drums shall be stored as single height only and not stacked one over the other.

+ Non-sparking tools shall be used.

+ No Smoking boards will be displayed. It is to be enforced that any visitor or driver of any

vehicle shall deposit cigarettes, lighter or match box at the gate before entering the plant.

+ Drum trolleys will be used for transportation of drums.

122





+ The workers and supervisors may be given proper training in handling this hazardous

chemical, use of safety gear and use of appropriate fire extinguishing medium.

+ Clean and dry flooring shall be maintained.

General

+ Entry to be restricted to the authorized persons only.

Declare the plant as No-Smoking area & Display No-Smoking boards.

Proper and adequate fire extinguishers may be provided at vulnerable locations as per

requirement and promptly replaced as and when exhausted.

+ Wind sock may be provided preferably at the entrance gate and other high locations to

know the direction of wind. It shall be visible from all places in the plant.

+ M/s. Almelo Pvt Ltd Unit - II Sciences, Management shall attach utmost importance and

priority to safety, loss prevention, training and health of employees and concerned for

neighboring public. They shall have qualified, experienced and competent staff for the

operation and maintenance of plants producing similar drugs.

+ Color code for piping has to be followed.

+ Any truck allowed inside should be checked for spark arrestor at the entrance.

+ The inventory of raw materials and products shall be kept minimum to the extent

possible.

+ Any oil leakages should be isolated and attended immediately.

+ All precautions against Static Charges shall be taken. Conductive hoses shall be used while

loading/unloading the tankers for the Solvents. Proper earthing to be provided.

+ Adequate facilities shall be provided to handle any emergency and to mitigate the effects

of any possible accident, in spite of all the care taken to prevent the same.

Effluents

+ The liquid and gases effluents are proposed to be treated suitably to meet the statutory

norms. Solid waste will be disposed of to Authorized Agencies.

123





Occupational Health & Safety (OHS):

+ The manufacturing processes will be carried out in closed circuits eliminating the exposure

of plant personnel to hazardous chemicals. Strict vigilance will be kept for spotting any

leakage of hazardous chemicals and immediate steps will be taken to rectify the leakages.

+ The plant will be operated and maintained as per standard practices taking all safety

precautions.

A plan of pre-placement health check up and periodical health status evaluation of workers

withspecial reference to exposure to work environment will be prepared and strictly executed.

Sufficient funds will be allocated to meet the requirements.

Risk analysis calculations

CONSEQUENCE CALCULATIONS

HAZARDS ASSOCIATED WITH FLAMMABLE MATERIALS

The major hazards from these types of materials may be fire and radiation, explosion. Fire and

explosion hazards depend on the range of flammable concentrations of the material in air among

all common gaseous fuels. Any spillage or loss of containment of heavier hydrocarbons may

create a highly flammable pool of liquid around the source of release. High entrainment of gas

phase in the liquid phase can lead to jet fires. If released at temperatures higher than the normal

boiling point they can flash significantly.

DAMAGE CRITERIA

In consequence, analysis, use is made of a number of calculation models to estimate the physical

effects of an accident (spill of hazardous material) and to predict the damage (lethality, injury,

material destruction) of the effects. The calculations can roughly be divided in three major

groups:

a) Determination of the source strength parameters;

b) Determination of the consequential effects;

c) Determination of the damage or damage distances.

124

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The basic physical effect models consist of the following:

Source Strength Parameters

Calculation of the outflow of liquid out of equipment or tank or pipe, in case of rupture.

Calculation, in case of liquid outflow, of the instantaneous flash evaporation and of the

dimensions of the remaining liquid pool.

Calculation of the evaporation rate, as a function of volatility of the material, pool

dimensions and wind velocity.

Source strength equals pump capacities, etc. in some cases of pump discharge line ruptures for

catastrophic cases.

Consequential effects

Dispersion of gaseous material in the atmosphere as a function of source strength, relative

density of the gas, weather conditions and topographical situation of the surrounding area.

Intensity of heat radiation [in kW/ml due to a fire, as a function of the distance to the

source.

Energy of vapour cloud explosions [in N/m2], as a function of the distance to the distance of

the exploding cloud.

Concentration of gaseous material in the atmosphere, due to the dispersion of evaporated

chemical. The latter can be either explosive or toxic.

It may be obvious, that the types of models that must be used in a specific risk study strongly

depend upon the type of material involved:

Gas, vapour, liquid, solid?

Inflammable, explosive, toxic, toxic combustion products?

Stored at high/ low temperatures or pressure?

Controlled outflow (pump Inventory) or catastrophic failure?

Selection of Damage Criteria

The damage criterion gives the relation between extent of the physical effects (exposure) and the

percentage of the people that will be killed or injured due to those effects. The knowledge about

these relations depends strongly on the nature of the exposure. For instance, a lot is known

125





about the damage caused by heat radiation, than about the damage due to toxic exposure, and

for these toxic effects, the knowledge differs strongly between different materials. In

Consequence Analysis studies, in principle three types of exposure to hazardous effects are

distinguished:

1. Heat radiation, from a jet, pool fire or flash fire.

2. Explosion

3. Toxic effects, from toxic materials or toxic combustion products.

Heat Radiation

The consequences caused by exposure to heat radiation are function of:

The radiation energy onto the human body [kW/m2];

The exposure duration [sec];

The protection of the skin tissue (clothed or naked body).

The limits for 1% of the exposed people to be killed due to heat radiation, and for second-

degree burns are given in the table below:

Table 3-1: Damages to Human Life Due to Heat Radiation

Exposure Duration Radiation energy (1%

lethality, kW/m2

Radiation energy for

2nd degree bums,

kW/m2

Radiation energy for

first degree bums,

kW/m2

10 Sec 21.2 16 12.5

30 Sec 9.3 7.0 4.0

Since in practical situations, only the people outside will be exposed to heat radiation. In case of

a fire, it is reasonable to assume the protection by clothing. It can be assumed that people would

be able to find a cover or a shield against thermal radiation in 10-sec. time. Furthermore, 100%

lethality may be assumed for all people suffering from direct contact with flames, such as the

pool fire, a flash fire or a jet flame. The effects due to relatively lesser incident radiation intensity

are given below:

126





Table 3-2: Effects Due To Incident Radiation Intensity

HARA Report

Radiation Intensity (kW/m2) Casualty Threshold

0.7 Equivalent to Solar Radiation

1.6 No discomfort for long exposure

4.0 Sufficient to cause pain within 20 sec. Blistering of skin (first

degree burns are likely)

9.33 Pain threshold reached after 8 sec. Second degree burns after 20

sec. 1% lethality.

12.7 Minimum energy required for piloted ignition of wood, melting

plastic tubing etc. 10% lethality

18.47 50% lethality

36.56 99% lethality

The actual results would be less severe due to the various assumptions made in the models arising

out of the flame geometry, emissivity, angle of incidence, view factor and others. Upon ignition,

a spilled liquid would burn in the form of a large turbulent diffusion flame. The size of the flame

would depend upon the spill surface and the thermo-chemical properties of the spilled liquid. In

particular, the diameter of the fire (if not confined to a dyke), the visible height of the flame, the

tilt and drag of the flame due to wind can be correlated to the burning velocity of the liquid. The

radiative output of the flame would be dependent upon the fire size, extent of mixing with air

and the flame temperature. Some fraction of the radiation is absorbed by carbon dioxide and

water vapour in the intervening atmosphere. In addition, large pool fires produce thick smoke,

which can significantly obscure flame radiation. Finally the incident flux at an observer location

would depend upon the radiation view factor, which is a function of the distance from the flame

surface, the observer's orientation and the flame geometry.

Estimation of the thermal radiation hazards from pool/ jet fires essentially involves 3 steps;

characterization of flame geometry, approximation of the radiative properties of the fire and

calculation of safe separation distances to specified levels of thermal radiation.

127





Explosion

In case of vapour cloud explosion, two physical effects may occur:

flash fire over the whole length of the explosive gas cloud;

A blast wave, with typical peak overpressures circular around ignition source.

As explained above, 100% lethality is assumed for all people who are present within the cloud

proper.

For the blast wave, the lethality criterion is based on:

Peak overpressure of 0.1 bars will cause serious damage to 10% of the housing/structures.

Falling fragments will kill one of each eight persons in the destroyed buildings.

The following damage criteria may be distinguished with respect to the peak overpressures

resulting from a blast wave:

Table 3-3: Damage Due To Overpressures

Peak Overpressure, bar Damage Type

0.83 Total destruction

0.30 Heavy damage, nearly complete destruction of houses

0.27 Cladding of light industrial building ruptures

0.2 Steel frame buildings distorted and pulled from foundations

0.16 Lower limit of serious structural damage

0.14 Partial collapse of walls and roofs of houses

0.027 Limited minor structural damage

0.01 Typical pressure of glass breakage

From this it may be concluded that p = 0.17 E+5 pa corresponds approximately with 1%

lethality. Furthermore it is assumed that everyone inside an area in which the peak overpressure

is greater than 0.17 E+5 pa will be wounded by mechanical damage. For the gas cloud explosion

this will be inside a circle with the ignition source as its centre.

128





CONSEQUENCE ANALYSIS CALCULATIONS

This section documents the consequence-distance calculations. A Maximum Credible Accident

(MCA) can be characterized as the worst credible accident. Another aspect, in which the

pessimistic approach of MCA studies appears, is the atmospheric condition that is used for

dispersion calculations. In general, a very stable atmosphere (Pasquill class F) and a low wind

speed (1.5 m/s) are assumed. These conditions result in the lowest dispersion velocity &

consequently in the highest vapour concentrations and the largest damage distances. Less

pessimistic assumptions (e.g. neutral weather, wind speed 3 m/s), which are generally the more

average conditions, result in smaller damage distances.

In Risk Assessment studies contributions from low frequency - high outcome effect as well as high

frequency - low outcome events are distinguished. The objective of the study is making the

facility safer and have better emergency planning, hence only holistic & conservative assumptions

are used for obvious reasons. Hence though the outcomes may look pessimistic, the planning for

emergency concept should be borne in mind whilst interpreting the results. The Consequence

Analysis has been done for selected scenarios for weather conditions D-3 m/sec and F-1.5 m/sec.

129





CONSEQUENCE ANALYSIS CALCULATIONS

130





Leak from 1, 4-Dioxane tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters

Temperature Atmospheric

Pressure Atmospheric

Capacity 30 KL

Heat Radiation Model

Exposure duration 30 sec

6m

(100 % fatality within the pool area)

For exposure duration of 30 sec. and protected human body the damage distances are as

follows:

Pool Fire Model

Percent Lethality Thermal Load

(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

First Degree Burns 4.0 19.4461 24.0524

1 9.33 16.7495 20.609

10 12.70 15.9469 19.6366

50 18.47 14.8394 18.4

99 36.56 Not Reached 16.5519

Probability

Base Frequency

Ignition Probability

Accident Probability

Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

4.3E-04 per year

0.3

4.3E-04 * 0.3 per year/ drum

1.29E-04 per year/drum

Atmospheric

131





Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report

Concentration (ppm) Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

10000 22.6777 20.3567

20000 16.5136 13.7242

Vapour Cloud Explosion Model

Damage Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect Distance(m)

Ignition Centre (m)

Effect Distance (m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 56.775 20 45.9635 20

0.1379 29.522 20 26.7226 20

0.2068 27.3679 20 25.2018 20

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year/ tank

0.3

4.3E-04 * 0.3 per year/ tank

= 1.29E-04 per year/tank

132





Study Folder: OPA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 12122 Model: Leakage of 1 .4-Dioxane tank Material: 1 A-DIOXANE Weathers

,.--,

.E - a)

_i . °

.1.T3

1 is

Radiation vs Distance for Late Pool Fire 31.5

29.5

27.5

II

1 25.5

- Category 1.5/F - Category 3/D

23.5

21.5

19.5

17.5

5.5 1

13.5

11.5

9.5

7.5

5.5

3.5 C - rq CO -1- C) C) r--- co C) C. .,- C'..I CO -zr Li-) CO r-- co C) C. .,- r..1 CO ',I- 47 LO r--- CO rl r-4 r-.1 r-.1 C'.1 r-.1 r-.1 C'.1

Distance Downwind (m)

Study Folder: 0 RA- S 0 LVA NTS Audit No: 12122 Model: Leakage of 1 .4-Dioxane tank Material: 1 ,4-DIOXANE Weathers

-c.-1

§-

.._..

ra)

° 77i

03

is


I 29.5

27.6

25.5

23.5 - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/D 21.5

19.5

6 17 -

15.5 .

13 6 -

11.5

9.5

7.5

5.5

3.5 O - C-4 CO -,1- 1-fl LO 1--- CO 0) 0 .,- r-.1 CO -z1- CL] LO I---- CO C) C. .,- r-.1 CO -z1- CL] CO I---- CO CA C.-1 CA r..1 CA r..1 C.-1 r..1 C.-1


133





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 12122 Model: Leakage of 1,4-Dioxane tank Material: 1 A-DIOXANE Weathers - Category 1.5/F led-004 p - Category 1.5/F 2e+004 p

Category 3/D 1e+004 ppr - Category 3/D 2e1-004 ppr

22

17

12

13

18

Flash Fire Enve ope

-23m

IA 11111 1111 111/ 'NMI Mr

---°1111I 1&_ C 1-n M 0-7 ti U m M Ln w rn M Ln ti m M

CA CV


134





Rupture from 1, 4-Dioxane tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL



7m



follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 14.2667 16.812

10 12.70 10.6876 12.255

50 18.47 7.39754 7.70362

99 36.56 Not Reached Not Reached

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



135




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Flash Fire / VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

10000 19.8122 18.7674

20000 12.0438 10.5792


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 69.9098 10 67.0201 10

0.1379 25.5121 10 24.7639 10

0.2068 22.0029 10 21.424 10

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3


1.29E-04 per year/tank

136





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 12122 Model: Rupture of 1.4-Dioxane tank Material: 1 A-DIOXANE Weathers

, ,,, 5--

T _i . °

.77.3

-7,-

CC


29.5

27.5 1

i 25.5


23.5

21.5

19.5

17.5

15.5

13.5

11.5

9.5

7.5

-"''-'-'-.-- 5.5

3.5 O - cal Cl -1- 41 LC, r-- co o-) o - Cl co -1- Co Co r--- co o-) o - cv co -zr 41 LC, r---

CV CV CV CV CV CV CV


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 12122 Model: Rupture of 1 .4-Dioxane tank Material: 1 A-DIOXANE Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/D

1

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0 1

0

Late Explosion Overpressure vs Distance

N


O 111 LO

O

137




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Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 12122 Model: Rupture of 1 A-Dioxane tank Material: 1 A-DIOXANE Weathers - Category 1.5/F le+01=14 p - Category 1.5/F 2e+004 p

Category 3/D 1e+004 ppr - Category 3/D 2e1-004 ppr

Flash Fire Envelope


138





Leak from Acetone tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL



m



follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 27.9693 30.2204

10 12.70 24.4234 27.0741

50 18.47 19.451 22.4375

99 36.56 11.4765 12.631

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



139





Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

13000 43.0387 40.9283

26000 32.3278 29.2823


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 131.069 40 99.5327 40

0.1379 63.58 40 55.4145 40

0.2068 58.2457 40 51.9274 40

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



140





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Leakage of Acetone tank Material: ACETONE Weathers

Radiation vs Di stance for Late Pool Fire

80

75

70

65 - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/D

60 'r7

55 E

50

.T1.) 45

.1 40 _1

9 35 73 -a 3

03 30

25

20

15

10

5

0 Co ,..., , Co CO Co rJ ',1" Co CO 0 CV ',I' tO CO 0 CV ',1" tO CO Co

CA CA CA CA CA CO CO CO CO CO ,i-


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Leakage of Acetone tank Material: ACETONE Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/0

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0 Co Co Co Co Co Co o Co o Co Co o Co Co LI) Co Co o CI7 o Co o Ln o Ln N r-4 CO CO t V Cn Cn C9 Co ti N- CO CO 67 67 Co Co N CA CO CO



141




11 II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II 11


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Leakage of Acetone tank Material: ACETONE Weathers - Category 1.5/F 1.3ed-004 - Category 1.5/F 2.6e+004

Category 3/D 1.3e+004 p - Category 3/D 2.6e-F004 p

41

36

31

26

21

16

1

6

1

4

9

-14

19

24

29

34

39

44

Flash Fire Envelope

=MP' MP' MIIIMm=11111= MPANITMIIMEIMMILIIIM

MENLTAIM====11014.1-1= -learill========-1311M MM1=========MIMM MWAFM============ M1MM==========i111 MI1===========MIM ============WAPM MMMMMM=M=MMMWAM Mffli=========IIMPIRM MILCOMIN======Miniv= MILITAMPOIMINIMMICIIM

=MM. Distance Downwind (m)

142





Rupture of acetone tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 25.8107 28.1538

10 12.70 22.2649 25.0074

50 18.47 17.2925 20.3708

99 36.56 9.31794 10.5643

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



143





Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

13000 62.6686 64.8744

26000 47.8312 43.894


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 207.047 50 192.474 50

0.1379 95.3506 50 84.2479 50

0.2068 87.3535 50 76.5002 50

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



144





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Rupture of Acetone tank Material: ACETONE Weathers


80

75

70


60 'r7

55 E

50

.T1.) 45

.1 40 _1

° 35 73 w 30

03

25

20

16

10

0 0 CV -zr LO CO 0 CV -1- CD CO 0 CA -1- CD CO 0 CV -zr LO r-4 CA C-4 C,1 CA M M M M CO

M


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Rupture of Acetone tank Material: ACETONE Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/0

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0


Co In CO CO Cn

o o C-4 Co ti CO CO


145




11 II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II 11


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Rupture of Acetone tank Material: ACETONE Weathers - Category 1.5/F 1.3e+004 - Category 1.5/F 2.6e-F004

Category 3/D 1.3e+004 p - Category 3!D 2.6ed-004 p

65 Flash Fire Envelope

55

45

35

25

15-

5-

-5-

-15-

25

-35

45

55

dill lirr., AMPLZIAM MONII

1111 41111 MOMIll IINEIW ONIIIrillMOv

411 --1-111111"w 65Ln

Lci D Ln O IU D Ln O LU O Ln D Ln O Ln D IU O Ln O LU D IU O Ln O LU

LD Ln C.-1 N r..1 0-) [Y] V V LD LD In In


146





Leak from aceto nitrile tank : pool fire , Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL



7m



follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 23.4069 25.0973

10 12.70 20.6215 22.6535

50 18.47 16.6154 18.9464

99 36.56 10.0182 10.662

Probability

Base Frequency



Flash Fire/ VCE

4.3E-04 per year

0.3


= 1.29E-04 per year/drum

147





Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

22000 28.8993 26.2461

44000 20.3583 16.6954


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 58.65 20 48.4117 20

0.1379 30.0074 20 27.3565 20

0.2068 27.7435 20 25.6923 20

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



148





Study Folder: OIRA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 12122 Model: Leakage of acetonitrile tank Material: ACETONITIRILE Weathers

65

Radiation vs Distance for Late Pool Fire

60

55

50

F - 1E

45 - Category 1.5/F - Category 3!D 40

35 a) J . 30 .

t73 25 .e

CO

is 20

15

10

5

0 O - cv cr) -zr L.Li LE. r- CO M 0 .,- C.-1 Cc) -zr Lo w r--- co m o - r4 rn -1- Lo CO r--- CO M 0 .,- C"..1 Cc) -zr N r4 r-4 ri r-4 ri r-4 r-4 r-4 r-4 rn ro ro to rn


Study Folder: OIRA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 12122 Model: Leakage of acetonitrile tank Material: ACETONITIRILE Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers - Category 1.5 /F - Category 3/D

1

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0 1

0

Late Exp osion Overpressure vs Di stance

CO CO CO CO CO CO N CI CO CO

CI CO CO CO


CO 00 CO CO 00 LU LU LU

CO LU

CO LU

149





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 12122 Model: Leakage of acetonitrile tank Material: ACETONITRILE Weathers - Category 1.5/F 2.2e+004 - Category 1.5/F 4.4e+004

Category 3/D 2.2e+004 p - Category 3/D 4.4e+004 p

26

21

16

1 1

14

19

24

-29

Flash Fire Envelope

OINCIMIIMMIl 11111 NIM= NM111 1111111111111111111/111 INBIEN1111111111111i1

Iiiiiiiil I 11mm.

a) M M N r r r r 1-0 M


I-11 1-0 M1- 0-1

CV

150





Rupture of acetonitrile tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 21.0952 22.8974

10 12.70 18.3098 20.4536

50 18.47 14.3036 16.7464

99 36.56 7.7064 8.46202

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



151





Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

22000 33.4451 33.9324

44000 19.3717 19.077


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 128.01 20 123.206 20

0.1379 50.4452 20 46.7225 20

0.2068 45.82 20 40.6773 20

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



152





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 12122 Model: Rupture of acetonitrile tank Material: ACETONITRILE Weathers

66


60

55

50

F1E 46 - Category 1.5/F - Category 3!D 40

7' 35 a) J . 30 0

.77.3

26

is 20

15

10

5

0

--

O - CV cr) -1- C) o N- co 0-7.0%-rACO'zr,-.OLOr---000-)0,-C1CO,r,-.OLON-000-70%-r-1 CV CA CA CA CA CV CV CV CV CA CO CO IN


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 12122 Model: Rupture of acetonitrile tank

ACETONITRILE Material: ACETONITILE Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers

1.1

1

0.9

- 0.8 'c.73

.`:7). 0.7

0-) ' 0 6 .

7 0.5 01

T, 0.4

c) 0.3

0.2

0.1

0 0,-.00,-.00,-.00,-.00,-.00400,-.0.0,-00,-.0.0,-0.0,-00,-.0.0,-00



.

.,- ,- CA CV CO CO -1- -zr LE) LD LO CD M1- M1- CO CO 07 0) o o - - IN CV CO

Dis ance Downwind (m)

153





Study Folder: QRA- SOLVANTS Audit No: 12122 Model: Rupture of acetonitrile tank Material: ACETONITPILE Weathers

Flash Fire Envelope

31

26

21

.-" 116

.-_;. i 6- w . 1

4 - 4- . 78 9-

14

19

24

29

I I -...N=IMIMMIMMiirm-__ Aida 1111111111. .

Ilhhhii... Adidil _....illi

pionmmmillum a ria..r.5 - Category 1.5/F 2.2e+004 - Category 1.5/F 4.4e+004

Category 3/D 2.2e+004 p - Category 3/0 4.4e+004 p

All R2111 IIRN lk jil Igl ION L fi I kl I

I II 1 II 1 1

ki Pi r in 111 IZI PEI 11,

11 liTIMO 1110521 OF 141 gPr -911111119 PPP.

...P.P.-- 34 t r.,, i= CO LD ',1' CV 0 CO LD ',1' CA 0 CO LJ t CA 0 to corn cA r-4 c,,c,4 cA

Distance Downwind

CV -zr LD CO 0 CA -1- LJ CO 0 pi 74 p.i CO Rp6,7,

(m)

Leak from butyl acetate tank: pool fire, Flash fire

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


154





1 9.33 13.1806 14.8223

10 12.70 10.3908 11.2248

50 18.47 9.39534 9.40109


Probability

Base Frequency



Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

4.3E-04 per year

0.3



Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

8500 5.97946 8.27033

17000 2.30042 2.2207


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

155





0.02068 No Hazard - No Hazard -



Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 8654 Model: Leakage of butyl acetate tank Material: n-BUTYL ACETATE Weathers


23.9

21.9


19.9 Fr' E

§-- 17.9 ....

15.9 .T,.,

_1 E 13.9

'Ws'

-3 11.9 cc

9.9

7.9

5.9

3.9 o - r.., CO -1- LO CO r--- CO 61

Distance

0 .k- CV

Downwind

CO

(m)

',1- Lc) CO r-- CO 61 0 r.,

.k- r,-,

Study Folder: OIRA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 8654 Model: Leakage of butyl acetate tank Material: n-BUTYL ACETATE Weathers - Category 1 .5 /F 8500 pprr - Category 1 .5 /F 1.7e+004

Category 3/D 8500 ppm - Category 3/D 1 7e1-004 p

Flash Fire Envelope

7.7

6.7

5.7

4.7

3.7

2.7

1.7 - 0.7-

-0.3 - -1.3- 2.3

3.3

4.3

5.3

6.3

7.3

8.3 (-.-) CO O-1 CO CO CO O-1 CO 0-1 CO 0-1 CO CO CO. O-1 CO O-1 1--- 1--- 1--- 1--- r--- r-- 1-- 1-- CV

CO 1--- r-- CD CD U7 49 V V [-2 0-] C-1 CV 0 0 0 0 C-1 CV [-0 CO -1- V -0 U7 CD CD r-- 1--- CO


-





Rupture of butyl acetate tank: pool fire, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 11.1877 12.9423

10 12.70 8.39796 9.34477

50 18.47 7.40246 7.52104


Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3







Flash Fire / VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

8500 6.71878 6.66576

17000 3.86152 3.94164


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)




Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



158





Study Folder QRA -SOLVANTS Audit No: 8654 Model: Rupture of butyl acetate tank Material: n-BUTYL ACETATE Weathers - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/0

25.9

23.9

21.9

19.9

17.9

15.9

13.9

11.9

9.9

7.9

5.9

3.9


Cr) LO ti CO .3) O Cr) LO CO


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 6654 Model: Rupture of butyl acetate tank Material: n-BUTYL ACETATE Weathers - Category 1.5/F 8500 pprr - Category 1.5/F 1.7e+004

Category 3/0 8500 ppm - Category 3/D 1.7e-l004 p

6.2

5.2

4.2

3.2

2.2

1.2

0.2

0.8

1.8

2.8

3.8

4.8

-5.8

6.6o:

Flash Fire Envelope

a ML 11

timm LO LO

co

'42 '42

CO

-zr m CO

Cr)

CO cq CO

c M1


M1

Cr)

M1 M1

LO

M1

CO

159





Leak from Diethyl ether tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 37.8288 40.6639

10 12.70 33.0385 36.4037

50 18.47 26.5427 30.4631

99 36.56 16.1535 18.4288

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



160




MIIMMII II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II M


Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

8500 74.7828 66.0499

17000 57.8549 48.1426


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 245.292 70 169.161 60

0.1379 115.388 70 88.2646 60

0.2068 105.12 70 81.8705 60

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



161

MN PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor




Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 9085 Model: Leakage of diethyl ether tank Material: DIETHYL ETHER Weathers

Radiation vs Distance for Late Pool Fire 130

120

110

100


F,., E

§ 80

70 .T1.)

.1

60 0

50 .7L3

03

40

30

20

10

0 D r., ,i- CD CO 0 CA ',I- LO CO 0 C+I ',1' LO CO 0 r4 -1- LO CO 0 r4 -zr LO CO 0 CA -zr CD CA CA r4 r4 4-.1 4-0 CO CO CO CO -zr -4' -7 -7 -4 LU 40 1.0 47


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 9085 Model: Leakage of diethyl ether tank Material: DIETHYL ETHER Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/D

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0


LO N- CO CO 67 O 4-4 4-0 LU LO ti

CO CO


LU

162





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 9085 Model: Leakage of diethyl ether tank Material: DIETHYL ETHER Weathers - Category 1.5/F 8500 pprr - Category 1.5/F 1.7e+004


75

65

55

45

35

25

15

5

5

-15

25

35

45

55

-65

75Ln

Flash Fire Envelope

=ILIE MEE

A I U I 1

1°1".44111 II' I 3

2111121111IREINIE NIMIIMMENNEMMENNESICIIN OMOJM ONFAMONS

MHEIMMENNEMENNEMENNEMEIMIN UNOMMENNEMMENNEMENNEWANU iNMMNM

L1111.411 IMIV1 3111011.1111MERIPM

ti

=EMIR MENEM-MEM

r

O r--

1-0 O L9

1-n O O -zr

O CV O O O O 1-0


O CV CV

O O O LE) LE)

O LO LO

O r--

Lfl

r--

163





Rupture from diethyl ether tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 35.5834 38.6361

10 12.70 30.7931 34.3758

50 18.47 24.2974 28.4353

99 36.56 13.9081 16.4009

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



164




MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM .M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M.M. MMMMMMMMMMMMM


Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

8500 111.119 106.697

17000 91.0719 80.7701


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 345.644 100 316.669 70

0.1379 165.965 100 144.284 70

0.2068 153.304 100 132.004 70

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



165





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 9085 Model: Rupture of diethyl ether tank Material: DIETHYL ETHER Weathers


120

110

100


,,--- c E

§ 80

70 .T1.)

.1

60 0

TE3 50 03

40

30

20

10 ------------"="- 0 0 C4 -1- CO CO 0 C4 -1- CO CO 0 CA -zr co co c. el -1- LO CO 0 C4 -1- CD CO 0 C4 -1-

CV CA CA CA 4-4 CO CO CO CO CO -7 -7 -7 -7' -7 LO 1-fl 47


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 9085 Model: Rupture of diethyl ether tank Material: DIETHYL ETHER Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/D

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0 . 1

0


LO CO CO O 0 0 co CO

4-4


CO O

166





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 9085 Model: Rupture of diethyl ether tank Material: DIETHYL ETHER Weathers - Category 1.5/F 8500 pprr - Category 1.5/F 1.7e+004


Flash Fire Envelope

20

0

20

40

60

-80


167





Leak from ethanol tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL



7m



follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 20.794 22.4342

10 12.70 18.2372 20.1803

50 18.47 14.4137 16.4575

99 36.56 9.53157 9.66268

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



168




MIIMMII II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II M


Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

21500 20.5262 20.5755

43000 13.6236 12.6501


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 47.7582 20 41.6344 20

0.1379 27.1873 20 25.6017 20

0.2068 25.5614 20 24.3344 20

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



169





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Leakage of Ethanol tank Material: ETHANOL Weathers

56


50

46


c.-7-4. 40

--. 36

w 30 .1

25 .

,g,

=. 03

20 03

cc

15

10

6 - 0 . - ,.., 00 , LE) LO M1- CO 61 0 .,- CA CO ',I' 1..0 LO M1- CO a) 0 ,- CA CO ',1" 1..0 LO M1- CO a) 0

C,1 CA CA CA CA CA CA CA N CA CO


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Leakage of Ethanol tank Material: ETHANOL Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers

Late Explosion Overpressure vs Distance 1.1

1

0.9

0.8 .-E-.

03

0.7 - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/D

- cu 0-) .

0 6 - . 0) 2 =

0.5 01 . 2 t, 0.4

8 0.3

0.2

0.1

0 C7 rA -1- Lo co o el -zi- CD CO 0 CA ',I' CD CO 0 CA ',I' CD CO 0 CA ',I' CD CO

CA CA CA CA C',1 CO CO CO CO CO -,1- -4 -4 -4 -4


170





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Leakage of Ethanol tank Material: ETHANOL Weathers - Category 1.5/F 2.15e+00- - Category 1.5/F 4.3e-F004

Category 3/D 2.15e+004 - Category 3!D 4.3ed-004 p

19

14

4

Flash Fire Envelope

41 CO CO 41 w C m IZ w 0-7 CV


171





Rupture of ethanol tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL



7m



follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 18.6955 20.3388

10 12.70 16.1387 18.0849

50 18.47 12.3152 14.3621

99 36.56 7.43304 7.56728

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



172






Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

21500 17.0371 18.5766

43000 8.15359 8.0369


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 67.7569 10 62.5836 10

0.1379 24.9547 10 23.6152 10

0.2068 21.5716 10 20.5351 10

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



173





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Rupture of Ethanol tank Material: ETHANOL Weathers

56


50

46


c.-7-4. 40

--. 36

w 30 w

25 .

,g,

=. cu

20 03

cc

15

10

5 - _

0 . - , P1 , 41 LO M1 CO 61 0 .,- CV CO -7 If-1 LO 1---- CO a) 0 ,- CV 7 LP LO M1 CO CA CA CV CO CV CV CV C-.1 CV CV


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Rupture of Ethanol tank Material: ETHANOL Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers


1

0.9

,_, 'c

0.8

-1-. 0.7

0-) . m 0.6 0-)

2 = 01 0.5 . 2 t, 0.4

0 0.3

0.2

0.1

il - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/D

0 o CA -1- LC, CO 0 CV -7 LO CO 0 CV -7 LO CO 0 CV -7 LO CO 0 CV -7 LC, CO 0 C-1 -7 LC, CO 0 CV -7 LO CO CV CV C-.1 CV C,1 CO CO CO CO CO -7- -7 -7 -4 -7 LL] 41 40 LiO 41 LO LO LO LO LO


174





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Rupture of Ethanol tank Material: ETHANOL Weathers - Category 1.5/F 2.15e+Cl0. - Category 1.5/F 4.3e-E004

Category 3/D 2.15e+004 - Category 3!D 4.3ed-004 p

19

17

15

13

11

7

5- 3-

Flash Fire Envelope

-1- -3

5- 7

9

11

13

15

17

19 in-,


IZ rz C

175





Leak from ethyl acetate tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 21.1825 24.2061

10 12.70 17.5193 20.4095

50 18.47 12.3625 13.8025

99 36.56 9.37242 9.40452

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



176





Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

11000 29.573 28.6499

22000 22.4895 20.1743


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 79.0655 20 61.3057 20

0.1379 35.2935 20 30.6951 20

0.2068 31.8338 20 28.2756 20

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



177





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 6019 Model: Leakage of Ethyl Acetate tank Material: ETHYL ACETATE Weathers


45

40

35 - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/D § 30

a.) 25

_1

9 20

-a [3

cc 15

10

6

0 ,- CA oi ,i- LI] LO M1 CO M 0 .,- CV CO ',I' LEI LO M1 CO 0-1 0 ,- r',1 P1 ',1" LI) LO M1 CO M 0 .%- CA CO N CA r..1 CV C,1 CV CA r..1 CA c-..immromm Distance Downwind (m)

Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 6019 Model: Leakage of Ethyl Acetate tank Material: ETHYL ACETATE Weathers


45

40


a.) 25

_1

9 20 -a [3 a 15

10

6

0 ,- el P1 -zr LI] LO M1 CO M 0 .%- CV CO ',I' LEI LO M1 CO 0-1 0 ,- r',1 P1 ',1" LI) LO M1 CO M 0 .%- CA CO N CA r..1 CV C,1 CV CA r..1 CA C-4 CO CO CO CO


CO CO

178





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 6019 Model: Leakage of Ethyl Acetate tank Material: ETHYL ACETATE Weathers - Category 1.5/F 1.1e+004 - Category 1.5/F 2.2e-E004


30

25

20

15

10

10

15

20

-25

30

Flash Fire Enve ape

PPPP- p yr

_...mmgi C. CO CO w On On CO

On On On CO V CA C. CO CO V r..1 On V CO CO C. CA V CO CO On On V CO CO On

On cI On


179





Rupture of ethyl acetate tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL



7m



follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 19.2351 22.3549

10 12.70 15.5719 18.5583

50 18.47 10.4152 11.9513

99 36.56 7.42505 7.55334

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



180





Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

11000 38.3245 38.1595

22000 27.0358 24.429


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 125.478 30 118.85 20

0.1379 54.7217 30 49.5327 20

0.2068 49.1291 30 45.114 20

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



181





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 6019 Model: Rupture of ethyl acetate tank Material: ETHYL ACETATE Weathers


45

40


0.) 25

_1

9 20 03

-a 03

cc 15

10

5

0 . - k-, CO ',1" 40 LO M1 CO 07 0 .,- CV CO ',1" 40 LO M1 CO 61 0 -,- CA CO ',1" 41 CD M1 CO 07 0 %- CV C,1 CA CA CA CA CV CV r,1 CA CA 01 01 01


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 6019 Model: Rupture of ethyl acetate tank Material: ETHYL ACETATE Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/D

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0


40 C7 41 0 40 0 r1 CV CO 40 C7 41 0 40 0 41 41 C7 41 41 41 C7 41 CO V V 41 LO LO M1 M1 CO CO 67 67 .0 0


182




=== == == = MW Mr 1

M. A

MM = == ==


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 6019 Model: Rupture of ethyl acetate tank Material: ETHYL ACETATE Weathers - Category 1.5/F 1.1e+004 - Category 1.5/F 2.2e+004

Category 3/D 1.1e+004 p - Category 3!D 2.2e+004 p

36

31

26

21

16

11

6

1

4

9

-14

-19

24

29

-34

39o-,

Flash Fire Envelope

cn co


183




fr fr Almelo Pvt Ltd Unit - H. HARA Report

Leak from heptanes tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 22.61 26.8779

10 12.70 17.8132 20.7532

50 18.47 12.6026 14.0154

99 36.56 9.55798 9.67182

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



184






Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

5000 33.8647 33.962

10000 25.6544 23.5429


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 95.4661 30 76.9291 30

0.1379 46.9508 30 42.1511 30

0.2068 43.1161 30 39.4023 30

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



185

:1 MN PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor




Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Leakage of Heptane tank Material: N-HEPTANE Weathers


45

40


'r7 E § 30

w 25

_1

20 9 -a

03 cc 15

10

5

0 . , , LO CO 0 CV 'I' LO CO 0 CA ',1" CD CO 0 CA zr CO CO 0 CA CA CA CA ry (U ro ro rn (U -4


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Leakage of Heptane tank Material: N-HEPTANE Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/D

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0


4] D 47 D 1,0 0 40 0 LP 0 L.C1

CA CA CO CO '7


CO LEI

CO

186





Study Folder: OPA- SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Leakage of Heptane tank Material: N-HEPTANE Weathers - Category 1.5/F 5000 ppm - Category 1.5/F 1 e-F004 p

Category 3/D 5000 ppm - Category 3!D 1e+004 ppr

31

26

21

16

11

6

-4

14

19

24

-29

34

Flash Fire Envelope

O LO V CI 6 OD LO V CA 6 OD LO -7 CA 0 CI -7 LO OD 6 CA V LO OD 6 r-4 V LO OD N N N r..1 N N N N r..1


N

187





Rupture of heptane tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 20.4575 24.7328

10 12.70 15.6607 18.6082

50 18.47 10.4501 11.8704

99 36.56 7.40543 7.52676

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



188





Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

5000 33.6607 37.3782

10000 23.9396 23.7473


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 116.662 20 110.431 10

0.1379 51.618 20 45.8896 10

0.2068 46.7275 20 42.295 10

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



189





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Rupture of Heptane tank Material: N-HEPTANE Weathers


45

40


'r7 E § 30

w 25

_1

9 20

-a 03

a 15

10

5

0 . , , L CO . , , CD CO 0 CV ',1" LO CO 0 C-.4 ',I' LO CO CA CV CA CV CA CO CO CO CO CO


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Rupture of Heptane tank Material: N-HEPTANE Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/D

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0


Ln Ln Ln rx1

Ln LO

Ln LO ti


Ln ti CO

Ln CO rn

LI) 0 o Ln

190





Study Folder: OPA- SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Rupture of Heptane tank Material: N-HEPTANE Weathers - Category 1.5/F 5000 pprr - Category 1.5/F 1 e+004 p

Category 3/0 5000 ppm - Category 3/D 1e-E004 ppr

37

32

27

22

17

12

7 - 2-

-3 - 8

13

18

Flash Fire Envelope

23

28

33

38co

mm

NEMI=IMOPF


191





Leak from hexane tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 22.8236 27.2602

10 12.70 17.8604 20.8283

50 18.47 12.6174 14.1322

99 36.56 9.58457 9.77453

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



192





Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

5250 54.2115 52.2628

10500 41.2829 37.4734


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 167.807 50 128.889 50

0.1379 80.5031 50 70.4264 50

0.2068 73.6026 50 65.8055 50

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



193





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Leakage of Hexane tank Material: N-HEXANE Weathers


45

40


'r7 E § 30

w 25

_1

20 9 -a

03

a 15

10

5

0 . , , LO CO 0 r..1 ',I' LO CO 0 CA ',1" CD CO 0 CA ',1" CO CO 0 CA C,1 CA CA CA N CO 01 CO CO CO '7 -4


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Leakage of Hexane tank Material: N-HEXANE Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/0

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1


0 Ln D UO 0 40 0 Ln 0 L.0 0 4] 0 LP D DUO D DUO 0 1-11 C7 1-11 DUO 0 L1-1 0 40 0 40 D 4] D 1-11 N CO CO V V Ln Ln LO LO ti rk CO CO 67 67 0 0 CA CO CO -4 -7 LI) Ln LO LO ti


194





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Leakage of Hexane tank Material: N-HEXANE Weathers - Category 1.5/F 5250 ppm - Category 1.5/F 1.05e+00

Category 3/D 5250 ppm - Category 3!D 1.05e+004

Flash Fire Envelope

15

25

35

45

55Ln In In In In O O O


O O O O LI)

41

195





Rupture of hexane tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 20.6388 25.002

10 12.70 15.6756 18.5701

50 18.47 10.4326 11.874

99 36.56 7.39976 7.51638

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



196





Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

5250 58.2111 63.4851

10500 45.6391 45.8934


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 193.863 50 177.623 40

0.1379 87.2498 50 80.2286 40

0.2068 78.8231 50 73.3902 40

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



197





Study Folder Q RA -SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Rupture of Hexane tank Material: N-HEXANE Weathers - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/0

45

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

6

0


C`,1 LO CO 0 CV LO CO 0 CA CA CA


LO CO 0 CA -zr CO CO cI cI Cc) Cc) Cc) Cc) Cc)

Study Folder: O RA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Rupture of Hexane tank Material: N-HEXANE Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/0

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0


LU CO CO CO LU LO

CO CO


198





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Rupture of Hexane tank Material: N-HEXANE Weathers - Category 1.5/F 5250 pprr - Category 1.5/F 1.05e+00.

Category 3/D 5250 ppm - Category 3/D 1.05e+004

56

46

36

26

Flash Fire Envelope

16- 6

-4 -

-14-

24

34

44

54

64 -4- 0-, 0-) -4- 0-, -4 0-, -4 0-, v 0-) LO Li) '4 [r] Cr) CA cI

LO LO


LO Cr) (7) CO LO LO

L79

199





Leak from methanol tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 15.1073 16.7622

10 12.70 12.8557 14.5764

50 18.47 9.55388 10.0393


Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



200





Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

36500 26.5524 25.4648

73000 17.9841 14.8482


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 51.3683 20 43.1217 20

0.1379 28.122 20 25.9868 20

0.2068 26.2846 20 24.6324 20

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



201





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Leakage of Methanol tank Material: METHANOL Weathers


31.8

29.8

27.8

25.8

FT - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/D

23.8 E t 21.8

19.8 T,

.1 17.8 _1

0 .7T5 15.8

13.8 03 cc

11.8

9.8

7.8

5.8

3.8 O - r.,, (N ,i- 41 CD 1--- CO 07 0 ,- C,I CO -7 1.fl CD r-- CO a) 0 -,- CA CA

CV CA


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Leakage of Methanol tank Material: METHANOL Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers

1.1

1

0.9

.-.=-. 0.8

03 - 0.7 cu 0-) 0

- 0) 0 6 .

2 = 01 0.5 . 2 t, 0.4

8 0.3

0.2

0.1

0 C7



- el -1- CD CO 0 C,I -7 CD CO 0 CV -7 CD CO 0 rJ -7 LO CO 0 C,I -7 CD CO 0 CA

CA N CA CA CA M CO CO CO M -7 -7 -7- t -7 1-n 47


202





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Leakage of Methanol tank Material: METHANOL Weathers - Category 1.5/F 3.65e-F00- - Category 1.5/F 7.3ed-004

Category 3/0 3.65e+004 - Category 3/D 7.3e+004 p

23

18

13

12

17

-22

27

Flash Fire Envelope

IP 1111 MI P ICOMENN N 111111 11= 1111 1111 11111 111111 111111111111111111O1/11 111111 121111 NOIMIIM A

,Ai ill111

41 0-7 F.- IZ CA CY CV CY

CO IZ w m m IZ w rn m IZ N- 4,1 CA


203





Rupture of methanol tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL



7m



follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 13.0298 14.5754

10 12.70 10.7783 12.3896

50 18.47 7.47639 7.85251


Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



204






Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

36500 21.4897 25.8088

73000 11.4426 12.5415


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 89.6967 10 86.5039 10

0.1379 30.6354 10 29.8088 10

0.2068 26.7376 10 26.7506 10

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



205





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Rupture of Methanol tank Material: METHANOL Weathers


31.8

29.8

27.8

25.8

FT - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/D

23.8 E t 21.8

19.8 T,

.1 17.8 _1

0 .7T5 15.8

13.8 03 cc

11.8

9.8

7.8

5.8

3.8 o - CV co -zr 40 CD r--- co m o - CV Cc) ,1" Lil CO 1---- CO 07 0 C,1


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Rupture of Methanol tank Material: METHANOL Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/D

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0


40 0 4] o 1,0 1,0 1,0 1,0 C.1 C',1 CO CO LO


LO ti CO CO

206





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Rupture of Methanol tank Material: METHANOL Weathers - Category 1.5/F 3.65e-F00- - Category 1.5/F 7.3ed-1304

Category 3/0 3.65e+004 - Category 3/D 7.3e+004 p

24

19

14

Flash Fire Envelope

9- 4-

6

11

16

21

,adil Al ISM MI IL I 1111 II sion=mmis er emonsirnms ion mu

26 co N 0 CO LO V r-4

cI O CO LO V r.4 O r.4 V LO


CO CI w LO CO on r..1 w LO cI cI

207





Leak from methyl isobutyl ketone tank : pool fire , Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 10.4978 11.2965

10 12.70 9.50304 9.48811



Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



208





Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

6000 17.1558 22.1596

12000 8.53469 14.2921


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 21.8938 10 43.8022 20

0.1379 13.0796 10 26.163 20

0.2068 12.3829 10 24.7688 20

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



209





Study Folder: QRA -SOLVANTS Audit No: 9087 Model: Leakage of methyl isobutyl ketone tank Material: METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE Weathers - Category 1.5/F - Category 3!D

18.5

17.5

16.5

15.5

14.5

13.5

12.5

11.5

10.5

9.5

8.5

7.5

6.5

5.5

4.5

3.5


LO ti CO .3) O 5-) LO CO


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 9087 Model: Leakage of methyl isobutyl ketone tank Material: METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers


1

0.9

_ 0.8 'c.

.1). 0.7

0-) . m 0.6 0-)

2 = 01 0.5 . t, 0.4

8 0.3

0.2

0.1

r I


0 O r.,, -1- LO CO 0 CV -1- LO CO 0 CV -1- LO CO 0 CV ',1' LO CO 0 CA -1- N ri r-4 r-4 r-4 Go Go Go ro ro -a- -a- -4


210




Study Folder: QRA- SOLVANTS

7411i91Mtil ILE? Model: Leakage of methyl isobutyl ketone tank Material: METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE Weathers - Category 1.6/F 6000 pprr - Category 1.6/F 1.2ed-004

Category 3/D 6000 ppm - Category 3/D 1.2e+004 p

17

12

7

2

3

8

13

18

-23

FlashFireErmeope

IMIPM ENOIN 11121 1.N 11111 111 II SI ill

I N M N N ONN NEN 111 1/1 11111 111111

III! 1111 mr_nm mr_nm nr-_m mnr-_m


CI

211





Rupture of methyl isobutyl ketone tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 8.39668 9.32917

10 12.70 7.40195 7.52075



Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



212





Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

6000 16.4018 19.0904

12000 9.02673 8.71023


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 63.7375 10 59.5156 10

0.1379 23.914 10 22.8208 10

0.2068 20.7663 10 19.9205 10

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



213





Study Folder: QRA -SOLVANTS Audit No: 9087 Model: Rupture of methyl isobutyl ketone tank Material: METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE Weathers - Category 1.5/F - Category 3!D

18.5

17.5

16.5

15.5

14.5

13.5

12.5

11.5

10.5

9.5

8.5

7.5

6.5

5.5

4.5

3.5


47

LE. .-11

LO

r-- LI) CO 41 0? LED 0 41 CO 0-1


Lf) LE;

ti

Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 9087 Model: Rupture of methyl isobutyl ketone tank Material: METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers


1

0.9

_ 0.8 'c.

.--). 0.7

0-)

0-)

2 = 01 0.5

8

0.6

t, 0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0 O


rA -1- LO CO 0 CA -7 LO CO 0 N CA CA

-7 CA

CO r-4

Distance

CO r-4

0 CO

CV CO

Downwind

-7 CO

LO CO

CO CO

(m)

0 -4

rJ -4'

-7 -7

LO -7

CO -z1-

0 4]

r..1 4]

-7 41

CO 47

CO 4]

0 LO

CV CO

-7 CO

214





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 9087 Model: Rupture of methyl isobutyl ketone tank Material: METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE Weathers - Category 1.5/F 6000 pprr - Category 1.5/F 1.2e+004

Category 3/D 6000 ppm - Category 3!D 1.2e+004 p

20

15

10

10

15

20

Flash Fire Envelope

,4111

111111

111F" CO CO


CO CO

215





Leak from Methylene dichloride tank: pool fire , Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 8.93261 8.98895

10 12.70 8.93261 8.98895



Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3







Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

79500 22.5976 16.7402

159000 8.45026 8.41835


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 38.572 20 26.7252 10

0.1379 24.8088 20 14.3306 10

0.2068 23.7209 20 13.3509 10

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



217





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 8654 Model: Leakage of methylene dichloride tank Material: DICHLOROMETHANE Weathers

13.7


12.7

11.7

10.7 N E - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/0 § 9.7

8.7

= 0 7.7 ..

03

03 6.7 ccw

5.7

4.7

3.7

2.7 O ,- r,, P) -1- CO LO r-- CO CO 0 ,- CV CO ,r CO CD r-- CO 65 0 %-

CV CV


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 8654 Model: Leakage of methylene dichloride tank Material: DICHLOROMETHANE Worst Cases @: 0.02066 bar Weathers


0.9

_ 0.8 'c.

.-1-). 0.7

01 0 ''3 0.6 01

= co 0.5 . 2 t 0.4

8 0.3

0.2

0.1


LI L mmMOMMI ===1111111Elmm = NIMME 1


218





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 6654 Model: Leakage of methylene dichloride tank Material: DICHLOROMETHANE Weathers - Category 1.5/F 7.65e-F00- - Category 1.5/F 1.59eA-00!

Category 3!D 7.95ed-004 - Category 3/0 1.59e+005

22

17

12

7

2

3

8

13

18

Flash Fire Enve ape

11.1111111111111111111 MI l& MI & MI M MI MI W =I IV 1111.11.. . Ay 23rn

CY F.1 0-7 w 1-n CO m w 1-n m m 1-fl w m m 1-fl

N CV


219

. 611 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor




Rupture of methylene dichloride tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 7.46294 7.59712

10 12.70 7.46294 7.59712



Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



220





Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

79500 45.4204 37.6477

159000 25.1476 23.6508


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 114.13 40 106.198 30

0.1379 59.1941 40 49.7295 30

0.2068 54.852 40 45.2663 30

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



221





Study Folder: O RA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 8654 Model: Rupture of methylene dichloride tank Material: DICHLOROMETHANE Weathers - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/0

13.3

12.3

11.3

10.3

9.3

8.3

7.3

6.3

5.3

4.3

3.3


CV Cr) LO r-- CO O CV Cr) L.0 LO r-- CO


Study Folder: O RA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 8654 Model: Rupture of methylene dichloride tank Material: DICHLOROMETHANE Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/D

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0 D


L11 D L11 D L11 O rx1 CO

D L.0 D L11 LO

D


L11 CO

DD L.0 DO L11 D L11 D rx1

222





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 6654 Model: Rupture of methylene dichloride tank Material: DICHLOROMETHANE Weathers - Category 1.5/F 7.95e+00. - Category 1.5/F 1.59e+00!

Category 3/D 7.95e-l004 - Category 3!D 1.59e+005

44

39

34

29

24

19

14

9

4

1

6

11

-16

21

26

31

36

41

46 co

Flash Fire Envelope

wa, PliM L.

V

LO -4- rn


-4- rn rn [,]

223





Leak from petroleum ether tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL



7m



follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 23.1614 27.4952

10 12.70 18.0555 20.9862

50 18.47 12.7805 14.3571

99 36.56 9.79568 10.0031

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



224





Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

6500 83.5701 74.8247

13000 64.7169 54.6307


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 269.437 80 185.545 70

0.1379 129.05 80 99.9174 70

0.2068 117.954 80 93.1494 70

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



225





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 8205 Model: Leakage of petroleum ether tank Material: Petroleum ether Weathers


45

40


F4' E § 30

25 w

_1

20 9 2 73 -a

03

m 15

10

5

Q0 CV ,r CD CO 0 CV ,r LO CO 0 CV ,r LO CO 0 CV ,r CD CO 0 el ,r CO CA CV CV CV CV M M M M M -4 -7 -4 -7


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 8205 Model: Leakage of petroleum ether tank Material: Petroleum ether Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/0

1

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0

Late Exp osion Overpressure vs Distance

CO ti CO CO Cn CO ti

CO CO 67


226

MM,MM,MM,MM,MM,MM,MM,MM,MM,MM,MM,MM,MM,O..7. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor




Study Folder: OPA- SOLVANTS Audit No: 6205 Model: Leakage of petroleum ether tank Material: Petroleum ether Weathers - Category 1.5/F 6500 ppm - Category 1.5/F 1.3e+004

Category 3/D 6600 ppm - Category 3!D 1.3e-+004 p

76

66

56

46

36

26

16

4

14

-24

34

44

54

64

74

84 oa CQ

Flash Fire Envelope

111111111Wwww iiiiu" 1411 11 MMUS Miiiiii01 EMT 10211Mi iiM1111 NMI eillNI IIIIII Iilih'IN FA ETANNMENNEMMENNEMENNEMENNENE 11 iE NI1 IN IIII 1 EI EN O NE EMI 2 111..21

1121111110111111111111M111111211 M ERIS EME IRL MMENNEMEMBE

ti ti 0-7 LO

61 0-7 a-) -7 67


227





Rupture of petroleum ether tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 20.7851 25.0277

10 12.70 15.6792 18.5187

50 18.47 10.4043 11.8896

99 36.56 7.41942 7.53558

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



228





Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

6500 108.524 110.266

13000 89.5767 83.4206


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 348.55 100 317.909 100

0.1379 164.356 100 145.901 100

0.2068 149.797 100 134.743 100

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



229





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 8205 Model: Rupture of petroleum ether tank Material: Petroleum ether Weathers


45

40


F4' E § 30

w 25

_1

9 20

-a 03

a 15

10

5

0 O rA -1- LC, CO 0 C+I -7 LC, CO 0 C-.4 -7 LO CO 0 CV -7 LO CO 0 CV CA k-,1 r-.1 C-4 C,1 CO CO CO CO CO -7 -4


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 8205 Model: Rupture of petroleum ether tank Material: Petroleum ether Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/D

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0


LO CO LO 0 0 CO 0


CO

230




MIEMM:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1i- Almelo Pvt Ltd Unit - H. HARA Report

Study Folder: OPA- SOLVANTS Audit No: 6205 Model: Rupture of petroleum ether tank Material: Petroleum ether Weathers - Category 1.5 /F 6500 ppm - Category 1.5 /F 1.3e+004

Category 3/D 6600 ppm - Category 3!D 1.3e-+004 p

120

100

80

60

40

20

20

40

60

80

-100

Flash Fire Envelope

AdEKIIIIIMMEIMMENh AMOSEMENNEMENNEENEk

ANOMMENNEMENNEMENNEENk ItIMMENNEMENNEMENNEffEl IMEEMNEE N NIIMI MENNEMEMENNEMENNEMONF 1EM OSI

INISOMINMENIONINIP '41111111111111111111111PP'

-120 D CV

D D o D D D o D D D o D D D D o o D D o o D D o Cl D co ti Lc. cr) CY CV cr) Lc, r--- co C) O CV


231 1UN PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor




Leak from propanol tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 24.6081 26.4128

10 12.70 21.6385 23.8011

50 18.47 17.4487 19.9626

99 36.56 10.3733 11.2318

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



232





Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

10000 25.5318 26.3884

20000 18.1445 17.4522


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 59.554 20 49.1299 20

0.1379 30.2415 20 27.5425 20

0.2068 27.9247 20 25.8362 20

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



233





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Leakage of Propanol tank Material: ISOPROPANOL Weathers

F`l E

§ .T1.)

.1 -,

9 rd

73 cc


70

65

60


1

50

45

40

36

3 30

25

20

15

10

6 --------2=="-ftb..rm- 0 0 r`.4 -7 CD CO 0 r`.4 -zr CO CO 0 r`.4 -1- CD

CA CA CA CA CO CA CO


CV -1- CD CO CO CO

Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Leakage of Propanol tank Material: ISOPROPANOL Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers


1

0.9

0.8 _ 'c

0.7 - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/D .-1-). 0-) .

0.6 0-)

2 =

0.5 01 . 2 t, 0.4

o>

0.3

0.2

0.1 - 0 D el -1- CD CO 0 CA -7 CD CO 0 CA -7 LO CO 0 CA -7 LO CO 0 CA -7 LO CO 0 CA -7 LO CO 0

CA CA CA CA CA CO CO k-0 CO CO t t -7 -7 t I-D LD (0 In LO3 CD


234





Study Folder: OPA- SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Leakage of Propanol tank Material: ISOPROPANOL Weathers - Category 1.5/F 1 e+004 p - Category 1.5/F 2e-F004 p

Category 3/D 1e+004 ppr - Category 3!D 2e+004 ppr

23

18

Flash Fire Envelope

lil 11111111h

13 11111P.P.gliiii111 8_ NIN NUM

12 111 -7- 2

111 17 111111kWIPIIIIIW

41111111 --------- IPPP' 22

27 CY

c IZ CO IZ


IZ IZ N- CY CV





Sc # 1 Rupture of propanol tank : pool fire , Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 22.5134 24.3128

10 12.70 19.5438 21.7012

50 18.47 15.3539 17.8626

99 36.56 8.27851 9.1319

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



236

II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II 111111 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor




Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

10000 23.3205 26.512

20000 14.528 14.2424


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 82.5682 10 79.6864 10

0.1379 34.5399 10 31.0826 10

0.2068 31.2506 10 28.5755 10

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



237




II 1M 1M 1M III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III 1M 1M 1M 4


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Rupture of Propanol tank Material: ISOPROPANOL Weathers


70

65

60

56

F`l 50 E

§ 45

.T1.) 40

.1 -, 35

3 03

30

73 25 cc

20

15

10

6


0 . ,- ,-.,, , , 41 LO N- CO a) 0 %- CV CO -1- LEI LO M1- CO 61 0 ,- r.4 CO ',1" 41 LO N- CO 61 0 %- CA CO -1- N CA r-4 C,1 CV C,1 C-.1 r-4 C-.1 ,--4 mmromm Distance Downwind (m)

Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Rupture of Propanol tank Material: ISOPROPANOL Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/D

1

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0


LEI 0 LP 0 40 CO CO


In LO ID CO

238





Study Folder: OPA- SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Rupture of Propanol tank Material: ISOPROPANOL Weathers - Category 1.5/F 1 e+004 p - Category 1.5/F 2e-F004 p

Category 3/D 1e+004 ppr - Category 3!D 2e+004 ppr

23

18

13

Flash Fire Envelope

8- 3-

-2-

-7 - 12

17

22

27 CV kxi

0-) I-- IZ 6, rk IZ CO IZ rk 6,


IZ 6, IZ CV CV

239





Leak from pyridine tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 27.4682 28.8679

10 12.70 24.2876 26.09

50 18.47 19.9754 22.2676

99 36.56 12.4929 13.93

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



240





Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

9000 12.1133 17.6607

18000 4.47611 10.6677


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 16.5168 10 28.1944 10

0.1379 11.6874 10 14.711 10

0.2068 11.3056 10 13.6452 10

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



241




M3M3M3M3M3M3M3M3M3M3M3M3M3M3M3M3M3M3M3M3M3M3M3M3M3M3M3M3M3M3M3M


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 8654 Model: Leakage of pyridine tank Material: PYRIDINE Weathers


90

80


'r7 E § 60

w 50

_1

40 9 4 -rd -a

[O

a 30

20

10

0 . , t LO CO 0 CV 'I' LO CO 0 CV zr CD CO 0 CA -zr CD CO 0 C-.1 C-.1 C-.1 CV CV CO CO CO CO CO -4


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 8654 Model: Leakage of pyridine tank Material: PYRIDINE Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers


1

0.9

- 0.8

_m

.-1-). 0.7

D . I a-, 0.6 2 01 0.5 . t 0.4

8

2

0.3

0.2

0.1

a .

( I

I - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/D

JL co m o - el CO -zr 1-1-1 CD r--


co o-) o CV C-.1

CV CV co CA

zr CV

0-) CV

- CV CO -zr 40 CD r-- I-0 C-.1

LO CV

r-- CA

co C-.1

242

I PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor




Study Folder: OPA- SOLVANTS Audit No: 6654 Model: Leakage of pyridine tank Material: PYRIDINE Weathers - Category 1.5/F 9000 ppm - Category 1.5 /F 1.8e+004

Category 3/D 9000 ppm - Category 3!D 1 Bed-004 p

18

16

14

12

10

8

6

Flash Fire Envelope

4 - 2

0

-2

-4 - -6 - 8

10

12

14

16

18 on

mom= =now= rArAmmmip-_

M EINIMPIPEM mEommmii-- 1-1===w4rA =min= mmpraci.


w co

243




MMMMMMMMMUMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM.Mlf' Almelo Pvt Ltd Unit - H. HARA Report

Rupture of pyridine tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 25.6723 27.1905

10 12.70 22.4918 24.4126

50 18.47 18.1795 20.5903

99 36.56 10.697 12.2526

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



244

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Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

9000 11.9201 13.1821

18000 5.22795 5.16537


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 38.0849 10 29.53 10

0.1379 17.2719 10 15.0568 10

0.2068 15.6268 10 13.9128 10

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



245




II 1M 1M 1M III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 8654 Model: Rupture of pyridine tank Material: PYRIDINE Weathers


1\11111\,

90

80


-r7 E § 60

cu 50

_1

0 9 4 rd

-a 03

a 30

20

10

0 0 CV -1- LO CO 0 CV zr LO CO 0 CV -zr LO CO 0 CV ,r LO CA CV CA CV CA M M M

CO M


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 8654 Model: Rupture of pyridine tank Material: PYRIDINE Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers

1.1

1

0.9

- 0.8 'c

-1-). 0.7

DI . m 0.6 D I

2 = 01 0.5

0.4

8 0.3

0.2

0.1

0 o

Late Explosion Overpressure vs Di stance

r


) - k-,4 -zr CD CO 0 CA -1- CD CO 0 CV ,I' CD CO 0 CV -1- LO CO

CV CV CV CV CA M M CO


246




II I


Study Folder: OPA- SOLVANTS Audit No: 6654 Model: Rupture of pyridine tank Material: PYRIDINE Weathers - Category 1.5/F 9000 pprr - Category 1.5/F 1.8e+004


14

12

10

8

6

4

2

0

Flash Fire Envelope

-2- 4

6

-8

N C7 67 DD N- IN LU V LU LO rz CO 0-7 0


CI CO -4

247

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Leak from tetrahydrofuran tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 10.7579 11.7477

10 12.70 9.25981 9.29675

50 18.47 9.25981 9.29675


Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



248





Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

10000 39.7221 36.4754

20000 30.3931 25.881


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 115.903 30 87.1223 30

0.1379 52.2424 30 44.7904 30

0.2068 47.2107 30 41.4445 30

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



249




II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II I


Study Folder: OPA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 12122 Model: Leakage of tetrahydrofuran tank Material: TETPAHYDPOFURAN Weathers


19

18

17

16

15 F., - Category 1.5.1F - Category 3/D

E 14

§. 13

12 ri) 1 11

_1

10 s

713 9 c., g is

7

6

6

4

3

2 -----------,_

.=. - r.., m -zr LE) Lo r-- co 0-) .=. - CV CO -1- W CO 1--- CO 0-) CI ./- (N CO ',I- L.0 LEI r-- CO 0? 0 ./- CA Cc) CA CA r CA CA r CA r rl rAmmmm


Study Folder: OPA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 12122 Model: Leakage of tetrahydrofuran tank Material: TETPAHYDIROFURAN Weathers

E i - r:u

.1.) _1

g

7, '-E

a 03


19

18

17

1

16


14

13

12

11

10

9

6

7

6

6

4

3

2 ,=, - Cpl m -1- Lc) LO r-- CO 0? 0 .,- CA CO -1- W CO 1--- CO 0-) D ./- r.-1 CO ',I- L.0 LEI r-- CO 0? 0 ./- CA Cc)

CV CA CV CA CA CV CA r CV CA CO CO CO CO


250

II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II 11.11M PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor



it

II 1M 1M 1M III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 12122 Model: Leakage of tetrahydrofuran tank Material: TETRAHYDROFURAN Weathers - Category 1.5 /F 1 e+004 p - Category 1.5/F 2e+004 p

Category 3!D 1e+004 ppr - Category 3/0 2e+004 ppr

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

-5

-10

15

20

25

30

-35

40

Flash Fire Enve ape

=MN!

F r

MEM

MATill======11111611M rAVII========ILIM ==========MM MiNIMMMMMMMMMMIMM MM1============ ==========WAM ME11========lrAFA MiniEll======l1PMEIM

MEM

1111111111.

- =MM."


LEI

251

.IN PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor




Rupture of tetrahydrofuran tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 8.88844 9.95138

10 12.70 7.39035 7.50039

50 18.47 7.39035 7.50039


Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



252





Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

10000 44.8717 47.2388

20000 34.2044 32.2257


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 150.561 40 139.199 20

0.1379 68.6271 40 60.1873 20

0.2068 62.151 40 55.6205 20

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



253




it



Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 12122 Model: Rupture of tetrahydrofuran tank Material: TETRAHYDROFURAN Weathers

19.5


18.5

17.5

16.5

15.5

14.5 - Category 1.5/F - Category 3ID

.c

E 13.5 §-

12.5 7)

11.5 _1

0 -,t 9.5

8.5 is10.5 03

7.5

6.5

5.5

4.5

3.5

2.5 O - r.-, k.-,) ..1- C) CO r--- CO 0-) 0 .,- CA C.i ',1- 0) CO 1--- CO C) 0 ,- C.-1 LY) -zr Ls) C) r-- CO 0-)

CV n-1 CI CA r-.1 n-1 CA CA CV


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 12122 Model: Rupture of tetrahydrofuran tank Material: TETRAHYDROFURAN Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers

1.1

1

0.9

- 0.8 'c.To

_. 0.7

CD

0) = ,.,, 6 0-) .

= co 0.5 C0

'2

cu 0.4

O 0.3

0.2

0.1

0 oLoomomomoizomaizoLnomomolzomaizoLnolzomo


- Category 1.5/F - Category 3/0

,--

,- ,- CV CV in in ,i- ..1- CD CD CD LO 1--- r-- CO CO 0-1 07 0 0 -,- -,- CA C,I CO CO ,r -zr LP LO CO


254




is



Study Folder: QRA- SOLVANTS Audit No: 12122 Model: Rupture of tetrahydrofuran tank Material: TETRAHYDROFURAN Weathers - Category 1.5/F 1 e+004 p - Category 1.5 /F 2e+004 p

Category 3!D 1ed-1304 ppr - Category 3/0 2e+004 ppr

47

42

37

32

27

22

17

Flash Fire Envelope

12- 7

2 - -3 - -8 -

-13 - 18

-23

28

33

38

43

-48co CO CO CO CV r---


255

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MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMI[' Almelo Pvt Ltd Unit - H. HARA Report

Leak from toluene tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 22.1463 26.0409

10 12.70 17.6126 20.4017

50 18.47 12.337 13.7732

99 36.56 9.3489 9.37164

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



256





Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

6000 24.487 24.8934

12000 17.2852 16.7777


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 61.861 20 51.2446 20

0.1379 30.8389 20 28.09 20

0.2068 28.3869 20 26.2599 20

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



257




:N3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f: ''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Almelo Pvt Ltd Unit - H. HARA Report

Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4068 Model: Leakage of toluene tank Material: TOLUENE Weathers


45

40


'r71 E § 30

w 25

_1

20 9 -a

03

a 15

10

5

0 o rA -1- Lc. CO 0 CV -7 CD CO 0 CV -7 LO CO 0 C-

-7 LO CO CA CV CA CV CA CO CO CO CO CO


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4068 Model: Leakage of toluene tank Material: TOLUENE Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers


1

0.9

_ 0.8 'c

_m

.-1-). 0.7

0-) . a-, -) 0.6 2 = co 0.5 . 2

0.4

8 0.3

0.2

0.1

1


0 o rA -1- Lc. CO 0 CV -7 CD CO 0 CV -7 LO CO 0 C-.4 -7 LO CO 0 C+I -7 CD CO 0 CA -7 CD CO 0 CV CV CV CV CV C-.1 CO CO CO CO CO -,1- -7 -7 -,1- -z1- 414147 Ln 41 LO LO


258




II"


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4066 Model: Leakage of toluene tank Material: TOLUENE Weathers - Category 1.5/F 6000 pprr - Category 1.5/F 1.2e+004


Flash Fire Envelope


259

II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II.1111 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor



MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMI[' Almelo Pvt Ltd Unit - H. HARA Report

Rupture of toluene tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 20.1872 24.1944

10 12.70 15.6535 18.5552

50 18.47 10.3779 11.9268

99 36.56 7.3898 7.52519

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



260





Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

6000 21.5889 22.8675

12000 13.361 13.1862


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 78.0208 10 78.2138 10

0.1379 31.4714 10 27.6622 10

0.2068 28.8763 10 25.7985 10

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



261





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4068 Model: Rupture of toluene tank Material: TOLUENE Weathers


45

40


'r7 E § 30

w 25

_1

9 20

-a 03

a 15

10

5

0 D el ,i- co co D r.,, -1- LO CO 0 CV -4 LO CA C,1 C,1 r-4

CO k--.1 CO


CO 1 -4 CD

CO CO

Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4068 Model: Rupture of toluene tank Material: TOLUENE Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/D

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0


N m C7 V


LO LO ti

262





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4066 Model: Rupture of toluene tank Material: TOLUENE Weathers - Category 1.5/F 6000 ppm - Category 1.5/F 1.2e+004

Category 3/D 6000 ppm - Category 3!D 1.2e+004 p

22

17

12

2

Flash Fire Envelope

,411111111M111111.116. A11111111111111111113111L

1111121111111111101111 11111111111111111111111 111101111111111101111'

'N111111111111111.' ---memmomiloww-

23 rn M M


M LU w rn M N CV

263




MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMI[' Almelo Pvt Ltd Unit - H. HARA Report

Leak from triethylamine tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 22.5434 26.8054

10 12.70 17.7626 20.7193

50 18.47 12.5541 14.0056

99 36.56 9.51365 9.63977

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



264





Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

6000 34.0829 34.6323

12000 25.524 24.6852


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 104.276 30 82.3647 30

0.1379 49.2318 30 43.5585 30

0.2068 44.8812 30 40.4913 30

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



265





Sc # 2 Rupture of triethylamine tank : pool fire , Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 20.4097 24.6569

10 12.70 15.6289 18.5708

50 18.47 10.4204 11.8571

99 36.56 7.37992 7.49128

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3







Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

6000 34.0898 36.6357

12000 25.4011 24.0616


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 117.769 30 111.05 20

0.1379 52.7256 30 45.975 20

0.2068 47.5845 30 42.3611 20

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



267





Leak from vinyl acetate tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 26.1779 28.9445

10 12.70 22.4658 25.5673

50 18.47 17.1073 19.7437

99 36.56 9.79741 10.4086

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



268





Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

13000 30.1794 28.5765

26000 22.51 20.2546


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 92.493 30 62.6856 20

0.1379 46.181 30 31.0524 20

0.2068 42.5205 30 28.5521 20

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



269




1M 1M A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M A A A A A A A A A A 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Leakage of Vinyl Acetate tank Material: VINYL ACETATE Weathers


65

60

56


50

E 46

40 .T1.)

36 _1

o ...

30 03

.-a 26 03

cc 20

15

10

6

0 0 CV -1- CO CO 0 CV -1- CO CO 0 CV -zr CD CO 0 CA -zr CD CO 0 CA CA CA CI CI CO CO CO CO CO -4


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Leakage of Vinyl Acetate tank Material: VINYL ACETATE Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/D

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0

Late Explosion Overpressure vs Di stance

(

1-1-1 0 40 0 LI) 0 Ln 0 V 0 1-11

C,1 CV CO CO -7


LO LE) LEI

CO CO D 0-7

270




II 1M 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 111 111 111 4


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Leakage of Vinyl Acetate tank Material: VINYL ACETATE Weathers - Category 1.5/F 1.3e-E004 - Category 1.5/F 2.6ed-004

Category 3/0 1.3e+004 p - Category 3/D 2.6e+004 p

29

24

19

14

9

4

11

16

21

26

31 - - rn r_ Ln m - rn w m m L.n - h- c,)

Flash Fire Envelope

-..."111111111 11

I I L

,4i AIM M11111111101.... -....000111111111


0-7 m In rk 0-7 N r".1 N N rq rn

271





Rupture of vinyl acetate tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 24.249 27.1323

10 12.70 20.5369 23.7551

50 18.47 15.1784 17.9314

99 36.56 7.86851 8.59634

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



272





Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

13000 42.7599 40.9924

26000 30.0114 26.4748


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 140.445 30 134.106 20

0.1379 63.9364 30 54.8697 20

0.2068 58.5215 30 49.2436 20

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



273





Study Folder: Q RA -SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Rupture of Vinyl Acetate tank Material: VINYL ACETATE Weathers - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/0

70

65

60

55

50

45

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

6

0


CV LO CO 0 CV ,1" CD CO 0 CV N


LO CO m

LO CO

Study Folder: O RA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Rupture of Vinyl Acetate tank Material: VINYL ACETATE Worst Cases @: 0.02068 bar Weathers - Category 1.5/F - Category 3/0

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

00 40 o Lf1 o Ln 0 40 0 Ln 0 40 0 1-11 o Ln 0 40 o Lf) o Ln o Lf) o Ln 0 40 o Lf) N C,1 CO CO v v 41 47 LO LO N- CO CO 67 67 0 0 C'.1 CO CO -7



274




15


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4266 Model: Rupture of Vinyl Acetate tank Material: VINYL ACETATE Weathers - Category 1.5/F 1.3e+004 - Category 1.5/F 2.6e-E004


42

37

32

27

22

17

12

7

2

3

8

-13

18

-23

28

33

-38

43m

Flash Fire Envelope

===PP"-- -."14.1MM =MP" -141.M

V

N-


N- Cr )

N

275





Leak from xylene tank: pool fire, Explosion, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 22.0509 25.7466

10 12.70 17.672 20.4447

50 18.47 12.3945 13.7595

99 36.56 9.41393 9.40494

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3



276





Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

5500 7.42544 10.3696

11000 2.71882 2.65153


Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 13.3953 10 13.3953 10

0.1379 10.8791 10 10.8791 10

0.2068 10.6802 10 10.6802 10

Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



277





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4068 Model: Leakage of Xylene tank Material: M-XYLENE Weathers


45

40


'r7 E § 30

w 25

_1

20 9 .-a

03

cc 15

10

6

oo rA -1- CO CO 0 CV ',I- CO CO Co CV zr CD CO Co

(N 1' CD CO

CA CV CA CV k-.1 CO CO CO CO CO


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4068 Worst Cases @: Weathers - Worst Case @0.1379 bai

1

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1


0 o (1) .1" (1) Co Co LO Co CO Co CO Co C7 Co (fl N Co (fl .1" LO CO


278




F


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4066 Model: Leakage of Xylene tank Material: M-XYLENE Weathers - Category 1.5/F 5500 ppm - Category 1.5/F 1 le-E004

Category 3/D 5500 ppm - Category 3!D 1 1ed-004 p

11

11

Flash Fire Envelope

Milr'1111 ITEM 111

III MEMO MEM

0 07 CO CO in w


LO CO 67 .0

279





Rupture of xylene tank: pool fire, Flash fire

Parameters



Capacity 30 KL





follows:

Pool Fire Model


(kW/m2)

Effect Distance (m)

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)


1 9.33 20.0428 23.868

10 12.70 15.6639 18.5661

50 18.47 10.3864 11.8808

99 36.56 7.40585 7.52632

Probability

Base Frequency



4.3E-04 per year

0.3







Flash Fire/ VCE

Parameters

Temperature

Pressure

Capacity

Flash Fire Model

Atmospheric

Atmospheric

30 KL

HARA Report


F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

5500 7.76824 8.17247 11000 3.91326 3.99465

Vapour Cloud Explosion Model:

Damage

Type

F (1.5 m/s) D (3 m/s)

Effect

Distance(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

Effect Distance

(m)

Ignition Centre

(m)

0.02068 No hazard - No hazard -



Probability

Base Frequency




0.3



281





Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4068 Model: Rupture of xylene tank Material: M-XYLENE Weathers


45

40


-r7 E § 30

a.) 25

_i

9 20

-a 03

cc 15

10

5

0 r.,, -1- co co o r`.4 zr LO CO 0 r..1 ',I' LC, CO 0 C-.4 I' LC,

r-1 r-4 C,1 CV r-1 CO CO CO CO


Study Folder: ORA-SOLVANTS Audit No: 4068 Model: Rupture of xylene tank Material: M-XYLENE Weathers - Category 1.5 /F 5500 ppm - Category 1.5/F 1 le-E004

Category 3/D 5500 ppm - Category 3!D 1 1ed-004 p

Flash Fire Envelope

7.8

6.8

5.8

4.8

3.8

2.8

1.8 - 0.8-

-0.2

-1.2-

-2.2

-3.2

4.2

-5.2

6.2

7.2

8.2 N r--- N r--- N r--- N M1 CV n r--- N r--- N m co m CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO

CO r-;- ti LO LC, LO -1- -1- m [r] =, C. 0 0 N r".1 M V V 47 LO C.4 LO r---


282





ANNEXURE - WIND ROSE DIAGRAM

HARA Report

.41iliuhRY

Ut.61,1.1PET It tvi

rtURUMRY MARCH

APRIL

.11)1.Y

OCTOBER

P1 l'ont (swot of ebutronliecis

C - *mint of calm as petcentag of

Isa MO!

- - FREQUENCY CPERCENri r-t

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 TO 00 90 CO

ocuotER

SPEW INe./14,1

14 4.11 iif0 20.11 n139.49 49

M.MMIEMMINMIM

283

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BlO DATA OF EXPERTS

Name Madan Gavane

Address

Date of birth :

404, the Legend. E-mail: [email protected]

2-2-11/1, D.D.Colony Phone No: 040-2742 8205

Hyderabad-500 007 Mobile: 09849170493

18th June 1953 Passport No: E 6717407

Qualification : M.Tech. (Chemical Engineering) from UDCT Bombay

MBA (Safety Management) form AMU, Chennai

Positions Held:

ANN EXURE

Consulting HSE Engineer: July 2007 till date

Consultant: M/s chem. Design Company, Chilworth Global, SGS, in the

field of safety Engineering, Safety Audit, Risk Analysis, Hazop study

Consulting HSE Engineer: July 2002 to June 2007

Employer: Chem Design Company, A consultancy organization in the field

of safety engineering, Audit, Risk Analysis, Hazop studies

Technical Advisor (HSE) Dec 1992 to June 2002

Employer: General Company for Chemical Industries, Libya, a

Petrochemical Company.

UNIDO (HSE) Expert Dec 1985 to Dec 1992

Employer: United Nations Industrial Development Organization,

Vienna, Austria, an UN Organization

Sr. Chemical Engineer April 1979 to Dec 1985

Employer: Standard Alkali, Bombay, a Mafatlal Group company

Development Engineer June 1978 to April 1979

Employer: Hindustan Lever, Bombay, a Unilever Group

284




II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II III


Experience : Over 30 years in Oil and Gas, Petroleum and

Petrochemicals Industries Chemicals & Pharmaceutical in following

departments

Safety : HAZID, HAZOP, QRA, Process Safety, Safety-

Audit, Safety Training

Projects : Planning, Engineering, Procurement, Construction,

Erection and commissioning

Production : Planning, Maintaining Process parameters for

meeting Quantity & Quality of products Experience in operation of most

of the chemical equipments like reactors, distillation, absorption columns,

crystallizers and driers etc

Technical Services : Trouble Shooting, Process modifications, Energy

Conservation, Pollution Control etc

Global Experience : Visited USA, UK, Germany, Switzerland, Italy,

Netherlands Austria, UAE, Saudi Arabia, Bangladesh for various

Assignments and conferences

Details of experience:

From July 2007 till date working as Consulting process Safety-Engineer with Ws Chilworth

Global UK, SGS Switzerland, Chem Design Co, India in the field of Process Safety

Did HAZOP, Studies, Qualitative Risk Analysis, Safety Audit, Process Safety Management

Reports for the following Major Industries

Cairn Energy , Oil fields at Krishna Godavari Basin

Hindustan Petroleum Refinery, Vishakhapatnam

Kurnapuli Fertilizer , Bangladesh

Bihar Caustic & Chemicals, Jharkhand

Bharat Petroleum Refinary, Kochi

Indian Oil Corporation , Mathura

Gujrat Gas Natural Gas Pipe line

Technip, for HAZOP of CCR unit of refinery

Vedanta Aluminum, Smelter nad Power plant

Torrent Energy Gas based combined power plant

285

II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II 'ii. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor



II II II II II I11111111111111111111111111111111111111111 II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II 1111111111111111111111 II II II II II II II II II II II II II.


Apart from the above many small projects of training, safety audits of many pharmaceutical and

fine chemical industries were carried out

From July 2003 till June 2007 worked as Consulting HSE-Engineer for Chem Design Company,

Hyderabad

Did HAZOP, Studies, Qualitative Risk Analysis, Safety Audit, Process Safety Management Reports

for the following Major Industries

Cormandal fertilizers- Vishakpatnam

Godavri fertilizers - Kakinada

Nagarjuna Fertilezers-Kakinad

GMR' Power project- Rajmundry

Alkali Metals, Two Units ,Hyderabad

IOCL, LPG facilities and Bottling Hyderabad

Arch Pharma , Hyderabad

Ashian Herbex, Hyderabad

Hetero Drugs Pvt Ltd

From Dec 1992 till June 2003 worked as Technical Advisor for General Company for Chemical

Industries (GCCI), Libya. GCCI is a state owned Petrochemical company of Libya, overall in

charge of Technical Dept and HSE

1- Did process modifications and trouble shooting in the following plants and was

responsible for the Process safety

Table Salt plant - 360 TPD by Evaporative crystallization Messo Technology

Caustic-chlorine plant: 150 TPD UHDE -Germany Technology plant

EDC-VCM plant: 60,00TPY UHDE -Germany Technology plant

PVC Plant: 60,.000 TPY Vestolit-Germany Technology plant

Utilities plants like Sea water Desalination, Steam Generation, Nitrogen etc

2- Did basic engineering, procurement, construction and commissioning of the following

plants and was responsible for HSE during the construction and commissioning stage

286

i1 31 II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II IIIN PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressorPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor




Liquid caustic soda export by ship from GCCI's Jetty by laying pipe line storages and

pumping station. Contractor : Salzgitter, Germany

Sulphuric acid concentration plant for concentrating 78% sulphuric acid to 98% in

multiple effect evaporators. Contractor: Plinke , Germany.

Granulation plant for the production of PVC granules 30 TPD Contractor : Refienhauser ,

Germany

Industrial and drinking water plant by Reverse Osmosis 100 cubic meter per hour.

Contractor: Uniha . Austria.

New compressed Air station for Instrument and service Air 6000 Nm3 per hour.

Contractor : Atlas capco

Extension of Boiler House by installation of new boiler of 20 TPH. Contractor: Standard

Kessel. Germany

Air separation for the production of 500Nm3 per hour Nitrogen. Contractor; KTI,

Netherlands

Cooling water treatment for treatment of 7000 Nm3 per hour by adding suitable

inhibitors. Contractor: NALCO , Italy

Modification of Ethylene di Chloride storage & EDC cracking furnace for doing external

evaporation. Contractor : Krupp Uhde , Germany

Installation of two 5000 Nm3 fuel oil storages Contracto: Montubi, Italy

Installation of 8000 Nm3 Ethylene Storage double wall tank with opt temp - 104°C

From Dec 1985 till Dec 1992 Worked as UNIDO-HSE expert in United Nations Industrial

Organization, Austria, for the Safety of Libya's Petroleum, Petrochemical, Fertilizer and

Industrial Gases Industries.

Did HAZOP, Studies, Qualitative Risk Analysis, Safety Audit, Process Safety Management Reports

for the following Libyan Industries

Azawia Oil Refinary , Azawia

NAPTCO Oil and Fertilizer company, Bengazi

General company for chemical Industries , Petrochemical company, Abukamash

RASCO, Petroleum and Petrochemical company, Raslanuf

General Company for Industrial Gases, Zanzur

287




fr Almelo Pvt Ltd Unit - II. HARA Report

From April 1979 till Dec 1985 worked as a Sr. Chemical Engineer in Production and Technical

Services with M/s Standard Industries. Standard Industries is involved in production of Caustic

Soda, Chlorine, and chlorine derivatives such as Carbon tetra chloride, ethyl chloride and

Chloroform.

Modifications, design and execution for the improving quantity & quality of Products

Handling of the new projects by doing basic engineering.

Preparation of tender documents for the new projects.

Improvement in Safety, health and Environment by suggesting new techniques.

Follow up with operation and maintenance of the plants

From June 1978 till April 1979 Worked as research Assistant for Hindustan Lever on a project for

the design of distillation column

Assisting design work

Follow-up Fabrication of the distillation column

Installation of the column

Trial run on the column and results

288




.


Service Expert No - 2:

Name Thirumalaprasad Elishala

Address H. No -5-5-833, E-mail :[email protected]

Chinthalkuta Check post Phone No : 040-2402 7890

L.B.Nagar, Hyd -500 074 Mobile : 091600 95544

Date of birth : 23rd June 1983 Passport No :

Qualification : B. Tech. (Chemical Engineering) from JNTU Hyderabad

PG Diploma (Safety Management) form AMU, Chennai

Computer Knowledge:

Packages Ms Office, C, C++, Oracle 10g,

Languages Fox Pro, UNIX

Operating System Windows 98 / XP / 2000 / Vista / Windows7.

Details of Employment:

Organization Chem Design Company Pvt ltd,

Place Hyderabad

Period 2008 September to till now.

Nature of work:

Preparation of Safety Audit Reports,

Preparation of QRA,

Preparation of HARA Report,

Participation & Preparation of HAZOP Report.

Preparation of Onsite emergency plan

Internet browsing, E-mail.

Data Collection during preparation of Reports.

PLACE : Hyderabad

DATE (THIRUMALAPRASAD ELISHALA)

289




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