Rise of the World Power

What is foreign policy?

For what reasons did the United States acquire territories such as Florida, Louisiana and Texas?

Did these territories have political, social or economic reasons to be acquired? What were they?

Why would the United States want to acquire lands outside the borders of the continental United States?

Foreign Policy

1890 – Spain’s empire was Cuba, the

Philippines, Puerto Rico, and some smaller islands

Most Cubans were poor peasants and laborers

US raised tariff on foreign sugar Cuban exiles returned home and declared

Cuba independent from Spain Spain went to crush the rebellion

Spanish-American War

Spain’s treatment of the Cubans led to

concerns in the US Yellow journalism helped fueled concerns by

over sensationalizing what was happening in Cuba

Americans wanted to protect their investments in Cuba

Spanish-American War

1898 – De Lome letter

Spanish ambassador called President McKinley “weak”

Shortly afterwards, USS Maine sent to Cuba to protect Americans Sunk by an explosion that killed 258 US

sailors an injured many others Cause remains unknown but newspapers

blamed the Spanish

Spanish-American War

US angry, and Spain promised to halt fighting

but not give Cubans independence War fought on 2 fronts – Pacific and Caribbean US went to Philippines to help Filipinos rebels

against Spain Theodore Roosevelt and the Rough Riders

defeat the Spanish in San Juan Hill in Cuba Within four months, Spain was defeated US was in occupation of Philippines, Cuba,

Puerto Rico, and Guam

Spanish-American War

Spanish-American

War The Spanish-American

War became a turning point for the US

In your table groups, use your textbook and devices to research the causes and effects of the Spanish-American War

You will have 20 minutes.

Think about European imperialism from last

year in world history Write a one page comparison between why

the US started its imperialistic pursuits and why Europe started its own and how both were similar and different in their approaches.

Spanish-American War – Pre-AP

What events prompted Americans to become vocal about U.S.

involvement in Cuba? (The De Lome letter called McKinley weak which angered

Americans. The U.S.S. Maine was sent to Cuba to protect American lives and property, but was sunk. Yellow journalism sensationalized the news about Cuba which caused Americans to become concerned about investments and trade in Cuba.)

Would the actions of the U.S. be considered isolationist? Why or why not? (The U.S. involvement in the Spanish American war are not

considered isolationist in that the U.S. became directly involved in the affairs of a European country, Spain, by engaging in conflict.)

Spanish-American War

American Imperialism After the Spanish-American War, the US

started to take colonies like Europe.

Look at the Imperialism Quotes. Read the quotes and summarize the arguments for and against imperialism on Geography of American Expansionism

Draw a map of America’s colonial empire below. Use callout boxes to explain reasons for and against keeping the colonies of Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico, Hawaii, Samoa, and Midway. Do the best you can. You are not graded on artistic merit.

You will have 30 minutes.

What are the advantages of keeping the colonies?

U.S. influence spreads through the Pacific; new markets open for American industry; U.S. more able to spread democracy across the world; America can protect trade with naval stations around the world, etc.

What are the disadvantages to keeping the colonies? colonies revolt against American control; violates

American principles of self-government and popular sovereignty, etc.

American Imperialism

For each person, event, or policy on the list,

answer the question: “How did this event, person, or policy move the United States into a position of world power?”

Draw a small picture underneath it

Power Position Cards

World War I

In your table groups, get out one piece of paper The first person will have 1 minute to write

everything they know about World War I Pass it right, and you will have 30 seconds to

add to it Pass it right, and you will have 30 seconds to

add to it Pass it right, and you will have 30 seconds to

add to it

World War I

What were the underlying causes of WWI?

Nationalism, Imperialism, Militarism, and Alliance System

What was the spark that caused WWI? Assassination of Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand,

1914 Who fought in it?

The Allies and the Central Powers Allies: France, Great Britain Central: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman

Empire

World War I

What kind of warfare was it?

Trench warfare Two Fronts – Western Front (France) and

Eastern Front (Russia) Where was the US?

We were attempting to follow the traditional American policy of neutrality Wilson promised during re-election to stay out of

the war

World War I

So why did the US become involved?

Closer ties to the Allies German actions and Allied propaganda Zimmerman Telegram

Secret message from the German Foreign minister to Mexico promising to return US territories to Mexico if Mexico would help Germany fight the US

Freedom of the Seas

World War I

Freedom of the Seas?

Germany started a policy of unrestricted submarine warfare The British blockade stopped arms and foods from being

shipped to Germany and the US became the Allies main supplier.

The Lusitania was a British passenger ship sank by the Germans. It killed more than 1,000 passengers, including 128 Americans Americans were obviously angry

Sussex Pledge French ship that provided ferry service on the English channel

that was sank by a German submarine killing 50 passengers Wilson threatened to cut off relations and Germany

promised to stop sinking ocean liners without prior warning

WWI

Freedom of the Seas?

Near starvation, Germany announced that would sink all ships in the blockaded areas – unrestricted submarine warfare

Violated the idea of “freedom of the seas” – the right of neutral nations (like the US) to ship non-military goods to nations at war

German submarines attacked American merchant vessels and Wilson asked Congress to declare war on Germany

World War I

With a partner, you will work to give a

summary of each event from World War I You will give a date for the event If it was a cause of WWI, put why If it was a reason for the US to enter the war,

put why You will have the whole class period

World War I

In small groups, you will travel to each placard

to consider how each discovery or innovation changed the course of war or of history.

As you travel to each placard, answer the questions on the recording sheet

World War I

Using the events from the previous activity,

create an annotated timeline of the events

World War I – Pre-AP

The American Expeditionary Force (AEF)

under the command of John J. Pershing were sent to Europe to fight after war was declared. Pershing was a veteran of several conflicts

(including San Juan Hill) and insisted American soldiers be properly trained before being sent to fight Few American troops sent to Europe before 1918

Major Events of WWI

Battle of Argonne Forest

One of the greatest battles in 1918 in France near the Belgian border

Battle lasted one and half months and thought to have helped lead directly to armistice

Major Events of WWI

You are going to be given articles and readings

based on the major events of World War I For each section, your group will write a

summary of what it was about and how the US contributed to WWI

World War I

Defining American Policy

In your table groups, analyze the four primary sources

given and answer each of the questions.

On the back, answer the following questions: What evidence supports remaining neutral? What evidence supports an American desire to

become a world power? Do you think President Wilson incorporated the

wishes of the American people into the Fourteen Points?

What would have changed the outcome of World War I?

US Involvement in WWI

Economic

U.S. market expands and finds more resources.

Wartime production fuels the economy. Increased industrialization, increased

exports, increased agricultural production. Scientific discoveries and innovations in

medical, military, and agriculture make national more competitive militarily and economically.

WWI Outcomes

Political

U.S. attempts to facilitate a national organization to maintain the world order through the League of Nations.

Congress rules that the U.S. mail could not be used for sending treasonous material.

Espionage Act Selective Service Act

WWI Outcomes

Social

Americans accept more government control over certain aspects of daily life to support the war effort. (Select Service, Espionage Act, food regulation, industrial production, etc.)

WWI Outcomes

Geographic

Treaty of Versailles established new political boundaries in Europe.

U.S. placed naval stations in Hawaii to protect world trade.

Guam, Philippines, Puerto Rico become U.S territories.

Panama Canal zone is built and managed.

WWI Outcomes

Using what we just discussed, complete EPGS

chart for the outcomes of WWI.

EPGS Charts

Create a political cartoon supporting a point of

view on Wilson’s 14 points and the Treaty of Versailles.

Assignment