]]r®'ge}} -...

oAÁ'geH "r®'geH Zdemwd?

oAÁ&oH "r®&aom Zdemwd/

oAÁ&wð "r®&wd Zdemwd?

wPSu©a,m oAÁ'ku©H Zdemwd/

'getm;vkH;udk "r®'geu atmifEdkif\/

t&omtm;vkH;udk w&m;t&omu atmifEdkif\/

arGUavsmfzG,ftm;vkH;udk w&m;ü arGUavsmfjcif;u atmifEdkif\/

'ku©tm;vkH;udk wPSmukefjcif;u atmifEdkif\/

pd&H wd|wk o'¨ar®m? "ar® a[mEÅ K o*g&0g/

bk&m;&Sif\ tqHk;tr omoemawmfonf

t"GefY&SnfpGm wnfygapownf;/

o'¨r®oHk;jzmü ½kdaoav;pm;jcif; &SdMuygapukefownf;/

]]"r®'ge}}

þw&m;pmtkyfonf

"r®'getjzpf tokH;jyK&eftwGufom jzpfonf/

! u

]]earm wó b*0awm t&[awm or®morÁK'¨ó/}}

pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf

rmwdum

pmrsufESmtaMumif;t&m

ed'geuxm - rdwfqufvTm #

pdwf"mwf\pGrf;tif #

rdrdwkdY\pdwfukd þokdY qifjcifay;yg !

pdwf"mwfukd jyKjyifajymif;vJay;yg ¡

or®m'd|d[lonf tb,fenf; w

ul#m*g&okwåef x

yxrqd*¾V,k*okwf y

'kwd,qd*¾V,k*okwf A

pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf 1

aEGvzGJU*gxm 2

tcef; (1) wefzdk;&SdwJhb0wpfckjzpfatmif BudK;pm;yg 5

"r®ESifh t"r® 6

or®m'd|dÓPftjrif 8

pwkopöor®m'd|d 9

ur®óuwmor®m'd|d 10

psmeor®m'd|d 10

0dyóemor®m'd|d 11

r*¾or®m'd|d 13

zvor®m'd|d 14

AmvtrI 'kp&dw[lonf 16


c ! pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf

wefcdk;ay:xif ukodkvf&Sif 18

aool ESifh raool 21

0dyv’mo\pGrf;tif 24

tcef; (2) *dvme'óeokwåefa&SUydkif; 31

pdwåol<u,f\ *kPf&nf 36

tcef; (3) pdwåol<u,f\ yg&rDc&D; 39

y'krkwå&bk&m;&SifESifh pdwåol<u,ftavmif;tvsm 39

t*¾yÜom'okwåef 40

y#dorÇd'gÓPf 43

tw¬y#dorÇd'gÓPf 44

ypö,orÇLw 45

edAÁmef 45

bmodww¬ 46

0dygu 46

ud&d, 47

"r®y#dorÇd'gÓPf 49

ememu©Pduur® 51

ed½kwådy#dorÇd'gÓPf 56

y#dbmey#dorÇd'gÓPf 56

y#dorÇd'gÓPfoefY&Sif;zdkY&ef taMumif;w&m;ig;rsKd; 59

uóyjrwfpGmbk&m;\ omoemawmfwGif;0,f 63

xl;jcm;wJh a&S;qkawmif; 65

twdwftaMumif;w&m;ig;yg; 67

pdwåol<u,fb0 68

okH;q,fhESpfaum|mour®|mef; 70


rmwdum ! *

oVm,we0dbwådw&m; 71

a&S;a&S;bk&m;&SifwdkY\ omoemü BudwfajccJhzl;aom

ocFg&w&m;&Sdjcif; 73

tcef; (4) opömav;yg;wkdYukd xkd;xGif;od&ef usifhpOftusOf;csKyf 77

ÓPftvGefxufjrufol 77

yÍö*¾ ZeD;armifESH 79

t½lyor®LV§yk*¾dKvf 79

½lyor®LV§yk*¾dKvf 80

Ob,or®LV§yk*¾dKvf 81

emrfoabm 83

uHwdkY\pGrf;tif 85

"mwfur®|mef;tusOf;enf; 89

yx0D"mwf (6) rsKd; 91

tmayg"mwf (2) rsKd; 91

awaZm"mwf (2) rsKd; 91

0ga,m"mwf (2) rsKd; 92

wGef;uefrIoabm 93

rmrIoabm 94

Murf;rIoabm 95

av;rIoabm 96

axmufuefrIoabm 96

aysmhrIoabm 97

acsmrIoabm 97

ayghrIoabm 97

ylrIoabmç at;rIoabm 98


C ! pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf

zGJUpnf;rIoabm 98

,kdpD;rIoabm 99

a'oemawmfpOftwdkif;½Iyg 100

reodum&aumov’ (10) yg; 102

£a`E´ig;yg; 106

aAmZÑ*F (7) yg; 108

tMunftwHk;tcJqdkwm bmvJ¿ 111

ÓPfa&mifqdkwm bmvJ ¿ 114

orm"d\ tusKd;*kPftif tmedoif ig;yg; 118

okH;q,fhESpfaum|mo 125

y*kPjzpfaomf 127

y#dulvreodum& 128

t½dk;pkur®|mef; 129

b0ifraemtMunf"mwfqdkwm bmvJ¿ 132

psmeft*Fg ig;yg; 134

owdjyK&eftcsuf 135

0oDabmfig;wef 135

A[d'¨t½dk;pkaum|mo 136

ar;cGef;wpf&yf 138

Mo'gwuodkPf; 139

uokdPf;0ef;ukd jzefYMuufyg 143

yxrpsmef - psmeft*Fgig;yg; 144

'kwd,psmef 145

]]tjzL tjzL}}vkdY pdwfu&GwfqdkrI 146

wwd,psmef 147


rmwdum ! i

pwkw¬psmef 148

tndKa&mifuokdPf; 149

t0ga&mifuodkPf; 153

teDa&mifuodkPf; 154

yx0DuodkPf; = ajruodkPf; 156

tmayguodkPf; = a&uodkPf; 158

awaZmuodkPf; = rD;uodkPf; 159

0ga,muodkPf; = avuodkPf; 160

tmavmuuodkPf; = tvif;a&mifuodkPf; 161

tmumouodkPf; = aumif;uifuodkPf; 162

tmumomeÍöm,wepsmef 163

0dnmPÍöm,wepsmef 167

tmudÍönm,wepsmef 167

ae0onmemonm,wepsmef 169

0dyóem\ tajcyg'upsmef 173

"mwfur®|mef; 174

y"med,*Fw&m; ig;yg; 175

"mwfur®|mef;tquf 180

owdjyK&ef 181

EGm;owfa,mufsm; Oyrm 183

1/ oEÅwdCe = ½kyftpOftwef;twkH;tcJ 186

2/ orl[Ce = ½kyftaygif;tpktwkH;tcJ 187

3/ udpöCe = ½kyfvkyfief;udpötwkH;tcJ 187

Oyg'g½kyfrsm;ukd odrf;qnf;ykH 188

ZD0dw = ZD0dwda`E´ = ½kyftouf 192


p ! pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf

pu©K'Gg& 196

pu©K'ouuvmyfukd odrf;qnf;ykH 196

um,'ouuvmyfudk odrf;qnf;ykH 197

pdwåZMoZ|ru½kyfuvmyfukd odrf;qnf;ykH 198

OwkZMoZ|ru½kyfuvmyfukd odrf;qnf;ykH 199

tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfrsm;ukd odrf;qnf;ykH 203

pwkork|meduMoZm 205

tvkwftavG; rjyKtyfaomfvnf; jyKtyfouJhokdYaom 207

awaZm"mwfESifh MoZmwkdYrS ESpfcGESpfcG yGm;ykH 209

aomw'Gg& 212

Cme'Gg& ponf 213

raem'Gg& 213

emrfw&m;udk odrf;qnf;ykH 217

psmefemrfw&m;awGukd odrf;qnf;ykH 218

½kyfemrfukd yl;wGJodrf;qnf;yg 224

emr½ly00w¬me = emrf½kyfukd ykdif;jcm;rSwfom;jcif; 226

tm,we (12) yg; 227

emr½lyy&dapä'ÓPf 228

ypö,y&d*¾[ÓPf 229

Ówy&dnmpcef; 233

tEkyÜg'eda&m" 235

0dyóemqkdwm bmvJ¿ 238

yxraum#d*grokwåef 239

avmuDt&d,opömav;yg; 240

avmuDr*¾if (8) yg; = avmuDr*¾opöm 242


rmwdum ! q

ukefoG,frI ig;rsKd; 244

0dyóemydkif; r*¾if (8) yg; 247

opömav;yg; xif&Sm;vmyHk 248

½lyu©E¨mü O',udk tus,f½IyGm;enf; 249

½lyu©E¨mü 0,ukd tus,f½IyGm;enf; 253

t&[wår*f&rnfhtcsdef 257

0dyóemukodkvfaZmESifh t&[wår*f 259

avmuDopömav;yg; xif&Sm;vmyHk 259

ork',opöm xif&Sm;vmyHk 259

'ku©opöm xif&Sm;vmykH 260

eda&m"opöm xif&Sm;vmykH 262

eda&m" (3) rsKd; 265

oar®m[0daem'eDt|uxm\ zGifhqdkcsuf 267

wpfzef 'ku©opöm xif&Sm;vmyHk 271

avmuDr*¾opömw&m; xif&Sm;vmyHk 271

y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;rsm; xif&Sm;vmyHk 274

tEkavmry#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m; xif&Sm;vmyHk 274

y#davmry#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m; xif&Sm;vmyHk 275

y#dpöorkyÜEéw&m;rsm; xif&Sm;vmykH 279

enf;av;yg; xif&Sm;vmykH 282

1/ {uwåenf; 282

emewåenf; xif&Sm;vmykH 286

tAsmyg&enf; xif&Sm;vmykH 290

{0H"r®wmenf; xif&Sm;vmykH 294

vu©Pmig;yg; xif&Sm;vmykH 296


Z ! pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf

tewåvu©Pm xif&Sm;vmykH 297

tedpövu©Pm xif&Sm;vmykH 298

'ku©vu©Pm xif&Sm;vmykH 301

obm0vu©Pm xif&Sm;vmykH 301

ocFwvu©Pm xif&Sm;vmykH 303

tewåvu©PokwåefrSmvm&SdwJh 0dyóem½IuGuf 306

txufykdif; 0dyóemÓPfrsm; 317

pdwåol<u,f&JU 0dyóem 318

tcef; (5) pdwåol<u,f bk&m;zl;xGufjcif; 323

xl;uJaom wefcdk;jym#d[m 324

tm,wea'oem 326

o'¨g-oDvjynfhpkHolqdkwm 328

tjrwfqkH;w&m;ESifh jynfhpkHolqdkwm 330

{w'*fbGJUxl; &&Sdjcif; 332

tcef; (6) oHa,mZeokwåef 335

tcef; (7) yxr£od'wåokwåef 339

tcef; (8) 'kwd,£od'wåokwåef 343

tcef; (9) r[uyg#d[m&d,okwåef 351

tcef; (10) yxrumrblokwåef 359

tcef; (11) 'kwd,umrblokwåef 367

um,ocFg& 371

0pDocFg& 373

pdwåocFg& 373


rmwdum ! ps

onma0',dweda&m"ormywf 375

zvormywf 378

eda&m"ormywf 380

0dyóem oHk;rsKd; 384

ykAÁudpö (4) yg; 388

,if;ocFg&wdkY&JUcsKyfpOf 395

aoolESifh eda&m"ormywf0ifpm;olwdkY xl;jcm;csuf 397

eda&m"ormywfrS xykH 402

eda&m"ormywfrStx a&S;OD;pGmjzpfaomocFg& 403

zób,fESpfrsKd;u awGUxdygovJ¿ 406

pdwf"mwfu b,fbufudk ñGwfudkif;½dIif;aeygovJ¿ 408

A[lyum&w&m; 409

tcef; (12) a*g'wåokwåef 411

tcef; (13) ed*P²em#ykwåokwåef 421

tcef; (14) tapvuóyokwåef 435

tcef; (15) *dvme'óeokwåefaemufykdif; 443

w&m;a'oemawmfed*Hk; 456

rSwfom;zG,f&m tu©&mpOftñTef; 459

"""

ed'geuxm - rdwfqufvTm

pdwf"mwf\pGrf;tif

pdawåe eD,wd avmaum? pdawåe y&duówd/

pdwåó {u"r®ó? oaAÁ0 0orEG*l/ (oH-1-36 - pdwåokwåef/)

pdawåe eD,wDwd tbdocFg&0dnmPH oEm,m[? wPSmorÜ,kwåH

0g/ (rlv#D-1-68/)

pdawåe =pdawåe =pdawåe =pdawåe =pdawåe = tbdocFg&0dnmPf - [k ac:qdktyfaom pdwfonf/

avmaum =avmaum =avmaum =avmaum =avmaum = owå0gtaygif;udk/ eD,wd = eD,wd = eD,wd = eD,wd = eD,wd = aqmiftyf\/ pdawåe = pdawåe = pdawåe = pdawåe = pdawåe =

tbdocFg&0dnmPf - [k ac:qdktyfaom pdwfonf/ avmaum = avmaum = avmaum = avmaum = avmaum =

owå0gtaygif;ukd/ y&duówd = y&duówd = y&duówd = y&duówd = y&duówd = qJGiiftyf\/ oaAÁ0 = oaAÁ0 = oaAÁ0 = oaAÁ0 = oaAÁ0 = cyfodrf;OókH

tvHk;pHkaom owå0gwdkYonfomvQif/ pdwåó = pdwåó = pdwåó = pdwåó = pdwåó = tbdocFg&0dnmPf

trnf&aom pdwf[laom/ {u"r®ó = {u"r®ó = {u"r®ó = {u"r®ó = {u"r®ó = wpfckwnf;aom w&m;\/

0oH =0oH =0oH =0oH =0oH = tvdkodkY/ tEG*l = tEG*l = tEG*l = tEG*l = tEG*l = tpOfwpkduf vkdufygMu&ukef\/

b0opf wpfckukd jzpfay:vmatmif jyKjyifzefwD;ay;wwfaom

ukodkvf0dnmPf tukodkvf0dnmPfrsm;ukd tbdocFg&0dnmPf[k ac:qdk

\/ tvdk&r®uf rBuD;jcif; rwyfrufwwfjcif;qdkonfh tavmb"mwf?

! #

pdwfrcufxef rMurf;wrf;jcif; (= El;nHhodrfarGUjcif;) qdkonfh ta'go

arwåm"mwf? opömav;&yf w&m;jrwfudk rawGra0 odjcif;qkdonfh

tarm["mwf - þ tavmb"mwf ta'go"mwf tarm["mwf

wkdYESifh ,SOfwJGaeaom0dnmPfum; ukodkvftbdocFg&0dnmPfwnf;/

ouf&dSoufrJh umr0w¬Ktpkpktay:ü wG,fwmrufarmjcif; wyf

rufjcif;qkdonfh avmb"mwf? pdwf"mwf cufxefMurf;MuKwfjcif; owå0g

ocFg&awGudk zsufqD;vdkjcif;qkdonfh a'go"mwf? opömav;csuf oabm

eufukd trSeftwkdif; xdk;xGif;rodjcif; awGa0jcif;ç trSefudk rodwJh

twGuf a,mufsm; rdef;r yk*d¾Kvf owå0g vl ewf jA[®m v,f ,m a&T

aiG ponfjzifh ajymif;jyefvSefum todrSm;aejcif;qkdonfh arm["mwf

- þ avmb "mwf a'go"mwf arm["mwfwkdYESifh ,SOfwJGaeaom

0dnmPfum; tukodkvftbdocFg&0dnmPfwnf;/

tavmb"mwf ta'go"mwf tarm["mwfwdkYESifh ,SOfwGJaeaom

ukodkvftbdocFg&0dnmPf trnf&aom pdwf"mwfum; owå0gwpfOD;

ukd txufwef;us rsufESmyef;vSonfh vlUb0 ewfb0 jA[®mb0

qkdonfh xkdxdkbkHb0odkY a&mufatmifç edAÁmefqdkonfh oHo&mxdkrSmbuf

urf;okdY a&muf&Sdonfhwkdifatmif wpfb0xufwpfb0 wpfqifhxuf

wpfqifh jrifhoxufjrifh &ifhoxuf&ifh jrwfoxufjrwfatmif qGJaqmif

oGm;Edkifaom pGrf;tm;&Sd\/

tvm;wlyif avmb-a'go-arm[-rmefrme-£óm-rpä&d,

ponfh ,kwfnHhaom"mwfwkdYESifh ,SOfwJGaeonfh tukodkvf tbdocFg&

0dnmPftrnf&aom pdwf"mwfuvnf; owå0gwpfOD;udk t0Dpdi&JodkY

wkdifatmifyif wpfb0xufwpfb0 wpfqifhxufwpfqifh edrfhoxuf

edrfh nHhoxufnHh zsif;oxufzsif; toxuft eoxufeatmif

jyefvnfí qJGac:oGm;Edkifaom pGrf;tm;&Sd\/

X ! pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf

ukodkvftbdocFg&0dnmPf tukodkvftbdocFg&0dnmPf[lonfh

xkdpdwf"mwfrsm;onf owå0gwpfOD;ukd xkdxdkbHkb0rS ruRwfatmif

rvGwfatmif ½kef;rxGufEdkifatmif qJGiifxm;Edkifaom pGrf;tm;vnf;

&SdMu\/

oHo&mwpfcGif0,f usifvnfaeMu&aom owå0gtm;vHk;wkdYonf

um; ukodkvftbdocFg&0dnmPf tukodkvftbdocFg&0dnmPftrnf

&aom pdwf"mwf[lonfh wpfckwnf;aom w&m;"r®\ tvkdEkdifiHodkY

vkdufygí aeMu&ay\/ (oH-1-36 - pdwåokwåef/)

rdrdwkdY\pdwfukd þokdY qifjcifay;yg

&[ef;wdkY ... xkdaMumifh þomoemawmfjrwftwGif;ü oifwkdY

wpfawGonf - ]]aeYnOfhoHo&m &SnfjrifhpGmaom tcsdeftcg umv

ywfvHk; þ igwkdY\pdwfonf &m*aMumifh a'goaMumifh arm[aMumifh

npfEGrf;í ae&ay\}} - [k rdrd\ pdwfukd rMumcP tjrJrjywf qifjcif

ay;yg/ &[ef;wkdY ... pdwf"mwfnpfEGrf;jcif;aMumifh owå0gwdkYonf

npfEGrf;Mu&ukef\? yifyef;Mu&ukef\? qif;&JMu&ukef\/ pdwf"mwf

jzLpifoefY&Sif;jcif;aMumifh owå0gwkdYonf jzLpifoefY&Sif;Mu&ukef\/

(oH-2-123 - *'´KvA'¨okwf/)

þodkY tjrJrjywf rMumcP qifjcifapvdkjcif;\ &nf&G,fawmf

rlcsufrSm þokdYjzpf\/ ]]pdwf"mwf jzLpifoefY&Sif;jcif;\ taMumif;&if;ppf

{uefjzpfaom orx-0dyóem bm0emwdkYudk - t½kd;<uif;apç ta&

<uif;apç taMum<uif;apç tom;-taoG;awG tukefcef;ajcmufcsif

cef;ajcmufygap? a,mufsm;jrwfwdkY\ ZJGvkHYv0D&d,ç rdef;rjrwfwkdY\ ZJGvkHYv

0D&d,jzifh &&SdEdkif a&muf&SdEkdifonfh yef;wkdifokdY ra&mufrcsif; 0D&d,\

&yfwefYxm;jcif;rnfonf b,fawmhrQ rjzpfap&}} - [k þuJhokdY t*Fg

av;yg;&Sdaom 0D&d,jzifh tywfwukwf usifhMuHyGm;rsm; tm;xkwfap

ed'geuxm - rdwfqufvTm ! !

awmfrlvkdaom &nf&G,fcsufyif jzpf\/ þokdY tjrJrjywf rMumcP

qifjcifjcif;onf pdwf"mwfukd npfEGrf;apwwfonfh &m*-a'go-arm[

wkdY OD;aqmifvsuf&Sdonfh tukodkvf t,kwfw&m;wkdY\ tajcpkduf&m

tm½HkjzpfMuonfh Oyg'geu©E¨mig;yg;wdkYudk vu©Pma&;oHk;wefodkY wif

um 0dyóembm0emur®|mef;udk pD;jzef;vkdaom pdwf"mwfrsm; wzGm;zGm;

jzpfay:vma&;twGuf tvGeftm;aumif;aom taxmuftyHhaumif;

BuD;wpfck wGef;tm;BuD;wpfckyif jzpfonf/

pdwf"mwfukd jyKjyifajymif;vJay;yg

þodkY qifjcifvsuf rdrdwkdY\ pdwf"mwfukd rdrdwkdYudk,fwkdif jyKjyif

ajymif;vJay;yg/

1/ ed,rdwed,rdwed,rdwed,rdwed,rdw -- ]]igonf ukodkvfudkom jyKvkyf&rnf}}[k 'ge-oDv-

orx-0dyóem tpjzmonfh xkdxdkukodkvfukd jyKvkyfjcif;ü rdrd\

pdwfukd tjrJowfrSwfxm;yg/

2/ y&dPmrdwy&dPmrdwy&dPmrdwy&dPmrdwy&dPmrdw -- avmb-a'go-arm[-rmefrme-£óm-rpä&d,

ponfh tukodkvfw&m;qkd;wdkY jzpfay:vmjcif;rS pdwfudk qkwfepf

apvsuf 'ge-oDv-orx-0dyóem tpjzmonfh ukodkvfwdkYudk

jyKvkyfjcif;ü rdrd\pdwfukd tjrJwrf; ñGwfudkif;½Idif;xm;yg/

3/ ork'gpm& -- 'ge-oDv-orx-0dyóem tpjzmonfh ukodkvf

w&m;wkdYukd tjrJrjywf jyKvkyfjcif;jzifh ukodkvfw&m;wkdYüomvQif

rdrd\pdwfudk tavhtusifhrsm;atmif jyKvkyfay;yg/

4/ tmbkZdw --

(u) olawmfoljrwfwkdY&Sd&m oifhwifhavsmufywf aumif;jrwfonfh

ywd½lya'ot&yfüom aexkdifyg/

( c ) olawmfaumif;wkdYudk rSD0Jqnf;uyfyg/

¡ ! pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf

( * ) olawmfaumif;w&m;udk emMum;yg/

(C) t&d,r*f\ a&SUtzdkYü jznfhusifh&rnfh ig;yg;oDvrSpí usifh0wf

y#dywf [lorQukd jznfhusifhyg/

(i) 'ku©opöm ork',opöm trnf&onfh taMumif;w&m;ESifh

wuGaom Oyg'geu©Emig;yg; (= ½kyfemrf)w&m;wdkYukd tedpö[k

'ku©[k tewå[k tokb[k wGifwGifBuD; 0dyóem½Iaeyg?

ESvHk;oGif;aeyg/

þodkY ESvHk;oGif;aeygu tvdk&dStyf ESpfouftyf jrwfEdk;tyfonfh

rnfonfh£|m½HkESifhyif awGUMuHK&onfjzpfapç tvdkr&Sdtyf rESpfouftyf

rjrwfEdk;tyfonfh rnfonfhted|m½HkESifhyif awGUMuHK&onfjzpfap wkef

vIyfrI r&SdawmhbJ ukodkvfom tjrJwrf; jzpfaeawmhrnf jzpfonf/

þokdYvQif rdrd\ pdwf"mwfukd jyKjyifajymif;vJay;yg/ þodkY jyKjyif

ajymif;vJay;ygu pdwf"mwfonf wjznf;jznf; jzLpifoefY&Sif;vmrnf

om jzpfayonf/ wpfpwpfp jzLpifoefY&Sif;vmaom xdkpdwf"mwfu

xkdolawmfaumif;\b0ukd wpfb0xufwpfb0 wpfqifhxufwpfqifh

jrifhoxufjrifh jrwfoxufjrwf ewfxufewf jA[®mxufjA[®m jzpf

atmif jr§ifhwifay;rnfom jzpfayonf/ tu,fí xdkolawmfaumif;\

pdwf"mwfonf t&[wår*fa&pifjzifh jzLpifatmif tNyD;wkdif aq;aMum

okwfoifEdkifaomtqifhodkY a&muf&SdoGm;ojzifh vHk;vHk;BuD; jzLpifoefY&Sif;

oGm;ygu oHo&m0#f'ku©rD;yHkBuD;vnf; tNyD;wkdif tNidrf;BuD; Nidrf;oGm;NyD

om jzpfayonf/

xkdokdY oHo&m0#f'ku©rD;yHkBuD; tNyD;wkdif tNidrf;BuD;Nidrf;í tat;BuD;

at;&mjzpfonfh edAÁme"mwfodkY qdkufa&muf&eftwGuf usifh&rnfh usifh

pOfrSm ----- 'ku©eda&m"*grdedy#dy'g ===== 'ku©csKyf&m edAÁmefodkY a&mufaMumif;

usifhpOf[k ac:qdktyfonfh r*¾if (8)yg; tusifhjrwfw&m;yif jzpfay

ed'geuxm - rdwfqufvTm ! P

onf/

1/ or®m0gpm-or®mur®EÅ-or®mtmZD0[lonfh oDvr*¾if oHk;yg;ukd

c½koif;yGwfopfESifhtwl jzLpifatmif jznfhusifhyg/

2/ or®m0g,mr-or®mowd-or®morm"d[lonfh orm"dr*¾if oHk;yg;ukd

0dyóem\ tajcyg'u jzpfEkdifavmufatmif pHcsdefrDatmif xl

axmifyg/

3/ or®m'd|d-or®mouFyÜ[laom ynmr*¾if ESpfyg;udk jynfhpHkatmif jznfh

usifhyg/

or®m'd|d[lonf tb,fenf;

&[ef;wdkY ...or®m'd|d[lonf tb,fenf;¿ &[ef;wdkY ...

1/ 'ku©opömü odaomÓPfç

2/ 'ku©jzpfaMumif; ork',opömü odaomÓPfç

3/ 'ku©csKyf&mcsKyfaMumif; eda&m"opömü odaomÓPfç

4/ 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"odkY a&mufaMumif;usifhpOfü odaomÓPfonf

&dS\/

&[ef;wdkY ...þ pwkopöÓPfudk or®m'd|d[lí ac:qdktyf\/

(r-1-88/)

þr[mowdy|meokwåef a'oemawmfESifhtnD opömav;yg;udk

xdk;xGif;odwwfonfh pwkopöÓPfonf or®m'd|d rnf&um; a,m*g

0p&yk*¾dKvfonf oHo&m0#fqif;&J'ku©rS vGwfajrmufvdkygu oDvwnf;

[laom ajray:ü &yfwnfum orm"dwnf;[laom jrwfaom ausmuf

zsmxufü pwkopöÓPfwnf;[laom oefvsufudk jrjrxufatmif

aoG;&rnfjzpfonf? pwkopöor®m'd|dÓPfudk &&Sdatmif BudK;yrf;&rnf

jzpfonf/ atmufyg ul#m*g&okwåefudk zwf½IMunfhyg/

w ! pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf

ul#m*g&okwåef

&[ef;wdkY ...yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;u - ]]igonf --

1/ 'ku©t&d,opömw&m;udk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm or®m'd|dÓPfynmjzifh

ukd,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufrodbJç

2/ 'ku©jzpfaMumif; ork',t&d,opömw&m;udk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm or®m

'd|dÓPfynmjzifh udk,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufrodbJç

3/ 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"t&d,opömw&m;udk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm or®m'd|d

ÓPfynmjzifh udk,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufrodbJç

4/ 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"odkY a&mufaMumif;usifhpOfjzpfonfh r*¾t&d,

opömw&m;udk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm or®m'd|dÓPfynmjzifh udk,fwdkif

rsufarSmuf xGif;azmufrodbJ --

aumif;rGefpGm oHo&m0#fqif;&J'ku©\ tqHk;udk jyKaytHh}} - [k

ajymqdkvmonf jzpfjim;tHh? þuJhodkY ajymqdkonfhtwdkif; jzpfEdkif&maom

taMumif;onf r&Sdonfomwnf;/

&[ef;wdkY ...jzpfoifhjzpf&m EdIif;cdkif;zG,f&m avmuOyrmaomfum;-

yk*¾dKvfwpfa,mufu - ]]igonf -- jymom'faqmif aygufaom tdrf\

(tkwfjrpfç wdkifç eH&H ponfh) atmufydkif;taqmuftODudk raqmuf

vkyfao;bJ (jymom'faqmiftxG#f[lonfh) txufykdif;taqmuftOD

udk wiftHh}}[k ajymqdkvmjim;tHh? þuJhodkY ajymqkdonfhtwdkif; jzpfEdkif&m

aom taMumif;onf r&Sdonfomwnf;/

&[ef;wdkY ...þOyrmtwlyifvQif yk*¾dKvfwpfa,mufu ]]igonf-


udk,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufrodbJç

ed'geuxm - rdwfqufvTm ! x


'd|dÓPfynmjzifh udk,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufrodbJç

3/ 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"t&d,opömw&m;ukd [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm or®m'd|d

ÓPfynmjzifh udk,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufrodbJç

4/ 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"odkY a&mufaMumif; usifhpOfjzpfonfh r*¾t&d,


rsufarSmuf xGif;azmufrodbJ --

aumif;rGefpGm oHo&m0#fqif;&J'ku©\ tqHk;udk jyKaytHh}}[k ajym

qdkvmonf jzpfjim;tHh? þuJhodkY ajymqdkonhftwdkif; jzpfEdkif&maom

taMumif;onf r&Sdonfomwnf;/

&[ef;wdkY ...yk*¾dKvfwpfa,mufu ]]igonf --


udk,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifNyD;íç


'd|dÓPfynmjzifh udk,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifNyD;íç

3/ 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"t&d,opömw&m;ukd [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm or®m'd|d

ÓPfynmjzifh udk,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifNyD;íç

4/ 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"odkY a&mufaMumif;usifhpOf jzpfonfh r*¾t&d,


rsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifNyD;í --

aumif;rGefpGm oHo&m0#fqif;&J'ku©\ tqHk;udk jyKaytHh}}[k ajym

qdkvmonf jzpfjim;tHh? þuJhodkY ajymqdkonfhtwdkif; jzpfEdkif&maom

taMumif;onf &Sdonfomwnf;/

' ! pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf

&[ef;wkdY ...jzpfoifhjzpf&m EIdif;ckdif;zG,f&m avmuOyrmaomfum;-

yk*¾dKvfwpfa,mufu - ]]igonf -- jymom'faqmif aygufaom tdrf\

(tkwfjrpfç wdkifç eH&Hponfh) atmufykdif;taqmuftODukd aqmufvkyfNyD;rS

(jymom'faqmiftxG#f[lonhf) txufykdif;taqmuftODukd wifaytHh}}

[k ajymqkdvmonf jzpfjim;thH? þuJhokdY ajymqkdonfhtwkdif; jzpfEdkif&m

aom taMumif;onf &dSonfomwnf;/

&[ef;wkdY ...þOyrmtwlyifvQif yk*¾dKvfwpfa,mufu ]]igonf-

1/ 'ku©t&d,opömw&m;ukd [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm or®m'd|dÓPfynmjzifh

ukd,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifNyD;íç

2/ 'ku©jzpfaMumif; ork',t&d,opömw&m;ukd [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm or®m

'd|dÓPfynmjzifh ukd,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifNyD;íç

3/ 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"t&d,opömw&m;ukd [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm or®m'd|d

ÓPfynmjzifh ukd,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifNyD;íç

4/ 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"okdY a&mufaMumif;usifhpOf jzpfonfh r*¾t&d,

opömw&m;ukd [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm or®m'd|dÓPfynmjzifh ukd,fwkdif

rsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifNyD;í --

aumif;rGefpGm oHo&m0#fqif;&J'ku©\ tqkH;ukdjyKaytHh}} [k ajym

qkdvmonf jzpfjim;thH? þuJhokdY ajymqkdonfhtwkdif; jzpfEdkif&maom

taMumif;onf &Sdonfomwnf;/

&[ef;wdkY ...xdkaMumifh þomoemawmfü oifwdkYwpfawGonf-

1/ þum; 'ku©t&d,opömw&m;wnf;[k odatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwf

yg/

ed'geuxm - rdwfqufvTm ! "

2/ þum; 'ku©jzpfaMumif; ork',t&d,opömw&m;wnf;[k od

atmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfyg/

3/ þum; 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"t&d,opömw&m;wnf;[k odatmif

BudK;pm;tm;xkwfyg/

4/ þum; 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"odkY a&mufaMumif;usifhpOf r*¾t&d,

opömw&m;wnf;[k odatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfyg/ --

þodkY a[mMum;awmfrl\/ (oH-3-394-395 - ul#m*g&okwåef/)

,ck pmzwfol\ vuf0,fa&muf&Sdaeaom þusrf;pmtkyfüum;

xkdopöm (4)yg;wkdYukd xkd;xGif;od&ef usifhpOft&yf&yfwkdYukd tusOf;csKyfum

wifjyxm;ygonf/ xkdusifhpOfwkdYum; r*¾if (8)yg; tusifhjrwfw&m;wdkYyif

jzpfMuonf/ orm"dxlaxmifykH tykdif;wGif "mwfur®|mef;jzifh orm"d

xlaxmifykHukd tajccHum xdk"mwkreodum& Oypm&orm"drSwpfqifh

(32)aum|mo ½IyHkwdkYudkvnf;aumif;ç xdk (32)aum|mowdkYrS ta&mif

uodkPf; (4)yg; ormywf (8)yg; usifhpOfwdkYudkvnf;aumif;ç xdkorm"d

wdkYudk tajccHí <uif;uodkPf;wdkYESifhwuG uodkPf; (10)yg; ormywf

(8)yg; usifhpOfwdkYudkvnf;aumif; tusOf;csKyfum a&;om;wifjyxm;yg

onf/

0dyóemusifhpOfykdif;wGifum; 'ku©opömtrnf&onfh Oyg'geu©Em

ig;yg;wdkYudk odatmif usifhpOf t&yf&yfudkvnf;aumif;? ork',opöm

trnf&onfh t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uH[lonfh taMumif;w&m;

wdkYaMumifh tusKd; 'ku©opömw&m; cEmig;yg;wdkY jzpfay:vmyHkudk odatmif

usifh&rnfh usifhpOft&yf&yfudkvnf;aumif;? avmuD0dyóemÓPfjzifh

xdk;xGif;odtyfonfh eda&m"opömç avmukwå&mt&d,r*fÓPfjzifh

xdk;xGif;odtyfonfh avmukwå&meda&m"opömç avmuDr*¾opömç avm

e ! pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf

ukwå&mr*¾opömwdkYudk or®m'd|d ÓPfynmjzifh ukd,fwdkifrsufarSmuf

xGif;azmufodjrifatmif usifh&rnfh usifhpOft&yf&yfwdkYudkvnf;aumif;

a&;om;wifjyxm;ygonf/

odkYaomf þt&d,opömav;yg;udk xdk;xGif;odatmif usifhcGifh&&SdEdkif

onfh vlUb0udk &&Sd&efvnf; cJ,Of;vS\/ tvm;wlyif bk&m;&SifwdkY

yGifhxGef;awmfrlvmjcif;? bk&m;&SifwdkY a[mMum;awmfrltyfonfh "r®0de,

omoemawmf\ xGef;vif;awmufyjcif;? omoemawmfü ,HkMunfouf

0ifwnfaeonfh o'gw&m;&Sdjcif;? opömav;yg; jrwfw&m;udk or®m'd|d

ÓPfynmjzifh udk,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifEdkifatmif oGefoif

jyoqdkqHk;ray;rnfh q&maumif; orm;aumif; rdwfaumif; aqGaumif;

wdkYudk qnf;uyfcGifh &&Sdjcif;? w&m;ESifhavsmfpGm usifhjcif; tp&Sdonfh

þ tcGifhta&;wdkYum; tvGef&cJaom tcGifhta&;wdkYyif jzpfMu\/

atmufyg qd*¾V,k*okwåef ESpfckwdkYudk zwf½IMunfhyg/

yxrqd*¾V,k*okwf

&[ef;wdkY ...jzpfoifhjzpf&m EIdif;cdkif;zG,f&m avmuOyrmaomfum;-

a,mufsm;wpfa,mufonf r[morkj'mü taygufwpfckom&Sdaom

xrf;ydk;udk ypfcsav&m\/ xdkorkj'müvnf; rsufpdumPf;aeaom vdyf

wpfaumifonf &Sdav&m\/ xdkvdyfonf tESpfwpf&m tESpfw&m ukef

vGefaomtcgü a&rsufESmjyifay:odkY wpfBudrf wpfBudrf ay:vmav&m

\/

&[ef;wdkY ...xdkt&mukd tb,fodkY rSwfxifukefoenf;¿ pifppf

tm;jzifh tESpfwpf&m tESpfwpf&m ukefvGefaomtcgü a&rsufESmjyif

ay:odkY wpfBudrf wpfBudrf ay:vmaom vdyfumPf;onf taygufwpfck

om&Sdaom xrf;ydk;ü vnfyif; pGyfEdkif&moavm[k ar;awmfrl\/

ed'geuxm - rdwfqufvTm ! y

t&Sifbk&m; ...&SnfMumaomumv ukefvGefonf&Sdaomf wpfcg

wpf&H pGyfEdkifaumif;wef&myg\[k avQmufxm;Muukef\/

&[ef;wdkY ...tESpfwpf&m tESpfwpf&m ukefvGefaomtcg a&rsuf

ESmjyifay:odkY wpfBudrf wpfBudrf ay:vmaom xdkvdyfumPf;onf þ

taygufwpfckom&Sdaom xrf;ydk;ü vnfyif; pGyfrdEdkifjcif;u ydkí jref&m

ao;\/ wpfBudrfrQ tyg,fodkY ysufpD;usa&mufoGm;aom vlrdkufonf

vltjzpfudk wpfzefjyef&&Sd&ef rvG,fulawmhacs[k igbk&m; a[mawmf

rl\/

xkdokdYjzpfjcif;onf tb,ftaMumif;aMumifhenf;¿ &[ef;wkdY ...þ

tyg,fbkHü w&m;ESifhtnDusifhjcif; rQrQwwusifhjcif; aumif;rIukokdvf

ukd jyKusifhjcif;rnfonf r&SdjzpfcJh\/ tcsif;csif; pm;jcif;ç tm;BuD;olu

tm;enf;olukd pm;jcif;onfom þtyg,fbkHü jzpfay:ae\/

xkdokdYjzpfjcif;onf tb,faMumifhenf;¿ &[ef;wkdY ...t&d,opöm

av;yg;wkdYukd rodrjrifjcif;aMumifhwnf;/ tb,fav;yg;wkdYenf;[lrl -

'ku©t&d,opömç 'ku©ork',t&d,opömç 'ku©eda&m"t&d,opömç 'ku©

eda&m"*grdedy#dy'gt&d,opöm (= 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"okdY a&mufaMumif;

usifhpOf r*¾t&d,opöm) wkdYyifwnf;/

&[ef;wkdY ...xkdaMumifh þomoemawmfü oifwkdYwpfawGonf-

þum; 'ku©t&d,opömw&m;wnf;[k odatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfyg?

þum; 'ku©ork',t&d,opömw&m;wnf;[k odatmif BudK;pm;

tm;xkwfyg? þum; 'ku©eda&m"t&d,opömw&m;wnf;[k odatmif

BudK;pm;tm;xkwfyg? þum; 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"okdY a&mufaMumif;usihfpOf

r*¾t&d,opömw&m;wnf;[k odatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfyg/

(oH-3-397/)

z ! pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf

'kwd,qd*¾V,k*okwf

&[ef;wkdY ...jzpfoifhjzpf&m EIdif;ckdif;zG,f&m avmuOyrmaomfum;-

þr[myx0DajrBuD;onf a&wpfjyifwnf; jzpfaumif;jzpfav&m\

(jzpfonfqkdMupkdY)/ xkda&tjyifü a,mufsm;wpfa,mufonf tayguf

wpfckom &Sdaom xrf;ykd;ukd ypfcsav&m\/ xkdxrf;ykd;ukd ta&SUavonf

taemufokdY wkdufcwfaqmif,loGm;av&m\/ taemufavonf ta&SU

okdY wkdufcwfaqmif,loGm;av&m\/ ajrmufavonf awmifokdY wkduf

cwfaqmif,loGm;av&m\/ awmifavonf ajrmufokdY wkdufcwfaqmif

,loGm;av&m\/ xkda&tjyifü rsufpdumPf;aeaom vdyfwpfaumif

onf &Sdav&m\/ xdkvdyfumPf;onf tESpfwpf&m tESpfwpf&m ukef

vGefaomtcg a&rsufESmjyifay:okdY wpfBudrf wpfBudrf ay:vmav&m\/

&[ef;wkdY ...xkdt&mukd tokdYrSwfxifukefoenf;¿ pifppftm;jzifh

tESpfwpf&m tESpfwpf&m ukefvGefaomtcg a&rsufESmjyifay:okdY wpf

Budrf wpfBudrfom ay:vmaom xkdvdyfumPf;onf þtaygufwpfck

om&Sdaom xrf;ykd;ü vnfyif; pGyfrdEdkif&moavm[k ar;awmfrl\/

t&Sifbk&m; ...tESpfwpf&m ukefvGefaomtcg a&rsufESmjyifay:

okdY wpfBudrfwpfcgom ay:vmaom xkdvdyfumPf;onf þtayguf

wpfckom&Sdaom xrf;ykd;ü vnfyif;pGyfrdEkdifrIonf taMumif;nDñGwfrS

jzpfEkdif&myg\[k avQmufxm;Muukef\/

&[ef;wkdY ...þOyrmtwlyif vltjzpfukd&jcif;onf taMumif;

nDñGwfrS jzpfEkdif\/ &[ef;wkdY ...þOyrmtwlyif avmuü ylaZmf

txl;ukd cH,lawmfrlxkdufaom tvkH;pkHaomw&m;wkdYukd ukd,fwkdif rSefpGm

odawmfrlaom or®morÁK'bk&m;&SifwkdY\ yGifhxGef;ay:aygufawmfrlvm

jcif;onf taMumif;nDñGwfrS jzpfEkdif\/ &[ef;wkdY ...avmuü jrwfpGm

ed'geuxm - rdwfqufvTm ! A

bk&m; a[mMum;awmfrlaom "r®0de, omoemawmf\ xGef;vif;

awmufyjcif;onf taMumif;nDñGwfrS jzpfEkdif\/

&[ef;wkdY ...xkdvlom;wpfOD;onf þuJhokdYcJ,Of;aom vlUtjzpf

ukdvnf; &&Sdae\/ avmuü ylaZmftxl;ukd cH,lawmfrlxkdufaom

tvkH;pkHaomw&m;wkdYukd ukd,fwkdif rSefpGmodawmfrlaom or®morÁK'¨

bk&m;&Sifonfvnf; yGifhxGef;ay:aygufawmfrlvm\/ avmuü jrwfpGm

bk&m;a[mMum;awmfrlaom "r®0de, omoemawmfonfvnf; xGef;

vif; awmufyvsuf &Sdae\/

&[ef;wkdY ...xkdaMumifh þomoemawmfü oifwkdYwpfawGonf-

þum; 'ku©t&d,opömw&m;wnf;[k odatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfyg?

þum; 'ku©ork',t&d,opömw&m;wnf;[k odatmif BudK;pm;

tm;xkwfyg? þum; 'ku©eda&m"t&d,opömw&m;wnf;[k odatmif

BudK;pm;tm;xkwfyg? þum; 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"okdY a&mufaMumif;usifhpOf

jzpfonhf r*¾t&d,opömw&m;wnf;[k odatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfyg/

(oH-3-398/)

þa'oemawmfrsm;ukd OD;xdyf&Gufyefqifvsuf a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfwpfOD;

taejzifh t&d,opömav;&yf w&m;jrwfwkdYukd xGif;azmufodjrifatmif

rnfokdYrnfykH usifh&rnf[laom usifhpOft&yf&yfwkdYukd tusOf;csKyfum

þusrf;pmi,fü a&;om;wifjyxm;ygonf/ xkdodkY a&;om;wifjy&mü

pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;ukd pHerlemxm;um usifhpOft&yf&yf

wkdYukd ñTefjyxm;ygonf/ þusrf;pmü a&;om;xm;aom taMumif;

t&mwkdYrSm pdwåoH,kwfüvm&dSaom taMumif;t&mwkdYukd OD;wnfum

xkdxkd ygVdawmf-t|uxm-#DumwkdYrS aumufEkwfcsuftcsKdUwkdYukdyg

xnfhoGif;um wifjyxm;ygonf/ pdwåol<u,fausmif;'g,umBuD;ESifh

qufpyfaeonfh taMumif;t&mrsm;ukd armfvNrdKifwuúokdvf "r®m½HkwGif

b ! pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf

vnf;aumif;ç armfvNrdKifNrdKU armifiH&yfwGifvnf;aumif;ç zm;atmuf

awm&wGifvnf;aumif;ç xkdxdkae&mwkdYwGifvnf;aumif; "r®ylZmtjzpf

tBudrfrsm;pGm a[mcJhzl;\/ ,if;okdY a[mMum;xm;aom w&m;t&yf&yf

wkdYukd pkaygif;um pmtkyftoGifjzifh jyifqifjznfhpGufum wifjyxm;yg

onf/ w&m;em,lolwkdY\ qE´t& w&m;a[maeonfh toGifjzifhom

a&;om;xm;ygonf/

toifolawmfaumif; taygif;wkdYonfvnf; ..

pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;\ usifhpOft&yf&yfwkdYukd MunfndK

o'¨g wkd;yGm;umjzifh twk,lum usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfEkdif

Muygapaom0f .../ usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfMuojzifh pdwå

ol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;uJhokdY opömav;&yf w&m;jrwfukd 0dyóem

ÓPf r*fÓPf zdkvfÓPfwdkYjzifh xkd;xGif;odjrifEkdifMuygapaom0f .../

!

zm;atmufawm&q&mawmfzm;atmufawm&q&mawmfzm;atmufawm&q&mawmfzm;atmufawm&q&mawmfzm;atmufawm&q&mawmf

pdwåvawmifausmif;?

zm;atmufawm&pBuøausmif;tkyfpk?

omoemawmfouú&mZf - 2546-ck?

aumZmouú&mZf - 1364-ck? uqkefvjynfhausmf (9)&uf? Ak'¨[l;aeY/

d d d

ed'geuxm - rdwfqufvTm ! r

]]earm wó b*0awm t&[awm or®morÁK'¨ó/]earm wó b*0awm t&[awm or®morÁK'¨ó/]earm wó b*0awm t&[awm or®morÁK'¨ó/]earm wó b*0awm t&[awm or®morÁK'¨ó/]earm wó b*0awm t&[awm or®morÁK'¨ó/}}

pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf

!

'DaeY a[mrnfhw&m;uawmh ...ç

oVm,we0*¾oH,kwfygVdawmfrSm vm&SdwJh

pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf jzpfygw,f/

xdkpdwåoH,kwfrSm okwåefaygif; (10) okwf vm&Sdygw,f/

'DokwåefawGuawmh emrnfausmfjzpfwJh

ausmif;'g,umBuD; pdwåol<u,fudk taMumif;jyKNyD;

jzpfay:vmwJh okwåefawG jzpfMuygw,f/

'DokwåefawGudk remMum;rD a&S;OD;pGm ..

&weokwfrSm bk&m;&Sifa[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJh

aEGvzGJU*gxmjzifh w&m;ed'gef;ysKd;MunfhMu&atmif .../

! 1

2 ] pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf

aEGvzGJU*gxm

0eyÜ*karÁ ,x zkódwa*¾?*drSmermao yXro®ð *darS/wxlyrH "r®0&H ta'o,d?edAÁme*gr ð y&rH [dwm,/£'rÜd Aka'¨ &weH yPDwH?{awe oapöe ok0w¬d a[mwk/

(ck-1-7? ck-1-314 - &weokwf/)

*drSmeH = aEGvwkdY\/

yXro® ð *darS = a&S;OD;tp aEGvjzpfaom/

rmao = pdMwrmo wefcl;vü/

zkódwa*¾ = yifvkH;uRwfyGifhaom cufzsm;pkH&Sdaom/

0eyÜ*karÁ = awmtkyfonf/

ood&Daum ,xm = toa& &SdvSbdouJhokdY/

wxlyrH = teufo'´g yef;pkHpGmjzifh a0qmjyefYajym xkdawmtkyfvQif ykHyrm&Sdaom/

edAÁme*gr ð = tNidrf;"mwfrSef jrwfedAÁmefokdY {uefxkwfacsmufa&mufjcif;\ taMumif;jzpfaom/

"r®0&H = okH;ykHyd#uwf w&m;jrwfa'oemawmfukd/

y&rH [dwm, = vl ewf jA[®m owå0gwkdY\ edAÁme"mwfwnf;[laom tjrwfqkH; tusKd;pD;yGm;csrf;omtvkdYiSm/

ta'o,d = u½kPm a&SUoGm; arwåmxm;í a[mMum;awmfrltyfcJhavNyD/

Aka' = okH;avmuxG#fxm; &Sifawmfjrwfbk&m;ü/

aEGvzGJU*gxm ] 3

£'rÜd &weH = þ jrwfEkd;zG,f&m &wemtjzpf odomzG,ft-aMumif; ESpfoufzG,f *kPfawmftaygif;onfvnf;/

yPDwH = xl;jrwfawmfrlvSygay\/

{awe oapöe = 0pDr*Fvm þopömpum;aMumifh/

wkrSmuH = oifw&m;emy&dowftaygif; olawmfaumif;wkdYtm;/ 0g?

ygPDeH = taygif;rsm;pGm owå0gwdkYtm;/

ok0w¬d = ab;&efukefuif; csrf;omat;jrjcif;onf/

a[mwk = rkcsraoG jzpfygapownf;/ / (om"k om"k om"k)

aEGvtcg yifvHk;uRwf yGifhaewJh cufzsm;pHk&SdwJh awmtkyfBuD;[mtoa&&SdouJhodkY bk&m;a[ma'oem yd#uwfoHk;yHkqdkwJh awmtkyfBuD;uvnf; teuf-o'´g ac:wJh yef;awGjzifh a0qmjyefYajymNyD; tvGefusufoa& &Sdw,f/ xdkyd#uwfoHk;&yf w&m;jrwfa'oemawmfudk bk&m;&Sifonf uRwfxdkufool ewf vl jA[®m a0ae,sMum owå0gwdkY&JUedAÁme"mwfvkdY ac:qdktyfwJh tjrwfqHk; tusKd;pD;yGm;csrf;omtvdkYiSma[mMum;xm;awmfrlcJhjcif; jzpfygw,faemf/

]] 'D rSefuefwJh opömpum;aMumifh (owå0gtaygif;wdkYonf ...)a0omvDjynfoljynfom; trSL;&SdaewJh owå0gtaygif;wdkYonf ...ab;&efukefuif; csrf;omat;jrjcif; jzpfMuygap ...}} qdkNyD;awmhopömjyKwJh *gxmwpfck jzpfygw,f/

'gaMumifh bk&m;&Sif&JU yd#uwfoHk;yHkrSm vm&SdwJh w&m;a'oemawmfawGonf vl ewf jA[®m owå0gwdkY&JU edAÁme"mwfwnf;[laom tjrwfqHk; tusKd;pD;yGm;csrf;omtwGuf OD;wnfNyD; bk&m;&Sifu a[mMum;xm;awmfrlw,fvdkY 'Dvdkawmh ,HkMunfxm;zdkY vdkygw,f/

g wu,fhtcGifhta&;

tcGif hta&; qdkwmuawmh . . .tcGif hta&; qdkwmuawmh . . .tcGif hta&; qdkwmuawmh . . .tcGif hta&; qdkwmuawmh . . .tcGif hta&; qdkwmuawmh . . .

&cJwJhoabm &Sdwwfygw,f/&cJwJhoabm &Sdwwfygw,f/&cJwJhoabm &Sdwwfygw,f/&cJwJhoabm &Sdwwfygw,f/&cJwJhoabm &Sdwwfygw,f/

ckvdk . .ckvd k . .ckvd k . .ckvd k . .ckvd k . .

lllll omoemawmfESif h awGUqHk&jcif;çomoemawmfESif h awGUqHk&jcif;çomoemawmfESif h awGUqHk&jcif;çomoemawmfESif h awGUqHk&jcif;çomoemawmfESif h awGUqHk&jcif;ç

lllll omoemawmfudkomoemawmfudkomoemawmfudkomoemawmfudkomoemawmfudk

ouf0if,HkMunfaewJh o'¨gw&m; xif&Sm;&S daejcif;çouf0if,HkMunfaewJh o'¨gw&m; xif&Sm;&S daejcif;çouf0if,HkMunfaewJh o'¨gw&m; xif&Sm;&S daejcif;çouf0if,HkMunfaewJh o'¨gw&m; xif&Sm;&S daejcif;çouf0if,HkMunfaewJh o'¨gw&m; xif&Sm;&S daejcif;ç

lllll bk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awmftay:übk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awmftay:übk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awmftay:übk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awmftay:übk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awmftay:ü

,HkMunfcsuf o'¨gw&m; xif&Sm;&S daejcif;ç,HkMunfcsuf o'¨gw&m; xif&Sm;&S daejcif;ç,HkMunfcsuf o'¨gw&m; xif&Sm;&S daejcif;ç,HkMunfcsuf o'¨gw&m; xif&Sm;&S daejcif;ç,HkMunfcsuf o'¨gw&m; xif&Sm;&S daejcif;ç

lllll oDv orm"d ynmqkdwJh odu©moHk;&yf tusif hjrwfawGudkoDv orm"d ynmqkdwJh odu©moHk;&yf tusif hjrwfawGudkoDv orm"d ynmqkdwJh odu©moHk;&yf tusif hjrwfawGudkoDv orm"d ynmqkdwJh odu©moHk;&yf tusif hjrwfawGudkoDv orm"d ynmqkdwJh odu©moHk;&yf tusif hjrwfawGudk

wpfenf;ajymvQifawmh . . .wpfenf;ajymvQifawmh . . .wpfenf;ajymvQifawmh . . .wpfenf;ajymvQifawmh . . .wpfenf;ajymvQifawmh . . .

jzLpifwJh oDvwnf;[laom ajray:rSm &yfwnfumjzLpifwJh oDvwnf;[laom ajray:rSm &yfwnfumjzLpifwJh oDvwnf;[laom ajray:rSm &yfwnfumjzLpifwJh oDvwnf;[laom ajray:rSm &yfwnfumjzLpifwJh oDvwnf;[laom ajray:rSm &yfwnfum

orm"dwnf;[laom jrwfaom ausmufzsmxufüorm"dwnf;[laom jrwfaom ausmufzsmxufüorm"dwnf;[laom jrwfaom ausmufzsmxufüorm"dwnf;[laom jrwfaom ausmufzsmxufüorm"dwnf;[laom jrwfaom ausmufzsmxufü

or®m'd|d ynmoefvsufudk jrjrxufatmif aoG;jcif;qdkwJhor®m'd|d ynmoefvsufudk jrjrxufatmif aoG;jcif;qdkwJhor®m'd|d ynmoefvsufudk jrjrxufatmif aoG;jcif;qdkwJhor®m'd|d ynmoefvsufudk jrjrxufatmif aoG;jcif;qdkwJhor®m'd|d ynmoefvsufudk jrjrxufatmif aoG;jcif;qdkwJh

orx-0dyóem bm0emawGudkorx-0dyóem bm0emawGudkorx-0dyóem bm0emawGudkorx-0dyóem bm0emawGudkorx-0dyóem bm0emawGudk

usif hEd kifwJh tcGif hta&;awG yGif hvef;vsuf&S djcif; . . pwJhusif hEd kifwJh tcGif hta&;awG yGif hvef;vsuf&S djcif; . . pwJhusif hEd kifwJh tcGif hta&;awG yGif hvef;vsuf&S djcif; . . pwJhusif hEd kifwJh tcGif hta&;awG yGif hvef;vsuf&S djcif; . . pwJhusif hEd kifwJh tcGif hta&;awG yGif hvef;vsuf&S djcif; . . pwJh

'Dvdk tcGif hta&;awG[m . . .'Dvdk tcGif hta&;awG[m . . .'Dvdk tcGif hta&;awG[m . . .'Dvdk tcGif hta&;awG[m . . .'Dvdk tcGif hta&;awG[m . . .

tvGef&cJwJhoabm &Sdygw,f/tvGef&cJwJhoabm &Sdygw,f/tvGef&cJwJhoabm &Sdygw,f/tvGef&cJwJhoabm &Sdygw,f/tvGef&cJwJhoabm &Sdygw,f/

'Dvkd . . . &cJwJh b0wpfckudk &&SdaewJh tcsdeftcgrsK d;rSm'Dvkd . . . &cJwJh b0wpfckudk &&SdaewJh tcsdeftcgrsK d;rSm'Dvkd . . . &cJwJh b0wpfckudk &&SdaewJh tcsdeftcgrsK d;rSm'Dvkd . . . &cJwJh b0wpfckudk &&SdaewJh tcsdeftcgrsK d;rSm'Dvkd . . . &cJwJh b0wpfckudk &&SdaewJh tcsdeftcgrsK d;rSm

rdrdwkd Y&JUoEÅmefrSm tvGef tqifhtwef; jrif hrm;aewJhrdrdwkd Y&JUoEÅmefrSm tvGef tqifhtwef; jrif hrm;aewJhrdrdwkd Y&JUoEÅmefrSm tvGef tqifhtwef; jrif hrm;aewJhrdrdwkd Y&JUoEÅmefrSm tvGef tqifhtwef; jrif hrm;aewJhrdrdwkd Y&JUoEÅmefrSm tvGef tqifhtwef; jrif hrm;aewJh

or®m'd|dÓPfynmtrsKd;rsK d;awGudk &&Sdatmif . . .or®m'd|dÓPfynmtrsKd;rsK d;awGudk &&Sdatmif . . .or®m'd|dÓPfynmtrsKd;rsK d;awGudk &&Sdatmif . . .or®m'd|dÓPfynmtrsKd;rsK d;awGudk &&Sdatmif . . .or®m'd|dÓPfynmtrsKd;rsK d;awGudk &&Sdatmif . . .BudK;pm;zd k Y vkdygw,f/BudK;pm;zd k Y vkdygw,f/BudK;pm;zd k Y vkdygw,f/BudK;pm;zd k Y vkdygw,f/BudK;pm;zd k Y vkdygw,f/

(pmrsufESm-16/)


tcef; (1)

wefzdk;&SdwJhb0wpfckjzpfatmif BudK;pm;yg

,ckvkd omoemawmfESifh awGUckduf MuHKcdkuf qHkckdufrSm rdrd&JUb0[mwefzdk;t&SdqHk; b0wpfck jzpfzdkYawmh tvGef ta&;BuD;ygw,f/ b0udkrufarmvGef;vdkY 'Dpum;ukd ajymaewmawmh r[kwfygbl;/ odkYaomfrdrdwdkYu b0udk tqHk;owfEdkifatmif oHo&m0#frS xGufajrmufaMumif;jzpfwJh ed,smeduw&m;aumif;awGudk 'Db0rSm atmifatmifjrifjrifusifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfEkdifvQifawmh taumif;qHk;ygyJ/ 'DBudK;yrf;rIuawmh bk&m;&Sif tESpfNcdKufqHk; vkyfief;&yfyJ jzpfygw,f/

'gayrJh b0wpfckudk tqHk;rowfEdkifao;vQifaomfvnf;aumif;çodkYr[kwf b0ukd tqHk;owfzkdY&eftwGuf BudK;pm;tm;xkwfaeqJjzpfvQifaomfvnf;aumif; bmawG vdktyfovJ¿ --

vdktyfwJh tcsufuawmh pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;wkdYvkdoDv-orm"d-ynm odu©moHk;&yf tusifhjrwfawGukd enf;rSefvrf;rSefpepfwus usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfzdkY vdktyfygw,f/ 'Dvkd

] 5


usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfwJhtydkif;rSm --

1/ b,fvkdvkyfief;&yfawGu aumif;wJh vkyfief;&yfawGvJ¿

2/ b,fvkdvkyfief;&yfawGu raumif;wJh vkyfief;&yfawGvJ¿

3/ b,fvkdw&m;awGukd ukodkvfvkdY ac:ovJ¿

4/ b,fvkdw&m;awGukd tukodkvfvkdY ac:ovJ¿

5/ tukodkvfw&m;awGudk usL;vGefcJhvQif b,fvdktjypf&SdovJ¿

6/ ukodkvfw&m;awGudk jznfhusifhcJhvQif b,fvkdtusKd;w&m;awGukd&&SdEkdifovJ¿ --

'DtaMumif;t&mawGuawmh Ak'¨bmom0if olawmfpifwkdY tav;*½kjyKum ½kdaoav;pm;pGmjzifh qnf;yl;oifhwJhç tajzukd &SmazGoifhwJhçtajzawGukd odoifh odxkduf odxm;oifhwJh taMumif;t&mawG jzpfMuygw,f/ 'DtaMumif;t&mawGESifh qufpyfaewJh *gxmwpfyk'fukd pwifemMum;MunfhMu&atmif .../

"r® ESifh t"r®

e [d "ar®m t"ar®m p? Oabm or0dygudaem/t"ar®m ed&,H aewd? "ar®m ygaywd ok*¾wð/

(Zmwu-1-357/ aewåd-157/)

"ar®m p ="ar®m p ="ar®m p ="ar®m p ="ar®m p = okp½dkuf q,fyg; olawmfw&m; (= ukodkvfw&m;)onfvnf;aumif;/ t"ar®m p = t"ar®m p = t"ar®m p = t"ar®m p = t"ar®m p = 'kp½dkuf q,fyg; rolawmfw&m; (= tukodkvfw&m;)onfvnf;aumif;/ Oabm = Oabm = Oabm = Oabm = Oabm = "r®-t"r® ESpf0ukefaomw&m;wkdYonf/ or0dygudaem or0dygudaem or0dygudaem or0dygudaem or0dygudaem ===== wlrQaom tusKd;w&m; &SdMuukefonf/e [d a[mEdÅ =e [d a[mEdÅ =e [d a[mEdÅ =e [d a[mEdÅ =e [d a[mEdÅ = rjzpfMuavukef/ t"ar®m = t"ar®m = t"ar®m = t"ar®m = t"ar®m = 'kp½dkuf q,fyg; rolawmfw&m; (= tukokdvfw&m;)onf/ ed&,H =ed&,H =ed&,H =ed&,H =ed&,H = i&JokdY/ aewd =aewd =aewd =aewd =aewd = a&mufatmif

wefzdk;&SdwJhb0wpfckjzpfatmif BudK;pm;yg ] 7

raoG ykdYaqmifwwfygay\/ "ar®m = "ar®m = "ar®m = "ar®m = "ar®m = okp½dkuf q,fyg; olawmfw&m;(= ukodkvfw&m;)onf/ ok*wð = ok*wð = ok*wð = ok*wð = ok*wð = vlewfedAÁmef oHk;wefblrd taumif;qHk;aom *wdodkY/ ygaywd = ygaywd = ygaywd = ygaywd = ygaywd = a&mufatmifraoG ykdYaqmifwwfygay\/

"r®ESifh t"r® ESpfrsKd;&Sdw,f/ 'kp½kduf q,fyg;ukdvnf; t"r®vkdY ac:w,f? tukodkvfw&m; tm;vHk;ukdvnf; t"r®vkdY ac:w,f/ okp½kdufq,fyg;ukdawmh "r®vkdY ac:w,f? ukodkvfw&m; tm;vHk;udkvnf; "r®vkdYac:ygw,f/

xdk "r®ESifht"r® ESpfrsKd;wkdY[m tusKd;ay;csif; wlnDrI b,fvkdrS r&Sdbl;vdkY 'D*gxmu qdkaew,f/ t"r®w&m;awGu i&Jukd a&mufatmifykdYaqmifay;wwfwJh oabm&Sdw,f? "r®w&m;awGu vl ewf edAÁmefoHk;wefaom csrf;omvkdY ac:qdktyfwJh taumif;qHk;aom *wdodkYa&mufatmif ykdYaqmifay;EkdifwJh pGrf;tm;&Sdw,f? pGrf;tm;csif; pGrf;tifcsif; wpfckESifhwpfck[m rwlnDMubl;/

'gaMumifh 'Dvkd "r®ESifht"r®wkdY&JU tusKd;ay;yHkcsif; rwlnDwJhtcsufukd'DaeY w&m;emy&dowfawG tav;teufxm;NyD; pOf;pm;zdkYawmh vkdw,f/bmaMumifhvJ¿ 'DaeY w&m;emaewJh y&dowfawGtm;vHk;[m wpfaeYrSmaoMu&rSmcsnf; jzpfMuygw,f/ oHo&mc&D; rqHk;Muao;bl;qkdvQifaoNyD;wJhaemufumvrSm b0wpfckudkawmh vufcH&awmhr,f/ tJ'DvkdvufcH&rnfh tcsdeftcgrSm -- i&J wd&pämef Nydwåm tol&um,f qkdwJhtyg,fav;bHkukdyJ rdrdwkdYu vufcHrvm;¿ odkYr[kwf vl ewf edAÁmefoHk;wefaom csrf;omvkdY ac:qkdtyfwJh taumif;qHk;aom *wdawGudkyJvufcHrvm;¿ 'Dtcsufudk ckaetcgrSm rdrdwkdYu BudKwifNyD; a&G;cs,f&r,f/ 'Dtcsdeftcg[m a&G;cs,fcGifh &Sdaeao;wJh tcsdeftcg jzpfw,f/

tu,fí tyg,fav;bHkqkdwJh tyg,fblrd 'k*¾wdudk tvdkr&Sdbl;?vl ewf edAÁmef oHk;wefaom csrf;omvkdY ac:qdktyfwJh taumif;qHk;aom


*wdawGukdom tvkd&Sdygw,fqkdvQifç vdkvm;awmifhwcJhw,fqkdvQif -okp½dkuf q,fyg; ukodkvfw&m;awGukd tajccHxm;wJh oDvusifhpOform"dusifhpOf ynmusifhpOfawGudk wu,fvufawGU jznfhusifhzkdY vkdtyfygw,f/

or®m'd|dÓPftjrif

okp½kduf q,fyg;xJrSm ta&;tBuD;qHk; okp½dkufwpfckuawmh 'd|K-ZkuwmvkdYac:qkdwJh ajzmifhrwfrSefuefwJh t,l0g'&Sdjcif;qdkwJh uH-uH&JUtusKd;ukd ouf0if,HkMunfum wwfodem;vnfaewJh ur®óuwmor®m'd|d jzpfygw,f/

yk*d¾Kvfwpfa,muf[m oDv-orm"d-ynmqkdwJh odu©moHk;&yf tusifhjrwfawGudk jzLjzLpifpif atmifatmifjrifjrif jznfhusifhcsifw,fqkdvQifuH-uH&JUtusKd;ukd ESpfESpfumum ouf0if,HkMunfum wwfodem;vnfaewJh ur®óuwm or®m'd|dÓPftjrifESifh jynfhpHkzdkYawmh vkdtyfygw,f/ ]]ukodkvfw&m;awGu aumif;usKd;udk ay;w,f? tukodkvfw&m;awGu raumif;usKd;ukd ay;w,f}}qkdwJh 'Doabmw&m;ukdawmh tenf;qHk; ESpfESpfumum vufcH,HkMunfwJh o'¨gw&m; jy"mef;wJh todÓPfor®m'd|d &SdzdkYawmh vkdtyfygw,f/

yxrykdif;rSmawmh - rdb q&morm; pwJh olawmfaumif; oljrwfavmif;wkdY&JU qdkqHk;rrIç bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;awmfrlwJh w&m;awmfawGudkavhvmoifMum;rIwdkYjzihf oifod-Mum;od taeESifh uH-uH&JUtusKd;ukdvufcH,HkMunf&rSm jzpfw,f/ odkYaomf oifod-Mum;od tqifhwGif &yfwnfraebJ usifhodtqifhtxda&mufatmif wpfqihfwufum BudK;yrf;&rSm jzpfygw,f/ 'DuH-uH&JUtusKd;ukd usifhodac:wJh todrsKd;&&Sdatmifolawmfaumif;wpfOD;u bmawGudkodatmif usifh&rvJvkdY ar;vQifa&S;OD;pGm ...


pwkopöor®m'd|d

1/ 'ku©opömw&m;awGudk odatmif usifh&r,f/

2/ ork',opömw&m;awGudk odatmif usifh&r,f/

3/ ork',opömaMumifh 'ku©opömjzpfyHkukd odatmif usifh&r,f/

'Dvdk odatmifusifhwJhtykdif;rSm yxrykdif;rSmawmh oifod-Mum;odvkdYac:qdktyfwJh tm*rokwtaeESifhyJ odatmif BudK;pm;&ygw,f/ 'Dtm*rokwukd tajccHNyD;awmhrS t"d*rokwac:wJh usifhodtqifhudka&muf&Sdatmif BudK;pm;&ygw,f/ 'Dvkd t"d*rokwac:wJh usifhodtaeESifh odwJhtykdif;udk or®m'd|dvkdY ac:qdkygw,f/ 0dyóemor®m'd|dÓPfuvnf; 'D'ku©opömw&m; ork',opömw&m;awGudk xkd;xGif;odygw,f/r*¾or®m'd|dac:wJh t&d,r*fÓPfuvnf; 'D'ku©opömw&m; ork',opömw&m;awGudk xkd;xGif;odygw,f/ 'Dvdk xdk;xGif;odwJh or®m'd|dÓPftaMumif;ukd xyfNyD; ajymMu&atmif .../

bk&m;&Sifu r[mowdy|meokwåefrSm or®m'd|dudk (4)rsKd; cJGjcm;NyD;awmh a[mMum;xm;awmfrlcJhygw,f/ --

uwrm p bdu©a0 or®m'd|d/ ,H acg bdu©a0 'kau© ÓPH?'ku©ork'a, ÓPH? 'ku©eda&ma" ÓPH? 'ku©eda&m"*grded,m y#dy'g,ÓPH/ t,H 0kpöwd bdu©a0 or®m'd|d/ (r-1-88/)

]]&[ef;wkdY ...or®m'd|d[lonf tb,fenf;¿ &[ef;wkdY ...

1/ 'ku©opömü odaomÓPfç

2/ 'ku©jzpfaMumif; ork',opömü odaomÓPfç

3/ 'ku©csKyfaMumif; 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"opömü odaomÓPfç

4/ 'ku©csKyf&meda&m"odkY a&mufaMumif;usifhpOf r*¾opömü odaomÓPf

þ (4)rsKd;aom todÓPfudk or®m'd|d[k ac:qdktyf\/}} --


'Dvdk bk&m;&Sifu a[mMum;xm;awmfrlcJhygw,f/ 'Dor®m'd|dÓPfav;rsKd;udkawmh pwkopöor®m'd|dvkdY ac:qkdygw,f/ 'Dpwkopöor®m'd|d[mvnf; avmuDpwkopöor®m'd|d avmukwå&mpwkopöor®m'd|dqdkNyD;ESpfqifh&Sdaeygw,f/ avmuD0dyóemÓPfESifhvnf; opömav;yg;udkxkd;xGif;odygw,f? 0dyóemor®m'd|d odkYr[kwf avmuDpwkopöor®m'd|djzpfygw,f/ avmukwå&m t&d,r*fw&m;uvnf; opömav;yg;ukdxkd;xGif;odygw,f? avmukwå&mpwkopöor®m'd|dvkdY ac:qdkygw,f/

a,m*Dyk*d¾Kvfu - avmukwå&mpwkopöor®m'd|dÓPfudk &&Sda&;twGuf avmuDpwkopöor®m'd|dÓPfudk &&Sdatmif yxr BudK;pm;&ygw,f/ 'Dvdk BudK;pm;wJhtykdif;rSm a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu ckajymrnfh or®m'd|dtrsKd;rsKd;awGudk tqifhqifh&atmif BudK;pm;&rSm jzpfygw,f/ tMurf;pm;taeESifh 'Dor®m'd|dawGudk cJGwrf;csvkdufvQif tqifh (5)qifh &Sdaeygw,f/

ur®óuwmor®m'd|d

1/ eHygwfwpf or®m'd|duawmh Ak'¨bmom0if olawmfpifwkdif;rSmwnf&Sd&rnfh uH-uH&JUtusKd;udk vufcH,HkMunfwJh wwfodem;vnfwJhur®óuwmor®m'd|d jzpfygw,f/ yxqifhtaeESifhawmh oifodtqifhjzpfygw,f/ rdb q&morm; ponfwkdY&JU oGefoifjyorIukd tajccHumvufcH,HkMunfxm;wJh wwfodem;vnfaewJh ur®óuwmor®m'd|djzpfygw,f/

psmeor®m'd|d

2/ tJ'Duae aemufwpfqifhwufvkdufawmh psmeor®m'd|d jzpfygw,f/ Oypm&orm"dvkdY ac:qkdwJh Oypm&psmefudkyJjzpfjzpfç tyÜemorm"dvkdYac:qkdwJh tyÜempsmefudkyJjzpfjzpf 'DpsmefESpfrsKd;wdkYwGif wpfrsKd;rsKd;aom psmefudk odkYr[kwf ESpfrsKd;vHk;aom psmefwdkYudk rdrdwkdYu &&Sdatmif


BudK;pm;&r,f/ bmaMumifh 'DpsmefawGukd &&Sdatmif BudK;pm;&ovJ¿bk&m;&Sif a[mawmfrlwJh 'ku©opömw&m; ork',opömw&m; qkdwJhy&rwftppfjzpfwJh ½kyfw&m; emrfw&m;awG[m orm"d&SdrS odEdkifvkdYjzpfygw,f/ 'Dvkd psmefawGudk &&Sdatmif BudK;pm;vkdufwJhtykdif;rSm 'Dpsmeft*FgawGESifh ,SOfwJGNyD; jzpfay:aewJh or®m'd|dÓPfynmudk psmeor®m'd|dvdkY ac:ygw,f/ odyfNyD; tvGefBuD; tqifhrjrifhao;wJh or®m'd|dwpfrsKd; jzpfygw,f/

0dyóemor®m'd|d

3/ 'Duae aemufwpfqifh wufvkdufawmh 0dyóemor®m'd|d jzpfw,f/ 'ku©opömtrnf&wJh Oyg'geu©E¨mig;yg; (= ½kyfw&m;emrfw&m;)awGudk [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm odwJh or®m'd|dç 'ku©jzpfaMumif; ork',opömw&m;awGudk [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm xkd;xGif;odwJh or®m'd|d - 'DESpfrsKd;aomor®m'd|dÓPfudk a&S;OD;pGm a,m*Dyk*d¾Kvfu &atmif BudK;pm;&w,f/

'D 'ku©opömw&m; ork',opömw&m;awG[m 0dyóemÓPf&JUt½IcHtm½HkawG jzpfMuygw,f/ 'D'ku©opömw&m;pkawGxJrSm txufu ajymcJhwJh psmefw&m;awGvnf; yg0ifMuygw,f/ 'D 'ku©opömw&m;ork',opömw&m;awGudk qkdif&mqkdif&m taMumif;w&m;awGu jyKjyifay;rS jzpfay:vm&wJh w&m;awGjzpfvkdY ocFg&w&m;vkdY ac:ygw,f/

'DocFg&w&m;awGudkvnf; bk&m;&Sifu ]]oaAÁ ocFg&m 'ku©m}}-ponfjzifh 'ku©jzpfaMumif;ukd a[mMum;xm;awmfrlcJhygw,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ 'DocFg&w&m;awGrSm jzpfjcif;-ysufjcif; 'Pfcsufjzifh tjrJrjywfn§Of;yef;ESdyfpufcHae&wJh Zmwd'ku©-r&P'ku©awGu wef;vef; &SdaeMuw,f/ 'gaMumifh a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu 'DocFg&w&m;awG&JU tedpöoabm-'ku©oabm-tewåoabmawGukd odatmif wpfqifhwufNyD; BudK;pm;&w,f/ 'DocFg&w&m;awG&JU tedpötcsuf-'ku©tcsuf-tewåtcsuf


awGudk xkd;xGif;odaewJh or®m'd|du 0dyóemor®m'd|d jzpfygw,f/

'D0dyóemor®m'd|dESifhwuG twl,SOfwJG jzpfMuwJh or®m0g,mr-or®mowd-or®morm"dqdkwJh orm"dr*¾ifoHk;yg;ç or®m'd|d-or®mouFyÜqkdwJh ynmr*¾if ESpfyg;wkdYu avmuDr*¾opömw&m;rsm; jzpfMuygw,f/'Dr*¾opömw&m;awG&JU tedpötcsuf-'ku©tcsuf-tewåtcsufudkvnf;odatmif wpfzef jyefNyD;awmh 0dyóem ½I&ygw,f/ ]y#d0dyóem}vkdYac:ygw,f/ tJ'D tcsdeftcgrSm a,m*Dyk*d¾Kvfu avmuDr*¾opömukdwpfzefjyefNyD; xkd;xGif;odygw,f/

aemufwpfckuawmh avmuD0dyóemÓPfESifh xdk;xGif;odtyfwJheda&m"opöm jzpfygw,f/ a,m*Dyk*d¾Kvfu O',AÁ,ÓPfydkif; a&mufwJhtcg t0dZÆm-wPSm-Oyg'gef-ocFg&-uH qkdwJh ork',opömw&m;awGxif&Sm;jzpfjcif;aMumifh tusKd;cE¨mig;yg; 'ku©opömw&m;wdkY&JU xif&Sm;jzpfyHkukd odjrifatmif ½I&ovkd t0dZÆm-wPSm-Oyg'gef-ocFg&-uHqkdwJhork',opöm taMumif;w&m;awGu t&[wår*faMumifh aemifwpfzefrjzpfaomcsKyfjcif;vkdY ac:qkdtyfwJh tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifhcsKyfNidrf;oGm;wJhtcg tusKd;cEmig;yg; 'ku©opömw&m;wdkYvnf; y&dedAÁmepkwdukd aemufqHk;xm;NyD;awmh aemifwpfzef rjzpfaom csKyfjcif;vkdY ac:qdkwJh tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;oGm;yHkudkvnf; 0dyóemor®m'd|dÓPfjzifh jrifatmif ½I&ygw,f/

'Dvdk taMumif;w&m;wkdY&JUcsKyfjcif;aMumifh tusKd;w&m;wkdY&JUcsKyfNidrf;yHkudk ½IjrifwwfwJh ÓPfudk ]ypö,awm 0,'óeÓPf}vkdY ac:qdkygw,f/ 'D ypö,awm 0,'óeÓPfaMumifh a,m*Dyk*¾dKvf&JU ÓPfrSmeda&m"opömw&m;[m xif&Sm;vmygw,f/ (0dok'd-2-267/) -- taMumif;w&m;awGu aemifwpfzefrjzpfaom csKyfjcif;vkdY ac:qkdtyfwJh tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;oGm;wJhtwGuf taMumif;w&m;&SdwJhtusKd;w&m;awG&JU aemifwpfzefrjzpfaom csKyfjcif;vkdY ac:qdktyfwJh


tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;yHkudk ypö,awm 0,'óeÓPfvkdY ac:qdkwJh 0dyóemor®m'd|dÓPfESifh udk,fwkdifrsufarSmufxGif;azmufodjrifaewJhtwGufaMumifh jzpfygw,f/

'Dtydkif;rSmvnf; 'Dvkd eda&m"opömudk odaewJh 0dyóemor®m'd|dOD;aqmifwJh r*¾ifw&m;udk,fawG[mvnf; avmuDr*¾opömw&m; jzpfMuygw,f/ 'DavmuDr*¾opömw&m;awGukdvnf; wpfzef jyefNyD;awmh0dyóem½I&ygw,f/ bmaMumifhvJqdkawmh 'DavmuDr*¾opömw&m;awG[mvnf; jzpfjcif;-ysufjcif; 'Pfcsufjzifh tn§Of;yef; tESdyfpufcHae&wJh 'ku©opömw&m;awGom jzpfaomaMumifh jzpfygw,f/

r*¾or®m'd|d

4/ 'D0dyóemÓPfwkdY&JUtqHk;rSm tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwf edAÁmefw&m;awmfjrwfBuD;udk xkd;xGif;odum rsufarSmufjyKum jzpfay:vmwJht&d,r*fÓPfudk r*¾or®m'd|dvkdY ac:qdkygw,f/ tJ'Dr*¾or®m'd|dESifh,SOfwGJaewJh r*¾ifw&m;udk,f (8)yg;u avmukwå&mr*¾opömw&m;awGjzpfMuygw,f/ xkdavmukwå&m r*¾opömw&m;wkdY&JU tm½HkjzpfwJh tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwf edAÁmefw&m;awmfjrwfBuD;uawmh avmukwå&meda&m"opöm w&m;awmfjrwfBuD; jzpfygw,f/

'Davmukwå&m t&d,r*fw&m;ac:wJh r*¾opömw&m;u eda&m"opöm edAÁmefw&m;awmfjrwfBuD;udk tm½HkjyKum xdkedAÁmefw&m;awmfjrwfBuD;&JU tat;"mwf tNidrf;"mwf t&Sdeft0gowådxl;BuD;&JU tultnDukd&,lNyD; opömav;yg;ukd rodatmif zHk;vTrf;xm;wJh arm[udk y,f&Sm;vkdufygw,f/ 'gaMumifh avmukwå&mr*¾opömjzpfwJh t&d,r*fw&m;ueda&m"opöm edAÁmefw&m;awmfjrwfBuD;udk tm&r®Py#da0"oabmtm;jzifh tm½Hkwkduf½kduf rsufarSmufjyKum xkd;xGif;odw,f/ 'ku©opömork',opöm r*¾opömw&m;awGudkawmh rodatmif zHk;vTrf;xm;wJh


arm[udk y,f&Sm;aomtm;jzihf xkd;xGif;odw,f/ 'DvdkodrIrsKd;udkawmhudpöod'¨dtm;jzihf xkd;xGif;odjcif;vkdY ac:qkdygw,f? ygVdvdk toar®m[y#da0"vkdY ac:qkdygw,f/

zvor®m'd|d

5/ aemufor®m'd|duawmh t&d,r*fÓPf (= t&d,r*¾or®m'd|d)&JU aemufrSm tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwf edAÁmefw&m;awmfjrwfBuD;ukdyifvQif tm½Hk,lum qufvufjzpfay:vmwJh zvor®m'd|d jzpfygw,f?t&d,r*faMumifh &&SdwJh tusKd; or®m'd|d jzpfygw,f? avmukwå&mor®m'd|dyJ jzpfygw,f/

ckajymcJhwJh ig;rsKd;aom or®m'd|dawG[m owå0gwpfOD;udk tvGeftqifhtwef; jrifhrm;aewJh b0awGudk a&muf&Sdatmifvnf; ykdYaqmifay;EdkifwJh pGrf;tm;&SdMuw,f? edAÁmefudk a&muf&Sdatmifvnf; ykdYaqmifay;EkdifwJh pGrf;tm;awG &SdMuw,f/

tu,fí 'Dor®m'd|d[m aomwmywådr*fÓPftqifhrSm &SdaewJhor®m'd|djzpfcJhr,fqdkvQif xdkor®m'd|dÓPftjrifESifh jynfhpHkaewJh olawmfaumif;wpfOD;&JU 'Dor®m'd|dÓPfu tyg,fav;bHkrS uGif;vHk;uRwftNyD;wdkif uRwfatmif vGwfatmif xkwfaqmif u,fwifay;EkdifwJhpGrf;tm; &Sdaew,f/ vlUjynf ewfjynf jA[®mhjynfqkdwJh txufwef;uswJhbkHb0awGrSmom jzpfEkdifcGifh &Sdawmhw,f/

tu,fí ou'g*grdr*fÓPfqdkwJh r*¾or®m'd|d jzpfcJhr,fqdkvQifumrbHkrSm wpfBudrfom y#doaE¨tm;jzihf vmjzpfcGifh &Sdawmhw,f/

tu,fí tem*grdr*fÓPfqdkwJh r*¾or®m'd|d jzpfcJhr,fqdkvQif 'Dtem*grdr*¾or®m'd|dESifh jynfhpHkaewJh olawmfaumif;[m b,fawmhrSumrbHkukd y#doaEtm;jzifh jyefvmjcif;oabm r&Sdawmhbl;? umrbHkrS


uGif;vHk;uRwf vGwfajrmufoGm;NyD/ tu,fí tJ'D tem*grf olawmfaumif;twGuf b0qdkwm xif&Sm;&Sdaeao;w,fqdkvQif umr&m*-a'go-£óm-rpä&d,pwJh tukodkvfw&m;qdk;awG uif;aewJh tvGefYtvGef txufwef;uswJh jA[®mhjynfrSmom usifvnf&NyD; xdkjA[®mhjynfrSmyJ t&[wåzdkvfudk qdkufum b0udk tqHk;owf&rnfh olawmfaumif;wpfOD; jzpfygw,f/

'Dxuf tqifhjrifhwJh t&[wår*fÓPfqdkwJh t&[wår*¾or®m'd|djzpfcJhr,fqdkvQifawmh (31)bHktwGif;ü aemufxyfwpfzef y#doaE wnfae&wJh'ku©ç tdk&wJh'ku©ç em&wJh'ku©ç ao&wJh'ku© tp&SdwJh oHo&m0#fqif;&J 'ku©t00rS uGif;vHk;uRwf vGwfajrmufoGm;NyD jzpfw,f/aemufxyfwpfzef y#doaE¨ wnfae&jcif; Zmwdab;qdk;BuD;rS vGwfNyD?tdkab;qkd;BuD;rS vGwfNyD? emab;qkd;BuD;rS vGwfNyD? aoab;qkd;BuD;rSvGwfNyD/

'gaMumifh 'Dor®m'd|dÓPfynmawG[m owå0gwpfOD;udk qif;&J'ku©trsKd;rsKd;rS wpfqifhNyD;wpfqifh xkwfaqmif u,fwifoGm;rSm jzpfwJhtwGuf qif;&J'ku©t00rS uRwfvkd vGwfvkdaewJh olawmfaumif; rSefcJhvQifç edAÁmefcsrf;om txG#fwyfxm;wJh csrf;omokc t00udk tm;&yg;&BuD; cHpm; pHpm;vkdwJh olawmfaumif;rSefcJhvQif 'Db0rSm 'Dor®m'd|dÓPfynmawGukd &&Sdatmif BudK;pm;xm;zdkY vkdygw,f/

tcGifhta&; qdkwmuawmh &cJwJhoabm &Sdwwfygw,f/ ckvdk ..omoemawmfESifh awGUqHk&jcif;ç omoemawmfudk ouf0if,HkMunfaewJho'¨gw&m; xif&Sm;&Sdaejcif;ç bk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awmftay:ü ,HkMunfcsuf o'gw&m; xif&Sm;&Sdaejcif;ç oDv orm"d ynmqkdwJh odu©moHk;&yftusifhjrwfawGudk wpfenf;ajymvQifawmh jzLpifwJh oDvwnf;[laomajray:rSm &yfwnfum orm"dwnf;[laom jrwfaom ausmufzsmxufü or®m'd|d ynmoefvsufudk jrjrxufatmif aoG;jcif; - qdkwJh


orx-0dyóem bm0emawGudk usifhEdkifwJhtcGifhta&;awG yGifhvef;vsuf&Sdjcif; pwJh 'DvkdtcGifhta&;awG[m tvGef&cJwJhoabm &Sdygw,f/'Dvkd &cJwJh b0wpfckudk &&SdaewJhtcsdeftcgrsKd;rSm rdrdwkdY&JUoEÅmefrSmtvGeftqifhtwef; jrifhrm;aewJh or®m'd|dÓPfynmtrsKd;rsKd;awGudk&&Sdatmif BudK;pm;zdkY vkdygw,f/

tu,fí 'Dor®m'd|dÓPfawGudk &&Sdatmif rBudK;pm;bJ ]]ykdaejrJusm;aejrJ}} yHkpHtwdkif; aecJhr,fqdkvQif bmjzpfrvJ¿ refvnfq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;u qdkqHk;rxm;w,f/ --

AmvtrI 'kp&dw[lonfonf;csmom;vS? oabmusavmh ...AmvtrI? 'kp&dw? 'kur®jzifh?

ygyravsmf? rolawmfum;? aeaomf aerSm;? oGm;aomf oGm;qdk;? raumif;usKd;wnfh? BudK;okdYvnf;Nid? ab;omxd&Sifh? jyKrdorQ? tjypf&cJh/ --

(rCa'0-pmydk'f-281/)

vlrdkufwpfOD;[m raumif;wJh 'kp½kdufrIawGrSm arGUavsmfaysmfykdufNyD;tESpfNcdKufBuD; ESpfNcdKufaew,f/ eHygwf-zdk; (4) pJGaewJh yHkpHrsKd; jzpfw,f/tJ'Dvdk 'kp½dkufawGrSm arGUavsmf aysmfykduf ESpfNcdKuf cHkrifaewJhtwGufbmjzpfvmovJ¿ twdwfu jyKpkysKd;axmifxm;cJhwJh tusKd;ay;csifaewJhraumif;rI tukodkvfuHawGqdkwm owå0gwdkif;vkdvkdrSm tenf;ESifhtrsm;awmh &SdwwfMuw,f? xdktukodkvfuHawGuvnf; tusKd;ay;zdkY&ef tcGifhomvmwwfwJh oabm&Sdw,f/

Oyrm - &Gmwpf&GmrSm &GmcHjzpfaewJh olckd;-"m;jyawGu odyfNyD;tm;aumif;aevQif ab;ywf0ef;usif&GmawGu olckd;"m;jyrsm;[mvnf;'D&Gmudk 0ifa&mufvmzkdY&eftwGuf tvGef vG,fulovkdyJ? yk*d¾Kvfwpfa,mufu raumif;rI tukodkvf 'kp½kdufawGudk oGufoGufvufvufESifhusL;vGefaew,fqkdvQif olUoEÅmefrSm tukodkvf 'kp½dkufawGu ae&m


awmfawmf cyfrsm;rsm; ,lxm;NyD;NyD/ 'Dvdk vufoGufoGuf ajcoGufoGufvnfvnfy,fy,f yg;yg;eyfeyf tukokdvf'kp½dkufawGudk vGefusL;aewJhyk*d¾Kvf&JUoEÅmefrSm twdwfb0 oHo&mxkdxkdu jyKpkysKd;axmifxm;cJhwJhraumif;wJh tukodkvfuHawGu tusKd;ay;zkdY&eftwGuf tcGifhtvrf;omaeNyD jzpfw,f/ ypöKyÜef tukodkvf'kp½dkufawGu twdwftukodkvfuHukd cyfjrefjref vma&muf tusKd;ay;zkdY&ef vufwGJac:,laeovkdwHwm;cif;ay;aeMuNyD? ]]vmyg vmyg}}vdkY BudKqdkaeovkd jzpfaeMuNyD/

'Dvkd tukodkvfuHawGu tusKd;ay;zkdY&ef tcGifhtvrf; omaewJhtwGuf bmjzpfvmovJ¿ b,fae&mudkyJoGm;oGm; aumif;wJhtm½HkESifhrawGU&wwfbl;? raumif;wJh tm½HkawGESifhom awGU& MuHK& qHk&wwfw,f? tvkdr&Sdtyf rjrwfEkd;tyf rESpfouftyfwJh tm½HktrsKd;rsKd;awGuwef;pDum zdwfac: BudKqdkaewwfw,f? b,fae&mukdyJoGm;oGm; aumif;wJh tusKd;w&m;awGudk rawGU&wwfbl;? raumif;wJh tvkdr&SdtyfwJhrESpfouf rjrwfEkd;tyfwJh tm½HkawGESifhom aygif;azmf,SOfwGJ rSD0Jae&wwfw,f/ tvm;wlyJ - b,fae&mrSmyJaeae tvkdr&Sdtyf rjrwfEkd;tyf rESpfouftyfwJh raumif;usKd;awGESifh awGU& MuHK& cH& pH&wwfw,f? tvdk&Sdtyf ESpfouftyf jrwfEkd;tyfwJh aumif;usKd;csrf;om r*FvmawGESifh ta0;BuD; a0;um tuGmBuD; uGmaewwfw,f/

b,fae&mrSmyJaeae b,fae&mudkyJoGm;oGm; raumif;usKd;trsKd;rsKd;ab;'ku© ab;tEÅ&m,f trsKd;rsKd;awGu BudK;ESifhcsnfxm;ovkd Nidaewwfw,f/ ab;'ku©trsKd;rsKd;ESifh tjrJwrf; &ifqdkifwkd;ae&wwfw,f/bmaMumifhvJ¿ 'kp½kdufqkdwmu olwpfyg;udk qif;&J'ku©a&mufapwwfwJh vkyfief;&yfawGom jzpfw,f/ wpfcsdefu 'kp½kdufawGudk rdrdvGefusL;cJhpOfu olwpfyg;awGukd qif;&J'ku©a&mufapovdkyJ 'D'kp½dkufuHawGu&ifhusufvmvkdY tusKd;ay;wJhtcg 'DuHawGu qif;&J'ku©trsKd;rsKd; ab;'ku©trsKd;rsKd; ab;tEÅ&m,ftoG,foG,fwkdYudk wef;pDum wpfckNyD;wpfck


jzpfapwwfw,f/ 'gaMumifh rdrd&JU jyKjyKorQ um,uHrI 0pDuHrIawG[mvnf; tm;vHk;vkdvkd tjypfawGcsnf; jzpfaewwfygw,f/ 'gaMumifhwpfcgwpf&H aumif;wmjyKaomfvnf; aumif;usKd;awGudk rawGU&ao;bJqdk;usKd;awGudkom awGUae&wwfygw,f/ ]uHqdk;r oGm;&m rdk;vdkufvkdY&Gm}qkdwJh udef;rsKd; qdkufaewwfw,f/

'gaMumifh - 'D AmvtrIvkdY ac:qdkwJh raumif;rI 'kp½kdufawGrSmarGUavsmf aysmfykduf ESpfNcdKufaewhJ pdwfxm;ukd 'Db0rSm rdrdwkdYu jyKjyifajymif;vJay;wwfzdkY vkdygw,f/ 'Dvdk jyKjyifajymif;vJrIqdkwmu 'ge-oDv-orx-0dyóem tpjzmwJh ukodkvfq,fck jrwfaumif;rIawGudktjyif;txef BudK;pm;tm;xkwfjcif;jzifhom jyKjyifajymif;vJay;&rSmjzpfw,f/ 'Dvkd jyKjyifajymif;vJrI r&SdbJ 'kp½kdufrIawGESifhom oHo&mc&D;udk qufvufNyD; vrf;ovm;aeMur,fqdkvQif bmjzpfrvJ¿ --

wefcdk;ay:xif ukodkvf&Sif

wefcdk;ay:xif? ukodkvf&SifrS? vlwGifrn§dK;? pnf;pdrfNzdK;\/ usifh½kd;t&Sd?vrf;rSef odavmh? avmuD csrf;om? aemifzdkY &Smonfh? ynm&Sdaygif;?oljrwfaumif;wkdY? ESpfaxmif;0rf;om? jyKtyfpGm&Sifh? vlU&Gmaemufaemif?MuHwkdif;atmifvdrfh? om;armifoufESif;? usifhrysif;ESifh? aMumif;&if;Mur®m?uHrygvQif? MuH&mrNyD;? tcsnf;ESD;jzifh? ysufpD;wwfpGm? rcRwf&mwnfh?uvsmPm-uvsmP? usifhur®jzifh? yknç ygy? udpötrI? cJGa0½Iaomf?tukodkvfç ukokdvf? ESpfckukdvnf;? rjyKvkdcJ? jyKvdk&J\/ uHrGJ rajymif?uH raqmifvQif? *kPfa&mif rvS? rxGef;ybl;? 'ku©vlUabmif? qif;&Jacgifvdrfh? usifhaqmifr,kwf? apmifhukd,fEIwfESifh? OykofjA[®? p&d,vnf;?umvtpOf? tjrJ,SOfavmh? zJMuOfapwem? wpfnpmjzifh? t*Fgrysuf?aeYwpf0ufrQ? usKd;pufvGefatmif? rif;jzpfaqmif\/

(rCa'0-pmykd'f-289/)


'ge-oDv-orx-0dyóem tpjzmonfh ukodkvfw&m;jzifh rdrdwkdY&JUpdwf"mwfudk xHkrTrf;xm;wJh ukodkvf&SifawGrSm wefckd;ay:xifw,f/vlUb0wGif nd§K;EGrf;rI r&SdbJ pnf;pdrfOpömwkdYjzifh NzdK;a0<u,f0NyD;omae&rSmjzpfw,f/ 'ge-oDv-orx-0dyóem tpjzmwJh 'DusifhpOfawG[m bk&m;tp&SdwJh ynm&Sdtaygif; olawmfaumif; oljrwfavmif;wdkYESpfaxmif;tm;&pGm 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om vkdufemjyKusifhwJh usifh½kd;vrf;rSefjzpfw,f/ aemiftem*wf0,f avmuDcsrf;om avmukwå&mcsrf;omqdkwJh csrf;omt00awGudk &&SdzdkY&ef vrf;½kd;vrf;rSefBuD; jzpfw,f/

]]aMumif;&if;Mur®m? uHrygvQif? MuH&mrNyD;? tcsnf;ESD;jzifh? ysufpD;wwfpGm? rcRwf&mwnfh?}}

twdwfu jyKpkysKd;axmifcJhwJh tusKd;ay;zkdY&ef tcgtcGifh oifhaewJhukodkvfuHuav;uvnf; odyfNyD;awmh tm;aysmhoGm;NyD? 'grSr[kwfvnf;r&Sdawmhbl;? ukefcef;oGm;NyD/ tJ'DtcsdeftcgrSm bmukdyJ MuHMuH? rdrdvkdwJhtusKd;[m rNyD;rpD;bJ &Sdwwfw,f/ bmjzpfvkdYvJ¿ ypöKyÜefrSm 'kp½kdufawGudkom avhvmvdkufpm;rI rsm;jym;aewJh 'Dyk*d¾KvftzdkY twdwfuukodkvfuHu tusKd;ay;zdkY&ef tcgtcGifh roifhawmhbl;/ 'grSr[kwfvnf;tusKd;ay;aewJh twdwfukokdvfuH&JU t&Sdeft0gawGu ukefcef;oGm;NyDqdkvQifç aemufxyf tusKd;ay;rnfh ukokdvfuHuvnf; tcgtcGifh roifhao;bl;qdkvQif raumif;wJh tukodkvfuHu tusKd;ay;zdkY&ef raumif;usKd;awG 0ifvmzdkY&ef tcefYoifh jzpfaewwfw,f/ {nfha*[mawGu{nfhonfudk zdwfac:aeovkd jzpfwwfw,f/ 'gaMumifh --

]]aMumif;&if;Mur®m? uHrygvQif? MuH&mrNyD;? tcsnf;ESD;jzifh? ysufpD;wwfpGm? rcRwf&mwnfh? uvsmPm-uvsmP? usifhur®jzifh? yknç ygy?udpötrI? cJGa0½Iaomf? tukodkvfç ukokdvf? ESpfckukdvnf;? rjyKvkdcJ? jyKvkd&J\/}}


ukodkvf tukodkvfwdkY&JU oabmu 'D ukokdvf tukokdvfwkdYudk rjyKcsifbl;qdkvQifvnf; jyKvkyfzkdY&ef tifrwef cJ,Of;aewwfwJhoabm &Sdw,f/ 'if;wkdYudk jyKcsifvmNyD qdkvdkY&SdvQifvnf; ukodkvfudkyJjzpfjzpfç tukodkvfukdyJjzpfjzpf jyKvkyfzdkY&ef tvGefvG,fulwJhoabm &Sdw,f/ &J&J0Hh0HhjyKjzpfvmw,f/

]]uHrGJ rajymif? uH raqmifvQif? *kPfa&mif rvS? rxGef;ybl;? 'ku©vlUabmif? qif;&Jacgifvdrfh?}}

tusKd;ay;aewJh ukodkvfuHawGu tm;r&SdawmhvkdY txufudk jr§ifhwifay;EdkifwJh pGrf;tifawG r&SdMuawmhbl;qdkvQif *kPfa&mifawGvnf;rvSawmhbl;? wjznf;jznf; usqif;oGm;NyD/

wcsKdUyk*d¾KvfawGqkdvQif twdwfu ukodkvfuH t&Sdeft0gaMumifh vljzpfvm&aomfvnf; 'D ukodkvfuH t&Sdeft0gawGu avsmhoGm;NyDqkdvQiftouft&G,f BuD;&ifhwJh tcsdeftcgusrS pD;yGm;a&;awG om;a&;awGorD;a&;awG usef;rma&;awG tppt&m&mawG tm;vHk; tqifrajyjzpfoGm;Muw,f/ awmufajymifaewJh *kPft&Sdeft0gawG[m tukefvHk;ysufpD;oGm;wwfw,f/ 'gaMumifh --

]]usifhaqmifr,kwf? apmifhudk,fEIwfESifh? OykofjA[®? p&d,vnf;?umvtpOf? tjrJ,SOfavmh? zJMuOfapwem? wpfnpmjzifh? t*Fgrysuf?aeYwpf0ufrQ? usKd;pufvGefatmif? rif;jzpfaqmif\/}}

um,uH pifMu,frI &Sdatmifç 0pDuH pifMu,frI &Sdatmifç raemuHpifMu,frI &Sdatmif jznfhusifhyg/ Oykof-oDwif; usifhoHk;yg/ omoemhjA[®p&d, r*¾jA[®p&d,ac:wJh rGefjrwfaom oDvusifhpOf orm"dusifhpOfynmusifhpOfawGukd r*fqdkuf zkdvfqdkufonfhwdkifatmif jznfhusifhyg/aeYwpf0ufrQ apmifhoHk;tyfwJh OykofoDvuaomfvnf; rif;jzpfatmifydkYaqmifay;EkdifwJhoabm &Sdw,f/


aool ESifh raool

]]q,fyg; ynwf? ukodkvf&yfudk? jyKtyfNyD;onf? vl wrnfum;?vlUjynf ewfyJG? &rcJwnf;? ,lpJGrkcs? ,Gif;rcGbl;/}}

'gaMumifh 'ge-oDv-orx-0dyóem tpjzmwJh ukodkvfq,fckjrwfaumif;rIawGukd atmifatmifjrifjrif jynfhjynfhpHkpHk jyKpkysKd;axmifxm;NyD;wJh vlom;wpfOD;om jzpfygap? a&SUuajymcJhwJh or®m'd|dÓPftjrifig;rsKd;ESifhom jynfhpHkygap - 'Dvlom;wpfOD;twGuf vlUjynf-ewfjynfvlUcsrf;om-ewfcsrf;omqdkwJh oHo&mcsrf;omawG[m &&SdzdkY&ef rcufcJawmhNyD? usdef;ao &&SdEdkifNyDjzpfw,f/ pwkopöor®m'd|dqdkwJh rSefuefwJhtodtjrif &&Sdxm;NyD;wJh 'Dolawmfaumif;tzdkY oHo&mc&D;rSm t,l0g'&JUazmufjyef ajymif;vJoGm;jcif;qdkwJh 'Doabmw&m;[m b,fawmhrSr&SdEdkifawmhbl;/

]]'ge oDv? ukovü? vHkYvvTwfavsmh? av;zifhayghí? arhavsmhaomol? olao [l\/ -- tvSLoDwif;? ruif;bm0em? rcsm&ufaeY?rarhavsmhwwf? xkdoljrwfwdkY? vl ewf cEm? ajymif;vJumvQif? csrf;omokc? rysufMuaMumifh? b0oabm? a&GUavsmjcif;[l? pkwdrlvnf;? aoolrrnf? [lwHkonfwnf;/}} (rCa'0-pmydk'f-291/)

'ge-oDv-orx-0dyóem tpjzmwJh ukodkvfw&m;awGudk jyKpkysKd;axmifzkdY&ef rBudK;pm;bJ arharhavsmhavsmh ayghayghqq aexkdifum'DukodkvfawGudk jyKpkysKd;axmifzdkY vHkYv0D&d,ukd vTwfcsxm;wJh yk*¾dKvfawGudk vlaoawGvkdY ac:qdkygw,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ 'ge-oDv-orx-0dyóem tpjzmwJh ukodkvfw&m;awGudk atmifatmifjrifjrif tjyif;txef BudK;pm;tm;xkwfygrS txufrSm ajymjycJhwJh or®m'd|dÓPftjriftrsKd;rsKd;awGukd &&SdrSm jzpfw,f/

'D or®m'd|d ÓPftjrifawGu txl;ojzifh - 0dyóemor®m'd|d-


r*¾or®m'd|d-zvor®m'd|dqkdwJh 'Dor®m'd|dÓPfawGu rao&m tNrdKufedAÁmefudk a&mufatmif ykdYaqmifay;rSm jzpfw,f/ 'Dor®m'd|d ÓPftjrifawGudk r&&SdwJh yk*¾dKvfawGç &&Sdatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfrI r&SdwJh yk*¾dKvfawG[m rao&m tNrdKufedAÁmefudk b,fvkdrS r&&SdEkdifbl;/

rao&m tNrdKufedAÁmefokdY ra&muf&SdwJh yk*¾dKvfawG[m wpfb0NyD;wpfb0 aoaeMu&rSmcsnf; jzpfw,f? aovkdY rqHk;Edkifawmhbl;/ 'Dyk*¾dKvfawGtwGuf tyg,fav;bHkqdkwJh wHcg;BuD;u tjrJwrf; yGifhaew,f/ tyg,fav;bHkodkY a&muf&SdoGm;wJh yk*d¾Kvfwpfa,muftwGuf tkd-em-aoa&; 'ku©ab;rS vGwfajrmufzkdYqkdwJh tcGifhtvrf;onf tvGeftvSrf;a0;vsuf &Sdaew,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ tkd-em-aoa&; 'ku©ab;rSvGwf&mvGwfaMumif;jzpfwJh orx-0dyóemuJhodkYaom w&m;aumif;awGudk usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfzdkYqdkwJh tcGifhta&;u tyg,fav;bHkrSm r&&SdEkdif jzpfaejcif;aMumifh jzpfw,f/

yHkpHwpfck xkwfjy&vQifawmh 'k-o-e-aomqkdwJh olaX;om; (4)OD;wkdYjzpfMuygw,f/ 'DolaX;om; (4)OD;wkdY[m 'DaeY avm[ukrÇDi&JrSmyJ wnf&Sdaewkef;yJ jzpfygw,f/ i&JrS vGwfcsifuRwfcsifwJh tmomqE"mwfawGçoDv-orm"d-ynm odu©moHk;&yf tusifhjrwfawGudk jzLjzLpifpifESifhjznfhusifhcsifwJh tmomqE"mwfawGu b,fvkdyif jyif;jyayrJhvkdY olwdkYvlUb0wkef;u vGefusL;cJhwJh tukodkvfuH t&Sdeft0gawGu rukefao;awmh tJ'Di&JrS uRwfcGifh vGwfcGifhudk b,fvkdrS r&&SdEkdif jzpfaeMuw,f/rao&m tNrdKufedAÁmefokdYa&mufaMumif; usifhpOfaumif;awGudk rusifhEdkifjzpfaeMuw,f/ i&JrS uRwfcGifhvGwfcGifh r&ao;awmh 'Di&JrSmyJ 'Dtyg,fav;bHkrSmyJ aemufxyf xyfumxyfum ao&rnfhoabm &Sdw,f/

'gaMumifh - udk,fusifhoDvuvnf; raumif;wJhç 'ge-oDv-orx-0dyóem tpjzmwJhukodkvfa&;vkyfief;&yfawGrSmvnf; arharhavsmhavsmhayghayghqq aeaewJhç om;ESifhaysmf orD;ESifhaysmf ZeD;ESifhaysmf ypönf;


awGESifhaysmf umr*kPfawGESifh taysmfBuD; aysmfaewJh yk*d¾KvfawG[maemufxyfwpfzef tyg,fav;bHkrSma&m oHo&mc&D;rSma&m Budrfzefrsm;pGm xyfumxyfum aoaus&rnfh oabm&SdwJhtwGuf 'Dyk*¾dKvfawGudk bk&m;&Sifu --

a, yrwåm ,xm rwm/ ("r®y')

toufyif&Sifaeaomfvnf; aoolawGvdkY a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/ rao&mtNrdKufedAÁmefodkY oGm;&mvrf;aMumif;ay:okdY ra&muf&Sdao;wJh yk*d¾KvfawG jzpfMuygw,f/

'gayrJh 'ge-oDv-orx-0dyóem tpjzmwJh ukodkvfw&m;wdkYudkrarhravsmh tjyif;txef vHkYvBudK;ukwftm;xkwfaewJh olawmfoljrwfwdkY[m txufrSmajymcJhwJh or®m'd|dÓPfynmtrsKd;rsKd;wdkYESifh jynfhpHkvmwJhtcg 'Dpwkopöor®m'd|dÓPfawGu 'Dolawmfaumif;awGudk rao&mtNrdKufedAÁmefodkY {uefxkwfacsmuf a&mufatmif ydkYaqmifay;rSm jzpfwJhtwGuf 'Dyk*¾dKvfawG[m y&dedAÁmefrpHrDtwGif;0,f b0wpfckrS b0wpfckokdY a&GUavsmjcif;oabm &SdayrJhvkdY olwdkY r*fÓPfzkdvfÓPfwdkYjzifhxkd;xGif;odjrifxm;wJh &&Sdxm;wJh edAÁmefcsrf;om w&m;awmfjrwfBuD;[mysufpD;oGm;½kd;"r®wm a&GUavsmoGm;½kd;"r®wm r&SdwJhtwGuf 'Dyk*d¾KvfrsKd;awGudkawmh aoolawGvkdY rac:bl;/ bk&m;&Sifuvnf; --

tyÜrwåm e rD,EÅd? ("r®y')

raowJholawGvdkY 'Dvkd a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/ olwdkY&&Sdxm;wJhedAÁmefcsrf;omBuD;om rysufpD;onf r[kwfbl;/ 'Dolawmfaumif;awGtzdkYoHo&mc&D;qdkwm &SdaeOD;r,fqdkvQif olwdkY&&SdEkdifwJh ok*wdqdkwJh csrf;omBuD;[mvnf; rysufpD;Ekdifbl;/ b,fvkd rysufpD;EkdifovJ¿ vlcsrf;omukdtvdk&SdvQif vlcsrf;omukdç ewfcsrf;omudk tvdk&SdvQif ewfcsrf;omukdçjA[®mcsrf;omudk tvdk&SdvQif jA[®mcsrf;omukd vG,fvG,fESifh &&SdEkdifyg


w,f/ olwdkY &&Sdxm;wJh or®m'd|dÓPfOD;aqmifaewJh ukokdvfuHawGu'Dvdkcsrf;omawGudk a&muf&Sdatmif usdef;ao aqmif&Gufay;MurSm jzpfw,f/ 'Dvdk csrf;omawGu a&GUavsmNyD;awmh tyg,fav;bHkodkY jyefvnfa&muf&Sdjcif;qdkwJh 'Doabmw&m;awG[m b,fvkdrS rjzpfEkdif r&SdEdkifbl;/

'gaMumifh olwdkY&&SdwJh csrf;omokcudk jrJw,fvkdYajymjcif; jzpfygw,f/'Dvkd csrf;omokcawGudk &&SdyHkESifh ywfoufvdkY 'DaeYrSm bkef;BuD;uvnf;pdwåol<u,fausmif;'g,umBuD;ukd pHxm;NyD;a[mzdkY &nf&G,fxm;ygw,f/

0dyv’mo\pGrf;tif]]0dyv’mo? azmufjyefuvnf;? arm[vTrf;NyD;? t,loD;í? pyg;BuD;

csufNid? [lwkHbdodkY? t0DpdoGm;? tusifhrSm;ukd? jrpfwm;r&? qHk;r rem?&SdwwfpGmcJh/}}

0dyv’mow&m; (3)yg; &Sdygw,f/ --1/ onm0dyv’mo = trSwfrSm;rIç2/ pdwå0dyv’mo = todrSm;rIç3/ 'd|d0dyv’mo = t,lrSm;rI --

'Dvdk 0dyv’mo (3)rsKd;&Sdw,f/ bmawGukd trSwfrSm; todrSm; t,lrSm;aewmvJ¿

1/ tedpöw&m;awGudk edpö (= jrJw,f)vkdY trSwfrSm;w,f todrSm;w,ft,lrSm;w,f/

2/ 'ku©w&m;awGudk okcvdkY (= csrf;omw,fvkdY) trSwfrSm;w,f todrSm;w,f t,lrSm;w,f/

3/ tewåw&m;awGukd twåvkdY trSwfrSm;w,f todrSm;w,f t,lrSm;w,f/

4/ tokbw&m;awGudk okbvdkY (= wifhw,fw,fvkdY) trSwfrSm;w,ftodrSm;w,f t,lrSm;w,f/


tm;vHk;aygif;vkdufawmh trSwfrSm;rI (= onm0dyv’mo)u (4)rsKd;çtodrSm;rI (= pdwå0dyv’mo)u (4)rsKd;ç t,lrSm;rI (= 'd|d0dyv’mo)u(4)rsKd;? aygif; - 0dyv’mo (12)rsKd; jzpfygw,f/

'Dae&mrSm tedpö-'ku©-tewå-tokbw&m;awGudk edpö-okc-twå-okbvdkY trSwfrSm;rI todrSm;rI t,lrSm;rI jzpfae&m 'Dtedpöw&m;-'ku©w&m;-tewåw&m;-tokbw&m;awGu bmawGvJvkdY ar;p&m&Sdw,f/

tedpöEÅd cE¨yÍöuH/ (0dok'd-2-276/)

tedpö-'ku©-tewå-tokbw&m;awGqdkwm Oyg'geu©Emig;yg;ukdyJqdkvkdygw,f? wpfenf;ajymvQifawmh ocFg&w&m;tm;vHk; jzpfMuygw,f/

oaAÁ ocFg&m tedpöm 'ku©m tewåm ...ponfjzifh bk&m;&Sifua[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJhtwGuf ocFg&w&m;tm;vHk;[m tedpö-'ku©-tewå-tokbw&m;awG jzpfMuygw,f/

'Dtedpö-'ku©-tewå-tokbjzpfwJh 'DocFg&w&m;awGudk y&rwfodkYÓPftjrifqkdufatmif xGif;azmuf rodwJhtwGuf edpöyJ-okcyJ-twåyJ-okbyJvkdY 'Dvkd trSwfrSm;rI-todrSm;rI-t,lrSm;rIqdkwJh azmufjyefcRwf,Gif;aewJh 'DrSm;,Gif;csuf 0dyv’mow&m;awG[m rdrdwdkY&JU oEÅmefrSmwnf&SdaewJhtcg y&rw¬opömw&m;awGudk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm xkd;xGif;rodatmif zHk;vTrf;xm;wJharm[uvnf; tvGeftm;aumif;aeNyDqdkvQif 'Dvdkyk*¾dKvfwpfOD;u t,l0g'wpfckckudk oGm;NyD; pGJ,lrdr,fqdkvQif'Dvdkyk*¾dKvfrsKd;[m t,l tifrwef oD; (onf;) wwfwJh yk*¾dKvfrsKd; jzpfwwfw,f? y&rw¬opöm trSefw&m;ukd xkd;xGif;odwwfwJh ÓPfynmrsufpdumPf;aevdkY jzpfygw,f/

'Dvdk yk*¾dKvfrsKd;awG[m t0Dpdi&J txG#fwyfxm;wJh tyg,f (4)bHkudka&mufapEkdifwJh pGrf;tifawG tjynfht0&SdaewJh 'kp½dkufawGukd rjyKrusifh


ygESifhvkdY wm;jrpfaomfvnf; wm;jrpfvkdYr&Ekdif &Sdwwfw,f/ qHk;rpum;ukdvufrcHvkdwJh pdwfxm;awGuom olU&JU pdwftpOfrSm vTrf;rdk;aewwfw,f/ bmjzpfvkdYvJ¿ trSwfawGuvnf; rSm;aeNyD? todawGuvnf;rSm;aeNyD? t,lawGuvnf; rSm;aeNyD/

tedpöw&m;awGukd edpövdkY rSwfw,f? edpövkdY odw,f? edpövkdY ,HkMunfw,f/ raeYuvnf; ]]ighom;yJ}}? 'DaeYvnf; ]]ighom;yJ}}? eufjzefvnf;]]ighom;yJ}}/ raeYuvnf; ]]ighorD;yJ}}? 'DaeYvnf; ]]ighorD;yJ}}? eufjzefvnf; ]]ighorD;yJ}} - ponfjzifh trSwfrSm;rI todrSm;rI t,lrSm;rIawGuol&JUpdwftpOfrSm ae&mtjynfh ,lxm;wJhtwGufaMumihf jzpfw,f/

tvm;wlyJ 'ku©jzpfaewJh w&m;awGudk okcvdkYç tewåjzpfaewJhw&m;awGukd twåvkdYç tokbjzpfaewJh w&m;awGudk okbvkdY trSwfrSm;aew,f todrSm;aew,f t,lrSm;aew,f pGJvrf;,HkMunfaew,f/

tJ'Dvkd pGJvrf;csufawGuvnf; odyftm;aumif;vmNyD arm[w&m;awGuvnf; odyfzdpD;vTrf;rkd;vmNyD qkdvkdY&SdvQif 'D'kp½dkufawGudk rvGefusL;ygESifhvdkY 'Dyk*¾dKvfrsKd;udk oGm;ajymayrJhvkdY - olUrSm 'D'kp½kdufawGudkpGefYvTwfEdkifwJh pGrf;tm;r&Sd jzpfwwfw,f/ pGefYvTwfEdkifwJh pGrf;tm;awGur&SdjzpfcJhvQif rSm;,Gif;aewJh 'DtusifhudkyJ tvGefaumif;rGef rSefuefaewJhedAÁmefuJhodkYaom csrf;omxl;BuD;ukd jzpfapwwfwJh usifhpOfwpfcktjzpfvnf; pGJ,lwwfw,f/ 'gwGifvm;qdkawmh ruao;bl; --

]]ynmtm;enf;? o'¨gonf;u? t&nf;rnfum? ,lrdpämü? o'¨gav;jrwf? qnf;uyfwwf\/}}

yk*d¾Kvfwpfa,muf[m opöm (4)yg; trSefw&m;ukd xkd;xGif;odwwfwJh pwkopöor®m'd|dÓPfqdkwJh ynm"mwfu odyftm;enf;aew,f/odkYaomf MunfndKo'guawmh awmfawmfav;udk aumif;aew,f/ tJ'Dvkd yk*¾dKvfawGusawmh bmjzpfwwfjyefovJ¿ --


]]t&nf;rnfum? ,lrdpämü? o'¨gav;jrwf? qnf;uyfwwf\}}-wJh/

[kda&S;acwfuawmh &[ef;awmfrsm;ukd t&nf;vkdY ac:qkdMuygw,f/txl;ojzifhawmh t&nf;qdkwm &[EÅmyk*¾dKvfrsm;udkac:wJh trnfwpfrsKd;jzpfygw,f/ emrnfuawmh t&nf; (= &[ef;) rSefw,f/ 'gayrJh t,l0g'u rdpämt,lawGukd ,laew,f/ &[ef;jzpfygvsuf &wemoHk;yg;udkausmay;NyD; rif;BuD;-rif;uav;udk udk;uG,fw,f? bkd;bdk;BuD;udk ukd;uG,fw,f? txufq&mBuD;awGukd ukd;uG,fw,f? 0dZÆm"kd&fa,mufsm;awGukdukd;uG,fw,f - ponfjzifh &wemoHk;yg;&JU tjyifbufrSm&SdwJh t&m0w¬KawGudk ukd;uG,fqnf;uyfaewwfw,f/ tJ'Dvdk ukd;uG,fqnf;uyfaewJhbkef;BuD;awGukdvnf; 'g,um 'g,dumrawGu wpfqifhjyefNyD; ukd;uG,fMujyefw,f/

aemufwpfck jzpfwwfyHk &Sdao;w,f/ ]]bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;xm;wJh'D½kyf'DemrfawGukd 0dyóemr½Ivnf; r*fzkdvfedAÁmefukd &Ekdifygw,f/'Dt0dZÆm-wPSm-Oyg'gef-ocFg&-uHqkdwJh twdwftaMumif;w&m;awGaMumifh cEmig;yg; (= ½kyfemrf)w&m;wkdYjzpfyHkukd r½Ivnf; r*fzkdvfedAÁmefudk&Ekdifygw,f/}} 'Dvkd yk*d¾KvfwpfOD;OD;u vmajymcJhvQifvnf; 'DvdkajymwJhyk*d¾KvfrsKd;ukd ,HkMunfpdwfcspGmjzifh oGm;a&mufum ukd;uG,fqnf;uyfwwfjyefw,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ rdrdukd,fwdkifu pwkopöor®m'd|dÓPfukd[kwfwdkif;rSefpGm r&&Sdao;aomaMumifh jzpfw,f/ aemufwpfck --

]]y&rwft&m? rvdr®mbJ? o'¨g EkHYeJ? ynmuJvnf;? tvGJajy;0if?tjrif,Gif;cG? wdrf;yg;Muvsuf? rD;jyorm;? wGif;uRHrSm;okdY? q,fyg;aumif;rI? vSL0w¬Kukd? pGefYjyKrvTwf? pdwåKyÜg'frQ? 'getvSL? ajrmufaom[lí? t,lazmufvGJ? rdpämpJG\/}}

yk*¾dKvfwpfa,muf[m y&rw¬ÓPfynmrsufpd r&Sdbl;/ ½kyfw&m;awGudk y&rwfodkYqkdufatmif [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm or®m'd|dÓPfynmjzifh


udk,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufrodbl;/ emrfw&m;awGudkvnf; y&rwfodkY ÓPftjrifqdkufatmif or®m'd|dÓPfynmjzifh ukd,fwkdifrsufarSmufxGif;azmufrodbl;/ t0dZÆm-wPSm-Oyg'gef-ocFg&-uHqdkwJh taMumif;w&m;awGaMumifh tusKd;cEmig;yg;wdkY xif&Sm;jzpfay:yHkukdvnf; or®m'd|dÓPfynmjzifh ukd,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufrodbl;/ taMumif;w&m;ESifhwuGaom 'Dy&rwf ½kyfemrfwkdY&JU tedpöoabm-'ku©oabm-tewåoabm-tokboabmawGudkvnf; or®m'd|dÓPfynmjzifhudk,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufrodbl;/ 'Dvdk rodrIawGudk wpfyHkBuD;xrf;um oHo&mrSm vrf;ovm;aewJh olawG[m ]]y&rwft&m rvdr®mwJh}}yk*d¾KvfawG jzpfMuw,f/

'Dvkd y&rwft&mrSm vdr®muRrf;usifrIr&SdwJh yk*¾dKvfwpfa,muf[my&rwft&mrSm rvdr®m½HkwGifomru &wemoHk;wef uH-uH&JUtusKd;w&m;wkdYtay:ü ,HkMunfcsuf o'¨gw&m;uvnf; odyftm;enf;aeNyDqkdMupdkY/ 'gayrJh ynmu vGefuJaejyefw,f/ bmynmawG vGefuJovJvkdY ar;vQifawmh tajzuawmh - y&rwfÓPfynmrsufpd r&SdayrJhvkdYwpfenf;ajym&vQifawmh t"d*rokwac:wJh usifhodjzifh xkd;xGif;odxm;wJh y&rwfÓPfynmrsufpd r&SdayrJhvkdY wjcm;wjcm; A[kokwa&;&mynmt&yf&yfawGudkawmh olu uRrf;usifw,f/ wpfenf;ajymvQifawmhy&d,wfw&m; tawmftwefudkvnf; oifodtaeESifhawmh odxm;w,f/ tJ'Dvdk uRrf;usifvmNyDqdkvQifawmh bmjzpfvmwwfovJ¿

'Dyk*¾dKvfu pGJ,lNyD - ]]tdk ...'geqkdwm oGm;NyD;jyKaezdkY rvdkygbl;/pdwfxJuae pdwful;ESifh vSLaevQifvnf; 'geukodkvf jzpfygw,f}} qkdNyD;awmh 'Dvdk azmufvGJazmufjyef rSm;rSm;,Gif;,Gif;ESifh rdpämt,l0g'awGudkoGm;NyD; pGJaewwfw,f/ rD;jyorm; wGif;uRHrSm;odkY jzpfwwfw,f/

ntcgrSm awmvrf;c&D;udk oGm;Mu&m a&SUu rD;jywJhyk*d¾Kvfu wGif;xJ


acsmufxJ usoGm;NyDqkdvQif aemufu vkdufvmwJholawG[m vrf;rSefay:odkYa&mufzkdY vrf;rSeftwdkif; c&D;qufzdkYqkdwm tvGefcufcJoGm;NyD/

'DyHkpHtwkdif;yJ - y&rwft&m rvdr®mbJ o'¨g EkHYeJ ynmuJvmygut,lazmufvGJum edAÁmefa&mufaMumif;r[kwfwJh rdpämt,l0g'awGudkedAÁmefokdY a&mufaMumif; usifhpOftjzpf rSm;rSm;,Gif;,Gif; pGJ,laewwfw,f/ tJ'Dvkd pGJNyDqdkvQif bmjzpfvmwwfovJ¿

]]vdyfcJyrm? jrJjrHpGmvsuf? owå0gwpfa,muf? ,lrSm;arSmufukd? odef;avmuf bk&m;? vSefaomtm;jzifh? a[mMum;acscRwf? ajzrvGwfbl;/}}

t,l0g'wpfckukd pGJNyDqdkvdkY&SdvQif vdyfcJwJhyHkpHESifh pGJwwfw,f/ vdyfrsm;u t&m0w¬Kwpfckudk udkufvdkufNyDqdkvQif vG,fvG,fESifh b,fawmhrSrvTwfbl;? odyfNyD; jrJjrJjrHjrH ukdufcJwwfwJhoabm &Sdw,f/ tJ'DyHkpHtwkdif;yJ yk*d¾Kvfwpfa,muf[m y&rwfÓPfynmrsufpduvnf; r&SdbJo'guvnf; EHkYeJvmNyDqdkvQif wjcm;wjcm; A[kokwa&;&m ÓPfynmawGuvnf; odyfxufjrufvmNyD qdkvdkY&SdvQif t&m0w¬Kwpfckudk vdyfuae ukdufcJxm;onfh yHkpHtwkdif; rSm;,Gif;azmufjyefaewJh rdpämt,l0g'awGudk jrJjrJjrHjrHESifh pGJvrf;qkyfudkifxm;wwfwJhoabm &Sdw,f/

tJ'Dvkd jrJjrJjrHjrH pGJvrf;qkyfudkifxm;NyD pGJ,lxm;NyD qdkvQifawmh 'DvdkpGJvrf; qkyfukdifxm;wJh owå0gwpfa,muf[m rSm;,Gif;aeNyD jzpfw,f/'Dvkd rSm;,Gif;aewJh t,l0g'udk vufqkyfvufukdif pGJ,lxm;wJh owå0gwpfa,mufudk tqlwpfodef;rQaom bk&m;&SifwkdYu olU&JU rSm;,Gif;aewJht,l0g'awGukd ajymif;jyefvSefNyD; rSefuefwJh w&m;"r®awGudk a[mjyumvma&muf acscRwfayrJhvkdY b,fvkdrS ruRwfEkdifwJh oabm&Sdw,f/

]]tuRwfr&? ed,wjzifh? 0g'tvdk? ajrBuD; rsKdvnf;? ,ludk pGefYbJ?tusifhvGJí? i&JcHvdrfhrnfaomaMumifh/}} (rCa'0-pmykd'f-319/)

'Dvdk tuRwfr&wJh yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;[m jrJjrHpGm qkyfudkifxm;wJh rdrd&JUt,l0g'udk ajrrsKdawmif rpGefYvTwfbJ &Sdaewwfw,f/ rrSefruefrSm;,Gif;aewJh tusifhukdyJ qufvuf usifhaewwfw,f/ 'DrSm;,Gif;azmufjyefwJh usihfpOfawGaMumifh aoonf\ tjcm;rJhü i&JodkY a&muf&SdEdkifwJh oabm&Sdaew,f? apwd,rif;wkdYvkd jzpfwwfygw,f/

'gaMumifh w&m;emy&dowfjzpfMuwJh 'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awG ...,ckvkd omoemawmfjrwfBuD;ESifh awGUckduf MuHKckduf qHkcdkufrSmtJ'Dvkd t,l0g' azmufvJGaewJh 'Drdpämt,l0g'udk vdyfcJyrm jrJjrHpGmpGJvrf;qkyfudkifxm;wJhç wpfodef;avmufaom bk&m;&SifwkdY 0kdif;cRwfaomfvnf; ruRwfEdkifwJh b0rsKd;udk ra&mufatmif 'DaeY-'Dv-'DESpfawGrSmrdrdwdkY&JUoEÅmefü --

½kyfawGemrfawGudk [kwfwkdif;rSefpGmodwJh y&rwfÓPfynmrsufpdçtaMumif;w&m; tusKd;w&m;awGudk [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm odwwfwJh y&rwfÓPfynmrsufpdç taMumif;w&m;ESifhwuGaom 'D½kyfemrfwkdY&JU tedpöoabm-'ku©oabm-tewåoabm-tokboabmawGudk [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm xkd;xGif;odwwfwJh odaewJh y&rwfÓPfynmrsufpdç tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwf edAÁmefw&m;awmfjrwfBuD;ukd xGif;azmufodjrifaewJhy&rwfÓPfynmrsufpd? 'Dvdk tqifhtwef; jrifhrm;wJh ynmrsufpdawGudk &&Sdatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfxm;zkdY vdktyfygw,f/

'DynmrsufpdawG &&Sda&;twGuf tyg,f0#fqif;&JpwJh oHo&m0#fqif;&J 'ku©BuD;rS vGwfajrmufa&;twGuf oDvusifhpOf orm"dusifhpOfynmusifhpOfawGudk tpDtpOfwus wpfqifhNyD;wpfqifh jrifhoxufjrifhatmif &ifhoxuf&ifhatmif usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfzdkYtvGef vkdtyfygw,f/ tJ'Dvdk tm;xkwfoGm;wJh yk*¾dKvfawGxJu twk,lzG,f&maumif;wJh yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;uawmh pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;yJjzpfygw,f/


tcef; (2)

*dvme'óeokwåefa&SUydkif;

edAÁmefa&mufaMumif; usifhpOfawGxJu pdwåoH,kwfü vm&SdwJh *dvme'óeokwåefudk jynfwnfNyD;awmh emrnfausmfjzpfwJh pdwåol<u,fausmif;'g,umBuD;taMumif;udk a[mzdkY bkef;BuD; a&G;cs,fxm;ygw,f/]]w&m;emy&dowftaygif; olawmfaumif;wdkYvnf; pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;udk twkvdkufNyD; usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfEdkifMuygap}} - 'Dvdk arwåm apwem a&SUxm;NyD;awmh 'DokwåefawGudk a&G;cs,fNyD; a[mMum;jcif; jzpfygw,f/ uJ emMunfhMu&atmif .../

awe acg ye ora,e pdawåm *[ywd tmAm"daum a[mwdawe acg ye ora,e pdawåm *[ywd tmAm"daum a[mwdawe acg ye ora,e pdawåm *[ywd tmAm"daum a[mwdawe acg ye ora,e pdawåm *[ywd tmAm"daum a[mwdawe acg ye ora,e pdawåm *[ywd tmAm"daum a[mwd'ku©dawm AmV§*dvmaem/'ku©dawm AmV§*dvmaem/'ku©dawm AmV§*dvmaem/'ku©dawm AmV§*dvmaem/'ku©dawm AmV§*dvmaem/ (oH-2-491/)

awe acg ye ora,e =awe acg ye ora,e =awe acg ye ora,e =awe acg ye ora,e =awe acg ye ora,e = xdktcgüum;/ pdawåm *[ywd = pdawåm *[ywd = pdawåm *[ywd = pdawåm *[ywd = pdawåm *[ywd =pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;onf/ tmAm"daum = tmAm"daum = tmAm"daum = tmAm"daum = tmAm"daum = usifemcHcufESdyfpufzdpD;tyfaom tema&m*g&Sdonfjzpfí/ 'ku©dawm = 'ku©dawm = 'ku©dawm = 'ku©dawm = 'ku©dawm = jzpfaomukd,f\qif;&Jjcif;&Sdonf/ AmV§*dvmaem = AmV§*dvmaem = AmV§*dvmaem = AmV§*dvmaem = AmV§*dvmaem = tjyif;txef rusef;rrmjzpfvsufaeonf/ a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = jzpfay\/

] 31


pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD; - wpfcsdefrSm ao&manmifapmif;avsmif;pufwJhtcsdefaygh? tema&m*gawGu tjyif;txef ESdyfpufaeNyD?r&PEÅdu-a0'emvkdY ac:qkdtyfwJh aojcif;vQif tqkH;tykdif;tjcm;&SdaewJh a&m*ga0'emawGu uyfa&mufvmNyD jzpfw,f/

'Dvkd ao&manmifapmif; avsmif;puf&rnfh tcsdeftcgrsKd;onf 'DaeYw&m;a[maewJhyk*¾dKvf w&m;emaewJhyk*¾dKvfawGvnf; wpfaeYrSm taES;ESifhtjref rcRwf{uef awGUMu&rnfh tcsdeftcgrsKd;om jzpfw,f/ tJ'Dvkdao&manmifapmif; avsmif;pufwJh tcsdeftcgrsKd;rSm rdrdwkdYtwGuf bmawGrsm; tm;ukd;p&m&SdovJ¿ pdwfcsvufcs tm;ukd;&wJhw&m;aumif;awGigwkdYrSm &Sdxm;NyD;NyDvm;qdkwJh tcsufudk jyefvnfqef;ppfzkdY vkdygw,f/

tJ'Dvkd pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;u ao&m anmifapmif;avsmif;pufaewJh tcsdeftcgrSm bmjzpfvmovJ¿ --

tx acg orÁ[kvm tm&mra'0wm 0ea'0wm ½ku©a'0wmtx acg orÁ[kvm tm&mra'0wm 0ea'0wm ½ku©a'0wmtx acg orÁ[kvm tm&mra'0wm 0ea'0wm ½ku©a'0wmtx acg orÁ[kvm tm&mra'0wm 0ea'0wm ½ku©a'0wmtx acg orÁ[kvm tm&mra'0wm 0ea'0wm ½ku©a'0wmMoo"dwdP0eyÜwDok t"d0w¬m a'0wm o*Fr® orm*r® pdwåHMoo"dwdP0eyÜwDok t"d0w¬m a'0wm o*Fr® orm*r® pdwåHMoo"dwdP0eyÜwDok t"d0w¬m a'0wm o*Fr® orm*r® pdwåHMoo"dwdP0eyÜwDok t"d0w¬m a'0wm o*Fr® orm*r® pdwåHMoo"dwdP0eyÜwDok t"d0w¬m a'0wm o*Fr® orm*r® pdwåH*[ywð {w'a0gpkH *[ywð {w'a0gpkH *[ywð {w'a0gpkH *[ywð {w'a0gpkH *[ywð {w'a0gpkH ----------

tx acg = tx acg = tx acg = tx acg = tx acg = xkdtcgü/ orÁ[kvm = orÁ[kvm = orÁ[kvm = orÁ[kvm = orÁ[kvm = rsm;pGmukefaom/ tm&mr- tm&mr- tm&mr- tm&mr- tm&mr-a'0wm =a'0wm =a'0wm =a'0wm =a'0wm = tm&mrfapmifh ewfwkdYonf/ 0ea'0wm = 0ea'0wm = 0ea'0wm = 0ea'0wm = 0ea'0wm = awmapmifhewfwkdYonf/ ½ku©a'0wm = ½ku©a'0wm = ½ku©a'0wm = ½ku©a'0wm = ½ku©a'0wm = opfyifapmifh ewfwkdYonf/ Moo"dwdP- Moo"dwdP- Moo"dwdP- Moo"dwdP- Moo"dwdP-0eyÜwDok t"d0w¬m a'0wm =0eyÜwDok t"d0w¬m a'0wm =0eyÜwDok t"d0w¬m a'0wm =0eyÜwDok t"d0w¬m a'0wm =0eyÜwDok t"d0w¬m a'0wm = aq;yif jrufyif awmpkd;opfyifwkdYüapmifha&Smufpkd;tkyf aexkdifMuukefaom ewfwkdYonf/ o*Fr® orm*r® o*Fr® orm*r® o*Fr® orm*r® o*Fr® orm*r® o*Fr® orm*r®===== tnDtñGwf aygif;pkMuukefí/ pdwåH *[ywð = pdwåH *[ywð = pdwåH *[ywð = pdwåH *[ywð = pdwåH *[ywð = pdwåol<u,fausmif;'g,umBuD;ukd/ {wH 0peH = {wH 0peH = {wH 0peH = {wH 0peH = {wH 0peH = þpum;ukd/ ta0gpk H = ta0gpk H = ta0gpk H = ta0gpk H = ta0gpk H = ajymqkdMuavukefNyD/

tm&mrfapmifhewfawGç awmapmifhewfawGç opfyifapmifhewfawGçaq;yifawG jrufyifawG awmpkd;opfyifawGrSm pkd;tkyfNyD; aexkdifwJh

*dvme'óeokwåefa&SUydkif; ] 33

ewftaygif;awG pka0;NyD;awmh pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;xHvmNyD; ajymMuw,f/ b,fvkdajymMuovJ¿ --

yPda"[d *[ywd ]tem*wr'¨geH &mZm tóH puú0wåD}wd/yPda"[d *[ywd ]tem*wr'¨geH &mZm tóH puú0wåD}wd/yPda"[d *[ywd ]tem*wr'¨geH &mZm tóH puú0wåD}wd/yPda"[d *[ywd ]tem*wr'¨geH &mZm tóH puú0wåD}wd/yPda"[d *[ywd ]tem*wr'¨geH &mZm tóH puú0wåD}wd/

*[ywd = *[ywd = *[ywd = *[ywd = *[ywd = ausmif;'g,umBuD; .../ tem*wr'¨geH = tem*wr'¨geH = tem*wr'¨geH = tem*wr'¨geH = tem*wr'¨geH = aemiftem*wf umvü/ &mZm puú0wåd = &mZm puú0wåd = &mZm puú0wåd = &mZm puú0wåd = &mZm puú0wåd = pMu0aw;rif;BuD;onf/ tóH tóH tóH tóH tóH===== jzpf&vkd\/ £wd = £wd = £wd = £wd = £wd = þokdY/ yPda"[d = yPda"[d = yPda"[d = yPda"[d = yPda"[d = awmifhwvkdufprf;yg/

]]pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD; ... aemiftem*wfumvüpMu0aw;rif;BuD; jzpf&vkd\vkdY 'Dvkd pdwfxJu awmifhwprf;yg}} qkdNyD;awmh 0kdif;NyD;ajymMuw,f/ tJ'Dvkd 0kdif;NyD;ajymvkdufwJh tcsdeftcgrsKd;rSmpdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;u 'DewfawGukd bmjyefajymovJ¿ -

]]wrÜd tedpö H? wrÜd t'¨K0H? wrÜd y[m, *reD,}}EÅ d/]]wrÜd tedpö H? wrÜd t'¨K0H? wrÜd y[m, *reD,}}EÅ d/]]wrÜd tedpö H? wrÜd t'¨K0H? wrÜd y[m, *reD,}}EÅ d/]]wrÜd tedpö H? wrÜd t'¨K0H? wrÜd y[m, *reD,}}EÅ d/]]wrÜd tedpö H? wrÜd t'¨K0H? wrÜd y[m, *reD,}}EÅ d/

wrÜd =wrÜd =wrÜd =wrÜd =wrÜd = xdkpMu0aw;rif;\ pnf;pdrfonfvnf;yJ/ tedpöH = tedpöH = tedpöH = tedpöH = tedpöH = jzpfNyD;vQifysufwwfwJh teufoabmaMumifh tedpöw&m;omwnf;/ wrÜd = wrÜd = wrÜd = wrÜd = wrÜd = xkdpMu0aw;rif;BuD;\ pnf;pdrfonfvnf;yJ/ t'¨K0H = t'¨K0H = t'¨K0H = t'¨K0H = t'¨K0H = rcdkifcHhwJh t'¨K0w&m;omwnf;/ wrÜd = wrÜd = wrÜd = wrÜd = wrÜd = xkdpMu0aw;rif;BuD;\ pnf;pdrfonfvnf;yJ/y[m, =y[m, =y[m, =y[m, =y[m, = wpfaeYwGif y,fpGefYí/ *reD,H = *reD,H = *reD,H = *reD,H = *reD,H = oGm;&rnfhoabmw&m;omwnf;/

]]'DpMu0aw;rif;BuD;&JU pnf;pdrfqdkwmvnf; jzpfNyD; ysufaewJh tedpöw&m;om jzpfw,f? rcdkifcHhwJh t'¨K0w&m;om jzpfw,f/ 'DpMu0aw;rif;&JU pnf;pdrfqkdwm wpfaeY y,fpGefYoGm;&rnfh oabmw&m;om jzpfygw,f}} qkdNyD;awmh 'Dvkd pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;u ewfawGukdjyefNyD;awmh ajymw,f/

'DvdkajymvkdufwJhtcsdeftcgrSm ab;em;rSm 0kdif;tkHNyD; xkdifaeMuwJh


apmihfa&SmufaeMuwJh aqGrsKd;awG rdwfaqGawG &SdMuw,f/ 'DaqGrsKd;om;csif;awG rdwfaqGawGu ewfawGajymwJh pum;oHudkawmh rMum;Mu&bl;? pdwåol<u,fajymwJh pum;oHudkom Mum;Mu&w,f/ 'gaMumifholwdkYu pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;ukd bmajymMuovJ¿ --

ooooowwwwwð t,sykwå Oy|ay[d? rm 0dyÜvyd/ð t,sykwå Oy|ay[d? rm 0dyÜvyd/ð t,sykwå Oy|ay[d? rm 0dyÜvyd/ð t,sykwå Oy|ay[d? rm 0dyÜvyd/ð t,sykwå Oy|ay[d? rm 0dyÜvyd/

t,sykwå =t,sykwå =t,sykwå =t,sykwå =t,sykwå = t&Sifhom; .../ owð = owð = owð = owð = owð = owdukd/ Oy|ay[d = Oy|ay[d = Oy|ay[d = Oy|ay[d = Oy|ay[d = a&S;½I wnfapyg/ rm 0dyÜvyd = rm 0dyÜvyd = rm 0dyÜvyd = rm 0dyÜvyd = rm 0dyÜvyd = ua,mifuwrf; a,mif,rf;jrnfwrf;írajymqkdygESifh/

]]t&Sifhom; ...owdxm;yg? ua,mifuwrf; a,mif,rf; jrnfwrf;NyD;awmh rajymqkdygESifh}} qdkNyD;awmh ab;u rdwfaqGawG aqGrsKd;awGarG;csif;awGu 0dkif;NyD;awmh owday;Muw,f/ xdktcsdeftcgrSm pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;u --

]]ig[m bmawGudkrsm; ua,mifuwrf; a,mif,rf;jrnfwrf;NyD;ajymqkdaevdkY oifwdkYu ighudk 'Dvdk owday;aeMu&wmvJ}} vdkY jyefNyD;awmh ar;w,f/ ar;vdkufwJh tcsdeftcgrSm ab;u rdwfaqG aqGrsKd;om;csif;awGu bmjyefajymMuovJ --

]]wrÜd tedpö H? wrÜd t'¨K0H? wrÜd y[m, *reD,}}EÅ d/]]wrÜd tedpö H? wrÜd t'¨K0H? wrÜd y[m, *reD,}}EÅ d/]]wrÜd tedpö H? wrÜd t'¨K0H? wrÜd y[m, *reD,}}EÅ d/]]wrÜd tedpö H? wrÜd t'¨K0H? wrÜd y[m, *reD,}}EÅ d/]]wrÜd tedpö H? wrÜd t'¨K0H? wrÜd y[m, *reD,}}EÅ d/

wrÜd =wrÜd =wrÜd =wrÜd =wrÜd = xdk[monfvnf;yJ/ tedpöH = tedpöH = tedpöH = tedpöH = tedpöH = jzpfNyD;vQif ysufwwfwJhteufoabmaMumifh tedpöw&m;omwnf;/ wrÜd = wrÜd = wrÜd = wrÜd = wrÜd = xdk[monfvnf;yJ/t'¨K0H =t'¨K0H =t'¨K0H =t'¨K0H =t'¨K0H = rcdkifcHhwJh t'¨K0 w&m;omwnf;/ wrÜd = wrÜd = wrÜd = wrÜd = wrÜd = xdk[monfvnf;yJ/y[m, =y[m, =y[m, =y[m, =y[m, = wpfaeYwGif y,fpGefYí/ *reD,H = *reD,H = *reD,H = *reD,H = *reD,H = oGm;&rnfh oabmw&m;omwnf;/

]]oifu tJ'Dvkd ajymaew,f/ xdk[mvnf; rjrJwJh tedpöw&m;omjzpfw,f/ xdk[mvnf; rckdifcHhwJh t'K0w&m;om jzpfw,f/ xdk[mvnf;


wpfaeY y,fpGefYoGm;&rnfh oabmw&m;om jzpfw,fvkdY oif 'Dvkd ajymaew,f/ bmaMumifh oif 'Dvkd ua,mifuwrf; a,mif,rf;jrnfwrf;NyD; ajymae&ovJvkdY}} ab;u 0kdif;NyD; ajymMuw,f/

]]ig[m ua,mifuwrf; a,mif,rf;NyD; ajymaewm r[kwfbl;/tm&mrfapmifhewfawGç awmapmifhewfawGç opfyifapmifhewfawGçaq;yifawG jrufyifawG awmpkd;opfyifawGrSm pkd;tkyfNyD; aexkdifwJhewftaygif;awGu pk½kH;NyD;awmh ighukd vmajymaeMuw,f/

]yPda"[d *[ywd tem*wr'¨geH &mZm tóH puú0wåD}wd/]yPda"[d *[ywd tem*wr'¨geH &mZm tóH puú0wåD}wd/]yPda"[d *[ywd tem*wr'¨geH &mZm tóH puú0wåD}wd/]yPda"[d *[ywd tem*wr'¨geH &mZm tóH puú0wåD}wd/]yPda"[d *[ywd tem*wr'¨geH &mZm tóH puú0wåD}wd/

]pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD; ... aemiftem*wfumvüpMu0aw;rif;BuD; jzpf&ygvkd\vkdY 'Dvkd pdwfu awmifhwvkdufprf;yg}-qkdNyD;awmh vmNyD;awmh 0kdif;NyD;awmh ighukd ajymaeMuw,f/ tJ'DvkdajymaewJh ewfawGukd igu wpfzef jyefNyD;awmh --

wrÜd tedpö H? wrÜd t'¨K0H? wrÜd y[m, *reD,H/wrÜd tedpö H? wrÜd t'¨K0H? wrÜd y[m, *reD,H/wrÜd tedpö H? wrÜd t'¨K0H? wrÜd y[m, *reD,H/wrÜd tedpö H? wrÜd t'¨K0H? wrÜd y[m, *reD,H/wrÜd tedpö H? wrÜd t'¨K0H? wrÜd y[m, *reD,H/

]'DpMu0aw;rif;&JU pnf;pdrf[mvnf; jzpfNyD;ysufaewJh tedpöw&m;om rSefw,f/ 'DpMu0aw;rif;&JU pnf;pdrf[mvnf; rckdifcHhwJh t'¨K0w&m;om rSefw,f/ 'DpMu0aw;rif;&JU pnf;pdrfqkdwmvnf; wpfaeYrSmy,fpGefYNyD;oGm;&rnfh w&m;om rSefw,fvkdY}— 'Dvkd igu jyefajymaejcif;jzpfygw,f}} qkdNyD;awmh tajzay;&w,f/

tJ'DtcsdeftcgrSm ab;em;rSm&SdaewJh aqGrsKd;om;csif;awG rdwfaqGawGuaeNyD;awmh ]]oifhrSm b,fvkdtusKd;xl;w&m;awGukd ewfawGuawGUaeMuvkdY 'Dvkd vmNyD;awmh wkdufwGef;aeMu&wmvJ}}qkdNyD;awmh ar;jref;Muw,f/ tJ'DtcgrSm pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;u bmjyefajzovJ¿

ewfawGu ighrSm 'Dvkd tusKd;xl;w&m;awGukd awGUjrifaeMuw,f/'gaMumifh olwkdYu wkdufwGef;wm/ b,fvkdtusKd;xl;w&m;awGvJ¿


pdwåol<u,f\ *kPf&nf

t,H acg pdawåm *[ywd oDv0g uvsmP"ar®m? oapt,H acg pdawåm *[ywd oDv0g uvsmP"ar®m? oapt,H acg pdawåm *[ywd oDv0g uvsmP"ar®m? oapt,H acg pdawåm *[ywd oDv0g uvsmP"ar®m? oapt,H acg pdawåm *[ywd oDv0g uvsmP"ar®m? oapyPd'[dówd ]tem*wr'¨geH &mZm tóH puú0wåD}wd? wóyPd'[dówd ]tem*wr'¨geH &mZm tóH puú0wåD}wd? wóyPd'[dówd ]tem*wr'¨geH &mZm tóH puú0wåD}wd? wóyPd'[dówd ]tem*wr'¨geH &mZm tóH puú0wåD}wd? wóyPd'[dówd ]tem*wr'¨geH &mZm tóH puú0wåD}wd? wóacg t,H £ZÑdówd oDv0awm apawmyPd"d 0dok'¨wåm/acg t,H £ZÑdówd oDv0awm apawmyPd"d 0dok'¨wåm/acg t,H £ZÑdówd oDv0awm apawmyPd"d 0dok'¨wåm/acg t,H £ZÑdówd oDv0awm apawmyPd"d 0dok'¨wåm/acg t,H £ZÑdówd oDv0awm apawmyPd"d 0dok'¨wåm/"r®daum "r®duH zvH tEkyówd/"r®daum "r®duH zvH tEkyówd/"r®daum "r®duH zvH tEkyówd/"r®daum "r®duH zvH tEkyówd/"r®daum "r®duH zvH tEkyówd/

t,H acg pdawåm *[ywd =t,H acg pdawåm *[ywd =t,H acg pdawåm *[ywd =t,H acg pdawåm *[ywd =t,H acg pdawåm *[ywd = þpdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;onfum;/ oDv0g = oDv0g = oDv0g = oDv0g = oDv0g = ukd,fusifhoDvESifh jynfhpkH\/ uvsmP"ar®m uvsmP"ar®m uvsmP"ar®m uvsmP"ar®m uvsmP"ar®m===== aumif;aomw&m;"r®ESifh jynfhpkH\/

taMumif;jycsuf ESpfckaygh/ pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;u oDv&SdwJh olawmfaumif;BuD;vnf;jzpfw,f/ uvsmP"r®ac:wJh aumif;wJhw&m;"r®awGESifhjynfhpkHaewJh olawmfaumif;BuD;vnf;jzpfw,f/ 'DESpfcsufayghaemf/ b,fvkd uvsmP"r® uvsmP"r® uvsmP"r® uvsmP"r® uvsmP"r® ----- aumif;wJhw&m;awGESifh jynfhpkHovJ¿

tJ'Dtykdif;ukd 'Dn OD;pm;ay;NyD; a[mzkdY &nf&G,fxm;ygw,f? 'Dtykdif;ukdyJ csJUxGifNyD; a[mzkdY &nf&G,fxm;ygw,f/

aumif;wJh w&m;"r®awGESifh jynfhpkHw,f/ ukd,fusifhoDvESifhvnf;jynfhpkHw,f/ jynfhpkHwJhtwGuf bmjzpfovJ¿ --

t[H =t[H =t[H =t[H =t[H = igonf/ tem*wr'¨geH = tem*wr'¨geH = tem*wr'¨geH = tem*wr'¨geH = tem*wr'¨geH = aemiftem*wfumvü/ &mZm &mZm &mZm &mZm &mZmpuú0wåd =puú0wåd =puú0wåd =puú0wåd =puú0wåd = pMu0aw;rif;BuD;onf/ tóH = tóH = tóH = tóH = tóH = jzpf&vdk\/ £wd = £wd = £wd = £wd = £wd =þokdYvQif/ oap yPd'[dówd = oap yPd'[dówd = oap yPd'[dówd = oap yPd'[dówd = oap yPd'[dówd = tu,fí awmifhwcJhonfjzpftHh/oDv0awm =oDv0awm =oDv0awm =oDv0awm =oDv0awm = oDv&Sdíaeaom/ wó = wó = wó = wó = wó = xdkpdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;\/ t,H apawmyPd"d = t,H apawmyPd"d = t,H apawmyPd"d = t,H apawmyPd"d = t,H apawmyPd"d = þpdwf&JUawmifhwcsufonf/0dok'¨wåm =0dok'¨wåm =0dok'¨wåm =0dok'¨wåm =0dok'¨wåm = oDvpifMu,faeonfhtwGufaMumifh/ £ZÑdówd = £ZÑdówd = £ZÑdówd = £ZÑdówd = £ZÑdówd = rcRwf{uef jynfhpkHayvdrfhrnf/

'Dpdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;u ukd,fusifhoDvESifh jynfhpkHwJh


yk*¾dKvfjzpfw,f? uvsmP"r®ac:wJh aumif;wJh w&m;"r®awGESifh jynfh0aewJh olawmfaumif;vnf; jzpfw,f/ 'Dpdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;rSm (0dok'wåm) oDvawG pifMu,faewJhtwGufaMumifh oDvpifMu,faewJh yk*¾dKvfu pdwfuae awmifhwvkdufwJh awmifhwcsuf[lorQonfrcRwf{uef jynfhpkHayvdrfhr,f/

"r®daum ="r®daum ="r®daum ="r®daum ="r®daum = w&m;&SdwJhyk*¾dKvfonf/ "r®duH zvH = "r®duH zvH = "r®duH zvH = "r®duH zvH = "r®duH zvH = w&m;ESifhavsmfnDwJh tusKd;w&m;ukd/ tEkyówd = tEkyówd = tEkyówd = tEkyówd = tEkyówd = tzefzef txyfxyf awGUjrifíae&wwfay\/

w&m;&SdwJhyk*¾dKvfqkdwm w&m;ESifhavsmfnDaewJh tusKd;w&m;awGukdtzefzef txyfxyf rcRwf{uef awGUjrif&wwfw,f/ tJ'Doabmukd'DewfawGu awGUaew,f jrifaew,f/ 'gaMumifhrkdYvkdY --

]]'Dpdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;onf ukd,fusifhoDvESifh jynfhpkHw,f? uvsmP"r®ac:wJh aumif;aomw&m;"r®awGESifhvnf; jynfhpkHaewJh olawmfaumif;jzpfw,f/ 'Dolawmfaumif;BuD;tzkdY pdwfuae awmifhwr,fqdkvQif awmifhwcsuf[lorQonf rcRwf{uef jynfhpkHEkdifw,fvdkY'Dvdk ewfawGu odjrifaeMuw,f/

tu,fí aemiftem*wfumvrSm pMu0aw;rif; jzpfcsifygw,fqkdwJh 'Dpdwfuav;wpfckom awmifhwvkdufyg/ awmifhwvkdufvQif 'DawmifhwcsufawGonf oDvpifMu,faeonfhtwGufaMumifh rcRwf{uef jynfhpkHvdrfhr,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ --

w&m;&SdwJhyk*¾dKvfqkdwm w&m;ESifhavsmfnDaewJh tusKd;w&m;awGukdBudrfzefrsm;pGm xyfumxyfum awGU&wwfygw,f}} --

'Dvkd oabmaygufNyD;awmh ewfawGu ighukd vmwkdufwGef;Mujcif;EId;aqmfMujcif; jzpfw,fqkdNyD; pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;u jyefNyD;awmh tajzay;w,f/

'gayrJhvkdY iguvnf; 'DewfawGukd ]]'DpMu0aw;rif;&JU pnf;pdrf[mvnf; jzpfNyD; ysufaewJh tedpöoabmw&m;om rSefw,f? rckdifcHhwJht'¨K0oabmw&m;om rSefw,f? wpfaeY y,fpGefYoGm;&rnfh w&m;omrSefw,fvkdY}} igu 'Dvkdjyefajymaewm qkdNyD;awmh pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;u olU&JU aqGrsKd;om;csif; rdwfaqGawGudk tajzay;w,f?ua,mifuwrf; a,mif,rf;jrnfwrf;NyD;awmh ajymcsif&mawG ajymaewmr[kwfbl;vdkY jyefNyD;awmh tajzay;vdkufw,f/

tJ'Dtydkif;rSmaygh? pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;rSm udk,fusifhoDvawGESifhb,fvdkjynfhpHkovJ¿ uvsmP"r®ac:wJh aumif;aomw&m;"r®awGESifhb,fyHk b,fyef; b,fenf;vrf;tm;jzifh jynfhpHkaeovJ¿ 'Dtydkif;udk'Dn enf;enf;csJUxGifNyD; a[mMunfhMu&atmifaemf .../

²²²

ggggg "r®uxdu Oygoum tausmftarmf jzpfwJh"r®uxdu Oygoum tausmftarmf jzpfwJh"r®uxdu Oygoum tausmftarmf jzpfwJh"r®uxdu Oygoum tausmftarmf jzpfwJh"r®uxdu Oygoum tausmftarmf jzpfwJh

pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;[mvnf;pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;[mvnf;pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;[mvnf;pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;[mvnf;pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;[mvnf;

,ck . . a*gwrbk&m;&Sif&JU,ck . . a*gwrbk&m;&Sif&JU,ck . . a*gwrbk&m;&Sif&JU,ck . . a*gwrbk&m;&Sif&JU,ck . . a*gwrbk&m;&Sif&JU

omoemawmfwGif;rSm . .omoemawmfwGif;rSm . .omoemawmfwGif;rSm . .omoemawmfwGif;rSm . .omoemawmfwGif;rSm . .

y#dorÇd'gÓPfav;yg;ukd &&SdwJhy#dorÇd'gÓPfav;yg;ukd &&SdwJhy#dorÇd'gÓPfav;yg;ukd &&SdwJhy#dorÇd'gÓPfav;yg;ukd &&SdwJhy#dorÇd'gÓPfav;yg;ukd &&SdwJh

tem*grf t&d,m olawmfaumif;BuD;tem*grf t&d,m olawmfaumif;BuD;tem*grf t&d,m olawmfaumif;BuD;tem*grf t&d,m olawmfaumif;BuD;tem*grf t&d,m olawmfaumif;BuD;

jzpfwJhtwGuf . . .jzpfwJhtwGuf . . .jzpfwJhtwGuf . . .jzpfwJhtwGuf . . .jzpfwJhtwGuf . . .(pmrsufESm -61/)


tcef; (3)

pdwåol<u,f\ yg&rDc&D;

y'krkwå&bk&m;&Sif ESifh pdwåol<u,ftavmif;tvsm

pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;[m urÇmwpfodef;ESifhcsDNyD;awmh yg&rDrsKd;aphxlaxmifcJhwJh olawmfaumif;BuD; jzpfygw,f/ 'DurÇmuae jyefa&wGufcJhr,fqdkvdkY&SdvQif vGefcJhwJh urÇmwpfodef;xufu avmurSm y'krkwå&jrwfpGmbk&m;ocif yGifhxGef;awmfrlcJhygw,f/

xdky'krkwå&jrwfpGmbk&m;omoemawmfwGif;ü 'Dpdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,um[m trsKd;aumif;om;wpfOD; olaX;om;wpfOD; jzpfcJhygw,f/

tJ'DolaX;om;u wpfaeY y'krkwå&bk&m;&SifxHoGm;NyD;awmh w&m;em,lwJh tcsdeftcg y'krkwå&bk&m;&Sifu vlOygoum 'g,umawGxJuw&m;a[maumif;wJh 'g,umwpfOD;udk "r®uxdut&mrSm tomqHk;tjrwfqHk;tjzpf {w'*fxm;awmfrlwmudk awGUjrifod&Sdvdkuf&w,f/

tJ'D {w'*fxm;awmfrlwJh 'g,umudk tm;usNyD;awmh pdwåol<u,ftavmif;jzpfwJh trsKd;aumif;om;uvnf; bk&m;trSL;&SdwJh oHCmawGudk

] 39


yifhzdwfNyD;awmh tvSL'geawGudk tBuD;tus,f jyKvkyfygw,f/ tBuD;tus,f jyKNyD;awmh bmvkyfovJ? trsKd;om;"r®uxdu{w'*f&mxl;udkqkawmif;yefxGmcJhygw,f/

qkawmif;yefxGmwJhtwGuf .. 'Dqkawmif;yefxGmrIawG jynfhpHkEdkifovm;vdkY 'Dvdkawmh ar;p&m&Sdygw,f/ tJ'DtcsufESifh ywfoufNyD;awmhbkef;BuD;wkdY bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJh t*¾yÜom'okwåefudkenf;enf; 'Dae&mrSm Mum;n§yfNyD; emMunfhMu&atmif/ t*¾yÜom'okwåefuawmh t*FkwådK&fygVdawmfrSm vm&Sdygw,f/

t*¾yÜom'okwåef

t*¾awm a0 yoEémeH? t*¾H "r®H 0dZmewH/ta*¾ Aka'¨ yoEémeH? 'u©daPa,s tEkwåa&/

ta*¾ "ar® yoEémeH? 0d&m*lyoar okac/ta*¾ oHaC yoEémeH? yknau©awå tEkwåa&/

t*¾o®ð 'geH ''wH? t*¾H yknH y0×wd/t*¾H tm,k p 0aPÖm p? ,aom udwåd okcH AvH/

t*¾ó 'gwm ar"m0D? t*¾"r®orm[dawm/a'0blawm rEkaóm 0g? t*¾yÜawåm yarm'wd/

(tH-1-344/)

t*¾H "r®H =t*¾H "r®H =t*¾H "r®H =t*¾H "r®H =t*¾H "r®H = tomqHk; tjrwfqHk;jzpfwJh w&m;xl; w&m;jrwfudk/0dZmewH =0dZmewH =0dZmewH =0dZmewH =0dZmewH = od&SdMuukefonfjzpfí/ [qkawmif;rnfh yk*¾dKvfawGbufrSmjynfhpHk&rnfh ta&;tBuD;qHk; t*Fg&yfwpfckyJaemf/]

t*¾H "r®H =t*¾H "r®H =t*¾H "r®H =t*¾H "r®H =t*¾H "r®H = tomqHk; tjrwfqHk;jzpfwJh w&m;xl; w&m;jrwfudk/0dZmewH =0dZmewH =0dZmewH =0dZmewH =0dZmewH = od&SdMuukefonfjzpfí/ a0 = a0 = a0 = a0 = a0 = pifppf{uef trSeftm;jzifh/t*¾awm =t*¾awm =t*¾awm =t*¾awm =t*¾awm = tomqHk; tjrwfqHk;jzpfwJh &wemoHk;yg;ü/ yoEémeH = yoEémeH = yoEémeH = yoEémeH = yoEémeH =MunfndKMuukefaom olwdkYtm;vnf;aumif;/

pdwåol<u,f\ yg&rDc&D; ] 41

'u©daPa,s ='u©daPa,s ='u©daPa,s ='u©daPa,s ='u©daPa,s = uHESifhtusKd; &nfudk;ajrmfoef tvSLaumif; tvSLrSef[lorQudk pdk;,lydkifo cH,lawmfrljcif;iSm xdkufwefawmfrlayxaom/tEkwåa& =tEkwåa& =tEkwåa& =tEkwåa& =tEkwåa& = omvGefol rxif tjrwfqkH; &wemt&Sif jzpfawmfrlayaom/ ta*¾ Aka'¨ = ta*¾ Aka'¨ = ta*¾ Aka'¨ = ta*¾ Aka'¨ = ta*¾ Aka'¨ = tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh bk&m;&wemü/yoEémeH =yoEémeH =yoEémeH =yoEémeH =yoEémeH = MunfndKMuukefaom olwkdYtm;vnf;aumif;/

0d&m*lyoar =0d&m*lyoar =0d&m*lyoar =0d&m*lyoar =0d&m*lyoar = &m*\ uif;jywfcsKyfNidrf;&m jzpfaom/ okac = okac = okac = okac = okac =csrf;omjcif;\taMumif;jzpfaom/ ta*¾ "ar® = ta*¾ "ar® = ta*¾ "ar® = ta*¾ "ar® = ta*¾ "ar® = tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh edAÁmefw&m;awmfjrwfü/ yoEémeH = yoEémeH = yoEémeH = yoEémeH = yoEémeH = MunfndKMuukefaom olwkdYtm;vnf;aumif;/

yknacawå tEkwåa& =yknacawå tEkwåa& =yknacawå tEkwåa& =yknacawå tEkwåa& =yknacawå tEkwåa& = aumif;rIwnf;[laom rsKd;aphukd MuJcspkdufysKd;&m tomqkH; tjrwfqkH; v,f,majraumif;ozG,f jzpfawmfrlaom/ ta*¾ oHaC = ta*¾ oHaC = ta*¾ oHaC = ta*¾ oHaC = ta*¾ oHaC = tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh oHCm&wemü/yoEémeH =yoEémeH =yoEémeH =yoEémeH =yoEémeH = MunfndKMuukefaom olwkdYtm;vnf;aumif;/

t*¾o®ð =t*¾o®ð =t*¾o®ð =t*¾o®ð =t*¾o®ð = tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh &wemokH;yg;ü/ 'geH = 'geH = 'geH = 'geH = 'geH = tvSL'geukd/ ''wH = ''wH = ''wH = ''wH = ''wH = ay;vSLMuukefaom olwkdYtm;vnf;aumif;/ --

t*¾H yknH =t*¾H yknH =t*¾H yknH =t*¾H yknH =t*¾H yknH = tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh ukokdvfaumif;rIonf/y0y0y0y0y0×××××wd =wd =wd =wd =wd = wkd;yGm;í vmay\/ t*¾H = t*¾H = t*¾H = t*¾H = t*¾H = tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh/tm,k p =tm,k p =tm,k p =tm,k p =tm,k p = touf&Snfjcif;onfvnf;aumif;/ 0aPÖm p = 0aPÖm p = 0aPÖm p = 0aPÖm p = 0aPÖm p = tqif;vSjcif;onfvnf;aumif;/ ,aom p = ,aom p = ,aom p = ,aom p = ,aom p = tjcHt&H rsm;jcif;onfvnf;aumif;/ udwåd p = udwåd p = udwåd p = udwåd p = udwåd p = ausmfapmjcif;onfvnf;aumif;/ okcÍö = okcÍö = okcÍö = okcÍö = okcÍö = ukd,f\csrf;omjcif; pdwf\csrf;omjcif;onfvnf;aumif;/ AvÍö = AvÍö = AvÍö = AvÍö = AvÍö = ukd,ftm;ÓPftm;onfvnf;aumif;/ y0 y0 y0 y0 y0×××××wd =wd =wd =wd =wd = wkd;yGm;í vmay\/

wo®m =wo®m =wo®m =wo®m =wo®m = xkdYaMumifh/ t*¾"r®orm[dawm = t*¾"r®orm[dawm = t*¾"r®orm[dawm = t*¾"r®orm[dawm = t*¾"r®orm[dawm = tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh w&m;&wemESifh jynfhpkHMuukefonfjzpfí/ t*¾ó = t*¾ó = t*¾ó = t*¾ó = t*¾ó = tomqkH;tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh &wemokH;yg;tm;/ 'gwm = 'gwm = 'gwm = 'gwm = 'gwm = ay;vSLavh&Sdaom/ ar"m0D ar"m0D ar"m0D ar"m0D ar"m0D


===== ynm&SdwJhyk*¾dKvfonf/ a'0blawm 0g = a'0blawm 0g = a'0blawm 0g = a'0blawm 0g = a'0blawm 0g = ewfjzpfaomfvnf;aumif;/rEkaóm 0g = rEkóblawm 0g = rEkaóm 0g = rEkóblawm 0g = rEkaóm 0g = rEkóblawm 0g = rEkaóm 0g = rEkóblawm 0g = rEkaóm 0g = rEkóblawm 0g = vljzpfaomfvnf;aumif;/ t*¾- t*¾- t*¾- t*¾- t*¾-yawåm =yawåm =yawåm =yawåm =yawåm = tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh tusKd;w&m;okdY a&muf&Sd&onfjzpfí/ yarm'wd = yarm'wd = yarm'wd = yarm'wd = yarm'wd = ESpfouf&Tifys 0rf;ajrmuf&ayownf;/

(om"k om"k om"k)

avmurSm &wem[lorQwkdYwGif tomqkH; tjrwfqkH; &wemubk&m;&wem w&m;&wem oHCm&wemqdkwJh &wemokH;yg;yJ jzpfygw,f/

tJ'D &wemokH;yg;ukd MunfndKaewJh yk*¾dKvfawG&JU oEÅmefrSmaomfvnf;aumif;ç tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh 'D&wemokH;yg;ukd vSL'gef;aewJhyk*¾dKvfawG&JU oEÅmefrSmaomfvnf;aumif; tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJhaumif;rIukokdvfawG[m wdk;yGm;vmw,f/ tvSL&Sifbufu jynfhpkH&rnfht*Fg&yfu bmvJvkdYar;awmh --

t*¾H "r®H 0dZmewH/

t*¾H "r®H =t*¾H "r®H =t*¾H "r®H =t*¾H "r®H =t*¾H "r®H = tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh w&m;xl; w&m;jrwfukd/0dZmewH =0dZmewH =0dZmewH =0dZmewH =0dZmewH = od&SdMuukefonfjzpfí/ - 'DtaMumif;av; wpfcsuf ygw,f/

tomqkH;tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh w&m;xl; w&m;jrwfukd odNyD;wJhtcg od&SdaewJh xkdolawmfaumif;u tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh &wemokH;yg;rSmaumif;rIukokdvfjyKcJhvQif tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh tusKd;w&m;awG&Ekdifw,fwJh/ tJ'D tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh tusKd;w&m;awGu bmawGvJvkdYar;awmh tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh touf&Snfjcif;ç tqif;vSjcif;ç tjcHt&Hrsm;jcif;ç *kPfowif;ausmfapmjcif;ç ukd,fcsrf;omjcif;pdwfcsrf;omjcif;ç ukd,ftm;BuD;jcif; ÓPftm;BuD;jcif;qkdwJh 'DtomqHk;tjrwfqkH; tusKd;w&m;awGyJ jzpfMuw,f/

'gaMumifh tomqHk; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh w&m;xl; w&m;jrwfawGESifhjynfhpkHNyD;wJh tcsdeftcgrSm tomqHk; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh &wemokH;yg;ukd


ay;vSLavh&SdwJh yk*¾dKvf[m vljzpfcsifjzpfygap? ewfjzpfcsifvnf;jzpfygap?tomqHk; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh tusKd;w&m;awGukd &&SdNyD;awmh xkdxkdb0rSmESpfouf &Tifvef; 0rf;ajrmufNyD;awmh ae&ygvdrfhr,f - qkdNyD;awmh 'DtaMumif;t&mudk jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifu t*¾yÜom'okwåefrSm a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/

tJ'DykHpHtwkdif;yJ pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;uvnf; vGefcJhwJhurÇmwpfodef;xufu y'krkwå&jrwfpGmbk&m; omoemawmftwGif;rSm"r®uxdu {w'*f&mxl;ukd arQmfrSef;NyD;awmh bk&m;trSL;&SdwJh oHCmawGukd tvSL'ge tBuD;tus,f jyKcJhygw,f/ tBuD;tus,f jyKNyD;awmhxkd"r®uxdu&mxl;ukd vSrf;NyD;awmh qkawmif;yefxGmawmfrlcJhygw,f/

y'krkwå&bk&m;&Sifonf avmurSm vlwkdY oufwrf;tm;jzifh tESpfwpfodef;wrf;rSm yGifhxGef;ay:aygufawmfrlwJh bk&m;&Sifjzpfygw,f/ &[ef;oHCmawmftaygif;wpfodef;wdkYu bk&m;&Siftm; tjrJwrf; jcH&Hvsuf&Sdygw,f/ bk&m;trSL;&SdwJh oHCmawmfwpfodef;wdkYtm; rdrdtdrfodkY yifhzdwfum tvSL'geyGJBuD;awGudk usif;yEdkifcJhw,fqkdvQif tJ'DtvSL'geyGJBuD;[m b,favmufBuD;us,fr,fqdkwm cefYrSef;Munfhyg/ tESpfwpfodef;twGif;rSm xdktrsKd;aumif;om;[m 'gepwJh aumif;rIukokdvfawGukdqnf;yl;NyD;awmh oDvusifhpOf orm"dusifhpOf ynmusifhpOf .. qdkwJhyg&rDaumif;rIukodkvfxl;awGukd tESpfwpfodef;twGif;rSm xkd"r®uxdu{ww*f&mxl;twGuf arQmfrSef;NyD;awmh qnf;yl;cJhygw,f/

y#dorÇd'gÓPf

'Dvdk qnf;yl;wJhae&mrSm y#dorÇd'gÓPfukd &&SdapEdkifwJh yg&rDrsKd;aphaumif;awGudkyg qnf;yl;cJhygw,f/ 'Dae&mrSm pdwåol<u,f ausmif;-'g,umBuD;&JU y#dorÇd'gÓPftaMumif;ESifh qufpyfNyD; xyfNyD;awmhajymcsifao;w,f/ tcsKdUtcsKdUaom t&d,molawmfaumif;awG[m


t&d,r*fÓPf zdkvfÓPfwdkYudk &&SdwJhtcgrSm y#dorÇd'gÓPfwdkYudkyg yl;wGJNyD; &&SdawmfrlMuygw,f/ y#dorÇd'gÓPftaMumif;t&mESifh ywfoufvdkY0dok'¨dr*¾t|uxm 'kwd,wGJ pmrsufESm (70) ponfrSm zGifhqdkxm;wJhzGifhqdkcsuftcsKdUukd aumufEkwfNyD; wifjyvdkygw,f/ y#dorÇd'gÓPfawmfjrwf av;yg; &Sdygw,f/ bmawGvJ¿ --

1/ tw¬y#dorÇd'gÓPfç2/ "r®y#dorÇd'gÓPfç3/ ed½kwådy#dorÇd'gÓPfç4/ y#dbmey#dorÇd'gÓPf - qdkNyD; av;yg; &Sdygw,f/

tw¬y#dorÇd'gÓPf

tw¬qdkwmu tusKd;w&m;udk qdkvdkygw,f/ y#dorÇd'gqdkwmuawmh xdk;xGif;odwwfwJh ÓPfudk qdkvdkygw,f/ tb,ftusKd;w&m;awGudk xkd;xGif;odovJvdkYqdkvQif 'ku©opöm trnf&wJh tusKd;w&m;awGudk xdk;xGif;odwwfwJh ÓPfudk qdkvdkygw,f/

0dok'dr*¾t|uxmuawmh --

a[wkzvH [d ,o®m a[wktEkoma&e t&d,wd t"d*rd,wdorÜmykPd,wd? wo®m taw¬mwd 0kpöwd/ (0dok'd-2-70/)

[d =[d =[d =[d =[d = rSef\/ a[wkzvH = a[wkzvH = a[wkzvH = a[wkzvH = a[wkzvH = taMumif;\tusKd;udk/ ,o®m = ,o®m = ,o®m = ,o®m = ,o®m = tMuifaMumifh/ a[wktEkoma&e = a[wktEkoma&e = a[wktEkoma&e = a[wktEkoma&e = a[wktEkoma&e = jzpfapwwfaom edAÁwåutaMumif;çodapwwfaom ÓyutaMumif;ç aumif;pGma&mufapwwfaomorÜmyutaMumif;[lonfh taMumif;oHk;yg;udk tpOfavQmufojzifh/0g? taMumif;oHk;yg;udk tpOfavQmufaomÓPfjzifh/ t&d,wd t"d*rd- t&d,wd t"d*rd- t&d,wd t"d*rd- t&d,wd t"d*rd- t&d,wd t"d*rd-,wd orÜmykPd,wd =,wd orÜmykPd,wd =,wd orÜmykPd,wd =,wd orÜmykPd,wd =,wd orÜmykPd,wd = a&muftyf\/ wo®m = wo®m = wo®m = wo®m = wo®m = xdkYaMumifh/ taw¬mwd taw¬mwd taw¬mwd taw¬mwd taw¬mwd===== tw¬[lí/ 0kpöwd = 0kpöwd = 0kpöwd = 0kpöwd = 0kpöwd = qdktyf\/


taMumif;w&m;aMumifh jzpfay:vmwJh tusKd;w&m;udk a[wkzvvdkYac:ygw,f/ taMumif;w&m;awGuvnf; jzpfapwwfwJh edAÁwåutaMumif;ç odapwwfwJh ÓyutaMumif;ç aumif;pGmqkdufa&mufapwwfwJh orÜmyutaMumif;vkdY taMumif; okH;rsKd;&Sdygw,f/ 'DtaMumif;w&m;awGukd tpOfavQmufaomÓPfjzifh a&muftyf &tyf odtyfwJhtwGuf taMumif;&JUtusKd;udk tw¬vkdY ac:ygw,f/

'Dvkdqkdawmh tJ'Dtw¬awGu bmawGvJvkdY ar;p&m&Sdw,f/ 'Dawmht|uxmu b,fvkd tajzay;xm;ovJ¿ --

yab'awm ye ,H udÍöd ypö,orÇLwHç edAÁmeHç bmodwaw¬mç0dygaumç ud&d,mwd £ar yÍö "r®m taw¬mwd a0'dwAÁm/

(0dok'd-2-70/)

'Dvkd t|uxmu zGifhqkd&Sif;vif;xm;ygw,f/ t|uxm&JU qkdvkd&if;uawmh 'Dvkdyg/ tw¬u ig;rsKd; &Sdygw,f/

ypö,orÇLw --eHygwf (1) tw¬uawmh ypö,orÇLww&m;tm;vkH; jzpfygw,f/

ypö,orÇLww&m;qkdwmu bmvJ¿ taMumif;w&m;aMumifh jzpfay:vm&wJh tusKd;w&m;tm;vkH;ukd ypö,orÇLww&m;vkdY ac:ygw,f/jzpfapwwfwJh taMumif;w&m; (= edAÁwåutaMumif;w&m;) aMumifhjzpfay:vmwJh tusKd;w&m;tm;vkH;yJ? 'ku©opömw&m;pkawG jzpfMuygw,f/ tJ'D taMumif;aMumifhjzpfwJhtusKd;ukd xkd;xGif;odwwfwJh ÓPfutw¬y#dorÇd'gÓPf jzpfygw,f/

edAÁmef --eHygwf (2) tw¬uawmh edAÁmefjzpfygw,f/ edAÁmefudk a&mufapwwf

wJh taMumif;w&m;awGudk orÜmyutaMumif;w&m;vdkY ac:ygw,f/'D orÜmyutaMumif;w&m;awGuawmh r*¾if&Spfyg; usifhpOfw&m;wkdY


jzpfMuygw,f/ tJ'D r*¾if&Spfyg; usifhpOfw&m;vdkY ac:qdkwJh orÜmyutaMumif;w&m;awGudk tpOfavQmufojzifh xdkedAÁmefudk odtyf-a&muftyf-&tyfwJhtwGuf edAÁmefw&m;awmfjrwfudkvnf; tw¬vdkYac:ygw,f/opöma'oemawmfenf;t& eda&m"opömw&m; jzpfygw,f/ tJ'DedAÁmefudkxdk;xGif;odwwfwJh ÓPf[mvnf; tw¬y#dorÇd'gÓPf jzpfygw,f/

bmodww¬ --aemufeHygwf (3) tw¬uawmh bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;awmfrltyfwJh

w&m;awmf\ teuft"dyÜg,f odkYr[kwf bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;awmfrltyfwJh w&m;pum;vHk;wdkY&JU qdkvdk&if; teufoabmukdvnf; tw¬vdkY ac:ygw,f/ bmodww¬vdkY qdkvdkygw,f/ tJ'D bmodww¬ ac:wJh bk&m;a[mw&m;awGudk pepfwus od&Sdem;vnfolawGu od&Sdonfhtwkdif; vkdufemjyKusifhygu oifodtqifhrS usifhodtqifhodkY a&muf&SdoGm;ygvdrfhr,f/

bk&m;a[mw&m;awGudk tusOf;csKyfvdkufawmh oDvusifhpOf orm"dusifhpOf ynmusifhpOfawGyJ jzpfMuygw,f/ 'DusifhpOfawGudk wu,faygufaygufa&mufa&muf atmifatmifjrifjrif vdkufemjyKusifhygu 'DusifhpOfawGrSm opömav;yg; tp&SdwJh w&m;xl;w&m;jrwfawGudk xdk;xGif;odapwwfwJh ÓPfqdkwJh tusKd;w&m;awGudk &&SdEdkifygw,f/ 'gaMumifhbk&m;&Sif a[mMum;awmfrltyfaom w&m;awmfawG[m odwwfwJhÓPfjzifh xdk;xGif;odtyfwJh w&m;awGjzpfvdkY bmodww¬vdkY ac:ygw,f/'gaMumifh tJ'Dbk&m;a[mw&m;awmfawG&JU teuft"dyÜg,fudk odwwfwJhÓPf[mvnf; tw¬y#dorÇd'gÓPf jzpfygw,f/

0dygu --tusKd;0dygufw&m;tm;vHk;udkvnf; tw¬vdkY ac:ygw,f/ 'DtusKd;

0dygufw&m;awGu ukodkvfuH tukodkvfuHawGaMumifh jzpfay:vm&wJhtusKd;0dygufw&m;awG jzpfMuygw,f/ ukodkvfuH tukodkvfuHawGudkxdk;xGif;odwwfwJh ÓPfu "r®y#dorÇd'gÓPf? ukodkvf tukodkvfwdkY&JU


tusKd;0dygufawGudk xkd;xGif;odwwfwJh ÓPfu tw¬y#dorÇd'gÓPfjzpfygw,f/ (tbd-2-307-308/)

ud&d, --aemuf tw¬ wpfckuawmh - ud&d,m pdwf-apwoduf w&m;pkwdkY

jzpfMuygw,f/ t&[wår*f t&[wåzdkvfodkY qdkufa&mufNyD;awmfrlMuwJh&[EÅmt&SifjrwfawGvnf; 'ge-oDv-orx-0dyóempwJh aumif;rIawGudk jyKvkyfMuygw,f/

'gayrJh olwdkYjyKwJh tJ'Daumif;rIawG[m aemufxyf tusKd;wpfpHkwpf&mudk jzpfapEdkifwJh pGrf;tm;r&SdvdkY jyKumrwåomjzpfvdkY ud&d,mvdkYac:ygw,f/ 'gejyKpOfç oDvudk jzLpifatmif jznfhusifhpOfç arwåmbm0emur®|mef; pD;jzef;jcif;pwJh orxusifhpOfawGudk usifhpOfç t&[wåzdkvformywf0ifpm;zdkY&ef pwJh &nf&G,fcsufjzifh 0dyóemusifhpOfawGudkusifhoHk;pOf olwdkYoEÅmefrSm pdwftpOfawG (= pdwfapwodufw&m;awG)jzpfaeMuygw,f/ 'DpdwftpOfawG[m aemufxyftusKd;w&m;udk jzpfapEdkifwJh pGrf;tm;awG r&SdvdkY jyKumrwåomjzpfvdkY ud&d,mvdkY ac:ygw,f/'Dvdk ud&d,mrQom jzpfjcif;[mvnf; t&[wår*f t&[wåzdkvfaMumifhom jzpfay:vm&wJhtwGuf tw¬vdkYyJ ac:ygw,f/ tJ'Dtw¬udk xdk;xGif;odwJh ÓPfudkvnf; tw¬y#dorÇd'gÓPfvdkY ac:ygw,f/ tJ'D 0dyguw&m;ESifh ud&d,mw&m;wdkY[mvnf; 'ku©opömw&m;pkxJrSmyJ tusKH;0ifMuygw,f/ 'gaMumifh 'ku©opömtaMumif;ukd tenf;i,f xyfrHNyD;&Sif;vif;wifjyvdkygw,f/

oHcdawåe yÍöKyg'geu©E¨m 'ku©m/ (oH-3-369/ r-1-82/)

tusOf;tm;jzifh Oyg'geu©Emig;yg;onf 'ku©opömrnfw,fvdkY bk&m;&Sifu "r®pMum a'oemawmfç r[mowdy|meokwåef a'oemawmftp&SdwJh a'oemawmfawGrSm a[mMum;xm;awmfrlcJhygw,f/ wpfzef


bk&m;&Sifu r[mowdy|meokwåef (r-1-84/) rSmyJ tusOf;csKyftm;jzifh'ku©opöm trnf&wJh Oyg'geu©E¨mig;yg;qdkwm --

1/ ½lykyg'geu©E¨mç

2/ a0'Ekyg'geu©E¨mç

3/ onKyg'geu©E¨mç

4/ ocFg½kyg'geu©E¨mç

5/ 0dnmPkyg'geu©E¨m --

wdkY jzpfaMumif;udkvnf; qufvufa[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/

bmudk ½lykyg'geu©EmvdkY ac:qdkygovJ¿ 'Dar;cGef;&JU tajzudkawmhbk&m;&Sif udk,fawmfwdkifu cE¨0*¾oH,kwfygVdawmf cE¨okwåefrSm 'Dvkda[mMum;xm;awmfrlcJhygw,f/ --

,H udÍöd bdu©a0 ½lyH twDwmem*wypöKyÜEéH tZÑwåH 0g A[d'¨g 0gMoVm&duH 0g okckrH 0g [DeH 0g yPDwH 0g ,H 'la& oEÅdau 0g omo0HOyg'ged,H? t,H 0kpöwd ½lykyg'geu©aE¨m/ (oH-2-39/)

]]&[ef;wdkY ...tmoa0gw&m;wdkY\ tm½kHjzpfaom wPSm'd|dwdkYjzifh]ig igh[m}[k pJG,l&mjzpfaom twdwf-tem*wf-ypöKyÜefjzpfaom tvHk;pHkaom ½kyfw&m;onfvnf;aumif;? tZÑwå-A[d'jzpfaom tvHk;pHkaom½kyfw&m;onfvnf;aumif;? ½kefY&if;Murf;wrf;aom MoVm&duç odrfarGUEl;nHhaom okckrjzpfaom tvHk;pHkaom ½kyfw&m;onfvnf;aumif;?,kwfnHhaom [Deç rGefjrwfaom yPDwjzpfaom tvHk;pHkaom ½kyfw&m;onfvnf;aumif;? a0;aom 'l&ç eD;aom oEÅdujzpfaom tvHk;pHkaom½kyfw&m;onfvnf;aumif; &Sd\/ þtvHk;pHkaom (11)rsKd;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh wnfaeaom ½kyfw&m;tpktyHkonf ½lykyg'geu©E¨mrnf\/}}


'Dvdk bk&m;&Sifu a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/ tvm;wlyJ a0'Ekyg'geu©EmpwJh emrfcEm (4)yg;udkvnf; yHkpHwlyJ qufvufNyD; a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/ 'gaMumifh twdwf tem*wf ypöKyÜef tZÑwå A[d'¨pwJh (11)rsKd;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh wnfaeMuwJh tmoa0gw&m;wdkY\ tm½kHjzpfwJh wPSm-'d|dwdkYjzifh - ]]igyJ igh[myJ}}vdkY pJG,l&mjzpfwJh½kyfw&m;tpktyHk a0'emw&m;tpktyHk onmw&m;tpktyHk ocFg&w&m;tpktyHk 0dnmPfw&m;tpktyHkawGudk - ½lykyg'geu©E¨m a0'Ekyg'geu©E¨m onKyg'geu©E¨m ocFg½kyg'geu©E¨m 0dnmPkyg'geu©E¨mvkdYtoD;toD; ac:qdkygw,f/ tJ'D Oyg'geu©E¨m ig;yg;onf 'ku©opömw&m; jzpfw,f/ tJ'D 'ku©opömw&m;udk xdk;xGif;odwwfwJh ÓPfudktw¬y#dorÇd'gÓPfvdkY ac:qdkygw,f/ 'gaMumifh bk&m;&Sifu --

'kau© ÓPH tw¬y#dorÇd'g/ (tbd-2-307-308/)

'ku©opömü xdk;xGif;odwwfaom ÓPfonf tw¬y#dorÇd'gÓPfrnf\vdkY a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/

"r®y#dorÇd'gÓPf

'kwd,y#dorÇd'gÓPfuawmh "r®y#dorÇd'gÓPf jzpfygw,f/ "r®y#dorÇd'gÓPfESifh ywfoufvdkY 0dok'dr*¾t|uxmq&mawmfu 'Dvkdtwdkaumuf &Sif;vif;wifjyxm;ygw,f/

yab'awm ye a,m aumpd zvedAÁwåaum a[wkç t&d,ra*¾gçbmodwHç ukovHç tukovEÅd £ar yÍö "r®m "ar®mwd a0'dwAÁH/

(0dok'd-2-71/)

'Dae&mrSm "r®qdkwmu taMumif;w&m;udk ac:qdkygw,f/ taMumif;w&m;u xdkxdktusKd;w&m; jzpfay:vmatmif pDvnf;pD&ifwwfw,f?jzpfvnf;jzpfapwwfw,f? xkdxdktusKd;w&m;udk a&mufatmifvnf;tusKd;ay;wwfw,f/ 'gaMumifh taMumif;w&m;udk "r®vdkY ac:w,f/


tJ'D "r®ac:wJh taMumif;w&m;udkvnf; --

1/ tusKd;udk jzpfapwwfwJh taMumif;w&m;ç2/ t&d,r*fç3/ bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;awmfrltyfaom w&m;pum;ç4/ ukodkvfç5/ tukodkvf -- vdkY ig;rsKd; jyxm;ygw,f/

eHygwf (1) jzpfwJh tusKd;udk jzpfapwwfwJh taMumif;w&m;ç eHygwf(4) ukodkvfç eHygwf (5) tukodkvf 'D (3)rsKd;vHk;uawmh opöma'oemawmfenf;t& ork',opömw&m;rsm;yif jzpfMuygw,f/ eHygwf (2)jzpfwJh t&d,r*fw&m;uawmh edAÁmefudk a&mufapwwfwJh orÜmyutaMumif;w&m;yJ jzpfygw,f/ tvm;wlyJ bmodwac:wJh bk&m;pum;awmfawG[mvnf; vdkufemjyKusifholawGudk vlewfedAÁmef oHk;wefaomcsrf;omodkY a&mufapaMumif;jzpfvkdY "r®vdkYyJ ac:ygw,f/ xdk"r®ig;rsKd;üxdk;xGif;odwwfwJh ÓPfonf "r®y#dorÇd'gÓPf jzpfygw,f/ 'Dae&mrSmork',opömtaMumif;udk xyfrHcsJUxGifNyD; &Sif;jyzdkYawmh vdkygw,f/

'ku©ork'a, ÓPH "r®y#dorÇd'g/ (tbd-2-307/)

'ku©jzpfaMumif; ork',opömü xdk;xGif;odwwfaom ÓPfonf"r®y#dorÇd'gÓPf rnfw,fvdkY 'Dvdk bk&m;&Sifu a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/ 'ku©jzpfaMumif; ork',opömqdkwmu bmvJ¿ --

tbd"r®m 0dbif;ygVdawmf (tbd-2-112-117/) rSm bk&m;&Sifonfork',opömudk (5)enf;cJGí a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/

1/ wPSmudkvnf; ork',opömvdkY bk&m;&Sifu a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/

2/ wPSmESifhwuG udavomtm;vHk;udkvnf; ork',opömvdkY a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/


3/ wPSmudavomESifhwuG tukodkvfw&m;tm;vkH;udkvnf; ork',opömvkdY a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/ ['guawmh tukodkvfw&m;tm;vHk;udk ork',opömvdkY a[mawmfrlwJh enf;jzpfygw,f/]

4/ tukodkvfw&m;tm;vHk;ESifhwuG tmoa0gw&m;wdkY\ tm½kH jzpfwJhtavmb ta'go tarm[ qdkwJh ukodkvfrlvw&m; (3)yg;udkvnf; ork',opömvkdY a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/

5/ tukodkvfw&m;tm;vHk;ESifhwuG tmoa0gw&m;wdkY\ tm½kHjzpfwJhoHo&m0#fukd vnfywfapwwfwJh ukodkvfw&m;tm;vHk;udkvnf;ork',opömvkdY a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/

'D ygVdawmfBuD;udk udk;um;NyD; 0dok'¨dr*¾t|uxmESifh oar®m[0daem'eDt|uxmwdkYu --

ww¬ ,o®m ukovmukovH ur®H t0daoaoe ork',opöEÅdopö0dba*F 0kwåH? (0dok'¨d-2-216/ tbd-|-2-185/)

apwemonf uH-rnfw,f? apwemESifh ,SOfaom orÜ,kwfw&m;tm;vHk;onfyif uH-rnfw,fvdkY 'Dvdk xl;xl;axGaxG rajymawmhbJ]]b0udk jzpfapEdkifwJh pGrf;tm;&SdwJh tmoa0gw&m;wkdY&JU tm½kHjzpfwJhukodkvfuH tukodkvfuH rSeforQudk ork',opöm}} - vdkY bk&m;&Sifua[mMum;xm;awmfrlaMumif;udk zGifhqdkxm;Muygw,f/

ememu©Pduur®

'Dvdk b0wpfckudk jzpfapEdkifwJh pGrf;tm;&SdwJh uHrsKd;udk bk&m;&Sifuy|mef;a'oemawmfrSm ememu©Pdu-ur®ypönf;qdkwJh trnfwyfuma[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/ - a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu y#dpöorkyÜg'fydkif;ukdtEkaAm"ÓPf y#da0"ÓPfwkdYjzifh udk,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifatmif ½I&rSmjzpfwJhtwGuf 'Dur®ypönf;taMumif;udkvnf; vkd&if;


tcsufavmufudkawmh odxm;oifhw,f/

ur®ypöa,emwd taeumerÜd uyÜaum#DeH rw¬au twåaem zvHOyÜga'wHk oraw¬e ememu©Pduur®ypöa,emwd taw¬m/ ukovm-ukovO§d ur®H twåaem y0wådu©aP zvH e a'wd/ ,'d 'a',s? ,HrEkaóm a'0avmuly*H ukovur®H ua&mwd? wómEkbma0ewo®ða,0 caP a'a0g ba0,s/ ,o®ð ye caP wH uwH? wawmtno®ð caP t0dZÆrmerÜd au0vH u#wåma,0 'da|0 "ar® OyyaZÆ0g tya& 0g y&d,ma, t0aooypö,orma,ma* owd zvHOyÜga'wd ed½k'¨gyd yk&drodyÜg'dud&d,m 0d, umvEÅa& ypädrodyÜg'dud&d-,m,/ wo®m ememu©Pduur®ypöa,mwd 0kpöwd/ (tbd-|-3-374/)

ur®ypö,owådjzifh aus;Zl;jyKw,fqdkwm - urÇmaygif; uka#aygif;rsm;pGmwdkYtxufu jyKpkysKd;axmifcJhonfyif jzpfcsifjzpfygap - rdrd&JUtusKd;udk jzpfapEdkifwJh pGrf;tm;&SdaewJh ememu©Pduur®ypö,owådjzifhaus;Zl;jyKay;jcif;udk qdkvdkygw,f/ ememu©Pduur®ypönf;qdkwmutaMumif;jzpfwJhuHESifh tusKd;0dygufwdkY[m rwluJGjym;aomcP rwluJGjym;wJh tcsdefumv&SdwJh taMumif;uHrsKd;vdkY qdkvdkygw,f/ b,fvdkrwluGJjym;wJhcP &SdwmvJ¿ --

ukokdvfuH tukokdvfuHqkdwmu rdrdjzpfqJcPrSm b,fawmhrStusKd;ray;Ekdifbl;/ tu,fí uHawG[m rdrdjzpfaeqJ cPrSmyJ tusKd;ay;Ekdifw,fqkdvQif vlom;wpfOD;[m ewfjynfokdY a&mufaMumif;jzpfwJhuHwpfckukd jyKpkysKd;axmifw,f qkdMuygpkdY? tJ'D ukokdvfuH&JU pGrf;tm;&Sdefapmf tmEkabmfaMumifh xkdukokdvfuHukd jyKpkysKd;axmifqJ cPrSmyJcsufcsif; ewfom; jzpfav&mw,f/ okdYaomf ewfom;awmh csufcsif;rjzpfoGm;ygbl;/ tMuifcPrSm xkduHukd jyKpkysKd;axmifw,f? xkduHukdjyKpkysKd;axmifwJhcPrS tjcm;wpfyg;aomcPrSm - 'DuHqkdwJh apwem[m okdYr[kwf apwemOD;aqmifwJh ocFg&w&m;pk[m Oyg'f-XD-bif


tm;jzifh xif&Sm; r&Sdaomfvnf; - uHukd jyKpkysKd;axmifNyD;jcif; qkdwJhtaMumif;oufoufaMumifhyJ ...

1/ 'd|"r®a0'eD,uH jzpfvQif rsufarSmufxifxif ½IjriftyfwJh b0rSmç

2/ OyyZÆa0'eD,uH jzpfvQif vmrnfhtem*wfb0 (= 'kwd,b0)rSmç

3/ ty&my&d,a0'eD,uH jzpfvQif wwd, tem*wfb0u pNyD;tqufquf a&mufxkdufaom tem*wfb0rSm --

ukokdvfuHjzpfvQif *wdorÜwåd Oy"dorÜwåd umvorÜwåd ya,m*orÜwådqkdwJh taMumif;w&m;awGESifh aygif;qkHrdwJhtcgç tukokdvfuHjzpfvQif *wd0dywåd Oy"d0dywåd umv0dywåd ya,m*0dywådqkdwJh taMumif;w&m;awGESifh aygif;qkHrdwJhtcg tusKd;w&m;ukd jzpfapEkdifygw,f/

bmESifh OyrmwlovJqkdvQif uGefysLwmvkd twwfynm wpfckukdoif,lwJhtcg a&S;a&S;twwfoif,lrI[m aemufaemuftwwfoif,lrItm; tajccHtjzpfjzifh aus;Zl;jyK&mü umvcsif;rwlbJ umvwpfyg;ukda&muf&SdygrS aus;Zl;jyKovkd - tvm;wlyJ uHqkdwJh apwemuvnf;jyKpkysKd;axmifqJcP (= Oyg'f-XD-biftm;jzifh xif&Sm;&SdaeqJcP) rSmtusKd;0dygufw&m;ukd jzpfay:vmatmif aus;Zl;rjyKbl;? aemufaemufcPokdY a&muf&SdygrS tusKd;0dygufw&m;ukd jzpfay:vmatmif aus;Zl;jyKay;w,f/ 'gaMumifh ememu©Pduur®ypö, = tusKd;ay;&m cPrSrwlxl;jcm; uGJjym;wJh cPrSm jzpfwJh ur®ypönf; (uH-taMumif;w&m;)vkdY ac:qkdw,f/ 'Dvkd ur®owådukd 'D ork',opömykdif;rSm qkdvkdw,fvkdYrSwfom;xm;yg/

aemufwpfck &Sdao;w,f/ [kd t*FkwådK&fygVdawmf wduedygwf wdw¬m-,weokwåefrSmawmh bk&m;&Sifu 'Dvkd a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/

uwrÍö bdu©a0 'ku©ork',H t&d,opöH¿ t0dZÆmypö,m ocFg&m?ocFg&ypö,m 0dnmPH? 0dnmPypö,m emr½lyH? emr½lyypö,m oVm-


,weH? oVm,weypö,m zaóm? zóypö,m a0'em? a0'emypö,mwPSm? wPSmypö,m Oyg'geH? Oyg'geypö,m ba0g? b0ypö,m Zmwd?Zmwdypö,m Z&mr&PH aomuy&da'0'ku©a'greókyg,mom orÇ0EÅd/{0arwó au0vó 'ku©u©E¨ó ork'a,m a[mwd/ £'H 0kpöwdbdu©a0 'ku©ork',H t&d,opöH/ (tH-1-178/)

'guawmh wdw¬m,weokwåefrSm ork',opömqkdwm bmudk qkdvkdw,fqkdwmukd bk&m;&Sifu a[mMum;xm;awmfrlcsuf jzpfygw,f/ bmukdqkdvkdovJ¿ --

&[ef;wkdY ...'ku©jzpfaMumif; ork',t&d,opömqkdwm bmvJvkdY'Dvkdar;cGef;xkwfNyD; bk&m;&Sifukd,fawmfwkdifu jyefNyD; tajzay;xm;ygw,f/ b,fvkd tajzay;ovJ¿ --

t0dZÆm jzpfjcif;aMumifh ocFg&jzpf\? ocFg& jzpfjcif;aMumifh 0dnmPfjzpf\? 0dnmPf jzpfjcif;aMumifh emrf½kyfjzpf\? emrf½kyf jzpfjcif;aMumifhoVm,wejzpf\? oVm,we jzpfjcif;aMumifh zójzpf\? zójzpfjcif;aMumihf a0'emjzpf\? a0'em jzpfjcif;aMumifh wPSmjzpf\?wPSm jzpfjcif;aMumifh Oyg'gefjzpf\? Oyg'gef jzpfjcif;aMumifh b0jzpf\?b0jzpfjcif;aMumifh Zmwdjzpf\? Zmwdjzpfjcif;aMumifh Z&m r&P aomuy&da'0 'ku© a'greó Oyg,mowkdYonf jzpfMuukef\/ þokdYvQifcsrf;omrzuf oufoufaom 'ku©wkH; 'ku©tpktykHonf jzpf\/

&[ef;wkdY ...þaMumif;usKd;qufEG,frI y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;ukd 'ku©jzpfaMumif; ork',t&d,opömw&m;[lí ac:qkdtyfay\/

'Dvkd jrwfpGmbk&m;u a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/

aemufwpfck - txufyg ygVdawmfBuD;rsm;enf;wl y#dorÇd'gr*¾ygVdawmfBuD; (y#doH-50/) uvnf; --


twdwfb0u jyKpkysKd;axmifcJhwJh t0dZÆm-wPSm-Oyg'gef-ocFg&-uH qkdwJh taMumif;w&m;ig;yg; ork',opömw&m;aMumifh 'Db0rSm0dnmPf-emrf½kyf-oVm,we-zó-a0'em qkdwJh tusKd;w&m;ig;yg;'ku©opömw&m;jzpfykHç ,ckypöKyÜefb0wGif jyKpkysKd;axmifvkdufwJh jyKpkysKd;axmifxm;wJh t0dZÆm-wPSm-Oyg'gef-ocFg&-uHqkdwJh taMumif;w&m;ig;yg; ork',opömw&m;awGaMumifh tem*wfb0wGif 0dnmPf-emrf½kyf-oVm,we-zó-a0'em qkdwJh tusKd;w&m;ig;yg; 'ku©opömw&m; xif&Sm;jzpfykHukdvnf; a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/

'gaMumifh t0dZÆm-wPSm-Oyg'gefwkdY jcH&Hvsuf jyKpkysKd;axmifxm;wJhukokdvfuH okdYr[kwf tukokdvfuHqkdwJh ork',opömaMumifh cEmig;yg;'ku©opömw&m;wkdY xif&Sm;jzpfykHukd [kwfwkdif;rSefpGmodvQif ork',opömukd odonf rnfygw,f/ tJ'Dork',opömukd xkd;xGif;odjrifwJh ÓPfukd"r®y#dorÇd'gÓPfvkdY ac:ygw,f/

tvm;wlyJ tkdjcif;aojcif;qkdwJh Z&mr&Pukd okdYr[kwf Z&mr&P&SdwJh cE¨mwkdYukd odwwfwJhÓPfu tw¬y#dorÇd'gÓPf jzpfw,f/ Z&mr&P&JU taMumif;&if; ork',udk (= Zmwdudk = Zmwdoabm&SdwJhcE¨mwkdYukd) odwwfwJhÓPfu "r®y#dorÇd'gÓPf jzpfw,f/ Z&mr&P\csKyf&m eda&m"ukd okdYr[kwf Z&mr&P\csKyf&m eda&m"-edAÁmefukdxkd;xGif;odwwfwJh ÓPfu tw¬y#dorÇd'gÓPf jzpfw,f/ Z&mr&P\csKyf&m eda&m"okdY a&mufaMumif; usifhpOfjzpfwJh r*¾opömw&m;ukd xkd;xGif;odwwfwJhÓPfu "r®y#dorÇd'gÓPf jzpfw,f/ ocFg&-0dnmPf-emrf½kyf-oVm,we-zó-a0'em-wPSm-Oyg'gef-b0-ZmwdwkdYrSmvnf; ykHpHwlyJ qufvufa[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/ y#dpöorkyÜg'ft*Fg&yf wpfckwpfckrSm opöm (4)yg;pD jzpfygw,f/ 'gaMumifh opöm (4)yg;rSm 'ku©opömESifh eda&m"opömukd xkd;xGif;odwwfwJh ÓPfu tw¬y#dorÇd'gÓPf?ork',opömESifh r*¾opömukd xkd;xGif;odwwfwJh ÓPfu "r®y#dorÇd'g


ÓPfwkdY jzpfMuygw,f/

wwd,ajrmufjzpfwJh y#dorÇd'gÓPfuawmh ed½kwådy#dorÇd'gÓPfjzpfygw,f/

ed½kwådy#dorÇd'gÓPf

ckajymcJhNyD;wJh tw¬y#dorÇd'gÓPfjzifh xkd;xGif;od&rnfh tw¬ig;rsKd;ç"r®y#dorÇd'gÓPfjzifh xdk;xGif;od&rnfh "r®ig;rsKd;awGukd ac:a0:okH;pGJaewJh o'a0g[m& obm0ed½kwådqdkwm &dSw,f/ tJ'D obm0ed½kwådudkrSefrSefuefuef xdk;xGif;odwwfwJhÓPfudk ed½kwådy#dorÇd'gÓPfvdkY ac:ygw,f/ t|uxmu yHkpHxkwfjyxm;wmuawmh zaómaómaómaómaóm a0'ememememem-ponfjzifh ac:a0:oHk;pJGyHkudk Mum;&vQif ed½kwådy#dorÇd'gÓPf&SdwJh yk*¾dKvfu'DtoHk;tEIef;[m rSefw,fvdkY em;vnfvdkufw,f/ 'gwGif ruao;bl;?zómómómómóm a0'aemaemaemaemaem-vdkY 'Dvdk oHk;EIef;aewJh toHudk Mum;vdkufvQifvnf;'DtoHk;tEIef;[m rrSefbl;vdkY olu em;vnfvkdufw,f/

'Dae&mrSm vdk&if;udk rSwfom;&rSmu --

1/ tw¬ig;rsKd;udk wwfodem;vnfwmu tw¬y#dorÇd'gÓPfç

2/ "r®ig;rsKd;udk wwfodem;vnfwmu "r®y#dorÇd'gÓPfç

3/ tJ'Dtw¬-"r®wdkY&JU tac:ta0: toHk;tEIef; obm0ed½kwåd = o'ga0g[m&udk wwfodem;vnfwmu ed½kwådy#dorÇd'gÓPf --

'Dvdk vdk&if;udk rSwfom;xm;yg/ - aemuf y#dorÇd'gÓPfuawmhy#dbmey#dorÇd'gÓPf jzpfw,f/

y#dbmey#dorÇd'gÓPf

ÓaPok ÓPH y#dbmey#dorÇd'g/ (tbd-2-307/)

tw¬y#dorÇd'gÓPf "r®y#dorÇd'gÓPf ed½kwådy#dorÇd'gÓPf qdkwJh


ÓPftm;vHk;wdkYudk wpfzefjyefodwJh ÓPf[m y#dbmey#dorÇd'gÓPfrnfw,f/

wpfenf;ajymvQifawmh 'Dy#dorÇd'gÓPfqdkwmu t&d,molawmfaumif;wdkY&JU oEÅmefrSmom jzpfygw,f/ t&d,molawmfaumif;wdkYonft&d,mtjzpfodkY rqdkufa&mufrDuwnf;u t&d,mbHkodkY a&muf&dSa&;twGuf 0dyóembm0emudk usifhoHk;Mu&ygw,f/ 'Dvkd 0dyóemudkusifhoHk;wJhtydkif;rSm --

ÓwÍö ÓPÍö Oabmyd 0dyówd/ (0dok'd-2-278/)

qdkwJh 0dok'dr*¾t|uxmü azmfjyxm;wJh ayg&mPmp&d, jzpfawmfrlMuwJh a&S;a&S;q&mjrwfwdkY\ tqdktrdefYtwdkif; - Óww&m;ESifhÓPw&m; ESpfrsKd;vHk;udkyJ 0dyóem ½IMu&ygw,f/

Óww&m;qdkwmu 0dyóemÓPfjzifh xkd;xGif;od&rnfh vu©Pma&; oHk;wefwifum ½IyGm;oHk;oyf&rnfh 'ku©opömw&m; ork',opömw&m;rsm; jzpfMuygw,f/ 'D'ku©opömw&m; ork',opömw&m;awGudkocFg&w&m;vdkYvnf; ac:ygw,f/ qdkif&mqdkif&m taMumif;w&m;awGujyKjyifay;vkdY jzpfay:vmwJh w&m;awGvdkY qdkvkdygw,f/ a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu'DocFg&w&m;awGudkvnf; vu©Pma&;oHk;wefwifum 0dyóem ½IyGm;oHk;oyf&ygw,f/

ÓPw&m;qdkwmuawmh ,if;ocFg&w&m;awGudk vu©Pma&;oHk;wefwifum ½IyGm;oHk;oyfaewJh 0dyóemÓPfukd wpfenf;ajymvQifawmh ,if;ocFg&w&m;wdkY&JU tedpötcsuf 'ku©tcsuf tewåtcsufawGudk uGufuGufuGif;uGif; &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif; xkd;xkd;xGif;xGif; odjrifaewJh0dyóemÓPfudk qdkvkdygw,f/ 0dyóemÓPfqdkaomfvnf; y"meenf;tm;jzifhom ÓPfvkdY ajymqdkjcif;jzpfw,f/ 'D0dyóemÓPf[mvnf; ÓPfwpfckwnf; jzpfEdkifwJhpGrf;tm; r&Sdygbl;/ ÓPfjy"mef;aewJh


ÓPfESifh ,SOfwJh pdwf-apwodufw&m;pkukd qdkvkdygw,f/ 0dyóemraem'Gg&duaZm0Dxd pdwftpOfwdkY jzpfMuygw,f/ a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf[m'D 0dyóemraem'Gg&duaZm0Dxd pdwftpOfudkvnf; wpfzef jyefívu©Pma&; oHk;wefwifum 0dyóem ½IyGm;oHk;oyf&ygw,f/

'gwGif ruao;bl;? xyfNyD;&Sif;zdkY vdkjyefao;w,f/

tw¬y#dorÇd'gÓPf "r®y#dorÇd'gÓPfwdkYjzifh xdk;xGif;od&wJh 'ku©opömw&m; ork',opömw&m;qdkwJh ocFg&w&m;awGudk vu©Pma&;oHk;wefwifum 0dyóem ½IyGm;oHk;oyfwmu yxr 0dyóemraem'Gg&duaZm0Dxd jzpfw,f/

tJ'D yxr 0dyóemraem'Gg&duaZm0Dxd pdwftpOf emrfw&m;pkudk'kwd, 0dyóemraem'Gg&duaZm0Dxd pdwftpOfjzifh xyfrHNyD; 0dyóem½I&jyefw,f/ 'Denf;twdkif; (10)qifhavmuftxd quf½I&ygw,f/ 'D½IuGufawGukdawmh 0dok'dr*¾t|uxm 'kwd,wGJ pmrsufESm (262) -t½lyowåu 0dyóem½IuGufydkif;rSm ,rutm;jzifh ½Ienf;ç cPdutm;jzifh ½Ienf;ç y#dyg#dtm;jzifh ½Ienf;qdkNyD; ½IuGufcyfpHkpHkudk azmfjyxm;ygw,f/ 'D½IuGufawGudk ½IEdkifvQif --

'ku©opömw&m;awGudk xkd;xGif;odwJh ÓPfu tw¬y#dorÇd'gÓPfjzpfw,f/ 'Dtw¬y#dorÇd'gÓPfudk wpfzefjyefNyD; 0dyóem½IEdkifvQif tJ'D0dyóemÓPfu y#dbmey#dorÇd'gÓPf jzpfw,f/

wpfcg ork',opömukd xkd;xGif;odwJhÓPfu "r®y#dorÇd'gÓPfjzpfw,f/ tJ'D "r®y#dorÇd'gÓPfukd wpfzefjyefí 0dyóem½IEdkifygutJ'D0dyóemÓPfu y#dbmey#dorÇd'gÓPf jzpfygw,f/

NyD;awmh tJ'D y#dbmey#dorÇd'gÓPf trnf&wJh 0dyóemÓPfudkwpfzefxyfNyD; 0dyóem½IEdkifvQif tJ'D0dyóemÓPfukdvnf; y#dbmey#dorÇd'gÓPfvkdYyJ ac:ygw,f/


tw¬trnf&wJh 'ku©opömw&m;ç "r®trnf&wJh ork',opömw&m;wdkY&JU tac:ta0: toHk;tEIef; o'a0g[m& obm0ed½kwådudk xdk;xGif;odwwfwJh ÓPfudkvnf; wpfzefjyefNyD; 0dyóem½IEdkifvQif ,if;0dyóemÓPfudkvnf; y#dbmey#dorÇd'gÓPfvdkYyJ ac:ygw,f/

'D&Sif;vif;csuft& tw¬y#dorÇd'gÓPfç "r®y#dorÇd'gÓPfç ed½kwådy#dorÇd'gÓPfç y#dbmey#dorÇd'gÓPfqdkwJh ÓPfav;yg;vHk;udk jyefodwJhÓPfudkvnf; y#dbmey#dorÇd'gÓPfvkdYyJ ac:qdkw,f rSwfyg/

pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;[mvnf; tem*grdr*fÓPfudk&&SdwJhtcgrSm 'Dy#dorÇd'gÓPfav;yg;udkyg yl;wGJ&&SdcJhwJhtaMumif;ukd0dok'¨dr*¾t|uxm 'kwd,wGJ pmrsufESm (72)rSm zGifhqdkxm;ygw,f/ 'Dy#dorÇd'gÓPfawG[m taMumif;w&m; ig;rsKd;wkdYaMumifh oefY&Sif;pifMu,fMuygw,f/ y#dorÇd'gÓPfawG oefYoefY&Sif;&Sif; jzpfay:vmzdkY&eftaMumif;w&m; ig;rsKd; &SdMuygw,f/ tJ'D taMumif;w&m;awGubmawGvJ¿ --

y#dorÇd'gÓPfoefY&Sif;zdkY&ef taMumif;w&m;ig;rsKd;

tJ'D taMumif;w&m; ig;rsKd;u - t"d*rç y&d,wdåç o0eç y&dykpämçykAÁa,m* - qdkwJh taMumif;w&m; ig;rsKd;wdkY jzpfMuygw,f/

1/ t"d*r - t"d*rqdkwmu t&[wår*fÓPf zdkvfÓPfudk &&Sdjcif;jzpfw,f/ wpfenf;ajymvQifawmh t&d,r*fÓPf zdkvfÓPfudk &&Sdjcif; jzpfw,f/ 'Dt*Fg&yfuawmh aemufqHk;b0 t&d,r*fÓPfzdkvfÓPf &&SdwJhtcg jynfhpHk&rnfh t*Fg&yf jzpfygw,f/

2/ y&d,wåd - y&d,wådqdkwmu bk&m;&Sif\ w&m;pum;awmfwdkYudktvGwf&atmif oif,ljcif; &Gwfzwfo&ZÑm,fjcif; jzpfw,f/

3/ o0e - o0eqdkwmuawmh bk&m;&Sif\ w&m;awmfwdkYudk t½dk


tao tav;tjrwfjyKí em,ljcif; jzpfygw,f/

4/ y&dykpäm - bk&m;a[m ygVdawmfESifh tJ'DygVdawmf&JU teuft"dyÜg,fudk zGifhqdkaMumif;jzpfwJh t|uxmponfwdkYrSm &SdaewJh cufcJonfhtxHk;tzGJU pum;&yfwdkY&JU tqHk;tjzwfç yk'fteufwdkY&JU tqkH;tjzwfawGudk oif,ljcif; ar;jref;jcif; jzpfygw,f/

5/ ykAÁa,m* --

ykAÁa,ma*g emr ykAÁAk'geH omoae *wypöm*wdubma0e ,m0tEkavmrH a*gMwbkorDyH? wm0 0dyóemEka,ma*g/ (0dok'd-2-72/)

ykAÁAk'¨geH =ykAÁAk'¨geH =ykAÁAk'¨geH =ykAÁAk'¨geH =ykAÁAk'¨geH = a&S;a&S;bk&m;&SifwdkY\/ omoae = omoae = omoae = omoae = omoae = omoemawmfjrwftwGif;ü/ *wypöm*wdubma0e = *wypöm*wdubma0e = *wypöm*wdubma0e = *wypöm*wdubma0e = *wypöm*wdubma0e = *wypöm*wdu0wfudk jznfhusifhonf\ tjzpfjzifh/ ,m0 tEkavmrH a*gMwbkorDyH = ,m0 tEkavmrH a*gMwbkorDyH = ,m0 tEkavmrH a*gMwbkorDyH = ,m0 tEkavmrH a*gMwbkorDyH = ,m0 tEkavmrH a*gMwbkorDyH = tEkavmrÓPf a*gMwbkÓPfwdkY\teD; rkÍödwkurswmÓPf y#docFgÓPf ocFg½k-ayu©mÓPfodkYwdkifatmif/ 0dyóemEka,ma*g = 0dyóemEka,ma*g = 0dyóemEka,ma*g = 0dyóemEka,ma*g = 0dyóemEka,ma*g = 0dyóembm0emur®|mef;udk pD;jzef; yGm;rsm; tm;xkwfjcif;onf/ tw¬d = tw¬d = tw¬d = tw¬d = tw¬d = &Sd\/ wm0 = wm0 = wm0 = wm0 = wm0 =xdkrQavmufaomÓPfodkYwdkifatmif/ 0dyóemEka,ma*g0dyóemEka,ma*g0dyóemEka,ma*g0dyóemEka,ma*g0dyóemEka,ma*g ===== 0dyóembm0em ur®|mef;udk pD;jzef; yGm;rsm; tm;xkwfjcif;onf/ ykAÁa,ma*g ykAÁa,ma*g ykAÁa,ma*g ykAÁa,ma*g ykAÁa,ma*gemr =emr =emr =emr =emr = ykAÁa,m* rnf\/

a&S;a&S; bk&m;&SifwkdY\ omoemawmfjrwftwGif;rSm qGrf;cH&GmodkYoGm;&müvnf; ur®|mef;ukd aqmifvsuf ur®|mef;ukd ESvkH;oGif;vsufoGm;jcif;ç qGrf;cH&GmrS ausmif;okdY jyefvm&müvnf; ur®|mef;ukd aqmifvsuf ur®|mef;ukd ESvkH;oGif;vsuf jyefvmjcif;qkdwJh *wypöm*wdu0wfawGukd jznfhusifhNyD;awmh t&d,r*fESifh eD;uyfaewJh tEkavmrÓPfa*gMwbkÓPfwkdY&JU teD;tyg; rkÍödwkurswmÓPf y#docFgÓPf ocFg½kayu©mÓPfodkYwdkifatmif 0dyóembm0emukd usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfcJhzl;jcif;onf ykAÁa,m* rnfygw,f/


rkÍödwkurswmÓPfqkdwmuawmh ocFg&w&m;wkdY&JUtysufoufoufukd wpfzufowf ESvkH;oGif;NyD; vu©Pma&;okH;wef wpfvSnfhpDwifum0dyóem ½IyGm; okH;oyfvm&m ocFg&w&m;wkdYtay:rSm NiD;aiGU &GHrkef;pufqkyfvmw,f/ 'DocFg&w&m;awGrS vGwfajrmufcsifvmw,f/ 'DvkdocFg&w&m;awGrS vGwfajrmufvkdwJh tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh jzpfay:vmwJh0dyóemÓPfukd rkÍödwkurswmÓPfvkdY ac:ygw,f/

y#docFgÓPfqkdwmuawmh 'DocFg&w&m;awGrS ckvkd vGwfajrmufcsifwJhtwGuf 'DocFg&w&m;awGrS vGwfajrmufap&r,fqdkwJh OD;wnfcsufESifh 'DocFg&w&m;awGukdyJ vu©Pma&;okH;wef wpfvSnfhpDwifum0dyóem qufvuf½IyGm; okH;oyf&ygw,f/ 'Dvkd wpfzefxyfNyD; qifjcifokH;oyf ½IyGm;aewJh 0dyóemÓPfukd y#docFgÓPfvkdY ac:ygw,f/

ocFg½kayu©mÓPfqkdwmuawmh 'DocFg&w&m;awGukd NiD;aiGU&GHrkef;wJhpdwf"mwfç 'DocFg&w&m;awGrS vGwfajrmufcsifwJh pdwf"mwfjzifh wpfzef'DocFg&w&m;awGukd vu©Pma&;okH;wefwifum ½IyGm;okH;oyfjyef&m'DocFg&w&m;awG&JU tedpötjcif;t&m 'ku©tjcif;t&m tewåtjcif;t&mrSm bm0empdwfu Nidrf0yfpGm uyfNyD; wnfaewwfygw,f/ tJ'DtcgrSm 'DocFg&w&m;awGrS aMumufjcif;qkdwJh b,ç 'DocFg&w&m;awGukd ESpfoufjcif;qkdwJh eED - 'DtpGef;ESpfzufrS bm0empdwfu vGwfNyD;awmh 'DocFg&w&m;awGukd tnDtrQ vspfvsL½IEdkifwJh 0dyóemÓPfawGjzpfay:vmygw,f/ tJ'D0dyóemÓPfukd ocFg½kayu©mÓPfvkdY ac:ygw,f/ ocFg&w&m;wkdYtay:ü aMumifhMuajyí awmifhwajyí aeomxkdifom&Sdaom ÓPf jzpfygw,f/

pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;[mvnf; ,ck a*gwrbk&m;&Sif&JUomoemawmfwGif;rSm y#dorÇd'gÓPfav;yg;ukd &&SdwJh tem*grft&d,molawmfaumif;BuD; jzpfwJhtwGuf a&S;a&S;bk&m;&SifwkdY&JU omoemawmf


wGif;rSm 'DocFg½kayu©mÓPfokdY wkdifatmifaom 0dyóem yg&rDrsKd;aphaumif;awGukd qnf;yl;cJhzl;w,fvkdY od&SdEkdifygw,f/ 'gwGifruao;ygbl;ajymcJhNyD;wJh y&d,wådç o0eç y&dykpämç ykAÁa,m*qkdwJh taMumif;w&m;(4)yg;vkH;ukdyJ a&S;a&S;bk&m;&SifwkdY&JU omoemawmfwGif;rSm jznfhusifhcJhzl;w,fvdkYyJ rSwfom;xm;yg/

txl;ojzifh ...vGefcJhwJh urÇmwpfodef;xufu yGifhxGef;awmfrlcJhwJh y'krkwå&bk&m;

&Sif&JU omoemawmfwGif;rSm bk&m;trSL;&SdwJh wpfodef;aom oHCmawmfwkdYtm; tvSL'geawG tBuD;tus,f ay;vSLjcif;ç oDvawGukd pifpifMu,fMu,f jznfhusifhjcif;ç bk&m;&Sif\ w&m;awmfrsm;ukd oif,ljcif;çw&m;awmfukd ½kdaoav;jrwfpGm emMum;jcif;ç bk&m;a[m a'oemawmf\ teuft"dyÜg,f tqkH;tjzwfwkdYukd oif,l ar;jref; aqG;aEG;jcif;çocFg½kayu©mÓPfokdYwkdifatmifaom orx-0dyóem bm0emusifhpOfwkdYukd atmifatmifjrifjrif usifhokH;jcif;qkdwJh yg&rDrsKd;aphaumif;awGukdtESpfwpfodef;twGif;rSm jyKpkysKd;axmifcJhygw,f/

'Dvkd jyKpkysKd;axmifcJhwJh ukokdvfw&m;awGxJu 'geykdif;qkdif&moDvykdif;qkdif&m orxykdif;qkdif&m usifhpOf ukokdvft&yf&yfawGuawmhol&JU p&PrsKd;aphaumif;awG jzpfMuygw,f/ 0dyóemykdif;qkdif&musifhpOft&yf&yfawGESifh qufpyfNyD; jzpfay:vmwJh ukokdvfw&m;awGuawmhol&JU 0dZÆmrsKd;aphaumif;awG jzpfMuygw,f/ p&PrsKd;aphawGu oltvkd&SdwJh "r®uxdu Oygoum tausmftarmfb0qdkwJh cE¨mig;yg;ukdjzpfapEkdifwJh pGrf;tm;&SdwJhtwGuf oltvkd&SdwJh b0ukd wpfaeYrSm a&mufatmif ykdYaqmifay;rnfh w&m;aumif;awG jzpfMuygw,f/ ol&JU 0dZÆmrsKd;aphaumif;awGuawmh xkdb0rSm oltvkd&SdwJh r*fÓPf zkdvfÓPfukdxkd;xGif;odatmif tm;BuD;aomrSD&m Oyedó,owådjzifh aus;Zl;jyKay;rnfh w&m;aumif;awG jzpfMuygw,f/


y&d,wådw&m;awmfukd oif,ljcif;ç w&m;awmfukd ½kdaopGmemMum;jcif;ç ygVdawmf t|uxmwkdYü cufcJonfh t&mXmeawGrSm oif,ljcif;çar;jref;jcif;ç ocFg½kayu©mÓPfokdYwkdifatmifaom 0dyóem bm0emur®|mef;awGukd a&S;a&S;bk&m;&SifwkdY&JU omoemwGif;rSm usifhcJhzl;jcif;qkdwJh'DtaMumif;w&m; (4)yg;ESifhwuG a*gwrbk&m;&Sif&JU omoemawmfwGif;rSm tem*grdr*fÓPf zkdvfÓPfokdYwkdifatmifaom r*fÓPf zkdvfÓPfwdkYukd &&Sdjcif;qkdwJh taMumif;w&m;awGuawmh ol&JU y#dorÇd'gÓPfav;yg;ukd &&SdzkdY&ef taMumif;w&m;rsm; jzpfMuygw,f/

b0wpfckrSm ckvkd tcsufusus tuGufcsNyD; atmifatmifjrifjrifxlaxmifvkdufwJh yg&rDrsKd;aphaumif;awG[m wpfaeYrSm vkdtifqE´jynfh0onftxd xkdxkdawmifhwonfh aAm"dÓPfokdY a&mufatmif o,faqmifoGm;rnfh tbdeD[m&w&m;rsm; jzpfMuygw,f/ xkdtbdeD[m&w&m;awGu pdwåol<u,ftavmif;jzpfwJh trsKd;aumif;om;ukd urÇmwpfodef;wYkd umvywfvkH; tyg,fav;bkHokdY rusa&mufatmifvnf;umuG,fapmifha&Smufay;w,f/ vlUjynf ewfjynfawGrSmyJ pkefqef usifvnfapum vlUcsrf;om ewfcsrf;omawGukd txufwef;usus vSvSBuD;00BuD; cHpm; pHpm;apcJhygw,f/

tJ'Dvkd qnf;yl;cJh&muaeNyD;awmh oHo&mc&D;jzwfausmfvmvdkufwmurÇmwpfodef;c&D; jzwfausmfvm&if;ESifh aemufqkH; uóyjrwfpGmbk&m;omoemawmfwGif;okdY a&mufNyDqkdMupkdYaemf/

uóyjrwfpGmbk&m;\ omoemawmfwGif;0,f

xkdtrsKd;aumif;om;u vlUjynfewfjynf pkefqef usifvnf&muaeuóyjrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif vufxufawmftcga&mufawmh rkqkd;BuD;&JUom;wpfOD; vmjzpfygw,f/

rkqkd;BuD;&JU om;uav;wpfOD; vmjzpfawmh xdkrkqkd;tdrfrSm ae&if;


uae wpfaeYawmh awmoGm;wJh tcsdeftcgrSm o,HZmw tvkdvkdjzpfay:aewJh awmifapmif;wpfcktwGif; awmifcsKdifh awmif0Srf; awmifapmif;twGif;rSm &SdwJh ausmufzsmBuD; wpfckay:rSm yHokulouFef;ukdacgif;jcHKvsuf w&m;bm0emur®|mef; pD;jzef;aewJh &[ef;wpfyg;udkzl;awGU&awmh tifrwef MunfndKoGm;w,f/ MunfndKoGm;wJhtwGuf'D'g,umav;u bmvkyfovJ¿ --

cyfjrefjreftdrfjyef? tdrfjyefNyD;wJhtcsdeftcg zkdcaemufwpfckjzifh qGrf;ukdcsufw,f? tjcm;zkdcaemufwpfckjzifh qGrf;[if;ukd csufw,f/ qGrf;awGqGrf;[if;awGudk aoaocsmcsm ususee pDrH? pDrHNyD;wJhtcg usufvnf;usufa&m tkd;wpfvkH;xJ taotcsmxnfh? qGrf;awG [if;awG tkd;awGxJxnhfNyD;wJhtcg zufawGESifh tay:utkyfNyD; BudK;ESifh pnf;vdkufw,f/

tJ'DtcsdeftcgrSm tdrfa&SUudk ukd,fawmfESpfyg;uvnf; qGrf;cH<uvmawmfrljyefw,f/ qGrf;cH<uvmwJhukd,fawmfawGukdvnf; tdrfay:yifhwifNyD; rGefjrwfwJh qGrf; cJzG,f abmZOfawGjzifh oydwfxJ avmif;vSLumudk,fwdkifqufuyfNyD;awmh tdrfrSmusef&pfcJhwJhyk*¾dKvfawGudk 'D&[ef;awmfESpfyg;udk qGrf;jzifh ½dkaopGm jyKpkvkyfauR;zdkY rSmMum;cJhNyD; awmrSm aewJh&[ef;awmftwGuf qGrf;tdk;awG qGrf;awG [if;awG xrf;NyD;awmhawmxJajy;w,f/

awmvrf;wpfavQmuf oGm;&if;ESifh awmvrf;rSmawGUwJh awmyef;[lorQ tukefvHk;cl;? 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;omjzifh awmyef;awG cl;NyD;awmh'Dukd,fawmf xkdifNyD; w&m;ESvkH;oGif;wJhae&mukd a&mufatmif oGm;w,f/

a&mufwJhtcsdeftcgusawmhrS ukd,fawmfxHrS oydwfukd awmif;,lw,f/ oydwfxJudk rGefjrwfwJh qGrf;awG [if;awG xnfhw,f/ tjynfhxnfhNyD;wJh tcsdeftcgusawmhrS 'DqGrf;ukd 'Dukd,fawmftm; ½kdaopGmqufuyfvSL'gef;w,f/


qufuyfvSL'gef;NyD;awmh yef;awGudk xkdukd,fawmf&JUajcawmf&if;rSmcsNyD;awmh ylaZmfw,f/ ylaZmfNyD;wJhtcsdeftcgusawmhrS 'D'g,umav;u bmqkawmif;ovJ¿ tJ'Dtykdif;uawmh y#dpöorkyÜg'fydkif;½IuGufypö,y&d*¾[ÓPfydkif;½IuGufESifh qufpyfaeygw,f/

xl;jcm;wJh a&S;qkawmif;

,xm,H &oyd@ygawe o'¨ð ykyæylZm pdwåH y&dawmaowd? {0HedAÁwåedAÁwå|mae ar yPÖmum&o[ómed ap0 tm*päEÅ K yÍö0PÖ-ukokr0óÍö 0ówk/ (tH-|-1-297/)

baEÅ =baEÅ =baEÅ =baEÅ =baEÅ = t&Sifbk&m; .../ &oyd@ygawe = &oyd@ygawe = &oyd@ygawe = &oyd@ygawe = &oyd@ygawe = rGefjrwfvSaomt&om&Sdaom qGrf;cJzG,fabmZOfESifh/ o'¨ð = o'¨ð = o'¨ð = o'¨ð = o'¨ð = twlwuG/ t,H ykyæylZm t,H ykyæylZm t,H ykyæylZm t,H ykyæylZm t,H ykyæylZm===== þyef;ukd vSL'gef;ylaZmf&jcif;onf/ ar = ar = ar = ar = ar = bk&m;wynfhawmf\/ pdwåH pdwåH pdwåH pdwåH pdwåH===== pdwfukd/ y&dawmaowd ,xm = y&dawmaowd ,xm = y&dawmaowd ,xm = y&dawmaowd ,xm = y&dawmaowd ,xm = ESpfoufauseyfapouJhokdY/

{0H ={0H ={0H ={0H ={0H = þtwl/ t[H = t[H = t[H = t[H = t[H = bk&m;wynfhawmfonf/ edAÁwåedAÁwå|mae edAÁwåedAÁwå|mae edAÁwåedAÁwå|mae edAÁwåedAÁwå|mae edAÁwåedAÁwå|mae===== jzpfav&m Xme jzpfav&m bkHb0ü/ ar = ar = ar = ar = ar = bk&m;wynfhawmftm;/yPÖmum&o[ómed ap0 =yPÖmum&o[ómed ap0 =yPÖmum&o[ómed ap0 =yPÖmum&o[ómed ap0 =yPÖmum&o[ómed ap0 = vufaqmif taxmifaygif;rsm;pGmwkdYonfvnf;/ tm*ptm*ptm*ptm*ptm*pää ää ä EEEEEÅÅ ÅÅ Å KKKKK ===== usa&mufqkdufa&mufvmMuygapukefownf;/yÍö0PÖukokr0óÍö =yÍö0PÖukokr0óÍö =yÍö0PÖukokr0óÍö =yÍö0PÖukokr0óÍö =yÍö0PÖukokr0óÍö = ig;yg;aom tqif;&Sdaom yef;rkd;onfvnf;/0ówk =0ówk =0ówk =0ówk =0ówk = &GmoGef;ygapownf;/ --

'gu olU&JU qkawmif;ykHuav;yJ/

]]t&Sifbk&m; ...t&om&SdvSwJh 'DqGrf;ESifhwuG 'Dyef;ukd vSL'gef;ylaZmf&jcif;onf wynfhawmf&JU pdwfukd tvGef ESpfoufapygw,f/'gaMumifh wynfhawmfonf jzpfav&mXme jzpfav&mbkHb0rSm wynfhawmf&JU oEÅmefodkY vufaqmifyPÖm taxmifaygif;rsm;pGmwkdYonfvnf;usa&mufvmygapownf;/ tqif;ig;rsKd;&Sdaom yef;rkd;onfvnf; &GmoGef;ygapownf;}} qkdNyD;awmh 'Dqkudk awmif;w,faemf/


'Dae&mrSm enf;enf;xyfNyD;awmh oHo&mpufvnfywfykH y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;udk ajymOD;r,f/ avmurSm y&rw¬opöme,fbufu MunfhvkdufvQif a,mufsm;-rdef;r-yk*¾dKvf-owå0g-vl-ewf-jA[®mqkdwmuawmhr&Sdbl;? orkwdopöme,frSmawmh &Sdw,f/

y&rw¬opöme,fbufu Munfhvkdufawmh cEmtdrfrSm ½kyfw&m;tpktykH &Sdw,f? emrfw&m;tpktykH &Sdw,f/ ½kyfw&m;tpktykHvdkYç emrfw&m;tpktykHvkdY odvnf; rSefw,f/ taMumif;w&m;tpktykHç tusKd;w&m;tpktykHvkdY odvnf; rSefw,f/

'D½kyfw&m; 'Demrfw&m;ç 'DtaMumif;w&m; 'DtusKd;w&m;onfb,fvkdoabm&SdovJ¿ jyefqef;ppfMunfhvkdufawmh jzpfNyD; ysufaewJhtedpöw&m;om rSefw,f? jzpfjcif; ysufjcif; 'Pfcsufjzifh tjrJrjywfn§Of;yef;ESdyfpufcHae&wJh 'ku©w&m;om rSefw,f? rysufpD;bJ tusdwftcJ tckdiftrm tESpfom&tm;jzifh wnfaewJh twår[kwfwJh tewåw&m;awGom rSefMuw,f/ 'gaMumifh tedpöw&m;tpktykHç 'ku©w&m;tpktykHç tewåw&m;tpktykHawGyJvkdY odvnf; rSefw,f/

tJ'Dvkd ½kyfw&m;tpktykH emrfw&m;tpktykHvkdY rodbJç taMumif;w&m;tpktykH tusKd;w&m;tpktykHvkdY rodbJç tedpöw&m;tpktykH'ku©w&m;tpktykH tewåw&m;tpktykHawGyJvkdY rodbJ a,mufsm;-rdef;r-yk*¾dKvf-owå0g-vl-ewf-jA[®m ponfjzifh odcJhvQif xkdtodrsKd;ukdawmh rSm;w,fvkdY ac:&w,f/

,ckvnf; 'Dtwkdif;yJ 'Dae&mrSm olu jzpfav&m jzpfav&m bkHb0rSm vufaqmifyPÖm axmifaygif;rsm;pGm qkdufa&mufvmEkdifwJh b0wpfck? a,mufsm;b0yJ? tJ'Dvkd a,mufsm;b0wpfckukd vSrf;NyD; arQmfvifhawmifhwaew,f/ tJ'Dvkdb0wdkif;rSmvnf; ]]tqif;ig;yg;&SdwJh yef;rkd;awGonf tjrJwrf; &GmoGef;csygapownf;}} qkdNyD; 'Dqkudk awmif;w,f/


twdwftaMumif;w&m;ig;yg;

1/ 'Dawmh vufaqmifyPÖm axmifaygif;rsm;pGm &&SdEkdifwJh a,mufsm;b0? tqif;ig;rsKd;&SdwJh yef;rkd;awG &GmoGef;apEkdifwJh a,mufsm;b0vkdY todrSm;aewJh oabmu t0dZÆm?

2/ tJ'D a,mufsm;b0ukd wG,fwmwyfrufaewJhoabmu wPSm?

3/ tJ'D a,mufsm;b0ukd pdwfuyfNyD; pGJvkdufwJh oabmu Oyg'gef?

4/ 'Dt0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef okH;ck jcH&HNyD;awmh t&om&SdwJh qGrf;ESifhwuG yef;awGukd vSL'gef;ylaZmfw,f? qGrf;vSLjcif;ç yef;vSLjcif;qkdwJhukokdvfapwem ocFg&w&m;awG jzpfvmMuw,f/

5/ xkdocFg&w&m;awGuvnf; tedpöw&m;om rSefw,f? jzpfNyD;vQifysufwwfwJh tedpöw&m;awGom rSefw,f/ xkdtrsKd;aumif;om;&JUoEÅmefrSm jzpfNyD;oGm;wJh xkdocFg&w&m;awGuvnf; ysufoGm;w,fcsKyfoGm;w,f/ jzpfNyD; ysufayrJhvkdY 0dyguf-tAsmuw w&m;awGvkd½kyfemrfoEÅmeftpOfrSm pGrf;tifowåd wpfpkHwpf&m csefrxm;cJhbJcsKyfysufoGm;wmawmh r[kwfbl;? aemifwpfcsdefrSm ol arQmfvifhawmifhwaewJh vufaqmifyPÖmaygif;rsm;pGm qkdufa&mufvmapEkdifwJh a,mufsm;b0ç tqif;ig;yg;&SdwJh yef;rkd;BuD; &GmoGef;apEkdifwJha,mufsm;b0? tJ'D b0wpfckukd jzpfapEkdifwJh pGrf;tif ur®owådudk ½kyfemrftpOfrSm jr§KyfESHNyD;rS csKyfysufoGm;w,f/ tJ'D pGrf;tifur®owådukdawmh uH-vkdY ac:ygw,f/

aygif;vkdufawmh t0dZÆmç wPSmç Oyg'gefç ocFg&ç uHqdkwJh taMumif;w&m; ig;ck[m pkHnDoGm;w,f/ tJ'D taMumif;w&m;ig;ckudk jyKpkysKd;axmifvkdufNyD/

'gwGif ruao;bl; - xkdtrsKd;om;av;[m xkduóybk&m;&Sif


omoemawmfwGif;rSm 'ge oDv orx 0dyóem tpjzmwJh aumif;rIukodkvfawGudk xyfrHNyD; qnf;yl;jyefw,f/

toufxufqkH; aumif;rIawG jyKNyD;awmh aoonf\ tjcm;rJhrSmewfjynf a&mufoGm;w,f/ ewfjynf ewfavmu a&mufoGm;onfESifhwpfNydKifeufwnf; tqif;ig;yg;&SdwJh tqif;ig;rsKd;&SdwJh yef;rkd;BuD; &GmoGef;csw,f? yqpf'l;0ef; epfavmufatmifukd &GmoGef;csoGm;w,f/

wpfcg ewfjynfuae vlUjynfa&muf? vlUjynfuae ewfjynfa&muf'Dvkd pkef-qef usifvnf&muaeNyD;awmh aemufqkH; bkef;BuD;wkdY a*gwrjrwfpGmbk&m; yGifhxGef;ay:aygufawmfrlwJhtcsdef - rm*"wkdif; t0iftygjzpfwJh rpädumo@NrdKUrSm rpädumo@olaX;&JU om;&wemuav;wpfOD;vmjzpfygw,f/

arG;wJhtcsdeftcgrSmvnf; tqif;ig;yg;&SdwJh yef;awG rpädumo@NrdKUwpfckvkH; yqpf'l;0ef;epfavmufatmif &GmoGef;csvkdufw,f/ &GmoGef;cswJhtwGuf rdbawGuvnf; wkdYom;[m olUemrnfukd ol,laqmifvmw,f qkdNyD;awmh 'Dom;uav;arG;wJhtcsdeftcg qef;qef;us,fus,fyef;rkd;awG &GmoGef;wmukd taMumif;jyKNyD;awmh olUukd pdwåowkdYom;pdwåowkdYom;pdwåowkdYom;pdwåowkdYom;pdwåowkdYom;qkdNyD;awmh 'Dvkd emrnf rSnfhxm;Muw,f/

pdwåol<u,fb0

xkdpdwåowkdYom; tcsdefwef t&G,fa&mufvmwJhtcg - rdbawGuxdrf;jrm;vufxyfay;vkdufw,f/ wpfcsdef rdbawG uG,fvGefoGm;NyD;wJhaemuf xkdrpädumo@NrdKUrSm olaX;&mxl;ukd &&Sdygw,f/ rpädumo@NrdKUrSm olaX;&mxl;ukd &&SdwJhtcsdeftcg wpfaeYrSm yÍö0*¾Dig;OD;xJu wpfOD;tygt0ifjzpfwJh r[memrfvkdY todrsm;aewJh r[memr rax&fonfrpädumo@NrdKUokdY qkdufa&mufvmygw,f/


t&Sifr[memr rax&f&JU £&d,mykxfudk MunfndKwJhtwGuf t&Sifr[memrukd tdrfay:yifhum qGrf;awGjzifh ½kdaopGm jyKpkvkyfauR;ygw,f/jyKpkvkyfauR;NyD;wJhtcsdeftcg rdrdykdifaewJh trÁm#um&mrtrÁm#um&mrtrÁm#um&mrtrÁm#um&mrtrÁm#um&mrvkdY ac:qkdtyfwJh a*G;yifawmO,smOfBuD;wpfcktwGif;okdY r[memr rax&fukdyifhaqmifoGm;ygw,f/

xkdO,smOftwGif;rSm r[memr rax&ftwGuf oifhavsmfavsmufywfaumif;jrwfwJh ausmif;awG aqmufw,f/ aqmufNyD;awmh r[memrrax&fukdvnf; 'Dausmif;wkdufrSmyJ oDwif;okH;apNyD;awmh wynfhawmf&JUtdrfü aeYpOf qGrf;jzifh csD;ajr§mufay;oem;awmfrlyg&ef awmif;yefavQmufxm;NyD; y#dnmOf 0efcHcsuf pum;awGukd &,lygw,f/ r[memrrax&fuvnf; csD;ajr§mufay;awmfrlygw,faemf/

r[memr rax&fudk qGrf;vSLwJhtykdif;av;rSm - r[memr rax&fu vSrf;MunfhvkdufwJh tcsdeftcg 'DtrsKd;aumif;om;rSm Oyedó,txl;awG &Sdaewmukd oGm;NyD;awGUw,f/ - wpfcsuf/

aemufwpfck --cke uóyjrwfpGmbk&m; vufxufawmftcsdeftcgu - vkdPf*l

twGif;rSm oDwif;okH;pHaeawmfrlwJh w&m;bm0emur®|mef; pD;jzef;aewJh&[ef;awmfwpfyg;ukd qGrf;vSLwJhtcsdefrSmvnf; xkd&[ef;awmfu 'DqGrf;vSLwJh 'g,umav;ukd vSrf;Munfhvkdufawmh olUrSmvnf; Oyedó,rsKd;aphaumif;awG &Sdaewmukd jrifaew,faemf/

'Dawmh - tJ'DrsKd;aphaumif;awGu b,fwkef;u xlaxmifcJhovJ¿jyefajymif;NyD; qef;ppfMunfhvkdufawmh y'krkwå& jrwfpGmbk&m; omoemawmfwGif;uwnf;u xlaxmifcJhwJh yg&rDrsKd;aphaumif;awG jzpfw,fqdkwmudk od&w,f/ 'gaMumifh aumif;rIukokdvfwkdYrnfonf b0wpfckrSmatmifatmifjrifjrifESifhom xlaxmifcJhygap? jrHKoGm;wJhoabmawmhr&Sdbl;/


ckeu uóyjrwfpGmbk&m;vufxufawmfwkef;uvnf; vkdPf*ltwGif;rSm wnf&SdaewJh &[ef;awmfav;u qGrf;bkOf;ay;NyD;wJh tcsdeftcgrSm olUukd ur®|mef;w&m; a[may;w,f/ tck r[memr rax&fuvnf; olUukd qGrf;vSLNyD;wJh tcsdeftcgrSm 'Dpdwåol<u,ftavmif;jzpfwJh'g,umuav;ukd w&m;a[may;ygw,f/ tJ'D a[mvkdufwJh w&m;utm;vkH; nDwlaew,faemf/

uóybk&m;&Sif vufxufawmftwGif;wkef;u vkdPf*ltwGif;rSmoDwif;okH;awmfrlwJh &[ef;awmfuav;u b,fvkd w&m;a[movJ¿

okH;q,fhESpfaum|mour®|mef;axa&m wó Oyedó,H 'doGm 'Gwåðomum&ur®|meH tmpdu©dwGm

t'god/ (tH-|-1-297/)

axa&m =axa&m =axa&m =axa&m =axa&m = rax&fonf/ wó = wó = wó = wó = wó = xkdtrsKd;aumif;om;uav;\/Oyedó,H =Oyedó,H =Oyedó,H =Oyedó,H =Oyedó,H = t&[wåzkdvf &EkdifwJh taMumif;Oyedó,ukd/ 'doGm = 'doGm = 'doGm = 'doGm = 'doGm =ÓPfjzifh awGUjrifonfjzpfí/ 'Gwåðomum&ur®|meH = 'Gwåðomum&ur®|meH = 'Gwåðomum&ur®|meH = 'Gwåðomum&ur®|meH = 'Gwåðomum&ur®|meH = (32)aum|mour®|mef;ukd/ tmpdu©dwGm = tmpdu©dwGm = tmpdu©dwGm = tmpdu©dwGm = tmpdu©dwGm = a[mMum;awmfrlí/ t'god = t'god = t'god = t'god = t'god = ay;av\/

(32)aum|mour®|mef;ukd a[mMum;ay;w,faemf/ 'Dawmh - 'DOyedó,qkdwmu bmvJvkdYar;awmh --

0d0¥H O'dó OypdwH edaAÁ"bm*d,ukovH Oyedóa,m/(tH-#D-1-201/)

#Dumq&mawmfu zGifhxm;w,f/ oHo&m0#fqif;'ku©rS uRwf&muRwfaMumif; vGwf&mvGwfaMumif;jzpfwJh tocFw tNidrf;"mwf edAÁmefukd&nf&G,fawmifhwNyD;awmh qnf;yl;pkaqmif;xm;tyfwJh yg&rD ukokdvfaumif;awGukd Oyedó,vkdY ac:ygw,f/

b,fwkef;ursm; pkaqmif;cJhovJvkdYar;vQif y'krkwå& jrwfpGmbk&m;omoemawmfwGif;uwnf;u pwifum pkaqmif;cJhw,f/


'gaMumifh 'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awG ... (32)aum|mour®|mef;ukd txifao;vkdY &rvm;¿ r&ygbl;aemf? bk&m;a[mwJh w&m;ygyJ/

(32)aum|moqkdawmhvnf; bk&m;a[mwJh w&m;jzpfjcif;aMumifhr[mowdy|mefokwåef usifhpOfxJrSm um,mEkyóemowdy|mef (14)rsKd; &SdwJhteufu bk&m;&Sifonf (32)aum|mour®|mef;ukd y#dulv-reodum& ur®|mef;tjzpfESifh wpfcktygt0if owdy|mefusifhpOfrSmxnfhoGif;NyD; a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/

'Dawmh rdrdwkdYu owdy|mefw&m;udk yGm;awmhr,fqdkvQif owdy|mef[m bmawGudkac:w,fqkdwmawmh ususee em;vnfxm;zkdY vkdw,f/'Dowdy|mefusifhpOfxJrSm (32)aum|mour®|mef;awGvnf; ygaew,f/

tJ'D (32)aum|mour®|mef;ukdyJ vkdPf*ltwGif;rSm oDwif;okH;awmfrlwJh rax&fu olUÓPfawmfjzifh 'DtrsKd;aumif;om;&JU Oyedó,&Sd-r&Sdukd vSrf;Munfhvkdufawmh .. Oyedó, &Sdw,fqkdwm jrifvkdY 'D(32)aum|mour®|mef;ukd a[may;vkdufw,f/

a[may;vkdufawmh 'DtrsKd;aumif;om;u y'krkwå&bk&m;&Sif vufxufawmftcguwnf;u 'D (32)aum|mour®|mef;ESifh ywfoufwJhOyedó, rsKd;aphaumif;awG tm;BuD;aomrSD&mrsKd;aphaumif;awG &SdcJhNyDvkdY 'Dvkd,lq&w,f/ tvm;wlyJ 'Dr[memr rax&fuvnf; ...

oVm,we0dbwådw&m;

axa&myd wó Oyedó,H 'doGm "r®H a'aoaEÅm oVm,we-0dbwådar0 a'aood/ (tH-|-1-297/)

axa&myd =axa&myd =axa&myd =axa&myd =axa&myd = r[memr rax&fonfvnf;yJ/ wó = wó = wó = wó = wó = xkdtrsKd;aumif;om;\/ Oyedó,HOyedó,HOyedó,HOyedó,HOyedó,H ===== t&[wåzkdvf&EkdifwJh Oyedó, taMumif;


xl;ukd/ 'doGm = 'doGm = 'doGm = 'doGm = 'doGm = ÓPfjzifh awGUjrifonfjzpfí/ "r®H = "r®H = "r®H = "r®H = "r®H = w&m;awmfjrwfukd/a'aoaEÅm =a'aoaEÅm =a'aoaEÅm =a'aoaEÅm =a'aoaEÅm = a[mMum;awmfrlcJhonf&Sdaomf/ oVm,we0dbwådar0 oVm,we0dbwådar0 oVm,we0dbwådar0 oVm,we0dbwådar0 oVm,we0dbwådar0===== oVm,we (tm,weajcmufpkH) ESifh qufpyfaewJh a0zefcGJjcrf;ía[mtyfwJh w&m;ukdomvQif/ a'aowd = a'aowd = a'aowd = a'aowd = a'aowd = a[mMum;awmfrl\/

oVm,we0dbwådw&m; qkdwmawGuawmh - twGif; tm,we(6)yg; tjyiftm,we (6)yg;ac:wJh tm,we (12)yg;ESifh qufpyfaewJhtykdif;yJ? tJ'Dtykdif;ukd a[mMum;ay;ygw,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿

'Dpdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umu ÓPftv,ftvwf &SdwJh yk*¾dKvfjzpfygw,f/ ÓPftv,ftvwf &SdwJh yk*¾dKvfawGukd bk&m;&Sifonftm,we a'oemawmfenf;tm;jzifh 0dyóem½IuGufukd a[mMum;ay;awmfrlw,f/

'Dawmh - 'Dae&mrSm (32)aum|mo rygawmhbl;vm;vkdY ar;p&m&Sdw,f/ 'D (32)aum|moESifh ywfoufNyD;awmh a&S; .. uóybk&m;&SifvufxufESifh [kda&S; ..y'krkwå&bk&m;vufxufuwnf;uqnf;yl;xm;wJh yg&rDt&Sdeft0g &SdaewJh olawmfaumif; jzpfw,f/

xkdacwf xkdtcsdeftcguwnf;u xkdolawmfaumif;uvnf; ½kyfawGemrfawGukd olu ½IyGm;okH;oyfwJhtykdif;rSm tm,we (12)yg;enf;ESifhyJ0dyóem ½IcJhw,f/

uóybk&m;&SifvufxufawmfrSm &[ef;awmfu (32)aum|mouae pNyD;awmh orm"dykdif;udk pa[may;w,f/ r[memr rax&fusawmh orm"dykdif;udk vkH;vkH; ra[mbl;vdkY 'Dvkdawmh r[kwfygbl;aemf/pmayusrf;*efqkdwmu wpfcgwpf&H vkdtyfwmuav;ukd uGufNyD;awmho*Fg,em wifxm;awmfrljcif; jzpfw,f/

'Dawmh r[memr rax&fusawmh olu orm"dykdif;rSm atmifjrifrI


&SdaewJhtwGuf orm"dykdif;ukd csefxm;NyD;awmh 0dyóemykdif;ukd uGufNyD;a[mwJhtykdif;rSm tm,we (12)yg;enf;ESifh a[mMum;ay;ygw,faemf/bmjzpfvkdYvJ¿ olUtaMumif;t&m zGifhqdkxm;wmudk enf;enf;qufNyD;emMunfhrS oabmaygufr,f/

a&S;a&S;bk&m;&SifwdkY\ omoemü BudwfajccJhzl;aomocFg&w&m;&Sdjcif;

pdawåm *[ywd yk&drba0 r'dwocFg&wm, epd&aó0 tem*grd-zvH orÜmykPd/ (tH-|-1-297/)

pdawåm *[ywd =pdawåm *[ywd =pdawåm *[ywd =pdawåm *[ywd =pdawåm *[ywd = pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;onf/ yk&dryk&dryk&dryk&dryk&dr-ba0 =ba0 =ba0 =ba0 =ba0 = a&S;a&S;b0ü/ r'´dwocFg&wm, = r'´dwocFg&wm, = r'´dwocFg&wm, = r'´dwocFg&wm, = r'´dwocFg&wm, = 0dyóemÓPfjzifh BudwfajctyfNyD;wJh ocFg&w&m;&SdonfhtwGufaMumifh/ epd&aó0 = epd&aó0 = epd&aó0 = epd&aó0 = epd&aó0 = rMumrDtcsdefumv twGif;rSmyifvQif/ tem*grdzvH = tem*grdzvH = tem*grdzvH = tem*grdzvH = tem*grdzvH = tem*grdzkdvfokdY/orÜmykPd =orÜmykPd =orÜmykPd =orÜmykPd =orÜmykPd = aumif;pGm qkdufa&mufcJhavNyD/

t&Sifr[memr rax&fu oVm,we0dbwåd-ac:wJh tm,we(12)yg;enf;jzifh tm,we ajcmufpkHukd 0dyóem½IuGuf a[mMum;jyoqkdqkH;ray;vkdufwJh tcsdeftcgrSm - pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,um[ma&S;a&S;b0awGu r'´dwocFg& - 0dyóemÓPfjzifh 'DocFg&w&m;awGukd tedpö 'ku© tewå vu©Pma&;okH;wefwifNyD; BudwfajccJhzl;wJhtwGufaMumifh rMumrD tcsdefumvtwGif;rSm tem*grdzkdvfukd qkdufoGm;w,fvkdY 'Dvkd zGifhqkdxm;w,f/

zGifhqdkxm;wJh pum;ukd Munfhvkdufawmh ... pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;onf (32)aum|mour®|mef;ukd tajccHNyD;awmh tm,we(12)yg;enf;jzifh 0dyóembm0emur®|mef;ukd pD;jzef;cJhzl;w,f? ½kyfawGemrfawGudk wpfq,fhESpfykH ykHNyD;awmh tedpöç 'ku©ç tewå vu©Pma&;


okH;wef wifNyD;awmh 0dyóem bm0emur®|mef;udk pD;jzef;cJhzl;w,fvkdY'Dvkd t|uxmq&mawmfu zGifhqkdxm;ygw,faemf/

'DzGifhqkdcsufawG usrf;*eftqkdtrdefYawG Munfhr,fqdkvkdY&SdvQif pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;onf (32)aum|mo ur®|mef;ukdvnf;pepfwus yGm;rsm;cJhzl;w,f/ ½kyfawG emrfawGukdvnf; wpfq,fhESpfykHykHNyD;awmh 0dyóemÓPfjzifh tedpö 'ku© tewå vu©Pma&; okH;wefwifum BudwfajccJhzl;w,fvkdY 'Dvkd od&w,f/

aemufxyf xl;jcm;csuf wpfckvnf; &Sdaeygao;w,f/ 0dok'¨dr*¾t|uxm 'kwd,wGJ pmrsufESm (72)rSm pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;[m aou©y#dorÇd'gÓPf av;yg;udk &&SdwJh olawmfaumif;BuD;jzpfw,fvdkY zGifhqdkxm;ygw,f/ qdkvdkwmuawmh ol&JUtem*grdr*fÓPfrSm y#dorÇd'gÓPf av;yg;vnf; txG#fwyfvsuf ygvmw,fvdkY qdkvdkygw,f/

'DaeY w&m;emaewJh y&dowfawGxJrSm tJ'Dvkd ½IyGm;okH;oyfEkdifwJha,m*Dolawmfaumif;vnf; &Sdcsif &SdEkdifr,faemf? r½IyGm;wwfao;wJhyk*¾dKvfawGvnf; ygcsifygvdrfhr,f/ tJ'D yk*¾dKvfawGtwGuf pdwåol<u,fausmif;'g,umBuD;&JU usifhxkH;ukd twkvkdufNyD; ½IyGm;okH;oyfwwfatmifbkef;BuD; 'Dn 0dyóemtaMumif; tenf;i,fa[mzkdY &nf&G,fxm;ygw,f/ tJ'Dvkd a[mwJhtykdif;rSm aemufykdif; okwåefwpfck &Sdw,f/

t,H ud& *[ywd eda&m"H 0vaÍÆwd/ (oH-|-3-132/)

pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;u eda&m"ormywfukd rMumcP0ifpm;EkdifwJh pGrf;tm;&Sdw,f qkdNyD;awmh 'kwd,umrblokwåefrSm azmfjyxm;ygw,f/ 'Dawmh eda&m"ormywfukdvnf; olu 0ifpm;EkdifwJhpGrf;tifawG &Sdw,fvdkY rSwfom;xm;yg/


temxydPf ausmif;'g,umESifh pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umwkdYrwlnDwJh tcsufuav; wpfckawmh &Sdw,f/ - temxydPf ausmif;'g,umBuD;u 'gembd&w'gembd&w'gembd&w'gembd&w'gembd&w aomwmyefolawmfaumif; jzpfw,f? 'gerSmarGUavsmfaysmfykdufESpfNcdKufwJh aomwmyef t&d,molawmfaumif; jzpfw,f/

'Dpdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;uawmh 'gembd&w "r®mbd&w'gembd&w "r®mbd&w'gembd&w "r®mbd&w'gembd&w "r®mbd&w'gembd&w "r®mbd&w-'gerSmvnf; arGUavsmf aysmfykduf ESpfNcdKufw,f? w&m;"r®rSmvnf; arGUavsmf aysmfykduf ESpfNcdKufwJh tem*grft&d,m olawmfaumif;jzpfw,f/tJ'Dxl;jcm;csufuav;awmh &Sdw,faemf/

'Dawmh 'D pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;u 'Dtem*grd r*fÓPfzkdvfÓPfqkdufonfhwdkifatmif opömav;yg;wkdYukd xkd;xGif;odzdkY b,fykHb,fyef; b,fenf;vrf;tm;jzifh ½IyGm;&ovJ ...¿

opömav;yg;wkdYukd 0dyóemÓPf r*fÓPf zkdvfÓPf tqifhqifhwdkYjzifh xkd;xGif;odatmif ½IyGm;&rnfhusifhpOf tusOf;csKyfudk emMum;MunfhMu&atmif .../

²²²

ggggg orm"d\ eHygwfESpftusKd;*kPftiftmedoif0dyóemÓPfawG &&Sdzd k Y&eftwGuf0dyóemÓPfawG &&Sdzd k Y&eftwGuf0dyóemÓPfawG &&Sdzd k Y&eftwGuf0dyóemÓPfawG &&Sdzd k Y&eftwGuf0dyóemÓPfawG &&Sdzd k Y&eftwGuf

tusKd;tmedoif&S dw,f/ bmjzpfvdk YvJ . . ¿tusKd;tmedoif&S dw,f/ bmjzpfvdk YvJ . . ¿tusKd;tmedoif&S dw,f/ bmjzpfvdk YvJ . . ¿tusKd;tmedoif&S dw,f/ bmjzpfvdk YvJ . . ¿tusKd;tmedoif&S dw,f/ bmjzpfvdk YvJ . . ¿

bk&m;a[mawmfrlwJh bk&m;a[mawmfrlwJh bk&m;a[mawmfrlwJh bk&m;a[mawmfrlwJh bk&m;a[mawmfrlwJh ½½½½½kyfudk odrIçkyfud k odrIçkyfud k odrIçkyfud k odrIçkyfud k odrIç

bk&m;a[mawmfrlwJh emrfudk odrIçbk&m;a[mawmfrlwJh emrfudk odrIçbk&m;a[mawmfrlwJh emrfudk odrIçbk&m;a[mawmfrlwJh emrfudk odrIçbk&m;a[mawmfrlwJh emrfudk odrIç

bk&m;a[mawmfrlwJh uH-uH\tusKd;udk odrIqdkwJhbk&m;a[mawmfrlwJh uH-uH\tusKd;udk odrIqdkwJhbk&m;a[mawmfrlwJh uH-uH\tusKd;udk odrIqdkwJhbk&m;a[mawmfrlwJh uH-uH\tusKd;udk odrIqdkwJhbk&m;a[mawmfrlwJh uH-uH\tusKd;udk odrIqdkwJhemremremremremr½½½½½lyy&dapä'ÓPfESif hlyy&dapä'ÓPfESif hlyy&dapä'ÓPfESif hlyy&dapä'ÓPfESif hlyy&dapä'ÓPfESif h

ypö,y&d*¾[ÓPf qdkwmawGuypö,y&d*¾[ÓPf qdkwmawGuypö,y&d*¾[ÓPf qdkwmawGuypö,y&d*¾[ÓPf qdkwmawGuypö,y&d*¾[ÓPf qdkwmawGu

orm"d&S dwJhyk*¾ dKvfrS &&SdEd kifwJh ÓPfawG jzpfw,f/orm"d&S dwJhyk*¾ dKvfrS &&SdEd kifwJh ÓPfawG jzpfw,f/orm"d&S dwJhyk*¾ dKvfrS &&SdEd kifwJh ÓPfawG jzpfw,f/orm"d&S dwJhyk*¾ dKvfrS &&SdEd kifwJh ÓPfawG jzpfw,f/orm"d&S dwJhyk*¾ dKvfrS &&SdEd kifwJh ÓPfawG jzpfw,f/

wpfenf;tm;jzif h ajymvQifawmh . . .wpfenf;tm;jzif h ajymvQifawmh . . .wpfenf;tm;jzif h ajymvQifawmh . . .wpfenf;tm;jzif h ajymvQifawmh . . .wpfenf;tm;jzif h ajymvQifawmh . . .

aMumif;usKd;quf y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;qdkwmudkaMumif;usKd;quf y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;qdkwmudkaMumif;usKd;quf y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;qdkwmudkaMumif;usKd;quf y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;qdkwmudkaMumif;usKd;quf y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;qdkwmudk

orm"d&Sorm"d&Sorm"d&Sorm"d&Sorm"d&Sdd dd d r S odEd kifwm/rS odEd kifwm/rS odEd kifwm/rS odEd kifwm/rS odEd kifwm/

orm"d r&S dvQif . .orm"d r&S dvQif . .orm"d r&S dvQif . .orm"d r&S dvQif . .orm"d r&S dvQif . .

' D' D' D' D' D½½½½½kyfudk rodEd kifbl;?kyfudk rodEd kifbl;?kyfudk rodEd kifbl;?kyfudk rodEd kifbl;?kyfudk rodEd kifbl;?

'Demrfudk rodEd kifbl;?'Demrfudk rodEd kifbl;?'Demrfudk rodEd kifbl;?'Demrfudk rodEd kifbl;?'Demrfudk rodEd kifbl;?

'DtaMumif;w&m; 'DtusKd;w&m;awGudk'DtaMumif;w&m; 'DtusKd;w&m;awGudk'DtaMumif;w&m; 'DtusKd;w&m;awGudk'DtaMumif;w&m; 'DtusKd;w&m;awGudk'DtaMumif;w&m; 'DtusKd;w&m;awGudk

b,fvdb,fvdb,fvdb,fvdb,fvdkk kk k rS rodEd kifbl;/ rodEd kifwJhtwGuf . .rS rodEd kifbl;/ rodEd kifwJhtwGuf . .rS rodEd kifbl;/ rodEd kifwJhtwGuf . .rS rodEd kifbl;/ rodEd kifwJhtwGuf . .rS rodEd kifbl;/ rodEd kifwJhtwGuf . .

bk&m;&Sifudk,fawmfwdkifu -bk&m;&Sifudk,fawmfwdkifu -bk&m;&Sifudk,fawmfwdkifu -bk&m;&Sifudk,fawmfwdkifu -bk&m;&Sifudk,fawmfwdkifu -

]]cspfom; &[ef;wkd Y . . . orm"dxlaxmifMu?]]cspfom; &[ef;wkd Y . . . orm"dxlaxmifMu?]]cspfom; &[ef;wkd Y . . . orm"dxlaxmifMu?]]cspfom; &[ef;wkd Y . . . orm"dxlaxmifMu?]]cspfom; &[ef;wkd Y . . . orm"dxlaxmifMu?

orm"d&S dwJ hyk*¾ dKvfonf orm"d&S dwJ hyk*¾ dKvfonf orm"d&S dwJ hyk*¾ dKvfonf orm"d&S dwJ hyk*¾ dKvfonf orm"d&S dwJ hyk*¾ dKvfonf

razmufrjyef [kwfwdkif;rSefpGmrazmufrjyef [kwfwdkif;rSefpGmrazmufrjyef [kwfwdkif;rSefpGmrazmufrjyef [kwfwdkif;rSefpGmrazmufrjyef [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm

uGJuGJjym;jym; odr,f}} wJh/uGJuGJjym;jym; odr,f}} wJh/uGJuGJjym;jym; odr,f}} wJh/uGJuGJjym;jym; odr,f}} wJh/uGJuGJjym;jym; odr,f}} wJh/(pmrsufESm-119-120/)

76 ]

tcef; (4)

opömav;yg;wkdYukd xkd;xGif;od&ef usifhpOftusOf;csKyf

ÓPftvGefxufjrufol

tJ'Dtykdif;ukd ra[mrDrSm 'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awGudkBudKwiftoday;csifwJhtcsufwpfckawmh&Sdw,f? y&rwfw&m;taMumif;yJaemf/ y&rw¬opöme,fbufuae "mwfcGJvkdufvQif avmurSm wu,fxif&Sm;&SdaewJh y&rw¬w&m; b,fESpfrsKd;&SdovJvkdY ar;vQif av;rsKd;yJ&Sdw,f? pdwfç apwodufç ½kyfç edAÁmef? 'Dav;rsKd;yJ/

tJ'D edAÁmefac:wJh pwkw¬y&rwfukd vkdvm;awmifhwaewJh olawmfaumif;rSefcJhvQif pdwf apwoduf ½kyfvdkYac:wJh 'Dy&rwfw&m;awGukd[kwfwkdif;rSefpGm odatmif BudK;pm;&w,f/ tJ'Dvkd BudK;pm;wJhtykdif;rSm0dyóemykdif; a&mufvmNyD qkdvkdY&SdvQif wcsKdUwcsKdU yk*¾dKvfawGu ÓPfodyfxufw,f/

ÓPfodyfxufwJhtwGuf xkd pdwf apwoduf ½kyfw&m;awGukd tedpö'ku© tewå vu©Pma&; okH;wefwifNyD;awmh 0dyóem½IwJhtykdif;

] 77


a&mufvmNyDqkdvQif ÓPfuodyfxufwJhtwGuf okH;q,fhwpfbkHtwGif;rSm wnf&SdaewJh 'D pdwf apwoduf ½kyfw&m;awGukd wpfpkwnf; qGJpkNyD;awmh 0dyóem½I? ½IvkdY&w,f/

uðokaumyrokwåefrSm (oH-2-396/) &[EÅmrax&fjrwfBuD;wpfyg;vm&Sdygw,f/ awblru ur®|medu yk*¾dKvfqkdNyD;awmh t|uxmuemrnfwyfxm;w,f/ (oH-|-3-98/)

okH;q,fhwpfbkH twGif;rSm wnf&SdaewJh pdwf apwoduf ½kyfw&m;awGukd wpfpkwnf; qGJpkNyD;awmh 0dyóem ½Iawmfrlw,f/ b,fvkd½IovJ¿ --

],H udÍö ð ork',"r®H? oAÁH wH eda&m""r®H} --

okH;q,fhwpfbkHtwGif;rSm wnf&SdaewJh w&m;awGu 'ku©opömw&m;ork',opömw&m;qdkNyD; ESpfck &Sdw,f/ 'ku©opömw&m;qkdwmu bmvJ¿twdwf tem*wf ypöKyÜefponfjzifh wpfq,fhwpfrsKd;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh wnfaewJh Oyg'geu©E¨mig;yg;onf 'ku©opömw&m; jzpfw,f/

ork',opömw&m; qkdwmuawmh aMumif;-usKd;-quf y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;awGjzpfw,f/ xkd'ku©opömw&m;ç ork',opömw&m;awGukd ocFg&w&m;vkdYac:w,f/ qkdif&mqkdif&m taMumif;w&m;awGuaygif;pkjyKjyifay;rS jzpfay:vmwJh w&m;awGjzpfjcif;aMumifh olwkdYukdocFg&w&m;vkdY ac:w,f/

tJ'DocFg&w&m;awGukd wpfpkwnf; qGJpkNyD;awmh jzpfaewJhw&m;rSefvQif ysufaew,fqkdNyD; tedpö 'ku© tewå vu©Pma&; okH;wefwifNyD;awmh 0dyóem½Iawmfrlw,f? t&[wåzkdvfqkdufw,f/ 'guÓPftxufpm;yk*¾dKvfyJ/

opömav;yg;wkdYukd xkd;xGif;od&ef usifhpOftusOf;csKyf ] 79

yÍö*¾ ZeD;armifESH

aemufyk*¾dKvfwpfrsKd;uawmh ½kyfemrfESpfyg;enf;ESifh 0dyóem ½IyGm;okH;oyfwJh yk*¾dKvfrsKd; jzpfygw,f/ ykHpHxkwfjy&vQif "r®y't|uxmrSm("r®y'-|-2-367-369/) vm&SdwJh yÍö*¾ ZeD;armifESHwdkY jzpfygw,f/

yÍö*¾ ZeD;armifESHqkdwJh ZeD;armifESH ESpfOD;ukd bk&m;&Sifu 'D pdwfapwoduf ½kyfw&m;awGukd ESpfykH ykHNyD;awmh 0dyóem½IzkdY ñTefMum;ay;awmfrlw,f/ pdwfESifh apwodufukd emrfw&m;vkdY ac:w,f? ½kyfu½kyfw&m;/ ½kyfw&m;awGukd wpfykHç emrfw&m;awGukd wpfykH - ESpfykHykHNyD;awmh 0dyóem½I&wJh enf;pepf jzpfygw,f/ tJ'Dvkd ½IzkdY&ef ñTefMum;ay;awmfrlwJh enf;ukd ½kyfemrf ESpfyg;enf;vkdY ac:ygw,f/ 'gvnf;ÓPftvGefxufwJh yk*¾dKvfawGyJ/

t½lyor®LV§yk*¾dKvf (r[m#D-2-85/)

aemuf yk*¾dKvfwpfrsKd; &Sdao;w,f/ wcsKdUwcsKdU yk*¾dKvfawGusawmh½lyor®LV§ § § § § ----- ½kyfw&m;rSm awGa0w,f/ wcsKdUyk*¾dKvfawGusawmh t½ly-or®LV§§ §§ § - - - - - emrfw&m;rSm awGa0w,f/ wcsKdUyk*¾dKvfawGusawmh Ob,-or®LV § -§ -§ -§ -§ - ½kyfemrf ESpfyg;vkH;rSm awGa0Muw,f/

'Dawmh 'Dy&rw¬"mwfom; pdwf apwoduf ½kyfw&m; okH;rsKd;&SdwJhteufu wcsKdU yk*¾dKvfawGrSm ½kyfw&m;ESifh ywfoufvdkY todÓPfuoefY&Sif;w,f? emrfw&m;ESifh ywfoufvdkY todÓPfu roefY&Sif;bl;/tJ'Dvdkyk*¾dKvfrsKd;jzpfcJhvQif jrwfpGmbk&m;u ½kyfw&m;rSm todÓPfoefY&Sif;aewJhtwGuf ½kyfw&m;awGudk wpfyHk yHkNyD;awmh 0dyóem½IzdkY ñTefMum;ay;w,f? emrfw&m;ESifh ywfoufvdkY todÓPf roefY&Sif;wJhtwGufemrfw&m;awGudk a0'emwpfyHkç onmwpfyHkç usefwJhapwoduf (50)ocFg& wpfyHkç todpdwf 0dnmPf wpfyHk? aygif; (4)yHk yHkNyD;awmh 0dyóem½IzdkY ñTefMum;ay;vdkufw,f/


tJ'Dvdk ñTefMum;wJhenf;udk cEm (5)yg;enf;vdkY ac:ygw,f/ ½kyfw&m;rSm todÓPf oefY&Sif;NyD;awmh emrfw&m;ESifhywfoufvkdY todÓPfroefY&Sif;wJh yk*¾dKvfawGtwGuf jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifu 0dyóem½IuGufudkoifay;awmfrlwJhenf;yJ/

teD;uyfqHk; qdkvdkY&SdvQifawmh emrnfausmfjzpfwJh yÍö0*¾D ig;OD;wdkYudkbk&m;&Sifonf "r®pMum a'oemawmfjrwfjzifh aomwmywådr*f-zdkvfudkqdkufatmif acscRwfay;awmfrlNyD;wJhaemuf tewåvu©Pokwåefjzifht&[wåzdkvfayguf acscRwfwJhtydkif;rSm 'DcE¨mig;yg;enf;ESifh 0dyóem½IuGufudk bk&m;&Sifu oifay;awmfrlygw,f/

aemufwpfenf;ajymvQifawmh ÓPfxufaewJh wdu©yn0g olawmfaumif;awGukdvnf; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf cE¨mig;yg;enf;ESifh 0dyóem½IuGufudk oifay;awmfrlw,f/

aemufwpfenf;uawmh - oHcdwå½kpd = 0dyóem½IuGufrSm tusOf;ESpfcsKdufwJh olawmfaumif;awGudkvnf; bk&m;&Sifonf cEmig;yg;enf;ESifh0dyóem½IzdkY&ef ñTefMum;ay;awmfrlw,f/

tJ'D cEmig;yg;qdkwm bmvJvdkYar;awmh pdwf apwoduf ½kyfw&m;yJaemf/ ½I&rnfh y&rw¬"mwfom;u twlwlyJ? ig;yHk yHkvdkufwmyJ uGmw,f/aemufwpfrsKd;u ...

½lyor®LV§yk*¾dKvf

wcsKdUwcsKdU yk*¾dKvfusawmh ½kyfw&m;ESifh ywfoufvkdY todÓPfuroefY&Sif;bl;? awGa0aew,f? ½lyor®LV§ yk*¾dKvfjzpfaew,f/ emrfw&m;ESifhywfoufvdkY todÓPfu oefY&Sif;w,f/

tJ'Dvdk yk*¾dKvfrsKd;udk bk&m;&Sifonf ½kyfw&m;rSm todÓPf roefY&Sif;


wJhtwGuf ½kyfw&m;awGudk q,fyHkcGJ? emrfw&m;rSm todÓPf oefY&Sif;aewJhtwGuf emrfw&m;awGudk rem,weç "r®m,we qdkNyD; wpfyHkcGJaygh?½kyfawG emrfawGudk wpfq,fhESpfyHk yHkNyD;awmh 0dyóem½IzdkY oifay;awmfrlygw,f/

tJ'Denf;udk tm,we a'oemenf; (= oVm,we0dbwådenf;)vdkYac:ygw,f/ tm,we (12)yg;enf;ESifh 0dyóem ½I&w,f/ tm,we(12)yg;qdkwm bmvJvdkYar;vQif pdwf apwoduf ½kyfw&m;yJ? twlwlyJ/

aemufwpfcsuf zGifhqdkxm;wmu ÓPftv,ftvwfpm; &SdaewJhyk*¾dKvfawGudkvnf; bk&m;&Sifonf tm,we a'oemenf;jzifh pdwfapwoduf ½kyfw&m;awGudk (12)yHk yHkNyD;awmh 0dyóem½IzdkY oifay;awmfrlygw,f/

aemufwpfenf; zGifhqdkxm;wmu rusOf; rus,f tv,ftvwfBudKufaewJh rZÑdr½kpdyk*¾dKvf (= tv,ftvwfBudKufwJhyk*¾dKvf) awGudkvnf; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf tm,we (12)yg;enf;jzifh 0dyóem½IuGufudkoifay;awmfrlygw,f/ 'gu wpfenf;/

Ob,or®LV§yk*¾dKvf

aemufyk*¾dKvfwpfrsKd;usawmh ½kyfw&m;ESifhywfoufvdkY todÓPfroefY&Sif;bl;? awGa0w,f/ emrfw&m;ESifhywfoufvdkYvnf; todÓPfuroefY&Sif;bl;? awGa0aew,f/ tJ'Dvdkyk*¾dKvfrsKd;jzpfvQifawmh bk&m;&Sifonf "mwf (18)yg;enf;jzifh 0dyóem½IuGufudk oifay;awmfrlygw,f/

"mwf (18)yg;qdkwmu bmvJvdkYar;vQif pdwf apwoduf ½kyfw&m;yJ?twlwlyJaemf/ (18)yHk yHkNyD;awmh 0dyóem½IuGufudk ½Iwm? (12)yHk yHkNyD;½Iwm? (5)yHk yHkNyD; ½Iwm? ½kyfemrf ESpfyg;taeESifh (2)yHk yHkNyD; ½Iwm?ocFg&w&m;taeESifh wpfyHk yHkNyD; ½Iwm? 'gyJ uGmw,f/ t½IcH y&rw¬


"mwfom;uawmh pdwf apwoduf ½kyfw&m;csnf;yJ jzpfw,f/(r[m#D-2-85-Munfhyg/)

tJ'DtajccHpnf;rsOf;udkawmh 0dyóem½Irnfhyk*¾dKvfrsm; em;vnfxm;zdkYvdkygw,f/ tJ'D½kyfrSm ½kyfu (28)yg;&Sdw,f/ ½kyfwdkYrnfonfrSm uvmyfvdkYac:wJh trIefav;awGtaeESifh jzpfw,f/ uvmyfwpfckwpfcktwGif;rSm - yx0D tmayg awaZm 0ga,mqdkwJh "mwfav;yg;ç tqif; teHYt&om MoZmqdkwJh Oyg'g½kyfav;yg; - tenf;qHk; oabmw&m; &Spfckavmuf aygif;pkrS ½kyfuvmyftrIefwpfck jzpfw,f/

tJ'DuvmyftrIefuav;awG rsm;pGmaygif;pkvdkufygrS qHyifç arG;nif;çajconf;vufonf;ç oGm;ç ta& pwJh (32)aum|mo tpkta0;awGay:vmw,f/ 'D (32)aum|mo tpkta0;awGudk twdwfu uHpDrHonfhtwdkif; tcsKd;wus wyfqifvdkufygrS a,mufsm; rdef;r yk*¾dKvfowå0gqdkwm ay:vmwmjzpfw,f/

tJ'Dawmh rl&if;wnfaqmufxm;wJh ypönf;awGonf oabmw&m;oufoufyJ? yx0Dç tmaygç awaZmç 0ga,mpwJh "mwfav;yg;OD;aqmifaewJh ½kyfoabmoufoufyJ/

tJ'D ½kyfy&rwfawGudk odzdkYu yxr ½kyfuvmyfudk jrifatmif ½IwwfzdkY? 'kwd, ½kyfuvmyfudkjrifvQif tJ'D½kyfuvmyfudk "mwfcGJNyD;uvmyftwGif;&Sd (8)rsKd; (9)rsKd;pwJh y&rwfawGudk odzdkY vdkygw,f/

uvmyfav;awGudk rjrifao;bl;? uvmyfvnf; "mwfrcGJwwfao;bl;qdkvQif xdkyk*¾dKvfonf ½kyfudk rodao;ygbl;/ tJ'D ½kyfwdkYrnfonfuvmyftaeESifhjzpfw,f 'Duvmyfudk "mwfcGJEdkifrS ½kyfw&m;udk odw,fqdkwmu bk&m;a[musrf;*efrSm tbd"r®mrSm txift&Sm; &Sdygw,f/

&SdayrJh 'D½kyfawGudk ½IvdkYr&bl;vkdY acwfuawmh 'DvdkajymaeMuw,f/½Ir&bl;qdkwJh bk&m;a[ma'oemygVdawmfESifh t|uxm #Dum tzGifh


r&Sdygbl;? usrf;*ef taxmuftxm; vHk;vHk;r&SdwJh tqdktrdefYwpf&yfomjzpfygw,f/

'Dawmh - bk&m;a[mwJh ½kyfw&m;udk pepfwus odcsifw,fqdkvQifbmvkyf&rvJ¿ 'Dtydkif;u@u wpf&yf/ 'Dtydkif;u@udk aemufrSajymr,f/ aemufwpfck - emrfw&m;taMumif; ajymMu&atmif .../

emrfoabm

emrfw&m;awGrSm 0DxdpdwfESifh 0DxdrkwfpdwfqdkNyD; ESpfrsKd; &Sdygw,f/0Dxdpdwfemrfw&m;wdkYrnfonf 0DxdvdkYac:wJh ed,mrvrf;aMumif;twdkif;jzpfMuw,f? pdwåed,mrvdkY ac:ygw,f/ 'Ded,mrvrf;aMumif;u vGJvQifajymif;vJNyD; jzpf½dk;"r®wm r&Sdbl;/

bk&m;&SifoEÅmefrSm jzpfaewJh ½lyg½Hkudk odaewJh pdwfvnf; 'Ded,mrvrf;aMumif;twdkif;yJ jzpfw,f/ om0uawGoEÅmefrSm jzpfay:oGm;wJh½lyg½Hkudk odwJhpdwfvnf; 'Ded,mrvrf;aMumif;twdkif;yJ jzpfw,f/ tm½Hkajcmufyg;udk odNyDqdkvQif 'Ded,mrvrf;aMumif;twdkif;yJ jzpfw,f/ 'Ded,mrvrf;aMumif;uae ajymif;vJNyD; jzpf½dk;"r®wm r&Sdbl;/ r&SdwJhtwGuf olUudk pdwåed,mrvdkY ac:ygw,f/

0Dxdpdwfemrfw&m;wdkYrnfonf pdwåed,mrvrf;aMumif;twdkif; 0DxdvdkYac:wJh pdwftpOftwdkif; jzpfMuw,f/

0DxdrkwfvdkYac:wJh pdwfuav;awG&Sdw,f? y#doaE¨&,f b0if&,fpkwd&,f/ 'gudkawmh >cif;csufxm;vdkuf/ olwdkYu 0DxdrStvGwf 0Dxd&JUtjyifbufrSm jzpfMuwJh emrfw&m;awGyJ/

0Dxdac:wJhpdwftpOftwdkif; jzpf½dk;"r®wm&SdwJh emrfw&m;udk ½Irnfhyk*¾dKvfonf 'D0Dxdac:wJh ed,mrvrf;aMumif;twdkif; jzpfoGm;wmudkomvdkufNyD;jrifatmif Munfh&r,f/ 'Ded,mr vrf;aMumif;twdkif; jzpfoGm;wm


udk rjrifao;vQifvnf; emrfy&rwfe,fajrudk rul;ao;bl;/

odkYaomf emrfw&m;wdkYrnfonfrSmvnf; ½kyfw&m;vdkyJ wpfvHk;csif;jzpfEdkifwJhpGrf;tm; r&Sdbl;? tkyfpktvdkufom jzpfw,f/

tenf;qHk;tm;jzifh pu©K0dnmPfpdwfuav;wpfckyJ qdkMupdkY .../todpdwfç zóç a0'emç onmç apwemç {u*¾wmç ZD0dwç reodum&qdkwJh oabmw&m;&Spfck aygif;pkrS jzpfEdkifwJhpGrf;tm; &Sdw,f? wpfvHk;csif;jzpfEdkifwJhpGrf;tm; r&Sdbl;/

tJ'Dawmh 'Dpdwåu©PwpfcktwGif;rSm wnf&SdaewJh emrfw&m;awGudkþum; zóç þum; a0'emç þum; onmç þum; apwemponfjzifh cGJjcm;pdwfjzmNyD; odrS emrfw&m;udk odrSm jzpfygw,f/

tJ'Dvdk cGJjcm;pdwfjzmNyD;vnf; rodbl;? yÍö'Gg&m0ZÆef;ç pu©K0dnmPfçorÜ#dpäd Kif;ç oEÅD&Pç 0ka|mç aZmç w'g½Hk pwJh0DxdpdwftpOfawGvnf;[kwfwdkif;rSefpGm rodbl;? tJ'DvdkqdkvQif - bk&m;qdkvdkwJh emrfw&m;udkrodao;ygbl;/ ½kyfemrfudkrQ rodao;wJh yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;tzdkY b,fvdkrSr*fzdkvf edAÁmefudk r&Edkifygbl;/ bmjzpfvkdYvJ¿

pwkw¬y&rwfjzpfwJh 'DedAÁmefudk oGm;csifvQif 'D pdwfapwoduf ½kyfw&m;awGudk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm od&r,f/ eHygwf (1) emr½lyy&dapä'ÓPf&&r,f/

&NyD;wJhtcsdeftcgusawmhrS xdkolawmfaumif;u 'D pdwf apwoduf½kyfawGonf bmaMumifhjzpfovJqdkwJh taMumif;w&m;awGudk wpfqifhwufNyD;awmh &SmazG&ygw,f/ taMumif;w&m;awGudk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGmodrS ypö,y&d*¾[ÓPfudk &&Sdr,f/ 'Dawmh wcsKdUwcsKdU pdwf apwoduf½kyfw&m;awG emrfw&m;awGonf twdwftaMumif;aMumifh jzpfwmvnf; &Sdw,f/ wcsKdUwcsKdU ½kyfawG emrfawGu ypöKyÜeftaMumif;aMumifhjzpfwmvnf; &Sdw,f/


uHwdkY\pGrf;tifck 'DokwåefrSma[maewJh pdwåol<u,f&JU ½kyfemrfMunfhaygh/ uóy

bk&m;&Sifvufxufawmfwkef;u qGrf;vSLcJhw,f? qGrf;vSLNyD;awmh tqif;ig;yg;&SdwJh yef;rdk;&GmoGef;zdkY&eftwGuf qkawmif;cJhw,f/

'Dqkawmif;&JU pGrf;tm;aMumifh arG;vmwJhtcsdefrSm tqif; ig;rsKd;&SdwJh yef;rdk;BuD; &GmoGef; rcsbl;vm;¿ csaew,f/ vufaqmifyPÖmaxmifaygif;rsm;pGm qdkufa&mufzkdYtwGufvnf; qkawmif;cJhw,f/ tJ'Dqkawmif;vnf; wpfaeY jynfhrSmjzpfygw,faemf/

'gaMumifh wcsKdUwcsKdU ½kyfawGemrfawGonf twdwfu taMumif;aMumifh jzpfwmvnf;&Sdw,f/ wcsKdUwcsKdU ½kyfawG emrfawGu ypöKyÜeftaMumif;aMumifh jzpfwmvnf; &Sdw,f/

twdwfutaMumif;aMumifhjzpfwJh ½kyfawGemrfawG[mvnf; twdwfu b,fvdktaMumif;w&m;awGudk xlaxmifcJhvkdY 'D½kyfawG emrfawGjzpfae&ovJvdkY odatmif ½I&ygw,f/ bmjzpfvdkYvJ¿

0dyóaue ye ur®EÅ&Íö 0dyguEÅ&Íö {ua'oawm ZmedwAÁH/(0dok'd-2-237/)

0dyóaue ye =0dyóaue ye =0dyóaue ye =0dyóaue ye =0dyóaue ye = 0dyóembm0emur®|mef;udk pD;jzef;yGm;rsm;aewJha,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvfonf/ ur®EÅ&Íö = ur®EÅ&Íö = ur®EÅ&Íö = ur®EÅ&Íö = ur®EÅ&Íö = uHwdkY\ xl;axGuGJjym;rIudkvnf;aumif;/ 0dyguEÅ&Íö = 0dyguEÅ&Íö = 0dyguEÅ&Íö = 0dyguEÅ&Íö = 0dyguEÅ&Íö = tusKd;w&m;wdkY\ xl;axGuGJjym;rIudkvnf;aumif;/ {ua'oawm = {ua'oawm = {ua'oawm = {ua'oawm = {ua'oawm = wpfpdwfwpfa'otm;jzifh/ ZmedwAÁH = ZmedwAÁH = ZmedwAÁH = ZmedwAÁH = ZmedwAÁH =odoifhodxdkufay\/

0dyóembm0emur®|mef;udk pD;jzef;aewJhyk*¾dKvfu uH-uH\tusKd;w&m;udkawmh wpfpdwfwpfa'otm;jzifh odoifhw,f/

bmjzpfvkdY wpfpdwfwpfa'otm;jzifh odoifhw,fvkdY ajym&ovJvdkYar;awmh tukefvHk; tukeftpifodzdkYqdkwmu om0uwdkY&JUt&m r[kwf


bl;? oAÁnKor®morÁK'¨bk&m;&SifwdkY&JU t&momjzpfw,f/ 'gayrJh --

oaAÁe oAÁH tZmeae ypö,y&d*¾a[m e y&dyl&wd/(r[m#D-2-380/)

oaAÁe oAÁH =oaAÁe oAÁH =oaAÁe oAÁH =oaAÁe oAÁH =oaAÁe oAÁH = tcsif;cyfodrf;/ tZmeae = tZmeae = tZmeae = tZmeae = tZmeae = rodcJhonf&Sdaomf/ypö,y&d*¾a[m =ypö,y&d*¾a[m =ypö,y&d*¾a[m =ypö,y&d*¾a[m =ypö,y&d*¾a[m = ypö,y&d*¾[ÓPfonf/ e y&dyl&wd = e y&dyl&wd = e y&dyl&wd = e y&dyl&wd = e y&dyl&wd = b,fenf;ESifhrS rjynfhpkHEdkif/

uH-uH\tusKd;udk vHk;vHk;rodcJhvQifawmh ypö,y&d*¾[ÓPfudk b,fvdkrS r&Edkifbl;/ 'gaMumifh uH-uH\tusKd;udk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm odzdkYtwGufç'Dae&mrSm ypö,y&d*¾[ÓPf&&Sda&;twGuf twdwfu taMumif;w&m;awGudk ½IzdkY vdkovm; rvdkbl;vm;¿ vdktyfaew,f/

enf;enf;av; pOf;pm;Munfhprf;µ 'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awGw&m;emaeMuwm qkav;wpfck awmif;Munfhprf;yg/ Oyrm - þw&m;em,l&onfh aumif;rIaMumifh ewfom;jzpfygap? odkYr[kwf ewforD;jzpfygapvdkY qkawmif;Munhfyg/

'Dw&m;emwJh uH[mvnf; ewfjynfa&mufaMumif; uHawGxJu uHwpfrsKd;yJ jzpfw,f/ csufcsif; jzpfovm;¿ rjzpfygbl;/ csufcsif;omjzpfr,fqdkvQif - csufcsif; ..ewfom; oGm;jzpfrSmaygh? csufcsif; ..ewforD; oGm;jzpfrSmaygh/

uHwdkYrnfonfrSm jzpfqJcPrSm b,fawmhrStusKd;ray;bl;? &ifhusufzdkY&ef tcsdeftcgumv apmifhqdkif;&w,f/ EGm;EdkYwdkYrnfonfrSm n§pfvdkufvQif csufcsif; b,fawmhrS axmywfrjzpfbl;? csufcsif; 'defcJ rjzpfbl;?&ifhusufzdkY&eftwGuf tcsdefumvtenf;i,f rapmifhqdkif;&bl;vm;¿apmifhqdkif;&w,f/

tJ'DyHkpHtwdkif;yJ uHwdkYrnfonfrSmvnf; jzpfaewkef; jzpfqJcPrSmb,fawmhrS tusKd;ray;bl;? &ifhusufatmifawmh tcsdefumv tenf;


i,f apmifhqdkif;&w,f/ wcsKdU b0jcm;NyD;awmh apmifh&w,f? wcsKdU b0aygif;rsm;pGm jcm;NyD;awmh apmifh&w,f/

(tbd-|-3-374/ rlv#D-3-372 - Munhfyg/)

ck pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umudk tusKd;ay;aewJh uHudk MunfhvdkufvQif vuf&Sd 'D tqif;ig;yg;&SdwJh yef;rdk;BuD; &GmoGef;aew,fqdkwJh'DtusKd;w&m;onf b,fwkef;u xlaxmifcJhwJhuHvJ¿ uóybk&m;&Sifvufxufu xlaxmifcJhwJhuH jzpfw,f/ 'Dpdwåol<u,fb0rSm xlaxmifcJhwJhuH [kwfovm;¿ r[kwfbl;aemf/

'gaMumifh 0dyóembm0emur®|mef; pD;jzef;awmhrnfh a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu uH-uH\tusKd;udk wpfpdwfwpfa'o odatmifawmh BudK;pm;&w,f/'DvdkBudK;pm;tm;xkwfjcif;[m ork',opömudk odatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfjcif;om jzpfw,f/ wpfenf;ajym&vQifawmh ork',opömaMumifh'ku©opömjzpfykHudk odatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfjcif;omjzpfygw,f/ odkYaomfuHESifh uH&JUtusKd;udk t<uif;tusefr&Sd ukefpifatmif tukefvHk; odzkdYuawmh oAÁnKor®morÁK'¨bk&m;&SifwdkY&JUt&mom jzpfygw,f/

erlemav;ajymvQifawmh bkef;BuD;wdkYjrwfpGmbk&m;rSm 0dygufawmfq,fhESpfyg; &Sdygw,f/ tavmif;awmfb0u usL;vGefcJhwJh jypfrSm;rIav;awG &Sdw,f/ acgif;cJwmu olUuHwpfck? cg;emwmu olUuHwpfck ponfjzifh qdkif&mtaMumif;w&m;ESifh qdkif&mtusKd;w&m;awG oD;oefY&Sdw,f/

tJ'Dvdkukefpifatmif tukefvHk;odwmuawmh oAÁnKor®morÁK'¨bk&m;&SifwdkY&JUt&mawGom jzpfygw,f/ om0uawGusawmh ukefpifatmifawmh rodEdkifbl;? odkYaomf wpfpdwfwpfa'o wcsKdUwpf0ufavmufawmh od&r,f? vHk;vHk;rodcJhbl;qdkvQif ypö,y&d*¾[ÓPfudk&rvm;¿ r&Edkifbl;aemf/

uJ 'D½kyfw&m; 'Demrfw&m;udk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm oda&;ç 'DtaMumif;w&m; 'DtusKd;w&m;udk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm oda&;twGuf bmvdkovJ¿


orm"dxlaxmifzdkY vdkygw,faemf/ tJ'Dawmh orm"dxlaxmifwJhtydkif;rSm 'Dpdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;u (32)aum|mour®|mef;ESifh0dyóemodkY ul;oGm;wJhyk*¾dKvf jzpfwJhtwGuf (32)aum|mour®|mef;taMumif;udk ajymMu&atmif/ (32)aum|moudk ½IyGm;oHk;oyfwJhenf;onf okH;enf;&Sdygw,f/

wpfenf;uawmh - "mwfur®|mef; tus,fenf;rSmvnf; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf (32)aum|mo ½IuGufudk a[mxm;awmfrlw,f/ aemufwpfenf;uawmh - y#dulvreodum&vdkY ac:qdktyfwJh ur®|mef;ydkif;rSmvnf; (32)aum|moudk jrwfpGmbk&m; a[mMum;xm;awmfrlw,f/'guawmh todrsm;wJhenf; ESpfenf;yJ/

aemufwpfenf;a[mxm;awmfrlwm &Sdao;w,f? tJ'guawmh -tbdbm,wepsmef 0darmu©psmefqdkwJhtrnfESifh uodkPf;vrf;uaejrwfpGmbk&m;u a[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJh enf;jzpfw,f/ tm;vHk;aygif;vdkufvQifawmh oHk;enf;yJ/

(32)aum|moawGudk ½IyGm;oHk;oyfzdkYenf;ESifh ywfoufvdkY jrwfpGmbk&m;onf b,fESpfenf; a[mMum;xm;awmfrlovJ¿ oHk;enf;/

eHygwf (1) ta&mifuodkPf;vrf;eHygwf (2) y#dulvreodum&vrf;eHygwf (3) "mwkreodum&vrf; ("mwfur®|mef;vrf;) --

qdkNyD;awmh vrf;oHk;oG,f a[mxm;ygw,f/

tJ'Dawmh (32)aum|moonf vrf;oHk;oG,f oGm;vdkY&w,f/ vrf;oHk;oG,f oGm;vdkY&wJhtydkif;rSm (32)aum|moudk b,fvdkpNyD; jynfwnf½IrvJvdkY ar;vQifawmh ESpfenf;&Sdw,f/

tJ'D½Ienf;uawmh EIwfESifh&GwfyGm;wJhenf;u wpfenf;ç "mwfur®|mef;udk jynfwnfNyD; ½IwJhenf;u wpfenf; qdkNyD;awmh ESpfenf;&Sdygw,faemf/


"mwfBuD;av;yg;udk jynfwnfNyD;½IvQifvnf; (32)aum|morSm&SdwJh ½kyfawGudk pepfwus odr,fqdkNyD; 0dok'dr*¾t|uxmrSm zGifhqdkxm;ygw,f/tJ'Denf;udkyJ bkef;BuD;wdkY ajymMu&atmifaemf/

cE¨mtdrfrSm "mwfBuD; av;yg;udk p½I&r,f/ --

ok'¨0dyóem,medaumok'¨0dyóem,medaumok'¨0dyóem,medaumok'¨0dyóem,medaumok'¨0dyóem,medaum ye t,ar0 0g orx,medaumorx,medaumorx,medaumorx,medaumorx,medaumpwk"mwk00w¬mae 0kwåmeH awoH awoH "mwky&d*¾[rkcgeH tnw&-rkc0aoe oacFyawm 0g 0dw¬m&awm 0g pwaóm "mwka,my&d*¾PSmwd/ --

ponfjzifh 0dok'¨dr*¾t|uxm 'kwd,wGJ - pmrsufESm (222) rSmñTefMum;xm;ygw,f/

ok'¨0dyóem,meduyk*¾dKvfyJjzpfjzpf? orx,meduyk*¾dKvfuvnf;emrfur®|mef;upNyD; 'd|d0dok'¨dpcef;odkY rul;bJ ½kyfur®|mef;upNyD; 'd|d0dok'¨dpcef;odkY ul;csifw,fqdkvQif tJ'Dvdk ½kyfur®|mef;upNyD; 'd|d0dok'¨dpcef;odkY ul;csifwJh orx,meduyk*¾dKvfyJ jzpfjzpfayghav - ½kyfur®|mef;uae pNyD;½Iawmhr,fqdkvdkY&SdvQifawmh "mwfBuD;av;yg;udk p½I&w,f/

tJ'D "mwfBuD;av;yg; ½IwJhtydkif;rSm tusOf;enf; tus,fenf;ESpfenf;&SdwJhteuf BudKufwJhenf;u p½IEdkifygw,faemf/ ckawmh tusOf;enf; ajymMu&atmif .../

"mwfur®|mef;tusOf;enf;

"mwfur®|mef;rSm tusOf;enf; tus,fenf;qkdNyD; ESpfenf; &Sdygw,f/"mwfur®|mef; tus,f½IyGm;enf;uawmh r[m&m[kavm0g'okwåef (r-2-83-89/) "mwk0db*Fokwåef (r-3-281-290/) r[m[w¬dya'gyrokwåef(r-1-242-249/) tbd"r®m"mwk0db*FygVdawmf (tbd-2-84-87/) wkdYrSm vm&Sdygw,f/ (32)aum|mowdkYESifhwuG awaZmaum|mo (4)rsKd;ç 0ga,m


aum|mo (6)rsKd;wdkY t0iftyg tm;vkH; (42)aum|mowdkYrSm wnf&SdwJh"mwfBuD;av;yg;wdkYudk odrf;qnf;½IyGm;wJhenf; jzpfygw,f/ "mwfur®|mef;tusOf;½IyGm;enf;uawmh r[mowdy|meokwåefrSm vm&Sdygw,f/'DnrSmawmh "mwfur®|mef; tusOf;½IyGm;enf;u pNyD; a[mMu emMu&atmif/ "mwfur®|mef; tusOf;enf;½IuGufukd r[mowdy|meokwåefrSm bk&m;&Sifonf b,fvdka[mMum;xm;awmfrlovJ¿

yke py&H bdu©a0 bdu©K £rar0 um,H ,xmXdwH ,xmyPd[dwH"mwkaom ypöa0u©wd ]]tw¬d £ro®ð uma, yx0D"mwk tmayg"mwkawaZm"mwk 0ga,m"mwl}}wd/ (r-1-73/)

bdu©a0 =bdu©a0 =bdu©a0 =bdu©a0 =bdu©a0 = &[ef;wkdY .../ yke py&H =yke py&H =yke py&H =yke py&H =yke py&H = aemufwpfrsKd;aomfum;/bdu©K =bdu©K =bdu©K =bdu©K =bdu©K = a,m*g0p&&[ef;onf/ ,xmXdwH = ,xmXdwH = ,xmXdwH = ,xmXdwH = ,xmXdwH = wnfjrJwkdif;aom/,xmyPd[dwH =,xmyPd[dwH =,xmyPd[dwH =,xmyPd[dwH =,xmyPd[dwH = xm;jrJwdkif;aom/ £rar0 um,H = £rar0 um,H = £rar0 um,H = £rar0 um,H = £rar0 um,H = þ½lyum,BuD;udkyifvQif/ ]]£ro®ð uma, =]]£ro®ð uma, =]]£ro®ð uma, =]]£ro®ð uma, =]]£ro®ð uma, = þ½lyum,ü/ yx0D"mwk = yx0D"mwk = yx0D"mwk = yx0D"mwk = yx0D"mwk =yx0D"mwfonf/ tmayg"mwk = tmayg"mwk = tmayg"mwk = tmayg"mwk = tmayg"mwk = tmayg"mwfonf/ awaZm"mwk awaZm"mwk awaZm"mwk awaZm"mwk awaZm"mwk===== awaZm"mwfonf/ 0ga,m"mwk = 0ga,m"mwk = 0ga,m"mwk = 0ga,m"mwk = 0ga,m"mwk = 0ga,m"mwfonf/ tw¬d = tw¬d = tw¬d = tw¬d = tw¬d =&Sd\/}} £wd =}} £wd =}} £wd =}} £wd =}} £wd = þodkYvQif/ "mwkaom = "mwkaom = "mwkaom = "mwkaom = "mwkaom = "mwfoabmtpktyHktm;jzifh/ypöa0u©wd =ypöa0u©wd =ypöa0u©wd =ypöa0u©wd =ypöa0u©wd = toD;toD; wpfvHk;pD wpfvHk;pD ÓPfpu©Kjzifh cGJjcm;pdwfjzmvsuf qifjcif oHk;oyf ½IyGm;í aeav\/

ypöa0u©wDwd ywd ywd ta0u©wd? ÓPpu©Kem 0dedAÇ KZdwGm 0doHk0doHk yówd/ (r-#D-1-365/)

'Dvdk #Dumq&mawmfu &Sif;vif;wifjyxm;wJhtwGuf "mwfwpfvHk;pD "mwfwpfvHk;pDudk ÓPfESifh cJGjcm;pdwfjzmNyD; toD;toD; ½IyGm;&rnfhvkyfief;cGifjzpfygw,f/ 'Dawmh "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JU oabmobm0udktvsifa&S;OD;pGm &Sif;Mu&atmif .../

bk&m;&Sifonf "r®o*FPDygVdawmf (tbd-1-170/) rSm yx0D"mwfudk


uu©VH rk'kuH oPSH z½koH *½kuH v[kuH qdkNyD; (6)rsKd; a[mMum;awmfrlcJhygw,f/ t|uxm (tbd-|-1-368/) uvnf; --

yx0D"mwf (6) rsKd;1/ uu©VEÅd x'¨H = rmrIoabmç

2/ rk'kuEÅd tx'¨H = aysmhrIoabmç

3/ z½koEÅd c&H = Murf;rIoabmç

4/ oPSEÅd r|H = acsmrIoabmç

5/ *½kuEÅd bm&d,H = av;rIoabmç

6/ v[kuEÅd tbm&d,H? ov’[kuEÅd taw¬m = ayghrIoabm --

'Dvdk zGifhqdkxm;ygw,f/ 'gaMumifh yx0D"mwfrSm rm-aysmhç Murf;-acsmç av;-aygh qdkNyD; tpHktm;jzifh (3)pHk [rm-Murf;-av;ç aysmh-acsm-aygh qdkNyD; oabmw&m; (6)rsKd;] &Sdygw,f/

tmayg"mwf (2) rsKd;tmayg"mwfrSmawmh --

1/ j'0bm0 = y*¢&Pvu©Pm = ,dkpD;rIoabmç

2/ tmAE¨ebm0 = tmAE¨evu©Pm = zGJUpnf;rIoabm --

qdkNyD; oabmw&m; (2)rsKd; &Sdygw,f/

awaZm"mwf (2) rsKd;awaZm"mwfrSmawmh --

1/ OPSbm0 = OPSawaZm = ylrIoabmç

2/ oDwbm0 = oDwawaZm = at;rIoabm --

qdkNyD; oabmw&m; (2)rsKd; &Sdygw,f/


0ga,m"mwf (2) rsKd;

0ga,m"mwfrSmawmh --

1/ 0dw¬rÇebm0 = axmufuefrIoabmç

2/ ork'D&Pbm0 = wGef;uefrIoabm --

qdkNyD; oabmw&m; (2)rsKd; &Sdygw,f/ ork'D&Pbm0uawmh ork'D-&P&o (= 0ga,m"mwf&JU wGef;jcif;qdkwJh vkyfief;udpö&yf) jzpfygw,f/

tm;vHk;aygif;vdkufvQifawmh rm-Murf;-av;-aysmh-acsm-ayghç ,dkpD;-zJGUpnf;ç yl-at;ç axmuf-wGef; qdkNyD; oabmw&m; (12)rsKd; jzpfygw,f/'Doabmw&m; (12)rsKd;udk a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu a&S;OD;pGmodatmif ½IyGm;&rSmjzpfygw,f/ rdrd&JUcEmtdrfxJrSm jrifatmifMunfh&rSm jzpfw,f/ 'gaMumifha,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu --

1/ rmrIxif&Sm;&m wpfae&mu pí rmrIoabmudk wpfudk,fvHk;üjrifatmif½Iyg/

2/ Murf;rIxif&Sm;&m wpfae&mupí Murf;rIoabmudk wpfudk,fvHk;üjrifatmif½Iyg/

3/ av;rIxif&Sm;&m wpfae&mupí av;rIoabmudk wpfudk,fvHk;üjrifatmif½Iyg/

4/ aysmhrIxif&Sm;&m wpfae&mupí aysmhrIoabmudk wpfudk,fvHk;üjrifatmif½Iyg/

5/ acsmrIxif&Sm;&m wpfae&mupí acsmrIoabmudk wpfudk,fvHk;üjrifatmif½Iyg/

6/ ayghrIxif&Sm;&m wpfae&mupí ayghrIoabmudk wpfudk,fvHk;üjrifatmif½Iyg/


7/ ,dkpD;rIxif&Sm;&m wpfae&mupí ,dkpD;rIoabmudk wpfudk,fvHk;üjrifatmif½Iyg/

8/ zJGUpnf;rIxif&Sm;&m wpfae&mupí zJGUpnf;rIoabmudk wpfudk,fvHk;ü jrifatmif½Iyg/

9/ ylrIxif&Sm;&m wpfae&mupí ylrIoabmudk wpfudk,fvHk;ü jrifatmif½Iyg/

10/ at;rIxif&Sm;&m wpfae&mupí at;rIoabmudk wpfudk,fvHk;üjrifatmif½Iyg/

11/ axmufuefrIxif&Sm;&m wpfae&mupí axmufuefrIoabmudkwpfudk,fvHk;ü jrifatmif½Iyg/

12/ wGef;uefrI xif&Sm;&m wpfae&mu pí wGef;uefrIoabmudkwpfudk,fvHk;ü jrifatmif½Iyg/

'Dvdk½IwJhtcgrSm OD;acgif;uae ajczsm;txd ajczsm;uae OD;acgif;txd t½kd;Mum; taMumMum; tom;Mum; ta&Mum;odkY ÓPfwnf;[laom vufudkoGif;um oabmw&m; (12)rsKd;vHk;udk wpfckNyD;wpfckoGufoGufvufvuf jrifatmif½Iyg/

wGef;uefrIoabm

'Denf;pepfESifh ½IvdkYrS ratmifjrifvQifawmh aemufwpfenf;xyfajymr,f/ xifvG,f jrifvG,fwJh "mwfupNyD; ½IwJhpepf jzpfw,f/ touf½SLoGif; ½SLxkwfaewJh touf½SLvrf;aMumif;u pNyD; wGef;uefwJhoabm(= 0ga,m"mwf) udk pNyD; ½IMunfhyg/

touf½SLvrf;aMumif;wpfavQmufrSm avudk twGif;bufodkY ½SLoGif;vdkufwJhtcg wGef;uefaewJhoabmç avudktjyifbufodkY ½SLxkwfvdkufwJhtcg wGef;uefaewJh oabmudk jrifatmif ½Iyg/ txl;ojzifh


OD;acgif;&JU A[dktv,favmufrSm pdwfudkpdkufNyD;awmh touf½SLoGif;vkduf½SLxkwfvdkufwJhtcgrSm wGef;uefaewJhoabmudk ½IvQifawmh xifvG,fjrifvG,fwJhoabm &dSwwfygw,f/ tu,fí wGef;uefwJhoabmudkawGUvQif tJ'D wGef;uefwJhoabmtay:rSm bm0empdwfudk Nidrf0yfpGmuyfNyD;wnfaeatmif BudK;pm;yg/ wGef;uefrIoabmu xif&Sm;vmwJhtcg enf;enf; enf;enf; csJUxGifNyD; wGef;uefaewJhoabmudk wpfacgif;vHk;rSm jrifatmifMunfhyg/ atmifjrifvQifawmh wpfudk,fvHk;rSm yHkpHwlvdkuf½Iyg/ tom;Mum; t½kd;Mum; ta&Mum; taMumMum;odkY ÓPfwnf;[laom vufudkoGif;NyD; wGef;uefwJhoabmudk jrifatmif½Iyg/ OD;acgif;uae ajczsm;txd ajczsm;uae OD;acgif;txd Budrfzefrsm;pGm xyfumxyfum ½Iyg/ oGm;-&yf-xdkif-avsmif; qdkwJh £&d,mykxf av;yg;vHk;ESifhudk,ftrlt&mwdkif; vIyf&Sm;rIwdkif;rSm yHkpHwl½Iyg/

rmrIoabmtu,fí wGef;uefrIoabmudk ajcqHk;acgif;qHk; ½IvdkY atmifjrifNyD

qdkvQif yx0D"mwfxJu rm-rIoabmudk pwif ½IMunfhyg/ Oyrm -Murf;ESifhwifyg; xdwJhae&mupNyD; rmrIxif&Sm;vQif tJ'DrmrIudk ½IMunfhyg/'grSr[kwf txufoGm;ESifhatmufoGm; xdxm;wJhae&mu xif&Sm;vQiftJ'D oGm;ae&mu pNyD; ½IMunfhyg/ rxif&Sm;vQif wGef;uefwJhoabmESifhwJGNyD;awmh wGef;uefwJhoabmESifh rmwJhoabmudk wpfvSnfhpD ½IMunfhyg/

atmifjrifrI&&Sdygu ajcqHk;acgif;qHk; jrifatmif wpfvSnfhpD ½Iyg/wGef;uefwJhoabmw&m;udk wpfvSnfh ajcqHk;acgif;qHk; ½Iyg/ rmwJhoabmudk wpfvSnfh ajcqHk;acgif;qHk; ½Iyg/ wGef;uefwJhoabmESifh rmwJhoabm ESpfrsKd;vHk;udk NydKifwlvdkvdk jrifaevQif ydkaumif;ygw,f/ 'gayrJh'Dtydkif;rSmawmh wpfvHk;pDudkyJ xifxif&Sm;&Sm; oGufoGufvufvufjrifatmif½Iaeyg/ £&d,mykxf av;yg;vHk;rSma&m auG;wdkif;qefYwdkif;rSma&m wGef;uefwJhoabmESifh rmwJhoabmudk yHkpHwlyJ ½Iaeyg/


Murf;rIoabmwGef;uefwJhoabmESifh rmwJhoabm ESpfrsKd;vHk; xif&Sm;vmwJhtcgrSm

Murf;wJhoabmudkyg yl;wGJNyD;awmh awGUjrifvmwwfygw,f/ tu,fírawGUjrifygu vufcHkESifht0wfudk odkYr[kwf ouFef;udk tomyGwfMunfhyg/ Murf;wJhoabmukd awGUEdkifygw,f/ tu,fí rxif&Sm;u tay:tHoGm;xdyfudk vQmESifhyGwfMunfhyg/ Murf;wJhoabmudk awGUEdkifygw,f/

Murf;wJhoabmudk vG,fvG,fESifh cEmudk,ftESHYtjym; rawGUEdkifyguwGef;uefwJhoabm rmwJhoabm Murf;wJhoabmqdkwJh 'Doabmw&m;oHk;rsKd;udk yl;wJGNyD; wpfvSnfhpD ½IMunfhyg/ wGef;uefwJhoabmESifh rmwJhoabmwdkYudk cEmudk,ftESHYtjym; jrifatmif½Ixm;NyD;wJh yk*¾dKvftwGufwGef;uefwJhoabmESifh rmwJhoabmwdkY cE¨mudk,fodkY ysHUESHYoGm;wmukdawGUjrifwJhtcg Murf;wJhoabmudkyg yl;wJGNyD; awGUjrifwwfygw,f/bmjzpfvdkYvJ¿ "mwfBuD;av;yg; (= oabmw&m; 12-rsKd;) wdkY[m cE¨mudk,ftESYHtjym;rSm jzpfysuftaetxm;jzifh uHt&Sdeft0g rukefao;orQtjrJwrf; &dSaeMuygw,f/ tjrJwrf;&dSaewJh obm0awGudk ÓPfESifhjrifatmif Munfhaejcif;om jzpfw,f/

atmifjrifrI&&Sdygu wGef;uefwJhoabm rmwJhoabm Murf;wJhoabm qdkwJh 'Doabmw&m;oHk;ckudk Budrfzefrsm;pGm xyfumxyfumajcqHk;acgif;qHk; ½Iaeyg/ oHk;ckvHk;udk NydKifwlvdkvdk awGU&dSygu ydkaumif;onfom jzpfygw,f/ £&d,mykxf av;yg;vHk;ESifh auG;jcif;qefYjcif;pwJhudk,ftrlt&mwdkif;rSm yHkpHwlyJ ½Iyg/ Oyrm - pBuøavQmufwJhtcgajcaxmufESifhMurf;jyif awGUxdaewJh ae&mupNyD; ½IMunfhyg/ ajcudkaemufwpfvSrf; vSrf;zdkY&ef wGef;uefaewJhoabmç ajcaxmufESifhMurf;jyifxdwJhae&mrSm rmaewJhoabm Murf;aewJhoabmawGudk awGUEdkifygw,f/ tJ'D xdrIxif&Sm;wJh ae&mu pNyD; wpfudk,fvHk;rSm oabmw&m;(3)rsKd;vHk;udk wpfudk,fvHk;rSm jrifatmif wpfvSnfhpD xyfumxyfum


Budrfzefrsm;pGm ½Iaeyg/

av;rIoabmatmifjrifrIudk &&Sdygu av;rIoabmw&m;wpfckudk wdk;NyD;½IMunfhyg/

Oyrm - xdkifaewJhtcg cEmudk,f&JU atmufydkif;udk tay:ydkif;u zdxdkifwJhtwGuf av;vHaewJhoabmukd awGUEdkifygw,f/ 'grSr[kwfvQif vufwpfzufjzifh aygifay:udk tenf;i,f zdMunfhyg/ av;wJhoabmudkxifxif&Sm;&Sm; awGUEkdifygw,f/ wpfukd,fvkH;rSm jrifatmif quf½Iyg/tm;vkH;aygif;aomf oabmw&m; (4)rsKd; &SdoGm;ygNyD/ wGef;uefwJhoabmrmwJhoabm Murf;wJhoabm av;wJhoabm - aygif; (4)rsKd;jzpfw,f/ukd,ftrlt&mwkdif;rSm (4)rsKd;vkH;ukd wpfvSnfhpD ½Iaeyg/

axmufuefrIoabmckajymcJhwJh oabmw&m; (4)rsKd;vkH; todÓPfrSm xif&Sm;vmwJhtcg

axmufuefrI oabmwpfckukd wkd;NyD; ½IMunfhyg/ cE¨mukd,fukd xkdifvQifxkdifwJhtwdkif;ç &yfvQif &yfwJhtwkdif; wnfaeatmif rvJatmif xdef;xm;wJh pGrf;tifwpfrsKd; jzpfw,f/ tdrfwpftdrf NydKawmhr,fqdkvQif rNydKatmif usm;ac:wJh opfom;wpfacsmif;jzifh axmufxm;wJh Nidrfatmifxdef;xm;wJh oabmrsKd; jzpfw,f/ wGef;uefwJhoabm rmwJhoabmESpfrsKd;ESifh wGJNyD; ½IMunfhyg/ rxif&Sm;u cE¨mukd,fukd tenf;i,fvIyfMunfhyg? ,drf;Munfhyg? vJawmhrnfh ykHpH tenf;i,f jyKMunfhyg/rvJatmif jyefxdef;xm;wJh pGrf;tifukd awGUEkdifygw,f/ xif&Sm;vmyguwpfukd,fvkH;rSm jrifatmif quf½Iyg/ £&d,mykxfwdkif; ukd,ftrlt&mwkdif;rSm ykHpHwl ½Iyg/ tm;vkH;aygif;vkdufvQif wGef;-rm-Murf;-av;-axmufqkdwJh oabmw&m; (5)rsKd; jzpfoGm;NyD/ wpfvSnfhpD ajcqkH;acgif;qkH;jrifatmif xyfumxyfum ½Iyg/ rmwJhoabmESifh wGJNyD; ½Iygu ydkNyD;xuf&Sm;wwfygw,f/


aysmhrIoabmatmifjrifrI&&Sdygu aysmhrIoabmw&m;ukd quf½IMunfhyg/ atmuf

twGif;EIwfcrf;om;ukd vQmjzifh tenf;i,f xdxm;Munfhyg/ ukd,fukdavQmhxm;yg/ aysmhrIoabmw&m;[m xif&Sm;vmygvdrfhr,f/ xif&Sm;vmygu wpfukd,fvkH;ü jrifatmifquf½Iyg/ £&d,mykxfwkdif; ukd,ftrlt&mwkdif;rSm ykHpHwlyJ ½Iyg/ ckajymcJhwJh oabmw&m; (6)rsKd;ukd wpfvSnfhpDajcqkH;acgif;qkH; xyfumxyfum ½Iyg/

acsmrIoabm

aysmhaewJh atmuftwGif;EIwfcrf;om;ukd vQmjzifh wHawG;qGwfNyD;jznf;jznf;yGwfMunfhyg/ acsmaewJhoabmukd awGUEkdifygw,f/ wpfukd,fvkH;rSm jrifatmif½Iyg/ rxif&Sm;ygu aysmhrIoabmukd xyfumxyfum½Iyg/ aysmhrIxif&Sm;vmwJhtcgrSm acsmrIoabmukd quf½Iyg/ £&d,mykxfwkdif; ukd,ftrlt&mwkdif;rSm ykHpHwl ½Iyg/ tm;vkH; aygif;vkdufuoabmw&m; (7)rsKd; jzpfygw,f/ ajcqkH;acgif;qkH; xyfumxyfumtjrJwrf; ½IEkdifatmif BudK;pm;yg/

ayghrIoabm

aysmhrIESifhacsmrI xif&Sm;vmvQif ayghrIoabmw&m;yg xif&Sm;vmwwfygw,f/ tu,fí rxif&Sm;ygu av;rIoabmukd jyef½Iyg/

wpfudk,fvkH; av;vmwJhtcg 'l;ay:rSmwifxm;wJhvufrS vufn§dK;wpfacsmif;ukd tomuav; r-Munfhyg/ ayghrIoabm[m xifvmwwfygw,f/ xif&Sm;vmygu wpfukd,fvkH;rSm jrifatmifquf½Iyg/ aysmh-acsm-aygh-oabmw&m; (3)ckukd wGJNyD; xyfumxyfum ½Iyg/ £&d,mykxfwkdif; ukd,ftrlt&mwkdif;rSm ykHpHwlyJ quf½Iyg/ tm;vkH;aygif;vkdufvQif oabmw&m; (8)rsKd;jzpfw,f/ wpfvSnfhpD ajcqkH;acgif;qkH; xyfum


xyfum ½Iyg/

ylrIoabmç at;rIoabmylrIxif&Sm;wJh wpfae&mupNyD; ylwJhoabmukd wpfukd,fvkH; jrif

atmif ½Iyg/ Oyrm - vufvufcsif; xyfxm;&mü ylrI xif&Sm;aewwfygw,f/ tJ'Dvkd xif&Sm;wJh wpfae&mupNyD; wpfukd,fvkH;rSm jrifatmif½Iyg/

0ifoufavu ESmoD;zsm;ukd xdNyD; 0ifoGm;wJhtcg ESmoD;zsm;rSmpdwfukd pkduf½IvkdufvQif at;rIoabm xif&Sm;aewwfygw,f/ tvm;wlyJ tjyifu avwkd;wkdufaewJhtcg tJ'Davu yg;jyifukd vmxdvQifvnf; at;rIoabm xif&Sm;aewwfygw,f/ tJ'Dvkd at;rIxif&Sm;wJhwpfae&mupNyD;awmh at;rIoabmukd wpfukd,fvkH;rSm jrifatmif quf½Iyg/

£&d,mykxfwkdif; ukd,ftrlt&mwkdif;rSm ylrIoabm at;rIoabmawGukd wpfukd,fvkH;rSm jrifatmif xyfumxyfum ½Iyg/ tm;vkH;aygif;vkdufygu oabmw&m; (10)rsKd; jzpfw,f/ wGef;-rm-Murf;-av;-axmuf-aysmh-acsm-aygh-yl-at; tm;vkH; (10)rsKd; jzpfw,f/ xyfumxyfum ½Iyg/

zGJUpnf;rIoabmckajymcJhwJh oabmw&m; (10)rsKd;ukd xyfumxyfum ajcqkH;acgif;qkH;

½IaevQif zGJUpnf;rIoabmw&m;[mvnf; a,m*Dyk*¾dKvf&JU todÓPfrSmxif&Sm;vmwwfygw,f/ tu,fí rxif&Sm;ygu wGef;uefwJhoabmESifh rmwJhoabm ESpfckukd xyfumxyfum ½IvQifvnf; xif&Sm;vmygw,f/ wpfukd,fvkH;ukd BudK;ESifhpnf;wkyfxm;wJh ykHpHrsKd;ukd awGUwwfygw,f/ £&d,mykxfwkdif; ukd,ftrlt&mwkdif;rSm ykHpHwl½Iyg/ tm;vkH;aygif;aomf oabmw&m; (11)rsKd; jzpfygw,f/ ajcqkH;acgif;qkH; jrifatmif


xyfumxyfum ½Iyg/

,kdpD;rIoabmzGJUpnf;rIoabmw&m;ukd ajcqkH;acgif;qkH; wpfukd,fvkH; tEHSYtjym;

awGU&Sdygu ,kdpD;wJhoabmukd quf½Iyg/ oGm;t&if; wpfae&mrSm okdY-r[kwf vQmrSm oGm;&nfrsm; wHawG;rsm; ,kdpD;aewmukd awGUEkdifygw,f/'Dvkd ,kdpD;rIxif&Sm;wJh wpfae&mupNyD;awmh ,kdpD;rIoabmukd wpfukd,fvkH;rSm jrifatmif½Iyg/ txl;ojzifh (32)aum|mowkdYwGif yg0ifwJh aoG;aum|moawG[m wpfukd,fvkH; tESHYtjym; txufatmuf pD;qif;aeMuygw,f/

rxif&Sm;ygu &&SdNyD;wJh oabmw&m; (11)rsKd;ukd xyfumxyfum½Iaeyg/ wpfzef at;rIoabmESifh ,kdpD;rIoabm odkYr[kwf ylrIoabmESifh,kdpD;rIoabmukd wGJNyD; ½IMunfhyg/ ,kdpD;rIukd awGUwwfygw,f/ rawGUvQifwGef;uefrIoabmESifh ,kdpD;rIoabmukd wGJ½IMunfhyg? awGUwwfygw,f/rawGUygu xif&Sm;wJh vG,fulwJh "mwfwpfckckESifh wGJom½IMunfhyg/ ,kdpD;rIoabmukd awGUwwfygw,f/

atmifjrifrI&&Sdygu ajcqkH;acgif;qkH; wpfukd,fvkH;ü ,kdpD;rIoabmukdjrifatmif½Iyg/ £&d,mykxfwkdif; ukd,ftrlt&mwkdif;rSm ykHpHwl½Iyg/

tm;vHk;aygif;aomf wGef;-rm-Murf;-av;-axmuf-aysmh-acsm-aygh-yl-at;-zGJUpnf;-,dkpD; qdkwJh oabmw&m; (12)rsKd; pHkoGm;NyDjzpfw,f/'Doabmw&m; (12)rsKd;udk ajcqHk;acgif;qHk; wpfudk,fvHk;ü Budrfzefrsm;pGmxyfumxyfum ½Iyg/ oabmw&m; (12)rsKd;udk oGufoGufvufvufwpfckNyD; wpfck ajcqHk;acgif;qHk; ½IEdkifvQif oabmw&m; (12)rsKd;vHk;jynfhoGm;ygu wpfacguf&NyD[k owfrSwfyg/ wpfrdepftwGif;rSm oabmw&m; (12)ckvHk;udk okH;acgufavmuf &&Sdatmif BudK;pm;yg/

atmifjrifrIvnf; &&dSNyD; £&d,mykxf (4)yg;vHk;rSma&m auG;jcif;


qefYjcif; pwJh udk,ftrlt&mwdkif;rSma&m 'Doabmw&m; (12)rsKd;vHk;udkoGufoGufvufvuf ajcqHk;acgif;qHk; jrifatmif ½IEdkifNyDqdkvQif bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJh yx0D"mwf tmayg"mwf awaZm"mwf0ga,m"mwfqdkwJh a'oempOftwdkif; ajymif;½Iyg/

a'oemawmfpOftwdkif;½Iyg

1/ rm-Murf;-av;-aysmh-acsm-aygh (yx0D"mwf)

2/ ,dkpD;-zJGUpnf; (tmayg"mwf)

3/ yl-at; (awaZm"mwf)

4/ axmufuef-wGef;uef (0ga,m"mwf) --

þa'oemawmfpOftwdkif; ajymif;½Iyg/ tJ'Dvdk ½IwJhtydkif;rSm "mwfoabmw&m;wdkif;udk ajcqHk;acgif;qHk; jrifatmif ½IzdkYvdkygw,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ --

wH wH tEÅ&mEkom&dem ÓP[aw¬e 0dedAÇ KZdwGm 0dedAÇ KZdwGm/ y /(0dok'd-1-347/)

ponfjzifh 0dok'¨dr*¾t|uxmu ñTefMum;xm;wJhtwGuf xdkxdktom;Mum; ta&Mum; t½dk;Mum; taMumMum;odkY ÓPfwnf;[laomvufudk oGif;í yx0D-tmayg-awaZm-0ga,mqdkwJh "mwfBuD;av;yg;udk ÓPfjzifh wpfvHk;pD wpfvHk;pD cJGjcm;pdwfjzmí ½I&rSmjzpfw,f/ tom;-taMum-t½kd;-ta& qdkwmuvnf; wpfudk,fvHk;rSm &dSavawmh wpfudk,fvHk;rSm jrifatmif ½I&rSmjzpfw,f/

,o®m t,H "mwkreoduma&m ,m0a'0 owåonmork*¢g#e-aw¬m/ (r[m#D-1-446/)

'Dvdk r[m#Dumq&mawmfu zGifhqdkxm;wJhtwGuf "mwkreodum&(= "mwfur®|mef;)&JU OD;wnfcsufu owåonmudk y,fcGmzdkY jzpfygw,f/


"mwfoabmw&m; (12)rsKd;udk tom;Mum; taMumMum; t½dk;Mum;ta&Mum;odkY ÓPfwnf;[laom vufudk oGif;í pdkuf½IvdkufwJhtcgtom;-taMum-t½dk;-ta& qdkwm r&dS? &dSwmu "mwfBuD; (4)yg; =oabmw&m; (12)rsKd;om &Sdw,fvdkY 'Dvdkodatmif a&S;OD;pGm ½I&rSmjzpfw,f/

,ckvdk rm-Murf;-av;-aysmh-acsm-aygh-,dkpD;-zJGUpnf;-yl-at;-axmuf-wGef;qdkwJh oabmw&m; (12)ckudk wpfckNyD; wpfck ajcqHk;acgif;qHk; ½IvdkufvdkY oGufoGufvufvuf ½IEdkifNyD? oabmw&m; (12)ckudkNydKifwlavmufeD;eD; jrifNyD? "mwfoabmw&m;wpfckudk ½IvdkufvQif "mwfoabmw&m; (4-5-6)ckavmuf NydKifwlvkdvkd jrifNyDqdkvQif tJ'DtcgrSm

ouvrÜd twåaem ½lyum,H tm0aZÆwGm - (0dok'd-1-346/)

ponfjzifh 0dok'¨dr*¾t|uxmu ñTefMum;xm;awmfrlwJhtwdkif;rdrd&JU ½lyum,wpfckvHk;udk jcHKikHí rm-Murf;-av;-aysmh-acsm-ayghç ,dkpD;-zJGUpnf;ç yl-at;ç axmuf-wGef;qdkwJh 'Doabmw&m; (12)ckudk qufvuf½Iaeyg/ tJ'Dvdk wpfudk,fvHk;udk jcHK½IwJhtydkif;rSm rdrdxdkifaewJh yHkudk tay:u pD;NyD; Munfhovdk jcHKikHí tm½kHjyKum "mwfudkom ½Iaeyg? OD;acgif;udkMunfhvdkuf ajcaxmufudkMunfhvdkuf ponfjzifh ae&majymif;a&TUNyD;r½IygESifh? "mwfudkom tm½Hk,lNyD; jcHKiHkíom ½Iaeyg/ "mwfoabmw&m;(12)rsKd;udk NydKifwlvdkvdk awGUjrifwJhtcg --

1/ rm-Murf;-av;-aysmh-acsm-ayghudk MunfhNyD; yx0D"mwfç

2/ ,dkpD;-zJGUpnf;udk MunfhNyD; tmayg"mwfç

3/ yl-at;udk MunfhNyD; awaZm"mwfç

4/ axmuf-wGef;udk MunfhNyD; 0ga,m"mwf --

'Dvdk (4)csuf ajymif;½Iyg/ "mwfBuD; (4)yg;tm½Hkü bm0empdwfudk


Nidrf0yfpGm uyfxm;yg/ orm"dudk qufvufxlaxmifyg/ 'Dvdk orm"dudkqufvufxlaxmifaewJh tydkif;rSm 0dok'dr*¾r[m#Dumq&mawmfureodum&aumov’w&m; (10)yg;udk ñTefMum;xm;ygw,f/

reodum&aumov’ (10) yg;

{0H reod ua&maEÅe [d tEkykAÁawmç emwdoDCawmç emwd-oPduawmç 0dau©yy#dAm[eawmç yPÖwådorwduúreawmçtEky|merkÍöeawmç vu©Pawmç wa,m p okwåEÅmwd £ar[d'o[muma&[d reodum&aumov’H tEk|mwAÁH/ (r[m#D-1-434/)

1/ tEkykAÁawm =tEkykAÁawm =tEkykAÁawm =tEkykAÁawm =tEkykAÁawm = tpOftwdkif; ½Iyg/

"mwfBuD; (4)yg;udk ESvHk;oGif; ½IyGm;wJhtcg bk&m;a[m a'oempOftwdkif; q&morm;xHrS oif,ltyfcJhwJh a'oempOftwdkif; ]]yx0D"mwfçtmayg"mwfç awaZm"mwfç 0ga,m"mwf}}[k "mwfoabmw&m;rsm;ukdtm½Hk,lum tpOftwdkif;om ½Iyg/ ]]tmayg"mwfç 0ga,m"mwfç yx0D"mwfç awaZm"mwf}} 'DvdkpwJh tpOfr[kwfwJh enf;pepfawGESifh [dkausmf'DausmfNyD; tpOfrus r½IygESifh/ bk&m;a[m a'oemawmfpOftwdkif;om]]yx0D"mwfç tmayg"mwfç awaZm"mwfç 0ga,m"mwf}}[k ½Iyg/

2/ emwdoDCawm =emwdoDCawm =emwdoDCawm =emwdoDCawm =emwdoDCawm = rjrefvGef;ap&/

"mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JU oabmw&m;awGudk tm½Hk,lNyD; ckvdk orm"dukdxlaxmifaewJhtydkif;rSm "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkYudk a'oemawmfpOftwdkif;ESvHk;oGif;aewJhae&mrSmvnf; "mwfwpfyg;NyD; aemuf"mwfwpfyg;udkodyfjrefjrefBuD;vnf; ESvHk;roGif;ygESifh/ odyfjrefvGef;u "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JU oabmw&m;awG[m a,m*D&JUÓPfxJrSm rxifr&Sm; jzpfvmwwfygw,f/


3/ emwdoPduawm =emwdoPduawm =emwdoPduawm =emwdoPduawm =emwdoPduawm = raES;vGef;ap&/

odyfjrefjrefBuD; ESvHk;roGif;oifhovdk odyfNyD;aES;aES;vnf; ESvHk;roGif;ygESifh/ tvGefaES;aES;auG;auG; ESvHk;oGif;aeygu orm"drSm rwdk;wufbJ&Sdwwfw,f/ Oypm&orm"dodkY rqdkufEdkif&Sdwwfw,f/

4/ 0dau©yy#dAm[eawm =0dau©yy#dAm[eawm =0dau©yy#dAm[eawm =0dau©yy#dAm[eawm =0dau©yy#dAm[eawm = "mwfBuD; (4) yg;rS jyifytm½Hkudk r½I&/

0dau©yy#dAm[eawmwd ur®|meH 0dóaZÆwGm A[d'¨g ykxkwåm-&r®aP apwaom 0dau©ayg y#dAm[dwaAÁm/ A[d'¨g 0dau©ay [dowd ur®|mem y&d[m,wd y&d"Howd/ {uy'dur*¾*grD yk&daomapw¬ ed'aówaAÁm/ (r[m#D-1-434/)

"mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JU obm0vu©Pm (= y&rw¬"r®obm0owåd)qdkwJhtm½kHudk ESvHk;oGif;rI ur®|mef;vkyfief;udk pGefYvTwfí "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JU oabmw&m; (12)rsKd;wdkYrS wjcm;jzpfwJh ynwfy&rwf tm½kHtrsKd;rsKd;ü bm0empdwfudk ypfvTifhrIudk wm;jrpfay;&r,f/ "mwfBuD; (4)yg;= oabmw&m; (12)rsKd;wdkY&JU jyifytm½kH trsKd;rsKd;udk vdkufr½I&/ "mwfur®|mef;jzifh orm"dxlaxmifcdkuf "mwf (4)yg;udkom ½Iaeyg/

tolwpf&meufaom acsmufurf;yg;udk jzwfausmfzkdY&ef ajcwpfz0g;pmrQom&SdwJh wHwm;vrf;wpfckudk cif;xm;&m 'Dvrf;udk avQmufoGm;wJha,mufsm;[m eif;oGm;wJhajc&mudk aumif;pGm rrSwfom;bJ [dk[dk'D'Dxdkþawmifajrmuf Munfh½Ium avQmufoGm;aer,fqdkvQif ajcvSrf;[mcRwfacsmfwdrf;yg; oGm;Edkifw,f? ajcacsmfusoGm;Edkifw,f/ tJ'DtcgrSmtolwpf&meufwJh acsmufurf;yg;xJodkY usa&mufoGm;Edkifw,f/ tvm;wlyJ a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu "mwfBuD; (4)yg;jzifh orm"dudk xlaxmifaecdkufrSmorm"d'D*&D pHcsdefrrDcifrSm "mwfBuD; (4)yg;uvGJvQif wjcm;ynwfy&rwfbmrqdk b,ftm½HkudkrS r½IygESifh? ½IaecJhvQif "mwfur®|mef; rrnfawmhbJ orm"dvnf; avQmusysufpD;oGm;Edkifw,f/


5/ yPÖwådorwduúreawm =yPÖwådorwduúreawm =yPÖwådorwduúreawm =yPÖwådorwduúreawm =yPÖwådorwduúreawm = ynwfudkausmfatmif usifhyg/

yx0D-tmayg-awaZm-0ga,mqdkwJh "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JU trnfemr ynwfay:rSmom aomifwifraebJ "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JU ]]rm-Murf;-av;-aysmh-acsm-ayghç ,dkpD;-zJGUpnf;ç yl-at;ç axmuf-wGef;}}qdkwJhoabmw&m;wdkYtay:ü bm0empdwfudk ydkYaqmifay;yg/ yx0D"mwf&JUoabmw&m;rsm;udk ÓPfESifhrjrifbJ yx0D"mwf[k ½IaevQif yx0DqdkwJhtrnfemrynwftay:rSm aomifwifaeonfrnfygw,f? qdk-ur®|mef;jzpfaeygvdrfhr,f/ þodkYponfjzifh oabmaygufyg/

6/ tEky|merkÍöeawm =tEky|merkÍöeawm =tEky|merkÍöeawm =tEky|merkÍöeawm =tEky|merkÍöeawm = rxif&Sm;aom oabmw&m;tcsKdUudkvTwfxm;Edkifonf/

yx0D"mwfrSm oabmw&m; (6)rsKd; &Sd&m tenf;qHk; rmrIoabmçtmayg"mwfrSm oabmw&m; (2)rsKd; &Sd&m ,dkpD;rIoabm odkYr[kwfzJGUpnf;rIoabmç awaZm"mwfrSm oabmw&m; (2)rsKd;&Sd&m ylrIoabmç0ga,m"mwfrSm oabmw&m; (2)rsKd;&Sd&m axmufuefrIoabm - 'Doabmw&m; (4)rsKd;avmufudkawmh tenf;qHk; xif&Sm;atmif ½Iyg/

"mwfwpfrsKd;wpfrsKd;rSm tenf;qHk; oabmw&m;wpfckpDawmh xif&Sm;&rSm jzpfygw,f/ odkYaomf oabmw&m; (12)rsKd;vHk; xif&Sm;vQifawmhydkaumif;ygw,f/ "mwfrnDrrQjzpfvdkY orm"dxlaxmif&mü tcuftcJ&Sdaeygu --

1/ rm - aysmh2/ Murf; - acsm3/ av; - aygh4/ ,dkpD; - zJGUpnf;5/ yl - at;6/ axmuf - wGef;


qdkwJh 'DtpHk (6)pHk[m "mwfwpfck vGefuJvQif qefYusifbuf"mwfwpfckESifh ajymif;xdef;ay;&eftwGuf vdktyfwJhobm0w&m;awG jzpfMuygw,f/ Oyrm - rmvQif aysmhwJhoabmESifhç aysmhvQifvnf; rmwJhoabmESifh ajymif;xdef;ay;&ygw,f/ qdkvdkwmu "mwfur®|mef;jzifhorm"dxlaxmifwJhtcdkufrSm rmwJhoabmu odyfjyif;xefvmvdkY rcHEdkifjzpfvmNyDqdkvQif aysmhwJhoabmudkom wpfzufowf OD;pm;ay;½IaeygurmwJhoabm[m avsmhoGm;wwfygw,f/ 'gaMumifh 'DtpHk (6)pHkvHk;çoabmw&m; (12)rsKd;vHk; xif&Sm;ygu ydkaumif;w,fvdkY ajymwmyg/usefwJhtpkHawGudkvnf; enf;wloabmaygufyg/

7/ vu©Pawm =vu©Pawm =vu©Pawm =vu©Pawm =vu©Pawm = obm0vu©Pmudkom OD;pm;ay;½Iyg/

ckvkd oabmw&m; (12)rsKd;udk (4)tkyfpkzJGUum ]]yx0D"mwf-tmayg"mwf-awaZm"mwf-0ga,m"mwf}}vdkY 'Dvdk orm"dudk xlaxmifwJhtydkif;rSm orm"du vdkovdk wdk;wufrvmbl;? euf½Idif;rvmbl;qdkvQif --

yx0D"mwfrSm - rmwJhoabmtmayg"mwfrSm - ,dkpD;wJhoabmawaZm"mwfrSm - ylwJhoabm0ga,m"mwfrSm - axmufuefwJhoabm --

qdkwJh obm0vu©PmrQudkom OD;pm;ay;NyD; orm"dudk qufvufxlaxmifyg/

'Dvdk orm"dudk xlaxmif&mrSm wpfem&D ESpfem&D ponfjzifh "mwfBuD;(4)yg;wdkY&JU obm0vu©Pmtm½kHü bm0empdwfu Nidrf0yfpGmuyfNyD;rwnfaebl;qdkvQif Oypm&orm"dqdkwJh bm0emvrf;aMumif;ay:odkYroufa&mufEdkif jzpfaevQif --

8/ t"dpdwåokwåef

9/ tEkwå&oDwdbm0okwåef


10/ aAmZÑ*Fokwåef --

'Dokwåef (3)rsKd;wdkYrSmvm&dSwJh enf;pepftwdkif; o'¨gESifhynm nDrQatmifç 0D&d,ESifhorm"d nDrQatmif BudK;pm;yg/

£aÈíg;yg;

o'¨g 0D&d, owd orm"d ynm - qdkwJh £aÈ´ ig;yg; &Sdygw,f/a,m*D&JU pdwf"mwfudk xdef;csKyfay;wJh w&m;ig;rsKd; jzpfw,f/ bm0emvrf;aMumif;ay:uae ab;odkY wdrf;apmif; usa&muf roGm;atmifa,m*D&JUpdwfudk xdef;uGyfay;wJh w&m;ig;rsKd;wdkY jzpfMuygw,f/

1/ o'gqdkwmuawmh &wemoHk;wef uH-uH\tusKd;w&m; ponfwdkYtay:rSm ,HkMunfrI jzpfygw,f/ txl;ojzifh 'Dae&mrSm bk&m;&Sifa[mMum;awmfrlwJh w&m;&wemxJrSm t0iftygjzpfwJh "mwfur®|mef;udk ,HkMunfrI &SdzdkYawmh txl;vdktyfygw,f/ 'D"mwfur®|mef;onf½kyfuvmyfwpfckwpfcktwGif;rSm wnf&SdwJh y&rwftppfjzpfwJh "mwfBuD;(4)yg;udk odonfhwdkifatmif ydkYaqmifay;EkdifwJh ur®|mef;jzpfw,fqdkwmudkawmh av;av;eufeuf ,HkMunfwJh o'¨gw&m;&SdzdkY vdktyfygw,f/

2/ ynmqdkwmuawmh 'Dtydkif;rSm "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JU obm0vu©Pmudk xdk;xGif;odrIoabm jzpfygw,f/ a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu 'Do'gESifhynm w&m;ESpfyg;udk nDrQatmif jyKusifhzdkY vdkygw,f/ ynmu vGefuJNyD; o'¨gu EHkYaevQif a0zefa&;orm;oufouf jzpfaewwfygw,f/om0uawG[m 'D½kyfuvmyfawGudk b,fvdkvkyf ½IvdkY&EdkifrvJ¿ ½kyfuvmyfwpfckwpfcktwGif;rSm&SdwJh 'D"mwfBuD; (4)yg;udk om0uawG[mb,fvdkvkyf ½IvdkY&EdkifyghrvJ¿ ponfjzifh r,HkMunfrIawGu rsm;aevQifo'¨gu EHkYaewJhtwGuf ynmbufuvnf; tom;rwufEdkif jzpfwwfygw,f/ 'gaMumifh "mwfur®|mef;vrf;pOftay:rSm ,HkMunfrIo'gw&m;


&SdzdkYvnf; vdktyfygw,f/ "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JU obm0vu©Pmudkxdk;xdk;xGif;xGif; &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif; odwwfzdkYvnf; vdktyfygw,f/

wpfzef o'¨gu vGefNyD; ynmu EHkYaejyefvQifvnf; tcsnf;tESD;t"dyÜg,fuif;rJhaewJh t&m0w¬KawGrSmaomfvnf; rpl;prf;rqifjcifbJt&rf;,Hkaewwfygw,f/ 'Dvdk trSm;rSm; t,Gif;,Gif; ,HkMunfaewJhyk*¾dKvf&JUoEÅmefrSm trSm;trSef a0zefqHk;jzwfwwfwJh ynm jzpfzdkYqdkwmvnf; cufcJwJhoabm &Sdygw,f/

3/ 0D&d,qdkwmuawmh 'Dae&mrSm "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JU obm0vu©Pmudk xdk;xGif;odatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfrIç "mwfBuD;av;yg;wdkY&JUobm0vu©Pmtm½kHrSm bm0empdwfudk Nidrf0yfpGm uyfNyD; wnfaeatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfrI jzpfygw,f/ 'gayrJh 'D0D&d,u odyfvGefuJoGm;jyefvQifvnf; "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JU obm0vu©PmqdkwJh ur®|mef;tm½kHrS bm0empdwf[m ysHUvGifhxGufoGm;wwfygw,f/

4/ orm"dqdkwmuawmh 'Dae&mrSm "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JU obm0vu©Pm qdkwJh ur®|mef;tm½kHü bm0empdwfu Nidrf0yfpGm uyfNyD; wnfaerIudk qdkvdkygw,f/ 'Dorm"du vGefuJNyD; 0D&d,u avsmhaejyefvQifvnf; ysif;&djcif;bufodkY pdwfu ,dkifvJoGm;wwfygw,f/

'gaMumifh ]ravsmhrwif; apmif;BudK;n§if;odkY} 0D&d,ESifh orm"dudkvnf; nDrQatmif usifh&ygw,f/ 0D&d,ESifh csD;yifhxm;ygrS orm"duvnf;tpGrf;xufvmrSm jzpfygw,f/

5/ owduawmh 'Dae&mrSm "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JU obm0vu©PmqdkwJh ur®|mef;tm½kHudk trSwf&wJhoabmç odrf;qnf;wwfwJhoabmudkqdkvdkygw,f/ o'¨gESifhynm nDrQatmifvnf; 'DowduyJ xdef;ay;&ygw,f/ 0D&d,ESifhorm"d nDrQatmifvnf; 'DowduyJ xdef;ay;&ygw,f/


aAmZÑ*F (7) yg;

aAmZÑif (7)yg; taMumif;udkvnf; enf;enf;ajymMu&atmif .../aAmZÑif (= aAmZÑ*F)qdkwmuawmh aAm"dac:wJh t&d,r*fÓPf&JU t*Fgtpdwftydkif;awGudk aAmZÑ*F (= aAmZÑif)vdkY ac:qdkygw,f/ 'guawmhavmukwå&mjzpfwJh aAmZÑifudk &Sif;xm;wJh &Sif;vif;csufyg/ 'Dae&mrSmawmh "mwfBuD;av;yg;wdkY&JU obm0vu©Pmudk xdk;xGif;odwwfwJhÓPfudk aAm"dvdkY ac:ygw,f/ xdkaAm"d&JU t*Fgtpdwftydkif; (7)yg;udkaAmZÑif (7)yg;vdkY ac:ygw,f? avmuDaAmZÑifrsm; jzpfMuygw,f/ 'DaAmZÑif (7)yg; qdkwmuawmh - owd-"r®0dp,-0D&d,-yDwd-yó'd-orm"d-Oayu©mqdkwJh (7)yg;yJ jzpfMuygw,f/

1/ owdoarÁmZÑif qdkwmuawmh 'Dae&mrSm "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JUobm0vu©Pmudk atmufarhjcif; trSwf&jcif;oabm odrf;qnf;wwfwJhoabm jzpfygw,f/

2/ "r®0dp,oarÁmZÑif qkdwmuawmh 'Dae&mrSm "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JUobm0vu©Pmudk xdk;xGif;odwJhoabm jzpfygw,f/

3/ 0D&d,oarÁmZÑif qdkwmu 'D"mwfBuD; (4)yg;wkdY&JU obm0vu©Pmudkxdk;xGif;odatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfjcif;oabm jzpfygw,f/

4/ yDwdoarÁmZÑif qdkwmuawmh 'D"mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JU obm0vu©Pmtm½kHudk ESpfoufjcif;oabm jzpfygw,f/

5/ yó'¨doarÁmZÑif qdkwmuawmh 'D"mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JU obm0vu©Pmtm½kHudk tm½kHjyKNyD; pdwf-apwodufwdkY&JU Nidrf;at;jcif;oabm jzpfw,f/

6/ orm"doarÁmZÑif qdkwmuawmh 'D"mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JU obm0vu©Pmtm½kHrSm bm0empdwfu Nidrf0yfpGm uyfNyD; wnfaewJh


oabm jzpfw,f/

7/ Oayu©moarÁmZÑif qdkwmuawmh 'D"mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JU obm0vu©Pmtm½kHrSm aMumifhMurI awmifhwrI ponfr&SdbJ bm0empdwfudk tnDtrQ aumif;pGmxm;EdkifwJhoabm jzpfw,f/

'DaAmZÑif (7)yg;rSm --"r®0dp,oarÁmZÑif 0D&d,oarÁmZÑif yDwdoarÁmZÑifqdkwJh aAmZÑif(3)yg;u wpftkyfpk?yó'doarÁmZÑif orm"doarÁmZÑif Oayu©moarÁmZÑifqdkwJh aAmZÑif(3)yg;u wpftkyfpk --'Dvdk tkyfpk (2)ck &Sdaeygw,f/ owdoarÁmZÑifuawmh ESpfbuf&

jzpfygw,f/

"r®0dp,-0D&d,-yDwd qdkwJh aAmZÑif (3)yg;u vGefuJvmwJhtcgyó'¨d-orm"d-Oayu©m qdkwJh aAmZÑif (3)yg;udk yGm;ay;&w,f/ qdkvdkwmuawmh 'D"mwfBuD; (4)yg;wkdY&JU obm0vu©Pmudk tm½kH,lNyD;orm"dudk xlaxmifaewJhtcg "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JU obm0vu©PmawGu tvGefYtvGef xif&Sm;NyD; bm0empdwfu 'D"mwf (4)yg;tm½HkrSmNidrf0yfpGm uyfNyD;rwnfbl;qdkvQif yó'd-orm"d-Oayu©mqdkwJh aAmZÑif(3)yg;udk yGm;ay;yg/ "mwfBuD; (4)yg;tm½kHrSm bm0empdwfudk Nidrf0yfpGmuyfNyD;wnfaeatmifom BudK;pm;yg/

wpfzef yó'd-orm"d-Oayu©mqdkwJh aAmZÑif (3)yg;u vGefuJvmwJhtwGuf "mwfBuD; (4)yg;tm½kHrSm Nidrf0yfpGm uyfNyD;wnfaewJh orm"dutm;aumif;vGef;vmwJhtcg "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JU obm0vu©PmawG[m a,m*D&JUÓPfrSm rxifr&Sm; jzpfvmwwfjyefw,f/ 'DtcgrSma,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JU obm0vu©Pmtm½kHudk xdk;xdk;xGif;xGif; &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif;BuD; odatmif "r®0dp,-0D&d,-yDwd qdkwJh


aAmZÑifw&m; (3)yg;udk yGm;ay;&ygw,f/

[rSwfcsuf/ / tus,fudk - t"dpdwåokwåef (tH-1-258-260/) çtEkwå&oDwdbm0okwåef (tH-2-379/) ç aAmZÑ*Fokwåef = t*¾dokwåef(oH-3-98-100/) wdkYü Munfhyg/]

'Dvdk "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JU obm0vu©Pmudk tm½Hk,lum orm"dukdxlaxmif&mü £a`Eig;yg; aAmZÑif (7)yg;wdkYudk nDrQatmif usifhEdkifcJhaomf"mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JU obm0vu©Pmtm½kHrSm bm0empdwfu wpfem&DESpfem&D ponfjzifh xdkifwdkif; Nidrf0yfpGm uyfNyD;wnfaecJhaomf xdkorm"dudkyif qufvufxlaxmifyg/

,H udÍöd ur®|meH owó orÜZmeaó0 orÜZÆwd/ (0dok'd-1-276/)

rnfonfhur®|mef;rqdk owd-orÜZOfÓPfESifh jynfhpHkygrSomvQiftxGwftxdyfodkY a&mufEdkifygw,f? atmifjrifEdkifygw,f/ 'gaMumifh£&d,mykxf (4)yg;vHk;rSm yHkpHwlyJ ½IEdkifatmif BudK;pm;yg/ xdkxdkudk,ftrlt&m[lorQrSm "mwf (4)yg;udkyif pl;pl;pdkufpdkuf ½Iaeyg/

'Dvdk BudK;pm;tm;xkwfvdkufwJhtwGuf "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JU obm0vu©Pmtm½kHrSm bm0empdwfu wpfem&D ESpfem&Davmuf xdkifwdkif;xdkifwdkif; (3)&ufavmuf qufwdkufNidrfaer,fqdkvQif rsm;aomtm;jzifhcEmudk,fudk rawGUawmhbJ "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JU tpktykHtm;jzifh a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu awGUvmygvdrfhr,f/

orm"dudk qufvufNyD; ykHpHwl xlaxmifvdkufvQif cEmudk,fudk rawGUawmhbJ "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JU tjzLa&miftwkH;tcJ tpktyHkBuD;udkawGUwwfygw,f/ tJ'D tjzLtwHk;tcJ tpktyHkrSm wnf&dSwJh "mwfBuD;(4)yg;udk qufvufodrf;qnf;NyD; tJ'D"mwf (4)yg;tm½HkrSmyJ orm"dudkqufvufxlaxmifEdkifcJhvQif a&cJwkH; zefwHk; rSefwHk;vdk MunfaewJh twHk;


tcJBuD;udk awGUEdkifygw,f/ tJ'D tMunftwHk;tcJBuD;rSm wnf&dSwJh"mwfBuD; (4)yg;udk odrf;qnf;NyD; orm"dudk qufvufxlaxmifyg/

tMunftwHk;tcJqdkwm bmvJ¿

'Dae&mrSm a,m*Dyk*¾dKvf&JUorm"du tom;wufvmwJhtcg a&cJwHk; zefwHk; rSefwHk;vdkMunfaewJh tMunftwHk;tcJudk awGUEdkifw,fqdkvQiftJ'Da&cJwHk; zefwHk; rSefwHk;vdkMunfaewJh tMunftwHk;tcJqdkwm bmvJvdkY ar;p&m&Sdw,f/ 0dok'dr*¾t|uxmu ajz&Sif;jyxm;ygw,f/ --

pu©m'dyÍö0d"H ½lyg'DeH *[Pypö,bma0e tm'gowvH 0d,0dyÜoEéwåm yom'½lyH? (0dok'd-2-81/)

pu©Kyom' aomwyom' Cmeyom' Zd0Sgyom' um,yom'qdkwJh yom'½kyf (= tMunf½kyf)ig;rsKd;wdkY[m ½lyg½Hk o'g½kH *Em½kH &om½kHazm|AÁm½kHqdkwJh qdkif&mqdkif&mtm½kHudk todpdwf (= 0dnmPf)u tm½kH,lEdkifzdkY&ef rSD&m0w¬K taMumif;w&m;tjzpfjzifh aus;Zl;jyKay;aeNyD; aMu;rkH(= rSef)tjyifuJhodkY txl;MunfvifaomaMumifh 'Dpu©KpwJh ½kyfig;rsKd;[myom'½kyfrnfw,fvdkY 'Dvdk&Sif;jyxm;w,f/

wpfzef 'DtMunf½kyfawG[m b,foabmw&m;wdkY&JU MunfvifrIvJ¿ 'Dvdkvnf; ar;p&m&dSw,f/

½lygbdCmwm&[blwyÜom'vu©PH/ y / pu©K? (0dok'd-2-74/)

ponfjzifh t|uxmrsm;u zGifhqdk&Sif;vif;xm;wJhtwdkif; ½lyg½kHpwJhqdkif&mtm½kHawGu pu©KtMunfpwJh qdkif&mtMunf"mwfawGudk a&S;½SL½dkufcwfwJhtcg tJ'D½lyg½kHpwJh qdkif&mtm½kHwdkY&JU ½kdufcwfjcif;iSm xdkufwefwJh "mwfBuD;av;yg; (= blw½kyf)wdkYudk Munfvifapjcif; oabmw&m;rsm; jzpfMuygw,f/ qdkvdkwmuawmh ...


1/ ½lyg½kHa&S;½SL½dkufcwfjcif;iSmxkdufwJh blw½kyf (= "mwfBuD; av;yg;)wdkY&JUMunfvifaewJhoabmu pu©Kyom'ç

2/ o'g½kHa&S;½SL½dkufcwfjcif;iSmxdkufwJh blw½kyf (= "mwfBuD;av;yg;)wdkY&JUMunfvifaewJhoabmu aomwyom'ç

3/ *E¨m½kHa&S;½SL½dkufcwfjcif;iSmxdkufwJh blw½kyf (= "mwfBuD; av;yg;)wdkY&JU MunfvifaewJhoabmu Cmeyom'ç

4/ &om½kHa&S;½SL½dkufcwfjcif;iSmxdkufwJh blw½kyf (= "mwfBuD; av;yg;)wdkY&JU MunfvifaewJhoabmu Zd0Sgyom'ç

5/ azm|AÁm½kH (= yx0D-awaZm-0ga,m qdkwJh "mwfokH;yg;)wdkY&JU a&S;½SL½kdufcwfjcif;iSmxdkufwJh blw½kyf (= "mwfBuD; av;yg;)wdkY&JU MunfvifaewJhoabmu um,yom' --

tm;vHk;aygif;vdkufawmh yom'½kyf (= tMunf½kyf) ig;rsKd;&dSygw,f/'D&Sif;vif;csuft& yom'½kyf (= tMunf½kyf)qdkwm "mwfBuD;av;yg;wkdYudk rSDjzpfaewJh "mwfBuD;av;yg;wdkY&JU MunfaewJhoabmom jzpfygw,f/

'DtMunf"mwf ig;rsKd;xJrSm um,yom' (= um,tMunf"mwf)uawmh wpfudk,fvkH; tESHYtjym;&dSygw,f/ xdrIudkodEkdifwJh ae&mwdkif;rSmum,tMunf"mwf &Sdygw,f/ 'DtMunf"mwfawGudk Ceac:wJh ½kyfwkH;½kyfcJawGudk ÓPfESifhrNzdKcJGEdkifrD a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu twkH;vdkuftcJvdkufa&cJwHk; zefwHk; rSefwHk;vdk awGUaejcif; jzpfygw,f/

'gaMumifh a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu 'DtMunf"mwf twHk;tcJudk ÓPfESifhxdk;azmufNyD; rjrifEdkifao;rDrSm ÓPfutvGefBuD; rxufjruf rpl;&Sao;wJhtwGuf tjzLa&mif twHk;tcJudk awGUjcif;jzpfygw,f/ 'DtjzLa&mif twHk;tcJrSm wnf&SdwJh "mwfBuD; (4)yg;udk odrf;qnf;um 'D"mwf


(4)yg;udkyJ tm½kH,lNyD; orm"dukd qufvufxlaxmifEkdifcJhr,fqdkvQiform"du tom;wufvmwJhtcg euf½Idif;vmwJhtcg "mwfBuD; (4)yg;udkxkd;xdk;xGif;xGif; odaewJhÓPfvnf; wpfpwpfp xufjrufpl;&Svmygvdrhfr,f/ ÓPfu xufjrufpl;&SvmwJhtcgrSm a&cJwHk; zefwHk; rSefwHk;vdkMunfaewJh tMunftwHk;tcJ tpktyHkBuD;udk a,m*Dyk*¾dKvf&JU ÓPfuxGif;azmuf odjrifaeygvdrfhr,f/

'DtcgrSm a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu a&SUudk bmqufvkyf&rvJ¿ --

tJ'DtMunf"mwf twHk;tcJrSm&SdwJh "mwfBuD; (4)yg;udkyJ qufvufNyD; odrf;qnf;um 'D"mwf (4)yg;udkyJ tm½kH,lvsuf orm"dudk qufvufxlaxmif&ygw,f/ aemufxyf orm"du ydkydktm;aumif;vmwJhtcgÓPfuvnf; ydkíydkí xufjrufpl;&SvmwJhtcg tJ'D tMunftwHk;tcJxJrS tvif;a&mifawG[m wzsyfzsyf xGufay:aeygvdrfhr,f/ 'Dvif;a&mifjcnfawG[m em&D0ufausmfausmf wpfem&Dausmfausmfavmuftxdtqufrjywf wzsyfzsyf xGufay:aer,fqdkvQif a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu BudKuf&mvrf;cGJudk a&G;cs,fEdkifygw,f/

'Dtydkif;rSm - r[m&m[kavm0g'okwåef (r-2-86/) - ponfwdkYrSmbk&m;&Sifu tmumo"mwfukd jrifatmif½I&ef ñTefMum;xm;ygw,f/'DñTefMum;csuft& 'DtMunfjyif tMunftwHk;tcJrSm vif;a&mifjcnf&JUtultnDESifh tmumo"mwfudkjrifatmif pdkuf½Ivdkufygu tmumo"mwfudkawGUwmESifh wpfNydKifeufwnf; ½kyfuvmyfawGudkvnf; pwifNyD;awGU&SdEdkifygw,f/ ½kyfy&rwfudk quf½IEdkifygw,f/

tu,fí a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu tmumo"mwfudk r½Icif ½kyfy&rwfw&m;awGudk rodrf;qnf;rDrSm orxur®|mef;awGudk tm;xkwfcsifao;w,fqdkvQif tvif;a&mifawG tm;aumif;vmwJhtcg 'Dtvif;a&mifawG&JU tultnDudk ,lum cE¨mtdrftwGif;rSm (32)aum|moawGudk


jrifatmif½Ir,fqdkvQifvnf; ½IvdkY&Ekdifygw,f/ tJ'D (32)aum|moawGudk ½IwJhvrf;udk rajymrD 'Dae&mrSm .. tvif;a&miftaMumif;udkcyfwdkwdk ajymMu&atmif .../

ÓPfa&mifqdkwm bmvJ ¿bk&m;&Sifonf ..t*FkwdåK&fygVdawmf Mobmookwåef (tH-1-457/) -

pwJhokwåefawGrSm --

1/ v-tvif;a&mifç2/ ae-tvif;a&mifç3/ rD;-tvif;a&mifç4/ ynm-tvif;a&mif --

qdkwJh tvif;a&mif (4)rsKd;udk a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/ ynma&mifudkvnf; tomqHk; tjrwfqHk; jzpfaMumif; a[mMum;xm;awmfrlcJhygw,f/ 'Dae&mrSm t*Fkwå&|uxm (tH-|-3-174/) ç t*Fkwå&#Dum(tH-#D-3-177-178/) - pwJhusrf;*efwdkYu --

1/ xderd'¨0daem'etmavmuç2/ uodPmavmuç3/ y&dur®mavmuç4/ Oyuúdavomavmu (= 0dyóaembmo) --

qdkwJh ÓPfta&miftvif; av;rsKd;&SdaMumif;udk zGifhqdkxm;Muygw,f/

1/ xderd'0daem'etmavmu (= xderd'udk y,fazsmufaMumif;jzpfwJh ta&miftvif;) - qdkwmuawmh ypvm,rmeokwåef (tH-2-463/)

rSm bk&m;&Sifu t&Sifr[marm*¾v’mef rax&fjrwftm; ta&miftvif;ESifhwuGjzpfaompdwfudk yGm;rsm;vdkufvQif oifhoEÅmefrSm jzpfay:aewJh


xderd'¨[m uif;aysmufoGm;ygvdrfhr,f ponfjzifh a[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJh ÓPftvif;a&mifwpfrsKd; jzpfygw,f/

oyÜbmoEÅd 'dAÁpu©KÓPw¬m, oa[mbmoH/ (tH-|-3-174/)

'Dvdk t|uxmu zGifhxm;wJhtwGuf 'dAÁpu©KtbdnmPftvdkYiSmyGm;rsm;xm;tyfwJh awaZmuodkPf;ç Mo'gwuodkPf;ç tmavmuuodkPf;qdkwJh uodkPf; (3)rsKd;wdkYwGif uodkPf;wpfrsKd;rsKd;udk tbdnmPf\tajccH pwkw¬psmefodkYwdkifatmif yGm;rsm;xm;vdkufwJhtcg jzpfay:vmwJh ta&miftvif;ESifh 'dAÁpu©KtbdnmPfÓPfaMumifh jzpfay:vmwJh ta&miftvif;udk qdkvdkygw,f/

2/ uodPmavmu - qdkwmuawmh uodkPf;psmefawGaMumifhjzpfay:vmwJh ta&miftvif;jzpfw,f/

3/ y&dur®mavmu - qdkwmuawmh tbdnmPf&JU tajccHjzpfwJhy&dur®ç psmef&JUtajccHjzpfwJh y&dur®qdkNyD; y&dur®ESpfrsKd;&Sd&m tJ'DESpfrsKd;vHk;aom y&dur® (= y&duH)aMumifh jzpfay:vmwJh ta&miftvif;jzpfw,f/ a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu orxedrdwfqdkwJh ur®|mef;tm½kHwpfckckudk tm½kH,lí orm"dudk xlaxmifr,fqdkvQif orm"du awmfawmfav;cdkifvmvdkY&ifhusufvmwJhtcg y&dur®orm"dtqifhodkY qdkufNyDqdkvQifvnf; 'Dy&dur®orm"daMumifhvnf; vif;a&mifjcnfrsm; xGufay:vmwwfygw,f/ Oypm&orm"d-tyÜemorm"dtqifhodkY rqdkufrD Oypm&orm"dESifhtvGefeD;uyfaewJh y&dur®orm"drsKd;udk qdkvdkygw,f/

tbdnmPf&JU tajccHjzpfwJh y&dur®qdkwmuawmh txl;ojzifh 'dAÁ-pu©KtbdnmPf&&Sda&;twGuf OD;wnfum yGm;rsm;xm;tyfwJh awaZmuodkPf; Mo'gwuodkPf; tmavmuuodkPf;qdkwJh uodkPf; (3)rsKd;xJu uodkPf;wpfckckudk tm½kH,lum tbdnmPf&JU tajcyg'u jzpf


avmufatmif pwkw¬psmefodkYqdkufatmif yGm;vdkufwJhtcg tJ'Dpwkw¬psmeform"daMumifhjzpfwJh tvif;a&mifudkvnf; y&dur®mavmu vdkYac:qkdygw,f/ tJ'Dpwkw¬psmefrS xNyD;wJhtcg uodkPf;0ef;udk tvdk&Sd&mt&yfodkYwdkifatmif vif;aeatmif jzefYMuufum orm"dudk wpfzef jyefxlaxmif&ygw,f/ 'DtBudrfrSmawmh Oypm&orm"dtqifhtxdomorm"dxlaxmif&ef 0dok'dr*¾t|uxmu ñTefMum;xm;ygw,f/ 'Dvdk'dAÁpu©KtbdnmPf&JU tajcyg'u jzpfavmufatmif xlaxmifxm;wJhtmavmuuodkPf;pwJh uodkPf;wpfckckvQif tm½kH&SdaewJh Oypm&orm"daMumifh jzpfay:vmwJh ta&miftvif;udkvnf; y&dur®mavmuvdkY ac:qkdygw,f/ (0dok'd-2-58/)

4/ Oyuúdavomavmu (= 0dyóaembmo) - qdkwm 0dyóemÓPfaMumifh jzpfay:vmwJh tvif;a&mifjzpfygw,f/

'gaMumifh t*kFwådK&fygVdawmf yxrwJG edrdwåokwåef odkYr[kwf t"dpdwåokwåef (tH-1-258/) vdkY ac:qdkwJh okwåefrSmawmh t"dpdwå trnf&wJhorxbm0empdwf 0dyóembm0empdwf tm;vHk;[m tvif;a&mifudkjzpfapEdkifaMumif;udk bk&m;&Sifu a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/

t|uxmuvnf; --

t"dpdwåH orx0dyóempdwåar0/

qdkNyD; zGifhqdkxm;ygw,f/

'gaMumifh - cyfwdkwdk ajym&vQifawmh t"dpdwå trnf&wJh vGefuJjrifhjrwfwJh orxbm0empdwf 0dyóembm0empdwfawG[m tvif;a&mifudk jzpfapEdkifw,fvdkY rSwfyg/ 'Dtvif;a&mifqdkwm bmvJvdkY xyfNyD;ar;vQifawmh 0dyóaembmo (= 0dyóemÓPfaMumifh jzpfay:vmwJhtvif;a&mif) udk pHxm;NyD;awmh 0dok'dr*¾r[m#Dumu 'Dvdk&Sif;jyxm;ygw,f/


0dyóaembmaomwd 0dyóempdwåork|dwHç ooEÅwdywdwHOwkork|meÍö bmok&H ½lyH/ (r[m#D-2-428/)

orxbm0empdwfudkvnf; yHkpHwlyJ oabmaygufyg/ qdkvdkwmuawmh ESvHk;tdrftwGif;rSmwnf&SdwJh [',0w¬K½kyfudk rSDjzpfaewJh pdwfwdkif;pdwfwdkif;[m pdwåZ½kyfuvmyfac:wJh ½kyfuvmyfawGudk jzpfapEdkifwJhpGrf;tm;&Sdygw,f/ 'DpdwfawGxJrSm orxbm0empdwf 0dyóembm0empdwfwdkYvdk tqifhjrifhrm;aewJh pdwfawGudk ½dk;½dk;omref 'geukodkvfpdwfoDvukodkvfpdwf pwJh ukodkvfomrefxuf omvGefjrifhjrwfwJh pdwfawGjzpfvdkY t"dpdwå-vdkY ac:ygw,f/

'Dt"dpdwåtrnf&wJh pdwfawGxJrSm pdwfwpfckwpfck[m ½kyfuvmyfaygif;rsm;pGmudk jzpfapEdkifwJh pGrf;tm;&Sdygw,f/ tJ'D½kyfuvmyfwdkif;rSmygwJh 0PÖ"mwf (= ½lyg½kH)[m bmok&½ly (= tvGefawmufywJh½lyg½Hk)jzpfygw,f/ 'DpdwåZ½kyfuvmyfawGrSmygwJh 0PÖ"mwf (= ½lyg½kH)&JU ta&miftvif;uawmh a,m*Dyk*¾dKvf&JU tZÑwåudk,fwGif;rSmom ysHUESHYwJhoabm&Sdygw,f/ (r[m#D-2-428-429/)

aemufwpfck - tJ'D pdwåZ½kyfuvmyfwdkif;rSmvnf; awaZm"mwfyg0ifjyefw,f? OwkvdkY ac:ygw,f/ 'DOwkac:wJh awaZm"mwfuvnf;½kyfuvmyf topftopfukd jzpfapjyefw,f/ OwkZ½kyfuvmyfrsm; jzpfMuygw,f/ tJ'D OwkZ½kyfuvmyfwdkif;rSmvnf; yg0ifwJh 0PÖ"mwf =½lyg½kHuvnf; bmok&½ly - tvGefawmufyjyefw,f/ OwkZ½kyfuvmyfwdkY&JUta&miftvif;u tZÑwåwGifomru A[d'¨txd ysHUESHYxGufoGm;w,f/

£w&H o&D&H rkÍödwGm ÓPmEkbm0gEk½lyH orEÅawm yw¬&wd?(r[m#D-2-429/)

'Dta&miftvif;[m orxbm0empdwf 0dyóembm0empdwf


wdkYESifh ,SOfwJGaewJh ÓPf&JUtmEkabmfu BuD;vQifBuD;ovdk cyfrsm;rsm;awmufywJhoabm&Sdw,f? 0ef;usifywfcsm t&yf (10)rsufESmtm;vkH;udkysHUESHYwJhoabm &Sdw,f/ ÓPf&JUtmEkabmfu ao;vQifvnf; ao;ovdkcyfenf;enf;yJ awmufywJhoabm &Sdygw,f/ 'gaMumifh - ÓPf&JUpGrf;tiftay: rlwnfNyD; jzpfay:vmwJh ta&miftvif; jzpfwJhtwGuf'Dtvif;a&mifudk ÓPfa&mifvdkY ac:jcif;jzpfygw,f? ynma&mifvdkYvnf;ac:w,f? twlwlygyJ/

tJ'D orm"dxlaxmif&wJhtaMumif;ESifh ywfoufvdkY bkef;BuD; 'Dnawmh enf;enf;awmh &Sif;jycsifw,f/

orm"dxlaxmifwJhtydkif;rSm 0dok'dr*¾t|uxmu orm"dtmedoHotydkif; qdkNyD;awmh oD;oefY azmfjyxm;ygw,f/ orm"deda'´o&JU aemufqG,frSm orm"daMumifh&EdkifwJh tusKd;ig;ck azmfjyxm;wm&Sdw,f/

orm"d\ tusKd;*kPftif tmedoif ig;yg;

eHygwf (1) tusKd;u 'd|"r®okc0d[m&'d|"r®okc0d[m&'d|"r®okc0d[m&'d|"r®okc0d[m&'d|"r®okc0d[m& - rsufarSmufb0rSm csrf;ompGm aexdkif&jcif; tusKd;&Sdw,f/

tJ'DtusKd;udk arQmfvifhNyD;awmh orm"d xlaxmifwJh yk*¾dKvfawG&Sdw,f/ b,fvdkyk*¾dKvfawGvJ¿ &[EÅm t&SifjrwfawGyJ/ txl;ojzifhok'¨0dyóem,medujzpfwJh &[EÅmt&SifjrwfawGyJ/ psmeform"dudktajcrcHawmhbJeJY "mwfur®|mef;vrf;udk jynfwnfNyD;awmh olwdkY0dyóemul;oGm;wJhtwGuf t&[wåzdkvf a&muf&SdoGm;Muw,f/

&[EÅmjzpfNyD;wJhtcsdeftcgusawmhrS 'DpsmefawGudk jyefNyD;tm;xkwfMuw,f? odkYr[kwf psmefudk &&Sdxm;NyD;wJh &[EÅmt&SifjrwfawGuvnf;'DpsmefawGudk jyefNyD;awmh 0ifpm;Muw,f/


bm&nf&G,fcsuf&SdovJvdkYar;awmh olwdkYrSm t&[wåzdkvfyef;wdkifodkY qdkufa&mufawmfrlNyD; jzpfwJhtwGuf t&[wåzdkvf &zdkY&eftwGufaemufxyfBudK;yrf;zdkY&ef aemufxyfvrf;pOf r&Sdawmhbl;/ &nf&G,fcsufu'Dpsmefcsrf;omuav;jzifh rsufarSmufb0rSm csrf;csrf;omom aexdkif&efqdkwJh 'DOD;wnfcsufwpfckyJ &Sdw,f/ 'DOD;wnfcsufESifhvnf; 'DpsmefudkyGm;rsm;tm;xkwfwJh yk*¾dKvfawG &SdMuw,f? orm"dxlaxmifwJh yk*¾dKvfawG&SdMuw,f/ 'gu tusKd;wpfck/

eHygwf (2) ? aemufwpfckuawmh 0dyóemedoHo0dyóemedoHo0dyóemedoHo0dyóemedoHo0dyóemedoHo - 0dyóem&JUtusKd;tmedoif&Sdw,f? 0dyóemÓPfawG &&SdzdkY&eftwGuf tusKd;tmedoif &Sdw,f/

0dyóemÓPfawG &&SdzdkY&eftwGuf tusKd;tmedoif&Sdw,f/ bmjzpfvdkYvJ¿ bk&m;a[mawmfrlwJh ½kyfudk odrIç bk&m;a[mawmfrlwJh emrfudkodrIç bk&m;a[mawmfrlwJh uH-uH\tusKd;udk odrIqdkwJh emr½lyy&dapä'ÓPfESifh ypö,y&d*¾[ÓPf qdkwmawGu orm"d&SdwJhyk*¾dKvfrS &&SdEdkifwJhÓPfawG jzpfMuw,f/

wpfenf;tm;jzifhajymvQifawmh aMumif;-usKd;quf y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;qdkwmudk orm"d&SdrS odEdkifw,f/ orm"d r&Sd&if 'D½kyfudkrodEdkifbl;ç 'Demrfudk rodEdkifbl;? 'DtaMumif;w&m; 'DtusKd;w&m;awGudkb,fvdkrS rodEdkifbl;/ rodEdkifwJhtwGuf bk&m;&Sifudk,fawmfwdkifu --

orm"ð bdu©a0 bma0x? orm[dawm bdu©a0 bdu©K ,xmblwHyZmemwd/ (oH-3-363/)

bdu©a0bdu©a0bdu©a0bdu©a0bdu©a0 ===== cspfom; &[ef;wkdY .../ ormormormormorm""""" ð =ð =ð =ð =ð = orm"dudk/ bma0xbma0xbma0xbma0xbma0x===== yGm;rsm;Muygukefavmh .../ bdu©a0 bdu©a0 bdu©a0 bdu©a0 bdu©a0 ===== cspfom; &[ef;wkdY .../orm[dawm =orm[dawm =orm[dawm =orm[dawm =orm[dawm = orm"d&SdwJh/ bdu©K = bdu©K = bdu©K = bdu©K = bdu©K = &[ef;onf/ ,xmblwH = ,xmblwH = ,xmblwH = ,xmblwH = ,xmblwH =razmufrjyef [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm/ yZmemwd = yZmemwd = yZmemwd = yZmemwd = yZmemwd = uGJuGJjym;jym; od\/


]]cspfom; &[ef;wkdY ...orm"dxlaxmifMu? orm"d&SdwJhyk*¾dKvfonfrazmufrjyef [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm uGJuGJjym;jym; odr,f}} - wJh/ bmawGudkodrvJ¿

]]£'H 'ku©}}EÅd ,xmblwH yZmemwd? ]]t,H 'ku©ork'a,m}}wd,xmblwH yZmemwd? ]]t,H 'ku©eda&ma"m}}wd ,xmblwH yZmemwd?]]t,H 'ku©eda&m"*grdeD y#dy'g}}wd ,xmblwH yZmemwd/ orm"ðbdu©a0 bma0x? orm[dawm bdu©a0 bdu©K ,xmblwH yZmemwd/

(oH-3-363/)

]]þum; 'ku©opömvdkY [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm odr,f/ þum; ork',opömvdkY [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm odr,f/ þum; eda&m"opömvdkY [kwfwdkif;rSefpGmodr,f/ þum; r*¾opömvdkY [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm odr,f/ tJ'Dvdk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm oda&;twGuf oifcspfom;wdkY oifcspforD;wdkY orm"dxlaxmifyg}}'Dvdk bk&m;&Sifu wdkufwGef;xm;awmfrlw,f/

'Dawmh orx[lorQonf jA[®mhjynfudka&mufapEdkifwJhpGrf;tm;av;wpfckwnf;&Sdwm [kwfovm;¿ r[kwfygbl;aemf/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onfr*¾if&Spfyg;xJrSm or®morm"d qdkwJh r*¾ifwpfckudk xnfhoGif; a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/ a[mawmfrlwJhtxJrSmvnf; 'Dorm"dqdkwmESifh ywfoufvdkY bmudk or®morm"d ac:qdkw,f qdkwmudk bk&m;&Sifudk,fawmfwdkifu r[mowdy|meokwåef usifhpOfxJrSm twdtusxnfhoGif;NyD;awmh &Sif;jyxm;awmfrlygw,f/

uwarm p bdu©a0 or®morm"d ...

ponfjzifh r[mowdy|meokwåef r*¾opömeda'oydkif; (r-1-89/) rSmbk&m;&Sifudk,fawmfwdkifu &Sif;xm;awmfrlw,f// yxrpsmeform"dç'kwd,psmeform"dç wwd,psmeform"dç pwkw¬psmeform"dawGudk igbk&m;u or®morm"dvdkY ac:qdkw,fqdkNyD; twdtus &Sif;vif;xm;


awmfrlygw,f/

&Sif;xm;awmfrlvdkufwJhtcgusawmh 'Dorm"dxlaxmifrSomvQifr*¾ifu &Spfyg; jynfhr,f/ orm"d rxlaxmifvdkY&SdvQif r*¾ifu &Spfyg;jynfhrvm;¿ rjynfhawmhbl;/ r*¾ifu &Spfyg;rjynfhawmhbl;qdkvdkY&SdvQifr*¾ifb,fESpfyg;&SdrvJ¿ r*¾ifckepfyg;yJ &Sdr,f? r*¾ifckepfyg;ESifh edAÁmefoGm;vdkY&rvm;¿ oGm;vdkY&w,fqdkvQifawmh 'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awG oGm;MunfhMuaygh/ ra&mufbl;qdkvdkY&SdvQif wpfacgufavmufjyefvmzdkY raumif;bl;vm;¿ aumif;ygw,f/

bk&m;&Sif udk,fawmfwdkifu r*¾if&Spfyg; a[mxm;awmfrlawmh -]]r*¾ifckepfyg;ESifh edAÁmef&ygw,f}}vdkY yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;OD;u ajymaer,fqdkvQif'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awG bk&m;a[mudkyJ vufcHrvm;? xdkyk*¾dKvfawG&JU ajymjycsufudkyJ vufcHrvm;¿ 'guawmh tav;teufpOf;pm;&r,faemf/

'Dawmh bk&m;&Sifu orm"d&SdrS 'D½kyfudk odEdkifw,f 'DemrfudkodEdkifw,fvdkY a[mMum;xm;awmfrlw,f? aMumif;usKd;quf y#dpöorkyÜg'fqdkwmudkvnf; orm"d&SdrS odEdkifw,fvdkY a[mxm;awmfrlw,f/ 'gaMumifh orm"dawmh xlaxmifzdkY vdkygw,f/

'DvdkqdkvQif ok'¨0dyóem,meduyk*¾dKvfawG[m b,frSm orm"dudkxlaxmifvdkYvJ¿ wcsKdUu 'Dvdkajymw,f/ ok'¨0dyóem,meduyk*¾dKvfqdkwmvnf; orm"dxlaxmifygw,f/ psmeform"dudk &atmifom olurxlaxmifwm/

ok'0dyóem,meduyk*¾dKvf[m 0dyóemudk wdkuf½dkufoGm;csifw,fqdkvQif bmudk p½I&r,fqdkwmESifhywfoufvdkY 0dok'dr*¾t|uxm 'kwd,wGJ pmrsufESm (222) rSm ckeu &Gwfxm;wJhpmydk'fudk t|uxmu azmfjyxm;ygw,f/ b,fvdkazmfjyxm;ovJ¿ --


ok'¨0dyóem,medaumok'¨0dyóem,medaumok'¨0dyóem,medaumok'¨0dyóem,medaumok'¨0dyóem,medaum ye t,ar0 0g orx,medaumorx,medaumorx,medaumorx,medaumorx,medaumpwk"mwk00w¬mae 0kwåmeH awoH awoH "mwky&d*¾[rkcgeH tnw&-rkc0aoe oacFyawm 0g 0dw¬m&awm 0g pwaóm "mwka,my&d*¾PSmwd/

ok'¨0dyóem,meduyk*¾dKvfyJjzpfjzpf - odkYr[kwf 'd|d0dok'¨dpcef;udkul;wJh tydkif;rSm orx,meduyk*¾dKvfu ½kyfur®|mef;uae pNyD;awmh'd|d0dok'dodkY ul;csifw,fqdkvdkY&SdvQif 'Dvdk ½kyfur®|mef;upcsifwJh orx,meduyk*¾dKvfyJjzpfjzpf - xdkyk*¾dKvfESpfrsKd;wdkYonf 'd|d0dok'dpcef;udk ul;NyDqdkvdkY&SdvQifawmh "mwfur®|mef;tusOf;enf; "mwfur®|mef;tus,fenf;ESpfenf;&SdwJhteufu rdrdwdkYBudKufESpfouf&m wpfenf;enf;jzifh "mwfBuD;av;yg;udk pwifodrf;qnf;ygqdkNyD; 'DvdkñTefMum;xm;w,f/ bmjzpfvdkYvJ¿

orxydkif;rSm = orm"dudkxlaxmifwJhtydkif;rSm ur®|mef; (40) &Sdw,fqdkwm rSefw,f/ 0dyóemydkif;a&mufvmvdkY 'd|d0dok'¨dpcef; ul;NyDqdkvdkY&SdvQifawmh ½kyfur®|mef; emrfur®|mef;qdkNyD; ur®|mef;u (2)rsKd;yJ &Sdw,f/xdkESpfrsKd;wdkYwGif bk&m;&Sifonf ½kyfur®|mef;udk a[mawmfrlwJh tcsdeftcgrSm b,fvdka[mawmfrlovJ¿ --

ww¬ b*0g ½lyur®|meH uaxaEÅm oacFyreodum&0aoe 0g0dw¬m&reodum&0aoe 0g pwk"mwk00w¬meH uaxod/

(r-|-1-280/)

r[mowdy|meokwåeft|uxmrSm twdtus zGifhxm;w,f/ r[mowdy|mefusifhpOfxJrSmudk twdtus xnfhoGif;NyD; zGifhxm;wJh pum;&yfyg/

ww¬ =ww¬ =ww¬ =ww¬ =ww¬ = xdk½kyfur®|mef; emrfur®|mef; ESpfrsKd;wdkYwGif/ b*0g = b*0g = b*0g = b*0g = b*0g = jrwfpGmbk&m;onf/ ½lyur®|meH = ½lyur®|meH = ½lyur®|meH = ½lyur®|meH = ½lyur®|meH = ½kyfur®|mef;udk/ uaxaEÅm = uaxaEÅm = uaxaEÅm = uaxaEÅm = uaxaEÅm = a[mMum;jyoqdkqkH;rawmfrlonf&Sdaomf/ oacFyreodum&0aoe 0g = oacFyreodum&0aoe 0g = oacFyreodum&0aoe 0g = oacFyreodum&0aoe 0g = oacFyreodum&0aoe 0g = tusOf;ESvkH;oGif;enf;\ tpGrf;tm;jzifhaomfvnf;aumif;/ 0dw¬m&reodum&- 0dw¬m&reodum&- 0dw¬m&reodum&- 0dw¬m&reodum&- 0dw¬m&reodum&-


0aoe 0g =0aoe 0g =0aoe 0g =0aoe 0g =0aoe 0g = tus,fESvkH;oGif;enf;\ tpGrf;tm;jzifhaomfvnf;aumif;/pwk"mwk00w¬meH =pwk"mwk00w¬meH =pwk"mwk00w¬meH =pwk"mwk00w¬meH =pwk"mwk00w¬meH = pwk"mwk00w¬mefur®|mef;udk/ uaxod = uaxod = uaxod = uaxod = uaxod = a[mMum;jyo qdkqkH;rawmfrljrJ "r®wm jzpfay\/

"mwfur®|mef; tusOf;enf;ç "mwfur®|mef; tus,fenf; - ESpfenf;wpfenf;enf;ESifh ½kyfur®|mef;udk jrwfpGmbk&m; a[mMum;awmfrljrJ"r®wmjzpfw,f/

'gaMumifh ½kyfur®|mef;udk rdrdwdkYu½Iawmhr,fqdkvQif "mwfBuD;av;yg;udk ½IzdkYrvdkbl;vm;¿ vdktyfw,f/ ½kyfur®|mef;awmh rdrdwdkYu ½Iw,f/"mwfudk r½Ibl;qdkvQif bk&m;qdkvdkwJh ½kyfuvmyf rjrifEdkifbl;? bk&m;qdkvdkwJh ½kyfy&rwf "mwfcGJEdkifwJhe,fajrudk b,fvdkrS rul;Edkifbl;/

tJ'Dawmh rdrdwdkYu pnf;urf; rvdkufemvdkY 'D½kyfemrfudk rodwm/½kyfemrfudk rodwm udk,fh[mudk,f tomaewm r[kwfao;bl;? ]]tJ'D½kyfawG emrfawGu oAÁnKor®morÁK'bk&m;&Sifom ½IvdkY&wm? om0uawG ½IvdkY&wm r[kwfbl;? ½l;oGm;r,f}}qdkNyD;awmh xyfajymjyefao;w,f/

'Dawmh ½kyfawG emrfawGudk bk&m;a[mwJhtwdkif; ½IwmudkyJ vl½l;jzpf&awmhrnfhyHkpH jzpfaeNyD/

'gaMumifh 'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awG ... 'Dtcsufudktav;teuf pOf;pm;&rnfhtydkif;uawmh a&mufaew,faemf/

eHygwf (3) ? aemuftusKd; wpfckuawmh - tbdnmedoHo tbdnmedoHo tbdnmedoHo tbdnmedoHo tbdnmedoHo yJ/tbdnmPfudk vdkvm;awmifhwaewJh olawmfaumif;awG &SdMuw,f/ykaAÁed0gomEkówdtbdnmPf - a&S;b0uaecJhwJh cEmawGudk ÓPfESifhtpOfavQmufNyD;awmh atmufarhjcif; odjrifjcif;qdkwJh tbdnmPf?'dAÁpu©KtbdnmPf - ewfrsufpdvdk ta0;teD; &SdorQtvHk;pHk tukefvHk;vSrf;NyD; jrifjcif; odjcif;qdkwJh tbdnmPf - ponfjzifh 'DtbdnmPf


trsKd;rsKd;udk vdkvm;awmifhwaewJh olawmfaumif;awGuvnf; tbd-nmPf tvdk&SdwJhtcsdeftcgrSm 'Dorm"dudk xlaxmif&ygw,f/

uodkPf;q,fyg; &Sdw,f/ uodkPf; wpfyg;yg;rSm ormywf&Spfyg;?uodkPf; q,fyg;udk ormywf &Spfyg; aygufatmif avhusifh&w,f/avhusifhNyD;wJhtcsdeftcgrSm yx0DuodkPf;uae Mo'gwuodkPf;txduodkPf;&Spfyg;udk wpfq,fhav;rsKd;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh Budwfajc&ygw,f/ tJ'DtcgusrS olu tbdnmPfvrf; ul;vdkY&w,f/

tJ'Dvdk tbdnmPfudk &nf&G,fNyD;awmh orm"dxlaxmifvQif 'Dorm"donf tbdnmPftusKd;tmedoHo &Sdw,fvdkY qdk&w,f/

eHygwf (4) tusKd;tmedoHo wpfckuawmh b00daoom edoHob00daoom edoHob00daoom edoHob00daoom edoHob00daoom edoHo -jA[®mhjynfqdkwJh b0txl;udk 'Dpsmeform"dawGu &Gufaqmifay;EdkifwJhpGrf;tm;&Sdw,f/

jA[®mhjynf jA[®mhcsrf;omudk vdkvm;awmifhwaewJh olawmfaumif;awGuvnf; jA[®mhjynfudk tvdk&SdwJhpdwfxm;ESifh 'DpsmefawGudk &atmifBudK;pm;tm;xkwfMuw,f/ aoonfhwdkifatmif 'DpsmefawGu ravQmuscJhbl;qdkvQif 'DpsmefawGuvnf; olwkdY arQmfvifhawmifhwaewJh jA[®mhcsrf;omudk a&mufatmif &Gufaqmifay;EdkifwJhpGrf;tm; &SdMuygw,f/

ck pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;wdkYvdkaygh? uG,fvGefoGm;wJhtcg jA[®mhjynfa&mufoGm;Muw,f/ 'gu b0txl;udk &Gufaqmifay;EdkifwJh pGrf;tm;yJ/aygif;vdkufawmh tusKd;tmedoif b,fESpfck&SdovJ¿ av;ck/

eHygwf (5) ? aemufxyftmedoifwpfckuawmh eda&m"medoHoeda&m"medoHoeda&m"medoHoeda&m"medoHoeda&m"medoHo -eda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;EdkifwJh tusKd;tmedoif &dSw,f/

eda&m"ormywf taMumif;udkawmh aemufxyf 'DrSm okwåefwpfckoD;oefY&Sdaeawmh tJ'Dtydkif;usrS bkef;BuD; xyfcsJUNyD;awmh ajymygr,f/


tm;vkH;aygif;vdkufawmh orm"d&JU tusKd;*kPftiftmedoifawG[mig;rsKd; &Sdaeygw,f/ tJ'Dig;rsKd;vkH;udkyJjzpfap wpfrsKd;rsKd;udkjzpfap tvdk&SdcJhvQifawmh orm"dudk xlaxmif&rSm jzpfw,f/

okH;q,fhESpfaum|mo

uJ aumif;NyD? "mwfBuD; (4)yg;udk tm½kH,lNyD;awmh orm"dudk xlaxmifvdkufwJhtcg ckeuajymcJhwJhtwdkif; a&cJwHk; zefwHk; rSefwHk;vdkMunfaewJhtMunftwHk;tcJxJu tvif;a&mifawGu wzsyfzsyf xGufvmNyDqdkvQifvif;a&mifjcnfpGrf;tm;awGu odyftm;aumif;vmNyDqdkvQif tJ'D vif;a&mifjcnfudk xdkifwdkif;xdkifwdkif; tenf;qHk; (1)em&DausmfausmfavmufcdkifcHhatmif avhusifhyg/ ESpf&ufoHk;&ufcefY avhusifhvdkufvdkY vif;a&mifjcnfu cdkifcHhvmNyDqdkvQif xdkvif;a&mifjcnftultnDESifh --

1/ qHyifç arG;nif;ç ajconf;vufonf;ç oGm;ç ta&ç

2/ tom;ç taMumç t½dk;ç ½kd;wGif;jcifqDç tndKU (ausmufuyf)ç

3/ ESvHk;ç tonf;ç tajr§;ç tzsOf;ç tqkyfç

4/ tlrç tlodrfç tpmopfç tpma[mif;ç OD;aPSmuf --

qdkwJh yx0Daum|mo (20)?

5/ onf;ajcç ovdyfç jynfç aoG;ç acR;ç tqDcJç

6/ rsuf&nfç qDMunfç wHawG;ç ESyfç tap;ç usifi,f --

qdkwJh tmaygaum|mo (12)ck --

aygif; (32)aum|moawGudk wpfckNyD;wpfck ½IMunfhyg/ rSefxJrSmjrif&ovdk xifxif&Sm;&Sm;jrifatmif ÓPfvif;a&mifjcnf&JU tultnDESifh aum|motoD;toD; wnf&SdwJhae&mrSm jrifatmif½Iyg/ pdwful;ESifhaum|moawGudk rdrd&JU a&SUwnfhwnfhrSm yHkNyD;awmh rMunhfygESifh/ aum|m


orsm; wnf&dSwJh cEmtdrfxJrSmom &SdwJhyHkpHtwdkif; jrifatmifvdkufMunfhyg/ (32)aum|moawGudk tZÑwårSm &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif; awGUjrifwJhtcgÓPfta&miftvif;&JU tultnDESifh A[d'¨yk*d¾KvfawG&JU oEÅmefrSmwnf&SdwJh aum|moawGudkvnf; jrifatmifquf½Iyg/

"mwfBuD; (4)yg;udk tm½kH,lNyD; orm"dudk xlaxmifpOf tJ'Dorm"dESifh,SOfwJhÓPfaMumifh vif;a&mifjcnfrsm; xGufay:vmovdk 'Dvif;a&mifjcnf tultnDESifh (32)aum|mowdkYudk quf½IjyefvQifvnf; 'D (32)aum|mowdkYudk ½IaewJh orm"dESifh ,SOfwJh ÓPfaMumifhvnf; tvif;a&mifrsm; xGufay:vmEdkifygw,f/ tu,fí aum|moawGudk ½I&if;ESifhtvif;a&mifu rSdefoGm;cJhvQif 'grSr[kwf aum|moawGukd uJGuJGjym;jym;&Sif;&Sif;vif;vif; rjrifbl;qdkvQif "mwfBuD; (4)yg;udkyJ wpfzeftm½Hk,lNyD;orm"dudk xlaxmifyg/ vif;a&mifjcnfpGrf;tifrsm; tm;aumif;vmwJhtcg (32)aum|mowdkYudk wpfzefjyef½Iyg/ 'Dvdkavhusifhr,fqdkvQifawmhatmifjrifrIudk &&SdEdkifygw,f/

A[d'¨ukd ½IwJhtydkif;rSm a&S;OD;pGm rdrda&SUwnfhwnfhrSm wnf&SdaewJha,m*Dyk*d¾KvfwpfOD;&JU (32)aum|mou pNyD;½IvQifawmh ydkaumif;wwfygw,f/ a&S;OD;pGm tZÑwårSm (32)aum|moudk ½Iyg/ NyD;awmh A[d'¨(32)aum|moukd ½Iyg/ 'Dvdk½IvdkY atmifjrifrIudk &&SdvQif tZÑwåwpfvSnfhA[d'wpfvSnfh tenf;qHk; (3-4)acgufavmuf ½IMunfhyg/ atmifjrifrIudk&&SdcJhaomf aemufwpfa,mufrSmvnf; yHkpHwlyJ ½IMunfhyg/

'Denf;jzifh tZÑwå½Ivdkuf A[d'¨½Ivdkuf wjznf;jznf; jzefYMuufNyD;t&yf (10)rsufESmvHk;rSm wnf&SdwJh owå0gawG&JUoEÅmefrSm wnf&SdwJh(32)aum|moawGudk ½IMunfhyg? tvif;a&mifatmufwGif awGUjrif&wJhvlawGudka&m wd&pämefawGudka&m tm;vHk;rSm&SdwJh aum|moawGudktZÑwåwpfvSnfh A[d'¨wpfvSnfh ½Iyg? t0g;0pGm Edkifeif;atmif ½Iwdkif;


&atmif avhusihfyg? t&yf (10)rsufESmudk pGrf;EdkiforQ cyfa0;a0;odkYa&mufatmif avhusifhyg/

y*kPjzpfaomf

aum|momeH y*kPumvawm y|m, wDok rkacok {aue rkace0drkpödówd? ur®|meH 0PÖawm 0g y#dulvawm 0g oknawm 0gOy|mwd/ (tbd-|-2-242-243/)

aum|moawGudk t0g;0pGm EdkifEdkifeif;eif; avhusifhNyD;&m tcsdefumvrSpí edAÁmefodkY0if&m rkcfOD;BuD;oHk;ck (= vrf;oHk;oG,f)wYdkwGif wpfckckaom rkcfOD;rS (= vrf;rS) 0ifoGm;cJhaomf rcRwf{uef udavomwdkYrSvGwfajrmufayvwHåU/ 'Dvdk t|uxmu zGifhqdkxm;w,f/ vrf;oHk;oG,fqdkwmuawmh --

1/ ta&mifuodkPf;vrf;ç

2/ y#dulvreodum&vrf;ç

3/ oknw = "mwfur®|mef;vrf; - qdkwJh vrf;oHk;oG,f jzpfygw,f/

'Dvrf;oHk;oG,fwdkYjzifh wpfvrf;vrf;rS ur®|mef;[m xif&Sm;vmr,fvdkYzGifhqdkxm;w,f/ aemufwpfenf; t|uxmu xyfzGifhxm;jyefao;w,f --

1/ tmucFrmeó 0PÖawmç2/ tmucFrmeó y#dulvawmç3/ tmucFrmeó oknawm ur®|meH Oy|[dówda,0/

(tbd-|-2-243/)

1/ tvdk&Sdooltm; ta&mifuodkPf;tm;jzifhç

2/ tvdk&Sdooltm; y#dulvreodum&tm;jzifhç

3/ tvdk&Sdooltm; oknw"mwfur®|mef;tm;jzifh --


ur®|mef;onf xif&Sm;vmrnfom jzpfygw,f/ 'Dvdkvnf; t|uxmu wpfenf;zGifhxm;w,f/

'gaMumifh a,m*Dyk*d¾Kvfu 'D (32)aum|moawGudk tZÑwå A[d'¨ESpfrsKd;vHk;rSm t0g;0pGm EdkifEdkifeif;eif; &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif; odjrifNyD ½Iwdkif;&NyDqdkvQif rdrdBudKufESpfouf&mvrf;udk a&G;cs,fEdkifygw,f/ 'Dnawmh&HG&SmpufqkyfzG,ftm;jzifh ESvHk;oGif;jcif; (= y#dulvreodum&) vrf;upNyD; ajymMu&atmif .../

y#dulvreodum&

(32)aum|moawGudk &HG&SmpufqkyfzG,f y#dulvoabmtm;jzifhESvHk;oGif;yHk tpDt&ifudk jrwfpGmbk&m;onf r[mowdy|meokwåef (r-1-72-73/) pwJh okwåefrsm;rSm a[mMum;xm;awmfrlcJhygw,f/ 'Dae&mrSmoar®m[0daem'eDt|uxmBuD;u --

{w¬ ye twåaem ZD0rmeuo&Da& y#dulvEÅd y&dur®H ua&mEÅótyÜemyd Oypm&rÜd Zm,wd/ y&ó ZD0rmeuo&Da& y#dulvEÅdreodua&mEÅó ae0 tyÜem Zm,wd? e Oypm&H/ (tbd-|-2-248/)

rdrd&JU touf&SifaeqJ cE¨mudk,frSm &GH&SmpufqkyfzG,f y#dulvtaejzifh (32)aum|moudk tm½kH,lNyD; yGm;rsm;cJhr,fqdkvQif yxrpsmeform"dvnf; jzpfEdkifygw,f? Oypm&orm"dvnf; jzpfEdkifw,f/ Oypm&orm"dqdkwmu tyÜempsmef&JU teD;tyg;rSm jzpfaewJh tyÜempsmefavmuf orm"dtm;raumif;ao;aomfvnf; tyÜempsmefavmufeD;eD;tm;aumif;aewJh orm"drsKd; jzpfw,f/

'gayrJh A[d' (= jyify)avmurSm touf&SifaeqJjzpfwJh olwpfyg;&JJUcEmtdrfrSm wnf&SdwJh (32)aum|moawGudk tm½kH,lNyD; &GH&SmpufqkyfzG,fy#dulvoabmtm;jzifh ½Ir,fqdkvQif 'DvdkESvHk;oGif;aewJh a,m*D&JU


oEÅmefrSm tyÜempsmefvnf; rjzpfEdkifbl;? Oypm&orm"dvnf; rjzpfEdkifbl;vdkY zGifhqdkxm;w,f/

odkYaomf rlv#Dumq&mawmfuawmh (rlv#D-2-156/) oD[dkVfuRef;apwd,awmifrSm oDwif;oHk;awmfrlavh&SdwJh r[mwdó rax&fjrwfBuD;wdkYvdkç oHC&u©dwrax&fjrwfBuD;&JU tvkyftauR;jzpfwJh &SifomraPwkdYvdk - A[d'¨ ouf&Sdowå0gawG&JU aum|moawGudk tEkyg'dEéuyu©(= oufrJhtzdkYtpk)ü xm;í tm½kH,ljcif;iSm a,m*Dyk*d¾Kvfu pGrf;EdkifcJhr,fqdkvQif touf&SifqJjzpfaewJh olwpfyg;&JU aum|moawGrSmvnf; &HG&SmpufqkyfzG,f y#dulvtjcif;t&m[m xifvmcJhr,fqdkvQif Oypm&orm"d (= Oypm&psmef)odkY qdkufa&mufEdkifaMumif;udk zGifhqdkxm;ygw,f/

'gaMumifh a,m*Dyk*d¾Kvfu rdrd&JU tZÑwårSm&SdwJh (32)aum|moawGudktm;vHk;udkjcHKNyD; tm½Hk,líjzpfap? rv’urax&fjrwfBuD;wdkYvdk (0dok'd-1-

257/) aum|mo wpfckckudk tm½Hk,líjzpfap &HG&SmpufqkyfzG,f y#dulvoabmtm;jzifh ½IEdkifygw,f/ - 'Dnawmh t½dk;pkur®|mef;udkyJ pNyD;ajymMu&atmif .../

t½dk;pkur®|mef;

(32)aum|mowkdYwGif yg0ifwJh t|daum|mo (= t½dk;pkaum|mo)udk r[mowdy|meokwåefrSm y#dulvreodum& ur®|mef;tjzpfjzifha[mMum;awmfrlcJhygw,f/ *d&drmeEokwåef (tH-3-343/) rSmawmh tokbonm trnfjzifh a[mMum;awmfrlcJhygw,f/ 0dZ,okwåef (ck-1-308/)usawmh o0dnmPutokb (= &Siftokb) trnfjzifh a[mMum;awmfrlcJhygw,f/ 'D (3)rsKd;vHk;uawmh ½IuGuftwlwlyJ jzpfw,f/ &HG&SmpufqkyfzG,f y#dulvoabmESifh rwifhw,fwJh tokboabmwdkY[moabmt"dyÜg,fcsif; twlwlyJ jzpfMuygw,f/


aemufwpfckuawmh t0dnmPutokb (= aotokb)ur®|mef;(10)rsKd;wdkYwGif aemufqHk; tokbur®|mef;[m t|duur®|mef; (= t½dk;pkur®|mef;)yJ jzpfw,f? A[d'¨ tavmif;aumifwpfck&JU t½kd;pkjzpfw,f/tJ'D t½dk;pk&JU &HG&SmpufqkyfzG,f tokboabmudkyJ tm½Hk,lum orm"dudk xlaxmifEdkifcJhvQif yxrpsmeform"dtxd aygufa&mufEdkifygw,f/

'Dnawmh tZÑwå t½kd;pkaum|mo&JU &HG&SmpufqkyfzG,f tokboabmudk tm½Hk,lum orm"dxlaxmifyHktydkif;udk pwifNyD; ajymMu&atmif --

1/ "mwfBuD; (4)yg;udk tm½Hk,lum orm"dudk xdkifwkdif;xdkifwkdif; xlaxmifyg/

2/ (32)aum|mowdkYudk tZÑwå A[d' ESpfXmewdkYrSm (2)acguf (3)acgufavmuf odrf;qnf;yg/

3/ tZÑwå t½dk;pkaum|moudk tm½Hk,lyg/

tJ'D t½dk;pkaum|mo&JU &GH&SmpufqkyfzG,f y#dulvoabmudk tm½Hk,lum - ]]t|duy#dulvH t|duy#dulvH = t½dk;pk&GHp&m t½kd;pk&HGp&m}}vdYk ESvHk;oGif;yg/

'Dvdk ESvHk;oGif;wJhtcg 'Dt½kd;pk&JU &GH&SmpufqkyfzG,foabmudk ÓPfxJrSmxifatmif ESvHk;oGif;yg/ tu,fí &GH&SmpufqkyfzG,foabmuÓPfxJrSm xifvmNyDqdkvQif ]]&GHp&m &HGp&m = y#dulv y#dulv}}- 'DvdkyJESvHk;oGif;aeyg/ tu,fí &HG&SmpufqkyfzG,foabmu ÓPfxJrSm aygavmBuD; ay:rvmao;bl;qdkvQif ]]t½kd;pk&GHp&m t½dk;pk&GHp&m}}vdkYyJ ESvHk;oGif;aeyg/ &GH&SmpufqkyfzG,foabmu ÓPfrSm xif&Sm;vmNyDqdkvQifygVdvdkBudKufvQif ]]y#dulv y#dulv}}? jrefrmvdkBudKufvQif ]]&HGp&m&HGp&m}}vdkYyJ ½Iaeyg/ &GH&SmpufqkyfzG,f t½kd;pktm½HkrSm bm0empdwfudkwpfem&D ESpfem&D ponfjzifh Nidrf0yfpGm uyfNyD;wnfaeatmif BudK;pm;yg/


'Dvdk ½IwJhtydkif;rSm t½dk;pktm;vHk; ÓPfrSm xif&Sm;aeygu ydkaumif;ygw,f/ tu,fí t½dk;pktm;vHk; rxif&Sm;bJ wcsKdUwpf0uf wpfpdwfwpfa'oavmufom xif&Sm;w,fqdkvQifvnf; xif&Sm;wJhtpdwftydkif;wcsKdUwpf0ufudkyJ tm½kH,lum y#dulvreodum& ur®|mef;udk yGm;rsm;yg/

t½dk;pktm;vHk;udkyJjzpfjzpf wcsKdUwpf0ufudkyJjzpfjzpf tm½Hk,lum tJ'Dt½kd;pk&JU &HG&SmpufqkyfzG,f y#dulvoabmudk tm½kH,lNyD; ]]&HGp&m &HGp&m}}vdYk ESvHk;oGif;wJhtcg bm0empdwfu tJ'D &HG&SmpufqkyfzG,f t½dk;pktm½kHrSmwpfem&D ESpfem&D ponfjzifh xdkifwdkif;xdkifwkdif; Nidrf0yfpGm uyfNyD; wnfaeNyDqkdvQif tJ'Dtm½kHxJrSm bm0empdwfu euf½Idif;pGm epfjrKyfaeNyDqdkvQiftJ'Dorm"dudk ESpf&ufoHk;&ufavmuf xdkifwdkif;xdkifwdkif; &atmif avhusifhyg/ 'Dvdk bm0emtm½HkrSm epfjrKyfaewJh orm"dudk psmeform"dvdkYac:qdkygw,f/ 'Dvdk psmeform"dESifh aejcif;udkyJ psmef0ifpm;w,fvdkYac:jcif;jzpfw,f/

'Dtydkif;rSm t½dk;pkaum|mo tm½Hk[mvnf; MunfvifawmufywJhy#dbm*edrdwftoGifodkY qdkufa&mufNyD; jzpfaeygw,f/ cdkifcHhatmifavhusifhyg/ atmifjrifrI &NyDqdkvQifawmh a,m*Dyk*d¾Kvfu psmeft*FgawGudk qifjcifMunfhvdkY &EdkifNyD/ psmeft*Fgudk qifjcifcsifw,fqdkvQifawmhtpydkif;rSm tenf;qHk; wpfem&Davmuf psmefudk jyef0ifpm;yg/ psmefrSxvQifxcsif; ESvHk;tdrftwGif;bufudk pdwfESifhpdkufMunfhum b0ifraemtMunf"mwfudk a&S;OD;pGm odrf;qnf;yg/

ybó&rd'H bdu©a0 pdwåH? (tH-1-9/)

b0ifpdwf[m NydK;NydK;jyufjyuf awmufyw,fvdkY bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJhtwdkif; ESvHk;twGif;rSm MunfvifawmufyaewJh b0ifraemtMunf"mwfudk a&S;OD;pGm odrf;qnf;yg/


b0ifraemtMunf"mwfqdkwm bmvJ¿

ESvHk;tdrftwGif;rSm&SdwJh [',0w¬K½kyfudk rSDjzpfaewJh b0ifpdwft0iftyg pdwfwdkif;pdwfwdkif;[m pdwåZ½kyfuvmyfawGudk rsm;pGm jzpfapygw,f/ orxbm0empdwf 0dyóembm0empdwfawG[m tvGefpGrf;tifBuD;rm;wJh pdwfawG jzpfMuwJhtwGuf pdwfwpfckwpfck[m tvGefYtvGef ta&twGuf rsm;jym;wJh pdwåZ½kyfuvmyfawGudk jzpfapygw,f/b0ifpdwfuvnf; pdwåZ½kyfuvmyfudk jzpfapygw,f/

tJ'D pdwåZ½kyfuvmyfwdkif;rSmyg0ifwJh 0PÖ"mwf (= ½lyg½kH)[m MunfvifawmufywJhoabm &Sdygw,f/ tJ'D pdwåZ½kyfuvmyfxJrSmyg0ifwJhawaZm"mwfwkdif;uvnf; OwkZ½kyfuvmyf topftopfudk jzpfapjyefygw,f/ tJ'D OwkZ½kyfuvmyfwdkif;rSmygwJh 0PÖ"mwf (= ½lyg½kH)uvnf; Munfvifawmufyygw,f/

tJ'D pdwåZ½kyfuvmyf OwkZ½kyfuvmyfawGrSmygwJh 0PÖ"mwf =½lyg½kH&JU MunfvifawmufyrI[m taMumif;jzpfwJh b0ifpdwfESifh ,SOfaewJh ÓPftay:rSm rlwnfaeygw,f/ b0ifpdwfESifh,SOfwJh ÓPfuxufjrufpl;&SvQif tJ'D½lyg½kHta&mifawG[m ydkNyD; awmufywJhoabm&Sdygw,f/ b0ifpdwfESifh ,SOfaewJhÓPfu tmEkabmfao;vQif tJ'D½lyg½kHawG&JU MunfvifawmufyrI[m pGrf;tifavsmhenf;wJhoabm &Sdygw,f/

'gaMumifh - tusKd;jzpfwJh 0PÖ"mwf (= ½lyg½kH)wdkY&JU awmufyrIudktaMumif;jzpfwJh b0ifpdwftay:rSm wifpm;NyD; taMumif;jzpfwJh b0ifudkyJ --

ybó&rd'H bdu©a0 pdwåH? (tH-1-9/)

]]'Db0ifpdwf[m NydK;NydK;jyuf wvufvuf awmufyw,fvdkY}} 'Dvdk


bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;awmfrljcif; jzpfygw,f/ pdwfrSm ta&miftvif;&SdvdkYa[mMum;xm;awmfrlwm r[kwfbl;vdkY rSwfom;yg/ -- 'Dawmh psmeft*Fgudk odrf;qnf;csifwJh a,m*Dyk*d¾Kvfu a&S;OD;pGm 'Db0ifraemtMunf"mwfudk odrf;qnf;&ygw,f/ bmaMumifh b0ifraemtMunf"mwfudkodrf;qnf;&ovJ¿

reÍö y#dpö "ar® p OyÜZÆwd raem0dnmPH? (oH-1-302/)

ponfjzifh bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJhtwdkif; --

1/ re trnf&wJh b0ifraemtMunf"mwf

2/ "r® trnf&wJh t½dk;pkaum|mowdkYvdk "r®m½kH --

3/ 'DESpfrsKd;udk tpJGjyKNyD; psmefpdwfwdkYvdk raem0dnmPfpdwfawGu jzpfay:vmMuw,f/

'gaMumifh 'DpsmefpdwfESifh ,SOfwJGaewJh psmeft*FgawGudk odrf;qnf;csifwJh a,m*Dyk*d¾Kvf[m --

1/ b0ifraemtMunf"mwfESifh

2/ t½dk;pkaum|mo (= "r®m½kH)udk a&S;OD;pGm yl;wJGodrf;qnf;&ygw,f/

b0ifraemtMunf"mwfrSm t½kd;pkaum|mou xifvmwJhtcga,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu psmeft*FgawGudk wpfckNyD;wpfck a&S;OD;pGm odrf;qnf;&ygw,f/ atmifjrifrI&wJhtcg psmeft*Fgig;yg;vkH;udk NydKifwljrifatmifodrf;qnf;&ygw,f/

'D enf;pepf[m - t&Sifom&dykwå&m ukd,fawmfjrwfBuD; udk,fwdkifatmifatmifjrifjrif toHk;jyKoGm;awmfrlwJh - a&S;a[mif;pepfBuD;wpfckjzpfygw,f/ 'Dpepfa[mif;BuD;udk tEky'okwåefygVdawmf (r-3-75-79/)

ESifh tEky'okwåeft|uxm (r-|-4-60/) wdkYrSm azmfjyxm;ygw,f/


'Dawmh a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu tZÑwå t½dk;pkaum|mo&JU &GH&SmpufqkyfzG,foabmudk tm½kH,lNyD; yxrpsmefukd wpfem&Davmuf 0ifpm;NyD; psmefrSxNyD;awmh b0ifraemtMunf"mwfudk odrf;qnf;vdkufwJhtcg t½dk;pkaum|motm½kH[m b0ifraemtMunf"mwfrSm xifaewm awGUNyDqdkvQif atmufygpsmeft*FgawGudk wpfckNyD;wpfck odrf;qnf;yg/

psmeft*Fg ig;yg;

1/ 0dwuf0dwuf0dwuf0dwuf0dwuf ===== &GH&SmpufqkyfzG,f t½kd;pktm½kHay:okdY pdwfukd a&S;½SLwifay;jcif;oabm?

2/ 0dpm&0dpm&0dpm&0dpm&0dpm& ===== &GH&SmpufqkyfzG,f t½kd;pktm½kHukd xyfumxyfum okH;oyf qifjcifjcif;oabm?

3/ yDwdyDwdyDwdyDwdyDwd ===== &GH&SmpufqkyfzG,f t½kd;pktm½kHukd ESpfoufaejcif;oabm?

4/ okcokcokcokcokc ===== &GH&SmpufqkyfzG,f t½kd;pktm½kH\ t&omudk csrf;csrf;omom cHpm;aejcif;oabm?

5/ {u*¾wm{u*¾wm{u*¾wm{u*¾wm{u*¾wm ===== &GH&SmpufqkyfzG,f t½kd;pktm½kH wpfckwnf;ay:okdY pdwfusa&muf wnfNidrfaejcif;oabm = orm"d --

'Dpsmeft*Fgig;yg;ukd wpfckpD odrf;qnf;Munfhyg/ a&S;OD;pGm psmef0ifpm;NyD; psmefrSxwJhtcg ckeu ajymcJhwJhtwkdif; 0dwufukd odrf;qnf;yg/0dwufukd xifxif&Sm;&Sm; ausauseyfeyf odrf;qnf;EkdifvQif tvm;wlyJpsmefukdjyef0ifpm;NyD; psmefrSxum 0dpm&ukd odrf;qnf;yg/ atmifjrifrI&&Sdygu tvm;wlyJ psmef0ifpm;NyD; psmefrSxum yDwdukd odrf;qnf;yg/okc-{u*¾wmwkdYukdvnf; ykHpHwlyJ odrf;qnf;yg/ 'Dvdk psmeft*FgawGukdwpfvkH;pD wpfvkH;pD ausauseyfeyf odrf;qnf;vkdY &NyDqkdvQif psmefukdwpfcgjyef0ifpm;NyD; psmefrSxum psmeft*Fgig;yg;vkH;ukd NydKifwl ÓPfESifhjrifatmif ½Iyg? odrf;qnf;yg/


owdjyK&eftcsuf

'Dae&mrSm 0dok'dr*¾t|uxmu owday;xm;ygw,f/ --

wo®ð ye edrdawå ywåyXrZÑmaee tm'dur®daue ormyZÆe-A[kave b0dwAÁHç e ypöa0u©PA[kave/ (0dok'd-1-148/)

t½kd;pkaum|mo (= t½kd;pky#dbm*edrdwf)wkdYvkd orxedrdwf wpfckckukd tm½kH,lNyD; orm"dukd xlaxmifEkdifwJhtwGuf yxrpsmefokdY qkdufa&mufp tm'dur®duyk*¾dKvf[m psmef0ifpm;rI rsm;ygap? psmeft*FgukdqifjcifrI enf;ygap? 'Dvkd pnf;urf;owfrSwfay;xm;ygw,f/ bmjzpfvkdYvJ¿psmeft*FgawGukd cPcP qifjcifaer,fqdkvQif psmeft*FgawGu ½kefY&if;vmNyD; psmeform"du tm;enf;oGm;wwfw,f? psmefu avQmusoGm;wwfw,f/ 'gaMumifh ]]psmeft*FgqifjcifrI enf;ygapç psmefukd 0ifpm;rIrsm;ygap}}qkdwJh pnf;urf;ukd owfrSwfay;jcif; jzpfw,f/

0oDabmfig;wef

'Dtykdif;rSm - 0oDabmf ig;wefukd Ekdifeif;atmif avhusifhay;&eft*FkwådK&fygVdawmf e0uedygwf *g0DOyrmokwåef (tH-3-216-219/) rSmbk&m;&Sifu ñTefMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/ 0dok'dr*¾t|uxmuvnf;(0dok'd-1-149/) zGifhqkdxm;ygw,f/ psmefukd Ekdifeif;atmif avhusifhrIukd0oDabmfvkdY ac:qkdygw,f/

1/ tm0ZÆe0oDtm0ZÆe0oDtm0ZÆe0oDtm0ZÆe0oDtm0ZÆe0oD ===== raem'Gg&m0ZÆef;jzifh psmeft*Fgukd vsifvsifjrefjrefEkdifEkdifeif;eif; qifjcifEkdifatmif avhusifhjcif;?

2/ ormyZÆe0oDormyZÆe0oDormyZÆe0oDormyZÆe0oDormyZÆe0oD ===== psmefukd tvkd&Sdwkdif; vsifvsifjrefjref 0ifpm;vkdY&atmif avhusifhjcif;?

3/ t"d|me0oDt"d|me0oDt"d|me0oDt"d|me0oDt"d|me0oD ===== wpfrdepft"d|mefjyKum psmefukd 0ifpm;vQif wpfrdepf 0ifpm;Ekdifatmifç wpfem&D t"d|mefjyKum


psmefukd0ifpm;vQif wpfem&D 0ifpm;Ekdifatmifçt"d|mefxm;wJh tcsdefumvtwkdif; 0ifpm;Ekdifatmif avhusifhjcif;?

4/ 0k|me0oD0k|me0oD0k|me0oD0k|me0oD0k|me0oD ===== psmefrS xvdkwJhtcsdef vsifvsifjrefjref xEdkifatmif avhusifhjcif;?

5/ ypöa0u©Pm0oDypöa0u©Pm0oDypöa0u©Pm0oDypöa0u©Pm0oDypöa0u©Pm0oD ===== ypöa0u©PmaZmwdkYjzifh psmeft*FgawGudk vsifvsifjrefjref qifjcifEdkifatmif avhusifhjcif;?

tm;vkH;aygif;vdkufawmh 0oDabmf ig;wef jzpfygw,f/

psmeft*FgawGudk qifjcifwJhtydkif;rSm raem'Gg&m0ZÆef;pdwf wpfBudrfça,bk,stm;jzifh ypöa0u©PmaZm (7)Budrf apmwwfygw,f/ raem'Gg&m0ZÆef;pdwfESifh psmeft*Fgudk qifjcifrIudk tm0ZÆe0oDç ypöa0u©PmaZmpdwfESifhqifjcifrIudk ypöa0u©Pm0oDvdkY 'DvdkcJGjcm;xm;ygw,f/ 'Dvdkpsmeft*FgawGudk qifjcifwJhtydkif;rSm ypöa0u©PmaZmawGudk (7)Budrftxd rapmapawmhbJ (5)Budrf (6)BudrfavmufyJ apmapum psmeft*Fgukd vsifvsifjrefjref qifjcifrIrsKd;udk qdkvdkw,fvdkY tcsKdUaom q&mjrwfwdkYu t,l&SdawmfrlMuygw,f/

txl;ojzifh .. 'Dtydkif;rSm - (2)em&D (3)em&D ponfjzifh psmefudkcyfMumMum 0ifpm;Edkifatmifawmh avhusifhyg/

A[d'¨t½dk;pkaum|moatmifjrifrI&wJhtcg A[d'¨ t½kd;pkaum|mowpfckudk tm½kH,lNyD;

y#dulvoabmtm;jzifh &HG&SmpufqkyfzG,ftjzpf ESvHk;oGif;um yHkpHwlyJ½IMunfhyg/ A[d' t½dk;pkaum|moudk ½IwJhtcg rdrd&JUa&SU rvSrf;rurf;rSmxdkifaewJh a,m*DwpfOD;&JU t½dk;pkaum|mu pNyD; ½IMunfhyg/ tJ'D &HG&SmpufqkyfzG,f t½dk;pkaum|motm½HkrSm bm0empdwfudk tenf;qHk; wpfem&Davmuf Nidrf0yfpGm uyfNyD;wnfaeatmif BudK;pm;yg/ 'Dvdk ½IwJhtcgrSm


xdkifwdkif;xdkifwdkif; "mwfBuD; (4)yg;u pNyD;awmh orm"dudk tqifhqifhxlaxmifzdkY rarhygESifh/

1/ "mwfBuD; (4)yg;udk tm½Hk,lNyD; orm"dudk xlaxmifyg/

2/ tZÑwå-A[d'¨ (32)aum|moawGudk ½Iyg/

3/ tZÑwå t½dk;pkaum|moudk y#dulvtm;jzifh ESvHk;oGif;um yxrpsmeform"dodkY qdkufatmif orm"dudk xlaxmifyg/

4/ xdkaemifrS A[d'¨ t½dk;pkaum|moudk y#dulvtm;jzifh ½Iyg/

tJ'Dvdk A[d' t½dk;pkaum|mo&JU &HG&SmpufqkyfzG,f y#dulvoabmudk ESvHk;oGif;NyD; orm"dudkxlaxmifvdkufwJhtcg A[d' t½dk;pkaum|motm½HkrSm bm0empdwfu wpfem&Davmuf Nidrf0yfpGmuyfNyD; wnfvmNyDqdkvQif tJ'Dorm"drSxum rdrd&JU b0ifraemtMunf"mwfudk odrf;qnf;yg/ tJ'D A[d'¨ t½dk;pkaum|motm½Hku rdrd&JU b0ifraemtMunfrSmxifvmwJhtcg a&S;uajymcJhwJh psmeft*Fgig;yg;wdkYudk yHkpHwlyJ odrf;qnf;Munfhyg/ 'Dpsmeft*FgawGuawmh [dka&SUydkif;u ajymcJhwJhtwdkif;yJ Oypm&psmefESifh ,SOfaewJh psmeft*FgawGom jzpfMuygw,f/ Oypm&psmefqdkwmutyÜempsmefqdkwJh yxrpsmef&JU teD;tyg;rSm jzpfaewJhorm"dvdkY qdkvdkygw,f/ yxrpsmefem;uyfaewJh Oypm&orm"dtppfESifh orm"dvu©Pmcsif; wlnDvdkY wifpm;ajymwJhpum;om jzpfygw,f/

a&SUwnfhwnfhrSm&SdwJh a,m*DwpfOD;&JU t½kd;pkaum|moudk ckvdk½IvdkYatmifjrifNyDqdkvQif aemufa,m*DwpfOD;&JU t½dk;pkaum|moukd yHkpHwl½IMunfhyg/ 0ef;usifywfcsm t&yf (10)rsufESmodkYwdkifatmif wpfpwpfpwkd;csJUum yHkpHwlyJ ½IMunfhyg/ t&yf (10)rsufESmrSm b,ft&yfrsufESmudkyJ MunfhMunfh t½dk;pkcsnf;jzpfatmif avhusifhyg/ a,mufsm; rdef;ryk*d¾Kvf owå0g uRJ EGm; wd&pämef ponfjzihf rawGUawmhbJ t½dk;pk tpktyHkcsnf;awGUatmif avhusifhyg/


ar;cGef;wpf&yf

tcsKdUa,m*DawGu ar;wwfMuw,f - 'Davmuf &HG&SmpufqkyfzG,faumif;aewJh t½dk;pkaum|motm½kHudk tm½HkjyKNyD; b,fvdkvkyfNyD; yDwdujzpfEdkifyghrvJ¿ 'Dvdkawmh ar;wwfMuw,f/

'Dtar;udk 0dok'dr*¾t|uxmu (0dok'd-1-188/) ajzqdkxm;ygw,f/'Dvdk t½dk;pkaum|mowdkYvdk tokbtm½kHawG[m &HG&SmpufqkyfzG,foabmw&m; xif&Sm;&SdwmrSefaomfvnf; a,m*Dyk*d¾Kvfbufu 'Dtm½Hkudk taMumif;jyKNyD; --

]]t'¨g £rm, Z&mr&PrSm y&drkpödómrd}} --

]]þusifh0wfy#dywfjzifh igonf rcRwf{uef Z&mr&PrS vGwfajrmuf&ayvdrfhrnf}} --

'Dvdk tusKd;tmedoifudk ½Ijrifavh&Sdwmu wpfaMumif;ç Oypm&orm"d tcdkufrSmuwnf;u pdwftpOfudk aemufusKapwwfwJh eD0&PtnpftaMu;awGudk y,f&Sm;Edkifwmuvnf; wpfaMumif; - 'DtaMumif;w&m;awGaMumifh yDwd-aomreó (= yDwd-okc)awG[m jzpfay:vmEdkifygw,f/ Oyrm - ykyæq×uac:wJh yef;rdIufoGef (= rpifbifusKH;orm;)wpfOD;[m rpifyHkBuD;udk awGUvdkufwJhtcg igawmh ydkufqHrsm;rsm; &awmhrSmyJqdkNyD; ESpfouf0rf;ajrmufjcif; yDwd-aomreó jzpfovdkç tjyif;txef tema&m*gwpfck uyfa&muftEdSyfpufcHae&wJh a&m*gonfwpfOD;[m ysKdUtef0rf;usaq;udk rSD0JvdkufwJhtcg ysKdUtefjcif; 0rf;avQmoGm;jcif;aMumifh yDwd-aomreó jzpf&ovdk -- tvm;wlyJ a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu &HG&SmpufqkyfzG,f t½dk;pkaum|moudk tm½Hk,lum orm"dudkxlaxmifvdkuf&m Oypm&orm"d tyÜemorm"dqdkwJh orm"drsm; tom;wufvmwJhtcg xdkbm0emorm"dwdkYaMumifh tdkab;qdk;BuD;ç emab;qdk;BuD;ç aoab;qdk;BuD;wdkYrS vGwfajrmuf&awmhrSmayghvdkY tusKd;udk


jrifvdkufwJhtcg eD0&PtnpftaMu;awGuvnf; uGm&SJoGm;wJhtcgpdwfat;csrf;rI csrf;omrI okcESifh ESpfoufrI yDwdwdkY[m jzpfay:vmw,fvdkY qdkvdkygw,f/

ig;yd[m &HG&SmpufqkyfzG,faumif;ayrJh uRrf;usifwJh pm;zdkonfu£|jzpfatmif jyKjyifay;vkdufwJhtcg ig;ydBudKufwJh pm;oHk;oltzdkY yDwd-aomreó jzpf&ovdk Oypm&orm"d tyÜemorm"dqdkwJh orm"dwdkYujyKjyifay;vdkufwJhtwGuf &GH&SmpufqkyfzG,f t½dk;pktm½HkrSmaomfvnf;yDwd-aomreóawG jzpf&ygw,fvYdk qdkvdkygw,f/

Mo'gwuodkPf;

t½dk;pkur®|mef;udk jyefqufMu&atmif/ t&yf (10)rsufESmrSm b,fudkyJMunfhMunfh t½dk;pkcsnf; jzpfaeNyD? psmeft*FgawGuvnf; xif&Sm;NyDqdkvQif Mo'gwuodkPf;udk ul;vdku ul;vkdY&NyD jzpfygw,f/

(32)aum|moqdkwJh aum|moawG&JU ta&miftqif;udk tm½Hk,lNyD; 0PÖuokdPf;ac:wJh ta&mifuodkPf; (4)rsKd;wdkYudk ½IyGm;yHk enf;pepfrsm;udk bk&m;&Sif[m r[my&dedAÁmeokwåef ('D-2-92-96/) rSmaumçt*kFwdåK&fygVdawmf t|uedygwf (tH-3-125-127/) rSmaumç "r®o*FPDygVdawmf (tbd-1-55-56/) rSmaumç tcsKdUtcsKdUaom okwåefawGrSmaumtbdbm,wepsmefç 0darmu©psmef - qdkwJh trnfawGESifh a[mMum;xm;awmfrlcJhygw,f/

'D tbdbm,wepsmef 0darmu©psmefawGudk &&Sdatmif yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfwJhtydkif;rSm --

1/ rdrd&JU udk,fwGif; (= tZÑwå) oEÅmefrSm &SdwJh (32)aum|mowdkY&JUta&mifuodkPf;½kyfqdkwJh tZÑwå½kyfudk tm½kHjyKNyD; y&dur®bm0emudktpysKd; yGm;rsm;wmvnf; &Sdw,f/


2/ tjyifty (= A[d'¨)rSm wnf&SdwJh (32)aum|mowdkY&JU ta&mifuodkPf;½kyfqdkwJh A[d'½kyfudk tm½kHjyKNyD; y&dur®bm0emudk tpysKd;yGm;rsm;wmvnf; &dSw,f/

'DESpfrsKd;wdkYrSm a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu tZÑwå½kyfrSmjzpfap A[d'½kyfrSmjzpfap-

1/ eDvuodkPf;y&durfudk yGm;rsm;csifw,fqdkvQif --

(u) qHyifüjzpfapç( c ) onf;ajcüjzpfapç( * ) rsufeuf0ef;üjzpfap - tm½kH,lNyD;awmh --

]]eDv eDv = tndK tndK }} vdkY tzefzef txyfxyf y&dur®bm0emudktm;xkwf&w,f/ y&dur®bm0em qdkwmuawmh tpysKd;wJh bm0emjzpfw,f/ Oypm&orm"d (= Oypm&bm0em)odkY rqdkufrDtwGif;rSmy&dur®bm0em&JU e,fajrjzpfw,f/

2/ yDwuodkPf;y&durfudk jyKvkyfyGm;rsm;vdkwJh a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf[m-

(u) tqDcJüjzpfapç( c ) ta&üjzpfapç( * ) vufzrdk; ajczrdk;üjzpfapç(C) rsufpdtwGif; 0ga&TwJht&yfüjzpfapç( i ) 0ga&TwJh usifi,füjzpfap - tm½kH,lNyD;awmh --

]]yDw yDw = t0g t0g}} vdkY 'grSr[kwfvnf; ]]ta&T ta&T}} - vkdYtzefzef txyfxyf y&dur®bm0emudk tm;xkwf&w,f/

3/ avm[dwuodkPf;y&durfudk pD;jzef;vdkwJh a,m*Dyk*¾dKvf[m --

(u) tom;ü jzpfapç( c ) taoG;ü jzpfapç( * ) vQmü jzpfapç


(C) rsufpdtwGif; eDjref;&mt&yfüjzpfap tm½Hk,lNyD;awmh --

]]avm[dw avm[dw = teD teD}} vdkY tzefzef txyfxyf y&dur®bm0emtvkyfudk tm;xkwf&w,f/

4/ Mo'gwuokdPf;y&durfudk pD;jzef;vdkwJh a,m*Dyk*¾dKvf[m --

(u) t½dk;ü jzpfapç( c ) oGm;ü jzpfapç( * ) vufonf;-ajconf;ü jzpfapç(C) rsufvkH;wdkY&JU jzL&mt&yfüjzpfap -

'Dvdk jzLwJh aum|mowpfckckudk tm½Hk,lNyD;awmh --

]]Mo'gw Mo'gw = tjzL tjzL}} vdkY tzefzef txyfxyf pD;jzef;jcif;(= y&dur®bm0em) tvkyfudk tm;xkwf&w,f/

'Dvdk ½IwJhtydkif;rSm wcsKdUyk*¾dKvfawGrSm tZÑwå (32)aum|mouydkNyD;xif&Sm;w,f/ A[d'äum|moawGuawmh tZÑwåavmuf rxif&Sm;bl;/ tJ'Dvdk yk*¾dKvfawGu tZÑwåaum|mou pNyD; y&dur®bm0emvkyfief;&yfudk pwifum jyKpkysKd;axmifEdkifygw,f/

wcsKdUyk*¾dKvfawGusawmh A[d'aum|moawGudk ½I&wmu ydkaumif;NyD; ydkvnf; &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif; awGUaewwfw,f/ 'Dvdk A[d'äum|moawGudk ½I&wm ydkaumif;NyD; A[d'äum|moawGu tZÑwåxuf ydkNyD;xif&Sm;w,fqdkvQifvnf; A[d'äum|moudkyJ tm½Hk,lNyD; y&dur®-bm0emudk pwifjyKpkysKd;axmifEdkifygw,f/

tZÑwåaum|moawG&JU ta&mifudk tm½Hk,lNyD; ta&mifuokdPf;awGudk yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfvnf; ½lyg0p&psmef (4)yg;udk &&SdEdkifygw,f/A[d'äum|moawG&JU ta&mifudk tm½Hk,lNyD; ta&mifuodkPf;awGudkyGm;rsm;tm;xkwfvnf; ½lyg0p&psmef (4)yg;vkH;udk &&SdEdkifygw,f/

(tbd-|-1-234/ rlv#D-1-106/ tH-|-3-245/ tH-#D-3-249/ Munfhyg/)


t*FkwådK&fygVdawmf 'ouedygwf yxraumovokwåef (tH-3-306/)

rSm bk&m;&Sifu ta&mifuokdPf;awGxJrSm Mo'gwuokdPf; (= tjzLa&mifuokdPf;)ukd tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;tjzpf a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/ 'gaMumifh tjzLa&mifuokdPf;u pNyD;awmh ajymMu&atmif ../

"mwfBuD; (4)yg;upNyD; t½kd;pkaum|mo ur®|mef;jzifh tqifhqifhorm"dukd xlaxmifyg/ t&yf (10)rsufESmrSm b,ft&yfukdrqkd Munfhvkdufwkdif; t½kd;pkcsnf; ÓPfrSm xifvmNyDqkdvQif tjzLa&mifuokdPf;ukdul;EkdifNyD/ tZÑwåt½kd;pk A[d'¨t½kd;pk - ESpfrsKd;xJu BudKuf&mu p½IEkdifygw,f/ A[d'¨u p½IykHukdyJ ykHpHxkwfum ajymMu&atmif .../

rdrd&JUa&SUwnfhwnfhrSm rdrdukd ausmay;umxkdifaewJh a,m*DwpfOD;&JhODacgif;cGHukd tm½kH,lMunfhyg/ tJ'D OD;acgif;cGH&JU jzLaewJhoabmukd tm½kH,lum ]]tjzL tjzL}}vkdY ½Iyg/ ykdaumif;wJhpepfuawmh --

1/ "mwfBuD; (4)yg;ukd tm½kH,lum orm"dukd jyefxlaxmifyg/

2/ vif;a&mifjcnfrsm; tm;aumif;vmaomtcg tZÑwå (32)aum|moç rdrda&SUwnfhwnfh&Sd a,m*D&JU (32)aum|mowkdYukd tZÑwåwpfvSnfh A[d'¨wpfvSnfh (2)acguf (3)acguf ½IMunfhyg/

3/ tJ'D a,m*D&JU t½kd;pkaum|moukd tm½kH,lum y#dulvoabmtm;jzifh ]]&GHp&m &GHp&m}}vkdY ½Iyg/

4/ Oypm&psmeft*Fgrsm; xif&Sm;vmwJhtcg t½kd;pkaum|mouvnf;jzLvmwJhtcg txl;ojzifh OD;acgif;cGHukd tm½kH,lum - ]]Mo'gwMo'gw}}vkdY jzpfap ]]tjzL tjzL}}vkdY jzpfap ½Iyg/

tJ'Dvkd ½IvkdufwJhtcg t½kd;pkaum|mo aysmufNyD; tjzLa&mif t0ef;t0kdif;oufoufom usefaevQif tJ'DtjzLrSmyJ bm0empdwfukd Nidrf0yfpGm


uyfNyD; wnfaeatmif BudK;pm;um ]]tjzL tjzL}}vYkdyJ ½Iaeyg/ 'DtjzLa&mifuokdPf;0ef;rSm tenf;qkH; wpfem&Davmuf bm0empdwfukd Nidrf0yfpGm uyfNyD;wnfaeatmif BudK;pm;EkdifvkdY tjzLa&mifuokdPf;0ef;uMunfawmufvmNyDqkdvQif y#dbm*edrdwfokdY qkdufNyDjzpfw,f/ Oypm&orm"de,fajrokdYvnf; qkdufNyDjzpfw,f/

tJ'D Oypm&orm"de,fajrrSmvnf; uokdPf;0ef;ukd jzefYMuufvkdujzefYMuufEkdifw,f/ 'grSr[kwf qufNyD; orm"dukd xlaxmifvkdu xlaxmifEkdifw,f/ tJ'Dvkd orm"dukd qufvufxlaxmifwJhtcg &Hcgbm0empdwfu tjzLa&mifuokdPf; y#dbm*edrdwftm½kHxJrSm epfjrKyfNyD;oGm;vdrfhr,f/ 'Dvkd epfjrKyfouf0ifNyD; wnfaewJh tykdif;uawmh tyÜempsmeform"dykdif;jzpfygw,f/ tJ'D tyÜempsmeform"dykdif;rSmvnf; uokdPf;0ef;ukd jzefYMuufvkdu jzefYMuufEkdifw,f/

uokdPf;0ef;ukd jzefYMuufyg

bmaMumifh uokdPf;0ef;ukd jzefYMuuf&ovJvkdYar;vQif orm"d MumjrihfpGm &SnfjrifhpGm wnfwHhzkdY&eftwGuf jzefYMuufjcif; jzpfw,f/ 'DvkduokdPf;0ef;ukd jzefYMuufwJhtykdif;rSm wpfvufr okdYr[kwf ESpfvufrokdYr[kwf okH;vufrponfjzifh ykdif;jcm;NyD;awmh t0ef;t0kdif;wpfckvkH;udkjyefYatmif jzefYMuufyg/ Oyrm ]]okH;vufrjyefYygap}}qkdNyD; t0kdif;twkdif;jyefYatmif jzefYMuufyg/ uokdPf;0ef;u vIyf&Sm;vmvQif ]]tjzL tjzL}}[kquf½Ium orm"dukd jyefxlaxmifyg/ uokdPf;0ef;u NidrfoufvmvkdYMunfvifawmufyvmNyDqkdvQif tvm;wl ]]okH;vufrjyefYygap}} qdkNyD;xyfjzefYMunfhyg/ 'Denf;twkdif; ... orm"dukd jyefxlaxmifvkdufuokdPf;0ef;ukdjzefYvkduf jyKvkyfyg/ t&yf q,frsufESm b,ft&yfukdrqkdMunfhvkdufvQif Munfhvkdufwkdif; tjzLcsnf;awGUatmif tqkH;tpr&SdjzLaeatmif jzefYMuufyg/


t&yf q,frsufESm b,ft&yfrSmrqkd jzLaeNyD? tqkH;tpr&Sd jzefYMuufvkdY &NyDqkdvQif -- tjzLa&mif wdkufeH&Hwpfae&mrSm OD;xkyfwpfvHk;udk csdwfxm;ovkd -- tjzLa&mifuokdPf;wpfae&mrSm bm0empdwfukdNidrf0yfpGm uyfxm;um ]]tjzL tjzL}}vkdY quf½Iaeyg/ tjzLa&miftm½kHrSmorm"dukd ckdifjrJatmif qufvufxlaxmifyg/ wpfem&D ESpfem&D okH;em&Dponfjzifh ..bm0empdwfu tjzLa&mif tm½kHxJrSm epfjrKyfaeatmifBudK;pm;yg/ orm"du ESpfem&DokH;em&Davmuftxd ckdifcHhaeNyD? tjzLa&miftm½kHxJrSm epfjrKyfaeNyD? tjzLa&miftm½kHuvnf; awmufavQmuf MunfawmufaeNyD? bm0empdwfuvnf; yHsUvGifhrI vkH;vkH;r&Sdawmhbl;qkdvQiftJ'Dorm"dudk xkdifwkdif;&atmif ESpf&uf okH;&ufcefY avhusifhyg/ tJ'DtcsdeftcgrSm psmeft*Fgig;yg;[mvnf; pGrf;tm;awG jynfh0pkHvifpGmjzifha,m*D&JU ÓPf0rSm xif&Sm;aeygvdrfhr,f/

yxrpsmef - psmeft*Fgig;yg;

1/ 0dwuf0dwuf0dwuf0dwuf0dwuf ===== tjzLa&mifuokdPf; y#dbm*edrdwftm½kHay:okdY pdwfukda&S;½SLwifay;jcif;oabm?

2/ 0dpm&0dpm&0dpm&0dpm&0dpm& ===== tjzLa&mifuokdPf; y#dbm*edrdwftm½kHukd xyfumxyfum okH;oyfqifjcifjcif;oabm?

3/ yDwdyDwdyDwdyDwdyDwd ===== tjzLa&mifuokdPf; y#dbm*edrdwftm½kHukd ESpfoufaejcif;oabm?

4/ okcokcokcokcokc ===== tjzLa&mifuokdPf; y#dbm*edrdwftm½kH\ t&omukdcsrf;csrf;omom okH;aqmifcHpm;aejcif;oabm?

5/ {u*¾wm{u*¾wm{u*¾wm{u*¾wm{u*¾wm ===== tjzLa&mifuokdPf; y#dbm*edrdwftm½kH wpfckwnf;ay:okdY pdwfusa&mufwnfNidrfaejcif;oabm

= orm"d?


'Dpsmeft*Fgig;yg;wkdY[m pGrf;tifjynfh0pGmjzifh jzpfay:aeygvdrfhr,f/tjzLa&mifuokdPf; y#dbm*edrdwftm½kHxJrSm bm0empdwfu vIyf&Sm;rIvkH;0r&SdawmhbJ epfjrKyfaejcif;ukdyJ psmef0ifpm;w,fvkdY ac:qdkygw,f/tenf;qkH; wpfem&Davmuf psmef0ifpm;NyD;wJhtcg psmefrSxum b0ifraemtMunfukd odrf;qnf;NyD; tJ'D b0ifraemtMunfrSm tjzLa&mifuokdPf; y#dbm*edrdwfu a&S;½SLusa&mufvmwJhtcg xifaewJhtcgpsmeft*Fg ig;yg;ukd odrf;qnf;yg/ atmifjrifrI&ygu 0oDabmf ig;wefEkdifeif;atmif avhusifhyg/

'kwd,psmef

rdrd&&Sdxm;NyD;wJh yxrpsmefukd 0oDabmf ig;wef Ekdifeif;atmif avhusifhNyD;wJhtcg 'kwd,psmefukd ul;csifw,fqkdvQif a&S;OD;pGm rdrd &&Sdxm;wJhyxrpsmefukd tenf;qkH; wpfem&Davmuf jyef0ifpm;yg/ psmefrSxwJhtcg'Dvkd qifjcifyg/ --

1/ 'Dyxrpsmeformywf[m eD0&PpdwftnpftaMu;awGukd y,fcGmwJhae&mrSm a&S;OD;yxrjzpfwJhtwGuf eD;uyfwJh eD0&P&efol &Sdw,f/

2/ tjzLa&mifuokdPf; y#dbm*edrdwftm½kHay:okdY bm0empdwfukd a&S;½SLwifay;&jcif; 0dwufç tjzLa&mifuodkPf; y#dbm*edrdwftm½kHukdxyfumxyfum okH;oyfqifjcif&jcif; 0dpm&qkdwJh 'Dpsmeft*Fg ESpfyg;[m NidrfoufrIorm"dukd tvkd&Sdaom yk*¾dKvftzkdY pdwf&JUMurf;wrf;wJJhtrlt&m wpfrsKd;jzpfaew,f/ ½kefY&if;Murf;wrf;wJh t&m0w¬KqkdwmjyefYajymBuD;rm;aomfvnf; tumuJhokdY vG,fulpGm usKd;ysufEkdifw,f/'gaMumifh 'Dpsmeft*FgawG[m tm;enf;w,f/ 'Dvdk ESvkH;oGif;yg/

3/ yDwd-okc-{u*¾wm ac:wJh psmeft*Fg (3)yg;&SdwJh 'kwd,psmefukdNidrfoufwJhw&m;vkdY ESvkH;oGif;yg/


4/ yxrpsmefukd tvkdr&SdwJhpdwfxm;ç 'kwd,psmefukd tvkd&SdwJhpdwfxm;ESifh tjzLa&mifuokdPf; y#dbm*edrdwfukdyJ tm½kH,lum orm"dukdqufvufxlaxmifyg/

'Dvkdorm"dukd jyefxlaxmifvkdufvQif yxrpsmefokdYyJ wpfzefjyefqkdufoGm;vdrfhr,f/ yxrpsmefrSxum psmeft*FgawGukd qifjcifvkdufwJhtcg

1/ 0dwuf 0dpm&wkdYukd ½kefY&if;aomtm;jzifhç

2/ yDwd okc {u*¾wmwkdYukd Nidrfoufaomtm;jzifh --

todÓPfrSm xifvmvdrfhr,f/ tJ'Dtcg ½kefY&if;wJh psmeft*FgawGukdy,f&Sm;Edkifa&;ç NidrfoufwJh yDwd-okc-{u*¾wmwkdYukd &&Sda&;twGuftjzLa&mifuokdPf; y#dbm*edrdwfukdyJ tm½kH,lum ]]tjzL tjzL}}vdYk½Iumorm"dukd qufvufxlaxmifyg/ tjzLa&mifuokdPf; y#dbm*edrdwftm½kHrSm bm0empdwfu Nidrf0yfpGmuyfNyD;wnfvmwJhtcg ]]tjzL tjzL}}vkdYpdwfu r&GwfqdkawmhbJ tjzLa&mifuokdPf; y#dbm*edrdwfukdyJ pkdufNyD;½Iaeyg/ tjzLa&mifuokdPf; y#dbm*edrdwf tm½kHxJrSm bm0empdwfuxyfNyD; epfjrKyfoGm;ygvdrfhr,f/ 0dwuf-0dpm&wkdY jyKwfoGm;wmç yDwd-okc-{u*¾wmqkdwJh psmeft*Fg (3)yg;yJ usef&Sdwmukd a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfuodaeygvdrfhr,f/

]]tjzL tjzL}}vkdY pdwfu&GwfqdkrI

0dwuú0dpm&m 0pDocFga&m/ y / ykaAÁ acg *[ywd 0dwauúwGm0dpma&wGm ypäm 0gpH bdE´wd? wo®m 0dwuú0dpm&m 0pDocFga&m/

(oH-2-483/)

a&S;OD;pGm MuHpnfqifjcifNyD;rS pum;oHu aemufrS jzpfay:vmw,f/'gaMumifh 0dwuf-0dpm&awG[m pum;oH jzpfay:vmatmif jyKjyifay;aewJh 0pDocFg&w&m;awG jzpfMuw,f/ 'DygVdawmfrsm;twkdif;yJ a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu tjzLa&mifuokdPf; y#dbm*edrdwfukd tm½kH,lNyD;awmh ]]tjzL


tjzL}}vkdY pdwfu &GwfqkdESvkH;oGif;aewJhtcg ]]tjzL tjzL}} qkdwJh pum;oHuav;awG jzpfay:vmatmif jyKjyifay;aewJh 0dwuf-0dpm&wkdY[m jyKwfroGm;Ekdif &Sdwwfw,f/ 'DtcsdeftcgrSm pum;oH ay:rvmayrJhvkdY ]]tjzLtjzL}}vkdY pdwfu&GwfqkdzkdY&ef a&S;OD;pGm MuHpnfqifjcifrI (= 0dwuf-0dpm&)uawmh &Sdaeygw,f/ 'gaMumifh 'D 'kwd,psmefukd ul;awmhrnfhqJqJa&mufNyDqkdvQif ]]tjzL tjzL}}vkdY pdwfu r&GwfqkdzkdYukdawmh owdjyKyg/

wwd,psmef

'kwd,psmefukd atmifatmifjrifjrif a&muf&SdoGm;NyDqkdvQif tJ'D'kwd,psmefukdvnf; 0oDabmfig;wef Ekdifeif;atmif avhusifhyg/ 'Dvkd0oDabmfig;wef Ekdifeif;atmif avhusifhwJhtykdif;rSmawmh yxrpsmefrSmcyfMumMumraeawmhbJ wpfrdepfESpfrdepfavmufom aeNyD;awmh 'kwd,psmefrSmom cyfMumMumaeEkdifatmif BudK;pm;yg/ 'kwd,psmefrSm ESpfem&DokH;em&D ponfjzifh aeEkdifatmif avhusifhyg/

a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu wwd,psmefukd ul;csifw,fqkdvQif yxrpsmefrSmwpfrdepf ESpfrdepfavmufç 'kwd,psmefrSm wpfem&Davmuf aeNyD;wJhtcgt0g;0pGm EkdifEkdifeif;eif; avhusifhxm;tyfwJh 'D'kwd,psmefrS xNyD;awmhqifjcifyg/ b,fvkd qifjcif&rvJ¿ --

1/ 'D'kwd,psmeformywfonf 0dwuf-0dpm&qkdwJh eD;uyfwJh &efol&Sdw,f/

2/ 'D'kwd,psmefrSm&SdwJh yDwdukd ]]xif&Sm;ay:vGifvGef;wJhtwGuf pdwfukdvIyf&Sm;apwwfwJh ½keYf&if;Murf;wrf;wJhw&m;}}vkdY bk&m;&Sifu a[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJhtwGuf yDwd&JU ½kefY&if;Murf;wrf;rIaMumifh psmeft*FgawGu tm;enf;vSw,f/

3/ 'Dvkd 'kwd,psmef&JU tjypfukd jrifatmif ½Iyg/ 'Dvkd ½INyD;wJhtcg -


okc {u*¾wmac:wJh psmeft*FgESpfyg;&SdwJh wwd,psmefukd NidrfoufwJhw&m;vkdY ESvkH;oGif;yg/

4/ tJ'Dvkd ESvkH;oGif;NyD;wJhtcg 'kwd,psmefukd tvkdr&SdwJh pdwfxm;wwd,psmefukd tvkd&SdwJh pdwfxm;ESifh tjzLa&mifuokdPf; y#dbm*edrdwfukdyJ tm½kH,lum orm"dukd qufvufxlaxmifyg/

tJ'Dvkd qifjcifNyD; orm"dukd xlaxmifvkdufwJhtcg 'kwd,psmefukdyJwpfzefjyefqkdufoGm;vdrfhr,f/ 'kwd,psmefrSxNyD; owdorÜZOf jynfhjynfhpkHpkHESifh yDwd-okc-{u*¾wmac:wJh psmeft*FgawGukd qifjcifvkdufwJhtcgyDwdukd ½kefY&if;Murf;wrf;wJh oabmtm;jzifh ÓPfrSm xifvmvdrfhr,f/okc-{u*¾wmukdvnf; NidrfoufwJhoabmtm;jzifh xifvmvdrfhr,f/

tJ'Dtcg ½kefY&if;Murf;wrf;wJh yDwdukd y,f&Sm;Ekdifa&;twGufç NidrfoufwJh okc-{u*¾wmqkdwJh psmeft*Fg ESpfyg;&SdwJh wwd,psmefukd &&Sd&eftwGuf tjzLa&mifuokdPf; y#dbm*edrdwfukdyJ qufvufNyD; tm½kH,lum ESvkH;oGif;aeyg/ orm"dukd qufvufxlaxmifyg/

rMumrD tcsdeftwGif;rSmyJ tjzLa&mifuodkPf; y#dbm*edrdwftm½kHrSm epfjrKyfNyD; NidrfoufaewJh orm"dtqifhokdY qkdufa&mufoGm;ygvdrfhr,f/yDwdr&SdwJh okc-{u*¾wmac:wJh psmeft*FgESpfyg;om&SdwJh wwd,psmefokdYqkdufoGm;ygvdrfhr,f/ 'Dwwd,psmefukdvnf; 0oDabmfig;wef Ekdifeif;atmif xyfNyD; avhusifhyg/

pwkw¬psmefwwd,psmefukd 0oDabmfig;wef Ekdifeif;atmif avhusifhNyD;wJhtcg

pwkw¬psmefukd ul;vkdu yxrpsmefrSm wpfrdepf ESpfrdepfavmufç 'kwd,psmefrSmvnf; wpfrdepf ESpfrdepfavmuf aeNyD;wJhtcg wwd,psmefrSmwpfem&Davmuf aeNyD;awmh t0g;0pGm avhvmtyfNyD;wJh 'Dwwd,psmefrSxum 'Dvkd qifjcifay;yg/


1/ 'Dwwd,psmef ormywf[m yDwdqkdwJh eD;uyfwJh &efol&Sdw,f/

2/ okcukd ½kefY&if;Murf;wrf;wJh psmeft*Fgwpfcktjzpf bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJhtwGuf okc&JU ½kefY&if;Murf;wrf;rIaMumifh psmeft*FgawG[m tm;enf;w,f/ 'Dpsmef[mvnf; ysufpD;vG,fwJhoabm&Sdw,f/

3/ 'Dvkd wwd,psmef&JU tjypfa'goukd jrifatmif ½Ium Oayu©m-{u*¾wm ac:wJh psmeft*FgESpfyg;&SdwJh pwkw¬psmefukd NidrfoufwJhpsmef[k ESvkH;oGif;yg/

4/ tJ'Dvkd ESvkH;oGif;NyD;wJhtcg wwd,psmefukd tvkdr&SdwJh pdwfxm;çpwkw¬psmefukd tvkd&SdwJh pdwfxm;ESifh tjzLa&mifuokdPf; y#dbm*edrdwfukdyJ tm½kH,lum orm"dukd qufvufxlaxmifyg/

'Dvkd orm"dukd xlaxmifvkdufwJhtcg rMumrD tcsdefumvtwGif;rSmyJ tjzLa&mifuokdPf; y#dbm*edrdwf tm½kHrSm epfjrKyfouf0ifumNidrf0yfpGmwnfaewJhç okcjyKwfoGm;NyD; Oayu©m-{u*¾wm psmeft*FgESpfyg;om&SdwJh pwkw¬psmefukd qkdufa&mufoGm;ygvdrfhr,f/ 'Dpwkw¬psmeform"dukdvnf; 0oDabmfig;wef Ekdifeif;atmif qufvuf avhusifhyg/tjzLa&mifuokdPf;rSm pwkw¬psmeform"dtxd atmifatmifjrifjrif½IEkdifvQif tndKa&mifuokdPf;ukd ajymif;EkdifNyD/

tndKa&mifuokdPf;

tndKa&mifuokdPf; ½Icsifw,fqkdvQif a&S;a&S;orm"dukd tajccHNyD;awmh aemufaemuform"dukd ul;chJvQif vsifvsifjrefjref atmifjrifrIukd&EkdifwJhtwGuf a&S;OD;pGm "mwfBuD; (4)yg;ukd jyef½Iyg/ (32)aum|moukdjyef½Iyg/ NyD;awmh tjzLa&mifuokdPf;ukd pwkw¬psmeform"dqkdufatmifjyef½Iyg/ tJ'D pwkw¬psmefrSxum rdrd&JU a&SUwnfhwnfhrSm&SdwJh a,m*D


yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;&JU qHyifaum|moukd vSrf;NyD; tm½kH,lyg/

olU&JUqHyifu ndKaew,fqdkvQif tJ'DtndKa&mifudk tm½Hk,lNyD;awmh]]tndK tndK}}vdkY ESvHk;oGif;&w,f/ ]]tndK tndK}}vdkY ESvHk;oGif;vdkufNyDqdkvdkY&SdvQif qHyifaysmufNyD;awmh tndKa&mift0ef;t0dkif; uodkPf;0ef;ay:vmwwfygw,f/

tJ'DuodkPf;0ef;rSm bm0empdwfudk Nidrf0yfpGmuyfNyD;awmh xm;&w,f/ uyfvdkufNyDqdkvdkY&SdvQif qHyifawGtm;vHk; aysmufNyD;awmh tndKa&mif t0ef;t0dkif; uodkPf;0ef;[m ndKNyD;awmh awmufyvmygvdrfhr,f/

tJ'Dvdk ndKNyD;awmh awmufyvmwJh tcsdeftcgrSm bm0empdwfudktenf;qHk; wpfem&Davmufawmh Nidrf0yfpGm uyfNyD; wnfaeatmifavhusifh&ygw,f/

avhusifhvdkufvdkY 'DuodkPf;0ef;u MunfvifawmufyvmNyDqdkwJhtcsdeftcgrSm uodkPf;0ef;udk ydkif;jcm;NyD;awmh jzefY&w,f/ rdrd&JUÓPfpGrf;tm;ESifh EdIif;csdefNyD; jzefY&w,f/ ywfywfvnf t0ef;t0dkif;udk tm½kH,lNyD;jznf;jznf;csif; ydkif;jcm;jzefY&w,f/ Oyrm - ]]oHk;vufr t0dkif;ywfvnfjyefYygap}}vdkY ydkif;jcm;t"d|mefjyKNyD; jzefY&w,f/ tu,fí rjyefYcJhvQif]]ESpfvufr jyefYygap}} odkYr[kwf ]]wpfvufr jyefYygap}}vdkY 'Dvdk ydkif;jcm;NyD;jzefY&w,f/

tJ'Dvdk jzefYvdkufwJhtcgrSm jyefYoGm;vdkY&SdvQiff enf;enf;vIyfvmwwfw,f/ vIyfNyDqdkvdkY&SdvQif Nidrfatmif jyefNyD;awmh ]]tndK tndK}}vdkY ½I&w,f/ NidrfvmvQif aemufxyf tvm;wl xyfjzefY&w,f/

tJ'Dvdk½I&muaeNyD;awmh aemufawmh ÓPfu xufvmNyDqdkvQif]]wpfayjyefYygap wpfawmifjyefYygap wpfvHjyefYygap}} ponfjzifh ydkif;jcm;NyD; wjznf;jznf; jzefYvdkufvQif t&yfq,frsufESmtm;vHk; jyefYoGm;&r,f/


jyefYoGm;NyDqdkvdkY&SdvQif - eH&HwpfckrSm OD;xkyfav; csdwfqGJxm;ovdk- tJ'DtndKa&mifuodkPf;&JU rdrdBudKufwJh wpfae&mavmufrSm bm0empdwfuav;udk Nidrf0yfpGmuyfNyD;awmh ]]tndK tndK}}vdkY ½Iae&w,f/

tJ'DtcgrSm bm0empdwfonf 'DtndKa&mifuodkPf;0ef;rSm Nidrf0yfpGm uyfNyD; wnfaevdrfhr,f/ tJ'DuodkPf;0ef;rSm wpfem&Davmufbm0emorm"dudk Nidrf0yfpGm uyfNyD;wnfaeatmif BudK;pm;&w,f/atmifjrifNyD? wpfem&DcGJ ESpfem&D ponfjzifh avhusifhwJhtwdkif; atmifjrifNyDqdkvQifawmh xdktcsdefrSm psmeft*Fgig;yg; xif&Sm;vmwwfygw,f/

1/ 0dwuf = tndKa&mifuodkPf;y#dbm*edrdwftm½Hkay:odkY pdwfudka&S;½SLwifay;aejcif;oabm?

2/ 0dpm& = tndKa&mifuodkPf;y#dbm*edrdwftm½Hkudk xyfumxyfum oHk;oyfqifjcifaejcif;oabm?

3/ yDwd = tndKa&mifuodkPf;y#dbm*edrdwftm½Hkudk ESpfoufaejcif;oabm?

4/ okc = tndKa&mifuodkPf; y#dbm*edrdwftm½Hk\ t&omudkcsrf;csrf;omom cHpm;aejcif;oabm?

5/ {u*¾wm = tndKa&mifuodkPf; y#dbm*edrdwftm½Hk wpfckwnf;ay:odkY pdwfusa&mufwnfNidrfaejcif;oabm --

oabmw&m; ig;ck psmeft*Fgig;yg; xif&Sm;vmygw,f/ 'Dpsmefudkvnf; 0oDabmf ig;wef Edkifeif;atmif avhusifh&w,f/

psmeft*FgawGudk tcsdefra&G; qifjcifvdkY&atmif avhusifh&w,f/psmefudk tcsdefra&G; 0ifpm;vdkY&atmif avhusifh&w,f/psmefrSm aecsifoavmuf aeEdkifatmif avhusifh&w,f/psmefrS tcsdefra&G; xEdkifatmif avhusifh&w,f/


atmifjrifrI &NyD? t"d|mefwJhtwdkif; atmifjrifNyD qdkvdkY&SdvQifawmh'kwd,psmefudk ul;Edkifw,f/

'D uodkPf; y#dbm*edrdwfudkyJ 0dwuf 0dpm& jyKwfcsifwJhpdwfESifhpdkufMunfhvdkuf? 0dwuf 0dpm& jyKwfoGm;vdrfhr,f/ yDwd okc {u*¾wmpsmeft*Fg oHk;yg;&SdwJh 'kwd,psmef qdkufr,f/

tJ'D'kwd,psmefudk qdkufNyDqdkwJh olawmfaumif;uvnf; wwd,psmeful;csifw,fqdkvQifawmh 'D'kwd,psmefudk 0oDabmfig;wefEdkifeif;atmifjyefNyD;awmh avhusifh&ygw,f/

avhusifhNyD;wJhtcsdeftcgrSm ]]yDwd}} ESpfoufvQifvnf; pdwfu vIyf&Sm;aeao;wJhtwGuf ½kefY&if;Murf;wrf;aeao;w,f? okc-{u*¾wmavmufrNidrfoufbl;/ okc-{u*¾wm psmeft*Fg ESpfyg;&SdaewJh wwd,psmefuawmh ydkNyD;Nidrfoufw,fqdkNyD;awmh 'kwd,psmefudk tvdkr&SdwJhpdwfxm;wwd,psmefudk vdkcsifwJhpdwfxm;jzifh 'DuodkPf;y#dbm*edrdwfudk pdkufMunfhae&w,f? rrSwfESifhawmh/

pdkufMunfhaevdkufNyDqdkvdkY&SdvQifawmh .. yDwd jyKwfoGm;r,f? okc{u*¾wmac:wJh psmeft*FgESpfyg;yJ usefr,f? wwd,psmefudk qdkufNyD/

tJ'Dwwd,psmefudkawmh 0oDabmfig;wef Edkifeif;atmif avhusifhNyD;wJh tcsdeftcgrSm xdkyk*¾dKvfu okcudk tvdkr&SdwJhpdwfxm;? ydkNyD; NidrfoufaewJh Oayu©mudk tvdk&SdwJhpdwfxm;? Oayu©m {u*¾wm psmeft*Fg ESpfyg;&SdwJh pwkw¬psmefudk vdkcsifwJhpdwfxm;jzifh 'DuodkPf;y#dbm*edrdwfudkpdkufNyD;MunfhaecJhaomf okcjyKwfNyD;awmh okcae&mrSm Oayu©m {u*¾wmac:wJh psmeft*FgESpfyg; 0ifvmvdrfhr,f/

tJ'Dpwkw¬psmefudk a&muf-ra&muf txl;jcm;qHk; trSwftom; wpfckuawmh toufr½SLjcif;yJ jzpfygw,f/ pwkw¬psmefrSm wpfem&DNidrfvQif


wpfem&DvHk; touf r½SLbl;? ESpfem&DNidrfvQif ESpfem&DvHk;vHk; toufr½SLbl;/ touf½SLaeao;w,fqdkvQifawmh xdkyk*¾dKvfonf pwkw¬psmefudk rqdkufao;bl;yJ/

tJ'D pwkw¬psmeform"dudk cdkifcHhatmif avhusifhNyD;wJhtcsdeftcgrSmxdkyk*¾dKvfonf usefwJhta&mifuodkPf;awG ul;vdkY &ygw,f/

t0ga&mifuodkPf;

Oyrm - usifi,fqdkMuygpdkY? a&SUuxdkifaewJh yk*¾dKvf&JU usifi,f?odkYr[kwf tqDcJaygh? vSrf;NyD;pdkuf½IvdkY&SdvQif 0gaew,f/ tJ'Dt0ga&mifudk tm½Hk,lNyD;awmh ]]t0g t0g}}vdkY½I? tqDcJaysmufNyD; t0ga&mif t0dkif;t0ef; jzpfvmvdrfhr,f/

tJ'D t0ga&mifukdvnf; ckeuvdk t&yf q,frsufESm wdkifatmifjzefYvdkuf? jzefYNyD;wJhtcg 'Dt0ga&mifuodkPf;rSmvnf; bm0empdwfudkNidrf0yfpGm uyfNyD; ½IvdkufvQif ckeu tndKa&mifrSmvdkyJ yxrpsmef 'kwd,psmef wwd,psmef pwkw¬psmeform"dtxd aygufEdkifw,f/

pOf;pm;Munfhprf;µ 'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awG ...'DusifBuD;usifi,fqdkwm tifrwef &GH&SmpufqkyfzG,f raumif;bl;vm;¿ aumif;ygw,f/ 'Davmuf &GH&SmpufqkyfzG,f aumif;aewJh 'DusifBuD; usifi,fxJu bm0emqdkwJh tESpfudk xkwfNyD; ,lwwfr,fqdkvQif 'Dpsmeform"dawGudk r&Edkifbl;vm;¿ &Edkifw,f? 'g bmaMumifh &ovJ¿ pdwfudkavhusifhwmyJ? pdwf&JUpGrf;tifawGudk xkwfNyD;awmh toHk;csaewmyJ/

'Dpdwfudk rD;zdkacsmifxJrSmyJ csmvywfvnf toHk;csvQifvnf; 'Dpdwf[m rD;zdkacsmifxJu xGufOD;rvm;¿ rxGufygbl;aemf/

'Dpdwfudk avhusifhay;vdkufvdkY&SdvQif wefcdk;tmedoif xufrvmbl;vm;¿ xufvmr,f? pdwfpGrf;tifyJ/


'gaMumifh 'Dpdwfonf ck w&m;a[maewJhyk*¾dKvfrSmvnf; &Sdw,f/w&m;emaewJhyk*¾dKvfawGrSmvnf; 'Dpdwf r&Sdbl;vm;¿ &Sdw,f/ 'Dpdwfudkwefcdk;tmedoifxufjrufatmif avhusifhvQif usifhvdkYr&bl;vm;¿ &Edkifygw,f? pGrf;tm;awG &Sdw,f/

teDa&mifuodkPf;

uJt0ga&mifuodkPf;NyD;awmh teDa&mif/ teDa&mifuodkPf;qdkvQifawmh tJ'D a&SUwnfhwnfhxdkifaewJhyk*¾dKvf&JUaoG; qdkMuygpkdYaemf/

tlawG tonf;awGab;rSm tdkifaewJhaoG;awGvnf; &Sdwwfygw,f/ESvkH;tdrf&JU twGif;rSm 0yfaewJhaoG;vnf; &Sdwwfygw,f? vnfywfaewJhaoG;yJ/ BudKufwJhaoG;udk vSrf;NyD;pdkuf½Ivdkufyg/

pdkufNyD;awmh 'DaoG;&JU teDa&mifudk tm½Hk,lNyD;awmh ]]teD teD}}vdkY½IMunfh/ aoG;aysmufNyD;awmh teDa&mift0ef;t0dkif; ay:vmr,f/

tJ'D teDa&mif t0ef;t0dkif;rSmvnf; bm0empdwfudk Nidrf0yfpGmuyfvdkYMunfvifawmufyvmNyDqdkvQif t&yfq,frsufESmwdkifatmifjzefYvdkuf/jzefYNyD;wJhtcg tJ'DrSmvnf; yxrpsmef 'kwd,psmef wwd,psmef pwkw¬psmef aygufatmif ½IEdkifw,f/

teDa&mifuodkPf;rSmvnf; pwkw¬psmef orm"daygufatmif ½IvdkYatmifjrifrI&NyDqdkvQif tjzLa&mifuodkPf;ukdvnf; a&S;uajymcJhwJhtwdkif; a&SUwnfhwnfha,m*D&JU OD;acgif;cHGt½kd;pk&JU tjzLa&mifukd tm½kH,lum tjzLa&mifuodkPf;ukd jyef½IMunfhyg/ pwkw¬psmeform"d qdkufatmif ½Iyg/ tm;vHk;aygif;vdkufawmh --

1/ eDvuodkPf; = tndKa&mifuodkPf;ç

2/ yDwuodkPf; = t0ga&mifuodkPf;ç


3/ avm[dwuodkPf; = teDa&mifuodkPf;ç

4/ Mo'gwuodkPf; = tjzLa&mifuodkPf; --

qdkwJh ta&mifuodkPf; (4)rsKd; jzpfygw,f/ uodkPf; (4)ckvkH;rSmpwkw¬psmeftxd aygufa&mufatmif Budrfzefrsm;pGm xyfumxyfum½Iyg/ tZÑwå aum|moawGudkvnf; ½IMunfhyg/ A[d' aum|moawGudkvnf; ½IMunfhyg? pwkw¬psmefudk qdkufEdkifonfom jzpfygw,f/onf;ajcwdkYvdk tvGefao;i,fwJh uodkPf;½kyfawGuvnf; pwkw¬psmeform"dodkYaygufatmif ½IvdkY&Edkifonfom jzpfygw,f/ wefcdk;tmedoif xufjrufpl;&Svmaom pdwf"mwf&JU pGrf;tifawG jzpfygw,f/ atmifjrifrI&&Sdygu

1/ tndKa&mifyef;yGifhç tndKa&mifydwfpç tndKa&mif ausmufwHk;pwJhtndKa&mif t&m0w¬Kwpfckukd tm½kH,lNyD; tndKa&mifuodkPf;udkyHkpHwlyJ ½IEdkifygw,f/

2/ t0ga&mifyef;yGifhç t0ga&mifydwfpç t0ga&mif ausmufwHk;ausmufcJpwJh t0ga&mif t&m0w¬Kwpfckudk tm½Hk,lNyD; t0ga&mifuodkPf;udkvnf; yHkpHwl ½IEdkifygw,f/

3/ teDa&mifyef;yGifhç teDa&mifydwfpç teDa&mif ausmufwHk;ausmufcJpwJh teDa&mif t&m0w¬Kwpfckudk tm½kH,lNyD; teDa&mifuodkPf;udkyHkpHwl ½IEkdifygw,f/

4/ tvm;wlyJ tjzLa&mif yef;wpfyGifhudkyJjzpfapç tjzLa&mif ydwfpwpfckudkyJ jzpfapç pusifausmufwdkYvdk tjzLa&mif ausmufwHk;wpfckudkyJjzpfap tm½kH,lNyD;awmhvnf; tjzLa&mifuodkPf;udk ½IEdkifygw,f/

b,ftndKa&mifudkrqdk b,ft0ga&mifudkrqdk b,fteDa&mifudkrqdkb,ftjzLa&mifudkrqdk tm½kH,lNyD;awmh uodkPf;y&durfudk pD;jzef;Edkif


ygw,f/ pdwf"mwfudk Edkifeif;atmif avhusifhxm;wJh olawmfaumif;ukdawGUawGUorQ jrifjriforQ ta&miftqif;awGu tm½kHtjzpf &yfwnfum pwkw¬psmeform"duJhodkYaom tqifhjrifhrm;wJh pdwf"mwfawG jzpfay:vmatmif tm&r®Pypö,owådESifh aus;Zl;jyKaernfom jzpfygw,f/

'Dvdk olawmfaumif;rsKd;udk twmul;wJh vwefcl;rSm yifvHk;uRwfyGifhaewJh ika&T0gyef;awGuvnf; t0ga&mifuodkPf;udk pD;jzef;zdkYtwGufqD;BudKaeMuygvdrfhr,f/ yifvHk;uRwf yGifhaewJh yef;ydawmufawGuvnf;tvm;wlyJ qD;BudKaeMuygvdrfhr,f/ a&Twd*HkapwDawmfwdkYvdk apwDawmfwpfqluvnf; t0ga&mifuodkPf;udk pD;jzef;aewJh olawmfaumif;udkt0ga&mifuodkPf;psmefawG jzpfay:vmatmif tm&r®Pypö,owådESifhaus;Zl;jyKay;Edkifonfom jzpfygw,f/

yx0DuodkPf; = ajruodkPf;

'Dvdk ta&mifuodkPf;av;rsKd;udk pwkw¬psmeform"dodkYqkdufatmifEdkifEdkifeif;eif; avhusifhxm;NyD;wJh olawmfaumif;[m yx0DuodkPf;ukdajymif;½Icsifw,fqdkvQif odyfvG,fuloGm;NyD jzpfygw,f/

yXrH psmeH 'kwd,ó psmeó Oyedó,ypöa,e ypöa,m/(y|me-1-145/)

ponfjzifh y|mef;a'oemawmf yO§m0g& Oyedó,ypönf;ydkif;rSmbk&m;&Sif a[mMum;xm;awmfrlonfhtwdkif; a&S;a&S;aom psmefawGuaemufaemufaom psmefawG (txuftxufaom psmefawG) jzpfay:vma&;twGuf tm;BuD;aomrSD&m Oyedó, (= yuwlyedó,) ypö,owådjzifh aus;Zl;jyKay;wJhtwGuf rdrd&&Sdxm;NyD;wJh psmefawGudk t&ifxlaxmifNyD;rS yx0DuodkPf;udk ul;r,fqdkvQif ydkvG,fulygw,f/

yx0DuodkPf;udk ½IcsifwJhyk*¾dKvf jyK&rSmu a&S;OD;pGm yuwdnDnmwJh


teDa&mif (= t½kPfa&mif) enf;enf;orf;aewJh ajray:rSm wpfayywfvnfcefY ajrt0ef;t0dkif;wpfckudk wkwfwpfckESifhjzpfap t&m0w¬KwpfckckESifh jzpfap puf0dkif;yHkoP²mef jyKvkyfyg/ t0ef;t0dkif;twGif;rSmjruf-opf&Guf-ausmufcJ-trdIufo½kdufrsm; r&Sdatmif z,f&Sm;vdkufyg/tJ'D t0ef;t0dkif;twGif;rSm &SdwJh ajrudk tm½kH,lNyD; yx0DuodkPf;udkpwifpD;jzef;&rSm jzpfw,f/

a&S;OD;pGm rdrd&&Sdxm;NyD;wJh tjzLa&mifuodkPf; y#dbm*edrdwfudktm½kH,lum pwkw¬psmeform"dodkYqdkufatmif orm"dudk jyefxlaxmifyg/yx0DuodkPf;udk rwfwwf&yfum Munfh½IvdkY &&SdEdkifwJhae&mrSm &yfwnfNyD;awmh rsufpdrSdwfum tjzLuodkPf;vQif tm½kH&SdwJh pwkw¬psmeform"dudk xlaxmif&ef jzpfygw,f/ tjzLuodkPf; pwkw¬psmefrSxum rdrdjyKjyifxm;wJh yx0DuodkPf;0ef;udk rsufvHk;udkzGifhum acwåpdkufMunfhum]]yx0D yx0D = ajr ajr}}[k ½Iyg/

ajrBuD;&JU Murf;wrf;cufrmwJh oabmudkawmh ESvHk;roGif;ygESifh/Murf;wrf;cufrmwJh oabmudk ESvHk;oGif;vdkufvQifawmh orm"djzpfvmwJhtcg a,m*D&JU wpfudk,fvHk;[m awmifhwif;ckdifrmaewwfygw,f/rcHomwJhtqifhxdaomfvnf; a&mufoGm;wwfygw,f/

'gaMumifh ajrqdkwJh ynwfudkyJ tm½kH,lum ]]yx0D yx0D}}vdkYjzpfap?]]ajr ajr}}vdkYyJjzpfap ½Iaeyg? ESvHk;oGif;aeyg/ twefMumvQif rsufpdudkwpfzefjyefrSdwfMunfhyg/ rsufpdrSdwfvdkufvdkY rlvajruodkPf;0ef;ESifh yHkwluodkPf;0ef;wpfckudk rdrd&JU tm½kHxJrSm awGUaeNyD? rSdwfxm;wJhrsufpdESifhxifxif&Sm;&Sm; jrifaeNyDqdkvQif tJ'D yHkwl uodkPf;0ef;xJrSmyJ rdrd&JUbm0empdwfudk uyfum orm"dudk qufvufxlaxmifyg/

tu,fí yHkwluodkPf;0ef;udk rsufpdrSdwfvdkufwJhtcg rjrifbl;qdkvQifrsufvHk;ukdzGifhum wpfzefjyefNyD;awmh tm½kH,lMunfhyg/ 'Dvdk zGifhwHkrSdwfwHk


jyKum edrdwfudk ,lcJhvQifawmh atmifjrifrIudk &&SdEdkifygw,f/ rdrd&JUrSdwfxm;wJhrsufpdESifh jrifae&wJh yx0DuodkPf;edrdwfu cdkifcHhvmNyDqdkvQifrdrdw&m;xdkifaeus ae&mudkoGm;um yx0DuodkPf;udk ½IEdkifNyD jzpfygw,f/

rdrdxdkifaeusae&mrSm xdkifNyD;awmh Mo'gwuodkPf; (= tjzLa&mifuodkPf;) udk tm½kH,lum pwkw¬psmefaygufatmif jyefNyD; orm"dudkxlaxmifyg/ pwkw¬psmeform"daMumifh jzpfay:vmwJh vif;a&mifjcnftultnDESifh rlvajruodkPf;0ef;udk jyeftm½Hk,lMunfhyg/ yHkwluodkPf;0ef;udk ÓPfxJrSm awGUjrifvmwJhtcg tJ'DuodkPf;0ef;rSm bm0empdwfudk uyfxm;um orm"dudk qufvufxlaxmifyg/

yx0DuodkPf;0ef;u MunfvifawmufyvmwJhtcg uodkPf;0ef;udkt&yf (10)rsufESmodkYwdkifatmif tqHk;tpr&Sdatmif teEÅpMu0VmodkYwdkifatmif jzefYMuufyg/ uodkPf;0ef;udk jzefYMuufNyD;wJhtcg uodkPf;0ef;&JU wpfae&mrSm tm½kHpdkufNyD; ]]yx0D yx0D}}vdkY ½Ium orm"dudk xlaxmifyg/ yxrpsmeform"d 'kwd,psmeform"d wwd,psmeform"d pwkw¬psmeform"drsm;udk tpOftwkdif; yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfyg/

tmayguodkPf; =tmayguodkPf; =tmayguodkPf; =tmayguodkPf; =tmayguodkPf; = a&uodkPf;

ckvdk tjcm;uodkPf;awGrSm pwkw¬psmef orm"dodkYqdkufatmif orm"dxlaxmifxm;EkdifwJh a,m*Dyk*¾dKvftzdkY tdk;cGuftwGif;rSm wnf&SdaewJha&çacsmif;xJ jrpfxJ a&wGif;xJrSm wnf&SdaewJha& - 'Da&tm;vHk;xJuwpfckckudk tm½kH,lum tmayguodkPf; (= a&uodkPf;)udk yGm;rsm;u&&SdEdkifygw,f/

[w¬dygvZmwfawmfrSm (Zmwu-|-4-483/) [w¬dygvowdkYom;[mawmxGufoGm;awmfrlcJhpOfu **Fgjrpfurf;yg;odkY qdkufa&mufwJhtcg


**Fgjrpfa&udkMunfhNyD; tmayguodkPf;udk pD;jzef;EdkifwJhtwGuf psmefawGudk&&SdaMumif;udk azmfjyxm;ygw,f/

a&wGif;xJrSm&SdwJha&udk edrdwf,lum tmayguodkPf;udk yGm;vdkuyGm;yg/ 'grSr[kwf oydwfxJrSm odkYr[kwf oifhawmfrnfh tenf;qHk;wpfayywfvnfavmuf&SdwJh cGufxJrSm a&xnfhNyD;awmh tJ'Da&udk edrdwf,lum tmayguodkPf;udk pD;jzef;yg/

'Dvdk pD;jzef;wJhtydkif;rSm yx0DuodkPf;wkef;u ajymcJhovdkyJ a&S;OD;pGmMo'gwuodkPf;jzifh pwkw¬psmeform"dtqifhtxd orm"dudk xlaxmifNyD;rS ckajymcJhwJh a&udk tmayguodkPf;edrdwftjzpf ,lum ]]O'uH-O'uH}}vdkYjzpfapç ]]a&-a&}}vdkYjzpfap pD;jzef;yg/ rsufpdudk zGifhwHkrdSwfwHkjyKvkyfum tmayguodkPf;edrdwfudk ,lMunfhyg/ edrdwfudk ,lvdkY&&SdcJhvQifyx0DuodkPf;wkef;u ajymcJhovdkyJ rdrdw&m;xdkifaeus ae&mudk oGm;NyD;awmh tmayguodkPf;ukd pD;jzef;Edkifygw,f/ pwkw¬psmeform"dodkYqdkufonfhwdkifatmif yGm;rsm;yg/ 'Dvdk tmayguodkPf;udk pD;jzef;wJhtydkif;rSm a&&JU at;jrwJh oabmvu©Pmudk ESvHk;roGif;ygESifh? tu,fíat;jrwJhobm0udk ESvHk;oGif;um a&uodkPf;ukd pD;jzef;cJhvQif orm"du&ifhusuf wdk;wufvmwJhtcg wpfudk,fvHk;rSm tat;"mwfawG 0ifvmum csrf;wkefvmwwfygw,f/

awaZmuodkPf; = rD;uodkPf;

aemufuodkPf;wpfckuawmh awaZmuodkPf; (= rD;uodkPf;) jzpfygw,f/ ckvdk orm"dt&Sdeft0g&aewJh olawmfaumif;tzdkY rD;awmufrD;vQHwpfckckudk tm½kH,lum awaZmuodkPf;udk pD;jzef;vdkufyguvnf; &EdkifwJhoabm &Sdygw,f/ t&ifwkef;u awmrD;avmifwmudk jrifcJhzl;vQifvnf;odkYr[kwf tdrfwpftdrfudk odkYr[kwf trIdufyHkwpfyHkudk rD;avmifwmudk


jrifxm;zl;vQifvnf; tJ'D rdrdawGUMuHKcJhzl;wJh jrifcJhzl;wJh rD;awmufrD;vQHudktm½kH,lum ½IvQifvnf; &&SdEdkifygw,f/ tcuftcJ&Sdygu ZvHkaygufuJhodkYaom t0ef;t0dkif;&SdwJh taygufwpfckudk ,laqmifNyD; rD;zdkacsmifrSmxrif;csufaewJh rD;yHk&Sd&modkY oGm;yg/ rD;bufudk t0ef;t0dkif;xm;umtJ'DZvHkaygufrS xdk;azmufNyD; jrif&wJhrD;udk tm½kHedrdwf&atmif ,lyg/

a&SUyx0DuodkPf;wkef;u ajymcJhovdkyJ b,frD;yHkudkrqdk tm½kHedrdwfr,lcifrSm orm"dudk tqifhqifh xlaxmifNyD;awmhrS edrdwfudk &atmif,lyg/ rD;uodkPf;edrdwfrSm rsufpdudk zGifhwkHrdSwfwkH jyKvkyfum edrdwfudk,lvdkY&cJhvQif rdrdw&m;xkdifaeus ae&mukdoGm;um ykHpHwlyJ pD;jzef;Edkifygw,f/ pwkw¬psmeform"dodkY qdkufonftxd tpOftwdkif; yGm;rsm;yg/'D rD;uodkPf;ukd pD;jzef;wJhae&mrSmvnf; rD;&JU ylwJhoabmudk ESvHk;roGif;ygESifh/ tu,fí ylwJhoabmukd ESvHk;oGif;um pD;jzef;cJhr,fqdkvQiform"d awmfawmfjzpfvmwJhtcgrSm rcHr&yfEdkifatmif ukd,frSm ylvmwwfygw,f/

0ga,muodkPf; =0ga,muodkPf; =0ga,muodkPf; =0ga,muodkPf; =0ga,muodkPf; = avuodkPf;

aemufuodkPf;wpfckuawmh 0ga,muodkPf; (= av-uodkPf;)jzpfygw,f/ av-uodkPf;udk yGm;csifwJh yk*¾dKvfu w&m;xdkifwJhtcgrSmrdrd&JU yg;jyifudk vmwdk;aewJh av-udk tm½kH,lum av-uodkPf;udkpwifpD;jzef;vnf; &Edkifygw,f/ 'grSr[kwfvnf; Mo'gwuodkPf;vrf;rSpwkw¬psmeform"dqdkufatmif orm"dudk xlaxmifNyD;wJhtcg tJ'D pwkw¬psmeform"d&JU pGrf;tm;aMumifh jzpfay:vmwJh tvif;a&mif tultnDudk,lum opfyifawG opfcufopf&GufawGudk vIyf&Sm;atmif wdkufcwfaewJhav-qdkwJh ynwfudk tm½kH,lMunfhyg/

'Dvdk tm½kH,lwJhtydkif;rSm avedrdwfudk pawGUprSm EGm;EdkYukd usKdcsufvdkufwJhtcg tdk;0rSxGufay:vmwJh tcdk;taiGUuJhodkYaom avedrdwfudk


pwifawGUwwfygw,f/ tJ'Dav-edrdwfudkyJ tm½kH,lum 0ga,muodkPf;ukd qufvufpD;jzef;yg/ MunfvifawmufyvmwJhtcg uodkPf;edrdwfudkjzefYMuufum pwkw¬psmeform"dodkY qdkufonftxd qufvufNyD; orm"dudk xlaxmifyg/

'D0ga,muodkPf;udk pD;jzef;wJhtydkif;rSmvnf; av-qdkwJhynwfudkomtm½kH,lNyD; pD;jzef;yg/ 'Dav&JU wGef;uef-axmufuefaewJhoabmudktm½kH,lNyD; rpD;jzef;ygESifh/ wGef;uefwJhoabmudk tm½kH,lNyD; pD;jzef;aecJhvQif orm"dtm;aumif;vmwJhtcg wpfudk,fvHk;rSm wkefvIyfaewwfygw,f/

tmavmuuodkPf; = tvif;a&mifuodkPf;

tm;vHk;aygif;vdkufvQif yx0DuodkPf;ç tmayguodkPf;ç awaZmuodkPf;ç 0ga,muodkPf;ç eDvuodkPf;ç yDwuodkPf;ç avm[dwuodkPf;ç Mo'gwuodkPf; - aygif; uodkPf; (8)yg; NyD;oGm;NyD/ 'DuodkPf;(8)yg;udk ckajymcJhwJh tpOftwkdif; xyfumxyfum uodkPf;wdkif;rSmpwkw¬psmeform"dodkY qdkufatmif tpOftwdkif; yGm;rsm;xm;yg/ atmifjrifrI &&Sdygu tmavmu-uodkPf;udk qufyGm;yg/

tmavmuuodkPf;udk ryGm;rD Mo'gwuodkPf;udk tm½kH,líjzpfapçtjcm;uodkPf; wpfckckudk tm½kH,líjzpfap pwkw¬psmef orm"dudk qdkufonftxd tpOftwdkif; orm"dudkxlaxmifyg/ tJ'Dpwkw¬psmefrS xwJhtcg rD;acsmif;wkdYvdk rD;oD;wdkYvdk rD;aMumifhjzpfay:vmwJh tvif;a&mifudkjzpfapç aea&mif va&mifudkyJjzpfap rsufpdzGifhum Munfhvsuf edrdwf,lEdkifygw,f/ tm;xkwfp yk*¾dKvfrsm;twGufuawmh eHeuf (7)em&D(8)em&D0ef;usifavmufrSm opfyifMum;rSmawGUEdkifwJh aea&mifudk vSrf;NyD;tm½kH,lum ½IEdkifvQif ydkaumif;ygw,f/


tJ'D tvif;a&mifedrdwfudk tm½kH,lvdkY &NyDqdkvQif rdrdw&m;xdkifaeusae&mrSm jyefNyD;w&m;xdkifum ckajymcJhwJh tvif;a&mifedrdwfudkyJ jyefNyD;tm½kH,lum tmavmuuodkPf;udk pD;jzef;yg/ uokdPf;0ef;u MunfvifawmufyvmwJhtcg uokdPf;0ef;ukd t&yf (10)rsufESmodkYwdkifatmifjzefYMuufum tpOftwdkif; pwkw¬psmeform"dodkY qdkufonfwdkifatmifyGm;rsm;yg/

tmumouodkPf; = aumif;uifuodkPf;

aemufuodkPf;wpfckuawmh tmumouodkPf; jzpfygw,f/ (10)vufr ywf0ef;usifavmuf&SdwJh ZvHkaygufwpfckudkjzpfapç opfom;jym;wpfckudk azmufxm;wJh taygufwpfckudkjzpfapç uwfxl puúLcsyfudkazmufxm;wJh taygufwpfckudkjzpfapç oydwfajcacGudkyJjzpfap rdk;om;wdrfwdkufwdkY uif;&Sif;wJh opfyif-opfcufpwJht½IyftaxG;awG uif;&Sif;wJh MunfvifwJhaumif;uifbufudk vufwpfzufjzifh ajr§mufcsDum tJ'Dt0ef;t0dkif;twGif;rSm&SdwJh tmumo (= tMum;tayguf = [if;vif;jyif) udk tm½kHedrdwf ,lMunfhyg/

rdrdudkifxm;wJh oydwfacGç opfom;ayguf odkYr[kwf ZvHkaygufwdkYudkxdk;azmufum cyfa0;a0; cyfvSrf;vSrf;odkY vSrf;rMunfhygESifh/ tu,fíxdktaygufuae xdk;azmufMunfhvdkuf&m opf&GufopfcufpwJh t&m0w¬Kwpfckckudk awGUae&vQif edrdwf,lwJhtcg xdkt&dyfrsm; vmxifaewwfygw,f/ 'gaMumifh rdrdvufESifh udkifajr§mufxm;wJh tmumot0ef;t0dkif;&JUwnfhwnfh v[mjyifrSm bmt&m0w¬KrQ r&SdbJ &Sif;aewmuawmh ydkaumif;ygw,f/ t0ef;t0dkif;twGif; tmumoudkom edrdwf,lyg/

tu,fí edrdwf,l&wm tcuftcJ&SdaevQifawmh uodkPf;wpfckckudk tm½kH,lum pwkw¬psmefodkY qdkufonfhwdkifatmif orm"dudk jyef


xlaxmifyg/ tJ'DpsmefrSxum wpfzef tmumoedrdwfudk tvm;wlyJjyef,lMunfhyg/ atmifjrifrIudk &&Sdygu rdrdw&m;xdkifaeus ae&mrSmjyefNyD;awmh ½IyGm;Edkifygw,f/ 'Dtmumoedrdwfudk jyeftm½kH,lvdkY &&SdvQifawmh 'Dedrdwfudk t&yf (10)rsufESmodkY jzefYyg/ teEÅpMu0VmtxdjzefYMuufMunfhyg/ uodkPf;udk jzefYMuufNyD;wJhtcg uodkPf;&JU wpfae&mrSm bm0empdwfudk uyfum pwkw¬psmeform"dodkYqdkufonftxd tpOftwdkif; pD;jzef;yg/

tm;vHk; uodkPf; (10)yg; pHknDoGm;ygNyD/ 'DuokdPf;awG yGm;rsm;wJhtydkif;rSm 0oDabmfawGudk psmefwdkif;rSm Edkifeif;atmif avhusifhzdkYawmhvdkygw,f/ tJ'Dvdk uodkPf; (10)yg;udk avhusifhvdkY pwkw¬psmeform"dqdkufonftxd uodkPf;wdkif;rSm aygufajrmufNyDqdkvQifawmh 'Da,m*Dyk*d¾Kvf[m bmudk qufNyD;yGm;rsm;&rvJ¿ t½lypsmefawGudk qufNyD;yGm;rsm;vdkY &EdkifygNyD/

tmumomeÍöm,wepsmef (tmumovQifwnf&mtm½kH&Sdaompsmef)

'DokwåefrSmuawmh .. pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;u psmeformywfawGudk tajccHNyD; eda&m"ormywf 0ifpm;EdkifwJhtqifhtxdBudK;yrf;xm;awmh bkef;BuD; 'Dn t½lypsmeftaMumif;udk enf;enf;a[may;r,faemf/

tJ'Dawmh - tjzLuodkPf;uyJ a[mMu&atmif/ 'Dawmh 'DtjzLuodkPf;udk pwkw¬psmeftxd orm"dqdkufatmif yGm;NyD;NyDqdkvQifawmhxdkyk*¾dKvfu t½lypsmeftxd wufr,fqdkvQif wufvdkY&w,f/ b,fvdkwufrvJvdkYar;vQifawmh ½kyfudk &GH&SmpufqkyfwJh pdwfxm; &SdzdkYawmhvdkw,f/

'DaeY Munfhaygh/ vlawG wpfa,mufESifh wpfa,muf owfMuw,fjzwfMuw,f/ bmjzpfvdkYvJ¿ 'D½kyfw&m; &SdaeMuvdkYyJ/


wpfa,mufESifhwpfa,muf &efjzpfMuw,f qJMuw,f Budrf;Muw,farmif;Muw,f/ bmjzpfvdkYvJ¿ 'D½kyfw&m; xif&Sm;&SdaevdkY/

rsufpda&m*g jzpfMuw,f? em;a&m*g jzpfMuw,f? ESmacgif;a&m*gjzpfMuw,f? tema&m*g trsKd;rsKd;awG jzpfMuw,f/ bmjzpfvdkYvJ¿ 'D½kyfw&m; xif&Sm;&SdaevdkYyJ/

tu,fí 'D½kyfw&m; xif&Sm;om r&SdcJhbl;qdkvQif 'Da&m*gtrsKd;rsKd;awG jzpfrvm;¿ rjzpfawmhbl;/ 'Dvdk wpfa,mufESifh wpfa,muf&efjzpfrIawG cdkuf&efa'gojzpfrIawG &SdOD;rvm;¿ r&Sdawmhbl;/

'D½kyfw&m;BuD; xif&Sm;&SdaevdkY t½dkufcHaeMu&wm? 'D½kyfw&m;BuD;om xif&Sm;r&SdcJhvQif 'D'ku©awGu vGwfr,fqdkNyD;awmh 'D½kyfw&m;udk&GH&SmpufqkyfwJh pdwfxm;ESifh tjzLuodkPf;0ef;rSm tmumoudk wpfzefjrifatmif½INyD; tJ'DtmumorSm orm"dudk xlaxmif&rSmjzpfw,f/

½kyfw&m;udk &GH&SmpufqkyfwJhpdwfxm;ESifh ½IwJhbm0emudk ½ly0d&m*bm0em - vdkY ac:ygw,f/ tJ'Dpdwfxm;jzifh t½lypsmefawGudk ul;&rSmjzpfygw,f/

ckeu tjzLuodkPf;yJ qdkMuygpdkY/ t&yfq,frsufESm jzefYNyD;awmhpwkw¬psmeform"d qdkufatmif orm"dxlaxmif&w,f/ xlaxmifNyD;wJhtcsdeftcgrSm 'D t&yfq,frsufESm jyefYaewJh tjzLuodkPf;udkvnf;teEÅpMu0VmodkY wdkifatmif xyfNyD; jzefYMuufay;&w,f/ tJ'DvdkjzefYMuufxm;wJhuodkPf;udkvnf; ½kyfw&m;vdkYyJ olu ESvHk;oGif;xm;w,f/ ½kyftppfawmh r[kwfbl;aemf/

rlvjynfwnfxm;wJh t½dk;qdkMupdkY/ tJ'Dt½dk;OD;acgif;cGHudk jynfwnfxm;awmh tJ'Dacgif;cGHrSm wnf&SdwJh "mwfav;yg;udk pkduf½IvQif uvmyftrIefyJ awGUr,f/


'DuvmyftrIefawGudk "mwfcGJvQif touf&SifaewJhacgif;cGH jzpfcJhvQif½kyfw&m; (44)rsKd; &Sdygw,f/ tJ'guawmh q&morm;ESifh csOf;uyfavhvmayawmh? tJ'gawGu y&rwfw&m;tppfawGyJ/

'gayrJh 'Dacgif;cGHuaeNyD;awmhrSwpfqifh t&yfq,frsufESmjyefYatmifjzefYvdkufwJh tjzLuodkPf;0ef;usawmh ½kyftppfawmh r[kwfbl;/

'gayrJh rlvjynfwnfxm;wJh acgif;cGHu ½kyfw&m;tppfjzpfaeawmh½kyfw&m;uae aygufzGm;vmaewJh uodkPf;0ef;udkvnf; ½kyfvdkYyJ olu,lqxm;w,f/

tJ'Dvdk,lqNyD;awmh 'D½kyfw&m;udk &GH&SmpufqkyfwJhpdwfxm; tvdkr&SdwJhpdwfxm;jzifh (tJ'DtjzLuodkPf;0ef;udk pwkw¬psmeform"d qdkufatmifESvHk;oGif;NyD;wJhtcsdeftcgrSm pwkw¬psmeform"drS tx) 'DtjzLudk tm½Hkr,lbJ tmumoudk wpfzufowf tm½Hk,l&w,f/ tmumoudk wpfzufowf tm½Hk,lNyD;awmh ½IvdkufvQifvnf; tJ'DtcsdeftcgrSm tmumoay:vmwwfw,f/

ray:bl;qdkvQifawmh wcsKdUa,m*DawGudk bkef;BuD;oifay;wJhpepfuawmh 'DuodkPf;&JU tv,facgifavmufrSm tmumo ac:wJh tMum;tayguf &Sdw,fvdkY tm½Hk,lNyD;awmh vif;a&mifjcnfpGrf;tifESifh xdk;NyD;tpdkufcdkif;&w,f/

bmudk rSD;ovJvdkY ar;vQifawmh bkef;BuD;wdkY ½kyfur®|mef;½IuGufrSmbk&m;&Sifonf tmumo"mwfudk ½IzdkY&eftwGuf r[m&m[kavm0g'okwåefç "mwk0db*Fokwåef pwJhokwåefawGrSm ñTefMum;xm;ygw,f/ tJ'Denf;pepfudk rSD;wmygyJ/

ck yuwdaom bkef;BuD;wdkYvufudk Munfhvdkuf? wpfqufwnf;vdkYxif&w,f/ 'gayrJh aoaocsmcsm Munfhvdkufr,fqdkvQif arG;nif;aygufuav;awG r&Sdbl;vm;¿ &Sdaew,f? 'g tmumoyJ/


tJ'DyHkpHvdkyJ 'DuodkPf;0ef;&JUtv,frSm 'Dtmumo &Sdav&JUvkdY tm½Hk,lNyD;awmh xdk;pdkufvdkufcJhvQif tmumo tMum;taygufuav;awGay:vmw,f/

tJ'Dvdkay:vmwJhtcsdeftcgrSm tjzLudk wpfzufowf ESvHk;roGif;bJtmumoudkom ]]tmumo tmumo}} vdkY wpfzufowf ESvHk;oGif;vdkufvQif wjznf;jznf; tmumou us,fjyefYvmw,f/ wjznf;jznf;vnf; csJUNyD;awmh ESvHk;oGif;&w,f/

tJ'Dvdk tmumoudk wpfzufowf ESvHk;oGif;vdkufvdkY tmumous,fjyefYvmonfESifh wpfNydKifeufwnf; tjzLuodkPf;0ef;u wjznf;jznf; aysmufoGm;w,f/ aysmufoGm;NyD;wJhaemuf t&yfq,frsufESmtukefvHk; tmumojzifh vTrf;jcHKoGm;NyD? vTrf;jcHKoGm;wJhtcsdeftcgrSm tJ'Dtmumoudk teEÅpMu0VmodkYwdkifatmif tqkH;tp r&Sdatmif xyfNyD;jzefY&w,f/

tJ'Dvdk teEÅpMu0VmodkYwdkifatmif jyefYaewJh tqkH;tpr&SdwJhtmumoudk tm½Hk,lNyD;awmh ]]tmumo tmumo}}vdkYjzpfap ]]teEÅtmumo}}vdkYyJjzpfap ESvHk;oGif;ae&w,f/

tJ'Dvdk ESvHk;oGif;vdkufvdkY&SdvQif 'Dtmumoac:wJh aumif;uifynwfrSm bm0empdwfonf Nidrf0yfpGm uyfNyD; wnfoGm;vdrfhr,f/ 'DtmumorSm Nidrf0yfpGm uyfNyD;wnfaewJhpdwfukdawmh tmumovQif wnf&mtm½Hk&SdaewJhtwGuf tmumomeÍöm,wepsmefpdwfvdkY ac:ygw,f/

tJ'Dpsmefudkvnf; 0oDabmfig;wef Edkifeif;atmifawmh avhusifh&ygw,f/ avhusifhvdkY atmifjrifNyD qdkvdkY&SdvQifawmh xdkyk*¾dKvfu a&SUwpfqifhwufNyD; 0dnmPÍöm,wepsmefudk ul;csifw,f qdkvdkY&SdvQifbmvkyf&rvJ¿


0dnmPÍöm,wepsmef

tmumomeÍöm,wepsmefudk 0oDabmfig;wef Edkifeif;atmif avhusifhNyD;wJhtcsdeftcgrSm tmumovQif wnf&mtm½Hk&SdaewJh 'D tmum-omeÍöm,wepsmefpdwfuav;udk t½IcHtm½HktjzpfESifh wpfzefjyefxm;&w,f/ 'DtmumomeÍöm,wepsmefpdwfuav;udk t½IcHtm½HktjzpfESifhwpfzefjyefxm;NyD;awmh ]]0dnmPH 0dnmPH}}vdkYjzpfap odkYr[kwf ]]teEÅH0dnmPHç teEÅH 0dnmPH}}vdkYyJjzpfap ½Iae&w,f/

tqkH;tpr&SdwJh teEÅtmumoudk tm½Hk,laewJh 0dnmPfpdwfjzpfvdkY'D0dnmPfudk ]]teEÅH 0dnmPH}}vdkY ac:qdkjcif; jzpfw,f/

t½IcHu 'DtmumomeÍöm,wepsmefpdwfjzpfoGm;NyD/ tJ'Dvdk½IvdkufvdkY&SdvQif tmumomeÍöm,wepsmef0dnmPfvdkYac:wJh 'D0dnmPfvQifwnf&mtm½Hk&SdaewJh tJ'DtmumomeÍöm,we0dnmPftm½kHrSm Nidrf0yfpGm uyfNyD;wnfaewJh ½IaewJh aemufxyfpdwfwpfrsKd; ay:vmw,f/tJ'Dpdwfudkawmh 0dnmPÍöm,wepsmefpdwf (= tmumomeÍöm,wepsmef0dnmPfvQif wnf&mtm½Hk&SdaewJh psmefpdwf) vdkY ac:ygw,f/

tJ'D tmumomeÍöm,wepsmef0dnmPfvQif wnf&mtm½Hk &SdaewJh'D 0dnmPÍöm,wepsmefpdwf ay:vmNyD qdkvdkY&SdvQifvnf; tJ'D 0dnm-PÍöm,wepsmefpdwfudk 0oDabmfig;wef Edkifeif;atmifawmh avhusifh&w,f/ 'Dae&mrSm t½IcHtm½Hkw&m;uvnf; pdwfyJ? ½IwwfwJhw&m;uvnf; pdwfyJ jzpfw,f/ t½IcHtm½Hkpdwfu tmumomeÍöm,wepsmefpdwfç ½IwwfwJhpdwfu 0dnmPÍöm,wepsmefpdwfwdkY jzpfMuw,f/

tmudÍönm,wepsmef

avhusifhvdkY atmifjrifrI&NyDqdkvQif xdkyk*¾dKvf[m a&SUwpfqifhwufumtmudÍönm,wepsmefudk ul;Edkifw,f/


tmudÍönm,wepsmefudk b,fvdkul;rvJvdkYar;awmh todpdwfwdkYrnfonf ½kyfESifh rwlbl;? ½kyfwkdYrnfonfrSm wpfcsdefwnf;rSm NydKifwljzpfEdkifwJhpGrf;tm;awG &Sdw,f/ jzpfwJh½kyfu jzpfw,f/ ysufwJh½kyfu ysufw,f/ oufwrf;rukefvdkY qufvufjzpfaewJh ½kyfawGvnf; &Sdw,f?XDumvrSm a&mufaeqJ ½kyfawGyJ/ 'gayrJh emrfavmuusawmh 'DvdkyHkpH r[kwfbl;/

emrfw&m;wkdYrnfonf pdwåu©PwpfcktwGif;rSm wpfrsKd;omjzpfw,f?ESpfck NydKifwljzpf½dk;"r®wm r&Sdbl;/ todpdwf wpfvHk;ç zó wpfvHk;ç a0'emwpfvHk;ç onm wpfvHk; ponfjzifh 'Dvdk pdwf-apwodufawG[m wpfrsKd;pDom jzpfw,f/ pdwåu©PwpfcktwGif;rSm todpdwf ESpfrsKd;ç zó ESpfrsKd;ça0'em ESpfrsKd; ponfjzifh ESpfrsKd;NydKifwl jzpf½dk;"r®wm r&SdMubl;/

'Dvdkr&SdwJhtwGuf ckeuajymcJhwJh 0dnmPÍöm,wepsmefpdwf&JU t½IcHtm½Hku tmumomeÍöm,wepsmef0dnmPf jzpfw,f/ tmumomeÍöm,wepsmef0dnmPfudk t½IcHtm½Hkxm;NyD;awmh ½IwJhtwGuf 0dnmPÍöm,wepsmefpdwfu ay:vmNyD/

ay:vmwJhtcsdeftcgrSm tmumomeÍöm,wepsmefpdwfonf Oyg'fçXDç biftm;jzifh xif&Sm;&Sdao;vm;¿ r&Sdawmhbl;/ pdwåu©PESpfck NydKifwljzpfEdkifwJhpGrf;tm; r&Sdbl;/ wpfenf;ajym&vQifawmh pdwåu©PwpfcktwGif;rSm pdwfESpfrsKd; NydKifwl jzpfEdkifwJhoabm r&Sdbl;/

tJ'D tmumomeÍöm,wepsmefpdwfu 0dnmPÍöm,wepsmefpdwfjzpfwJh tcsdeftcgrSm Oyg'fç XDç biftm;jzifh xif&Sm;r&Sdawmhbl;/ tJ'DtmumomeÍöm,wepsmef0dnmPf&JU r&SdwJhoabmuav;ukd tm½Hk,lNyD;awmh ]]ew¬d udÍöd = bmrQr&Sd}}vdkY 'Dvdk ESvHk;oGif;&w,f/

tJ'Dvdk ESvHk;oGif;vdkufvdkY&SdvQif tmumomeÍöm,we0dnmPf&JUr&SdrIoabmtay:ü Nidrf0yfpGm uyfNyD; wnfaewJh bm0empdwf wpfrsKd;


ay:vmw,f/ tJ'D Nidrf0yfpGm uyfNyD;wnfaewJh bm0empdwfudkawmhtmudÍönm,wepsmefpdwfvdkYac:ygw,f/ tmumomeÍöm,wepsmef0dnmPf&JU r&SdrIoabmtay:ü Nidrf0yfpGm uyfNyD; wnfaewJh pdwfvdkYqdkvdkw,f/

tJ'D tmudÍönm,wepsmefpdwfudk &NyDqdkvQifvnf; 'DtmudÍönm,wepsmefpdwfudk 0oDabmfig;wef Edkifeif;atmif avhusifh&w,f/avhusifhNyD;wJhtcsdeftcgusawmhrS ae0onmemonm,wepsmefpdwfudk ul;Edkifw,f/

ae0onmemonm,wepsmefae0onmemonm,wepsmefpdwfqdkwmu ½kefY&if;Murf;wrf;wJh

onmum; r&Sd? tvGefYtvGef odrfarGUEl;nHhaewJh onmom&SdwJhtwGufonm&Sdonfvnf;r[kwf r&Sdonfvnf;r[kwfwJh psmefpdwfvdkYqdkvdkw,f/

tvGefMurf;wrf;aewJh onmawG r&Sdawmhbl;? tvGefYtvGef odrfarGUwJh onmyJ &Sdw,f? 'guawmh onmudk OD;wnfNyD; ajymwJhpum;yg/tvGefEl;nHhodrfarGUaewJh emrfw&m;av;awGyJ&Sdawmhw,f? Murf;wrf;wJhemrfw&m;awG odyfxif&Sm;wJh emrfw&m;awG r&Sdawmhbl;vdkY qdkvdkw,f/

b,favmufxd odrfarGUovJvdkYar;vQifawmh 'Dae0onmemonm,wepsmefpdwfrSm pdwf-apwoduf (31)vHk; &Sdygw,f/ tJ'guawmhemrfur®|mef;ydkif;½IwJha,m*Drsm;udkawmh pepfwus oifay;aeygw,f/tJ'D pdwf-apwoduf (31)vHk;udk om0uawGu wpfvHk;pD wpfvHk;pDb,fvdkrS ½IvdkY r&bl;/ t&Sifom&dykwå&m udk,fawmfjrwfBuD;aomfvnf;ae0onmemonm,wepsmefrSm&SdaewJh emrfw&m;awGudk wpfvHk;pDwpfvHk;pD 0dyóem½IvdkY r&bl;? (31)vHk;&Sdwmudk (31)vHk;pvHk; jcHKiHkNyD;awmhom 0dyóem ½I&w,f? uvmyor®oe0dyóem½Ienf;vdkY ac:ygw,f/


atmufatmufpsmefawGudkawmh tEky'"r®0dyóemenf;ESifh wpfvkH;pD wpfvHk;pD cGJjcm;pdwfjzmNyD;awmh 0dyóem ½IEdkifayrJh 'Dae0onmemonm,wepsmefusawmh t&Sifom&dykwå&mudk,fawmfjrwfu r½IEdkifjzpfaew,f/ 'Dpsmefudk tEky'"r®0dyóemenf;jzifh wpfvkH;pD wpfvHk;pDcGJjcm;pdwfjzmNyD;awmh 0dyóem ½IEdkifw,fqdkwm bk&m;&SifwdkYrSmomjzpfygw,f? om0uawGrSm rjzpfEdkifygbl;/

tJ'Davmuftxd cufw,f tvGefodrfarGUw,f tvGefEl;nHhw,f/]]or®morÁK'bk&m;wpfqlomvQif xdkpsmefemrfw&m;awGudk tEky'"r®-0dyóemenf;tm;jzifh 0dyóem½IvdkY&awmfrlw,fvdkY}} 'Dvdk usrf;*efrsm;rSm azmfjyxm;ygw,f/ (r-|-4-61/)

'gaMumifh - tvGefodrfarGUaewJh emrfw&m;om &SdwJh psmefrsKd;udkae0onmemonm,wepsmefvdkY ac:w,f/

'Dawmh - 'D ae0onmemonm,wepsmefudk tvdk&SdwJhyk*¾dKvfubmvkyf&vJ¿ tmudÍönm,wepsmefudk jyefNyD;awmh 0ifpm;&w,f/ tJ'DtmudÍönm,wepsmefudk 0ifpm;NyD;awmh tJ'D tmudÍönm,wepsmefudkjyefNyD;awmh ]]{wH oEÅHç {wH yPDwH}} 'Dvdk csD;rGrf;&w,f/ bmjzpfvdkYcsD;rGrf;&ovJ¿ ae0onmemonm,wepsmefudk vdkcsifvdkY csD;rGrf;wmyJ/

'D tmudÍönm,wepsmefudk bmjzpfvdkY ckvdk csD;rGrf;aewmvJvdkYar;vQifawmh pdwfwdkYrnfonf odp&mtm½Hk&SdrS Nidrf0yfwwfwJhoabm&Sdw,f/ ck 'DtmudÍönm,wepsmefudk MunfhvdkufvQif Munfhp&mtm½HkbmrQr&Sdbl;/ tmumomeÍöm,wepsmef&JU r&SdrIoabmtay:rSmNidrf0yfpGmuyfNyD; wnfaewm jzpfw,f/

'gaMumifh bmrQr&SdwJh oabmtay:ü Nidrf0yfpGm uyfNyD;wnfaewJh'Dpdwfonf tvGefNidrfoufwJhpdwf tvGefrGefjrwfwJhpdwf qdkNyD;awmh 'Dpdwfudk csD;rGrf;&wm/ bmOD;wnfcsufESifh csD;rGrf;aeovJvdkYar;awmh


ae0onmemonm,wepsmefudk tvdk&SdwJhpdwfxm;ESifh csD;rGrf;aewmyJ/

Oyrm - &Sifbk&ifwpfOD;[m wdkif;cef;vSnfhvnfNyDqdkMupdkY? wpfae&ma&mufawmh qifpG,fyGwform;uav;awGudk awGUw,f/ 'DqifpG,fyGwform;av;awGudk MunfhvdkufwJhtcg qifpG,f½kyfuav;awGu vuf&modyfajrmufawmh &Sifbk&ifu 'DqifpG,fyGwform;awGudk tifrwefoabmusoGm;w,f/

&Sifbk&ifBuD;u qifpG,f½kyfuav;awGudkMunfhNyD;awmh qifpG,fyGwform;awGudk oabmuswm oludk,fwdkifu qifpG,fyGwform; jzpfcsifwm [kwfovm;¿ r[kwfbl;aemf? olUeef;awmfudk oljyefrSmygyJ/ 'gayrJh'Dvuf&mudk odyfoabmusw,f/

tJ'DyHkpHvdkyJ - 'D tmudÍönm,wepsmefpdwfudk csD;rGrf;aewmutmudÍönm,wepsmefudk tvdk&SdvdkY csD;rGrf;wmawmh r[kwfbl;? ae0onmemonm,wepsmefudk vdkvm;awmifhwwJhpdwfESifh csD;rGrf;aewm/

'Dawmh t½IcHtm½Hku tmudÍönm,wepsmefpdwf? tJ'D tmudÍönm,wepsmefpdwfudk t½IcHtm½Hkxm;NyD;awmh -]]{wH oEÅHç {wH yPDwH}}]]þ0dnmPfonf Nidrfouf\? þ0dnmPfonf rGefjrwf\}}vdkY csD;rGrf;vdkufvQif aemufawmh 'DtmudÍönm,wepsmefpdwftay:ü Nidrf0yfpGmuyfNyD;wnfaewJh bm0empdwfwpfrsKd;ay:vmw,f/ Nidrf0yfpGm uyfNyD;wnfaewJh bm0empdwfu ae0onmemonm,wepsmefpdwfjzpfw,f/

½kefY&if;Murf;wrf;wJh onmawmh r&Sdbl;? tvGefYtvGef odrfarGUEl;nHhaewJh onmom &Sdw,f/ ½kefY&if;Murf;wrf;wJh emrfw&m;awG r&Sdbl;?tvGefYtvGef odrfarGU El;nHhaewJh emrfw&m;awGyJ &Sdw,f/ tJ'gudkae0onmemonm,wepsmefpdwfvdkY ac:w,f/

aygif;vdkufr,fqdkvkdY&SdvQifawmh ½lyg0p&psmefawGu yxrpsmefç'kwd,psmefç wwd,psmefç pwkw¬psmef qdkNyD; psmeformywf (4)yg;?


t½lypsmefawGu tmumomeÍöm,wepsmefç 0dnmPÍöm,wepsmefçtmudÍönm,wepsmefç ae0onmemonm,wepsmef qdkNyD;awmhpsmeformywf (4)yg;? aygif;vdkufawmh tm;vkH; psmef (8)yg; jzpfw,f/

tJ'D psmef (8)yg;udk ormywf (8)yg;vdkY ac:ygw,f/ 'gu avmuDormywf (8)yg;yJ/

tjzLa&mifuodkPf;udk tajccHvsuf .. psmeformywf (8)yg;udkaygufatmif ½I&ovdk usefaewJhuodkPf;awGrSmvnf; psmeformywf(8)yg; aygufatmifvdkY avhusifh&w,f/

avhusifhaewJholawmfaumif;u pdwåol<u,fwdkYvkd wpfcsdefrSmayghrdrdwdkYvnf; taMumif;nDñGwfvdkY eda&m"ormywf0ifpm;r,fqdkvQifawmh 'DpsmefawG[m eda&m"ormywf&JU tajccHtaMumif;w&m;awGjzpfMuygw,f/

'gaMumifh orx[lorQonf jA[®mhjynfa&mufjcif;&JU taMumif;wpfckwnf;oufouf [kwfovm;¿ r[kwfygbl;/ r*¾if&Spfyg;xJrSmbk&m;&Sifudk,fawmfwdkifu or®morm"dqdkwJh r*¾ifwpfckudk xnfhoGif;NyD;awmh a[mxm;wJhtwGuf r*¾if&Spfyg; rpHknDcJhvQif bk&m;a[mwJh ½kyfemrfudk b,fvdkrS rodEdkifbl;/

bk&m;a[mwJh ½kyfemrfudk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm oda&;twGuf orm"dudkxlaxmifw,fqdkvQif xdkorm"donf bmtusKd;tmedoif &SdovJvdkYar; awmh 0dyóemedoHo (= 0dyóemÓPftusKd;tmedoif) &Sdygw,f/

'Dawmh 0dyóeme,fxJa&mufNyD; rdrdu jA[®mhjynf roGm;csifvnf;roGm;bJ aevdkYr&bl;vm;¿ &ygw,f? udk,fu roGm;csifvQif jzpfygw,f?oGm;csifvQifvnf; oGm;aygh/ udk,fhoHo&mc&D; qHk;atmif vkyfr,fqdkvQifvnf; qHk;atmifvkyf? qHk;oGm;rSmaygh/ rqHk;csifbl;qdkvQifawmh a&SUquf&rSmaygh/


qufr,fqdkvQifawmh jA[®mhjynfa&mufwmESifh i&Jjynfa&mufwmb,f'if;aumif;rvJ¿'g,umBuD;wkdY 'g,dumrBuD;wkdY ...enf;enf;av;awmh pOf;pm;zdkY aumif;wmaygh? orm"dusifhpOfawGudk omoemyw&m;awGvkdY oGm;NyD;awmh pGyfpGJaevdkY rjzpfygbl;/ bmjzpfvdkYvJ¿ bk&m;&Sifudk,fawmfwdkifu r*¾if&Spfyg;udk omoemwGif;w&m;tjzpfESifh twdtusa[mMum;xm;awmfrlw,f/ 'Dawmh orm"dpcef;awGudk omoemyw&m;vdkY ajymvdkufr,fqdkvQif r*¾if&Spfyg;usifhpOf[mvnf; omoemyw&m;vdkYajymwJht"dyÜg,f jzpfraebl;vm;¿ jzpfoGm;Edkifw,f/

0dyóem\ tajcyg'upsmef

uJ aumif;NyD? wynfhawmfwkdYu 'Dorm"dawGudk xlaxmifNyD;NyD?wynfh awmfwdkYu 0dyóemul;r,f? b,fvdkvkyf&rvJ¿

tJ'Dorm"dawGxJu BudKufwJhorm"dudk 0dyóem&JUtajccHtjzpfESifhxlaxmifEdkifygw,f/ taumif;qHk;tjzpfESifh bk&m;&Sifu pwkw¬psmeform"dudk jynfwnfxm;ygw,f? ñTefMum;xm;ygw,f/

(r-1-347-r[mtóyk&okwåef/)

tJ'Dawmh - 'D orm"dwpfckudk pwkw¬psmefqdkufatmif jzpfapaygh?tJ'DuodkPf;awGxJu BudKufwJhuodkPf;ESifh orm"dxlaxmifyg/

txl;ojzifh - tjzLa&mifuodkPf;udkawmh bk&m;&Sifu ta&mifuodkPf; av;rsKd;xJrSm tomqHk; tjrwfqHk; xm;wJhtwGuf (tH-3-306-

yxraumovokwf/) a,m*D trsm;pkudkawmh tjzLa&mifuodkPf;udkyJrsm;aomtm;jzifh oifay;ygw,f/

tcsdef&vdkY odkYr[kwf 0dyóemydkif; yHkpHusNyD;vdkY uodkPf;awGudkqufoifcsifygw,fqdkvQifawmh tm;vHk;udkyJ oifay;ygw,f/ uJ 'DawmhtjzLa&mifuodkPf;udkyJ oGm;Mu&atmif .../


"mwfur®|mef;

tjzLa&mifuodkPf;udk pwkw¬psmeform"d aygufatmif orm"dxlaxmifvdkufvdkY vif;a&mifjcnfpGrf;tifawGu odyftm;aumif;vmNyDqdkvQif ckeu ½kyfur®|mef;uaeNyD;awmh 'd|d0dok'¨dpcef;udk ul;vnf;&w,f? emrfur®|mef;uaeNyD;awmh 'd|d0dok'dpcef;udk ul;vnf; &w,f/

tJ'D ESpfck&SdwJhteufu ½kyfur®|mef;u pul;csifvQifawmh bmvkyf&rvJ¿ "mwfav;yg;udk pNyD; ½I&w,f? "mwfBuD;av;yg;udk jynfwnf&ygw,f/ a&SUydkif;u ajymcJhwJh yx0D"mwfç tmayg"mwfç awaZm"mwfç0ga,m"mwfqdkwJh "mwfav;yg;udk cE¨mtdrfrSm jyef½I&w,f/

tJ'D"mwfav;yg;udk pdkufvdkufNyDqdkwmESifh wpfNydKifeufwnf; a&SUuajymcJhwJhtwdkif; tjzLjyefay:r,f/ tjzLay:NyD;wmESifh tjzLrSm qufNyD;"mwfav;yg; pdkufvdkufvQifawmh Munfvmr,f/ tMunfrSm qufNyD;"mwfav;yg; pdkufvdkufvQif ck pdwåol<u,fwdkYvdk twdwfu Budwfajcxm;cJhwJh 0dyóemÓPf&SdaewJh (ocFg&w&m;awGudk 0dyóemÓPfjzifhBudwfajccJhzl;wJh) olawmfaumif; jzpfcJhr,fqdkvdkY&SdvQifvnf; ½kyfuvmyftrIefav;awGudk vG,fvG,fav;ESifh awGUygw,f/

rawGUbl;qdkvQifawmh tJ'DtMunfjyifrSm tmumoac:wJh tMum;tayguf&Sdav&JUvdkY tm½Hk,lNyD;awmh vif;a&mifjcnfESifh xdk;pdkufvdkufvQiftmumo tMum;tayguf ay:vmw,f/

tmumo tMum;tayguf qdkwmu ½kyfuvmyfawGudk ydkif;jcm;ay;aewJh e,fjcm;a'oyJjzpfygw,f/

½kyfuvmyfawG&JU tydkif;tjcm; e,fjcm;a'oudk oGm;awGUNyDqdkwmESifh½kyfuvmyfav;awGudk pNyD;awGUawmhwmyJ/ tJ'D ½kyfuvmyfav;awGuay:prSmawmh odyfNyD;awmh jrefw,f/


vsifvsifjrefjrefBuD; jzpfaewJhtwGuf olwdkY&JU ay:wm aysmufwmjzpfwmysufwmudk tm½Hkr,lao;bJ "mwfudkom qufNyD;tm½Hk,l&w,f/tm½Hkpdkufpuawmh uvmyfwpfckrSm "mwfav;yg;jrifzdkYawmh enf;enf;cufw,f/ 'gayrJh avhusifhay;vdkufvQifawmh atmifjrifwwfygw,f/orm"dudk cdkifcdkifxlaxmifNyD;awmhum --

wpfudk,fvHk; jcHKNyD;awmh rmwm pdkufvdkuf? uvmyf wpfckrSm rmwmpdkufvdkuf?

wpfudk,fvHk; jcHKNyD;awmh ,dkpD;wm pdkufvdkuf? uvmyfwpfckrSm ,dkpD;wmpdkufvdkuf?

wpfudk,fvHk; jcHKNyD;awmh ylwm pdkufvdkuf? uvmyfwpfckrSm ylwmpdkufvdkuf?

wpfudk,fvHk; jcHKNyD;awmh axmufuefwm pdkufvdkuf? uvmyfwpfckrSmaxmufuefwm pdkufvdkuf --

tJ'Dvdk avhusifhygrsm;vmvQifawmh aemufawmh uvmyfwpfcktwGif;rSm "mwfav;yg;udk vG,fvG,fululESifh oabmaygufwwfygw,f/ uvmyfwpfcktwGif;rSmwnf&SdwJh "mwfav;yg;udk odrf;qnf;EdkifNyDoabmaygufNyDqdkvdkY&SdvQifawmh xdk"mwfav;yg;udk rSDwG,fNyD; jzpfay:aewJh tqif;ç teHYç t&omç MoZm ac:wJh 'DOyg'g½kyfuav;awGudkqufNyD; ½I&ygw,f/

y"med,*Fw&m; ig;yg;

'Dae&mrSm y"med,*Fw&m; ig;yg;taMumif;ukd tenf;i,favmufawmh ajymcsifw,f/ om0uawG[m ½kyfuvmyfawGukd ½IvkdY&w,fqkdwJhtcsufç ½kyfuvmyf wpfckwpfcktwGif;rSm wnf&SdwJh (8)rsKd; (9)rsKd;(10)rsKd;aom y&rwf½kyfw&m;ukd ½IvkdY&w,fqkdwJhtcsufç bk&m;&Sif a[m


Mum;xm;awmfrlwJh tm,we'Gg&tvkduf jzpfay:aewJh emrfw&m;ukdvnf; ½IvkdY&w,fqkdwJhtcsuf - 'DtcsufawGESifh ywfoufvkdY tcsKdUolawmfaumif;rsm;u vufrcHvkd jzpfaeMuygw,f/ vufrcHvkdwJh olawmfaumif;rsm;twGuf 'Dy"med,*Fw&m; ig;yg;taMumif;ukd tusOf;csKyfNyD;awmh enf;enf;ajymcsifw,f/ 'Dy"med,*Fw&m; ig;yg;ukd bk&m;&Sifonf aAm"drif;om;ukd a[mMum;awmfrlcJhygw,f/ rZÑdredum,f rZÑdryPÖmoygVdawmf aAm"d&mZukrm&okwåefrSm vm&Sdygw,f/

(r-2-298-299/)

1/ eHygwfwpf t*Fg&yfuawmh o'gw&m; jzpfygw,f/ w&m;bm0emukd usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfaewJh yk*¾dKvfqkdwm t&[H tpb*0g tqkH;&SdwJh *kPfawmfukd;yg;vkdY ac:qkdtyfwJh bk&m;&Sif&JU aAm"dÓPfawmfjrwftay:rSmvnf; rwkefrvIyf ouf0if,kHMunfwJh o'¨gw&m; &SdzkdY vkdw,f/ bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJh oHo&m0#frSxGufajrmufaMumif; ed,smeduw&m;aumif; tay:rSmvnf; rwkefrvIyfouf0if,kHMunfwJho'gw&m;&SdzkdYvnf; vkdygw,f/ bk&m;&Sif qkdqkH;ronfhtwkdif; 'Ded,smeduw&m;aumif;awGukd vufawGUusifhMuvkdY oHo&m0#frS xGufajrmufoGm;awmfrlMuwJhç t&d,molawmfaumif;vdkY ac:qkdtyfwJh oHCm&wem tay:rSmvnf; rwkefrvIyf ouf0if,kHMunfwJho'gw&m; &SdzkdYvkdygw,f/ 'Do'gw&m; csKdUwJhaevQifvnf; r*fzkdvfedAÁmefqkdwJh w&m;xl; w&m;jrwfukd r&Ekdifbl;vkdY bk&m;&Sifu a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/

'gaMumifh a,m*Dyk*¾dKvf[m ]]opömav;yg;w&m;ukd xkd;xGif;odygrSoHo&m0#fqif;&J tqkH;tykdif;tjcm;ukd jyKEkdifr,ff}}qkdNyD; ul#m*g&okwåef(oH-3-394/) pwJh xkdxkdokwåefawGrSm bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJhoHo&m0#fqif;&JrS xGufajrmufaMumif;jzpfwJh ed,smedu w&m;aumif;rsm;tay:rSm ,kHMunfcsufo'¨gw&m; &SdzdkYawmh vkdygw,f/ 'ku©opöm


w&m;pkxJrSm ckajymaewJh ½kyfw&m; emrfw&m;awG yg0ifMuygw,f/aMumif;usKd;qufEG,frI y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;awGuawmh ork',opöm w&m;pkwGif yg0ifMuygw,f/ om0uawGvnf; 'D opömav;yg;ukdodEkdifw,fqkdwJh tcsufukdawmh ,kHMunfrI&SdzkdY vkdtyfygw,f/

2/ 'kwd, y"med,*Fw&m;uawmh tpmukd tnDtrQ aMuusufapwwfwJh ygpu0rf;rD; aumif;rGefjcif; usef;rma&;aumif;jcif; jzpfygw,f/

3/ wwd, y"med,*Fw&m;uawmh rm,m-omaX,s tauGUtaumuf tvSnfhtywfawG uif;pifNyD; rdrd&JU oDwif;okH;azmfwkdYtxHrSmrdrd&JUtjypfukd tjypftm;avsmfpGm 0efcHum ukpm;jcif; jzpfygw,f/

oEÅa'goy#d päm'evu©Pm rm,m/ toEÅ*kPyumoevu©PHomaX,sH/ (r[m#D-1-84? 128/)

rdrd&JU tjypfukd zkH;tkyfxm;jcif; oabmvu©Pm &SdwJh w&m;urm,m jzpfw,f? [efaqmifwJh oabmyJ/ r*f-zkdvf-edAÁmefukd r&bJESifh&oa,mifç opömav;yg;ukd rodao;bJESifh odoa,mif [efaqmifwJhoabmjzpfw,f/ rdrdrSm xif&Sm;r&SdwJh*kPfukd xif&Sm;azmfjyjcif; oabmvu©Pm&SdwJh w&m;u omaX,sjzpfw,f? aumufuspfpOf;vJw,fvkdYqkdvkdw,f/ r*fzkdvfedAÁmefukd r&ao;bJESifh &ygw,fvkdY xif&Sm;jyrIçopömav;yg;ukd rodao;bJESifh odygw,fvkdY xif&Sm;jyrIç ½kyfemrfukdrodao;bJESifh odw,fvkdY xif&Sm;jyrIrsKd;awG jzpfygw,f/ 'Dvkd rm,m-omaX,sqkdwJh tauGUtaumufawG rsm;aevQifvnf; r*fzkdvfedAÁmefukdr&Ekdifbl;vkdYyJ a[mMum;aeygw,f/

4/ pwkw¬ y"med,*F w&m;uawmh tjyif;txef BudK;pm;tm;xkwfjcif; vkHYv0D&d,ESifh jynfhpkHjcif; jzpfw,f/ bmawGukd tjyif;txef BudK;pm;tm;xkwf&rSmvJ¿ tukokdvfw&m;awGudk y,f&Sm;Ekdifa&;twGufç


rjzpfay:ao;wJh orxukokdvf 0dyóemukokdvf r*fukokdvfawG jzpfay:vma&;twGuf orxbm0emusifhpOf 0dyóembm0emusifhpOfawGukd --

1/ t½kd;<uif;apç

2/ ta&<uif;apç

3/ taMum<uif;apç

4/ tom;-taoG;awG tukefcef;ajcmufcsif cef;ajcmufygap --

a,mufsm;jrwfwkdY&JU ZGJvkHYv0D&d,ç rdef;rjrwfwkdY&JU ZGJvkHYv0D&d,ESifh&EdkifwJh t&mXmeom rSefygap? xkdt&mXmeokdY ra&mufrcsif; 0D&d,&JU&yfwefYoGm;jcif;rnfonf b,fawmhrS rjzpfap& - 'Dvkd t*Fg av;yg;&SdwJh 0D&d, jcH&HNyD;awmh tjyif;txef BudK;pm;tm;xkwfjcif;qkdwJh ZGJvkHYv0D&d,ESifh jynfhpkH&r,f/

]]om0uawGvnf; 'ku©opömxJrSm tusKH;0ifaewJh ½kyfemrfawGukdxkd;xGif;odEkdifygw,f}}qkdwJh ,kHMunfcsufuvnf; r&Sd? odatmifvnf;BudK;pm;tm;xkwfrI vkHYv0D&d,u r&Sdjyefbl;qkdvQif b,fvkdvkyfNyD; 'D'ku©opömw&m;awGukd xkd;xGif;odEkdifyghrvJ¿ 'gaMumifh opöm (4)yg;ukdxkd;xGif;odzkdYrSm o'¨gw&m;&SdzkdYESifh vkHYv0D&d,awG&SdzkdY[m tvGefta&;BuD;ygw,f/

5/ yÍör y"med,*Fw&m;uawmh ½kyfemrfaMumif;usKd; ocFg&w&m;vdkYac:qkdwJh 'ku©opömw&m;pk ork',opömw&m;pkwkdY&JU tedpötcsufç'ku©tcsufç tewåtcsufwkdYukd uGufuGufuGif;uGif; &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif;xkd;xGif;odjrifwwfwJh O',AÁ,ÓPfESifhwuG 0dyóemÓPftm;vkH;ESifhjynfhpkH&r,f/

'DyÍör y"med,*Fw&m;ESifh jynfhpkHzkdYqkdwmu - 'ku©opöm trnf&wJh


twdwfç tem*wfç ypöKyÜef pwJh (11)rsKd;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifhwnfaewJh Oyg'geu©E¨mig;yg; (= ½kyfw&m;emrfw&m;)ç ork',opömtrnf&wJh t0dZÆm-wPSm-Oyg'gef-ocFg&-uHpwJh taMumif;w&m; -'DESpfrsKd;aom ocFg&w&m;awGukd a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu yxr odxm;NyD;jzpf&ygr,f/ 'DvkdodNyD;rS 'DocFg&w&m;awG&JU jzpfNyD; ysufaewJhoabmukdÓPfESifhjrifatmifMunfhNyD; ]]tedpö}}vkdY ½I&w,f/ jzpfjcif;ysufjcif;qkdwJh'Pfcsufjzifh tjrJrjywf tn§Of;yef; tESdyfpufcHae&wJh oabmukd ÓPfESifh jrifatmifMunfhNyD; ]]'ku©}}vdkY ½I&w,f/ rysufpD;bJ tusdwftcJ tckdiftrm tESpfom&tm;jzifh wnfaewJh twår&SdwJhoabmukd ÓPfESifhjrifatmifMunfhNyD; ]]tewå}}vkdY ½I&w,f/ 'Dvkd ocFg&w&m;awGukd tedpö'ku© tewå vu©Pma&;okH;wef wpfvSnfhpDwifum ½IyGm;okH;oyfwJhtykdif;ukdom 0dyóemvdkY ac:qkdygw,f/

½kyfemrfukd ½Ir&bl;vkdY vufavQmhum rBudK;pm;wJhtwGuf ½kyfemrfukdrodwJhyk*¾dKvfç aMumif;usKd;qufEG,frI y#dpöorkyÜg'f oabmw&m;awGukdvnf; olrsm;tajymESifhom vGrf;aeojzifh ukd,fwkdifrodao;wJhyk*¾dKvf'Dvkd a,m*Dyk*¾dKvf&JUoEÅmefrSm b,fvkdvkyfNyD; 0dyóemÓPfu jzpfEkdifrvJ¿ 0dyóemÓPfESihf jynfhpkHjcif;qkdwJh 'Dy"med,*Fw&m;ESifhvnf;rjynfhpkHcJhvQif r*fzkdvfedAÁmefukd r&Ekdifbl;vkdYyJ bk&m;&Sifu a[mMum;awmfrlaeygw,f/

'gaMumifh 0dyóembm0em ur®|mef;ukd pD;jzef;awmhrnfh yk*¾dKvf[mbk&m;&Sif a[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJh ½kyfawGemrfawGukd a&S;OD;pGm odatmifBudK;pm;&awmhr,fqdkwJh tcsufukdawmh ,kHMunfcsuf o'gw&m; tjynfht0 &SdzkdYawmh vkdtyfygw,f/ 'D½kyfw&m;awGukdodatmif b,fvkd½IrvJ¿[kda&SUykdif;wkef;u "mwfur®|mef;taMumif;ukd ajymcJhw,f/ ckvnf; ½kyfw&m;awGukd od&SdzkdYtwGuf "mwfur®|mef;ukd jyefqufMu&atmif .../


"mwfur®|mef;tquf

"mwfBuD; (4)yg;ukd tm½kH,lum a&S;uajymcJhwJhtwkdif; orm"dukdtqifhqifh xlaxmifvm&m cEmukd,fukd rawGUawmhbJ tjzLtwkH;tcJukdawGUNyD; 'DtjzLtwkH;tcJrSmvnf; "mwfBuD; (4)yg;udkyJ qufvufodrf;qnf;um orm"dukd qufvufxlaxmifvkdufvQif a&cJwkH; zefwkH;rSefwkH;vkd MunfaewJh tMunf"mwf twkH;tcJBuD;ukd awGUNyDqkdvQif 'DtMunfjyif twkH;tcJrSm tmumo"mwfukd jrifatmif qufNyD; ½IvkdufEkdifygu ½kyfuvmyfrsm;ukd pwifawGU&SdEkdifygw,f/ ½kyfuvmyfqkdwm½kyfwkdY&JU tao;qkH; tzGJUtpnf;wpfck&JU trnfjzpfygw,f/ y&rwfw&m;awG[m wpfckcsif; wpfvkH;csif; jzpfEkdifwJhpGrf;tm; r&SdbJ tkyfpktvkdufomjzpfEkdifwJhpGrf;tm; &Sdw,f/ NydKifwljzpfwJhysufwJh ½kyftkyfpkwpfck&JU trnfjzpfygw,f/

'Dvkd ½kyfuvmyfawGukd awGUwJhtcgrSm ½kyfuvmyfwkdY&JU tvGefvsifvsifjrefjref jzpfysufaewJhoabmukd tm½kHr,lbJ "mwfoabmw&m;rsm;ukdom ESvkH;oGif;um "mwfukdom qufvufodrf;qnf;yg/ ½kyfuvmyfwpfckwpfcktwGif;rSm wnf&SdwJh "mwfBuD; (4)yg;ukd rodrf;qnf;Ekdif jzpfaeygu "mwfoabmw&m; wpfckpDukdom odrf;qnf;Munfhyg/ Oyrm-rmwJhoabm qkdMupkdY/ ½kyfuvmyftm;vkH;vdkYqkdwJh wpfukd,fvkH;ukd jcHKikHNyD;awmh rmwJhoabmudk ½Iyg/ xkdaemif ½kyfuvmyfwpfcktwGif;rSm rmwJhoabmukd ½Iyg/ atmifjrifrI&&Sdygu yHkpHwlyJ ½kyfuvmyftm;vkH;qkdwJhwpfukd,fvkH;ukd jcHKikHNyD; rmwJhoabm Murf;wJhoabm ESpfckukd ½IMunfhyg/½kyfuvmyf wpfckrSmvnf; rmwJhoabm Murf;wJhoabm ESpfckukd ½IMunfhyg/ atmifjrifrI&&Sdygu xyfumxyfum ½IzkdYawmh vkdtyfygw,f/atmifjrifrI &&Sdygu oabmw&m; okH;ckç av;ckç ig;ck ponfjzifh wpfpwpfp wkd;NyD; oabmw&m; (12)rsKd;ukd odrf;qnf;yg/


owdjyK&ef

'Dvkd "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JU oabmw&m; (12)rsKd;ukd odrf;qnf;wJhtykdif;rSm - yx0D"mwf oabmw&m; (6)rsKd;xJu rm-Murf;-av; qkdwJh*½kyx0D"mwf oabmw&m;rsm;[m ½kyfuvmyfwpfckrSm xif&Sm;yguaysmh-acsm-aygh qkdwJh v[kyx0D"mwf oabmw&m;rsm;[m rxif&Sm;wwfyg/ tvm;wlyJ aysmh-acsm-ayghoabmw&m;awG xif&Sm;vQifvnf;rm-Murf;-av;oabmw&m;awGu rxif&Sm;wwfygbl;/ y&rmPkjrLcefYtvGefYtvGef ao;i,fwJh ½kyfuvmyf trIefuav; wpfcktwGif;rSmrm-Murf;-av;-aysmh-acsm-aygh oabmw&m;tm;vkH; xif&Sm;zkdYqkdwmrjzpfEkdifwJh obm0aMumifh jzpfygw,f/ rm-aysmhç Murf;-acsmç av;-ayghqkdwJh oabmw&m;awG[m pGrf;tif'D*&D uGmjcm;rIom jzpfygw,f/rsm;rsm;rmwJhoabmukd rmw,fvkdY okH;EIef;NyD; enf;enf;rmwJhoabmukd aysmhw,fvkdY okH;EIef;jcif; jzpfygw,f/ tvm;wlyJ rsm;rsm;Murf;wJhoabmukd Murf;w,f? enf;enf;Murf;wJhoabmukd acsmw,f? rsm;rsm;av;wJh oabmukd av;w,f? enf;enf;av;wJhoabmukd ayghw,f?'Dvkd ac:a0:okH;pGJjcif;om jzpfygw,f/ 'gaMumifh --

r[m&m[kavm0g'okwåef pwJh xkdxkdokwåefawGrSm bk&m;&Sifuyx0D"mwfukd uu©VH c&d*wH (r-2-84/) - vkdY rmwJhoabmç Murf;-wJhoabmrQukdyJ a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/ "r®o*FPDygVdawmfrSmawmh w&m;emy&dowfjzpfMuwJh ewf-jA[®mwkdY&JU tZÑmo,"mwfukdMunhfNyD; (6)rsKd; a[mMum;xm;awmfrljcif; jzpfygw,f/

tmayg"mwf&JU ,kdpD;rIoabmESifh zGJUpnf;rIoabmuawmh ½kyfuvmyf wpfcktwGif;rSm ESpfrsKd;vkH;yJ xif&Sm;Ekdifygw,f/ 'gayrJh ½kyfuvmyfwpfcktwGif;rSm wnf&SdwJh ,kdpD;rIoabm[m jrpfa&awG pD;qif;aeovkd,kdpD;wJhoabmawmh r[kwf/ ½kyfuvmyfwpfckvkH;udk ysHUESHYvsuf pGwfpkd


aewJh oabmom jzpfygw,f/ 'DpGwfpkdaewJh oabmuyJ ½kyfuvmyfwpfckrSm&SdwJh uvmyfwl½kyfw&m;awGukd z½kdz&J MuJroGm;atmif zGJUpnf;NyD;awmhvnf; xm;ay;xm;ygw,f/

awaZm"mwf&JU ylrIoabm at;rIoabmqkdwJh oabmw&m;ESpfck[mvnf; tvGefao;i,faewJh ½kyfuvmyfwpfcktwGif;rSm ESpfckvkH;NydKifwl rjzpfEkdifygbl;/ ylrI xif&Sm;ygu at;rI rxif&Sm;bl;? at;rIxif&Sm;ygu ylrI rxif&Sm;bl;? wpfckpDyJ xif&Sm;ygw,f/

0ga,m"mwf&JU axmufuefrIoabmESifh wGef;uefrIoabmuawmhESpfrsKd;vkH; xif&Sm;ygw,f/ axmufuefrIoabmu obm0vu©Pmjzpfygw,f/ wGef;uefrIoabmu 0ga,m"mwf&JU &o (= vkyfief;udpö)jzpfygw,f/

jcHKNyD;ajymvQifawmh uvmyfwpfckwpfckrSm --

1/ rm-Murf;-av;ç ,dkpD;-zGJUpnf;ç ylç axmuf-wGef; - okdYr[kwf

2/ rm-Murf;-av;ç ,kdpD;-zGJUpnf;ç at;ç axmuf-wGef; - okdYr[kwf

3/ aysmh-acsm-ayghç ,kdpD;-zGJUpnf;ç ylç axmuf-wGef; - odkYr[kwf

4/ aysmh-acsm-ayghç ,kdpD;-zGJUpnf;ç at;ç axmuf-wGef; --

'Dvkdoabmw&m; (8)ckpDawmh xif&Sm;ygw,f/ aygif;vkdufawmh"mwfBuD; (4)yg; jzpfygw,f/ 'D"mwfBuD; (4)yg;ukd ½kyfuvmyf wpfckwpfcktwGif;rSm NydKifwl odrf;qnf;Ekdifatmif Budrfzefrsm;pGm avhusifhyg/

½kyfuvmyfawGukd tMurf;pm;tm;jzifh cGJwrf;csvkdufvQif ckvkdawGUprSm MunfwJh½kyfuvmyf rMunfwJh½kyfuvmyf qkdNyD; ½kyfuvmyfESpfrsKd;&Sdygw,f/ rsufpd-em;-ESm-vQm-ukd,f-ESvkH; qkdwJh 'Gg& (6)yg;vkH;rSmyJMunfwJh½kyfuvmyf rMunfwJh½kyfuvmyf ESpfrsKd;pD &SdMuygw,f/ 'Gg&wkdif;


'Gg&wkdif;rSmyJ MunfwJh½kyfuvmyfrSm "mwf (4)yg;ç rMunfwJh½kyfuvmyfrSm"mwf (4)yg;ukd jrifatmif ½Iyg? odrf;qnf;yg? ÓPfjzifh ykdif;jcm;,lyg/'Dvkd odrf;qnf;EkdifwJhtqifhukdyJ &nf&G,fawmfrlvsuf bk&m;&Sifu r[mowdy|meokwåefrSm EGm;owfa,mufsm;udk Oyrmxm;NyD;awmh w&m;awmfukd 'Dvkd qufvufa[mMum;xm;awmfrlw,f/

EGm;owfa,mufsm; Oyrmao,sxmyd bdu©a0 'au©m a*gCmwaum 0g a*gCmwuaEÅ-

0goD 0g *g0ð 0"dwGm pwkr[myax Advaom 0dbZdwGm edodaEémtó/ {0ar0 acg bdu©a0 bdu©K £rar0 um,H ,xmXdwH,xmyPd[dwH "mwkaom ypöa0u©wd ]]tw¬d £ro® ð uma,yx0D"mwk tmayg"mwk awaZm"mwk 0ga,m"mwl}}wd/ (r-1-73/)

bdu©a0 =bdu©a0 =bdu©a0 =bdu©a0 =bdu©a0 = &[ef;wkdY .../ ao,sxmyd = ao,sxmyd = ao,sxmyd = ao,sxmyd = ao,sxmyd = jzpfoifhjzpf&m EIdif;ckdif;zG,f&m avmuOyrmrnfonfum;/ 'au©m = 'au©m = 'au©m = 'au©m = 'au©m = uRrf;usifvdr®maom/a*gCmwaum 0g =a*gCmwaum 0g =a*gCmwaum 0g =a*gCmwaum 0g =a*gCmwaum 0g = EGm;owfa,mufsm;onfvnf;aumif;/ a*gCm- a*gCm- a*gCm- a*gCm- a*gCm-wuaEÅ0goD 0g =wuaEÅ0goD 0g =wuaEÅ0goD 0g =wuaEÅ0goD 0g =wuaEÅ0goD 0g = EGm;owfa,mufsm;\ wynfhonfvnf;aumif;/*g*g*g*g*g00000 ð =ð =ð =ð =ð = EGm;rukd/ 0"dwGm = 0"dwGm = 0"dwGm = 0"dwGm = 0"dwGm = owfí/ pwkr[myax = pwkr[myax = pwkr[myax = pwkr[myax = pwkr[myax = vrf;rav;jzmaygif;qkH&mt&yfü/ Advaom 0dbZdwGm = Advaom 0dbZdwGm = Advaom 0dbZdwGm = Advaom 0dbZdwGm = Advaom 0dbZdwGm = EGm;om; (trJom;) ukdt½kd;wjcm; tom;wjcm; ponfjzifh wpfykHpD wpfykHpD cGJjcm;a0zefí/edodaEém =edodaEém =edodaEém =edodaEém =edodaEém = a&mif;cs&ef xkdifaeonf/ tó = tó = tó = tó = tó = jzpfav&m\/

bdu©a0 =bdu©a0 =bdu©a0 =bdu©a0 =bdu©a0 = &[ef;wkdY .../ {0ar0 acg = {0ar0 acg = {0ar0 acg = {0ar0 acg = {0ar0 acg = þOyrmtwlyifvQif/bdu©K =bdu©K =bdu©K =bdu©K =bdu©K = a,m*g0p& &[ef;onf/ ,xmXdwH = ,xmXdwH = ,xmXdwH = ,xmXdwH = ,xmXdwH = wnfjrJwkdif;aom/,xmyPd[dwH =,xmyPd[dwH =,xmyPd[dwH =,xmyPd[dwH =,xmyPd[dwH = xm;jrJwkdif;aom/ £rar0 um,H = £rar0 um,H = £rar0 um,H = £rar0 um,H = £rar0 um,H = þ½lyum,BuD;ukdyif/ ]]£ro£ro£ro£ro£ro®® ®® ® ð uma, =ð uma, =ð uma, =ð uma, =ð uma, = þ½lyum,ü/ yx0D"mwk = yx0D"mwk = yx0D"mwk = yx0D"mwk = yx0D"mwk =yx0D"mwfonf/ tmayg"mwk tmayg"mwk tmayg"mwk tmayg"mwk tmayg"mwk ===== tmayg"mwfonf/ awaZm"mwk =awaZm"mwk =awaZm"mwk =awaZm"mwk =awaZm"mwk =


awaZm"mwfonf/ 0ga,m"mwk0ga,m"mwk0ga,m"mwk0ga,m"mwk0ga,m"mwk ===== 0ga,m"mwfonf/ tw¬dtw¬dtw¬dtw¬dtw¬d ===== &Sd\/}}£wd£wd£wd£wd£wd ===== þokdY/ "mwkaom ="mwkaom ="mwkaom ="mwkaom ="mwkaom = "mwfoabmtpktykHtm;jzifh/ ypöa0u©wd ypöa0u©wd ypöa0u©wd ypöa0u©wd ypöa0u©wd===== toD;toD; wpfvkH;pDwpfvkH;pD ÓPfjzifh cGJjcm;pdwfjzmvsuf qifjcifokH;oyf ½IyGm;í aeav\/

'DOyrmpum;&yfu bmukd qkdvkdovJ¿t|uxmrsm;u (r-|-1-276/) - 'Dvkd &Sif;jyxm;ygw,f/ --

EGm;owfa,mufsm;[m EGm;ukd auR;arG;aepOftcgç EGm;ukd owfrnfhae&mokdY ac:aqmifoGm;wJhtcgç owfrnfhae&ma&mufawmh csnfwkdifrSmowfzkdY&ef BudK;ESifhcsnfaESmifxm;wJhtcgç owfwJhtcgç owfNyD; taoaumiftwkdif; awGUjrifae&wJhtcg - 'Dtcsdeftcgtm;vkH;rSm ]]EGm;}}qkdwJhtrSwfonm[m olU&JUoEÅmefrSm &Sdaewkef;yJ jzpfw,f/ 'gayrJh EGm;ukdzsufNyD;awmh tom;awGudk wpfykHç t½kd;awGukd wpfykHç tlawGukd wpfykHçtonf;awGukd wpfykH ponfjzifh wpfykHpD wpfykHpD ykHNyD; vrf;rav;jzmaygif;qkHwJh vrf;av;cGrSm xkdifNyD;awmh a&mif;csaewJhtcgrSm 'DEGm;owfa,mufsm;&JU oEÅmefrSm ]]EGm;}}qkdwJh trSwfonmu aysmufoGm;w,f/]]EGm;om; (trJom;)}} qkdwJh trSwfonmom &Sdaew,f/ olUoEÅmefrSm]]igu EGm; a&mif;aew,f? 0,fwJholawGuvnf; EGm; vm0,faew,f}}qkdwJh trSwfonm r&Sdawmhbl;/ ]]igu EGm;om; (trJom;)ukd a&mif;aew,f/ 'DvlawGuvnf; ighxHrSm EGm;om; (trJom;) vm0,faeMuw,f}}qkdwJh 'Dvkd trSwfonmom &Sdaew,f/

'DykHpHtwkdif;yJ - vlyJjzpfjzpf &[ef;yJjzpfjzpf a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;[m y&rwfukd xkd;xGif; rodwwfwJh y&rwfÓPfynmrsufpdumPf;aewJh a&S;,cif AmvykxkZefjzpfpOfu ]]ig-olwpfyg;-a,mufsm;-rdef;r-yk*¾dKvf-owå0g}}qkdwJh trSwfonm[m &Sdaeao;w,f/ ruG,faysmufao;bl;/ --


,m0 £rar0 um,H ,xmXdwH ,xmyPd[dwH Ce0dedaAÇm*HuwGm "mwkaom e ypöa0u©wd/ "mwkaom ypöa0u©awm yeóowåonm tEÅ&"m,wd? "mwk0aoae0 pdwåH oEÅd|wd/

(r-|-1-276/)

Ce0dedaAÇm*EÅd oEÅwdorl[udpöCemeH 0dedAÇ KZeH 0da0peH/ "mwk-aom ypöa0u©awmwd Ce0dedaAÇm*u&aPe "mwkH "mwkH yx0Dtm'd-"mwkH 0dokH 0dokH uwGm ypöa0u©EÅó/ owåonmwd twåmEk'd|d0aoey0wåm onmwd 0'EÅd? a0g[m&0aoe y0wåonm,yd w'g tEÅ&"meH,kwåar0 ,mxm0awm Ce0daAÇm*ó orÜm'eawm/ {0H [d owd,xm0kwåMoyr®aw¬e Oyar,saw¬m tn'w¬K oHoE´wd oarwd/awae0g[ ]]"mwk0aoae0 pdwåH oEÅd|wD}}wd/ (r-#D-1-365-366/)

wnfjrJwkdif; xm;jrJwkdif;jzpfwJh 'DcEmukd,fBuD;ukd ½kyfwkH;-½kyfcJ-½kyfCeac:wJh twkH;tcJawGukd ÓPfESifh NzdKcGJzsufqD;NyD;awmh ½kyfuvmyf wpfckwpfck twGif;rSm&SdaewJh "mwfBuD; (4)yg;ukd rodrf;qnf;Ekdifao;orQumvywfvkH; owåonm[m ruG,faysmufEkdifao;bl;/ 'gayrJh a,m*D&[ef;u "mwfur®|mef;udk tpDtpOfwus pepfwus odrf;qnf;vkdufEkdifvkdY Ceac:wJh ½kyfwkH;½kyfcJawGukd ÓPfESifhNzdKcGJNyD;awmh ½kyfuvmyfwpfckwpfck twGif;rSm&SdwJh "mwfBuD; (4)yg;ukd odrf;qnf;EkdifNyD ÓPfjzifhykdif;jcm;,lEkdifNyDqkdvQifawmh xkda,m*Dyk*¾dKvf&JU oEÅmefrSm --

1/ ig-olwpfyg;-a,mufsm;-rdef;r-yk*¾dKvf-owå0gvYkd avmuvlwkdY ac:a0:wJhtwkdif; ig-olwpfyg;-a,mufsm;-rdef;r-yk*¾dKvf-owå0gqkdwmwu,fxif&Sm; &Sdw,fvkdY pGJvrf;,kHMunfaewJh avmuornmtwåpGJç

2/ toufaumifç vdyfjymaumifç 0dnmPfaumifç ZD0aumifç twåaumifqkdwm wu,fxif&Sm;&Sdw,fvkdY pGJvrf;,kHMunfaewJh twå-


'd|dpGJ --

tJ'D twåpGJawG[m uG,faysmufoGm;ygw,f/ "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wkdY&JUtpktykHtjzpfESifhom ÓPfxJrSm awGUaeygw,f/ 'Dae&mrSm t|uxm#DumwkdYu ½kyfCeac:wJh ½kyfwkH;½kyfcJukd okH;rsKd;&Sdw,fvkdY zGifhjyxm;Muygw,f/ 'DokH;rsKd;u bmawGvJ¿ --

1/ oEÅwdCeqkdwJh ½kyftpOftwef; twkH;tcJç

2/ orl[CeqkdwJh ½kyftaygif;tpk twkH;tcJç

3/ udpöCeqkdwJh ½kyfvkyfief;udpö twkH;tcJ --

'D Ce (= twkH;tcJ) okH;rsKd; jzpfygw,f/

1/ oEÅwdCe = oEÅwdCe = oEÅwdCe = oEÅwdCe = oEÅwdCe = ½kyftpOftwef;twkH;tcJ

½kyftpOftwef; twkH;tcJ qkdwmuawmh ½kyfuvmyf wpfckwpfcktwGif;rSm awaZm"mwfyg0ifygw,f/ 'DawaZm"mwfukdyJ OwkvkdYvnf;ac:w,f/ pu©K'ouuvmyfwkdYvkd ur®Z½kyfuvmyfawGrSm&SdwJh awaZm"mwf (= Owk) jzpfcJhr,fqdkvQif av;qifh ig;qifhavmuf ½kyfuvmyftopftopfawGukd jzpfapw,f/ tJ'DjzpfvmwJh ½kyfuvmyfawG[mwpfOwk ac:wJh awaZm"mwfwpfckrS qifhuJaygufzGm;vmMuwmawGjzpfw,f/

tJ'D ½kyfuvmyfawGukd ½kyfuvmyfwpfckpD cGJjcm;NyD;awmh rjrifbJtpOftwef;wpfckvkd jrifcJhr,fqdkvQif oEÅwdCe rNydKao;bl;/ oEÅwdCeu zkH;tkyfaew,fvkdY qkd&w,f/ uvmyfwpfckcsif; cGJjcm;NyD; jrifvQifawmh oEÅwdCe (= ½kyftpOftwef; twkH;tcJ) NydKoGm;NyD jzpfygw,f/<uif;usefwJh ur®Zuvmyfç OwkZuvmyfç pdwåZuvmyfç tm[m&ZuvmyfawGrSmvnf; enf;wlyJ oabmaygufyg/


2/ orl[Ce = orl[Ce = orl[Ce = orl[Ce = orl[Ce = ½kyftaygif;tpktwkH;tcJ

½kyfuvmyfawGukd cGJjcm;NyD;jrifayrJh ½kyfuvmyf wpfckwpfckrSm wnf&SdaewJh (8)rsKd; (9)rsKd; (10)rsKd; pwJh ½kyfy&rwfw&m;awGukd wpfvkH;pDwpfvkH;pD cGJjcm;pdwfjzmNyD;awmh - ]]þum; yx0Dç þum; tmaygç þum;awaZmç þum; 0ga,m}} ponfjzifh rodrf;qnf;Ekdifao;bl;qkdvQiforl[Ce (= ½kyftaygif;tpk twkH;tcJ) rNydKao;ygbl;/

½kyfuvmyfwpfckwpfcktwGif;rSm &SdwJh y&rw¬"mwfom; ½kyfw&m;awGukd wpfvkH;pD wpfvkH;pD cGJjcm;pdwfjzmNyD; - ]]þum; yx0Dç þum;tmaygç þum; awaZmç þum; 0ga,m}}ponfjzifh cGJjcm;pdwfjzmNyD;ÓPfESifh ykdif;jcm;,lEkdifr,f odrf;qnf;Ekdifr,fqdkvQif orl[Ce (= ½kyftaygif;tpk twkH;tcJ) NydKNyD jzpfygw,f/

3/ udpöCe = udpöCe = udpöCe = udpöCe = udpöCe = ½kyfvkyfief;udpötwkH;tcJ

½kyfuvmyf wpfckwpfcktwGif;rSm wnf&SdwJh (8)rsKd; (9)rsKd; (10)rsKd;pwJh ½kyfy&rwfw&m;awGukd ÓPfjzifh ykdif;jcm;,lNyD; odrf;qnf;NyD;wJhtcgtJ'D ½kyfuvmyfwpfck twGif;rSm&SdwJh ½kyfw&m; toD;toD;&JU vkyfief;udpöukd odatmif vu©P-&o-ypöKy|mef-y'|mefenf;tm;jzifh wpfzef½kyfawGukd xyfNyD; odrf;qnf;&ygw,f/ ÓPfESifh ykdif;jcm;,l&ygw,f/'Dvkd ½kyfvmyf wpfckwpfck twGif;rSm&SdwJh ½kyfy&rwfw&m;wkdif;&JU vkyfief;udpö&yfukd cGJjcm;pdwfjzmNyD; ÓPfESifh ykdif;jcm;,lEkdifvQif ½kyfvkyfief;udpötwkH;tcJ NydKNyD jzpfygw,f/

'Dvkd½kyfCeokH;rsKd;ukd ÓPfESifh cGJjcm;pdwfjzmNyD; ½IEdkifygrS CeNydKygrSy&rwfokdY ÓPftjrifqkdufr,f/ y&rwfodkY ÓPftjrifqkdufygrS tewåa&mifjcnfawmf ae0ef;BuD;[m wifhw,fpGm xGufay:vmrSm jzpfygw,f/Ceac:wJh ½kyftwkH;tcJ NydKa&;twGuf ½kyfuvmyfwpfckwpfcktwGif;rSm


&SdwJh 0PÖ = tqif;ç *E¨ = teYHç &o = t&omç MoZm = tqDtap;tp&SdwJh Oyg'g½kyfawGukd qufvufodrf;qnf;&ygw,f/

Oyg'g½kyfrsm;ukd odrf;qnf;ykH

'Gg& (6)yg;rSm&SdwJh MunfwJh½kyfuvmyfrSm "mwf (4)yg;ç rMunfwJh½kyfuvmyfrSmvnf; "mwf (4)yg;ukd odrf;qnf;EkdifvQif a&SUqufNyD; Oyg'g½kyfawGukd odrf;qnf;&ef 'Dvkd ñTefMum;xm;ygw,f/ --

£ar pwåma&m r[mblaw y&d*¾PSEÅó Oyg'g½lyH ygu#H a[mwd/r[mblwH emr Oyg'g½laye y&dpädEéH? Oyg'g½lyH r[mblawe/ ,xmtmwayg emr qm,m, y&dpädaEém? qm,m tmwaye? {0ar0r[mblwH Oyg'g½laye y&dpädEéH? Oyg'g½lyH r[mblawe ...

ponfjzifh oar®m[0daem'eDt|uxm pmrsufESm (241) ponfwdkYrSm zGifhqkdxm;ygw,f/ qkdvkd&if;ukd ajymMu&atmif .../

ckvkd ½kyfuvmyf wpfckwpfcktwGif;rSm&SdwJh "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wkdYukdodrf;qnf;wJh ÓPfjzifh ykdif;jcm;,lwwfwJh a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JU todÓPfrSm 'D"mwfBuD; (4)yg;ukd rSDwG,fjzpfay:aewJh Oyg'g½kyfawG[mxif&Sm;vmygw,f/ taMumif;jycsufuawmh 'Dvkdyg/ --

r[mbkwf = "mwfBuD; (4)yg;ukd Oyg'g½kyfjzifh ykdif;jcm;xm;tyfw,f/b,fvkd ykdif;jcm;xm;ovJ¿ Oyrm - ½kyfuvmyfwpfck[m tndKa&mifESifhaygif;qkHrdcJhaomf tJ'D½kyfuvmyfukd tndKa&mif½kyfuvmyfvkdYyJ ykdif;jcm;rSwfom;&w,f/ ½kyfuvmyfwpfck[m t0ga&mifESifh aygif;qkHrdr,fqdkvQifvnf; tJ'D½kyfuvmyfukd t0ga&mif½kyfuvmyfvYkdyJ ykdif;jcm;rSwfom;&w,f/ 'DtndKa&mif t0ga&mifqkdwJh ta&miftqif;awG[muvmyfwl"mwf (4)yg;ukd rSDwG,fjzpfay:vmwJh 0PÖ"mwf (= ½lyg½kH) -Oyg'g½kyf jzpfygw,f/ qkdvkdwmu tndKa&mif t0ga&mifqkdwmu


bmawG&JU ta&miftqif;awGvJvkdYar;vQif rdrdwkdYESifh uvmyfwl "mwf(4)yg;wkdY&JU tndKa&mif odkYr[kwf t0ga&mifawG jzpfygw,f/

tvm;wlyJ ½kyfuvmyfwpfck[m aumif;whJteHYESifh aygif;qkHrdvQifteHYaumif;wJh ½kyfuvmyfvkdYç raumif;wJhteHYESifh aygif;qkHrdvQifvnf;teHYraumif;wJh ½kyfuvmyfvkdY 'Dvkd ydkif;jcm;rSwfom;&w,f/ 'D aumif;wJhteHY raumif;wJhteHYqkdwmvnf; rdrdwkdYESifh uvmyfwl "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wkdY&JU teHYom jzpfygw,f/ usefaewJh Oyg'g½kyfawGukdvnf; ykHpHwlyJoabmaygufyg/ Oyrm - t0wfydwfpwpfck[m t0ga&mif okdYr[kwftndKa&mif &Sdw,fç aumif;wJhteHY okdYr[kwf raumif;wJhteHY &Sdw,fqkdMupkdY/ t0wfydwfpwpfckESifh "mwfBuD; (4)yg;[m wlnDw,f? 'Dt0wfydwfpukd rSDwG,fjzpfay:vmwJh tndKa&mif t0ga&mif aumif;wJhteHYraumif;wJhteHY pwJh oabmw&m;awG[m Oyg'g½kyfESifh wlnDw,f/

'gaMumifh ½kyfuvmyf wpfcktwGif;rSm wnf&SdwJh "mwfBuD; (4)yg;ukdyJndKw,fç 0gw,fç teHYaumif;w,fç teHYraumif;bl; ponfjzifh ,if;uvmyfwl tqif; teHY pwJh Oyg'g½kyfu ykdif;jcm;rSwfom;ay;w,f/'Dvkd Oyg'g½kyfawGu ykdif;jcm; rSwfom;ay;wJhtwGuf 'D½kyfuvmyfupu©K'ouuvmyf jzpfw,f? 'D½kyfuvmyfu aomw'ouuvmyfjzpfw,f - ponfjzifh a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu cGJjcm;Ekdifjcif; jzpfw,f/

tvm;wlyJ Oyg'g½kyfukd r[mbkwf = "mwfBuD; (4)yg;jzifh ykdif;jcm;rSwfom;&w,f/ 'Dr[mbkwf = "mwfBuD; (4)yg;ukd rSDwG,fjzpfay:aewJh'D uvmyfwlOyg'g½kyf[m tJ'D uvmyfwlr[mbkwf = "mwfBuD; (4)yg;&JUtjyifbufrSm r&SdEkdifwJhtwGufaMumifh jzpfw,f/ qkdvkdwmuawmh ½kyfuvmyfwkdY&JU tqif; teHY ..pwJh Oyg'g½kyfawG[m tJ'D uvmyfwl½kyfuvmyfrSm&SdwJh "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wkdY&JU tqif; teHY ponfawGomjzpfw,f/ tJ'DuvmyfxJu "mwfBuD; (4)yg;ukd y,fEkwfvkdufvQif 'D


tqif; teHYawGvnf; r&SdEkdifawmhbl;/ 'gaMumifh Oyg'g½kyfawGukdvnf;r[mbkwfu ykdif;jcm;ay;xm;w,f/

Oyrm - aeomaewJh aeYwpfaeYrSm qkdMupkdY ../ aea&mifjcnfuajrBuD;ay:rSm usa&mufaeNyDç opfyif&dyfawGuvnf; ajrBuD;ay:rSmyJusa&mufaeNyD qkdMupkdY/ aea&mifjcnfaMumifh ajrBuD;ay:rSm opfyif&dyfpwJh t&dyfawG jzpfay:vm&w,f/ aea&mifjcnfaMumifh t&dyf&JU jzpfay:vmrI[m t&dyfESifhaea&mifjcnfwkdY&JU wpfckESifhwpfck tcsif;csif; ykdif;jcm;rIukd jyKjcif;yifjzpfw,f/ rsufpdtjrif&SdwJh yk*¾dKvfu ajrBuD;ukd vSrf;MunfhvdkufwJhtcg aea&mifjcnfaMumifh ]]'gu opfyif&dyfç 'gu aea&mifjcnf}}ponfjzifh cGJjcm;NyD; odEkdifw,f/ aea&mifjcnfu ]]'g[m opfyif&dyfyJ}}vkdYykdif;jcm;ay;w,f/ tvm;wlyJ opfyif&dyfuvnf; ]]'g[m aea&mifjcnfyJ}}vkdY ykdif;jcm;ay;w,f/

tvm;wlyJ r[mbkwf = "mwfBuD; (4)yg;ukd Oyg'g½kyfjzifh ykdif;jcm;xm;w,f/ Oyg'g½kyfukdvnf; r[mbkwf = "mwfBuD; (4)yg;jzifh ykdif;jcm;xm;w,f/ aea&mifjcnfESifh "mwfBuD; (4)yg;[m wlw,f/ aea&mifjcnfaMumifh jzpfay:vm&wJh opfyif&dyf ponfESifh Oyg'g½kyf[m wlw,f/

'gaMumifh ½kyfuvmyfwpfcktwGif;rSm&SdwJh "mwfBuD; (4)yg;ukd ÓPfjzifh ykdif;jcm;,lvkdY ½IvkdY &EkdifwJh a,m*D&JUtodÓPfrSm tJ'D½kyfuvmyfrSm&SdwJh "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wkdY&JU ta&miftqif;ç "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wkdY&JU teHYç"mwfBuD; (4)yg;wkdY&JU t&omç "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wkdY&JU tqDtap; pwJhOyg'g½kyfawG[m xif&Sm;vmygw,fvdkY t|uxmrsm;u zGifhqkdxm;jcif;jzpfygw,f/

0PÖ = ½lyg½kH -- ½kyfuvmyfwkdif;rSm 0PÖ = ½lyg½kH = ta&miftqif;&Sdygw,f/ ½kyfuvmyfawGukd a,m*Du ÓPfESifhawGUjrifaewm[m 'Dta&miftqif;&SdaewJh taMumif;vnf; wpfck yg0ifygw,f/


*E¨ = *E¨m½kH = teHY -- aemufwpfckuawmh ½kyfuvmyfwkdif;rSmteHY&Sdygw,f? aumif;wJhteHY jzpfcsifjzpfr,f? raumif;wJhteHY jzpfcsifvnf;jzpfr,f/ vG,fvG,fululESifh rawGUEkdifvQifawmh ESmacgif;tMunf"mwf (= ESmacgif;rSm&SdwJh ½kyfuvmyfawGxJu MunfwJh½kyfuvmyfwkdY&JUtMunf"mwf)ESifh b0ifraemtMunf"mwf ESpfckukd yl;wGJodrf;qnf;um½kyfuvmyftrsm;pk&JU teHYukd ½IMunfhyg/

atmifjrifygu ½kyfuvmyfwpfck&JU teHYukd quf½IMunfhyg/ teHY[mCme0dnmPfpdwfjzifhvnf; odEkdifwJhç raem0dnmPfpdwfjzifhvnf; odEkdifwJhCme0dan,s raem0dan,sw&m; jzpfygw,f/ Cme0dnmPfpdwfuteHYukdodwJhpdwf jzpfw,f/ Cme0dnmPfpdwfu Cmeyom' (= ESmtMunf"mwf)ukd rSDNyD;awmhjzpfw,f/ raem0dnmPfpdwfuvnf; teHYukdodEkdifw,f/ 'Draem0dnmPfpdwfuawmh tm½kH (6)yg;vkH;ukd odEkdifwJhpdwfjzpfw,f/ 'Draem0dnmPfpdwfu b0ifraemtMunf"mwf raem'Gg&ukdtpGJjyKNyD;awmh [',0w¬K½kyfukd rSDwG,fNyD; jzpfw,f/

'gaMumifh ½kyfuvmyfwpfcktwGif;rSm wnf&SdwJh teHYukd vG,fvG,fulul ½IvkdYr&cJhvQif CmetMunf"mwf b0ifraemtMunf"mwf ESpfckukdyl;wGJodrf;qnf;um ½kyfuvmyfwdkY&JUteHYukd odrf;qnf;&ef tMuHay;jcif;jzpfygw,f/ aemufykdif; ½IwwfoGm;vQif raem0dnmPfac:wJh 0dyóempdwfoufoufjzifhvnf; ½IvkdY&ygw,f/

&o = &om½kH = t&om -- aemufwpfckuawmh &om½kH jzpfygw,f/teHYukd½INyD;ygu t&omukd quf½IMunfhyg/ tcuftcJ&Sdygu Zd0SgtMunf"mwfESifh b0ifraemtMunf"mwfukd yl;wGJodrf;qnf;um ½kyfuvmyfwkdY&JUt&omukd ½IMunfhyg/ &om½kH[mvnf; Zd0Sg0dnmPfjzifh odEkdifwJh Zd0Sg-0dan,sw&m;vnf; jzpfw,f? raem0dnmPfjzifh odEkdifwJh raem0dan,sw&m;vnf; jzpfw,f/ atmifjrifrIukd &&Sdygu ½kyfuvmyf wpfck&JU


t&omukd quf½IMunfhyg/ tusifh&vmygu 0dyóempdwfqdkwJh raem-0dnmPfoufoufjzifhvnf; t&omukd ½IvkdY&ygw,f/

MoZm = tqDtap; -- aemufwpfckuawmh MoZmac:wJh tqDtap; jzpfygw,f/ bmtqDtap;vJvkdY ar;vQif "mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JUtqDtap;yJ jzpfw,fvkdY tajzay;&r,f/ 'DtqDtap;ukd uvmyfwpfcktwGif;rSmyJ jrifatmif½Iyg/ rsm;aomtm;jzifh tm[m&ZMoZm&JUtaxmuftyhHukd &wJhtcg 'DuvmyfwpfcktwGif;rSm&SdwJh tqDtap;u½kyfuvmyftopftopfukd jzpfapygw,f/

tm;vkH; aygif;vkdufvQif - MunfwJh½kyfuvmyfrSm ]]yx0D-tmayg-awaZm-0ga,m-0PÖ-*E¨-&o-MoZm}} qkdNyD; oabmw&m; (8)rsKd;?rMunfwJh½kyfuvmyfrSmvnf; tvm;wl oabmw&m; (8)rsKd;yJ/ 'Gg&(6)yg;vkH;rSm ½Iyg? odrf;qnf;yg? ÓPfjzifh ykdif;jcm;,lyg/

ZD0dw = ZD0dwda`E´ = ½kyftouf

atmifjrifrI &&Sdygu MunfwJh ½kyfuvmyfrSm ZD0dwukd qufvufodrf;qnf;yg/ MunfwJh½kyfuvmyftm;vkH;[m twdwfuuHaMumifhjzpfwJhur®Z½kyfawGom jzpfwJhtwGuf ur®Zuvmyfwkdif;rSmvnf; ZD0dw tjrJwrf; yg0ifwJhtwGuf MunfwJh½kyfuvmyfrSm ZD0dwukd pwifNyD; &SmazGjcif;jzpfygw,f/ ZD0dwqkdwmu uvmyfwl½kyfwdkYukd apmifha&Smufay;aewJhoabm touf&SifoefaewJhoabm jzpfygw,f/ MunfwJh½kyfuvmyftwGif;rSm ckajymcJhwJh ½kyfoabmw&m; (8)rsKd;ukd NydKifwlvkdvkd ÓPfxJrSmxifvmatmif jrifvmatmif odrf;qnf;NyD;wJhtcg 'DZD0dwukd quf½IMunfhyg/ touf&SifNyD; vIyf&Sm;aewJhç vIyfvIyf vIyfvIyfESifh touf0ifaewJh obm0wpfckukd awGUEkdifygw,f/ awGUvQif uvmyfwl ½kyfw&m;awGukd apmifha&SmufaewJhoabmukdyg jrifatmif qufMunfhyg/


atmifjrifrI&&Sdygu MunfwJh½kyfuvmyfrSm yx0D-tmayg-awaZm-0ga,m-0PÖ-*E¨-&o-MoZm-ZD0dw-MunfaewJhobm0wpfck - aygif;vkdufawmh oabmw&m; (10)ck jzpfoGm;NyD/ 'Gg& (6)yg;vkH;rSm &SdwJhMunfwJh½kyfuvmyfawGrSm quf½IMunhfyg/

MunfwJh½kyfuvmyfrSm ZD0dwukd &SmazGawGU&Sdygu rMunfwJh½kyfuvmyfrSmvnf; yx0D-tmayg-awaZm-0ga,m-0PÖ-*E¨-&o-MoZmqkdwJh oabmw&m; (8)rsKd;ukd odrf;qnf;NyD;wJhtcg ZD0dwukd quf&SmMunfhyg/ rMunfwJh½kyfuvmyfawGtcsKdUrSm ZD0dw&SdayrJh rMunfwJh½kyfuvmyfawGtcsKdUrSm ZD0dwu r&Sdygbl;/ pdwåZ½kyfuvmyf OwkZ½kyfuvmyf tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfawGvnf; rMunfMuygbl;? 'gayrJh ZD0dwr&SdMubl;? rsm;aomtm;jzifh MoZmtxd (8)ckpDyJ &SdMuw,f/ rMunfwJh½kyfuvmyfrSm ZD0dwukd &SmazGawGU&Sdygu bm0½kyfukd qufNyD; &SmMunfhyg/

'gayrJh ZD0dwe0uuvmyfwkdYvkd wcsKdU½kyfuvmyfawG[m ZD0dw&Sdaomfvnf; bm0½kyf r&Sdwwfygbl;/ bm0'ou-uvmyfwkdYvkd ½kyfuvmyfawGrSmom ZD0dwESifh bm0½kyfwkdY &SdMuygw,f/

bm0½kyfqkdwmu trsKd;om;vkdYodavmufwJh trSwftom; okdYr[kwftrsKd;orD;vkdYodavmufwJh trSwftom;wpfck jzpfygw,f/ trsKd;om;a,m*DrSm trsKd;om;bm0½kyf&SdNyD; trsKd;orD;a,m*DrSm trsKd;orD;bm0½kyf &Sdwwfygw,f/ 'Gg& (6)yg;vkH;rSm quf½IMunfhyg/ 'Gg& (6)yg;vkH;rSmMunfwJh½kyfuvmyfrSm ½kyfoabmw&m; (10)rsKd;ç rMunfwJh½kyfuvmyfrSm½kyfoabmw&m; (10)rsKd;ukd odrf;qnf;NyD;wJhtcg MunfwJh½kyfuvmyfawGukd wpfqifh xyfcGJzkdY vkdvmw,f/

pu©K'Gg& = rsufpd qkdygawmh/ rsufpdu ½lyg½kHta&mifukdvnf;odw,f/rsufpdukd oGm;NyD; t&m0w¬KwpfckckESifh xdMunfhvQif xdrIukdvnf;odw,f/


ta&mifukdodwJh pu©K0dnmPfpdwfu pu©Kyom' ac:wJh pu©KtMunf"mwfukd rSDjzpfw,f/ xdrIukdodwJh um,0dnmPfpdwfu um,yom'ac:wJh ukd,ftMunf"mwfukd rSDjzpfw,f/ 'gaMumifh rsufpdrSm pu©Kyom'(= pu©KtMunf"mwf) yg0ifwJh pu©K'ouuvmyfvnf; &Sdw,f/ um,yom' (= ukd,ftMunf"mwf) yg0ifwJh um,'ouuvmyfvnf;&Sdw,f/ 'DtMunf"mwf ESpfckukd odkYr[kwf 'DMunfwJh½kyfuvmyf ESpfckukdcGJjcm;NyD; odrf;qnf;&rSm jzpfw,f/

'Dvkd odrf;qnf;awmhr,fqdkvQif pu©K'Gg& pwJh 'Gg& (6)yg;rSm 'Gg&wpfckwpfckrSm ½kyfuvmyf b,fESpfrsKd;&Sdw,fqkdwmudk BudKwifodxm;zkdYvkdygw,f/ 0dok'dr*¾t|uxm 'kwd,wGJ pmrsufESm (259)rSm 'Gg& (6)yg;rSm&SdwJh ½kyfw&m;awGukd 'Dvkd a&wGufjyxm;w,f/

pu©K'Gg& -- pu©K'Gg&rSm pu©K'ouuvmyf um,'ouuvmyfbm0'ouuvmyf pdwåZt|uvmyf OwkZt|uvmyf tm[m&Z-t|uvmyf? aygif; - ½kyfuvmyf (6)rsKd; = ½kyftrsKd;tpm; (54)/

aomw'Gg& -- aomw'Gg&rSm aomw'ouuvmyf um,'ou-uvmyf bm0'ouuvmyf pdwåZt|uvmyf OwkZt|uvmyftm[m&Zt|uvmyf? aygif; - ½kyfuvmyf (6) rsKd; = ½kyftrsKd;tpm;(54)/

Cme'Gg& -- Cme'Gg&rSm Cme'ouuvmyf um,'ouuvmyfbm0'ouuvmyf pdwåZt|uvmyf OwkZt|uvmyf tm[m&Z-t|uvmyf? aygif; - ½kyfuvmyf (6)rsKd; = ½kyftrsKd;tpm; (54)/

Zd0Sg'Gg& -- Zd0Sg'Gg&rSm Zd0Sg'ouuvmyf um,'ouuvmyfbm0'ouuvmyf pdwåZt|uvmyf OwkZt|uvmyf tm[m&Z-t|uvmyf? aygif; - ½kyfuvmyf (6)rsKd; = ½kyftrsKd;tpm; (54)/


um,'Gg& -- um,'Gg&rSm um,'ouuvmyf bm0'ouuvmyfpdwåZt|uvmyf OwkZt|uvmyf tm[m&Zt|uvmyf? aygif; -½kyfuvmyf (5)rsKd; = ½kyftrsKd;tpm; (44)/

raem'Gg& -- raem'Gg&rSm [','ouuvmyf um,'ouuvmyfbm0'ouuvmyf pdwåZt|uvmyf OwkZt|uvmyf tm[m&Z-t|uvmyf? aygif; - ½kyfuvmyf (6)rsKd; = ½kyftrsKd;tpm; (54)/

'Dvkd toD;toD; a&wGufjyxm;ygw,f/ ZD0dwvQif (9)ckajrmuf&SdwJhZD0dwe0uuvmyf[mvnf; 'Gg& (6)yg;vkH;rSm tESYHtjym;&SdwJh ½kyfuvmyfwpfrsKd; jzpfwJhtwGuf ZD0dwe0uuvmyfyg xnfhaygif;vkdufvQif ½kyfuvmyf (7)rsKd; - ½kyftrsKd;tpm; (63)rsKd; ponfjzifh oabmaygufyg/

pu©KtMunf"mwf (= rsufpdtMunf"mwf) vQif (10)ckajrmuf&SdwJh½kyfuvmyfukd pu©K'ouuvmyfç

aomwtMunf"mwf (= em;tMunf"mwf) vQif (10)ckajrmuf&SdwJh½kyfuvmyfukd aomw'ouuvmyfç

CmetMunf"mwf (= ESmtMunf"mwf) vQif (10)ckajrmuf&SdwJh½kyfuvmyfukd Cme'ouuvmyfç

Zd0SgtMunf"mwf (= vQmtMunf"mwf) vQif (10)ckajrmuf&SdwJh½kyfuvmyfukd Zd0Sg'ouuvmyfç

um,tMunf"mwf (= ukd,ftMunf"mwf) vQif (10)ckajrmuf&SdwJh½kyfuvmyfukd um,'ouuvmyfç

bm0½kyfvQif (10)ckajrmuf&SdwJh ½kyfuvmyfukd bm0'ouuvmyfç

[',0w¬K½kyfvQif (10)ckajrmuf&SdwJh ½kyfuvmyfukd [','ou-uvmyf --


qkdNyD; toD;toD; ac:qkdygw,f/

ZD0dw½kyfvQif (9)ckajrmuf&SdwJh ½kyfuvmyfukd ZD0dwe0uuvmyfçpdwfaMumifhjzpfwJh MoZmvQif (8)ckajrmuf&SdwJh ½kyfuvmyfukd pdwåZMoZ|ruuvmyfç Owkac:wJh awaZm"mwfaMumifhjzpfwJh MoZmvQif(8)ckajrmuf&SdwJh ½kyfuvmyfukd OwkZMoZ|ruuvmyfç tm[m&MoZmaMumifhjzpfwJh MoZmvQif (8)ckajrmuf&SdwJh ½kyfuvmyfukd tm[m&ZMoZ|ruuvmyf - 'Dvkdvnf; toD;toD; ac:qkdygw,f/

'Dt|uxm&JU &Sif;vif;zGifhqkdcsuft& rsufpdrSm MunfwJh½kyfuvmyfu ]]pu©K'ouuvmyfESifh um,'ouuvmyf}} qkdNyD; ESpfrsKd;&SdaewJhtwGuf 'DESpfrsKd;ukd cGJ½IwwfzkdY vkdygw,f/

pu©K'Gg&

½lygbdCmwm&[blwyÜom'vu©PH/ y / pu©K? (0dok'd-2-74/)

½lyg½kH a&S;½SL½kdufcwfjcif;iSmxkdufwJh blw½kyf (= "mwfBuD;av;yg;)wdkYukd Munfvifapjcif;oabmvu©Pm&Sdaom½kyfu pu©Kyom' jzpfw,f/

azm|AÁmbdCmwm&[blwyÜom'vu©aPm/ y / uma,m?(0dok'd-2-74/)

yx0D awaZm 0ga,mqkdwJh azm|AÁm½kH a&S;½SL½kdufcwfjcif;iSm xkdufwJh blw½kyf (= "mwfBuD;av;yg;)wkdYukd Munfvifapjcif;oabmvu©Pm&Sdaom½kyfu um,yom' jzpfw,f/

pu©K'ouuvmyfukd odrf;qnf;ykH

'D&Sif;vif;csufrsm;ESifhtnD a&S;½SL½kdufcwfaewJhtm½kHjzifh pu©Kyom'ESifh um,yom'ukd cGJjcm; ½I&rSm jzpfw,f/ 'Dawmh a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu


rsufpdrSmwnf&SdwJh "mwfBuD;av;yg;ukd pwifNyD; odrf;qnf;yg/ MunfwJh½kyfuvmyfwpfckukd "mwfcGJvsuf tJ'D ½kyfuvmyftwGif;rSm&SdwJh yx0D-tmayg-awaZm-0ga,m-0PÖ-*E¨-&o-MoZm-ZD0dw-yom' (= tMunf"mwf) qkdwJh ½kyfoabmw&m; (10)rsKd;ukd odrf;qnf;yg/ aemufxyftJ'D (10)rsKd;xJu yom' (= tMunf"mwf) ukd xyfodrf;qnf;yg/ tJ'DtMunf"mwfESifh cyfvSrf;vSrf;rSm&SdwJh ½kyfuvmyftrsm;pk&JU ½lyg½kHukd vSrf;tm½kH,lMunfhyg/

tu,fí 'D½lyg½kHta&mifu rdrdodrf;qnf;xm;wJh yom' (= tMunf"mwfukd a&S;½SL½kdufcwfwmukd awGU&Sdygu tJ'DtMunf"mwf[m pu©Kyom' (= pu©KtMunf"mwf)jzpfw,fvkdY rSwfyg/ tu,fí tJ'D½lyg½kHurdrdodrf;qnf;xm;wJh yom' (= tMunf"mwf)ukd a&S;½SLr½kdufcwfbl;qkdvQif tJ'D tMunf"mwf[m pu©KtMunf"mwf r[kwfbJ um,-tMunf"mwf jzpfaumif; jzpfEkdifygw,f/ 'gaMumifh - aocsmatmifuvmyfwpfckNyD; wpfck ajymif;um xyfum xyfum ½IzkdY vkdygw,f/tu,fí pu©KtMunf"mwfukd odrf;qnf;vkdY atmifjrifvQif tJ'Dpu©K-tMunf"mwf yg0ifaewJh ½kyfuvmyf[m pu©K'ouuvmyfjzpfygw,f/

um,'ouuvmyfudk odrf;qnf;ykH

pu©K'ouuvmyfukd odrf;qnf;wJh vkyfief;&yf atmifjrifyguum,'ouuvmyfukd odrf;qnf;yg/ rsufpdrSmyJ MunfwJh½kyfuvmyfrSm&SdwJh (10)rsKd;aom ½kyfoabmw&m;awGudk a&S;OD;pGm odrf;qnf;yg/odrf;qnf;NyD;wJhtcg tJ'D (10)rsKd;xJrS yom'½kyf (= tMunf½kyf)ukdqufvuf odrf;qnf;xm;yg/ tJ'DtMunf"mwfESifh eD;uyfaewJh ½kyfuvmyftrsm;pkrSm&SdwJh yx0D"mwf okdYr[kwf awaZm"mwf okdYr[kwf0ga,m"mwfwpfckckukd vSrf;tm½kH,lMunfhyg/ tJ'Dazm|AÁ"mwf wpfrsKd;


rsKd;u rdrdodrf;qnf;xm;wJh tMunf"mwfukd a&S;½SL½kdufcwfaeygu tJ'DtMunf"mwf[m um,tMunf"mwf jzpfygw,f/ tu,fí azm|AÁ"mwf wpfckcku rdrdodrf;qnf;xm;wJh tMunf"mwfukd a&S;½SL½kdufcwfrIr&Sdbl;qkdvQifawmh tJ'D rdrdodrf;qnf;xm;wJh tMunf"mwf[m pu©KtMunf"mwf jzpfaumif;jzpfEkdifygw,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ - rsufpdrSmpu©KtMunf"mwfESifh um,tMunf"mwf ESpfrsKd;om &SdwJhtwGufaMumifhjzpfygw,f/ 'gaMumifh aocsmatmifawmh xyfumxyfum ½IzkdY uvmyfwpfckNyD;wpfck ajymif;umajymif;um ½IzkdYawmh vkdtyfygw,f/

atmifjrifrI &NyDqkdvQifawmh rsufpdrSm pu©K'ouuvmyfç um,'ouuvmyfç bm0'ouuvmyf qkdwJh ur®Zuvmyf (3)pnf;ukdodrf;qnf;rdNyD jzpfygw,f/ 'D½kyfuvmyfawG[m twdwfu uHaMumifhjzpfvkdY ur®ZuvmyfvkdY ac:ygw,f/ a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu ckvkd ½kyfw&m;awGukd odrf;qnf;aewJhtqifhrSm tJ'DuHukd rodrf;qnf;Ekdifao;ygbl;/ypö,y&d*¾[ÓPfykdif;a&mufrS odrf;qnf;EkdifrSm jzpfygw,f/ ckaerSmawmh ,m,Dtm;jzifh uHaMumifhjzpfwJh ½kyfuvmyfawG ½kyfw&m;awGvkdYomrSwfom;xm;ygOD;/

pdwåZMoZ|ru½kyfuvmyfukd odrf;qnf;ykH

a,m*Dyk*¾dKvf&JU ESvkH;tdrftwGif;rSm&SdwJh [',0w¬K½kyfukd rSDjzpfaewJhpdwfwkdif; pdwfwkdif;[m a,bk,stm;jzifh pdwåZ½kyfukd jzpfapEkdifwJhpGrf;tm;&Sdygw,f/ 'gaMumifh a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu a&S;OD;pGm rdrd&&Sdxm;wJhpsmefwpfckckukd jyef0ifpm;Munfhyg/ Oyrm - Mo'gwuokdPf;vQif tm½kH&SdwJh yxrpsmefukd 0ifpm;w,fqkdMuygpkdY? tJ'D psmefrSxwJhtcg psmeft*FgawGukd odrf;qnf;yg/ psmeft*FgawGESifh ,SOfaewJh psmefpdwfukdvnf;qufvufodrf;qnf;yg/ 'Dpsmefpdwf psmeft*FgqkdwJh psmefemrfw&m;awG[m [',0w¬K½kyfukd rSDjzpfaewJh emrfw&m;awG jzpfMuygw,f/ tJ'D


psmefemrfw&m;awG[m yPDwac:wJh rGefjrwfwJh emrfw&m;awG jzpfMuygw,f/ tJ'D psmefpdwf psmefemrfw&m;awGu rdrdwkdY&JU Oyg'fqJumv(= Oyg'fcP)rSmyJ rGefjrwfwJh pdwåZ½kyfuvmyfawGukd wpfukd,fvkH;rSmtESHYtjym; jzpfapygw,f/ ÓPfESifh jrifatmif ½Iyg/

tJ'D½kyfuvmyfawGu rMunfMuygbl;/ ½kyfuvmyfwpfckwpfckrSmyx0D-tmayg-awaZm-0ga,m-0PÖ-*E¨-&o-MoZm qkdwJh MoZmvQif(8)ckajrmuf&SdwJh ½kyfoabmw&m; (8)rsKd;pD &SdMuygw,f/ ÓPfESifh cGJjcm;pdwfjzmNyD; ½Iyg/

OwkZMoZ|ru½kyfuvmyfukd odrf;qnf;ykH

a,bk,stm;jzifh - ½kyfuvmyfwkdif; ½kyfuvmyfwkdif;vkdvkdrSm &SdwJhawaZm"mwf (= Owk)u MoZmvQif (8)ckajrmuf&SdwJh OwkZMoZ|ru½kyfuvmyftopftopfukd jzpfapygw,f/ 'Dawmh vufawGU½IcsifwJhyk*¾dKvfu a&S;OD;pGm ½kyfuvmyfwpfckrSm&SdwJh (10)rsKd; (9)rsKd; (8)rsKd;qkdwJh½kyfoabmw&m;awGukd odrf;qnf;&ygw,f/ odrf;qnf;NyD;awmhrSawaZm"mwfukd xyfodrf;qnf;&ygw,f/ NyD;awmhrS tJ'DawaZm"mwfu½kyfuvmyftopftopfukd jzpfapykHukd wpfqifhwufNyD; odrf;qnf;&ygw,f/

ykHpHwpfck qkdMupkdY ../ pu©K'ouuvmyfrSm yg0ifwnf&SdaeMuwJh½kyfoabmw&m; (10)rsKd;ukd a&S;OD;pGm odrf;qnf;yg/ odrf;qnf;NyD;wJhtcgawaZm"mwfukd xyfodrf;qnf;yg/ tJ'DawaZm"mwfu (4)qifh (5)qifhaom ½kyfuvmyf topftopfudk jzpfapykHukd jrifatmif Munfhyg/ -enf;enf;xyfajymr,f - tJ'Dpu©K'ouuvmyfrSm&SdwJh awaZm"mwfu½kyfuvmyftopf wpfckukd jzpfapNyD/ tJ'D½kyfuvmyfu pu©K'ouuvmyfrSm &SdwJh awaZm"mwf (= Owk) aMumifh jzpfwJhtwGuf pu©K


'ouuvmyf awaZm&JU om;OD;&wem jzpfygw,f/ tJ'D½kyfuvmyfurMunfbl;? "mwfcGJMunfhvQif yx0D-tmayg-awaZm-0ga,m-0PÖ-*E-&o-MoZmqkdwJh MoZmvQif (8)ckajrmuf&SdwJh ½kyfoabmw&m; (8)rsKd;&Sdygw,f/ tJ'D½kyfawGukd y&rwfokdYqkdufatmif odrf;qnf;yg/

tJ'D om;OD;&wemjzpfwJh OwkZMoZ|ru ½kyfuvmyfrSm wnf&SdwJhawaZm"mwfuvnf; aemufxyf ½kyfuvmyftopfukd jzpfapjyefw,f/pu©K'ouuvmyf awaZm&JU ajr;OD;uav; jzpfygw,f/ tJ'D ½kyfuvmyfukd "mwfcGJvQifvnf; oabmw&m; (8)ckyJ &Sdw,f/ 'D½kyfuvmyfvnf; rMunfjyefbl;/

wpfcg 'Dajr;OD;jzpfwJh OwkZ½kyfuvmyfrSm&SdwJh awaZm"mwf (= Owk)uvnf; ½kyfuvmyf topfukd jzpfapjyefw,f/ pu©K'ouuvmyfawaZm&JU jrpfOD;uav; jzpfygw,f/ tJ'DjrpfjzpfwJh ½kyfuvmyfuvnf;rMunfjyefbl;/ "mwfcGJMunfhvnf; ½kyfoabmw&m; (8)ckyJ &Sdygw,f/'Dvkdenf;ESifh ½kyfuvmyfawG tqifhqifhjzpfykHukd oabmaygufyg/ <uif;usefwJh ur®Z½kyfuvmyfawGrSm&SdwJh awaZmç pdwåZ½kyfuvmyf-OwkZ½kyfuvmyfawGrSm&SdwJh awaZmç tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfawGrSm&SdwJh awaZm"mwf (= Owk)awGuvnf; ½kyfuvmyftopftopfukd jzpfapygw,f/

1/ ur®Z½kyfuvmyfawGrSm&SdwJh awaZm"mwfu (4)qifh (5)qifhaom½kyfuvmyfawGukd jzpfapw,f/

2/ ½kd;½kd;umrm0p&pdwfawGaMumifhjzpfwJh pdwåZ½kyfuvmyfawGrSm&SdwJhawaZm"mwfu (2)qifh (3)qifhaom ½kyfuvmyfawGudk jzpfapw,f/

3/ orxbm0empdwf 0dyóembm0empdwfqkdwJh rGefjrwfwJh pdwfawGaMumifhjzpfwJh pdwåZ½kyfuvmyfawGrSm&SdwJh awaZm"mwf (= Owk)u


tqifhaygif;rsm;pGmaom ½kyfuvmyfawGukd jzpfapygw,f/ 'DvkdjzpfapwJhtykdif;rSm pdwåZ½kyfuvmyfawGu tZÑwårSmom ysHUESHYjzpfMuaomfvnf; tJ'D rGefjrwfwJh orxbm0empdwf 0dyóembm0empdwfwdkYaMumifh jzpfwJh pdwåZ½kyfuvmyfwdkif;rSm yg0ifwJh awaZm"mwf(= Owk)aMumifhjzpfwJh OwkZ½kyfuvmyfawGu tZÑwåwGifomruA[d'¨txd ÓPftmEkabmfu BuD;vQifvnf; BuD;ovkd ao;vQifvnf; ao;ovkd 0ef;usifywfcsm t&yfq,frsufESmrSm ysHUESHYNyD;awmhjzpfMuygw,f/ orxÓPfa&mif 0dyóemÓPfa&mifqkdwm tJ'DpdwåZESifh OwkZ½kyfuvmyfawGrSmygwJh 0PÖ"mwf (= ½lyg½kH)&JUawmufyaewJh ta&mif jzpfygw,f/

4/ tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfwkdif;rSm&SdwJh awaZm"mwfOwkuvnf; (3)qifh(4)qifhaom ½kyfuvmyfç &Hcg (10)qifh (12)qifhwkdifatmifaom½kyfuvmyfawGukd jzpfapygw,f/

5/ Owkypö,OwkZ½kyf --

tpmopfç tpma[mif;ç jynfç usifi,f - qkdwJh 'Daum|mo (4)ckuawmh a&S;a&S;½kyfuvmyfrSm wnf&SdwJh awaZm"mwfudk taMumif;cHNyD;jzpfay:vmMuwJh OwkZ½kyfuvmyfawG jzpfMuw,f/

'DOwkZ½kyfawGuawmh MoZmvQif &Spfckajrmuf&SdwJh OwkZMoZ|ru½kyfuvmyfawG jzpfMuygw,f/ tJ'D½kyf (4)rsKd;xJrSm tpmopfaum|motaMumif;udk xyfNyD;awmh ajymcsifw,f/ 'Dtpmopfaum|mou rpm;rDtwGif;rSmjzpfapç pm;NyD;aomfvnf; tpmtdrfponfwdkY&JU twGif;rSmtpmopfaum|motjzpfESifh wnf&SdaecdkufrSmjzpfap - OwkZ½kyfuvmyfwdkY&JU taygif;tpkrQomjzpfygw,f/ 0dok'dr*ft|uxm (0dok'd-2-252/)

uawmh Owkypö,Owkork|mef½kyf qdkNyD; emrnfwyfay;xm;ygw,f/


'D½kyfwdkY&JUoabmudkvnf; t|uxm q&mawmfu 'Dvdk zGifhqdk&Sif;vif;xm;ygw,f/

Owkypö,Owkork|meH emr Owkork|mem awaZm"mwk XmeyÜwåmtnH MoZ|ruH ork|maywd? wMwmyd Owk tnEdÅ {0H 'DCrdÜ t'¨geHtEkyg'dPÖyau© XwGmyd Owkork|meH y0wåwda,0/ (0dok'd-2-252/)

'DCrdÜ t'¨geEÅd ]]'o 'Gg'o 0ga&}}wd tnó 0kwåy&dapä'awm'DCrdÜ umvH/ Owk [d obm*oEÅwd0aoe v'ypö,H pd&w&rÜd umvHo'domum&H ½lyyÜ0wåð oEÅmaewd Oyg'dEéuoEédóa,e 0dem? ya*0£w&xm/ (r[m#D-2-404/)

ckajymcJhwJh tpmopfaum|moqdkwm OwkZ½kyfuvmyfwdkY&JU taygif;tpkom jzpfw,f/ ,if;OwkZ½kyfuvmyfwdkif;rSm awaZm"mwf yg0ifw,f/ ,if;awaZm"mwfu OwkZ½kyfuvmyftopfudk jzpfapjyefw,f/,if;OwkZ½kyfuvmyftopfrSm&SdwJh awaZm"mwfuvnf; tjcm; OwkZ½kyfuvmyftopfudk jzpfapjyefw,f/ 'Denf;tm;jzifh (10)Budrf (12)BudrfqdkwJh twdkif;twmyrmPudk vGefNyD;awmh &SnfpGmaom t"GefYumvywfvkH;vnf; tEkyg'dPÖu (= oufrhJtzdkYtpk) ü wnfí t"GefY&SnfpGmjzpfapEdkifygw,f/ pMu0aw;rif;wdkY&JU pMu&wem ywåjrm;&wem ponfwdkYvdk uH\ taxmuftyHhudk &&SdcJhr,fqdkvQifawmh ajymzG,f&mawmifrvdkawmhbl;? t"GefY&SnfpGm jzpfapEdkifonfom jzpfygw,f/ a&S;a&S;OwkaMumifhjzpfwJh OwkZ½kyfawGudktaMumif;cHNyD; jzpfay:vmwJh aemufaemufOwkZ½kyfawG jzpfMuw,f/ Owkypö,OwkZ½kyfvdkY ac:qdkw,f/ a&Tç aiGponfwdkYudkvnf; enf;wl oabmaygufyg/ --

tJ'Dvkd OwkZ½kyfawGjzpfwJhtykdif;rSm aemufqkH;tqifhrSm&SdwJh ½kyfuvmyfawGrSm yg0ifwJh awaZm"mwf (= Owk)uawmh ½kyfuvmyf


topfukd jzpfapEkdifwJh pGrf;tm; r&dSbl;vkdY rSwfyg/ 'gaMumifh a,bk,s(= rsm;aom)tm;jzifh ½kyfuvmyfwkdif;vkdvkdrSm&SdwJh awaZm"mwfu ½kyfuvmyf topftopfukd jzpfapw,fvkdY ajymjcif;jzpfygw,f/

tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfrsm;ukd odrf;qnf;ykHtm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfrsm;ukd odrf;qnf;ykHtm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfrsm;ukd odrf;qnf;ykHtm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfrsm;ukd odrf;qnf;ykHtm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfrsm;ukd odrf;qnf;ykH

tm[m&Z½kyfawGukd odrf;qnf;ykHtykdif;ukd ajymMu&atmif .../

O'&d,Hç u&DoHç ykaAÁmç rkwåEÅd £arok pwlok Owkork|maeokOwkork|meaó0 MoZ|ruó 0aoe t| t| ½lyged ygu#meda[mEÅd/ (0dok'd-2-223/)

tpmopfç tpma[mif;ç jynfç usifi,f - qkdwJh 'Daum|mo (4)ckuawmh Owkac:wJh awaZm"mwfaMumifh jzpfwJh OwkZMoZ|ru½kyf(= MoZmvQif &Spfckajrmuf&SdwJh OwkaMumifhjzpfwJh½kyf)awG jzpfMuygw,f/

'Dawmh - a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu tm[m&Z½kyfawGukd ½Iawmhr,fqdkvQifa&S;OD;pGm 'Dtpmopfaum|morSm&SdwJh "mwfBuD; (4)yg;ukd pwif odrf;qnf;yg/ 'Dvkd odrf;qnf;vkdufvQif rMumrDrSmyJ ½kyfuvmyftrIefawGukdawGUEkdifygw,f/ 'gaMumifh tpmopfaum|moqkdwm ½kyfuvmyfwkdY&JUtaygif;tpkjzpfw,fqkdwm rSwfom;xm;yg/

tJ'D ½kyfuvmyfawGukd "mwfcGJMunfhvkdufvQif ½kyfuvmyf wpfckwpfckrSm oabmw&m; (8)ckpD &Sdwmukd awGUEdkifygw,f? qufvufodrf;qnf;yg/ NyD;awmh 'D½kyfw&m;awG[m ½kyfuvmyfwpfckrSm &SdwJhawaZm"mwf (= Owk) aMumifh topftopf xyfumxyfum qifhumqifhum &SnfpGmaom t"GefYumvywfvkH; tqufrjywf jzpfaewJh ½kyfw&m;awGjzpfwmukd ÓPfESifhjrifatmif quf½Iyg/ 'gayrJh 'D½kyfuvmyfawG 'D½kyfw&m;awG[m jrJwJh ½kyfw&m;awGawmh r[kwfMubl;? jzpfNyD;


ysufaewJh tedpöw&m;awGom jzpfMuygw,f/ odkYaomfvnf; rysufrDjzpfNyD;aemuf XDumvokdYta&mufrSm topftopf ½kyfuvmyfawGukdxyfumxyfumqifhumqifhum t"GefY&SnfpGm aus;Zl;jyKay;aeMuygw,f/

'Dtpmopfaum|mo[m tpmopftdrfxJokdY ra&mufrD tkd;-cGuf-yk*H-oydwf-ponfwkdYrSm wnf&SdaepOfuvnf; tvm;wlyJ OwkZ½kyfawGom jzpfMuygw,f/ yg;pyfxJ0g;pOf tlxJrSm tpmtdrfxJrSm tpma[mif;tdrfxJrSm&SdpOf cEmukd,ftwGif;okdY rysHUESHYciftwGif;rSmvnf; OwkZ½kyfawGom jzpfMuw,f/ a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu tpmpm;NyD;rS w&m;xkdifrSmjzpfawmhxkdtcsdefrSm 'Dtpmopfaum|mou rsm;aomtm;jzifh tpmopftdrfESifhtlvrf;aMumif;wpfavQmufrSmyJ &Sdaeygw,f/

a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu tJ'D tpmopfaum|moac:wJh ½kyfuvmyfawGukdjrifatmif ½kyfy&rwfoabmw&m;awGukd jrifatmif ½IEkdifNyDqkdvQif tJ'D½kyfy&rwfw&m;awGxJu tqDtap; MoZmukd ÓPfESifhykdif;jcm;,lyg?odrf;qnf;yg/ tJ'DMoZmu OwkZ½kyfuvmyfawGrSm yg0ifwJh MoZmjzpfvkdYOwkZMoZmom jzpfygw,f/ tJ'D OwkZMoZmukd tpmtdrf0ef;usif pwJhxkdxkdae&mrSm wnf&SdaewJh ZD0dwe0uuvmyfawGrSm yg0ifwJh awaZm"mwf (= Owk)ac:wJh tpmukdaMuusufapwJh ur®Z0rf;rD;u tm;ay;axmufyHhvkdufwJhtcg tJ'D OwkZMoZmu ½kyfuvmyf topftopfukdjzpfapygw,f/ tJ'D ½kyfuvmyftopfuawmh rlvOwkZ½kyfuvmyfrSmyg0ifwnf&SdwJh MoZm (= tm[m&)aMumifhjzpfvkdY tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfvkdYac:qkdygw,f/ tJ'D ½kyfuvmyfuvnf; rMunfbl;/ "mwfcGJMunfhvQif½kyfuvmyf wpfckwpfckrSm ½kyfoabmw&m; (8)ckpDyJ &Sdygw,f/

tJ'D tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfrSm yg0ifwJh MoZmu --

1/ ur®Z½kyfuvmyfwkdif;rSm wnf&SdwJh MoZmç

2/ pdwåZ½kyfuvmyfwkdif;rSm wnf&SdwJh MoZmç


3/ OwkZ½kyfuvmyfwkdif;rSm wnf&SdwJh MoZmç

4/ rdrd&JUa&S;u jzpfESifhwJh a&S;a&S;aom tm[m&Z ½kyfuvmyfawGrSmwnf&SdwJh MoZm --

tJ'DMoZm toD;toD;ukd xyfNyD; tm;ay;axmufyHhvkdufwJhtcg tJ'Dur®ZMoZmç pdwåZMoZmç OwkZMoZmç a&S;a&S;aom tm[m&ZMoZmwkdYu ur®Z0rf;rD;&JU taxmuftyHhukdvnf; &cJhvQif ½kyfuvmyf topftopfukd jzpfapygw,f/

pu©K'ouuvmyfuJhokdYaom ur®Z½kyfuvmyfawGrSm yg0ifwJh MoZmu (4)qifh (5)qifh?

pdwåZ½kyfuvmyfawGrSmygwJh MoZmu (2)qifh (3) qifh?

OwkZ½kyfuvmyfawGrSmygwJh MoZmu (2)qifh (3)qifhç &Hcg (10)qifh (12)qifh?

a&S;a&S;aom tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfawGrSmygwJh MoZmu (10)qifh(12)qifhwkdifatmifaom ½kyfuvmyfawGukd jzpfapygw,f/

{u'd0oH y&dbkwåm[ma&m owåm[rÜd Oyw¬arÇwd/ (0dok'd-2-251/)

wpfBudrfwpfcg pm;vkdufaom tpmtm[m&[m (7)&ufwkdYywfvkH;aomfvnf; 'Dvkd tm[m&Z½kyfawGukd jzpfapEkdifw,fvkdY qkdw,f/

pwkork|meduMoZm

½kyfuvmyfwkdif;vkdvkdrSm&SdwJh .. wpfenf;ajymvQifawmh --

1/ ur®Z½kyfuvmyfwkdif;rSm yg0ifwJh ur®ZMoZmç

2/ pdwåZ½kyfuvmyfwkdif;rSm yg0ifwJh pdwåZMoZmç

3/ OwkZ½kyfuvmyfwkdif;rSm yg0ifwJh OwkZMoZmç


4/ a&S;a&S;aom tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfwkdif;rSm yg0ifwJh tm[m&ZMoZm

'Dav;rsKd;vkH;aom MoZmawG[m tm[m&ZMoZm&JU taxmuftyHhukd &&SdwJhtcg ur®Z0rf;rD;&JU taxmuftyHhukdvnf; &&SdwJhtcgMoZmvQif (8)ckajrmuf&SdwJh MoZ|ru½kyfuvmyf topftopfukd jzpfapygw,f/ owdjyK&eftcsufuawmh 'Dav;rsKd;xJrSm yg0ifwJh tm[m&ZMoZm jzpfw,f/ aemufaemufaom tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfawGrSm ygwJhtm[m&ZMoZmu tm;ay;axmufyHhwJhtcg a&S;a&S;aom tm[m&ZuvmyfawGrSmygwJh MoZmu MoZ|ru½kyfuvmyf topftopfukdjzpfapw,fqkdwJh tcsufukdawmh cGJjcm;NyD; rSwfom;xm;yg/ ckajymcJhwJhuH-pdwf-Owk-tm[m& ac:wJh taMumif;w&m; (4)rsKd;aMumifhjzpfwJhMoZmukdyJ &nf&G,fNyD; --

tm[ma&m emr uAVDuma&m tm[ma&m/ (0dok'd-2-251/)

uAVDuma&m tm[ma&mwd pwkoEÅwdork|mae ½lay MoZmtm[ma&m emr/ (tbd-|-3-377/) --

ponfjzifh t|uxmrsm;u uAVDum&tm[m&qkdNyD; zGifhqkdxm;Muw,f/ uAVDum&tm[m&qkdwmuawmh tay:uajymcJhwJh xrif;pwJht&m0w¬KrSm wnf&SdwJh OwkZMoZmyg0ifwJh ½kyfuvmyfawG &SdMuw,f/tJ'D OwkZMoZmukd ur®Z0rf;rD;u axmufyHhvkdufygrS 'DMoZmu MoZ-|ru½kyfukd jzpfaprSmjzpfw,f/ tm[m&ZMoZ|ru½kyfawG jzpfygw,f/'Dtm[m&ZMoZmu axmufyHhygrS ur®Z0rf;rD;uvnf; axmufyHhygrSckeu ajymcJhwJh (4)rsKd;aom pwkork|meduMoZmawG[m ½kyfuvmyftopftopfukd jzpfapEkdifw,f/ 'gaMumifh - (4)rsKd;aom uAVDum&tm[m& trnf&wJh MoZmu tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyf topftopfukdjzpfapjcif;qkdwJh vkyfief;udpöukd &GufaqmifwJhtykdif;rSm xrif;pwJht&m0w¬Kukd tvkwftavG;jyKí pm;rsKd0g;rsKdrSomvQif tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyf


topftopfukd jzpfapjcif;qkdwJh vkyfief;udpöukd &GufaqmifEkdifw,f/rpm;rsKd r0g;rsKdcJhvQifawmh tJ'Dudpöukd r&GufaqmifEkdifbl;/ 'gaMumifhtm[m&vkdYrokH;bJ uAVDum&tm[m& (= tvkwftavG; rjyKtyfaomfvnf; jyKtyfouJhokdYaom tm[m&) vkdY ac:a0:okH;pGJxm;w,f/

(tbd-|-3-377/)

tvkwftavG; rjyKtyfaomfvnf; jyKtyfouJhokdYaom

'Dae&mrSm uAVDum&tm[m&qkdwJh pum;vkH;ukd odawmfrl jrifawmfrlMuwJh a&S;a&S;q&mawmfbk&m;BuD;rsm;u jrefrmvkd bmomjyefqkdwJhtykdif;rSm - tvkwftavG;ukd rjyKtyfaomfvnf; jyKtyfouJhokdYaomMoZm (= tm[m&) - qkdNyD; bmomjyefqkdxm;awmfrlMuygw,f/ bmukdqkdvkdovJ¿ --

ckeu ajymcJhwJhtwkdif;yJ xrif;pwJh pm;rsKd0g;rsKd&rnfh t&m0w¬KawG[m - OwkZMoZ|ru½kyf = awaZm"mwf (Owk)aMumifhjzpfwJh MoZmvQif(8)ckajrmuf&SdwJh ½kyfuvmyfwkdY&JU taygif;tpkom jzpfMuw,f/ tJ'D½kyfuvmyfawGrSm yg0ifwJh MoZmudk MoZmwpfckwnf; uGufNyD;awmhpm;rsKd0g;rsKdcJhr,fqdkvQif b,fvkdrS rjzpfEkdifbl;/ MoZmESifhwuGjzpfaewJh½kyftm;vkH;wkdY&JU taygif;tpk (= ½kyfuvmyfwkdY&JU taygif;tpk)ukdomMoZm&JUwnf&m ½kyfawGESifhtwlwuGom pm;rsKd0g;rsKdvkdY &Ekdifw,f/ ½kyfuvmyfwdkY&JU taygif;tpkudkom pm;rsKd0g;rsKdvkdY &Ekdifw,f/ 'guvnf;taMumif;wpfckyJ/

aemuftaMumif;wpfckuawmh ½kyfuvmyfwkdYrnfonf (= ½kyfy&rwfw&m;wkdYrnfonf) jzpfNyD;wmESifh csufcsif; ysufwJhoabm &Sdw,f/ jzpfwJhae&myJ jzpfNyD;vQifNyD;csif; ysufoGm;Muw,f/ wpfae&mrS wpfae&mokdYajymif;a&TUjzpfEkdifavmufatmif tcsdefMumMum rjzpfMuygbl;/ 'gaMumifh


tkd;-cGuf-yk*H-oydwfponfwkdY twGif;rSm wnf&SdwJh ½kyfy&rwfw&m;awG[m yg;pyfxJrSm pm;vkdY0g;vkdY &wJhtcsdeftxd toufr&SnfMuygbl;/wpfcg pm;wkef;0g;wkef; yg;pyfxJrSm&SdwJh ½kyfy&rwfawG[mvnf; tltwGif; tpmtdrftwGif;okdY a&mufonfhwkdifatmif toufr&SnfMuygbl;/ pm;rsKd0g;rsKdvkdY &Ekdifatmif toufr&SnfMubl;/ ½kyfuvmyfwpfckrSm&SdwJh awaZm"mwfu aemufxyf ½kyfuvmyf topftopfawGukdt"GefY&SnfpGm wnfwHhEkdifa&;twGuf bkwftqufquf aus;Zl;jyKay;aewJhtwGuf tqufrjywf qufpyfvsuf txyfxyfjzpfaewJh ½kyfoEÅwdtpOftwef;wpfckom jzpfw,f/ wu,f pm;rsKd0g;rsKdvkdY &Ekdifavmufatmif touf&SnfaewJh obm0w&m;awG r[kwfMuygbl;/ 'guvnf;taMumif;wpf&yf jzpfygw,f/ 'gaMumifh tvkwftavG;ukd rjyKtyfaomfvnf; jyKtyfouJhokdYaom tm[m&[k bmomjyefqkdawmfrlMujcif;jzpfygw,f/

aemufxyf taMumif;wpfckuawmh ckajymcJhwJh tpmopfaum|moqkdwJh OwkZ½kyfuvmyfawGrSmyg&SdwJh MoZm[m A[d'-MoZmom &Sdygao;w,f/ 'DOwkZMoZm (===== A[d'¨MoZm)ukd ur®Z0rf;rD;ac:wJh ZD0dwe0u½kyfuvmyfawGrSm yg0ifwnf&SdwJh awaZm"mwfu tpmukd aMuusufoGm;atmif tm;ay;axmufyHhvkdufwJhtcg MoZmvQif (8)ckajrmuf&SdwJhMoZ|ru½kyfuvmyf topftopfukd 'DMoZmu jzpfapjyefw,f/ 'D½kyfuvmyfawGukdawmh MoZmaMumifhjzpfvkdY tm[m&ZMoZ|ru ½kyfuvmyfawGvkdY ac:qkdw,f/ tJ'D tm[m&ZMoZ|ru ½kyfuvmyfawGrSm yg0ifwnf&SdwJh MoZmç txufuajymcJhwJh ur®ZMoZm pdwåZMoZm OwkZMoZmaygif; 'D (4)rsKd;vkH;aom MoZmawG[m pm;rsKd0g;rsKdvkdY &wJh MoZmawGr[kwfMuygbl;/

okdYaomf 'DMoZmawG[m a&S;uajymcJhwJhtwkdif; tm[m&ZMoZm&JU


taxmuftyHhukdvnf; &&SdcJhvQif ur®Z0rf;rD;&JU taxmuftyHhukdvnf;&&SdcJhvQif tm[m&udpöukd aqmif&GufEkdifw,f/ tm[m&udpöukd aqmif&GufEkdifw,fqkdwmu tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyf topftopfawGukd jzpfapEkdifw,fvkdY qkdygw,f/ 'D (4)rsKd;aom MoZmawGu tZÑwåduMoZmjzpfygw,f/ 'D (4)rsKd;aom tZÑwåduMoZmawGukdvnf; tm[m&udpöukdaqmif&GufEkdifwJhtwGuf uAVDum&tm[m& (= tvkwftavG;ukdrjyKtyfaomfvnf; jyKtyfouJhokdYaom tm[m&)[k ac:qkdjcif; bmomjyefqkdjcif; jzpfygw,f/

awaZm"mwfESifh MoZmwkdYrS ESpfcGESpfcG yGm;ykH

txufyg½IuGufESifhywfoufwJh &Sif;vif;csuf t&yf&yfukd em;axmifMunfhvQif ½kyfuvmyf wpfckwpfckrSm yg0ifwnf&SdwJh awaZm"mwfuvnf; OwkZMoZ|ru ½kyfuvmyfukd jzpfapw,f/ MoZmuvnf;tm[m&ZMoZm&JU taxmuftyHhç ur®Z0rf;rD;&JU taxmuftyHhukd&&SdcJhvQif tm[m&ZMoZ|ru½kyfuvmyf topftopfukd jzpfapw,f/'DESpfcsufukdawmh oabmaygufyg/ (y&rw¬rÍÆLom-trnf&SdwJh 0dok'¨dr*¾

r[m#Dum 'kwd,wGJ pmrsufESm - 401-rSm 'DtaMumif;udk azmfjyxm;ygw,f/)

ykHpHwpfckxkwfNyD; ajymMu&atmif/ pu©K'ouuvmyf qkdMupkdY ../tJ'Dpu©K'ouuvmyfrSm ½kyfoabmw&m; (10)rsKd;&Sd&m tJ'D (10)rsKd;xJrSm awaZm"mwf (= Owk)vnf; yg0ifw,f? MoZmvnf; yg0ifw,f/tJ'DawaZm"mwfu OwkZMoZ|ru½kyfuvmyftopfukd jzpfapw,f/MoZmuvnf; tm[m&ZMoZm&JU taxmuftyHhESifh ur®Z0rf;rD;&JUtaxmuftyHhukd &&SdcJhvQif ½kyfuvmyftopftopfudk jzpfapw,f/'DawaZm"mwfaMumifh jzpfwJh ½kyfuvmyfukd "mwfcGJvkdufvQif oabmw&m; (8)rsKd; &Sdw,f/ 'Doabmw&m; (8)rsKd;&SdwJh ½kyfuvmyfukd OwkZ½kyfuvmyf yxrqifhvkdYyJ owfrSwfMupkdY/ --


tJ'D yxrqifh OwkZ½kyfuvmyfrSm ½kyfoabmw&m; (8)rsKd;&SdwJhteuf awaZm"mwfvnf; yg0ifjyefw,f/ MoZmvnf; yg0ifjyefw,f/awaZm"mwfuvnf; OwkZMoZ|ru½kyfuvmyftopfukd jzpfapjyefw,f/ MoZmuvnf; tm[m&ZMoZm&JU taxmuftyHhESifh ur®Z0rf;rD;&JUtaxmuftyHhukd &&SdwJhtcg tm[m&ZMoZ|ru½kyfuvmyftopfudkjzpfapjyefw,f/ 'kwd,qifh OwkZ½kyfuvmyfESifh 'kwd,qifh tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfwkdY jzpfMuw,f/ 'Dawmh yxrqifh OwkZ½kyfuvmyfrSmwnf&SdwJh awaZm"mwfaMumifh ½kyfuvmyfwpfrsKd;ç MoZmaMumifh ½kyfuvmyfwpfrsKd; - ½kyfuvmyfESpfrsKd; jzpfay:vmw,fqdkwJhtcsufudk rSwfom;xm;yg/

aemufwpfck ajymMu&atmif/ 'Dyxrqifh awaZm"mwfaMumifhjzpfwJh OwkZ½kyfuvmyfukd 'kwd,qifh OwkZ½kyfuvmyfvkdY ajymcJhNyD;NyD/'D'kwd,qifh OwkZ½kyfuvmyfrSm&SdwJh awaZm"mwfuvnf; ½kyfuvmyftopfukd jzpfapjyefw,f/ MoZmuvnf; tm[m&ZMoZm&JU taxmuftyHh ur®Z0rf;rD;&JU taxmuftyHhukd &&SdwJhtcg ½kyfuvmyftopfukdjzpfapjyefw,f/

tvm;wlyJ 'Dyxrqifh OwkZ½kyfuvmyfrSmwnf&SdwJh MoZmuvnf;tm[m&ZMoZm&JU taxmuftyHh ur®Z0rf;rD;&JU taxmuftyHhukd &&SdwJhtcg tm[m&ZMoZ|ru½kyfuvmyftopfukd jzpfapjyefw,f/ tJ'DMoZmaMumifhjzpfwJh ½kyfuvmyfukd 'kwd,qifh tm[m&ZMoZ|ru½kyfvkdYajymcJhNyD;NyD/ MoZmaMumifhjzpfwJh 'kwd,qifh ½kyfuvmyfrSmvnf; awaZm"mwf yg0ifjyefw,f/ 'DawaZm"mwfuvnf; OwkZMoZ|ru½kyfuvmyfukd jzpfapjyefw,f/ MoZmvnf; yg0ifjyefw,f/ 'DMoZmuvnf; tm[m-&ZMoZm&JU taxmuftyHh ur®Z0rf;rD;&JU taxmuftyHhukd &&SdwJhtcgMoZ|ru½kyfuvmyftopfukd jzpfapjyefw,f/


'Denf;twkdif; wwd,qifh OwkZ½kyfuvmyf wwd,qifh tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfç pwkw¬qifh OwkZ½kyfuvmyf pwkw¬qifh tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfç yÍörqifh OwkZ½kyfuvmyf yÍörqifh tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfawGrSm&SdwJh awaZm"mwfESifh MoZmwkdYukdvnf; oabmaygufyg/

pu©K'ouuvmyfrSm&SdwJh awaZm"mwfudk tajccHum OwkZ½kyfuvmyfESifh tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfwkdY (4)qifh (5)qifhwkdifatmif jzpfyGm;Muovkd rsufpdrSm&SdwJh um,'ouuvmyfrSm&SdwJh awaZmç bm0'ouuvmyfrSm&SdwJh awaZmç pdwåZ½kyfuvmyfrSm&SdwJh awaZmç OwkZ½kyfuvmyfrSm&SdwJh awaZmç tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfrSm&SdwJh awaZm"mwfudktaMumif;cHum OwkZ½kyfuvmyf tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfawGjzpfyGm;ykHukdvnf; qufvuf½Iyg/

em;&Sif;atmif enf;enf;xyfajymOD;r,f - tJ'D 'kwd,qifh OwkZ½kyfuvmyfrSm &SdwJh awaZm"mwfuvnf; OwkZMoZ|ru½kyfukd jzpfapjyefw,f/ MoZmuvnf; tm[m&ZMoZ|ru½kyfuvmyfukd tvm;wljzpfapjyefw,f/ wwd,qifh OwkZ½kyfuvmyfESifh wwd,qifh tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfwkdY jzpfMuw,f/

'Dwwd,qifh OwkZ½kyfuvmyfrSm yg0ifwJh awaZm"mwfESifh MoZmç'Dwwd,qifh tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfrSm yg0ifwJh awaZm"mwfESifh MoZmwkdYuvnf; ½kyfuvmyf topftopfukd tvm;wlyJ jzpfapMujyefw,f/pwkw¬qifh OwkZ½kyfuvmyf tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfwkdY jzpfMuw,f/ 'Dpwkw¬qifhrS yÍörqifhponf jzpfykHukdvnf; oabmaygufyg/

aemufwpfck pu©K'ouuvmyfrSm wnf&SdwJhMoZm[m ur®ZMoZmjzpfw,f/ 'Dur®ZMoZmuvnf; tm[m&ZMoZm&JU taxmuftyHhESifhur®Z0rf;rD;&JU taxmuftyHhukd &&SdwJhtcg tm[m&ZMoZ|ru ½kyf


uvmyftopfukd jzpfapjyefw,f/ pu©K'ouuvmyf MoZm&JU om;jzpfw,f/ yxrqifh tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyf jzpfw,f/

'Dyxrqifh tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfrSmyg&SdwJh awaZm"mwfuvnf;MoZ|ru½kyfuvmyftopfukd jzpfapjyefw,f/ MoZmuvnf; tm[m&ZMoZm&JU taxmuftyHhESifh ur®Z0rf;rD;&JU taxmuftyHhukd &&SdwJhtcgMoZ|ru½kyfuvmyftopfukd jzpfapjyefw,f/ 'kwd,qifh OwkZ½kyfuvmyfESifh tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfwkdY jzpfMuw,f/ pu©K'ouuvmyfMoZm&JU ajr;uav;awG jzpfMuw,f/

'Denf;twkdif; 'kwd,qifh ½kyfuvmyfawGu wwd,qifhç wwd,qifh ½kyfuvmyfawGu pwkw¬qifhç pwkw¬qifh½kyfuvmyfawGu yÍörqifh ½kyfuvmyfawG jzpfapykHwkdYukdvnf; oabmaygufyg/

pu©K'ouuvmyfrSm&SdwJh awaZm"mwfESifh MoZmaMumifh ½kyfuvmyfawG topftopf ESpfcG ESpfcG yGm;ovkdyJ rsufpdrSm&SdwJh um,'ouuvmyf bm0'ouuvmyf pdwåZMoZ|ruuvmyf OwkZMoZ|ruuvmyf tm[m&ZMoZ|ruuvmyfawGrSm wnf&SdwJh awaZm"mwfESifhMoZmwkdYuvnf; ½kyfuvmyftopftopfukd ESpfcG ESpfcG jzpfapykHukdenf;rSDNyD;awmh ½Iyg/ tcsKdUt&mü ½kyfuvmyf tqifhaygif;rsm;pGm tcsKdUt&mü ½kyfuvmyf (2)qifh (3)qifhponf jzpfapykHwkdYukdvnf; oabmaygufatmif ½IMunfhyg/ pu©K'Gg&rSm ½I&ouJhokdY usefwJh'Gg&awGrSma&m(42)aum|moawGrSma&m ykHpHwl qufvuf½Iyg/

aomw'Gg&

aomw'Gg&rSm xl;jcm;wJh ½kyfuvmyfuawmh aomw'ouuvmyfjzpfygw,f/ em;rSm&SdwJh MunfwJh½kyfuvmyf wpfckukd "mwfcGJum ½kyfoabmw&m; (10)rsKd;xJrS tMunf"mwfukd odrf;qnf;um toHwpfck


ukd tm½kHvSrf;,lMunfhyg/ xkdtoHu xkdtMunf"mwfukd ½kdufcwfaeygutJ'D rdrdodrf;qnf;xm;wJh tMunf"mwf[m aomwtMunf"mwfjzpfygw,f/ aomwtMunf"mwf yg0ifwJh ½kyfuvmyfu aomw'ouuvmyf jzpfygw,f/ usefwJh ½kyfuvmyf (5)rsKd;ukd pu©K'Gg&ukdenf;rSDNyD; ykHpHwl ½IMunfhyg/

Cme'Gg& ponf

teHY = *E¨m½kH a&S;½SL½kdufcwfjcif;iSmxkdufwJh tMunf"mwfu CmetMunf"mwfjzpfw,f/ 'DtMunf"mwfyg0ifwJh ½kyfuvmyfu Cme'ouuvmyf jzpfw,f/ &om½kH a&S;½SL½kdufcwfjcif;iSmxkdufwJh tMunf"mwfuZd0SgtMunf"mwf jzpfw,f/ Zd0SgtMunf"mwf yg0ifwJh ½kyfuvmyfuZd0Sg'ouuvmyf jzpfw,f/ azm|AÁm½kH a&S;½SL½kdufcwfjcif;iSmxkdufwJhtMunf"mwfu um,tMunf"mwf jzpfw,f/ 'Dum,tMunf"mwfyg0ifwJh ½kyfuvmyfu um,'ouuvmyf jzpfw,f/ pu©K'Gg&ukd enf;rSDNyD; ½Iyg/

raem'Gg&

raem'Gg&rSm [','ouuvmyfpwJh ½kyfuvmyf (6)rsKd; ½kyftrsKd;tpm; (54)rsKd;&SdaMumif;ukd [kda&SUykdif;u ajymcJhygw,f/ ESvkH;tdrftwGif;rSm wnf&SdwJh aoG;aum|moukd tm½kH,lyg/ tJ'DaoG;rSm wnf&SdwJh"mwfBuD; (4)yg;ukd odrf;qnf;yg/ ½kyfuvmyftrIefrsm;ukd jrifwJhtcgb0ifraemtMunf"mwfESifh qufpyfjzpfaewJh rMunfwJh ½kyfuvmyfwpfckukd "mwfcGJMunfhyg/ tu,fí tJ'D rMunfwJh½kyfuvmyfrSm yx0DrSZD0dwtxd ½kyf (9)rsKd;ukd odrf;qnf;vkdY &&Sdygu [',0w¬K½kyfukd &SmazGMunfhyg/

rxif&Sm;vQif b0ifraemtMunf"mwfukd pdwfpkdufxm;NyD; vufn§dK;


wpfacsmif;ukd auG;vkduf qefYvkduf jyKvkyfMunfhyg/ auG;csifwJhpdwfqefYcsifwJhpdwfukd jrifatmifMunfhyg/ tJ'D pdwfawG&JU rSDjzpfwJh ½kyfukdodrf;qnf;yg/ rSDjzpfaewJh qufpyfaewJh ½kyfuvmyfukdawGUvQif tJ'D½kyfuvmyfukd "mwfcGJMunfhygu yx0DrSonf ZD0dwESifh [',okdYwkdifatmif (10)rsKd;aom½kyfukd awGU&SdEkdifygw,f/

[',qkdwm raem"mwf-raem0dnmP"mwfac:wJh pdwfwkdY&JU rSD&m(= trSDcH) ½kyfoabmw&m;wpfck jzpfygw,f/ 'D½kyfuvmyfu rMunfwJh½kyfuvmyfjzpfw,f/ usef½kyfuvmyfawGukd pu©K'Gg&rSm ajymqkdcJhwJhenf;pepfawGukd trSDjyKNyD;awmh qufvufodrf;qnf; ½IyGm;yg/

'Dvkd 'Gg& (6)yg;ESifh (42)aum|morSm&SdwJh ½kyfw&m;awGukd pepfwusodrf;qnf;EkdifygrS ½kyfw&m; (28)yg; pkHnDrSm jzpfygw,f/

'D½kyf (28)yg;ukd tm,wea'oemawmft& tm,wetm;jzifhcGJjcm;a0zefvkdufvQif --

1/ pu©Kyom'u - pu©m,we

2/ aomwyom'u - aomwm,we

3/ Cmeyom'u - Cmem,we

4/ Zd0Sgyom'u - Zd0Sg,we

5/ um,yom'u - um,m,we --

aygif;vkdufawmh twGif;tm,we (5)yg; jzpfw,f/

1/ ½lyg½kHu - ½lyg,we = ta&miftqif;

2/ o'´g½kHu - o'´g,we = toH


3/ *E¨m½kHu - *E¨m,we = teHY

4/ &om½kHu - &om,we = t&om

5/ yx0D-awaZm-0ga,m"mwfokH;yg;u - azm|AÁm,we = azm|AÁm½kH

6/ usef½kyfw&m;awGu - "r®m,we wpfpdwfwpfa'o jzpfygw,f/

aygif;vkdufawmh tjyiftm,we (6)yg;eD;eD; jzpfygw,f/

'D½kyfykdif;qkdif&m ½IuGufawGuawmh 0dok'¨dr*¾t|uxm 'kwd,wGJ½lyedAÁwådyóemum&ykdif; (0dok'¨d-2-249-253/ r[m#D-2-399-405/) - wGifvm&SdwJh ½IuGufawG jzpfygw,f/

ckajymcJhwmawGuawmh ½kyftppf (18)rsKd;wkdYESifh qufoG,faewJh½kyfuvmyf½IuGufawG jzpfMuygw,f/ ½kyftwkawGESifh a&maESmaewJhpdwåZ-OwkZ-tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyf ½IuGufawGvnf; &Sdygao;w,f/q&morm;ESifhyJ csOf;uyfavhvmyg/ ½kyftppf ½kyftwk tm;vkH;aygif;vkdufvQifawmh ½kyf (28)yg; jzpfygw,f/ 'D½kyf (28)yg;ukd [kwfwkdif;rSefpGmrodcJhvQif edAÁmefukd &Ekdifrvm;vkdY ar;p&m&Sdw,f/ r&Ekdifbl;vm;vkdYvnf;ar;p&m&Sdw,f/ 'Dvkd ar;vQifawmh jrwfpGmbk&m; udk,fawmfwdkifu -r[ma*gygvuokwåefrSm 'Dvdk twdtus a[mxm;awmfrlygw,f/

]]EGm;taygif;udk xdef;ausmif;aewJh EGm;ausmif;om;wpfa,mufurdrdxdef;ausmif;aewJhEGm; b,fESpfaumif&Sdw,fvdkY ta&twGufudkvnf;[kwfwdkif;rSefpGm rodcJhvQifç EGm;jym b,fESpfaumif EGm;eD b,fESpfaumifEGm;usm; b,fESpfaumif &Sdw,fvdkY ta&miftqif;udkvnf; [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm rodcJhvQif xdkEGm;ausmif;om;onf EGm;taygif;udk xdef;ausmif;aomfvnf; EGm;taygif;&JU BuD;yGm;rI wdk;wufrI b,fvdkrS rjzpfEdkifbl;?qkwf,kwfrI ysufpD;rIom jzpfEdkifw,f/


tJ'DyHkpHtwdkif;yJ igbk&m;&Sif&JUomoemawmfrSmvnf; blw½kyf-Oyg'g½kyfac:wJh (28)yg;aom ½kyfw&m;awGudk ta&twGuftm;jzifhaomfvnf;aumif;? b,f½kyfawGu uHaMumifhjzpfw,f b,f½kyfawGu pdwfaMumifhjzpfw,f b,f½kyfawGu OwkaMumifhjzpfw,f b,f½kyfawGutm[m&aMumifhjzpfw,f ponfjzifh taMumif;ork|meftm;jzifhaomfvnf;aumif; [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm rodcJhvQif igbk&m;&Sif&JU omoemawmfrSmr*fÓPf zdkvfÓPf edAÁmefudk b,fvdkrSr&Edkifbl;}} vdkY --

bk&m;&Sifudk,fawmfwdkifu EGm;ausmif;om;udk yHkpHxm;NyD;awmh r[ma*gygvuokwåefrSm (r-1-281-286/) twdtus a[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJhtwGuf bk&m;qdkvdkwJh r*f zdkvf edAÁmef tppftrSefudk vdkvm;awmifhwaewJh olawmfaumif; rSefcJhvQifawmh ½kyf (28)yg;udk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGmodatmifawmh BudK;yrf;&awmhr,f/

½kyfawGudk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm odNyD;wJhtcsdeftcgrSm xdkyk*¾dKvfu a&SUwpfqifhwufNyD;awmh bmvkyf&rvJ¿ emrfw&m;awGudk wpfqifhwufNyD;awmh ½I&w,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ - ½kyfw&m;oufoufudk 0dyóem½Iae½kHrQjzifhaomfvnf; r*fÓPfudk b,fvdkrS r&Edkifbl;? emrfw&m;oufoufudk 0dyóem ½Iae½HkrQjzifhaomfvnf; r*fÓPfudk b,fvdkrSrqdkufEdkifbl;/

'gaMumifh ..

aom umave ½lyH or®owd? umave t½lyH/ (tbd-|-1-271/)

aom =aom =aom =aom =aom = xdka,m*Dyk*¾dKvfonf/ umave = umave = umave = umave = umave = &Hcg/ ½lyH = ½lyH = ½lyH = ½lyH = ½lyH = ½kyfw&m;udk/or®owd =or®owd =or®owd =or®owd =or®owd = okH;oyf½IyGm;íae\/ umave = umave = umave = umave = umave = &Hcg/ t½lyH = t½lyH = t½lyH = t½lyH = t½lyH = emrfw&m;udk/ or®owd = or®owd = or®owd = or®owd = or®owd = okH;oyf½IyGm;í ae\/

&Hcg ½kyfw&m;udkç &Hcg emrfw&m;udk tedpö 'ku© tewå vu©Pma&;


oHk;wef wpfvSnfhpDwifNyD; 0dyóem½I&rSm jzpfw,f/ bmjzpfvdkYvJ¿owå0gawGonf ..½kyfw&m;tay:rSmom wG,fwmwyfrufaeonfr[kwf? emrfw&m;tay:rSmvnf; wG,fwmwyfrufrIawG r&Sdbl;vm;¿&Sdw,f/

igh&JUo'¨gw&m;u olrsm;&JU o'¨gw&m;ESifh rwlbl;? ighapwemuolrsm; apwemESifh rwlbl;? ighavmbu olrsm;avmbESifh rwlbl;ponfjzifh 'Dvdk pGJvrf;rIawG r&Sdbl;vm;¿ &Sdw,f/

½kyfw&m;tay:rSmom igç igh[m[k pGJvrf;onf r[kwf? emrfw&m;awGtay:rSmvnf; igç igh[m ponfjzifh pGJvrf;aewJhtwGuf 'DtpGJtvef;awG (= wPSmpGJ rmepGJ 'd|dpGJ tpGJawG) jyKwfEdkifa&;twGuf emrfw&m;awGudkvnf; 0dyóem½Iay;&w,f? ½kyfw&m;awGudkvnf; 0dy-óem ½Iay;&w,f/

emrfw&m;udk odrf;qnf;ykH

tJ'Dawmh 'Demrfw&m;awGudk b,fvdk odrf;qnf;rvJvdkYar;awmhckeu - tm,we'Gg&0aoe - qdkNyD;awmh oar®m[0daem'eDt|uxm(tbd-|-2-241/) - pwJh t|uxmBuD;rsm;rSm azmfjyxm;wJhtwdkif;tm,we'Gg&tvdkuf odrf;qnf;&w,f/

'Dawmh Oyrm - ta&mifudkodwJhpdwfudk odrf;qnf;csifw,fqdkMuygpdkY?ta&mifudkodwJh0Dxdpdwfudk pu©K'Gg&0DxdpdwfvdkYac:w,f/ xdkpu©K'Gg&0Dxdpdwfudk odrf;qnf;csifwJh a,m*Dolawmfaumif;u pu©KtMunf"mwfESifh b0ifraemtMunf"mwf ESpfckudk yl;wGJNyD;awmh yxr odrf;qnf;&w,f? NydKifwlxifatmif avhusifh&w,f/

ÓPfxJrSm 'DtMunf"mwfESpfck NydKifwl xifvmNyDqdkwJh tcsdeftcgusawmhrS ½kyfuvmyfwpfck odkYr[kwf ½kyfuvmyftrsm;pk&JU ½lyg½Hk


ta&mifudk vSrf;NyD; tm½Hk,l&w,f/

xdk½lyg½Hkta&mifu pu©KtMunf"mwfESifh b0ifraemtMunf"mwfESpfckrSm NydKifwl vmNyD; ½dkufcwfvdkufwJh tcsdeftcgrSm - yÍö'Gg&m0ZÆef;çpu©K0dnmPfç orÜ#d päd Kif;ç oEÅD&Pç 0ka|mç aZm (7)Budrfç w'g½Hk ESpfBudrfpwJh 'D0Dxdpdwfav;awG ay:vmw,f/

tJ'Dawmh 'D0DxdpdwfawGudk rdrdwdkYu pepfwus ½IcsifvQifawmh ckeuqdkif&mqdkif&m tMunf"mwfawGudk pepfwus odrf;qnf;xm;NyD; jzpfzdkYawmh vdkygw,f/ tMunf"mwfqdkwm b,fvdkaeovJ¿ rodbl;qdkvQiftJ'D yk*¾dKvf[m emrfw&m;udk oGm;½Ivnf; b,fvdkrS [kwfwdkif;rSefpGmrodEdkifbl;/

²²²


psmefemrfw&m; (34) vHk;


1/ todpdwf = tjzLa&mifuodkPf; y#dbm*edrdwftm½kHukd &,ljcif;oabm/

[0dZmeeH tm&r®Pó Oyv'd - (rlv#D-1-87/) qkdwJh rlv#DumESifhtnD tm½kHukdodw,fqkdwm tJ'Dtm½kHukd vSrf;NyD; tm½kH,lMunfhwJhtcgtm½kH,lvkdY&vQif 'Dtm½kHukd odw,fvkdY ac:qkd&w,f/ tu,fí tm½kH,lvkdY r&bl;qkdvQif 'Dtm½kHukd odw,fvkdY rac:qkdEkdifbl;/]

2/ zó = tjzLa&mifuokdPf;y#dbm*edrdwftm½kHukd awGUxdaom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh jzpfjcif;oabm/

3/ a0'em = (okca0'em) tjzLa&mifuokdPf;y#dbm*edrdwftm½kH&JUt&omukd csrf;csrf;omom cHpm;jcif;oabm/

4/ onm = tjzLa&mifuodkPf;y#dbm*edrdwftm½kHukd ]]tjzL}}vkdYrSwfom;jcif;oabm/

[rSwfcsuf/ / aemufapwodufwkdYü tm½kH[kqkdvQif tjzLa&mifuokdPf;y#dbm*edrdwftm½kHukd qkdvkdonf[krSwfyg/]

5/ apwem = ...tm½kHay:okdY ,SOfzuf pdwf-apwoduf (= orÜ-,kwfw&m;) wkdYukd a&mufatmif aphaqmfay;jcif;(= Ekd;aqmfay;jcif;) oabm/

6/ {u*¾wm = ...tm½kHwpfckwnf;ay:okdY pdwfusa&mufaejcif;oabm (= wnfNidrfaejcif;oabm)/

7/ ZD0dw = ,SOfzuforÜ,kwfw&m;wkdYukd apmifha&Smufay;jcif;oabm/

8/ reodum& = ...tm½kHbufodkY pdwfukd (orÜ,kwfw&m;wkdYukd)OD;vSnfh wGef;ykdYay;jcif;oabm (= armif;ESifay;jcif;oabm)/

= ...tm½kHukd ESvkH;oGif;jcif;oabm/


9/ 0dwuf = ...tm½kHay:odkY pdwfukd (orÜ,kwfw&m;wkdYukd) a&S;½SLwifay;jcif;oabm/

= ...tm½kHukd MuHpnfjcif;oabm/

10/ 0dpm& = ...tm½kHukd xyfumxyfum okH;oyfqifjcifjcif;oabm (= qkyfe,fjcif;oabm)/

= ...tm½kHukd xyfíxyfí ,ljcif;oabm/

11/ t"darmu© = ...tm½kHukd ]]tjzL}}[k qkH;jzwfcsufcsjcif;oabm/

12/ 0D&d, = ...tm½kHukdodatmifç ...tm½kHü pdwfNidrf0yfpGmuyfí wnfaeatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfjcif;oabm/

13/ yDwd = ...tm½kHukd ESpfoufjcif;oabm/

14/ qE´ = ...tm½kHukd odvkdjcif;oabm/

15/ o'¨g = psmeform"dodu©m (= orm"dusifhpOf)ukd ,kHMunfjcif;oabm/

16/ owd = ...tm½kHü orÜ,kwfw&m;wkdYukd bl;awmif;uJhokdYray:apbJ ausmufzsmuJhokdY epfjrKyfapjcif;oabm/

= ...tm½kHukd rarhaysmufjcif;oabm/= ...tm½kHü pdwfckdifjrJjcif;oabm/

17/ [d&d = &Sufjcif;oabm/

18/ MowåyÜ = aMumufjcif;oabm/

«««««tukokdvfw&m;awGrS &SufrI aMumufrI a&S;½SLwnfaerIoabmrQom jzpfygw,f/»»»»»

19/ tavmb = ...tm½kHü pdwfruyfNidjcif; = rwyfrufjcif;oabm/

20/ ta'go = ...tm½kHü pdwfrcufxef rMurf;wrf;jcif;oabm/= ...tm½kHukd rzsufqD;vkdjcif;oabm/


21/ wMwrZÑwåwm = ...tm½kHü pdwfukd tv,ftvwf xm;jcif;oabm/

= ...tm½kHukd vspfvsL½Ijcif;oabm/

22/ um,yó'd = ...tm½kHü apwodufwkdY\ Nidrf;at;jcif;oabm/

23/ pdwåyó'd = ...tm½kHü pdwf\ Nidrf;at;jcif;oabm/

24/ um,v[kwm = ...tm½kHü apwodufwkdY\ vsifjrefayghyg;jcif;oabm/

25/ pdwåv[kwm = ...tm½kHü pdwf\ vsifjrefayghyg;jcif;oabm/

26/ um,rk'kwm = ...tm½kHü apwodufwkdY\ El;nHhjcif;oabm/

27/ pdwårk'kwm = ...tm½kHü pdwf\ El;nHhjcif;oabm/

28/ um,ur®nwm = ...tm½kHü apwodufwkdY\ chHnm;jcif;oabm/

29/ pdwåur®nwm = ...tm½Hkü pdwf\ cHhnm;jcif;oabm/

30/ um,yg*knwm = ...tm½kHü apwodufwkdY\ >yrf;wD;avhvmEkdifeif;jcif;oabm/

31/ pdwåyg*knwm = ...tm½kHü pdwf\ >yrf;wD;avhvmEkdifeif;jcif;oabm/

32/ um,kZkuwm = ...tm½kHü apwodufwkdY\ ajzmifhrwfjcif;oabm/

33/ pdwåKZkuwm = ...tm½kHü pdwf\ ajzmifhrwfjcif;oabm/

34/ ynm = tjzLa&mifuokdPf;y#dbm*edrdwftm½kHukd xGif;azmufodjcif;oabm/

tm;vkH;aygif;vkdufawmh psmefemrfw&m; (34)vkH; jzpfygw,f/ 'Dpsmefemrfw&m;awGukd todpdwfu pNyD; wpfvkH;pD wpfvkH;pD wkd;um


wpfp wpfp odrf;qnf;vkdY (34)vkH;ukd NydKifwl odrf;qnf;EkdifNyDqkdvQifpsmeormywåd0DxdpOftwkdif; jyefodrf;qnf;yg/

psmeormywåd0DxdpdwftpOfuawmh - raem'Gg&m0ZÆef;? y&duH? Oypm?tEkvkH? a*gMwbk? psmefaZm tBudrfrsm;pGm - qkdwJh 0DxdpOf jzpfw,f/

raem'Gg&m0ZÆef; - qkdwmu tjzLa&mifuokdPf; y#dbm*edrdwftm½kHukd a&S;OD;pGm qifjcifwJh 0Dxdpdwf jzpfygw,f/

y&duH - qkdwmuawmh tyÜempsmefpdwf jzpfay:vm&ef jyKjyifpD&ifwwfwJhpdwf jzpfygw,f/

Oypm& (Oypm) - qkdwmuawmh tyÜempsmefpdwf&JU teD;tyg;rSmuyfNyD; jzpfwwfwJhpdwf jzpfygw,f/

tEkavmr -- tyÜempsmefokdYrqkdufrD psmef&&Sda&;twGuf tjzLa&mifuokdPf;y#dbm*edrdwfukdyJ tm½kH,lum pD;jzef;aewJhvkyfief;&yfukd y&duHvkdY ac:qkdygw,f/ tEkavmr (tEkvkH) qkdwmuawmh tJ'D y&duHESifhtyÜempsmefwkdYtm; avsmfaompdwf jzpfygw,f/

a*gMwbk - qkdwmuawmh umrtEG,fukd vTrf;rdk;zdpD;wwf jzwfawmufwwfwJhpdwf jzpfygw,f/

psmefaZm - qkdwmuawmh tjzLa&mifuokdPf; y#dbm*edrdwftm½kHukdpkdufpkdufpl;pl; txl;jrJjrH ½Itm;oefwJhpdwf jzpfygw,f/ psmef0ifpm;wJhtcg'Dpsmefpdwf (psmefaZm) awGu tBudrfrsm;pGm (1)em&D (2)em&D ponfjzifhqufwkdufjzpfMuygw,f/

ckajymcJhwJh psmeormywåd0Dxdac:wJh psmef0ifpm;wJh 0DxdpdwftpOfrSmyg0ifwJh raem'Gg&m0ZÆef;rSm - todpdwf zó a0'em onm apwem{u*¾wm ZD0dw reodum& 0dwuf 0dpm& t"darmu© 0D&d, - qkdwJhemrfw&m;pk (12)vkH; &Sdygw,f/ a0'emu Oayu©ma0'em jzpfw,f/


usefaewJh y&duH? Oypm? tEkvkH? a*gMwbk? psmefpdwf - 'Dpdwåu©Ptm;vkH;rSmawmh emrfw&m; (34)vkH;pD pdwåu©Pwkdif;rSm &SdMuygw,f/a0'emuawmh okc (aomreó) a0'em jzpfygw,f/

'Demrfw&m;awGukd odrf;qnf;wJhtykdif;rSm ckvkd todpdwfupNyD; odrf;qnf;vQifvnf; emrfw&m;awGukd wpfvkH;pDwkd;um wpfpwpfp ukefpifatmif odrf;qnf;&rSm jzpfygw,f/ emrfw&m;tm;vkH;ukd odrf;qnf;rdNyDqkdvQif - 'D emrfw&m;tm;vkH;u tjzLa&mifuokdPf; y#dbm*edrdwftm½kHbufokdY ñGwfukdif;½Idif;aeMuwJhtwGuf tjzLa&mifuokdPf;y#dbm*edrdwftm½kHudk ñGwfukdif;½Idif;jcif;qkdwJhoabmukd tm½kH,lum]]emrfw&m; emrfw&m;}} vkdY odrf;qnf;yg/

<uif;usefaeao;wJh psmefemrfw&m;awGukd odrf;qnf;ykHç <uif;usefaeao;wJh 'Gg& (6)yg;rSmjzpfwJh umrm0p&emrfw&m;awGukd odrf;qnf;ykHawGukdawmh q&morm;ESifhyJ csOf;uyfNyD; avhvmyg/

½kyfemrfukd yl;wGJodrf;qnf;yg

'Dvkd 'Gg& (6)yg;vkH;rSm jzpfay:oGm;wJh emrfw&m;awGukd odrf;qnf;NyD;wJhtcg ½kyfESifhemrfukd yl;wGJodrf;qnf;yg/ ykHpHwpfcktaeESifh ajymvQifawmh ckeuajymcJhwJh yxrpsmefemrfw&m;pkyg0ifwJh psmeormywåd0Dxdemrfw&m;pkyJ qkdMupkdY ../

1/ raem'Gg&m0ZÆef;ü -- rSD&m0w¬K½kyf (54)u ½kyfw&m;çpdwf+apwoduf (12)vkH;u emrfw&m;?

2/ y&duHü -- rSD&m0w¬K½kyf (54)u ½kyfw&m;çpdwf+apwoduf (34)vkH;u emrfw&m;?

3/ Oypm&ü -- rSD&m0w¬K½kyf (54)u ½kyfw&m;çpdwf+apwoduf (34)vkH;u emrfw&m;?


4/ tEkvkHü -- rSD&m0w¬K½kyf (54)u ½kyfw&m;çpdwf+apwoduf (34)vkH;u emrfw&m;?

5/ a*gMwbkü -- rSD&m0w¬K½kyf (54)u ½kyfw&m;çpdwf+apwoduf (34)vkH;u emrfw&m;?

6/ psmefaZmü -- rSD&m0w¬K½kyf (54)u ½kyfw&m;çpdwf+apwoduf (34)vkH;u emrfw&m; --

'Dvkd ½kyfemrfukd yl;wGJodrf;qnf;yg/

'Dae&mrSm ckajymcJhwJh psmeormywåd0DxdtwGif;rSm&SdwJh emrfw&m;tm;vkH;wkdY[m [',0w¬K½kyfukdcsnf; rSDjzpfMuygw,f/ 'D [',0w¬Kqkdwmuvnf; rdrdwkdY&JU a&S;a&S;pdwåu©PESifh NydKifwljzpfwJh [',0w¬Kjzpfygw,f/ Oyrm - raem'Gg&m0ZÆef;u rdrda&SUujzpfoGm;wJh aemufqkH;b0ifpdwfESifh Oyg'fcsif;NydKifjzpfwJh [',0w¬K½kyfukd rSDjzpfw,f/ y&duHurdrda&SUrSm&SdwJh raem'Gg&m0ZÆef;ESifh Oyg'fcsif;NydKifjzpfwJh [',0w¬K½kyfukdrSDjzpfygw,f/ aemufpdwåu©PawGrSmvnf; enf;wl oabmaygufyg/

[',0w¬K½kyfukd rSDjzpfMuaomfvnf; 'D [',0w¬K½kyf[m [',0w¬K wpfckwnf; jzpfEkdifwJhpGrf;tm; r&Sdygbl;/ [','ouuvmyfac:wJh ½kyfuvmyftaeESifh tkyfpktvkdufom jzpfEkdifygw,f/

wpfzef - 'D [','ouuvmyfuvnf; ESvkH;tdrftwGif; um,'ouuvmyf bm0'ouuvmyf pdwåZt|uvmyf OwkZt|uvmyftm[m&Zt|uvmyfwkdYESifhom twlwuG jzpfavh&Sdygw,f/ ESvkH;tdrftwGif;rSm&SdwJh ½kyfuvmyfawGukd trsKd;tpm;wl&m pkaygif;vkdufvQif½kyfuvmyftrsKd;tpm; (6)rsKd; ½kyftrsKd;tpm; (54)rsKd;wkdY jzpfMuygw,f/

½kyfw&m;awGukd ½IwJhtykdif;rSm a&S;uajymcJhwJh ½kyfCe (= ½kyftwkH;tcJ) okH;rsKd;NydKrS y&rwfokdY ÓPftjrifqkdufrSm jzpfwJhtwGuf y&rwfokdY


ÓPftjrifqkdufatmif CeNydKatmif ESvkH;tdrftwGif;rSm&SdwJh ½kyftm;vkH;ukdyJ jcHKikHNyD; odrf;qnf;&ygw,f/ 'gaMumifh t|uxmBuD;rsm;u -tbd"r®menf;t& pu©K0dnmPfpwJh emrfw&m;awG[m pu©K0w¬K[',0w¬K pwJh xkdxkd qkdif&mqkdif&m 0w¬K ½kyfawGukd rSDjzpfMuaomfvnf;okwåefenf;t& CeNydKatmif y&rwfokdY ÓPftjrifqkdufatmif ½IuGufukd ñTefjyvkdwJhtwGuf --

0w¬K emr u&Zuma,m/ y / aom tw¬awm blwmed ap0Oyg'g½lyged p/ (r-|-1-281/ tbd-|-2-252-253/)

'Dvkd zGifhqkdxm;Muygw,f/ 'gaMumifh - okwåefenf;t& pu©K0w¬K[',0w¬K pwJh 0w¬K½kyfoufoufukdom ,lí r½IbJ xkd0w¬K½kyfwkdYESifhqkdif&m'Gg&rSm twljzpfMuwJh blw½kyf Oyg'g½kyf tm;vkH;ukdyJ odrf;usKH;um½kyfw&m;tjzpf ½I&ygw,f/

'Gg& (6)yg;vkH;rSmjzpfwJh emrfw&m;wkdif;rSm ykHpHwlyJ ½kyfemrfukd yl;wGJodrf;qnf;yg/ aemufwpfqifhu bmvkyf&rvJ¿ --

emr½ly00w¬me = emrf½kyfukd ykdif;jcm;rSwfom;jcif;

aemufwpfqifhuawmh - emrf½kyfukd ykdif;jcm; rSwfom;jcif; qkdwJhvkyfief;&yf jzpfygw,f/ 'Gg& (6)yg;rSm jzpfay:oGm;wJh ½kyfESifh emrfukdyl;wGJodrf;qnf;NyD;wJhtcg tJ'D½kyfemrfawGrSm ]]ig-olwpfyg;-a,mufsm;-rdef;r-yk*¾dKvf-owå0g-vl-ewf-jA[®m-toufaumif-vdyfjymaumif-0dnmPfaumif-twåaumif r&SdrIoabm}}ukd tm½kHjyKNyD;awmh --

]]yk*¾dKvf-owå0g-ZD0-twå r&Sd? ½kyf-emrfrQom &Sd\}}

'Dvkd emrf½kyfukd ykdif;jcm;rSwfom;yg/


tm,we (12) yg;

a&SUykdif;u pu©m,weç aomwm,weç Cmem,weç Zd0Sg,weçum,m,weqkdwJh twGif;tm,we (5)yg;ESifh ½lyg,weç o'g,weç*Em,weç &om,weç azm|AÁm,weç "r®m,wewpfpdwfwpfa'oqkdwJh tjyiftm,we (6)yg;? aygif; - ½kyftm,we (10)yg;cGJ ajymcJhNyD;NyD/

tck odrf;qnf;cJhwJh emrfw&m;awGxJrSm - todpdwf tm;vkH;urem,we jzpfw,f/ 'Drem,wexJrSm y#doaEpdwf b0ifpdwf pkwdpdwfqkdwJh 0DxdrStvGwfjzpfwJh 0DxdrkwfpdwfawGvnf; ygygw,f/ pdwåu©PtoD;toD;rSm 'DpdwfawGESifh xkdufovkd ,SOfwGJ jzpfaewJh apwoduf(52)vkH;u "r®m,we jzpfw,f/ tm;vkH;aygif;vkdufawmh --

1/ pu©m,we + ½lyg,we - wpfpkH

2/ aomwm,we + o'´g,we - wpfpkH

3/ Cmem,we + *E¨m,we - wpfpkH

4/ Zd0Sg,we + &om,we - wpfpkH

5/ um,m,we + azm|AÁm,we - wpfpkH

6/ rem,we + "r®m,we - wpfpkH

aygif;vkdufawmh tm,we (6)pkH jzpfygw,f/ 'Dtm,we (6)pkHukd&nfñTef;NyD;awmh bk&m;&Sifu pdwåol<u,ftm; --

ow¬m wó tZÑmo,0aoe oVm,we0dbwådar0 uaxod/ (tH-|-1-298/)

bk&m;&Sifonf xkdpdwåol<u,f&JU tZÑmo,"mwfukdyJ Munfh½Iawmfrlum ol\tZÑmo, twGif;"mwfcHESifh avsmfnDpGm oVm,we0dbwådvkdY ac:qkdtyfwJh twGif;tm,we tjyiftm,we (6)pkHESifh qufpyf


aewJh w&m;awmfukdyJ a0zefykdif;jcm;um a[mMum;jyo qkdqkH;ray;awmfrlygw,f/

'gaMumifh w&m;emy&dowfawGvnf; 0dyóem bm0emur®|mef;ukdpD;jzef;awmhr,fqdkvQif 'ku©opömtrnf&wJh twGif;tm,we (6)yg;tjyiftm,we (6)yg;qkdwJh tm,we (6)pkHjzpfwJh ½kyfw&m; emrfw&m;awGukd a&S;OD;pGm odrf;qnf;xm;zkdY ÓPfjzifh ykdif;jcm;,lxm;zkdY vkdtyfygw,f/

'D'ku©opömw&m;awG[m vu©Pma&;okH;wef wifum 0dyóem½IyGm;okH;oyf&rnfh eHygwfwpf w&m;tkyfpkawG jzpfMuygw,f/ eHygwfESpfw&m;tkyfpkuawmh ork',opömw&m;awG jzpfMuygw,f/

'gaMumifh ½kyfw&m;awGukd odrf;qnf;NyD;wJh ÓPfESifhykdif;jcm;,lNyD;wJhyk*¾dKvf[m tm,we'Gg&tvkduf jzpfay:aewJh emrfw&m;awGukd 'Gg&(6)yg;vkH;rSm qufvufodrf;qnf;yg/ tao;pdwf avhusifhyHkpepfawGukdawmh q&morm;ESifhyJ csOf;uyfavhvmayawmh/ tJ'Dvdk avhusifhvdkufygrS emrfw&m;udk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm odrSm? ½kyfawG emrfawGudk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm odrSmjzpfygw,f/

emr½lyy&dapä'ÓPf

tJ'D½kyfawGudk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGmodNyD emrfw&m;awGudk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGmodNyDqdkawmhrS tZÑwåMunfhvnf; ½kyfw&m;tpktyHk emrfw&m;tpktyHkyJ&Sdw,f/ A[d'rSmvnf; A[d'csif;wlvdkY omrefaygif;pkjcHKiHkNyD; vSrf;Munfhvdkufawmh ½kyfw&m;tpktyHk emrfw&m;tpktyHkyJ &Sdw,f? ½kyfemrfuvGJvdkYyk*¾dKvf-owå0g-ZD0-twå r&Sdbl;qdkNyD;awmh ½kyfoufouf odrf;qnf;jcif;çemrfoufouf odrf;qnf;jcif;ç ½kyfemrf cGJjcif;ç ½kyfemrf ydkif;jcm;jcif;qdkwJh'Dvkyfief;&yfawGudk qufNyD; jyKvkyf&ygw,f/


ypö,y&d*¾[ÓPf

tJ'Dvdk jyKvkyfvdkY atmifjrifNyDqdkwJh tcsdeftcgusawmhrS - tZÑwåçA[d'¨ ESpfXmewdkYü 'D½kyfawG emrfawGudk pepfwus odrf;qnf;wwfNyDqdkawmhrS 'D½kyf 'Demrfonf bmaMumifhjzpfovJqdkwJh taMumif;udk odcsifwJhpdwfESifh twdwfbufudk wmplNyD; ½kyfawG emrfawGudk wpfpwpfpodrf;qnf;cJhaomf wjznf;jznf;ESifh uav;b0rSmwnf&SdwJh ½kyfemrf ..

uav;b0 ½kyfemrfuae trd0rf;wGif; ..

trd0rf;wGif; ½kyfemrfuae uvva&MunftcdkufrSm&SdwJh ½kyfemrftxd qufvufodrf;qnf;&ygw,f/

uvva&MunfrSm&SdwJh ½kyfawGemrfawGudk odrf;qnf;NyD;wJhtcg [dkbufudk 'D½kyfemrfawG b,fuvmovJvdkY vSrf;NyD; odcsifwJh pdwfESifhxdk;pdkufvdkufaomf [dkbufu aocgeD;umvrSm tusKd;ay;rnfh uH&JUpGrf;tifowådaMumifh xifaewJh tm½HkedrdwfawG vmNyD;ay:w,f/

ck pdwåol<u,f'g,umBuD;rSmawmh tusKd;ay;aewmu b,fuHvJ¿uóyjrwfpGmbk&m; vufxufawmf tcsdeftcgwkef;u vdkPf*lwpfcktwGif; ausmufzsmxufü bm0emur®|mef;pD;jzef;aewJh &[ef;olawmfaumif; wpfyg;udk qGrf;vSLcJhwJhuHu vmNyD; tusKd;ay;aew,f/

tJ'DuHu vGefcJhwJh twdwfb0 aocgeD;umv pdwåol<u,favmif;jzpfwJh 'g,um&JU b0ifraemtMunfrSm vmNyD;awmh xifaeygw,f/tJ'DqGrf;vSLaewJh uHtm½kH[m olU&JUr&PmoEéaZm&JUtm½kH jzpfaew,f/

tvm;wlyJ a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfuvnf; rdrd&JU y#doaE¨cE¨mig;yg; pwJhtusKd;0dygufawGudk wdkuf½dkufjzpfapwwfwJh uHudk jrifatmif vSrf;½I&ygw,f/ tJ'DuHudk vSrf;NyD; jrifatmif MunfhNyD;awmhrS pdwåol<u,fwdkYvdkqGrf;vSLwJhtm½Hk ay:vmNyDqdkawmhrS qGrf;vSLaewJhyHkrSm ajymif;NyD;awmh


tJ'DqGrf;vSLcJhwJhykHrSm wnf&SdwJh "mwfav;yg;udk odrf;qnf;&w,f/

"mwfav;yg;udk pdkuf½IvdkufvQif uvmyftrIefawGudk awGUr,f/ ½kyfawG "mwfcGJ? txl;ojzifh ESvHk;rSm&SdwJh (54)rsKd;aom ½kyfawGudk "mwfcGJNyD;awmh [',0w¬Kudk rdatmifodrf;qnf;vdkufvQif xkd[',0w¬Kudk rSDwG,fNyD;jzpfay:aewJh b0ifraemtMunfudk vSrf;½IvQif ½IvdkY pdkufvdkY&NyD/

b0ifraemtMunf"mwfudk zrf;vdkYrdNyDqdkvdkY&SdvQif 'Dtdrf&Sifb0ifraemtMunf"mwfudk a&SUwdk;Munfh aemufqkwfMunfh MunfhvdkufcJhaomfckeu qkawmif;aewJh pdwftpOfav;awG ay:vmr,f/

pdwåol<u,ftaMumif;udk jyefqufMu&atmif .../

pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umu bmqkawmif;cJhovJ¿

,xm,H &oyd@ygawe o'¨ ð ykyæylZm pdwåH y&dawmaowd? {0HedAÁwåedAÁwå|mae ar yPÖmum&o[ómed ap0 tm*päEÅ K yÍö0PÖ-ukokr0óÍö 0ówk/ (tH-|-1-297/)

baEÅ =baEÅ =baEÅ =baEÅ =baEÅ = t&Sifbk&m; .../ &oyd@ygawe = &oyd@ygawe = &oyd@ygawe = &oyd@ygawe = &oyd@ygawe = rGefjrwfvSaomt&om&Sdaom qGrf;cJzG,fabmZOfESifh/ o'¨ð = o'¨ð = o'¨ð = o'¨ð = o'¨ð = twlwuG/ t,H ykyæylZm t,H ykyæylZm t,H ykyæylZm t,H ykyæylZm t,H ykyæylZm===== þyef;ukd vSL'gef;ylaZmf&jcif;onf/ ar = ar = ar = ar = ar = bk&m;wynfhawmf\/ pdwåH pdwåH pdwåH pdwåH pdwåH===== pdwfukd/ y&dawmaowd ,xm = y&dawmaowd ,xm = y&dawmaowd ,xm = y&dawmaowd ,xm = y&dawmaowd ,xm = ESpfoufauseyfapouJhokdY/ {0H{0H{0H{0H{0H===== þtwl/ t[H = t[H = t[H = t[H = t[H = bk&m;wynfhawmfonf/ edAÁwåedAÁwå|mae = edAÁwåedAÁwå|mae = edAÁwåedAÁwå|mae = edAÁwåedAÁwå|mae = edAÁwåedAÁwå|mae =jzpfav&mXme jzpfav&m bkHb0ü/ ar = ar = ar = ar = ar = bk&m;wynfhawmftm;/yPÖmum&o[ómed ap0 =yPÖmum&o[ómed ap0 =yPÖmum&o[ómed ap0 =yPÖmum&o[ómed ap0 =yPÖmum&o[ómed ap0 = vufaqmif taxmifaygif;rsm;pGmwkdYonfvnf;/ tm*ptm*ptm*ptm*ptm*pää ää ä EEEEEÅÅ ÅÅ Å KKKKK ===== usa&mufqkdufa&mufvmMuygapukefownf;/yÍö0PÖukokr0óÍö =yÍö0PÖukokr0óÍö =yÍö0PÖukokr0óÍö =yÍö0PÖukokr0óÍö =yÍö0PÖukokr0óÍö = ig;yg;aom tqif;&Sdaom yef;rkd;onfvnf;/0ówk =0ówk =0ówk =0ówk =0ówk = &GmoGef;ygapownf;/ --

olawmif;cJhwJhqkyJ? tJ'Dqkawmif;cJhwJhpdwftpOfawG jyefay:vmvdrfh


r,f/ jyefay:wJhtcsdeftcgrSm ckeu vufaqmiftaxmifaygif;rsm;pGmqdkufa&mufEdkifwJh a,mufsm;b0ç yef;rdk;&GmoGef;EdkifwJh a,mufsm;b0vdkYtodrSm;aewJh oabmu t0dZÆm?

xdkb0udk wG,fwmwyfrufaewJhoabmu wPSm?

pdwfuyfNyD;pGJaewJhoabmu Oyg'gef?

t0dZÆmç wPSmç Oyg'gef? tJ'D t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gefuvnf; olUoHk;vHk;wnf; jzpfwmawmh r[kwfbl;? a,bk,stm;jzifhaygh yDwdvnf;ygr,fqdkvQifawmh pdwf-apwoduf tvHk; (20) &Sdygw,f/

tvm;wlyJ a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu rdrd&JUtwdwfuHudk vSrf;NyD; ÓPfESifh½IvdkY&NyDqdkvQifawmh t0dZÆm-wPSm-Oyg'geftkyfpkç ocFg&-uHtkyfpkawGudk uGJuGJjym;jym; odatmif avhusifh&rSmjzpfw,f/ a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfawGudkpepfwus aoaocsmcsm CeNydKatmifç emrfwHk; emrfcJawG NydKuGJatmifawmh t½Icdkif;&ygw,f/

pdwåol<u,fudk jyefMunfhyg? ol&JU t0dZÆmç wPSmç Oyg'gefuudavo0#f? 'Dudavo0#fawGudk tajccHNyD;awmh 'Dudk,fawmfudk qGrf;vSLcJhw,f? ocFg&vdkY ac:w,f/ b0opfudk jzpfapEdkifwJh pGrf;tm;&SdwJhtbdocFg&w&m;awGudk jyKpkysKd;axmifaejcif; jzpfygw,f/ a,bk,stm;jzifhawmh yDwdvnf; ygr,f uH-uH\tusKd;udk wwfodem;vnfaewJhÓPfvnf;ygr,fqdkvQifawmh pdwf-apwoduf (34)vHk;avmuf &Sdygw,f/ a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu 'Dvdk odrf;qnf;wwfzdkY vdkygw,f/

tJ'Demrfw&m;awG (= tJ'D t0dZÆm-wPSm-Oyg'geftkyfpkç ocFg&tkyfpk - pdwfapwodufw&m;awG) u y&rwfw&m;awGjzpfjcif;aMumifhy&rwfwkdY&JU "r®wmtwdkif; jzpfNyD;wmESifh ysufoGm;w,f/

ysufayrJhvdkY aemifwpfcsdefrSm olarQmfvifhawmifhwaewJh a,mufsm;


b0wpfckudk &apEdkifwJh pGrf;tifur®owådudk ½kyfemrftpOfrSm jrKyfESHNyD;rScsKyfysufoGm;w,f? tJ'D pGrf;tifur®owådu uH-jzpfw,f/ tvm;wlyJa,m*Dyk*¾dKvfuvnf; rdrdxlaxmifcJhwJh tJ'DuHudk jrifatmifawmhvSrf;&Sm&w,f? b,fvdk&SmrvJvdkYar;awmh 'DocFg&w&m;ESifh uyfNyD;&Sm&wmyJ/

'D pdwf-apwoduf (34)vHk; csKyfysufoGm;wJhtcgrSm usef&pfcJhwJhpGrf;tifudk jrifatmif 'Dpdwf-apwodufawGESifh uyfNyD; Munfh&ygw,f/

MunfhvdkufwJhtcsdeftcgrSm 'Dur®owådudk awGUNyDqdkawmhrS rdrd&JUy#doaEuvva&MunfwnfcdkufrSm jzpfay:aewJh cEmig;yg; (½kyfw&m;emrfw&m;awG)ESifh aMumif;usKd;qufEG,frI &Sd-r&Sdudk wpfzefjyefNyD;awmhMunfh&w,f/

MunfhvdkufwJhtcgrSm [dkbufb0u ur®owådudk Munfhvdkuf? 'Dbufb0u ½kyfawGudk Munfhvdkuf? ur®owådudk Munfhvdkuf 'Dbufb0u½kyfawGudk Munfhvdkuf? tJ'Dvdk xyfumxyfum MunfhvdkufvQif 'DuHaMumifh 'D½kyfw&m;awGu xif&Sm;jzpfcJhwm rSefvQifaygh? 'DuHaMumifh 'D½kyfw&m;awG xif&Sm;jzpfaewmudk a,m*Dolawmfaumif;u udk,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufNyD; 'DtcgrSm odEdkifygw,f/ odkYaomf odEdkifa&;twGuf oabmaygufatmifawmh BudKwifNyD; oifay;&wJh tcsuftvufuav; wpfckawmh &Sdw,f/

½kyfw&m;awGudk odrf;qnf;wJhtydkif;rSm pdwfaMumifhjzpfwJh ½kyfudka,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu 'DtcgrSm odrf;qnf;xm;NyD; jzpfygw,f/

b0ifraemtMunfudk pdwfpdkufNyD;awmh vufndK;av;wpfacsmif;udkauG;vdkuf qefYvdkuf jyKvkyfcdkif;w,f/ auG;csif qefYcsifaewJh pdwfudkjrifatmifMunfh&w,f/ tJ'D pdwfaMumifh pdwåZ½kyfvdkY ac:qdktyfwJh


uvmyftrIefav;awG wzGm;zGm; jzpfaewm jrifatmif Munfh&w,f/uvmyfuav;awG "mwfcGJMunfhvQif wpfrIef wpfrIefrSm yx0Dç tmaygçawaZmç 0ga,mç tqif;ç teHYç t&omç MoZm qdkNyD; oabmw&m;&Spfck &Sdygw,f/ tJ'D½kyfuvmyfawGu rMunfMubl;/

tJ'D½kyfoabmw&m;awGESifh pdwfwdkY&JU aMumif;usKd;qufEG,faewJhoabmvdkyJ pdwfaMumifh pdwåZ½kyfawG wzGm;zGm; jzpfaewmudk oabmaygufaewJh a,m*Dolawmfaumif;u twdwfuHudk vSrf;MunfhvdkufvdkYjrifNyDqdkvQif xdkuHaMumifh ur®Z½kyfawG wzGm;zGm;jzpfaewmudk jrifatmif½IvdkY&r,f/

tJ'DvdkjrifwJhtcsdeftcgusawmhrS - ]]t0dZÆmjzpfjcif;aMumifh ½kyfjzpf\?t0dZÆmu taMumif;w&m; ½lyu©Emu tusKd;w&m;}} - ponfjzifh tJ'DrSmtaMumif; tusKd; odrf;qnf;&ygw,f/ tJ'Dvdk taMumif;w&m; tusKd;w&m; odrf;qnf;aewJhÓPfudkawmh ypö,y&d*¾[ÓPfvdkY ac:ygw,f/ypö,y&d*¾[ÓPf &NyD;NyDqdkvQif vHkavmufNyDvm;¿ rvHkavmufao;bl;/

Ówy&dnmpcef;Ówy&dnmpcef;Ówy&dnmpcef;Ówy&dnmpcef;Ówy&dnmpcef;

]]twDawyd ypö,m ap0 ypö,orkyÜEé"r®m p? tem*awyd {w&-[dyd ypö,m ap0 ypö,orkyÜEé"r®m p? wawm O'H oawåm 0g yk*¾avm0g ew¬d? ok'¨ocFg&ykaÍÆm {0g}}wd wDok t'¨gok ucø 0dw&wd/ t,Hye 0dyóemocFg&ov’u©Pm Ówy&dnmÓwy&dnmÓwy&dnmÓwy&dnmÓwy&dnm emr/ --

oar®m[0daem'eDt|uxm (tbd-|-2-242/) ponfwdkYrSm zGifhqdkxm;ygw,f/

twDawyd =twDawyd =twDawyd =twDawyd =twDawyd = twdwfüvnf;yJ/ ypö,m ap0 = ypö,m ap0 = ypö,m ap0 = ypö,m ap0 = ypö,m ap0 = taMumif;w&m;wdkYonfomvnf;aumif;/ ypö,orkyÜEé"r®m p = ypö,orkyÜEé"r®m p = ypö,orkyÜEé"r®m p = ypö,orkyÜEé"r®m p = ypö,orkyÜEé"r®m p = taMumif;w&m;wdkYudk


pGJrSDí jzpfay:vmaom tusKd;w&m;wdkYonfomvnf;aumif;/ oEÅd = oEÅd = oEÅd = oEÅd = oEÅd =&SdMuavukef\/ tem*awyd = tem*awyd = tem*awyd = tem*awyd = tem*awyd = tem*wfüvnf;yJ/ ypö,m ap0 = ypö,m ap0 = ypö,m ap0 = ypö,m ap0 = ypö,m ap0 =taMumif;w&m;wdkYonfomvnf;aumif;/ ypö,orkyÜEé"r®m p = ypö,orkyÜEé"r®m p = ypö,orkyÜEé"r®m p = ypö,orkyÜEé"r®m p = ypö,orkyÜEé"r®m p =taMumif;w&m;wdkYudk pGJrSDí jzpfay:vmaom tusKd;w&m;wdkYonfomvnf;aumif;/ oEÅdoEÅdoEÅdoEÅdoEÅd ===== &SdMuavukef\/ {w&[dyd{w&[dyd{w&[dyd{w&[dyd{w&[dyd ===== ,ckypöKyÜefüvnf;yJ/ypö,mypö,mypö,mypö,mypö,m ap0ap0ap0ap0ap0 ===== taMumif;w&m;wdkYonfomvnf;aumif;/ ypö,orkyÜEéypö,orkyÜEéypö,orkyÜEéypö,orkyÜEéypö,orkyÜEé-"r®m p ="r®m p ="r®m p ="r®m p ="r®m p = taMumif;w&m;wdkYudk pGJrSDí jzpfay:vmaom tusKd;w&m;wdkYonfomvnf;aumif;/ oEÅd = oEÅd = oEÅd = oEÅd = oEÅd = &SdMuavukef\/

wawm =wawm =wawm =wawm =wawm = xdktaMumif;w&m; tusKd;w&m; tpktykHxuf/ O'¨H = O'¨H = O'¨H = O'¨H = O'¨H =tydktvGefjzpfaom/ oawåm 0g = oawåm 0g = oawåm 0g = oawåm 0g = oawåm 0g = owå0gonfvnf;aumif;/ yk*¾avm yk*¾avm yk*¾avm yk*¾avm yk*¾avm0g =0g =0g =0g =0g = yk*¾dKvfonfvnf;aumif;/ ew¬d =ew¬d =ew¬d =ew¬d =ew¬d = r&Sday/ ok'öcFg&ykaÍÆm {0 =ok'öcFg&ykaÍÆm {0 =ok'öcFg&ykaÍÆm {0 =ok'öcFg&ykaÍÆm {0 =ok'öcFg&ykaÍÆm {0 =taMumif;w&m; tusKd;w&m; tpktykHoufoufç ocFg&w&m; tpktyHkoufoufomvQif/ oEÅd = oEÅd = oEÅd = oEÅd = oEÅd = &Sday\/ £wd = £wd = £wd = £wd = £wd = þodkYvQif/ wDok t'¨gok wDok t'¨gok wDok t'¨gok wDok t'¨gok wDok t'¨gok===== twdwf tem*wf ypöKyÜef[k ac:qdktyfonfh umvoHk;yg;wdkYü/ ucø ucø ucø ucø ucø===== odkYavm odkYavm awG;awm,HkrSm;jcif; 0dpdudpämw&m;udk/ 0dw&wd = 0dw&wd = 0dw&wd = 0dw&wd = 0dw&wd =ausmfvTm;vGefajrmufí oGm;Edkifay\/ t,H ye =t,H ye =t,H ye =t,H ye =t,H ye = þÓPfonfum;/0dyóemocFg&ov’u©Pm =0dyóemocFg&ov’u©Pm =0dyóemocFg&ov’u©Pm =0dyóemocFg&ov’u©Pm =0dyóemocFg&ov’u©Pm = 0dyóemÓPf\ t½IcHtm½kH jzpfonfhocFg&w&m;wdkYudk aumif;pGm ydkif;ydkif;jcm;jcm; odwwfaom/ Ówy&dnmÓwy&dnmÓwy&dnmÓwy&dnmÓwy&dnmemr =emr =emr =emr =emr = Ówy&dnm rnf\/

twdwfMunfhvnf; taMumif;w&m;ESifh tusKd;w&m;yJ &Sdw,f? ypöKyÜefMunfhvnf; taMumif;w&m;ESifh tusKd;w&m;yJ &Sdw,f? tem*wfMunfhvnf; taMumif;w&m;ESifh tusKd;w&m;yJ &Sdw,f/ 'DvdktodÓPfrsKd;&&Sdatmif taMumif;w&m; tqufqufç tusKd;w&m; tqufqufudkjrifatmif vSrf;NyD;awmh qufNyD;½IzdkY vdkygw,f/ 'kwd,twdwf wwd,twdwf ponfjzifh qufNyD;½IzdkY vdkygw,f/ tem*wfrSmawmh qHk;onfh


wdkifatmif½IzdkY vdkygw,f/ bmjzpfvdkYvJ¿ --

[dk 0dyóemydkif; a&mufvmNyDqdkvQif bk&m;&Sifudk,fawmfwdkifu -]]t0dZÆmeda&m"m ½lyeda&ma"mç wPSmeda&m"m ½lyeda&ma"m ... =t0dZÆmcsKyfjcif;aMumifh ½kyfcsKyf\? wPSmcsKyfjcif;aMumifh ½kyfcsKyf\ ...}}ponfjzifh t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uH tp&SdwJh taMumif;w&m;awG vHk;vHk;csKyfoGm;wJhtcgrSm ½kyfawG emrfawG aemifwpfzefrjzpfaom csKyfjcif;jzifh csKyfNidrf;rIudk jrifatmif½IzdkY O',AÁ,ÓPfydkif;rSmbk&m;&Sifu ñTefMum;xm;ygw,f/

tJ'D ñTefMum;csuft& 'Dypö,y&d*¾[ÓPfydkif;rSmvnf; tem*wfudk vSrf;½IzdkY vdkaeygw,f? tem*wfqHk;onfhwdkifatmifawmh ½IzdkY vdkaew,f/

tEkyÜg'eda&m"

b,ftcgrS 'Dt0dZÆmç wPSmç Oyg'gefç ocFg&ç uHawGu ukefrvJvdkYar;vQifawmh aemifwpfcsdef t&[wår*fudk &wJhtcsdeftcgrSm ukefr,f/'Dawmh rdrdwdkYuvnf; t&[wår*fudk r&ao;bl;qdkvQifaygh? xdkt&[wår*f &rnfhtcsdefonf aemiftem*wfvdkY rajymoifhbl;vm;¿ ajymoifhaeNyD/

tJ'Dtem*wfumvrSm t0dZÆmç wPSmç Oyg'gefç ocFg&ç uH tp&SdwJhtaMumif;w&m;awG[m t&[wår*faMumifh aemifwpfzef rjzpfaomcsKyfjcif;jzifh csKyfNidrf;oGm;vdkY ½kyfawGemrfawG[mvnf; y&dedAÁmepkwdpdwf&JUaemufuG,fü aemifwpfzef rjzpfaom csKyfjcif;jzifh csKyfNidrf;yHkudkvnf;a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfonf jrifatmif vSrf;NyD; ½I&r,f/

'Dawmh acwfuawmh enf;enf;ajymwJh tcsufuav;awmh&Sdw,f/twdwfu r&Sdawmhbl; b,fvdkvkyf ½IrvJ¿ tem*wfu r&Sdao;bl;


rjzpfao;bl;? b,fvdkvkyf ½IrvJvdkY ajymMuw,f/ ÓPf&JU pGrf;tiftmEkabmfudk oabmraygufvdkY ajymwJhpum;yg/

tu,fí ½Ir&bl;qdkvQif bk&m;&Sifonf bmhaMumifh aMumif;usKd;quf y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;udk 0dyóem½IzdkY&ef ñTefMum;aerSmvJ¿½Ir&vQif ½IvdkYr&EdkifwJh w&m;awGudk om0uawGudk tyifyef;cHNyD;awmh0dyóem½IzdkY bk&m;&Sifonf bmaMumifha[mawmfrlrSmvJ¿ t"dyÜg,f&Sdw,f/

]] 'D aMumif;usKd;quf y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;udk y&dnmynmoHk;csufjzifh [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm ydkif;jcm;NyD; rodcJhvQif r*f-zdkvf-edAÁmefudkb,fvdkrS r&bl;}}vdkY r[med'geokwåefrSm ('D-2-47/) bk&m;&Sifudk,fawmfwdkifu twdtus a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/

t|uxmrsm;uvnf; ]]aMumif;usKd;quf y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;udk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm ÓPfwnf;[laom oefvsufjzifh razmufxGif;EdkifbJrazmufcGJEdkifbJ oHo&m0#fqif;&J'ku©rS ausmfvTm;vGefajrmufoGm;wJhyk*¾dKvfqdkwm tdyfrufxJawmifrS wpfa,mufrQ r&Sdzl;bl;}}vdkY - 'Dvdktwdtus zGifhqdkxm;ygw,f/ (0dok'd-2-221/ tbd-|-2-189/)

'gaMumifh oHo&m0#fqif;&J'ku© ukefqHk;&mjzpfwJh edAÁmefudk vdkvm;awmifhwaewJh olawmfaumif; rSefcJhvQifawmh 'DaMumif;usKd;quf y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;awGudk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm odatmif ½I&awmhr,f/

aMumif;usKd;quf y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;qdkwmu uH-uH\tusKd;udk y"mexm;NyD; oHo&mvnfywfykHudka&m oHo&mcsKyfNidrf;ykHudka&mñTefjyawmfrlwJh a'oemawmfyJ jzpfygw,f/

'gaMumifh a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfonf uH-uH\tusKd;udk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGmoda&;rSm twdwf tem*wfESifh a&SmifvTJvdkY b,fvdkrS rjzpfEdkifbl;/


twDaw a[wa0g yÍö? £'ged zvyÍöuH ...

pwJh usrf;*eftqdktrdefYawGESifh tnD - twdwfb0u jyKpkysKd;axmifcJhwJh t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uHawGaMumifh 'Db0rSm 0dnmPfemrf-½kyf oVm,we zó a0'emqdkwJh tusKd;w&m;awG vmjzpfMuw,f/ 'Db0rSm jyKpkysKd;axmifvdkufwJh t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg&uHawGaMumifh aemiftem*wfrSm 0dnmPf emrf-½kyf oVm,we zóa0'emawG jzpfMur,fvdkY odrSvnf; uH-uH&JUtusKd;udk odrSmjzpfygw,f/uH-uH&JUtusKd;udk ckvdkodrSvnf; y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;udk udk,fwdkifodrSmjzpfygw,f/

uJ 'Dvdk ½kyfawG emrfawGudk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm odNyDç twdwf tem*wfypöKyÜef umvoHk;yg;rSm ½kyfawG emrfawGudk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm odNyDçtaMumif;w&m; tusKd;w&m;awGudk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm odNyD qdkwJhtcgusawmhrS xdka,m*Dolawmfaumif;u bmvkyf&ovJ¿ taMumif;w&m;ESifhwuG 'D½kyfemrfawGudk vu©P-&o-ypöKy|mef-y'|mef enf;tm;jzifhvnf; vSnfhNyD; odrf;qnf;&ygao;w,f/

tJ'Dodrf;qnf;yHktydkif;awGudkvnf; q&morm;ESifhyJ csOf;uyfNyD;avhvmayawmh/ odrf;qnf;NyD;vQif bmvkyf&rvJ¿ --

tJ'D ½kyfw&m;awGç tJ'Demrfw&m;awG&JU jzpfNyD;ysufaewJhoabmudkÓPfESifhjrifatmifMunfhNyD; ]]tedpö}}vdkY wGifwGif½I&w,f? jzpfjcif; ysufjcif;jzifh tESdyfpufcHae&wJh oabmawGudk ÓPfESifh jrifatmifMunfhNyD;]]'ku©}}vdkY wGifwGif½I&w,f? rysufpD;bJ tusdwftcJ tcdkiftrm tESpfom&tm;jzifh wnfaewJh twår[kwfwJhoabmawGudk ÓPfESifh jrifatmifMunfhNyD;awmh ]]tewå}}vdkY wGifwGif½I&w,f/

tJ'Dvdk tedpövdkY 'ku©vdkY tewåvkdY wGifwGif½IaewJhtydkif;udkomvQif0dyóemvdkY ac:ygw,f/ tJ'D0dyóemÓPf &&Sda&;twGufu bk&m;


qdkvdkwJh ½kyfawG emrfawGudk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm odzdkY taMumif;w&m;tusKd;w&m;awGudk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm odxm;NyD;jzpfzdkYawmh vdkaew,f/

emr½lyy&dapä'ÓPfESifh ypö,y&d*¾[ÓPf ESpfyg; &&SdNyD;rSomvQifxdkolawmfaumif;&JU oEÅmefü 0dyóemÓPfqdkwm jzpfay:Edkifw,f/xdk 0dyóemÓPf &&Sda&;twGuf orm"dudk BudKwifNyD; xlaxmifjcif;jzpfygw,f/

0dyóemqkdwm bmvJ¿

tckajymcJhwJhpum;awGudk cdkifcHhoGm;atmif 0dyóemtaMumif;udkxyfNyD; &Sif;jyOD;r,f/

tedpöm'd0aoe 0d0da"[d tmuma&[d "ar® yówDwd 0dyóem?(tbd-|-1-175/)

emr½lyy&dapä'ÓPfjzifh odrf;qnf;xm;tyfwJh twdwfç tem*wfçypöKyÜefç tZöswåç A[d'¨ç ½kefY&if;Murf;wrf;wJh MoVm&duç odrfarGUEl;nHhwJhokckrç ,kwfnHhwJh [Deç rGefjrwfwJh yPDwç a0;wJh 'l&ç eD;wJh oEÅduvkdYac:qkdwJh wpfq,fhwpfrsKd;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh wnfaewJh cE¨mig;yg; = 'ku©opömw&m;ç

ypö,y&d*¾[ÓPfjzihf odrf;qnf;xm;tyfwJh ,if;'ku©opömw&m;\taMumif;&if;jzpfwJh t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uH qdkwJh ork',opömw&m; --

'D'ku©opömw&m;ESifh ork',opömw&m;awGudk tedpö 'ku© tewåpwJhtjcif;t&mtm;jzifh vu©Pm,mOfwifum ½IyGm;oHk;oyfaewJh ÓPfudk 0dyóem - vdkY ac:qdkygw,f/ 'Dawmh ]]0dyóemÓPfESifh ½I&rnfh0dyóemÓPf&JU t½IcHtm½kHw&m;awG[m 'ku©opömw&m;ESifh ork',opömw&m;awG jzpfMuw,f}} qkdwmukdawmh pGJpGJjrJjrJ rSwfom;xm;yg/bmjzpfvkdYvJ¿ orx 0dyóem bm0emawGukd yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfae


wmu opömav;yg;ukd xkd;xGif;odjrifa&;twGufç txl;ojzifh edAÁmefukdtqifhqifhaom t&d,r*fÓPf-zkdvfÓPfwkdYjzifh rsufarSmufjyKEkdifa&;twGufç oHo&m0#fqif;&J'ku© rD;ykHBuD; tNyD;wkdif tNidrf;BuD; Nidrf;&eftwGuf BudK;pm;tm;xkwfaejcif; jzpfygw,f/

yxraum#d*grokwåef

oHo&m0#fqif;&J'ku© ukefqkH;a&;twGuf opömav;yg;ukd xkd;xGif;odzkdY&ef ta&;BuD;ykHESifh qufpyfNyD; bk&m;&Sifa[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJhokwåefwpfckuawmh aum#d*grokwåef jzpfygw,f/ bk&m;&Sifu b,fvkda[mMum;xm;awmfrlovJ¿ --

pwkEéH bdu©a0 t&d,opömeH teEkaAm"m tyÜ#da0"m {0rd'H'DCr'¨geH oE¨m0dwH oHo&dwH rraÍö0 wkrSmuÍö/ (oH-3-377/)

bdu©a0bdu©a0bdu©a0bdu©a0bdu©a0 ===== &[ef;wkdY .../ pwkEéHpwkEéHpwkEéHpwkEéHpwkEéH t&d,opömeHt&d,opömeHt&d,opömeHt&d,opömeHt&d,opömeH ===== t&d,opömw&m;av;yg;wkdYukd/ teEkaAm"m = teEkaAm"m = teEkaAm"m = teEkaAm"m = teEkaAm"m = tEkaAm"ÓPfjzifh y#da0"ÓPftm;avsmfpGm xkd;xGif;í rodjcif;aMumifh/ tyÜ#da0"m = tyÜ#da0"m = tyÜ#da0"m = tyÜ#da0"m = tyÜ#da0"m = y#da0"ÓPfjzifhr*fqkduf zkdvfqkdufonfhwdkifatmif udk,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufrodjcif;aMumifh/ rraÍö0 = rraÍö0 = rraÍö0 = rraÍö0 = rraÍö0 = igbk&m;onfvnf;aumif;/ wkrSmuÍö = wkrSmuÍö = wkrSmuÍö = wkrSmuÍö = wkrSmuÍö =oifcspfom;wkdYonfvnf;aumif;/ {0H = {0H = {0H = {0H = {0H = þokdYuavmuf/ £'H 'DC £'H 'DC £'H 'DC £'H 'DC £'H 'DC-r'¨geHr'¨geHr'¨geHr'¨geHr'¨geH ===== þ&Snfvsm;vSpGmaom oHo&mc&D;umvywfvkH;/ oE¨m0dwHoE¨m0dwHoE¨m0dwHoE¨m0dwHoE¨m0dwH =====xkdb0rS þb0ç þb0rS xkdb0okdY wajymif;jyefjyef usifvnfusufpm;ajy;oGm;cJh&avNyD/ oHo&dwH = oHo&dwH = oHo&dwH = oHo&dwH = oHo&dwH = wpfckaomb0üvnf;yJ xyfumxyfumusifvnfusufpm; ajy;oGm;cJh&avNyD/

teEkaAm"mwd Ówy&dnm0aoe teEkAkZÑem/

tyÜ#da0"mwd wD&PyÜ[mey&dnm0aoe tyÜ#d0dZÑem/ ('D-|-2-85/)


'Dt|uxm&JU zGifhqkdcsuft& opömav;yg;ukd tEkaAm"ÓPf y#da0"ÓPfwdkYjzifhç wpfenf;ajym&vQifawmh Ówy&dnm wD&Py&dnmy[mey&dnmqkdwJh y&dnmÓPf (3)rsKd;wkdYjzifh ykdif;ykdif;jcm;jcm; rodjcif;aMumifh owå0gawG[m oHo&mc&D;rSm &SnfjrifhpGmaom tcsdeftcgumvywfvkH; wajymif;ajymif; wjyefjyef usifvnfusufpm;ajy;oGm;aecJh&jcif;jzpfw,fvkdY qkdvkdygw,f/

'Dawmh oHo&m0#fqif;&JrS vGwfajrmufcsifwJh a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf[m0dyóemykdif;rSmvnf; opömav;yg;ukd 0dyóemÓPfjzifh xkd;xGif;odatmif usifh&r,f/ t&d,r*fÓPfykdif;rSmvnf; t&d,opömav;yg;ukd xkd;xGif; odatmif usifh&r,f/ 0dyóemykdif;rSm 0dyóemÓPfjzifhxkd;xGif; od&wJh opömav;yg;u avmuD opömav;yg; jzpfygw,f/avmukwå&m t&d,r*fÓPfjzifh xkd;xGif;odwJh t&d,opömav;yg;xJu'ku©opömESifh ork',opömwkdYu avmuD 0¥opöm jzpfMuNyD; eda&m"opömESifh r*¾opömwkdYu avmukwå&m t&d,opömwkdY jzpfMuygw,f?0d0¥opömvkdYvnf; ac:ygw,f/

avmuDt&d,opömav;yg;

avmukwå&mjzpfwJh 0d0¥opöm (2)yg;ukd avmukwå&mjzpfwJh t&d,r*fÓPfjzifh xkd;xGif;odjrifa&;twGufç wpfenf;ajym&vQifawmh avmukwå&m t&d,r*fÓPfjzifh t&d,opömav;yg;ukd xkd;xGif;odjrifa&;twGuf bmvkyf&rvJ¿

bk&m;&Sifu - rlvyPÖmoygVdawmf r[ma*gygvu okwåefrSm --e 0Dxð Zmemwd (r-1-282-283/) - edAÁmefokdYoGm;&m r*¾ifvrf;ukd [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm rodvQif omoemawmfü t&d,r*fÓPf zkdvfÓPfukd &&Sdonhfwkdifatmif wkd;wufpnfum; BuD;yGm;jcif;iSm rxkdufwefaMumif;ukd


a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/

'DtcsufESifh ywfoufNyD; t|uxmuvnf; zGifhqkdxm;ygw,f/ 'Dt|uxm&JUtzGifhu w&m;bm0emukd yGm;rsm;aewJh olawmfaumif;wkdYtwGuf tvGefwefzkd;&SdwJh tzGifhwpfck jzpfaeygw,f/ t|uxmub,fvkdzGifhovJ¿ --

e 0Dxð ZmemwDwd aom a*gygvaum r*¾gr*¾H 0d, - ]]t,Havmuda,m t,H avmukwåa&m}}wd t&d,H t|*ØuH r*¾H ,xmblwHe yZmemwd? tZmeaEÅm avmud,ra*¾ tbded0dodwGm avmukwå&HedAÁawåwkH e oauúmwd/ (r-|-2-165/)

e 0Dxðe 0Dxðe 0Dxðe 0Dxðe 0Dxð ZmemwDwdZmemwDwdZmemwDwdZmemwDwdZmemwDwd ===== vrf;c&D;ukd rod[lonf/ aomaomaomaomaom a*gygvauma*gygvauma*gygvauma*gygvauma*gygvaum===== xkd EGm;taygif;ukd xdef;ausmif;aeonfh EGm;ausmif;om;onf/ r*¾gr*¾H r*¾gr*¾H r*¾gr*¾H r*¾gr*¾H r*¾gr*¾H===== EGm;wkdYoGm;oifhonfhvrf;-EGm;wkdYroGm;oifhonfhvrf;[k ac:qkdtyfwJhvrf;rSef-vrf;rSm;ukd/ e Zmemwd 0d, = e Zmemwd 0d, = e Zmemwd 0d, = e Zmemwd 0d, = e Zmemwd 0d, = rodouJhokdY/ bdu©K = bdu©K = bdu©K = bdu©K = bdu©K = a,m*g0p&&[ef;awmfonf/ t,H =t,H =t,H =t,H =t,H = þonfum;/ avmuda,m = avmuda,m = avmuda,m = avmuda,m = avmuda,m = avmud,r*¾ifvrf;wnf;/ t,H = t,H = t,H = t,H = t,H = þonfum;/ avmukwåa&m = avmukwåa&m = avmukwåa&m = avmukwåa&m = avmukwåa&m = avmukwå&mr*¾ifvrf;wnf;/ £wd = £wd = £wd = £wd = £wd = þokdYvQif/ t&d,H = t&d,H = t&d,H = t&d,H = t&d,H = jzLpifjrifhjrwfaom/t|*ØuH =t|*ØuH =t|*ØuH =t|*ØuH =t|*ØuH = t*Fg (8)yg;ESifh jynfhpkHaom/ r*¾H = r*¾H = r*¾H = r*¾H = r*¾H = r*¾ifvrf;ukd/ ,xmblwH ,xmblwH ,xmblwH ,xmblwH ,xmblwH===== [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm/ e yZmemwd = e yZmemwd = e yZmemwd = e yZmemwd = e yZmemwd = uGJuGJjym;jym; rod/ tZmeaEÅm = tZmeaEÅm = tZmeaEÅm = tZmeaEÅm = tZmeaEÅm =rodcJhonf&Sdaomf/ avmud,ra*¾ = avmud,ra*¾ = avmud,ra*¾ = avmud,ra*¾ = avmud,ra*¾ = avmud,r*¾if (8)yg; usifhpOfw&m;ü/ tbded0dodwGmtbded0dodwGmtbded0dodwGmtbded0dodwGmtbded0dodwGm ===== ESvHk;oGif;½IyGm;í/ avmukwå&Havmukwå&Havmukwå&Havmukwå&Havmukwå&H ===== avmukwå&mr*¾ifudk/ edAÁawåwHk = edAÁawåwHk = edAÁawåwHk = edAÁawåwHk = edAÁawåwHk = jzpfapthHaomiSm/ e oauúmwd = e oauúmwd = e oauúmwd = e oauúmwd = e oauúmwd = rpGrf;Ekdif/

(r-|-2-165/)

EGm;taygif;udk xdef;ausmif;aewJh EGm;ausmif;om;[m EGm;awG oGm;oifhwJhvrf; roGm;oifhwJhvrf;qdkwJh vrf;rSefvrf;rSm;udk rodovdkyJ -a,m*g0p& &[ef;awmf[mvnf; - ]]'gu avmuDr*¾ifvrf; jzpfw,f?


'gu avmukwå&mr*¾ifvrf; jzpfw,f}}vdkY uGJuGJjym;jym; rodcJhbl;qdkvQif'Dvdk rodwJhtwGuf avmuDr*¾ifvrf;udk ESvHk;oGif;yGm;rsm;vsuf avmuk-wå&mvrf;udk jzpfapzdkY&ef b,fvdkrS rpGrf;Ekdifbl;vdkY 'DvdkzGifhqdkxm;w,f/

'gaMumifh a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf[m avmuDr*¾ifvrf;ESifh avmukwå&mr*¾ifvrf;udk cGJjcm;wwfzdkYç cGJjcm;odNyD;wJhtcgrSmvnf; avmuDr*¾ifvrf;udka&S;OD;pGm odatmif usifhzdkY vdktyfygw,f/ OD;wnfcsufu avmukwå&mr*¾ifudk jzpfay:vmapvdkwJh OD;wnfcsufjzpfygw,f/

avmuDr*¾if (8) yg; = avmuDr*¾opöm

avmuDr*¾ifvnf; (8)yg;ç avmukwå&mr*¾ifvnf; (8)yg;qdkNyD; toD;toD; (8)yg;pD &SdMuygw,f/ a,m*g0p& &[ef;awmf[m a&S;OD;pGm --

1/ or®m0gpm = rSefaompum;udk ajymqdkjcif;

2/ or®mur®EÅ = rSefuefaom um,uHrIudk jyKusifhjcif;

3/ or®mtmZD0 = rSefuefaom toufarG;rI &Sdjcif; --

qdkwJh oDvr*¾if (3)yg;udk w&m;rxdkifrD BudKwifNyD; aqmufwnfumjzLpifatmif jznfhusifh&ygw,f/

1/ or®m0gpm qdkwmuawmh --

(u) rkom0g' = rkom;pum; ajymMum;jcif;

( c ) ydokP0gpm = ukef;wdkufpum; ajymMum;jcif;

( * ) z½ko0gpm = Murf;wrf;wJhpum; ajymMum;jcif;

(C) oræyÜvmyg = Nydefzsif;wJhpum; ajymMum;jcif; --

qdkwJh 0pD'kp½kdufav;yg;rS a&SmifMuOfNyD; rSefuefwJh 'ge-oDv-orx-0dyóem tpjzmwJh ukokdvfa&;ESifh qufpyfaewJh pum;awGudkomajymMum;jcif;udk qdkvdkygw,f/


2/ or®mur®EÅ qdkwmuawmh --

(u) ygPmwdygw = olUtoufudk owfjcif;( c ) t'dEém'ge = olUypönf;udk rw&m;,ljcif;( * ) umarokrdpämpm& = umrwdkYü rSm;,Gif;azmufjyef rrSefruef

jyKusifhjcif; --qdkwJh um,'kp½kdufoHk;yg;rS a&SmifMuOfNyD; 0wfBuD;0wfi,f jznfhusifh

jcif; orx 0dyóem yGm;rsm;jcif; pwJh pifMu,fwJh um,uHrIawGudkjznfhusifhjcif;udk qdkvdkygw,f/

3/ or®mtmZD0 qdkwmuawmh --

rdpämtmZD0vkdY ac:qdkwJh rSm;,Gif;wJh toufarG;0rf;aMumif; vkyfief;&yf trsKd;rsKd;awGudk a&SmifMuOfvsuf - &[ef;jzpfvQif qGrf;cHusifh0wfudkjznhfusifhjcif; ponfjzifh &&SdwJhypönf;av;yg;udkç vla,m*DjzpfvQifvnf;rSefuefwJh ukefoG,fjcif; v,fvkyfjcif;pwJh rSefuefwJh toufarG;0rf;aMumif;vkyfief;&yfawGudk jyKusifhvdkY &&SdwJh ypönf;udk oHk;pGJr,fqdkvQifor®mtmZD0 jzpfygw,f/

'DavmufESifhawmh em;vnfcsifrSem;vnfr,f/ enf;enf;awmh xyfajymOD;r,f/ &[ef;jzpfvQifvnf; opfoD;ay;jcif; yef;ay;jcif; aq;ukjcif;aA'ifa[mjcif; pwJh 'g,um 'g,dumrwdkY&JU ppfrSefwJh o'¨gw&m;udkysufjym;apwwfwJh ukv'lou taeoerIawGaMumifh &&SdwJh ypönf;udkroHk;pGJbJ qGrf;cHusifh0wfjzihf &&Sdjcif; pwJh w&m;aom enf;vrf;jzifh&&dSwJh ypönf;av;yg;udk oHk;pGJjcif;udk or®mtmZD0vdkY ac:ygw,f/

vla,m*D jzpfvQifvnf; ckajymcJhwJh 0pD'kp½kduf (4)yg; um,'kp½kduf(3)yg;aMumifh &&dSwJhypönf;awGudk roHk;pGJbJ ukefoG,fjcif; v,fvkyfjcif;pwJh rSefuefwJh vkyfief;&yfawGESifh &SmazGvdkY&&SdwJh ypönf;udk oHk;pGJcJhvQifor®mtmZD0vdkY ac:ygw,f/


'gaMumifh a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfawG[m rkom;ajymvdkY&&SdwJhypönf;ç ukef;pum;ajymvdkY&&SdwJhypönf;ç Murf;wrf;wJhpum;awGajymvdkY &&SdwJhypönf;ç Nydefzsif;wJhpum;awGudkajymvdkY &&SdwJhypönf;awGudk roHk;pGJrdzdkY owdjyK&r,f/ olUtoufudkowfvdkY&&SdwJhypönf;ç t'dEém'geuHawGaMumifh rw&m;&wJhypönf;ç w&m;Oya't& wm;jrpfxm;wJh vmbfay;vmbf,lpepfawGaMumifh &&SdwJhypönf;ç umarokrdpämpm&trIawGaMumifh &&SdwJhypönf;awGudk roHk;pGJrdzdkYvnf; owdjyK&r,f/ aemufxyf rdpämtmZD0ESifhywfoufvdkYjrwfpGmbk&m; a[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJh ukefoG,frI ig;rsKd; qdkwmvnf;&Sdao;w,f/ t*FkwådK&fygVdawmf yÍöuedygwfrSm 0PdZÆmokwåef - qdkwJhokwåefwpfck &Sdygw,f? tJ'DokwåefrSm jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifu &wemoHk;yg;udk udk;uG,fqnf;uyfaewJh OygoumawG a&SmifMuOf&rnhf ukefoG,frIig;rsKd;udk a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/ --

ukefoG,frI ig;rsKd;

yÍödrm bdu©a0 0PdZÆm Oygoaue tu&PD,m/ uwrm yÍö¿ow¬0PdZÆm owå0PdZÆm rHo0PdZÆm rZÆ0PdZÆm 0do0PdZÆm/ £rmacg bdu©a0 yÍö 0PdZÆm Oygoaue tu&PD,m/ (tH-2-183/)

bdu©a0bdu©a0bdu©a0bdu©a0bdu©a0 ===== &[ef;wkdY .../ OygoaueOygoaueOygoaueOygoaueOygoaue ===== &wemokH;yg;ukd ukd;uG,fqnf;uyfjcif;okdYa&mufaom Oygoum 'g,um 'g,dumronf/ yÍö yÍö yÍö yÍö yÍö===== ig;yg;ukefaom/ £rm 0PdZÆm = £rm 0PdZÆm = £rm 0PdZÆm = £rm 0PdZÆm = £rm 0PdZÆm = þukefoG,fjcif;wkdYukd/ tu&PD,m tu&PD,m tu&PD,m tu&PD,m tu&PD,m===== rjyKoifh rjyKxkduf rjyKtyfay/ uwrm yÍö = uwrm yÍö = uwrm yÍö = uwrm yÍö = uwrm yÍö = tb,fig;rsKd;wkdYenf;[lrlum;/ --

1/ ow¬0PdZÆmow¬0PdZÆmow¬0PdZÆmow¬0PdZÆmow¬0PdZÆm = vufeufukd ukefoG,fjcif;vnf;aumif;/

2/ owå0PdZÆmowå0PdZÆmowå0PdZÆmowå0PdZÆmowå0PdZÆm = vlukd ukefoG,fjcif;vnf;aumif;/

3/ rHo0PdZÆmrHo0PdZÆmrHo0PdZÆmrHo0PdZÆmrHo0PdZÆm = tom;ukd ukefoG,fjcif;vnf;aumif;/


'Dtom;ukd ukefoG,fjcif;ESifh ywfoufvkdY t|uxmu --

rHo0PdZÆmwd olu&rd*g'a,m aygaowGm awoH 0duúa,m/ (tH-|-3-62/)

0ufawG om;aumifawG pwJh wd&pämefawGukd arG;jrLa&;vkyfief;jyKvkyfNyD;awmh 'Dom;aumifawGukd a&mif;csukefoG,fjcif;ukd qkdvkdw,fqkdNyD;awmh &Sif;vif;wifjyxm;ygw,f/ aemufukefoG,fjcif;awGuawmh

4/ rZÆ0PdZÆmrZÆ0PdZÆmrZÆ0PdZÆmrZÆ0PdZÆmrZÆ0PdZÆm = rl;,pfaq;0g;ukd ukefoG,fjcif;vnf;aumif;/

5/ 0do0PdZÆm0do0PdZÆm0do0PdZÆm0do0PdZÆm0do0PdZÆm = tqdyfukd ukefoG,fjcif;vnf;aumif;wnf;/

bdu©a0 =bdu©a0 =bdu©a0 =bdu©a0 =bdu©a0 = &[ef;wkdY .../ Oygoaue =Oygoaue =Oygoaue =Oygoaue =Oygoaue = &wemoHk;yg;udk udk;uG,fqnf;uyfjcif;odkYa&mufaom Oygoum 'g,um 'g,dumronf/ £rm £rm £rm £rm £rmyÍö 0PdZÆm =yÍö 0PdZÆm =yÍö 0PdZÆm =yÍö 0PdZÆm =yÍö 0PdZÆm = þukefoG,frI ig;rsKd;wdkYudk/ tu&PD,m = tu&PD,m = tu&PD,m = tu&PD,m = tu&PD,m = rjyKoifhrjyKxdkuf rjyKtyfay/

vufeufudk ukefoG,fjcif;ç vludk ukefoG,fjcif;ç arG;jrLa&;vkyfNyD;om;aumifawGudk ukefoG,fjcif;ç rl;,pfaq;0g;udk ukefoG,fjcif;ç tqdyfudk ukefoG,fjcif;qdkNyD; ukefoG,frI ig;rsKd;&Sdygw,f/ 'DukefoG,frIig;rsKd;udk&wemoHk;yg;udk udk;uG,fqnf;uyfaewJh olawmfaumif;[m --

£wd oAÁrÜd £rH 0PdZÆH ae0 twåem umwHk? e ya& orm'aywGmuma&wHk 0¥wd/ (tH-|-3-62/)

rdrdudk,fwdkifvnf; rjyKvkyfaumif;bl;? om;r,m;pwJh olwpfyg;wdkYudkvnf; rjyKvkyfap&ygbl;/ tu,fí xdkukefoG,frI ig;rsKd;wdkYjzifh &&SdwJhypönf;udk oHk;pJGcJhvQifvnf; rdpämtmZD0jzpfygw,f/ 'Dvdk&&SdwJh ypönf;rsKd;udkroHk;pJGbJ rSefuefwJh ukefoG,frI v,fvkyfrIpwJh vkyfief;&yfawGaMumifh&&SdwJhypönf;udk oHk;pJGcJhvQif or®mtmZD0 jzpfygw,f/


a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf[m 'DoDvr*¾if oHk;yg;udk jzLpifatmif jznfhusifhNyD;wJhtcgrSm --

1/ or®m0g,mr = rSefuefpGm tm;xkwfjcif;

2/ or®mowd = rSefuefpGm trSwf&jcif;

3/ or®morm"d = rSefuefpGm pdwfwnfMunfjcif; --

qdkwJh orm"dr*¾ifoHk;yg;udk qufvufNyD; xlaxmif&ygw,f/ umrm0p&orm"dç ½lyg0p&orm"dç t½lyg0p&orm"dqdkwJh orm"doHk;rsKd;xJuorm"dwpfrsKd;udkjzpfap ESpfrsKd;udkjzpfap oHk;rsKd;vHk;udkjzpfap &&Sdatmifxlaxmif&ygw,f/

'D oDvr*¾ifoHk;yg; orm"dr*¾ifoHk;yg;ESifh jynfhpHkaewJh a,m*Dolawmfaumif;u ynmr*¾ifESpfyg;ESifh jynfhpHkatmif wpfqifhwufNyD; BudK;pm;&w,f/ ynmr*¾ifESpfyg;u bmawGvJ¿ --

1/ or®m'd|d = rSefuefpGm odjrifjcif;

2/ or®mouFyÜ = rSefuefpGm MuHpnfjcif; --

qdkNyD; ynmr*¾if (2)yg; &Sdygw,f/

bmudk or®m'd|dvdkY ac:qdkovJ¿ jrwfpGmbk&m;u r[mowdy|meokwåefrSm or®m'd|dudk (4)rsKd; cJGjcm;NyD; a[mMum;xm;awmfrlcJhygw,f/

uwrm p bdu©a0 or®m'd|d/ ,H acg bdu©a0 'kau© ÓPH? 'ku©-ork'a, ÓPH? 'ku©eda&ma" ÓPH? 'ku©eda&m"*grded,m y#dy'g,ÓPH/ t,H 0kpöwd bdu©a0 or®m'd|d/ (r-1-88/)

'Da'oemawmft& --

1/ 'ku©opömü odaomÓPfonf or®m'd|d?

2/ ork',opömü odaomÓPfonf or®m'd|d?


3/ eda&m"opömü odaomÓPfonf or®m'd|d?

4/ eda&m"opömodkY a&mufaMumif;usifhpOfjzpfwJh r*¾opömü odaomÓPfonf or®m'd|d --

'Dvdk or®m'd|dudk av;rsKd;cJGjcm;NyD; a[mMum;xm;awmfrlcJhygw,f/[dk y#dorÇd'gÓPfydkif;wkef;u 'Dopömav;yg;udk &Sif;jycJhNyD;ygNyD/ avmuDor®m'd|dÓPfjzifh xdk;xGif;od&rnfh avmuDopömav;yg;udk a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu a&S;OD;pGm odatmif BudK;pm;&rSm jzpfygw,f/

or®m'd|du opömav;yg;tm½kHudkxdk;xGif;odvQif or®mouFyÜu xdkopömav;yg;tm½kHay:odkY pdwfudk a&S;½SLwifay;jcif;oabm jzpfygw,f/

0dyóemydkif; r*¾if (8) yg;

'gaMumifh 0dyóemydkif; a&mufvmwJhtcg r*¾if (8)yg; jzpfay:vmyHkudk tusOf;csKyfNyD; xyfajym&OD;r,f/

1/ avmuDopömav;yg;udk xdk;xGif;odjcif;oabmu or®m'd|d?

2/ tJ'D opömav;yg;tm½kHay:odkY pdwfudk a&S;½Iwifay;jcif;oabmuor®mouFyÜ?

3/ opömav;yg;tm½kHudk odatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfjcif; oabmuor®m0g,mr?

4/ opömav;yg;tm½Hkudk atmufarhjcif; trSwf&aejcif; oabmuor®mowd?

5/ opömav;yg;tm½kHü pdwfwnfNidrfaejcif;oabmu or®morm"djzpfygw,f/

BudKwifNyD; jzLpifatmif aqmufwnf usifhoHk;xm;wJh oDvr*¾if(3)yg;ESifh aygif;vdkufvQif avmuDr*¾ifw&m;udk,f (8)yg; jzpfygw,f/


'DavmuDr*¾if (8)yg;udk avmukwå&mr*¾if (8)yg; jzpfay:vma&;twGufyGm;rsm;&rSm jzpfygw,f/

opömav;yg; xif&Sm;vmyHk

0dyóemydkif;rSm opömav;yg;u b,ftcgrSm xif&Sm;vmygovJvdkYar;p&m&Sdw,f/

waó0H ypö,awm ap0 cPawm p a'G"m O',AÁ,H yóawmopö-y#dpöorkyÜg'-e,-vu©Pab'g ygu#m a[mEÅd/ (0dok'd-2-267/)

{0H ={0H ={0H ={0H ={0H = þodkYvQif/ ypö,awm ap0 = ypö,awm ap0 = ypö,awm ap0 = ypö,awm ap0 = ypö,awm ap0 = taMumif;w&m;tm;jzifhvnf;aumif;/ cPawm p = cPawm p = cPawm p = cPawm p = cPawm p = cPtm;jzifh vnf;aumif;/ a'G"m = a'G"m = a'G"m = a'G"m = a'G"m =ESpfrsKd;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh/ O',AÁ,H = O',AÁ,H = O',AÁ,H = O',AÁ,H = O',AÁ,H = 'ku©opömw&m; ork',opömw&m;[lonfh ocFg&w&m;wdkY\ jzpfjcif;ysufjcif; (= O',-0,)udk/yóawm =yóawm =yóawm =yóawm =yóawm = ½Ijrifíaeaom/ wó =wó =wó =wó =wó = xdka,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf\ todÓPfü/ opö opö opö opö opö-y#dpöorkyÜg'y#dpöorkyÜg'y#dpöorkyÜg'y#dpöorkyÜg'y#dpöorkyÜg'-e,e,e,e,e,-vu©Pab'g =vu©Pab'g =vu©Pab'g =vu©Pab'g =vu©Pab'g =

1/ avmuDopömav;yg;2/ y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;3/ enf;av;yg;4/ vu©Pmig;yg;[laom tjym;wdkYonf/

ygu#m =ygu#m =ygu#m =ygu#m =ygu#m = xif&Sm;ukefonf/ a[mEÅd = a[mEÅd = a[mEÅd = a[mEÅd = a[mEÅd = jzpfukef\/ (0dok'd-2-267/)

0dyóemykdif;rSm 'ku©opöm ork',opöm trnf&wJh ocFg&w&m;awGukd vu©Pm,mOfokH;wef wpfvSnfhpDwifNyD; enf;trsKd;rsKd;wkdYjzifh0dyóem½Ivm&m O',AÁ,ÓPfydkif; a&mufNyDqkdMupkdY/ a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu'DocFg&w&m;awG&JU jzpfrIysufrIukd uGufuGufuGif;uGif; &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif;ESifh cPypöKyÜefokdY qkdufatmif ÓPftjrifoefY&Sif;atmif BudK;pm;tm;


xkwf&ygw,f/ tJ'Dvkd BudK;pm;tm;xkwfwJhae&mrSm O',AÁ,u ESpfrsKd;&Sdygw,f/

1/ ypö,awm O',AÁ, = taMumif;w&m;tm;jzifh jzpfysufukd ½Ijcif;

2/ cPawm O',AÁ, = cPtm;jzifh jzpfysufukd ½Ijcif; --

qkdNyD; O',AÁ, ESpfrsKd;&Sdygw,f/

1/ ypö,awm O',AÁ, = taMumif;w&m;tm;jzifh jzpfysufukd ½Ijcif;qkdwmukdvnf; tjzpfwpfrsKd; tysufwpfrsKd; qkdNyD; ESpfrsKd;cGJNyD; ½I&ygw,f/

(u) ypö,awm O', = taMumif;w&m;tm;jzifh tjzpfukd½Ijcif;

( c ) ypö,awm 0, = taMumif;w&m;tm;jzifh tysufukd ½Ijcif;okdYr[kwf tcsKyfukd ½Ijcif; --

qkdNyD; ESpfrsKd;cGJNyD; ½I&ygw,f/tvm;wlyJ ..

2/ cPawm O',AÁ,ukdvnf; --

(u) cPawm O', = cPtm;jzifh tjzpfukd ½Ijcif;

( c ) cPawm 0, = cPtm;jzifh tysufukd ½Ijcif; --

qkdNyD; ESpfrsKd;yJ cGJ½I&ygw,f/ b,fvkd ½I&rvJ¿ cE¨mig;yg;xJu½lyu©E¨mukdyJ ykHpHxkwfjyMupdkY .../

½lyu©E¨mü O',udk tus,f½IyGm;enf;

y#dorÇd'gr*¾ygVdawmfBuD;u 'D½IuGufukd b,fvkd ñTefMum;ay;xm;ovJ¿

1/ ]]t0dZÆmork',m ½lyork'a,m}}wd ypö,ork',a|e ½lyu©EóO',H yówd/

2/ ]]wPSmork',m/ y /


3/ ]]ur®ork',m/ y /

4/ ]]tm[m&ork',m ½lyork'a,m}}wd ypö,ork',a|e ½ly-u©E¨ó O',H yówd/

5/ edAÁwådvu©PH yóaEÅmyd ½lyu©E¨ó O',H yówd/

½lyu©E¨ó O',H yóaEÅm £rmed yÍö vu©Pmed yówd/(y#doH-53/)

'DygVdawmf&JU qdkvkd&if;udk #Dumq&mawmfrsm;u &Sif;vif;wifjyxm;wmu ½lyu©Emudk jzpfay:apwwfwJh twdwftaMumif;w&m;ig;yg;xJu t0dZÆmESifhwPSmudk wdkuf½kdufxkwfaqmif a[mMum;awmfrlvdkufwJhtwGuf 'Dt0dZÆm-wPSmwdkYESifh udavo0#fcsif; wlnDaewJh Oyg'gefudkvnf; xnfhoGif;,l&ygw,f/ ur®udk wdkuf½dkufxkwfaqmif a[mMum;awmfrlvdkufwJhtwGuf ur®ESifh ur®0#fcsif; wlnDaewJh ocFg&udkvnf;xnfhoGif;,l&ygw,f/ aygif;vdkufawmh - ½lyu©Emudk txl;ojzifh ur®Z½kyfawGudk jzpfapwwfwJh taMumif;w&m;awG[m - t0dZÆmç wPSmçOyg'gefç ocFg&ç uHqdkNyD; ig;yg; &Sdygw,f/

1/ t0dZÆm-qdkwmu a,mufsm; rdef;r yk*¾dKvf owå0g ponfjzifh todrSm;rIoabm jzpfygw,f/ vlom;wdkY&JU cE¨mtdrfudk y&rw¬opöme,fbufuaeNyD; ynmrsufpdESifh vSrf;ajrmfMunfhvdkufvQif ½kyfw&m;tpktyHk emrfw&m;tpktyHkom &Sdw,f? taMumif;w&m;tpktyHktusKd;w&m;tpktyHkom &Sdw,f/ 'Dxuf tydktvGefjzpfwJh a,mufsm;rdef;r yk*¾dKvf owå0gqdkwm r&Sdygbl;/ 'D½kyfw&m; emrfw&m;awG[mvnf; jzpfNyD;ysufaewJh tedpöw&m;tpktyHk 'ku©w&m;tpktyHktewåw&m;tpktyHkawGom jzpfw,f/ olyJ igyJ a,mufsm;yJ rdef;ryJponfjzifh ac:a0:ajymqdkEdkifavmufatmif tcsdefMumMum &yfwnfaerI r&Sdygbl;/ taMumif;w&m;awGu rukefao;orQumvywfvHk;çtaMumif;w&m;awG&JU aus;Zl;jyKay;rI &SdaeorQumvywfvHk; 'DvdkyJ


jzpf-ysuf ½kyfemrftpOftwef; taetm;jzifh qufvuf jzpfay:aeatmif taMumif;w&m;awGu qufvufaus;Zl;jyKay;aerSmyJ jzpfygw,f/ 'Dvdk jzpfysufaewJh ½kyfemrftpOftwef; tpktyHkudk ½kyfemrftpktyHkvdkY rjrifbJç tedpöw&m;tpktyHk 'ku©w&m;tpktyHk tewåw&m;tpktyHkvdkY rjrifbJ rodbJ - a,mufsm; rdef;r yk*¾dKvf owå0gponfjzifh jrifae odaecJhvQif 'DtodrsKd;udk todrSm;rI t0dZÆmvdkYac:ygw,f/ pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;&JU tavmif;tvsmtrsKd;aumif;om;taeESifh tqif;ig;rsKd;&SdwJh yef;rdk;BuD; &GmoGef;EdkifwJhtrsKd;om;b0vdkY todrSm;aewJh yHkpHrsKd; jzpfygw,f/

2/ wPSm-qdkwmuawmh tJ'Da,mufsm;b0 odkYr[kwf rdef;rb0udkwG,fwmwyfrufjcif;oabm jzpfygw,f/ pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umtavmif;taeESifh arG;zGm;wJhtcg tqif;ig;rsKd; &SdwJhyef;rdk;BuD; &GmoGef;csEdkifwJhç b0wpfavQmufrSmvnf; vufaqmifyPÖm axmifaygif;rsm;pGm qdkufa&mufvmEdkifwJh trsKd;om;b0udkwG,fwmrufarmwJh yHkpHrsKd; jzpfygw,f/

3/ Oyg'gef-qdkwmuawmh tJ'Dvdk a,mufsm;b0 odkYr[kwf rdef;rb0awGudk pdwfuyfa&muf pJGvrf;aewJhoabm jzpfygw,f/

4/ ocFg&-qdkwmuawmh xdkxdk vdkvm;awmifhwaewJh b0rsKd;awGudkwpfenf;ajym&vQifawmh cEmig;yg;udk jzpfay:vmatmif jyKjyifay;aewJh ukodkvfapwem odkYr[kwf tukodkvfapwem OD;aqmifaewJhemrfw&m;tkyfpk jzpfygw,f/ pdwåol<u,fausmif;'g,umtavmif;u awmxJrSm vdkPf*lwpfcktwGif; ausmufzsmxuf0,f w&m;bm0emü arGUavsmf aysmfydkuf ESpfNcdKufaewJh &[ef;awmfwpfyg;tm;t&om&SdNyD; rGefjrwfwJh qGrf;awGESifh yef;awGudk vSL'gef;ylaZmfcJhwJhukodkvfapwem OD;aqmifwJh emrfw&m;tkyfpkrsKd; jzpfygw,f/


5/ uH-qdkwmuawmh tJ'D ukodkvfocFg& odkYr[kwf tukodkvfocFg&w&m;pkawG[m y&rwfw&m;wdkY&JU xHk;wrf;pOfvm "r®wmtwdkif;csKyfysufoGm;wJhtcg ½kyfemrftpOfrSm jr§KyfESHxm;cJhwJhç tJ'D ukodkvfocFg& odkYr[kwf tukodkvfocFg&wdkY&JU aemifwpfcsdef rdrdwkdY arQmfvifhawmifhwxm;wJh b0qdkwJh cE¨mig;yg;udk jzpfapEdkifwJh pGrf;tifur®owåd jzpfygw,f/

aygif;vdkufawmh t0dZÆmç wPSmç Oyg'gefç ocFg&ç uHqdkNyD; vuf&Sdur®Z½kyfawGudk jzpfapwwfwJh twdwftaMumif;w&m;ig;yg; jzpfygw,f/

½kyfw&m;awGudk jzpfapwwfwJh ypöKyÜeftaMumif;w&m;awGxJrSmtm[m&qdkwJh tm;aumif;wJh y"metaMumif;w&m;udk wdkuf½dkufxkwfaqmif a[mMum;awmfrlvdkufojzifh ½kyfw&m;wdkYudk jzpfapwwfwJh y0wådtaMumif;w&m; (=ypöKyÜeftaMumif;w&m;)csif;wlnDaewJh ty"mejzpfwJhpdwfESifhOwkwdkYudkvnf; xnfhoGif;í,l&ygw,f/ (r[m#D-2-421-Munfhyg/)

'gaMumifh ½kyfw&m;wdkY&JU ypöKyÜeftaMumif;w&m;awGu pdwf-Owk-tm[m& - qdkNyD; (3)rsKd; jzpfoGm;ygw,f/ ckajymcJhwJh qdkif&mqdkif&mtaMumif;w&m;awGaMumifh qdkif&mqdkif&m tusKd;½kyfw&m;awG jzpfyHkudkÓPfESifh jrifatmifMunfhNyD;awmh --

1/ t0dZÆmjzpfjcif;aMumifh (ur®Z½kyf) ½lyu©E¨m jzpf\/

2/ wPSmjzpfjcif;aMumifh (ur®Z½kyf) ½lyu©E¨m jzpf\/

3/ Oyg'gefjzpfjcif;aMumifh (ur®Z½kyf) ½lyu©E¨m jzpf\/

4/ ocFg&jzpfjcif;aMumifh (ur®Z½kyf) ½lyu©E¨m jzpf\/

5/ uHjzpfjcif;aMumifh (ur®Z½kyf) ½lyu©E¨m jzpf\/

Ä (ur®Z½kyf) ½lyu©E¨m\ jzpfjcif;oabm/


6/ pdwfjzpfjcif;aMumifh (pdwåZ½kyf) ½lyu©E¨m jzpf\/

Ä (pdwåZ½kyf) ½lyu©E¨m\ jzpfjcif;oabm/

7/ Owkjzpfjcif;aMumifh (OwkZ½kyf) ½lyu©E¨m jzpf\/

Ä (OwkZ½kyf) ½lyu©E¨m\ jzpfjcif;oabm/

8/ tm[m&jzpfjcif;aMumifh (tm[m&Z½kyf) ½lyu©E¨m jzpf\/

Ä (tm[m&Z½kyf) ½lyu©E¨m\ jzpfjcif;oabm/ --

'Dvdk ½I&ygw,f/ tJ'Dvdk½IwJhtydkif;rSm - t0dZÆmç wPSmç Oyg'gefçocFg&ç uHwdkYaMumifh ur®Z½kyfjzpfyHkç pdwfaMumifh pdwåZ½kyfjzpfyHkç OwkaMumifhOwkZ½kyfjzpfyHkç tm[m&aMumifh tm[m&Z½kyf jzpfyHkwdkYudk ½IwJhtydkif;udkawmh -- ]]ypö,awm O','óe = taMumif;w&m;tm;jzifh tjzpf(= O',) udk jrifatmif½Ijcif;}} - vkdY ac:qdkygw,f/

wpfzef ur®Z½kyf\ jzpfjcif; O',oabmç pdwåZ½kyf\ jzpfjcif;O',oabmç OwkZ½kyf\ jzpfjcif; O',oabmç tm[m&Z½kyf\jzpfjcif; O',oabmudk jrifatmif ½IwJhtykdif;ukdawmh -- ]]cPawmO','óe = cPtm;jzifh tjzpfukd jrifatmif ½Ijcif;}}vkdY ac:qkdygw,f? jzpfjcif; = edAÁwådvu©Pmudk ½Ijcif; jzpfygw,f/

aemufwpfckuawmh .. 0,-½Ienf; jzpfygw,f/ 0,-½IuGufukdy#dorÇd'gr*¾ygVdawmfBuD;rSm b,fvkda[mxm;ovJ¿ em;axmifMunfhyg/

½lyu©E¨mü 0,ukd tus,f½IyGm;enf;

1/ ]]t0dZÆmeda&m"m ½lyeda&ma"m}}wd ypö,eda&m"a|e ½lyu©E¨ó0,H yówd/

2/ ]]wPSmeda&m"m/ y /

3/ ]]ur®eda&m"m/ y /


4/ ]]tm[m&eda&m"m ½lyeda&ma"m}}wd ypö,eda&m"a|e ½lyu©E¨ó0,H yówd/

5/ 0dy&dPmrvu©PH yóaEÅmyd ½lyu©E¨ó 0,H yówd/

½lyu©E¨ó 0,H yóaEÅmyd £rmed yÍö vu©Pmed yówd/(y#doH-53/)

'DygVdawmfuawmh y#dorÇd'gr*¾ygVdawmfBuD;rSm vm&SdwJh pum;&yfrsm;jzpfMuygw,f/ 'Dae&mrSm 0, = tw¬*Fr = eda&m"-qkdwJh pum;vkH;awG[m ysufjcif;ESifh csKyfjcif;ukdyJ &nfñTef;xm;wJh y&d,m,fwl pum;vkH;rsm; jzpfMuygw,f/ 'Dae&mrSm eda&m"u OyÜg'eda&m"ESifh tEkyÜg'eda&m"qkdNyD; eda&m"ESpfrsKd; &Sdygw,f/

1/ OyÜg'eda&m"-qdkwmuawmh aemifwpfzef jzpfcGifh&SdwJh csKyfenf;vdkYqdkvdkygw,f/ ocFwy&rwfw&m;awG[m ocFwy&rwfw&m;wdkY&JUxHk;wrf;pOfvmtwdkif; jzpfNyD;u csufcsif;yJ ysufoGm;Muw,f csKyfoGm;Muw,f/ 'Dvdk Oyg'f-XD-bifqdkwJh oufwrf;aphvdkY csKyfysufoGm;wJhtcg 'D½kyfawG emrfawGudk tqufrjywf jzpfay:aeatmifaus;Zl;jyKay;aewJh taMumif;w&m;awGu rukefao;vdkY qufvufaus;Zl;jyKay;aeOD;r,fqdkvQif 'Djzpfysuf½kyfemrftpOftwef;awG[mqufvufNyD; jzpfaeOD;rSm jzpfMuygw,f/ 'Dvdk jzpfNyD;u ysufaerIcsKyfaerIrSm aus;Zl;jyKaewJh taMumif;w&m;awGu rukefao;vdkYqufvufaus;Zl;jyKaeOD;r,fqdkvQif aemifwpfzef jzpfcGifh&Sdaeao;wJhtwGuf 'DcsKyfenf;udkawmh ]]OyÜg'eda&m" = aemifwpfzef jzpfcGifh&SdaomcsKyfenf;}}vdkY ac:qdkygw,f/ 'DOyÜg'eda&m"oabmudk jrifatmif½Ijcif;udkawmh ]]cPawm 0,'óe = cPtm;jzifh tysufudk(tcsKyfudk) jrifatmif ½Ijcif;}}vdkY ac:qdkygw,f? azmufjyefysufpD;wwfwJh 0dy&dPmrvu©Pmudk ½Ijcif;yJ jzpfygw,f/


2/ aemufwpfckuawmh tEkyÜg'eda&m" jzpfygw,f/ tEkyÜg'eda&m"qdkwmuawmh aemifwpfzefjzpfcGifhr&SdwJh csKyfjcif; jzpfygw,f/ t0dZÆmwPSm-Oyg'gef-uH-pdwf-Owk-tm[m& pwJh taMumif;w&m;awGuaemifwpfzef rjzpfaom csKyfjcif;jzifh csKyfNidrf;oGm;wJhtcg tusKd;cEmig;yg;wdkYvnf; aemifwpfzef rjzpfaom csKyfjcif;jzifh csKyfNidrf;oGm;Muw,f/ 'Dvdk csKyfNidrf;rIudkawmh ]]tEkyÜg'eda&m" = aemifwpfzef rjzpfaomcsKyfjcif;jzifh csKyfNidrf;jcif;}}vdkY ac:qdkygw,f/ 'DvdkqdkvQif b,ftcgrSm 'Dt0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uHawG[m aemifwpfzefrjzpfaom csKyfjcif;jzihf csKyfNidrf;rSmvJ ..¿ 'Dtcsufudk 0dok'¨dr*¾r[m#Dumq&mawmfu 'Dvdk zGifhqdkxm;ygw,f/ --

t0dZÆmeda&m"m ½lyeda&ma"mwd t*¾r*¾ÓaPe t0dZÆm, tEkyÜg'-eda&m"awm tem*wó ½lyó tEkyÜg'eda&ma"m a[mwd ypö,m-bma0 tbm0awm/ (r[m#D-2-421/)

t0dZÆmeda&m"m ½lyeda&ma"mwd =t0dZÆmeda&m"m ½lyeda&ma"mwd =t0dZÆmeda&m"m ½lyeda&ma"mwd =t0dZÆmeda&m"m ½lyeda&ma"mwd =t0dZÆmeda&m"m ½lyeda&ma"mwd = t0dZÆmcsKyfjcif;aMumifh ½kyfcsKyf\[lonfum;/ t*¾r*¾ÓaPe = t*¾r*¾ÓaPe = t*¾r*¾ÓaPe = t*¾r*¾ÓaPe = t*¾r*¾ÓaPe = t&[wår*fÓPfaMumifh/ t0dZÆm, t0dZÆm, t0dZÆm, t0dZÆm, t0dZÆm,===== t0dZÆm\/ tEkyÜg'eda&m"awm =tEkyÜg'eda&m"awm =tEkyÜg'eda&m"awm =tEkyÜg'eda&m"awm =tEkyÜg'eda&m"awm = aemifwpfzefrjzpfaom csKyfjcif;jzifhcsKyfNidrf;jcif;aMumifh/ tem*wótem*wótem*wótem*wótem*wó ½lyó =½lyó =½lyó =½lyó =½lyó = y&dedAÁmepkwdü jzpfay:cGifh&Sdaom tem*wfjzpfaom½kyf\/ tEkyÜg'eda&ma"m = tEkyÜg'eda&ma"m = tEkyÜg'eda&ma"m = tEkyÜg'eda&ma"m = tEkyÜg'eda&ma"m = aemifwpfzef rjzpfaomcsKyfjcif;jzifh csKyfNidrf;jcif;onf/ a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = jzpf\/ uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = tb,faMumifhenf;[lrlum;/ ypö,mbma0 = ypö,mbma0 = ypö,mbma0 = ypö,mbma0 = ypö,mbma0 = taMumif;w&m;\ r&Sdjcif;onf/owd =owd =owd =owd =owd = &Sdvwfaomf/ tbm0awm = tbm0awm = tbm0awm = tbm0awm = tbm0awm = tusKd;w&m;\ rjzpfjcif; r&Sdjcif;aMumifhwnf;/ (r[m#D-2-421/)

qkdvkdwmuawmh ckvkd pdwåol<u,fwkdYvkd 0dyóembm0emur®|mef;ukdpD;jzef;aewJh olawmfaumif;[m wpfaeYrSm t&[wår*f t&[wåzkdvf&Ekdifavmufatmif o'¨g 0D&d, owd orm"d ynm qkdwJh £a`E´ig;yg;


wkdYu &ifhusufvmNyDqkdvQif t&[wår*fukd usdef;ao &&SdMurSmjzpfw,f/tJ'Dvkd t&[wår*f &&SdwJhtcgrSm 'Dt&[wår*fu t0dZÆm wPSmOyg'gefqkdwJh udavomawGukd aemufxyfwpfzef jzpfcGifh r&Sdatmift<uif;rJh y,fowfrSm jzpfygw,f/

'Dvkd t&[wår*faMumifh udavomawG t<uif;tusefr&Sd ukefpifatmif csKyfNidrf;oGm;MuwJhtcg udavomqkdwJh taygif;tazmfukd &&SdrStusKd;ay;EdkifwJh uHawGvnf; udavomqkdwJh taygif;tazmfukd r&&SdwJhtwGufç b0tay:ü wG,fwmrIrSeforQ tm;vkH;csKyfNidrf;oGm;wJhtwGuftusKd;ray;EkdifawmhbJ tusKd;ay;EkdifwJh pGrf;tifawG ukefcef;oGm;Muygw,f/

'Dvkd t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uHqkdwJh taMumif;w&m;awGuaemifwpfzef jzpfcGifhr&Sdaom csKyfjcif;vkdYac:qkdtyfwJh tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;oGm;wJhtcg cE¨mig;yg; ½kyfemrfw&m;wkdY[mvnf; y&dedAÁmepkwdukd aemufqkH;xm;NyD; aemifwpfzef jzpfcGifhr&SdaomcsKyfjcif;jzifh csKyfNidrf;oGm;Muw,f/ 'Dvkd csKyfNidrf;rIukd tEkyÜg'eda&m"vkdYac:ygw,f/

a,m*Dyk*¾dKvf[m O',AÁ,ÓPfykdif; a&mufwJhtcg tJ'D tEkyÜg'-eda&m"vkdY ac:qkdtyfwJh taMumif;-tusKd; ESpf&yfvkH;wkdY&JU csKyfNidrf;rIukdO',AÁ,mEkyóemac:wJh 0dyóemÓPfjzifh jrifatmif ½I&rSmjzpfygw,f/ tJ'Dvkd taMumif;w&m;wkdY&JU aemifwpfzef rjzpfaom csKyfjcif;jzifhcsKyfNidrf;jcif;aMumifh tusKd;w&m;wkdY&JU aemifwpfzef rjzpfaom csKyfjcif;jzifhcsKyfNidrf;rIukd jrifatmif½Ijcif;ukd - ]]ypö,awm 0,'óe = taMumif;w&m;tm;jzifh tysufukd (tcsKyf)ukd ½Ijcif;}} - vkdY ac:ygw,f/

'gwGif ruao;bl;? 'Dtykdif;rSm 0dy&dPmrvu©Pm-ac:wJh cE¨mig;yg;wkdY&JU cPrpJ woJoJ csKyfysufaerIvkdY ac:qkdtyfwJh ocFg&w&m;wkdY&JU bifukdvnf; 0dyóemÓPfjzifh jrifatmif ½IzkdYvnf; ñTefMum;


xm;ygw,f/ 'gaMumifh a,m*Dyk*¾dKvf[m ur®Z½kyfç pdwåZ½kyfç OwkZ½kyfçtm[m&Z½kyfwkdY&JU cPtm;jzifh ysufrI bifukdvnf; jrifatmif ½I&ygw,f/ usefemrfcEmawGrSmvnf; enf;wlyJ ½I&ygw,f/ 'Dvdk ocFg&w&m;wdkY&JU tysuf bifudk ½Ijrifjcif;udk ]]cPawm 0,'óe = cPtm;jzifhtysufukd ½Ijcif;}}vdkY ac:ygw,f/ tm;vHk;aygif;vdkufawmh --

1/ ypö,awm O','óe = taMumif;w&m;tm;jzifh tjzpfukd ½Ijcif;

2/ ypö,awm 0,'óe = taMumif;w&m;tm;jzifh tcsKyfudk ½Ijcif;

3/ cPawm O','óe = cPtm;jzifh tjzpfukd ½Ijcif;

4/ cPawm 0,'óe = cPtm;jzifh tysuf (tcsKyf)udk ½Ijcif; -

qdkNyD; ½IuGuf (4)rsKd; jzpfvmw,f/

wpfzef - ypö,awm O','óe ESifh ypö,awm 0,'óe ESpfckudkaygif;vdkufawmh ]]ypö,awm O',AÁ,'óe = taMumif;w&m;tm;jzifh jzpf+ysufudk ½Ijcif;}}qdkwJh O',AÁ,ÓPfu wpfck?

cPawm O','óe ESifh cPawm 0,'óe ESpfckudk aygif;vdkufawmh ]]cPawm O',AÁ,'óe = cPtm;jzifh jzpf+ysufudk½Ijcif;}}qdkwJh O',AÁ,ÓPfu wpfck --

aygif;vkdufawmh O',AÁ,ÓPf ESpfrsKd; jzpfvmw,f/ ESpfrsKd;aomtjcif;t&mtm;jzifh O',AÁ,-½Ienf;vdkY ac:qdkygw,f/ 'D½IuGufudkcEmig;yg;vHk;rSm yHkpHwl ½I&rSm jzpfygw,f/ 'Dae&mrSm aqG;aEG;p&mtcsufawG rsm;pGm &Sdaeygw,f/ wcsKdUtcsuftvufawGudk xyfrHNyD; &Sif;jyvdkygw,f/

t&[wår*f&rnfhtcsdef

a,m*Dyk*¾dKvf[m cktcsdefrSm 0dyóemydkif;rSm O',AÁ,ÓPftqifh


odkYom a&muf&Sdygao;w,f/ rnfonfht&d,mtqifhodkYrQ ra&muf&Sdao;ygbl;/ ykxkZefb0ESifh O',AÁ,ÓPftqifhavmufudkom a&muf&Sdygao;w,f/ xdktqifhrSm a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu taMumif;tusKd; ESpf&yfvHk;wdkY&JUtEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh aemifwpfzef rjzpfaom csKyfjcif;jzifhcsKyfNidrf;rIudk jrifatmif ½IzdkY&ef y#dorÇd'gr*¾ygVdawmfBuD;ESifh 0dok'¨dr*¾t|uxmwdkYu ñTefMum;xm;ygw,f/

'gaMumifh tJ'Dt&[wår*fudk &rnfhtcsdefonf O',AÁ,ÓPfudktm;opfqJ jzpfaewJh ykxkZefolawmfaumif;twGuf .. 'Db0rSmyJt&[wår*fudk &r,fqdkvQif 'Db0tem*wf? aemifvmrnfh tem*wfb0wpfckckusrS t&[wår*fudk &&Sdr,fqdkvQifvnf; aemifb0wpfckckqdkwJh tem*wfyJ jzpfygw,f/

a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu tJ'Dtem*wfrSm t&[wår*faMumifh t0dZÆmç wPSmçOyg'gefç ocFg&ç uHwdkY&JU tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh aemifwpfzefrjzpfaom csKyfjcif;jzifh csKyfNidrf;rIudkvnf; O',AÁ,mEkyóemÓPfjzifh jrifatmif ½I&rSm jzpfw,f/ xdktaMumif;w&m;wdkY tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;oGm;wJhtwGuf tusKd; cEmig;yg;wdkYvnf; aemifwpfzef rjzpfaom csKyfjcif;vdkY ac:qdktyfwJh tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh y&dedAÁmepkwdudk aemufqHk;xm;NyD; csKyfNidrf;rIukdvnf; O',-AÁ,mEkyóemÓPfjzifh jrifatmif vSrf;½I&rSm jzpfygw,f/ 'gaMumifhr[m#Dumq&mawmfu --

t0dZÆmeda&m"m ½lyeda&ma"mwd t*¾r*¾ÓaPe t0dZÆm, tEkyÜg'-eda&m"awm tem*wó ½lyó tEkyÜg'eda&ma"m a[mwd ypö,m-bma0 tbm0awm/ (r[m#D-2-421/)

ponfjzifh zGifhqdkxm;awmfrljcif; jzpfygw,f/


0dyóemukodkvfaZm ESifh t&[wår*f'Dae&mrSm ykxkZefolawmfaumif;&JU O',AÁ,mEkyóemÓPfqdkwm

raem'Gg&rSm jzpfaewJh r[mukodkvf ÓPorÜ,kwf (= ÓPfESifh,SOfwGJaewJh) aZmpdwåKyÜg'ftpOf jzpfygw,f/ tJ'D r[mukodkvf ÓPorÜ,kwfaZmpdwfapwodufw&m;udk w&m;udk,faumuf,l&wJh ykxkZefolawmfaumif;&JU O',AÁ,mEkyóemÓPf[m t&[wår*fudkawmh tm½kHrjyKEdkifygbl;/ 'gayrJh t&[wår*faMumifh t0dZÆmç wPSmç Oyg'gefç ocFg&çuHwdkY&JU aemifwpfzef rjzpfaom csKyfjcif;vdkY ac:qdktyfwJh tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;rIudka&m tusKd;cE¨mig;yg;wdkY&JU aemifwpfzefrjzpfaom csKyfjcif;vdkY ac:qdktyfwJh tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmukda&m 'DESpfrsKd;vHk;udkawmh ½IvdkY&ygw,f/ t&[wår*fudk vSrf;½Iwm vSrf;tm½kH,lwmawmh r[kwfygbl;/ taMumif;w&m; tusKd;w&m;wdkY&JU tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;rIukdom vSrf;½Iwm jzpfygw,f/

avmuDopömav;yg; xif&Sm;vmyHk

ork',opöm xif&Sm;vmyHk£pöaó0H ypö,awm ap0 cPawm p a'G"m O',AÁ,H

yóawm ypö,awm O','óaee ork',opöH ygu#H a[mwdZeum0aAm"awm/ (0dok'd-2-267/)

£wd wo®m =£wd wo®m =£wd wo®m =£wd wo®m =£wd wo®m = xkdokdY taMumif;w&m;tm;jzifh cEmwkdY\ O',AÁ,udk ½Ijcif;ç cPtm;jzifh cE¨mwkdY\ O',AÁ,ukd ½Ijcif;aMumifh/ {0H {0H {0H {0H {0H0kwåyuma&e =0kwåyuma&e =0kwåyuma&e =0kwåyuma&e =0kwåyuma&e = þ zGifhqkdtyfcJhNyD;aom tjym;tm;jzifh/ ypö,awm ypö,awm ypö,awm ypö,awm ypö,awmap0 =ap0 =ap0 =ap0 =ap0 = taMumif;w&m;tm;jzifhvnf;aumif;/ cPawm p = cPawm p = cPawm p = cPawm p = cPawm p = cPtm;jzifhvnf;aumif;/ a'G"m = a'G"m = a'G"m = a'G"m = a'G"m = ESpfrsKd;ESpfpm;tm;jzifh/ O',AÁ,H = O',AÁ,H = O',AÁ,H = O',AÁ,H = O',AÁ,H = cEmig;yg;wkdY\ O',AÁ,ukd/ yóawm = yóawm = yóawm = yóawm = yóawm = ½Ijrifíaeaom/ tó = tó = tó = tó = tó = xkda,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf\ todÓPfü/ ypö,awm = ypö,awm = ypö,awm = ypö,awm = ypö,awm = taMumif;w&m;tm;jzifh/


O','óaee =O','óaee =O','óaee =O','óaee =O','óaee = cEmig;yg;wkdY\ jzpfrIukd ½Ijrifjcif;jzifh/ Zeum0aAm"- Zeum0aAm"- Zeum0aAm"- Zeum0aAm"- Zeum0aAm"-awm =awm =awm =awm =awm = cE¨mig;yg;wkdYukd wkduf½kdufjzpfapwwfaom ZeutaMumif;w&m;jzpfonfh t0dZÆmç wPSmç Oyg'gefç ocFg&ç uH paom taMumif;w&m;ukd xkd;xGif;í odjcif;aMumifh/ ork',opöH = ork',opöH = ork',opöH = ork',opöH = ork',opöH = ork',opömonf/ygu#H =ygu#H =ygu#H =ygu#H =ygu#H = xif&Sm;onf/ a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = jzpf\/

taMumif;w&m;tm;jzifh jzpfysufukd½Ijcif;ç cPtm;jzifh jzpfysufukd½Ijcif;qkdwJh ESpfrsKd;ESpfpm;tm;jzifh cEmig;yg;wkdY&JU jzpfjcif;ysufjcif; O',-AÁ,ukd O',AÁ,mEkyóemÓPfjzifh ½Ijrifaeaom a,m*g0p& &[ef;awmf&JU todÓPfrSm - twdwfu jyKpkysKd;axmifcJhwJh t0dZÆm wPSmOyg'gef ocFg& uHqkdwJh taMumif;w&m;awGaMumifh ypöKyÜefwGif 0dnmPfemrf½kyf oVm,we zó a0'em qkdwJh tusKd;cEmig;yg;wkdY&JU xif&Sm;jzpfykHç ypöKyÜefwGif jyKpkysKd;axmifvkdufaom t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg&uHqkdwJh taMumif;w&m;awGaMumifh aemiftem*wfwGif 0dnmPf emrf½kyf oVm,we zó a0'emqkdwJh tusKd;cE¨mig;yg;wkdY&JU xif&Sm;jzpfykHawGudk 0dyóemÓPfjzifh ½IjrifaewJhtwGuf cEmig;yg;ukd wkduf½kdufjzpfay:apwwfwJh t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uHpwJh taMumif;w&m;awGukd 0dyóemÓPfjzifh xkd;xGif;odjrifjcif;aMumifh ork',opöm[mxif&Sm;vmygw,f/

'guawmh O',AÁ,mEkyóemÓPfqkdwJh 0dyóemÓPfjzifh ork-',opömudk xkd;xGif;odykH jzpfygw,f/ aemufxyf 'D0dyóemÓPfu'ku©opömukd xkd;xGif;odykHukdvnf; t|uxmu qufNyD; &Sif;jyxm;jyefw,f/ b,fvkd &Sif;jyxm;ovJ¿ --

'ku©opöm xif&Sm;vmykHcPawm O','óaee 'ku©opöH ygu#H a[mwd Zmwd'ku©m-

0aAm"awm/ (0dok'd-2-267/)


cPawm =cPawm =cPawm =cPawm =cPawm = cPtm;jzifh/ O','óaee = O','óaee = O','óaee = O','óaee = O','óaee = cEmig;yg;wkdY\ jzpfrIO',ukd ½Ijrifjcif;jzifh/ Zmwd'ku©m0aAm"awm = Zmwd'ku©m0aAm"awm = Zmwd'ku©m0aAm"awm = Zmwd'ku©m0aAm"awm = Zmwd'ku©m0aAm"awm = Zmwd0#f'ku©ukd xkd;xGif;íodjcif;aMumifh/ 'ku©opöH ='ku©opöH ='ku©opöH ='ku©opöH ='ku©opöH = 'ku©opömw&m;onf/ ygu#H =ygu#H =ygu#H =ygu#H =ygu#H = xif&Sm;vmonf/ a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = jzpf\/

½kyf-a0'em-onm-ocFg&-0dnmPfac:wJh cE¨mig;yg;wkdY&JU jzpfrIukd0dyóemÓPfjzifh ½Ijrifjcif;ukd O','óevkdY ac:qkdygw,f/ a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvfu cPtm;jzifh 'DcE¨mig;yg;wkdY&JU jzpfrI O',ukd 0dyóemÓPfjzifh ½IjrifwJhtwGuf cE¨mig;yg;wkdY&JU Zmwd'ku©ukd tJ'D 0dyóemÓPfu xkd;xGif;odoGm;ygw,f/ Zmwdyd 'ku©m - vkdY bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJhtwkdif; cEmig;yg;ukdvnf; odw,fç cEmig;yg;wkdY&JU jzpfrIZmwd'ku©ukdvnf; xkd;xGif;odwJhtwGuf xkda,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JU todÓPfrSm 'ku©opömw&m;[m xif&Sm;vmygw,f/

'Dae&mrSm r[m#Dumq&mawmfuvnf; - {ua'o'óaeeyAÁwork'g'd'óeumeH 0d, - qkdNyD; Oyrm xkwfaqmifNyD; &Sif;jyxm;ygw,f/ Oyrm - yk*¾dKvfwpfa,mufu awmifndKawmifwef;wkdYvkd awmifwpfawmifukd cyfvSrf;vSrf;rS jrifw,fqkdMuygpkdY/ awmifukd jrifw,fqkdaomfvnf; awmif&JU wpfpdwfwpfa'o wcsKdUwpf0ufavmufukdomolu jrifEkdifygw,f/ awmifwpfawmifvkH;ukd tbufbufu ukefpifatmifawmh olu rjrifEkdifygbl;/ 'gayrJh 'Dyk*¾dKvfu ]]igu awmifukdjrifygw,f}}vkdYawmh ajymaew,f/

aemufOyrmwpfrsKd;uawmh - usKdu©rDuJhokdYaom wpfae&mu aeNyD;awmh a,mufsm;wpfa,mufu yifv,fork'&mukd vSrf;Munfhawmh jrifw,f qkdMupdkY/ 'Da,mufsm;u ]]ig[m yifv,fork'&mukd jrifzl;ygw,f}}vkdYawmh olu ajymr,f/ 'gayrJh yifv,fork'&mudk oljrifw,fqkdayrJhork'´&mav;pif;qkdwJh wpfurÇmvkH;rSm&SdwJh yifv,ftukefvkH;ukdawmh


olrjrifygbl;/ yifv,fork'&m&JU tpdwftykdif; wcsKdUwpf0ufavmufukdom olu jrifvkdufwm jzpfygw,f/

tvm;wlyJ - 'Dae&mrSm 'ku©opömukd 0dyóemÓPfu xkd;xGif;odw,fqkdayrJh (31)bkHvkH;rSm&SdwJh 'ku©opömtm;vkH;ukd ukefpifatmifodwmawmh r[kwfygbl;/ wcsKdUwpf0uf wpfpdwfwpfa'oavmufukdomolu odwmjzpfygw,f/ erlemykHpH xkwfjy&vQifawmh - vlom;wpfOD;&JUcEmtdrfrSmwnf&SdwJh NydKifwljzpfysufaewJh y&rmPkjrLcefY tvGefYtvGefao;i,faewJh ½kyfuvmyftrIefaygif;awG[m ÓPfESifh csifwG,f&aumif;vkdYom tu,fí csifwG,fMunfhr,fqdkvQif - a'gPrwåm od,m(0dok'd-1-361/) - wpfpdwfom;cefYavmuf &Sdr,fvkdY qkdygw,f/ om0uawG[m tJ'D ½kyfuvmyfawGukd t<uif;tusefr&Sd wpfckrusef y&rwfokdYqkdufatmif - yx0D tmayg awaZm 0ga,m tqif; teHY t&omMoZm ponfjzifh cGJjcm;pdwfjzmNyD; r½IEkdifygbl;/ rdrdwkdY qnf;yl;xm;wJhyg&rDtm;avsmfpGm jzpfay:vmwJh ÓPf&JU tmEkabmfu BuD;rm;vQifcyfrsm;rsm; wcsKdUwpf0uf wpfpdwfwpfa'oukdç ÓPftmEkabmfu ao;vQifvnf; cyfenf;enf; wcsKdUwpf0uf wpfpdwfwpfa'oavmufukdomodrf;qnf;Ekdif ½IyGm;EkdifMuygw,f/ tjyif A[d'ukd ½I&mrSmvnf; tvm;wlygyJ/ wcsKdUwpf0uf wpfpdwfwpfa'oavmufukdom ½IEkdifMuygw,f/cE¨mig;yg;vkH;ukd ykHpHwlyJ oabmaygufyg/

eda&m"opöm xif&Sm;vmykH

aemufxyf eda&m"opömukd 0dyóemÓPfu xkd;xGif;odjrifykHukdvnf; t|uxmu qufvufNyD; &Sif;jyxm;ygw,f/

ypö,awm 0,'óaee eda&m"opöH ygu#H a[mwd ypö,m-EkyÜga'e ypö,0wH tEkyÜg'g0aAm"awm/ (0dok'd-2-267/)


ypö,awm =ypö,awm =ypö,awm =ypö,awm =ypö,awm = taMumif;w&m;tm;jzifh/ 0,'óaee = 0,'óaee = 0,'óaee = 0,'óaee = 0,'óaee = tysufukd½Ijrifjcif;jzifh? wpfenf; - tcsKyfukd ½Ijrifjcif;jzifh/ eda&m"opöH = eda&m"opöH = eda&m"opöH = eda&m"opöH = eda&m"opöH = eda&m"opömonf/ ygu#H = ygu#H = ygu#H = ygu#H = ygu#H = xif&Sm;vmonf/ a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = jzpf\/ uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = uo®m =tb,faMumifhenf;[lrlum;/ ypö,mEkyÜga'e = ypö,mEkyÜga'e = ypö,mEkyÜga'e = ypö,mEkyÜga'e = ypö,mEkyÜga'e = taMumif;w&m;wkdY\rjzpfjcif;jzifh? wpfenf; - ypö,mEkyÜga'eypö,mEkyÜga'eypö,mEkyÜga'eypö,mEkyÜga'eypö,mEkyÜga'e = taMumif;w&m;wkdY\ aemifwpfzef rjzpfaom csKyfjcif;[lonfh tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;jcif;aMumifh/ ypö,0wH = ypö,0wH = ypö,0wH = ypö,0wH = ypö,0wH = taMumif;w&m;&Sdukefaom tusKd;w&m;wkdY\? 0g - taMumif;w&m;aMumifh jzpfukefaom tusKd;w&m;wkdY\/tEkyÜg'g0aAm"awm =tEkyÜg'g0aAm"awm =tEkyÜg'g0aAm"awm =tEkyÜg'g0aAm"awm =tEkyÜg'g0aAm"awm = aemifwpfzef rjzpfaom csKyfjcif;jzifh csKyfNidrf;jcif;ukd xkd;xGif;í odjcif;aMumifhwnf;/

a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvfu t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uH - qkdwJhtaMumif;w&m;awG&JU t&[wår*faMumifh aemifwpfzef rjzpfaomcsKyfjcif;vkdYac:qkdwJh tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmjzifh csKyfNidrf;oGm;wJhtwGuftusKd;cEmig;yg;wkdY&JU aemifwpfzef rjzpfaom csKyfjcif;vkdY ac:qkdtyfwJhtEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh y&dedAÁmepkwdukd aemufqkH;xm;NyD; csKyfoGm;ykHukd O',AÁ,mEkyóemÓPfvkdY ac:qkdwJh 0dyóemÓPfESifh jrifatmif½Ijcif;ukd ypö,awm 0,'óevkdY ac:qkdygw,f/ 'Dypö,awm0,'óe ÓPftjrifukd &&SdaewJh a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JU todÓPfutaMumif;w&m;wkdY&JU tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;oGm;jcif;aMumifh taMumif;w&m;aMumifh jzpfaeMuwJh tusKd;cE¨mig;yg;wkdY[mvnf; y&dedAÁmepkwdukd aemufqkH;xm;NyD; tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifhtjrpfjywfcsKyfNidrf;rIukd xkd;xGif;odaeygw,f/ 'Dvkd odaewJhtwGuf 'Da,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JU todÓPfrSm eda&m"opömw&m;onf xif&Sm;vmygw,f/

'Deda&m"opömw&m;uawmh avmuD 0dyóemÓPfjzifh xkd;xGif;odtyfwJh eda&m"opömw&m; jzpfygw,f/ avmukwå&m t&d,r*fÓPf


zkdvfÓPfwkdYjzifh xkd;xGif;odtyfwJh tocFwedAÁmefqkdwJh avmukwå&meda&m"opömw&m;awmh r[kwfygbl;/ 'D avmuD 0dyóemÓPfjzifhxkd;xGif;odtyfwJh eda&m"opömw&m;ukd ykdNyD; todÓPf oefY&Sif;oGm;atmif t*FkwådK&f wduedygwf wdw¬m,weokwåefrSm - bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJh eda&m"opömtaMumif;ukd qufvufNyD; emMum;Munfhyg/ tJ'D wdw¬m,weokwåefrSm jrwfpGmbk&m;u eda&m"opömukdb,fvkd a[mMum;xm;awmfrlovJ¿ --

uwrÍö bdu©a0 'ku©eda&m"H t&d,opöH¿ t0dZÆm, awG0 taoo-0d&m*eda&m"m ocFg&eda&ma"m? ocFg&eda&m"m 0dnmPeda&ma"m? 0dnm-Peda&m"m emr½lyeda&ma"m? emr½lyeda&m"m oVm,weeda&ma"m?oVm,weeda&m"m zóeda&ma"m? zóeda&m"m a0'emeda&ma"m?a0'emeda&m"m wPSmeda&ma"m? wPSmeda&m"m Oyg'geeda&ma"m?Oyg'geeda&m"m b0eda&ma"m? b0eda&m"m Zmwdeda&ma"m? Zmwd-eda&m"m Z&mr&PH aomuy&da'0'ku©a'greókyg,mom ed½kZÑEÅd/{0arwó au0vó 'ku©u©E¨ó eda&ma"m a[mwd/ £'H 0kpöwdbdu©a0 'ku©eda&m"H t&d,opöH/ (tH-1-178/)

&[ef;wdkY ... 'ku©eda&m" t&d,opöm - [lonf tb,fenf;¿t0dZÆm\ t&[wår*faMumifh t<uif;rJh csKyfjcif;aMumifh ocFg&csKyf\?ocFg&csKyfjcif;aMumifh 0dnmPfcsKyf\? 0dnmPfcsKyfjcif;aMumifh emrf½kyfcsKyf\? emrf½kyfcsKyfjcif;aMumifh oVm,wecsKyf\? oVm,wecsKyfjcif;aMumifh zócsKyf\? zócsKyfjcif;aMumifh a0'emcsKyf\? a0'emcsKyfjcif;aMumifh wPSmcsKyf\? wPSmcsKyfjcif;aMumifh Oyg'gefcsKyf\? Oyg'gefcsKyfjcif;aMumifh b0 (= ur®b0+Oyywådb0) csKyf\? b0 (= ur®b0)csKyfjcif;aMumifh ZmwdcsKyf\? ZmwdcsKyfjcif;aMumifh Z&m r&P aomuy&da'0 'ku© a'greó Oyg,mowdkYonf csKyfukef\/ þodkYvQifcsrf;omrzuf oufoufaom 'ku©wHk; 'ku©tpktyHk\ csKyfNidrf;jcif;onf


jzpf\/ &[ef;wdkY ...þonfudk 'ku©eda&m"t&d,opöm[lí qdktyf\/ (tH-1-178/)

eda&m" (3) rsKd;'Dae&mrSm eda&m" (3)rsKd;udk cJGjcm;NyD; rSwfom;xm;zdkY vdkygw,f/

1/ t&[wår*fÓPf zdkvfÓPf odkYr[kwf r*fÓPf zdkvfÓPf tm;vHk;wdkY&JU tm½kHjzpfwJh tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwfedAÁmefudkvnf; eda&m"(= eda&m"opöm)vdkY ac:ygw,f/ avmukwå&m r*fÓPf zdkvfÓPfwdkYjzifh odtyfwJh avmukwå&m eda&m"opömw&m; jzpfygw,f/ -tocFw - qdkwmu rnfonfhtaMumif;w&m;rQ rjyKjyiftyfwJhw&m;yJ? rnfonfhtaMumif;w&m;aMumifhrQ jzpfay:vmwJhw&m;r[kwfbl;vdkY qdkvdkygw,f/ 'gaMumifh tJ'DedAÁmefudk tocFw"mwfvdkYvnf; ac:qdkygw,f/

2/ eHygwfESpf eda&m"uawmh t&[wår*faMumifh t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gefwdkY&JU t<uif;tusefr&Sd tukeftpif aemifwpfzefrjzpfaomcsKyfjcif;jzifh csKyfNidrf;rI eda&m"jzpfygw,f/ 'DudavomwdkY&JU csKyfNidrf;rIudkawmhoOyg'daooedAÁmefvdkYvnf; ac:qdkygw,f/ oOyg'daooedAÁmefqdkwmu udavomawGuawmh csKyfNidrf;oGm;NyD; twdwfb0uxlaxmifcJhwJhuHudavomawGaMumifh xif&Sm;jzpfaewJhcEmig;yg;uxif&Sm;&Sdaeao;wJh csKyfNidrf;rIvdkY qdkvdkygw,f/ 'DoOyg'daooedAÁmefudkyJ udavoy&dedAÁmefvdkYvnf; ac:qdkygw,f/ (tbd-|-2-413/)

ww¬ udavoy&dedAÁmeH aAm"dyv’auF ta[mod? (tbd-|-2-413/)

jrwfpGmbk&m;&SiftwGuf uGufNyD;ajymr,fqdkvQif bk&m;&Sif[m r[mouú&mZf (103)ck uqkefvjynfhaeYrSm aAm"dyifajc jrwfaomyv’ifaAGxufrSmç t&[wår*fÓPf oAÁnKwÓPfawmfjrwfudk &&SdcdkufrSmudavoy&dedAÁmefudk pHawmfrlcJhygw,f/ 'gayrJh bk&m;&Sif&JU oEÅmefrSm


udavomawG y&dedAÁmefpHoGm;ayrJhvdkY twdwfu xlaxmifcJhwJh uHudavomawGaMumifh xif&Sm;jzpfaewJh cE¨mig;yg;uawmh qufvufNyD; (45)0gwdkYumvywfvHk; wnf&dSaeygao;w,f/ 'gayrJh udavomawGcsKyfNidrf;oGm;wJhtcg udavomtazmfudk &&SdrS tusKd;ay;EdkifwJh uHawG[mvnf; y&dedAÁmepkwd&JU aemufqG,frSm tusKd;ray;EdkifawmhbJ csKyfNidrf;oGm;Muygw,f/ y&dedAÁmepkwd rwdkifrD twGif;rSmom udavomr&SdwJhcE¨mig;yg;udk qufvufwnfwHhaprSm jzpfygw,f/

3/ aemufwpfck eHygwfokH; eda&m"uawmh cE¨mig;yg;wdkY&JU tEkyÜg'eda&m"vdkY ac:qdkwJh aemifwpfzefrjzpfaom csKyfjcif;jzifh csKyfNidrf;rIjzpfygw,f/ ckajymcJhwJh t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uH qdkwJhtaMumif;w&m;awGu tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;oGm;wJhtcg taMumif;w&m; xif&Sm;&SdrS jzpfEdkifwJh pGrf;tm;&SdwJh tusKd;cEmig;yg;wdkYvnf; y&dedAÁmepkwdudk aemufqHk;xm;NyD; tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;oGm;Muygw,f/ 'DcsKyfNidrf;rIudk wdw¬m,weokwåefrSm bk&m;&Sifu eda&m"opömqdkwJh emrnfudk wyfum a[mMum;awmfrlcJhygw,f/ 'DcEmig;yg;wdkY&JU tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;rIudk tEkyg'daooedAÁmefvdkYvnf; ac:qdkygw,f/ 0dygufcE¨mwdkY&JU t<uif;tusefr&Sd csKyfNidrf;jcif;oabmudk tEkyg'daooedAÁmefvdkY ac:qdkygw,f/ aemufwpfrsKd;tm;jzifh cEy&dedAÁmefvdkYvnf;ac:qdkygw,f/

cE¨y&dedAÁmeH ukodem&m,H? (tbd-|-2-413/)

jrwfpGmbk&m;onf cEy&dedAÁmefudk ukodem½kHNrdKUrSm 0ifpHawmfrlw,fvdkY oar®m[0daem'eD tp&SdwJh ygVdawmf t|uxmrsm;u azmfjyxm;Muygw,f/

jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifudk uGufNyD; yHkpHxm;íajymr,fqdkvQif bk&m;&Sifonf


r[mouú&mZf (103)ck uqkefvjynfhaeY0,f aAm"dr@dKifrSm udavoy&dedAÁmefpH0ifawmfrlygw,f/ wpfenf;ajymvQifawmh oOyg'daooedAÁmef"mwfodkY qdkufa&mufawmfrlygw,f/ (45)0g jynfhwJhtcg uqkefvjynfhaeYrSmyJ ukodem½HkNrdKU rv’mrif;wdkY&JU tifMuif;O,smOftwGif;rSm cE¨y&dedAÁmef 0ifpHawmfrlygw,f/ wpfenf;ajym&vQifawmh tEkyg'daooedAÁmef0ifpHawmfrlygw,f/ udavoy&dedAÁmefESifh cEy&dedAÁmefç wpfenf;qdkvQifawmh oOyg'daooedAÁmefESifh tEkyg'daooedAÁmef 0ifpHawmfrl&m tcsdefumvESifh t&yfa'o xif&Sm;&Sdaeygw,f/ 'gayrJh t&d,r*fzdkvfwdkY&JUtm½kHjzpfwJh tocFw"mwf edAÁmefw&m;awmfjrwfuawmh b,ftcsdeftcgrSm jzpfw,f b,fae&mrSm jzpfw,fqdkwm r&Sdygbl;/ edpöxm0&w&m;oabm wpfrsKd;om jzpfygw,f/

'Dae&mrSm - &m* a'go arm[ pwJh udavomwdkY&JU ukefjcif;oOyg'daooedAÁmef odkYr[kwf udavoy&dedAÁmefqdkwmu wpfck? 0dygufcE¨mwdkY&JU t<uif;tusefr&Sd csKyfNidrf;jcif;qdkwJh tEkyg'daooedAÁmefodkYr[kwf cE¨y&dedAÁmefu wpfck? t&d,r*fÓPf zdkvfÓPfwdkY&JU tm½HkjzpfwJh tocFw"mwfedAÁmefu wpfck - 'D (3)rsKd;udk cJGjcm;NyD; em;vnfxm;zdkY vdkygw,f/

oar®m[0daem'eDt|uxm\ zGifhqdkcsuf'Dae&mrSm oar®m[0daem'eD t|uxmBuD;u 'Dvdk zGifhqdkxm;yg

w,f/ --

tocFwm "mwlwd tocFwobm0H edAÁmeH/ ,o®m yaewH tm*r®&m*g'a,m cD,EÅd? wo®m ]]&m*u©a,m a'gou©a,m arm[u©a,m}}-wd 0kwåH/ t,arw¬ tmp&d,meH ormew¬uxm/ (tbd-|-2-48/)

'Dt|uxm&JU qdkvdk&if;uawmh ]]tocFw"mwfqdkwm uH pdwf Owktm[m&pwJh rnfonfhwpfpHkwpfckaom taMumif;w&m;urQ jyKjyifvdkY


jzpfay:vm&wJh oabm r&SdwJh edAÁmefudk qdkvdkygw,f/ 'gaMumifh - 'DtocFw"mwf edAÁmefw&m;awmfjrwfudk tpJGjyKí tm½kHjyKí udavomrsm; ukefcef;oGm;&wJhtwGuf 'DtocFw"mwf edAÁmefudk ]&m*\ukef&mukefaMumif; a'go\ukef&mukefaMumif; arm[\ukef&mukefaMumif;w&m;}vdkY ac:qdkjcif; jzpfygw,f/ 'guawmh q&mjrwftm;vHk;wdkY&JUoabmwlnDrI &&Sdxm;wJh tqHk;tjzwf wpfck jzpfygw,f}} - qkdNyD;oar®m[0daem'eDt|uxmBuD;u &Sif;jyxm;ygw,f/

tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwf edAÁmefw&m;awmfjrwfBuD;udk tm½Hk,lNyD;awmh t&d,r*fÓPf zdkvfÓPfawG[m jzpfay:vmMuygw,f/ t&d,r*fzdkvfwdkY&JU tm½HkjzpfwJh 'DtocFw"mwf edAÁmefw&m;awmfjrwfBuD;utm½HktjzpfESifh &yfwnfum tm&r®Pypö,owådESifh aus;Zl;jyKay;vdkufwJhtwGuf t&d,r*fÓPfESifh edAÁmefwdkY aygif;qHkrdwJhtcgrSm t&d,r*fÓPfu tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwf edAÁmefw&m;awmfjrwfBuD;&JUat;csrf;wJh "mwfaiGUt&Sdeft0gowådxl;BuD;&JU tultnDudk &,lvsufudavomtylrD;awGudk tqifhqifh Nid§rf;owfvdkufygw,f/ xdktcgrSmtxl;ojzifh t&[wår*fqdkufa&mufwJhtcgrSm udavomtylrD;[lorQtukefvHk; Nidrf;at;oGm;Muygw,f/

'DudavomtylrD;wdkY&JU Nidrf;at;rIudkyJ oOyg'daooedAÁmefvdkYvnf;ac:w,f? udavoy&dedAÁmefvdkYvnf; ac:qdkygw,f/ 'gaMumifh 'D oOyg'daooedAÁmef udavoy&dedAÁmefwdkYrSm t&d,r*fÓPfqdkwJh taMumif;w&m;ç tocFwedAÁmefqdkwJh taMumif;w&m;awG &Sdaeygw,f/ tqifhqifhaom t&d,r*fw&m;awGu tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwfedAÁmefudktm½kH,lí rjzpfay:vmcJhvQif 'Dudavom tylrD;wdkY&JU Nidrf;at;rIqdkwmrjzpfEdkifygbl;/ 'gaMumifh - oOyg'daooedAÁmef odkYr[kwf udavoy&dedAÁmef[m taMumif;w&m; xif&Sm;&SdwJh w&m;rsKd;om jzpfygw,f/

tvm;wlyJ tEkyg'daooedAÁmef odkYr[kwf cEy&dedAÁmefqdkwmvnf;


taMumif;w&m; xif&Sm;&dSwJh w&m;rsKd;om jzpfygw,f/ bmtaMumif;w&m;vJ¿ t&d,r*fESifh tocFwedAÁmefwdkY aygif;qHkrdwJhtcg t&d,r*faMumifh udavomawGu aemifwpfzefrjzpfaom csKyfjcif;vdkY ac:qdktyfwJh tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfoGm;w,f? udavoy&dedAÁmefodkYr[kwf oOyg'daooedAÁmefodkY qdkufa&mufoGm;w,f/ udavomqdkwJhtaygif;tazmfudk &&SdygrSç txl;ojzifh b0wpfcktay:rSm wG,fwmwyfrufrIqdkwJh wPSmtpdk"mwf tap;"mwf &SdygrS uHawGu tusKd;ay;EdkifwJh pGrf;tm;&Sdygw,f/ 'Dvdk udavomawGu csKyfNidrf;oGm;wJhtwGufçb0tay:rSm wG,fwmwyfrufrIqdkwJh wPSm tpdk"mwf tap;"mwfr&SdwJhtwGuf uHawGrSm b0udk jzpfapEdkifwJh pGrf;tifawG ukefcef;oGm;Muw,f/ 'gaMumifh txl;ojzifh t&[wår*fudk ]]ukovmukovH Z[H= ukodkvfw&m; tukodkvfw&m;tm;vHk;udk y,fpGefYw,f}} qdkNyD; *kPfwifum csD;rGrf;Mujcif; jzpfw,f/ uH-udavomawG ukefcef;oGm;wJhtwGufçb0opfqdkwJh cE¨mig;yg;udk jzpfapEdkifwJh pGrf;tifawG ukefcef;oGm;wJhtwGuf y&dedAÁmepkwdudk aemufqHk;xm;NyD; cE¨mig;yg;wdkYvnf; tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh aemifwpfzefrjzpfaom csKyfjcif;jzifh csKyfNidrf;oGm;Muw,f/ cE¨y&dedAÁmef odkYr[kwf tEkyg'daooedAÁmefodkY qdkufa&mufoGm;Muw,f/

'gaMumifh - 'DcEy&dedAÁmef odkYr[kwf tEkyg'daooedAÁmefrSm t&d,r*fESifh txl;ojzifh t&[wår*fESifh tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwf edAÁmefqdkwJh taMumif;w&m;awG xif&Sm;&Sdaeygw,f/

'gayrJh tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwf edAÁmefrSmawmh bmtaMumif;w&m;rQ r&Sdygbl;/ b,fvdk taMumif;w&m;awGurS jyKjyifvdkY jzpfay:vm&wJh w&m;vnf; r[kwfwJhtwGuf tocFwedAÁmefvdkY ac:qdkjcif;jzpfygw,f/ 'D tocFwtNidrf;"mwf edAÁmefw&m;awmfjrwfBuD;u t&d,r*fÓPf zdkvfÓPfwdkYjzifhom xdk;xGif;odtyfwhJ rsufarSmufjyKtyfwJh


w&m;jzpfygw,f/ odkYaomf - udavoy&dedAÁmef (= oOyg'daooedAÁmef)ESifh cEy&dedAÁmef (= tEkyg'daooedAÁmef)uawmh ckvdk O',AÁ,ÓPfydkif;a&mufwJhtcg O',AÁ,mEkyóemÓPfuJhodkYaom 0dyóemÓPfwdkYjzifhxdk;xGif;odtyfwJh w&m;rsKd;om jzpfygw,f/

'gaMumifh 'Dvdk t0dZÆm-wPSm-Oyg'gef-ocFg&-uHqdkwJh taMumif;w&m;awG&JU t&[wår*faMumifh aemifwpfzef rjzpfaomcsKyfjcif;vdkYac:qdktyfwJh tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;jcif;aMumifh tusKd;cE¨mig;yg;wdkYvnf; y&dedAÁmepkwdudk aemufqHk;xm;NyD; aemifwpfzefrjzpfaom csKyfjcif;vdkY ac:qdktyfwJh tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;rIudk ½IjrifwwfwJh 0dyóemÓPfudk 0dok'dr*¾t|uxmq&mawmfu ypö,awm 0,'óeÓPfqdkNyD; ac:a0:oHk;pJGxm;ygw,f/

(0dok'd-2-267/)

'gaMumihf 0dok'dr*¾t|uxmu --

ypö,awm 0,'óaee eda&m"opöH ygu#H a[mwd ypö,m-EkyÜga'e ypö,0wH tEkyÜg'g0aAm"awm/ (0dok'd-2-267/)

taMumif;w&m;tm;jzifh tysufudk (= tcsKyf)udk ½Ijrifjcif;jzifh eda&m"opömw&m;onf a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JU todÓPfrSm xif&Sm;vmygw,f/bmaMumifhvJ¿ t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uH - qdkwJh taMumif;w&m;awG&JU tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;oGm;jcif;aMumifhtaMumif;w&m;&SdygrS jzpfay:vmEdkifpGrf;&SdMuwJh tusKd;cE¨mig;yg;wdkY&JUtEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;rIudk ypö,awm 0,'óeÓPfjzifh xdk;xGif;odjrifjcif;aMumifh tJ'Da,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JU todÓPfrSmeda&m"opöm[m xif&Sm;vmygw,fvdkY zGifhqdkxm;w,f/ t*FkwådK&f wduedygwf wdw¬m,weokwåefrSm bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJh eda&m"opömrsKd; jzpfygw,f/ avmuD0dyóemÓPfjzifh xdk;xGif;odtyfwJheda&m"opömw&m; jzpfygw,f/


wpfzef 'ku©opöm xif&Sm;vmyHk

aemufwpfck - cPawm 0,'óeÓPftaMumif;udk ajymMu&atmif/ cEmig;yg;wdkY&JU cPrpJ woJoJ NydKNydKysufysufaewJhoabmudk0dyóemÓPfjzifh ½IjrifwJhtwGuf a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf[m r&P'ku©udkxdk;xGif;odNyD; jzpfoGm;w,f/ 'Dvdk cE¨mwdkY&JU cPrpJ woJoJ aoausysufpD;aewJh r&P'ku©udk xdk;xGif;odjrifwJhtwGuf 'DvdkodaewJhtcgrSma,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JU todÓPfrSm 'ku©opömw&m;onfyif xyfNyD;xif&Sm;vmjyefw,f/ cEmwdkY&JUZmwd'ku©udk odjrifwkef;uvnf; a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JU todÓPfrSm 'ku©opömw&m;[m xif&Sm;aeygw,f/ ckwpfcg 'DcE¨mawG&JU aoausysufpD;jcif; r&P'ku©udk xdk;xGif;odjyefwJhtcgrSmvnf; r&P'ku©udk xdk;xGif;odwJhtwGuf - r&PrÜd 'ku©H -qdkwJhtwdkif; 'ku©opömw&m;yJ xyfNyD; xif&Sm;vmygw,f/

avmuDr*¾opömw&m; xif&Sm;vmyHk

aemufwpfck - r*¾opömtaMumif;udkvnf; t|uxmu qufvufNyD; &Sif;jyxm;jyefw,f/ b,fvdk&Sif;jyxm;ovJ¿ --

,Íöó O',AÁ,'óeH? ra*¾g0g,H avmudaumwd r*¾opöH ygu#Ha[mwd wMw oar®m[0dCmwawm/ (0dok'd-2-268/)

tó = tó = tó = tó = tó = xdka,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf\/ ypö,awm p = ypö,awm p = ypö,awm p = ypö,awm p = ypö,awm p = taMumif;w&m;tm;jzifhvnf;aumif;/ cPawm p = cPawm p = cPawm p = cPawm p = cPawm p = cPtm;jzifhvnf;aumif;/ ,H ,H ,H ,H ,HO',AÁ,'óeH =O',AÁ,'óeH =O',AÁ,'óeH =O',AÁ,'óeH =O',AÁ,'óeH = taMumif;w&m;ESifhwuGaom cE¨mig;yg;wdkY\ jzpfjcif; ysufjcif; O',AÁ,wdkYudk ½Ijrifjcif;onf/ tw¬d = tw¬d = tw¬d = tw¬d = tw¬d = &Sd\/ t,H = t,H = t,H = t,H = t,H =þ½Ijrifwwfaom rawGra0 odwwfonfh toar®m[ jy"mef;aomraem'Gg&du 0dyóemaZm0Dxd emrfw&m;pkü wnf&Sdaom r*¾ifw&m;udk,f ig;yg;onf/ avmudaum = avmudaum = avmudaum = avmudaum = avmudaum = avmuDjzpfaom/ ra*¾g0 = ra*¾g0 = ra*¾g0 = ra*¾g0 = ra*¾g0 = r*¾if


w&m;onfomvQif/ a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = jzpf\/ £wd wo®m = £wd wo®m = £wd wo®m = £wd wo®m = £wd wo®m = xdkYaMumifh/r*¾opöH =r*¾opöH =r*¾opöH =r*¾opöH =r*¾opöH = r*¾opömonf/ ygu#H = ygu#H = ygu#H = ygu#H = ygu#H = xif&Sm;vmonf/ a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = jzpf\/uo®m =uo®m =uo®m =uo®m =uo®m = tb,faMumifhenf;[lrlum;/ wMw = wMw = wMw = wMw = wMw = xdktaMumif;w&m;ESifhwuGaom cEmig;yg;wdkY\ O',AÁ,ü/ oar®m[0dCmwawm = oar®m[0dCmwawm = oar®m[0dCmwawm = oar®m[0dCmwawm = oar®m[0dCmwawm = awGa0jcif; rodjcif; oar®m[w&m;udk w'*Ftm;jzifh y,fowfwwfaomaMumifhwnf;/ (0dok'd-2-268/)

taMumif;w&m;tm;jzifhvnf;aumif;ç cPtm;jzifhvnf;aumif;cEmig;yg;wdkY\ jzpfjcif; - ysufjcif;(= csKyfjcif;)udk ½Ijrifwwfaom O',-AÁ,mEkyóemÓPfqdkwm ykxkZef aou© olawmfaumif;wdkY\ oEÅmefrSm r[mukodkvfraem'Gg&du 0dyóemaZm0Dxd pdwftpOf emrfw&m;pkwdkYom jzpfMuygw,f/

a,bk,stm;jzifh --

todpdwf - 1-vHk;tnormef;apwoduf - 13-vHk;aombPom"m&Papwoduf - 19-vHk;yndaÈápwoduf - 1-vHk;

tm;vHk;aygif;aomf aZmtoD;toD;ü (34)vHk;aom emrfw&m;wdkYyg0ifMuw,f/ ,if;emrfw&m;pkwkdYrSm ,if;cEmwdkY&JU ESpfrsKd;aom O',-AÁ,udk rawGra0 odwwfwJh toar®m[ac:wJh yndaÈápwodufujy"mef;vsuf OD;aqmifvsuf&dSw,f/ tJ'Demrfw&m;pkxJrSm --

1/ or®m'd|d = tJ'DcE¨mwdkY&JU O',AÁ,udk ESpfrsKd;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh (taMumif;w&m;tm;jzifh + cPtm;jzifh)xdk;xGif;odjrifjcif;oabm?

2/ or®mouFyÜ = ,if;cE¨mwdkY&JU O',AÁ,tm½kHay:odkY 0dyóempdwfukd a&S;½SLwifay;jcif;oabm?


3/ or®m0g,mr = ,if;cE¨mwdkY&JU O',AÁ,udk rawGra0 odatmifBudK;pm;tm;xkwfjcif;oabm?

4/ or®mowd = ,if;cE¨mwdkY&JU O',AÁ,udk atmufarhjcif; trSwf&aejcif;oabm?

5/ or®morm"d = ,if;cE¨mwdkY&JU O',AÁ,tm½kHü bm0empdwf&JU Nidrf0yfpGm uyfNyD; wnfaejcif;oabm --

aygif;vdkufawmh avmuDr*¾ifw&m;udk,f ig;yg; jzpfygw,f/ bm0emudk ryGm;rD yGm;rsm;qJtcgwdkYü vkHjcHKpGm xdef;odrf;apmifha&Smufxm;wJhoDvr*¾if (3)yg;udkyg xnfhoGif;a&wGufvQifawmh avmuDr*¾if (8)yg;jzpfygw,f/ 'gayrJh 'DoDvr*¾if (3)yg;u 0dyóemÓPfESifh pdwåu©Pwpfck twGif;rSm twl,SOfwJGNyD; rjzpfygbl;/ 'gaMumifh 0dyóemtcdkufrSmawmh avmuDr*¾ifw&m;udk,f ig;yg;yJ 0dyóemÓPfESifh ,SOfwJGNyD;jzpfMuygw,f/

a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu tJ'D0dyóemaZm0DxdpdwftpOf emrfw&m;pkudkvnf;wpfzefjyefNyD;awmh 0dyóem ½I&ygw,f/ tJ'Dvdk ½IEdkifwJhtcgrSm 'Dr*¾ifw&m;udk,f ig;yg;qdkwJh avmuDr*¾opömw&m;[m xdka,m*Dyk*¾dKvf&JUtodÓPfrSm xif&Sm;vmygw,f/ bmaMumifh 'Dr*¾ifw&m;udk,f ig;yg;udkr*¾opömvdkY ac:a0:oHk;pJG&ovJvdkYar;vQif taMumif;w&m;ESifhwuGaomcEmig;yg;wdkY&JU O',AÁ,udk rodatmifzHk;vTrf;xm;wJh oar®m[w&m;udk'D0dyóemÓPf jy"mef;wJh r*¾ifw&m;udk,fig;yg;u w'*Ftm;jzifh y,f&Sm;EdkifwJhtwGufaMumifh r*fvdkYyJ ac:ygw,f/ w'*Ftm;jzifh udavomawGudk y,fowfwwfvdkY 'DavmuDr*¾ifw&m;udk,f ig;yg;udk avmuDr*¾opömw&m;vdkY ac:qdkjcif; jzpfygw,f/ avmuDr*¾ifawG[mvnf; udavomawGudk w'*Ftm;jzifh y,fowfNyD; edAÁmefbufudk vSrf;ajrmfajy;oGm;aewJh (edAÁmefodkY ra&mufao;wJh) w&m;pkawGomjzpfvdkY avmuDr*¾opömw&m;vdkY emrnfwyfxm;ygw,f/


0dyóemÓPftcdkufrSm opömav;yg; xif&Sm;vmyHkudk ajymNyD;wJhtcg y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;rsm; 0dyóemÓPftcdkuf xif&Sm;vmyHkudkvnf; qufvufNyD; emMum;Mu&atmif .../

y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;rsm; xif&Sm;vmyHk

tEkavmry#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m; xif&Sm;vmyHk

ypö,awm pó O','óaee tEkavmarm y#dpöorkyÜga'gygua#m a[mwd? ]]£ro®ð owd £'H a[mwD}}wd t0aAm"awm/

(0dok'd-2-268/)

ypö,awm O','óaee =ypö,awm O','óaee =ypö,awm O','óaee =ypö,awm O','óaee =ypö,awm O','óaee = taMumif;w&m;wdkY\ xif&Sm;jzpfjcif;aMumifh tusKd;w&m;wdkY\ xif&Sm;jzpfyHkudk 0dyóemÓPfjzifh ½Ijrifjcif;aMumifh/ tó = tó = tó = tó = tó = xdka,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf\ todÓPfü/ tEkavmarm tEkavmarm tEkavmarm tEkavmarm tEkavmarmy#dpöorkyÜga'g =y#dpöorkyÜga'g =y#dpöorkyÜga'g =y#dpöorkyÜga'g =y#dpöorkyÜga'g = tEkavmry#dpöorkyÜg'f oabmw&m;onf/ ygu- ygu- ygu- ygu- ygu-a#ma#ma#ma#ma#m ===== xif&Sm;vmonf/ a[mwda[mwda[mwda[mwda[mwd ===== jzpf\/ uo®muo®muo®muo®muo®m ===== tb,faMumifhenf;[lrlum;/ ]]£ro®ð =£ro®ð =£ro®ð =£ro®ð =£ro®ð = þt0dZÆm paom taMumif;w&m;onf/ owd owd owd owd owd===== &Sdvwfaomf/ £'H = £'H = £'H = £'H = £'H = þocFg&paom tusKd;w&m;onf/ a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd =jzpf\/}} £wd = £wd = £wd = £wd = £wd = þodkY/ t0aAm"awm = t0aAm"awm = t0aAm"awm = t0aAm"awm = t0aAm"awm = xkd;xGif;í odjrifjcif;aMumifh/tEkavmarm y#dpöorkyÜga'g =tEkavmarm y#dpöorkyÜga'g =tEkavmarm y#dpöorkyÜga'g =tEkavmarm y#dpöorkyÜga'g =tEkavmarm y#dpöorkyÜga'g = tEkavmry#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;onf/ ygua#m = ygua#m = ygua#m = ygua#m = ygua#m = xif&Sm;onf/ a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = jzpf\/

]]t0dZÆmjzpfjcif;aMumifh (ur®Z½kyf) ½lyu©E¨m jzpf\}} ...

ponfjzifh t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uH pwJh taMumif;w&m;awG xif&Sm; jzpfjcif;aMumifh cE¨mig;yg;wdkY xif&Sm; jzpfay:vmyHkudk0dyóemÓPfjzifh ½Ijrifr,fqdkvQif xdka,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JUtodÓPfrSmtEkavmry#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;[m v,fjyifrSm qifoGm;ovdkxif&Sm;aeygw,fwJh/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ --


]]þtaMumif;w&m;onf xif&Sm;&Sdvwfaomf þtusKd;w&m;onfxif&Sm;jzpf\}} --

'Dvdk - enf;rSefvrf;rSef 0dyóemÓPfESifh udk,fwdkifrsufarSmufxGif;azmufodjrifaewJhtwGufaMumifh tEkavmry#dpöorkyÜg'f oabmw&m;[m xdka,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JUtodÓPfrSm xif&Sm;vmjcif;jzpfw,f/'Dae&mrSm - t0aAm"awm = 0dyóemÓPfjzifh udk,fwdkifrsufarSmufxGif;azmufodjrifjcif;aMumifhvdkY taMumif;jyxm;wJhtwGuf olrsm;tajymESifh vGrf;NyD;od&wJh todrsKd; (= oifodrsKd;) udkawmh rqdkvdkbl;vdkYrSwfyg/ tEkavmry#dpöorkyÜg'f oabmw&m;qdkwmu bmvJ¿ --

]]t0dZÆmypö,m ocFg&m? ocFg&ypö,m 0dnmPH}}ponfjzifh a[mMum;xm;awmfrltyfwJhç oHo&m0#f vnfywfyHk jzpfpOfudk ñTefjywJh ]]t0dZÆmaMumifh ocFg&jzpf\? ocFg&aMumifh 0dnmPfjzpf\}} ponfjzifh a[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJh y#dpöorkyÜg'f jzpfpOfa'oemawmf jzpfygw,f/ t*FkwådK&fygVdawmf wduedygwf wdw¬m,weokwåefrSm (tH-1-178/) bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJh ork',opömtrnf&wJh y#dpöorkyÜg'fa'oemawmfenf; jzpfygw,f/

y#davmry#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m; xif&Sm;vmyHk

aemufwpfckuawmh y#davmry#dpöorkyÜg'f oabmw&m; xif&Sm;vmyHktydkif; jzpfygw,f/ 'Dtydkif;udk - t|uxmq&mawmfu 'Dvdk&Sif;vif;wifjyxm;ygw,f/ --

ypö,awm 0,'óaee y#davmarm y#dpöorkyÜga'g ygua#ma[mwd? ]]£ró eda&m"m £'H ed½kZÑwD}}wd t0aAm"awm/

(0dok'd-2-268/)

ypö,awm 0,'óaee =ypö,awm 0,'óaee =ypö,awm 0,'óaee =ypö,awm 0,'óaee =ypö,awm 0,'óaee = t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uHpaom taMumif;w&m;wdkY\ tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;


jcif;aMumifh tusKd;cE¨mig;yg;wdkY\ tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;yHkudk ypö,awm 0,'óeÓPfjzifh ½Ijrifjcif;aMumifh/ tó = tó = tó = tó = tó =xdka,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JU todÓPfü/ y#davmarm y#dpöorkyÜga'g = y#davmarm y#dpöorkyÜga'g = y#davmarm y#dpöorkyÜga'g = y#davmarm y#dpöorkyÜga'g = y#davmarm y#dpöorkyÜga'g =y#davmr y#dpöorkyÜg'fw&m;onf/ ygua#m = ygua#m = ygua#m = ygua#m = ygua#m = xif&Sm;vmonf/a[mwd =a[mwd =a[mwd =a[mwd =a[mwd = jzpf\/ uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = tb,faMumifhenf;[lrlum;/ ]]£ró =£ró =£ró =£ró =£ró =þt0dZÆmpaomtaMumif;w&m;\/ eda&m"m = eda&m"m = eda&m"m = eda&m"m = eda&m"m = tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfjcif;aMumifh/ £'H = £'H = £'H = £'H = £'H = þocFg&paom tusKd;w&m;onf/ed½kZÑwd =ed½kZÑwd =ed½kZÑwd =ed½kZÑwd =ed½kZÑwd = tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyf\/}} £wd =£wd =£wd =£wd =£wd = þodkY/t0aAm"awm =t0aAm"awm =t0aAm"awm =t0aAm"awm =t0aAm"awm = 0dyóemÓPfjzifh udk,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifjcif;aMumifh/ y#davmarmy#davmarmy#davmarmy#davmarmy#davmarm y#dpöorkyÜga'gy#dpöorkyÜga'gy#dpöorkyÜga'gy#dpöorkyÜga'gy#dpöorkyÜga'g ===== y#davmry#dpöorkyÜg'fw&m;onf/ ygua#m = ygua#m = ygua#m = ygua#m = ygua#m = xif&Sm;onf/ a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = jzpf\/

a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uH pwJhtaMumif;w&m;awGu aemifwpfzef rjzpfaom csKyfjcif;vdkY ac:qdktyfwJh tEkyÜg'eda&m" oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;oGm;wJhtwGuf tusKd;cEmig;yg;wdkYvnf;y&dedAÁmepkwdudk aemufqHk;xm;NyD; aemifwpfzef rjzpfaom csKyfjcif;vdkYac:qdktyfwJh tEkyÜg'eda&m" oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;oGm;MuyHkudkypö,awm 0,'óe-ÓPfvdkY ac:qdktyfwJh 0dyóemÓPfESifh udk,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifwJhtwGuf tJ'Da,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JUtodÓPfrSm y#davmry#dpöorkyÜg'f oabmw&m;[m xif&Sm;vmygw,fwJh/ bmaMumifhvJ¿

]]þtaMumif;w&m;\ tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfjcif;aMumifh þtusKd;w&m;onf tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyf\}}

'Dvdk 0dyóemor®m'd|dÓPfESifh udk,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifaewJhtwGufaMumifhyJ jzpfw,f/

'Dvdk odaewJhae&mrSmvnf; olrsm;tajymESifh tvGrf;BuD; vGrf;ç


taqG;BuD; aqG;ç tai;BuD; ai;ç tawG;BuD; awG;NyD; odae&wJh oifodrsKd;awmh r[kwfbl;aemf/ 0dyóemor®m'd|dvdkY ac:qdktyfwJh or®m'd|dÓPfynmESifhç udk,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifwJh twåypöu©ÓPfESifh odjrifrIrsKd;udkom qdkvdkygw,f/ upömea*gwåokwåefrSm 'DtcsufESifhywfoufvdkY jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifu b,fvdka[mMum;xm;awmfrlovJ¿

ty&ypö,m ÓPar0ó {w¬ a[mwd/ (oH-1-258/)

'Dvdk a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/ t|uxmuvnf; --

ty&yÜpö,mwd e y&yÜpöa,e? tnó tywåd,ma,wGm twå-ypöu©ÓPar0ó {w¬ a[mwd/ (oH-|-2-32/)

'Dvdk zGifhqdkxm;ygw,f/ #Dumq&mawmfuvnf; --

e y&yÜpöa,emwd y&ó to'´[aee/ (oH-#D-2-38/)

'DvdkzGifhqdkxm;ygw,f/ 'Dt|uxm-#DumtzGifhawGESifhtnD txufu &GwfzwfcJhwJh ygVdawmfudk bmomjyefqdkr,fqdkvQif 'Dvdk jzpfygw,f/

{w¬ ={w¬ ={w¬ ={w¬ ={w¬ = þcE¨mig;yg;[kqkdtyfwJh 'ku©\jzpfjcif; 'ku©\csKyfjcif;ü/tó =tó =tó =tó =tó = xkda,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf\ oEÅmefü/ ty&ypö,m = ty&ypö,m = ty&ypö,m = ty&ypö,m = ty&ypö,m = olwpfyg;wkdYtm; ukd;pm;,kHMunfrI r&Sdojzifh/ ÓPar0 = ÓPar0 = ÓPar0 = ÓPar0 = ÓPar0 = ukd,fwkdifrsufarSmufxGif;azmufodjrifaom twåypöu©ÓPf[k ac:qkdtyfwJh 0dyóemor®m'd|dÓPfonfomvQif/ a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = jzpfay:íaeay\/

'Da'oemawmft& a,m*g0p&&[ef;awmfu t0dZÆmç wPSmçOyg'gefç ocFg&ç uHpwJh taMumif;w&m;awG xif&Sm;jzpfjcif;aMumifhtusKd;cEmig;yg; 'ku©opömw&m;&JU jzpfykHç t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg&uH - pwJh taMumif;w&m;awG&JU aemifwpfzef rjzpfaom csKyfjcif;(tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;jcif;) aMumifh tusKd;cEmig;yg;


'ku©opömw&m;wkdY&JU aemifwpfzefrjzpfaom csKyfjcif; (tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;ykH) ukd odwJhtykdif;rSm olwpfyg;wkdYukd ukd;pm;,kHMunfNyD;odwJh todrsKd; r[kwfbl;/ 0dyóemor®m'd|djzpfwJh twåypöu©ÓPfESifh ukd,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifjcif;om jzpfw,fvkdYrSwfyg/ 0dyóembm0emur®|mef;ukd tywfwukwf BudK;pm;tm;xkwfaewJhyk*¾dKvf[m ]]0dyóemÓPfESifh ig xkd;xGif;odjrifatmif ½I&rnfhw&m;awG[m b,fw&m;awGjzpfw,f}} qkdwmukdawmh em;vnfxm;oifhygw,f/ 'grSvnf; odatmif usifhEkdifrSm jzpfw,f/

'Dae&mrSm oHo&m&JUcsKyfpOfukd azmfjywJh t0dZÆm, awG0 taoo-0d&m*eda&m"m ocFg&eda&ma"m ponfjzifh a[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJha'oemawmfukd y#davmry#dpöorkyÜg'fqkdNyD; ac:a0:okH;pGJxm;ygw,f/t0dZÆm&JU t&[wår*faMumifh t<uif;tusefr&Sd csKyfNidrf;oGm;jcif;aMumifhocFg&csKyf\? ocFg&csKyfjcif;aMumifh 0dnmPfcsKyf\ ponfjzifh vnfywfaewJh oHo&mpuf&[wfBuD; rvnfywfEkdifawmhbJ oHo&mpuf&[wf&JUtjrpfjywfcsKyfNidrf;ykHukd ñTefjywJha'oemawmf jzpfygw,f/ 'DcsKyfNidrf;ykHtpOfukdyJ eda&m"opömtrnfESifh ckeu opömav;yg;tykdif;rSm &Sif;jycJhwm jzpfygw,f/ (tH-1-178 - wdw¬m,weokwåef/)

aemufxyf y#davmry#dpöorkyÜg'f a'oemawmf wpfrsKd; &Sdygao;w,f/ ]]Z&mr&Ponf bmaMumifhjzpfovJ¿ ZmwdaMumifh jzpfw,f/Zmwdonf bmaMumifhjzpfovJ¿ b0aMumifh jzpfw,f/ b0onf bmaMumifh jzpfovJ¿ Oyg'gefaMumifh jzpfw,f}} ponfjzifh t0dZÆmokdYwkdifatmif ajymif;jyeftm;jzifh oHo&mpuf&[wf vnfywfykHukd a[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJh y#dpöorkyÜg'fa'oemawmfukdvnf; y#davmry#dpöorkyÜg'fvkdYyJ ac:ygw,f/ 'DoHo&mjzpfpOfukd ajymif;jyefa[mwJh y#dpöorkyÜg'fukdawmh 'Dtykdif;rSm eda&m"opömvkdY rqkdvkdygbl;/


y#dpöorkyÜEéw&m;rsm; xif&Sm;vmykHaemufwpfckuawmh y#dpöorkyÜEéw&m;rsm; xif&Sm;vmykHtykdif; jzpfyg

w,f/ t|uxmu b,fvkd &Sif;vif;zGifhqkdxm;ovJ¿ --

cPawm ye O',AÁ,'óaee y#dpöorkyÜEém "r®m ygu#m a[mEÅdocFwvu©Pm0aAm"awm/ (0dok'd-2-268/)

cPawm =cPawm =cPawm =cPawm =cPawm = cPtm;jzifh/ O',AÁ,'óaee = O',AÁ,'óaee = O',AÁ,'óaee = O',AÁ,'óaee = O',AÁ,'óaee = cE¨mig;yg;wkdY\jzpfjcif;ysufjcif; O',AÁ,ukd 0dyóemÓPfjzifh ½Ijrifjcif;jzifh/ y#dpö- y#dpö- y#dpö- y#dpö- y#dpö-orkyÜEém "r®m =orkyÜEém "r®m =orkyÜEém "r®m =orkyÜEém "r®m =orkyÜEém "r®m = taMumif;w&m;ukd tpGJjyKí jzpfay:vmMuukefaomtusKd;w&m;[lonfh y#dpöorkyÜEéw&m;wkdYonf/ ygu#m = ygu#m = ygu#m = ygu#m = ygu#m = xif&Sm;vmukefonf/ a[mEÅd = a[mEÅd = a[mEÅd = a[mEÅd = a[mEÅd = jzpfukef\/ uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = tb,faMumifhenf;[lrlum;/ocFwvu©Pm0aAm"awm =ocFwvu©Pm0aAm"awm =ocFwvu©Pm0aAm"awm =ocFwvu©Pm0aAm"awm =ocFwvu©Pm0aAm"awm = ocFwvu©Pmukd 0dyóemÓPfjzifhxkd;xGif;í odjcif;aMumifhwnf;/

t*FkwådK&f wduedygwf ocFwvu©PokwåefrSm ocFww&m;wdkif;rSmocFww&m;vdkY odavmufwJhtrSwftom; oHk;ck&dSaMumif;udk a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/ ocFww&m;qdkwmuawmh taMumif;w&m;awGujyKjyifay;vdkY jzpfay:vm&wJh w&m;vdkY qkdvkdygw,f/ tocFw"mwftNidrf;"mwfedAÁmef&JU qefYusifbuf pdwf+apwoduf+½kyf-qkdwJh y&rwfw&m;awGukd ocFww&m;awGvYkd ac:qkdygw,f/ vu©PmokH;yg;u -

1/ OyÜga'g ynm,wd?2/ 0a,m ynm,wd?3/ Xdwó tnxwåH ynm,wd/ (tH-1-150/)

1/ Oyg'f = jzpfrI2/ 0, = ysufrI3/ Xdwó tnxwå = wnfaeaomw&m;&JU ysufjcif;bifbufokdY

,kdifvJaejcif;qkdwJh tjcif;t&mwpfrsKd;jzpfrI = wnfrI --


tm;vkH;aygif;vkdufawmh ocFww&m;wkdif;rSm 'D jzpfrI-wnfrI-ysufrIqkdwJh trSwftom;vu©Pm okH;yg;pD &Sdygw,f/

a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvfu cEmig;yg; = ½kyfemrfw&m;wkdYukdç wpfenf;ajym&vQifawmh --

oyÜpö,emr½ly0aoe wdvu©PH tma&maywGm 0dyóem-y#dyg#d,m ]]tedpö 'ku©H tewåm}}wd or®oaEÅm 0dp&wd/ (r-|-1-281/)

qdkwJh t|uxmwkdY&JU ñTefMum;csufESifhtnD taMumif;w&m;ESifhwuGaom cEmig;yg; ½kyfemrfw&m;wkdYukd vu©Pma&;okH;wef wpfvSnfhpDwifum 0dyóembm0em ur®|mef;ukd pD;jzef;aewJhtcg ,if;taMumif;w&m;ESifhwuGaom cE¨mig;yg; ½kyfemrfw&m;wkdY&JU cPrpJ woJoJ jzpfaerI ysufaerI (= jzpfrIysufrI = tjzpfESifhtysuf) ukd 0dyóemÓPfjzifhjrifatmif aphaphikik ½IyGm;okH;oyf&ygw,f/

tJ'Dvkd 0dyóem½IvkdufwJhtcg taMumif;w&m;ESihfwuGaom cEmig;yg; (= ½kyfemrfw&m;)vkdY ac:qkdtyfwJh ocFg&w&m;wkdY&JU jzpfrIysufrIukdcPypöKyÜefokdY qkdufatmif 0dyóemÓPfu jrifawGUNyDqkdvQif xdktcgrSmxkda,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf[m t*FkwådK&f wduedygwf ocFwvu©PokwåefrSmbk&m;&Sif a[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJh ocFww&m; (= ocFg&w&m;)wkdY&JUjzpf-wnf-ysufqkdwJh ocFwvu©Pmukd xkd;xGif;odNyD;jzpfygw,f/ ocFwvu©Pm[m tJ'Da,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JU todÓPfrSm xif&Sm;vmygw,f/'Dvkd ocFg&w&m;wkdY&JU ocFwvu©Pmukd xkd;xGif;odwJhtwGuf jzpf-wnf-ysufqkdwJh ocFwvu©Pm&SdwJh ocFww&m; (= ocFg&w&m;)awGukdvnf; xkd;xGif;odjrifNyD;om jzpfygw,f/

ocFww&m; (= ocFg&w&m;) qkdwmu qkdif&m qkdif&m taMumif;w&m;awGu aygif;pkjyKjyifay;ygrS jzpfay:vm&wJh taMumif;w&m;ESifhwuGaom cE¨mig;yg; ½kyfemrfw&m;awG jzpfMuygw,f/ opöma'oem


awmfenf;t& 'ku©opömw&m;ESifh ork',opömw&m;rsm; jzpfMuygw,f/ ork',opömw&m;awGrSmvnf; jzpfay:vmatmif jyKjyifay;aewJh qkdif&m qkdif&m taMumif;w&m;awG &SdMuygw,f/

Oyrm - y#dpöorkyÜg'fa'oemawmfrSm bk&m;&Sifu - a0'emypö,mwPSm = a0'emaMumifh wPSmqkdwJh ork',opömw&m; jzpfay:vmaMumif;ukd a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/ 'gaMumifh - 'DocFww&m;(= ocFg&w&m;)awG[m taMumif;w&m; xif&Sm;&SdaewJh tusKd;w&m;awGom jzpfMuygw,f/ 'Dvkd taMumif;w&m; xif&Sm;&SdaewJh tusKd;w&m;awGukd y#dpöorkyÜEé"r® = y#dpöorkyÜEéw&m;vkdY ac:qkdygw,f/a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvfu cPawm O',AÁ,'óeÓPfvkdY ac:qkdtyfwJhO',AÁ,mEkyóemÓPfESifh ocFww&m; (= ocFg&w&m;)wkdY&JU jzpfrI-ysufrIukd cPypöKyÜefokdY ÓPftjrifqkdufatmif ½IyGm;oHk;oyfEdkifwJhtcgjzpf-wnf-ysufqkdwJh ocFwwkdY&JU vu©Pmukd xkd;xGif;odaewJhtwGufaMumifh tJ'Da,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JU todÓPfrSm y#dpöorkyÜEéw&m;awG[mxif&Sm;vmMuygw,f/ 'gaMumifh - t|uxmq&mawmfu qufNyD;&Sif;jyxm;jyefw,f/ --

O',AÁ,0aEÅm [d ocFwm? aw p y#dpöorkyÜEém/ (0dok'd-2-268/)

[d = [d = [d = [d = [d = rSef\/ ocFwm =ocFwm =ocFwm =ocFwm =ocFwm = ocFw y&rwfw&m;wkdYonf/ O',AÁ,- O',AÁ,- O',AÁ,- O',AÁ,- O',AÁ,-0aEÅm =0aEÅm =0aEÅm =0aEÅm =0aEÅm = jzpfjcif; (O',) oabmç ysufjcif; (0,) oabm &SdMuukef\/aw p ocFwm =aw p ocFwm =aw p ocFwm =aw p ocFwm =aw p ocFwm = xkdocFww&m;wkdYonfvnf;/ Z&mr&PH bdu©a0 Z&mr&PH bdu©a0 Z&mr&PH bdu©a0 Z&mr&PH bdu©a0 Z&mr&PH bdu©a0tedpö H ocFwH y#dpöorkyÜEéEÅ dtm'd0peawm =tedpö H ocFwH y#dpöorkyÜEéEÅ dtm'd0peawm =tedpö H ocFwH y#dpöorkyÜEéEÅ dtm'd0peawm =tedpö H ocFwH y#dpöorkyÜEéEÅ dtm'd0peawm =tedpö H ocFwH y#dpöorkyÜEéEÅ dtm'd0peawm = &[ef;wdkY ... Z&mr&Ponf (Zmwd-b0-Oyg'ge-wPSm-a0'em-zó-oVm,we-emr½ly-0dnmP-ocFg&onf) tedpöw&m;wnf;? taMumif;w&m;wkdYonf aygif;pkí jyKjyifay;ygrS jzpfay:vm&onfh ocFww&m;wnf;?taMumif;w&m;wkdYukd pJGrSDí jzpfay:vm&onhf y#dpöorkyÜEéw&m;wnf;?þokdYponfjzifh ed'ge0*¾oH,kwfygVdawmf ypö,okwåef (oH-1-264-265/)


ü bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;xm;awmfrljcif;aMumifh/ y#dpöorkyÜEém = y#dpöorkyÜEém = y#dpöorkyÜEém = y#dpöorkyÜEém = y#dpöorkyÜEém = y#dpöorkyÜEéw&m;wkdYonf/ a[mEdÅ =a[mEdÅ =a[mEdÅ =a[mEdÅ =a[mEdÅ = jzpfMuukef\/ £wd wo®m =£wd wo®m =£wd wo®m =£wd wo®m =£wd wo®m = xkdYaMumifh/cPawm =cPawm =cPawm =cPawm =cPawm = Oyg'f-XD-bif-[laom cPtm;jzihf/ O',AÁ,'óaee O',AÁ,'óaee O',AÁ,'óaee O',AÁ,'óaee O',AÁ,'óaee===== ocFg&w&m;wkdY\ jzpfrI-ysufrI O',-0,ukd O',AÁ,mEkyóemÓPfjzifh ½Ijrifjcif;jzifh/ y#dpöorkyÜEém "r®m = y#dpöorkyÜEém "r®m = y#dpöorkyÜEém "r®m = y#dpöorkyÜEém "r®m = y#dpöorkyÜEém "r®m = y#dpöorkyÜEéw&m;wkdYonf/tó =tó =tó =tó =tó = xkd½Iaeaom a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf\ todÓPfü/ ygu#m = ygu#m = ygu#m = ygu#m = ygu#m =xif&Sm;vmukefonf/ a[mEÅd = a[mEÅd = a[mEÅd = a[mEÅd = a[mEÅd = jzpfukef\/

qkdvkdwmuawmh - bk&m;&Sifonf ed'ge0*¾oH,kwfygVdawmf ypö,okwåefrSm Z&m-r&P (= tkdjcif;-aojcif;)[m Zmwdac:wJh y#doaE¨wnfae&jcif;ukd tpGJjyKí jzpfay:vm&w,f/ 'gaMumifh y#dpöorkyÜEéw&m;jzpfw,f/ wpfzef Zmwd[mvnf; ur®b0ac:wJh uHukd tpGJjyKíjzpfay:vm&wJh w&m;jzpfwJhtwGuf y#dpöorkyÜEéw&m;jzpfw,f ponfjzifh y#dpöorkyÜg'ft*Fg&yf toD;toD;ukd ocFg&okdYwkdifatmif y#dpöorkyÜEéw&m;rsm;tjzpf a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/

'gaMumifh a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu ocFg&w&m;awG&JU Oyg'f-XD-bifukdjrifatmif cPtm;jzifh jzpfrIysufrIukd jrifatmif O',AÁ,mEkyóemÓPfjzifh ½IyGm;okH;oyfvkdY jrifNyDqkdvQif tJ'Da,m*Dyk*¾dKvf[m ocFwvu©Pmukdxkd;xGif;odjrifNyD; jzpfygw,f/ tJ'Dvkd ocFwvu©Pmukd xkd;xGif;odjrifwJhtwGuf tJ'Da,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JU todÓPfxJrSm y#dpöorkyÜEéw&m;awG[m xif&Sm;vmygw,fvkdY qkdvkdygw,f/

enf;av;yg; xif&Sm;vmykH

1/ {uwåenf;

aemufxyf t|uxmq&mawmfu enf;av;yg; xif&Sm;vmykHukdvnf; qufvufNyD; &Sif;vif;wifjyxm;ygw,f/ 'Denf;av;yg;[mvnf;


0dyóembm0emur®|mef;ukd pD;jzef;aewJh a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvfwkdif; od&Sdxm;&rnfh odatmifusifh&rnfhenf;awGyJ jzpfMuygw,f/ a&S;OD;pGm {uwåenf;taMumif;ukd emMunfhMu&atmif .../

ypö,awm pó O','óaee {uwåea,m ygua#m a[mwda[wkzvorÁaEë oEÅmeó tEkyapä'g0aAm"awm/ (0dok'd-2-268/)

ypö,awm =ypö,awm =ypö,awm =ypö,awm =ypö,awm = taMumif;w&m;tm;jzifh/ O','óaee = O','óaee = O','óaee = O','óaee = O','óaee = jzpfjcif;(= O',)ukd ½Ijrifjcif;jzifh/ tó = tó = tó = tó = tó = xkda,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf\ todÓPfü/{uwåea,m{uwåea,m{uwåea,m{uwåea,m{uwåea,m ===== {uwåenf;onf/ ygua#mygua#mygua#mygua#mygua#m ===== xif&Sm;vmonf/ a[mwda[mwda[mwda[mwda[mwd===== jzpf\/ uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = tb,faMumifhenf;[lrlum;/ a[wkzvorÁaEë a[wkzvorÁaEë a[wkzvorÁaEë a[wkzvorÁaEë a[wkzvorÁaEë===== taMumif;ESifhtusKd; qufpyfojzifh/ oEÅmeó = oEÅmeó = oEÅmeó = oEÅmeó = oEÅmeó = ½kyfemrfoEÅmeftpOf\? wpfenf; - taMumif;w&m; tusKd;w&m;[lonfh ½kyfemrfoEÅmeftpOf\/ tEkyapä'g0aAm"awm =tEkyapä'g0aAm"awm =tEkyapä'g0aAm"awm =tEkyapä'g0aAm"awm =tEkyapä'g0aAm"awm = tpOftquf rjywfonfukd xkd;xGif;íodjcif;aMumifh/ {uwåea,m = {uwåea,m = {uwåea,m = {uwåea,m = {uwåea,m = {uwåenf;onf/ ygua#m = ygua#m = ygua#m = ygua#m = ygua#m = xif&Sm;vmonf/ a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = jzpf\/

a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu taMumif;w&m; xif&Sm;jzpfjcif;aMumifh tusKd;w&m;xif&Sm;jzpfykHukd 0dyóemÓPfjzifh ½IjrifvkdufwJhtwGuf 'DvkdodjrifaewJha,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JU todÓPfrSm {uwåenf;[m xif&Sm;vmw,f/bmaMumifh xif&Sm;vm&ovJqkdvQif - taMumif;w&m;ESifh tusKd;w&m;wkdY[m aMumif;-usKd;qufpyfvsuf txyfxyfjzpfaewJh ½kyfemrfoEÅmeftpOftwef;BuD;&JU tpOftqufrjywf txyfxyfjzpfaeykHukd a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu 0dyóemor®m'd|dÓPfjzifh ukd,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifaewJh twGufaMumifh {uwåenf;[m xif&Sm;vmjcif; jzpfw,f/'Dvkdxif&Sm;vmwJhtwGuf --

tx ok|Kw&H Oapä''d|ð yZ[wd/ (0dok'd-2-268/)


tx =tx =tx =tx =tx = xkdokdY ½kyfemrfoEÅmeftpOf\ taMumif;ESifhtusKd; qufpyfvsuf tpOftqufrjywf txyfxyf jzpfaeonfukd 0dyóemÓPfynmjzifh ukd,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmuf odjrifvwfaomf/ ok|Kw&Hok|Kw&Hok|Kw&Hok|Kw&Hok|Kw&H===== tvGefYtvGef aumif;rGefpGm/ Oapä''dOapä''dOapä''dOapä''dOapä''d||||| ðð ðð ð ===== twåonfaovQifjywf\[kpGJ,lwwfaom Oapä''d|dukd/ yZ[wd = yZ[wd = yZ[wd = yZ[wd = yZ[wd = y,fpGefYEkdif\/

a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvfu ckajymcJhwJhtwkdif; ½kyfemrfoEÅmef tpOftwef;&JU taMumif;ESifh tusKd;qufpyfvsuf tpOftqufrjywf txyfxyfjzpfaewmukd 0dyóemÓPfjzifh ukd,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifvkdufwJhtcg 'DtodÓPfu 'D0dyóemÓPfu ]]twåonf (= igonf)aovQif jywf\? acgif;[kdbuf bmrQr&Sd}}vkdY 'DvkdpGJ,lwwfwJh Oapä''d|dBuD;ukd y,fpGefYEkdifw,fwJh/ 'Dae&mrSm r[m#Dumq&mawmfuvnf;qkdvkd&if; teuft"dyÜg,fukd &Sif;oxuf &Sif; vif;oxuf vif;oGm;atmif xyfNyD; zGifhqkdxm;jyefw,f/ b,fvkd zGifhqkdxm;ovJ¿

yk&dryk&drmeH eda&ma"m Owå½kwå&meH OyÜg'gEkAaE¨mwd t,raw¬mypö,awm O','óaee odZÑrmaem {uwåe,m"d*rm, a[mwd/,awm ]]tanm ua&mwd? tanm y#doHa0',wD}}wdtm'da0g[m&-od'¨d,m Oapä''d|d,m taemumowm/ awem[ ]]a[wkzv-orÁaE¨em}}wdtm'd/ (r[m#D-2-424/)

'Dr[m#Dumpum;&yf&JU qkdvkd&if;uawmh --

a&S;a&S;cEmig;yg; ½kyfemrfw&m;wkdY&JU csKyfjcif; (= eda&m")ukd aemufaemuf cEmig;yg; ½kyfemrfw&m;wkdY&JU jzpfjcif; (= Oyg'f)u tpOfvkdufygaeygw,f-wJh/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ a&S;w&m;awG csKyfysufoGm;wJhtcgaemufaemufw&m;awGu xyfNyD;jzpfvmw,f/ bmaMumifhjzpf&ovJ¿aemufaemufw&m;awGukd tpOfrjywf qufpyfvsuf txyfxyfjzpfaeatmif taMumif;w&m;awGu aus;Zl;jyKaevkdYyJ/ 'Dvkd aus;Zl;jyKay;


aeykHukdç a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu taMumif;w&m;awG xif&Sm;jzpfjcif;aMumifhtusKd;w&m; xif&Sm;jzpfykHukd ypö,awm O','óe ac:wJh 0dyóemÓPfjzifh ½IMunfhvkdufwJhtcg aumif;pGm awGUjrifaeygw,f? aumif;pGmodjrifaeygw,f/ 'Dvkd odjcif; jrifjcif;udpö NyD;pD;oGm;wJhtwGuf 'Da,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu {uwåenf;ukdvnf; ÓPfjzifh ykdif;jcm;,lEkdifoGm;w,f/

{uwåenf; qkdwmu uHukdjyKpkysKd;axmifpOf t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gefocFg& uHwkdY jzpfcJhpOfu cEmig;yg;qkdwJh tqufrjywfjzpfaewJh ½kyfemrfoEÅmef tpOftwef;ESifh tJ'D t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uHwkdYaMumifhjzpfay:vmwJh tusKd;cEmig;yg; ½kyfemrfw&m;wkYd&JU tqufrjywf jzpfaewJh ½kyfemrfoEÅmef tpOftwef;wkdY[m tpOftwef;wpfckwnf; (= jzpf-ysuftpOftwef; wpfckwnf;) jzpfaewmukd a,m*Dyk*¾dKvf&JU 0dyóemÓPfu od&Sdaeygw,f jrifaeygw,f/

'Dvkd {uwåenf;ukd odjrifaewJhtwGufaMumifh tanm ua&mwd?tanm y#doHa0',wd (oH-1-260/) = ]]tjcm;wpfa,mufaomolonfuHukd jyKpkysKd;axmif\? tjcm;wpfa,mufaomolonf xkduH\tusKd;ukdcHpm;\}} = ]]jyKolu wjcm;? cHpm;olu wjcm;}} = ]]'Db0 'Dukd,fpH? [kdb0[kdukd,f cHvdrfhr,f}} pwJh t,l0g'&JU NyD;pD;aMumif;jzpfwJh Oapä''d|d[maxmuf&mwnf&mukd r&&SdEkdif jzpfoGm;ygw,f/ Oapä''d|dukd NzdKcGJwJh ae&mrSm taumif;qkH; vufeufwpfck jzpfygw,f/ 'gu ypö,awm O',-'óe ac:wJh taMumif;w&m; xif&Sm;jzpfjcif;aMumifh tusKd;w&m;xif&Sm;jzpfykHukd ½IjrifwwfwJh 0dyóemÓPf&JU pGrf;tifowådwpfrsKd; jzpfygw,f/

'gaMumifh ]]taMumif;w&m;ESifh tusKd;w&m;wkdY qufpyfvsuftxyfxyfjzpfaewJh ½kyfemrfoEÅmef tpOftwef;&JU tpOftqufrjywftxyfxyfjzpfaeykHukd 0dyóemor®m'd|dÓPfESifh ukd,fwkdifrsufarSmufxGif;azmufodjrifwJhtwGuf {uwåenf;[m a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JU tod


ÓPfrSm xif&Sm;vmygw,f}}vkdY t|uxmu zGifhqkdoGm;awmfrljcif; jzpfygw,f/ -- ,ck&Sif;vif;wifjycJhwmuawmh ckeu&GwfjycJhwJh r[m#Dumpum;&yf&JU qkdvkd&if; oabmw&m;rsm; jzpfMuygw,f/

emewåenf; xif&Sm;vmykH

aemufwpfrsKd;uawmh emewåenf; xif&Sm;vmykHtykdif; jzpfygw,f/

cPawm O','óaee emewåea,m ygua#m a[mwd e0e0geHOyÜg'g0aAm"awm/ tx ok|Kw&H oów'd|ð yZ[wd/

(0dok'd-2-268/)

cPawmcPawmcPawmcPawmcPawm ===== cPtm;jzifh/ O','óaeeO','óaeeO','óaeeO','óaeeO','óaee ===== jzpfjcif;O',ukd ½Ijrifjcif;jzifh/ emewåea,m = emewåea,m = emewåea,m = emewåea,m = emewåea,m = emewåenf;onf/ ygua#m = ygua#m = ygua#m = ygua#m = ygua#m = xif&Sm;vmonf/ a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = jzpf\/ uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = tb,faMumifhenf;[lrlum;/e0e0geH =e0e0geH =e0e0geH =e0e0geH =e0e0geH = topftopfaom ocFg&w&m;wkdY\/ OyÜg'g0aAm"awm OyÜg'g0aAm"awm OyÜg'g0aAm"awm OyÜg'g0aAm"awm OyÜg'g0aAm"awm===== tpOftqufrjywf txyfxyf topftopfjzpfjcif; Oyg'fukd xkd;xGif;í odjrifjcif;aMumifh/ emewåea,m = emewåea,m = emewåea,m = emewåea,m = emewåea,m = emewåenf;onf/ ygua#m = ygua#m = ygua#m = ygua#m = ygua#m =xif&Sm;vmonf/ a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = jzpf\/ tx = tx = tx = tx = tx = xkdokdY topftopfaomocFg&w&m;wkdY\ tpOftqufrjywf txyfxyf topftopfjzpfjcif;Oyg'fukd xkd;xGif;odvwfaomf/ ok|Kw&H = ok|Kw&H = ok|Kw&H = ok|Kw&H = ok|Kw&H = vGefrif;pGmvQif/ oów'd|ð oów'd|ð oów'd|ð oów'd|ð oów'd|ð===== twåonf jrJ\[kpGJ,laom oów'd|dukd/ yZ[wd = yZ[wd = yZ[wd = yZ[wd = yZ[wd = y,fpGefYEkdif\/

'Dt|uxmpum;&yf&JU qkdvkd&if;ukd r[m#Dumq&mawmf&JU zGifhqkdcsufESifh yl;wGJNyD; &Sif;jyygrS jynfhjynfhpkHpkH ykdNyD; oabmayguf em;vnfrSmjzpfwJhtwGuf r[m#Dumq&mawmf&JU &Sif;vif;csufukdyg qufvufem,lMunfhyg/ --

ocFg&m caP caP OyÜZÆEDÅwd t,raw¬m cPawm O',-'óaee odZÑrmaem emewåe,m"d*rm, a[mwd/ ,awm ypö,-ypö,kyÜEémeH obm0ab'g0aAm"awm ]]aom ua&mwd? aom y#doH-


a0',wD}}wdtm'de,yÜ0wåm, oów'd|d,m taemumowm/awem[ ]]cPawm O','óaeem}}wdtm'd/ (r[m#D-2-424/)

ocFg&m =ocFg&m =ocFg&m =ocFg&m =ocFg&m = ocFg&w&m;wkdYonf/ caP caP = caP caP = caP caP = caP caP = caP caP = Oyg'f-XD-bif[laom cPoHk;yg;wkdY\ taygif;jzpfaom cPwkdif; cPwkdif;ü/ OyÜZÆEd Å OyÜZÆEd Å OyÜZÆEd Å OyÜZÆEd Å OyÜZÆEd Å===== jzpfay:aeMuukef\/ £wd t,H taw¬m = £wd t,H taw¬m = £wd t,H taw¬m = £wd t,H taw¬m = £wd t,H taw¬m = þuJhokdYaom teufoabmw&m;onf/ cPawmcPawmcPawmcPawmcPawm O','óaeeO','óaeeO','óaeeO','óaeeO','óaee ===== cPtm;jzifh ocFg&w&m;wkdY\ tjzpfoufoufukd ½Ijrifjcif;jzifh/ odZÑrmaem =odZÑrmaem =odZÑrmaem =odZÑrmaem =odZÑrmaem = NyD;pD;vwfaomf/emewåe,m"d*rm, =emewåe,m"d*rm, =emewåe,m"d*rm, =emewåe,m"d*rm, =emewåe,m"d*rm, = emewåenf;ukd odjcif; &&Sdjcif;iSm/ a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd =jzpfay\/ ,awm = ,awm = ,awm = ,awm = ,awm = ,if;okdY emewåenf;ukdodojzifh/ ypö,ypö,kyÜEémeH ypö,ypö,kyÜEémeH ypö,ypö,kyÜEémeH ypö,ypö,kyÜEémeH ypö,ypö,kyÜEémeH===== taMumif; (ypönf;)w&m; tusKd; (ypö,kyÜef)w&m;wkdY\/ obm0- obm0- obm0- obm0- obm0-ab'g0aAm"awm =ab'g0aAm"awm =ab'g0aAm"awm =ab'g0aAm"awm =ab'g0aAm"awm = toD;toD;aom ukd,fykdif obm0vu©Pm\wpfckpD wpfckpD uGJjym;rIukd 0dyóemÓPfjzifh xkd;xGif;í odjcif;aMumifh/]]aomaomaomaomaom ===== xkdolonfyif/ ua&mwd =ua&mwd =ua&mwd =ua&mwd =ua&mwd = uHukdjyKpkysKd;axmif\/ aom =aom =aom =aom =aom = xkduHukd jyKpkysKd;axmifaomolonfyif/ y#doHa0',wd = y#doHa0',wd = y#doHa0',wd = y#doHa0',wd = y#doHa0',wd = xkduH\tusKd;ukdcHpm;\/}} £wdtm'de,y0wåm, =£wdtm'de,y0wåm, =£wdtm'de,y0wåm, =£wdtm'de,y0wåm, =£wdtm'de,y0wåm, = þokdYpaomenf;jzifh jzpfay:vmaom/ oów'd|d,m = oów'd|d,m = oów'd|d,m = oów'd|d,m = oów'd|d,m = oów'd|d\/ taemumowm = taemumowm = taemumowm = taemumowm = taemumowm = axmuf&m wnf&m r&Sdonf\tjzpf (jzpfcGifhr&dSonf\ tjzpf)onf/ a[mwd a[mwd a[mwd a[mwd a[mwd===== jzpfay:vm\/

ocFg&w&m;wkdif;rSm Oyg'f-XD-bif (= jzpf-wnf-ysuf) qkdwJh ocFwvu©Pm okH;yg; &SdMuygw,f/ Oyg'f-XD-bif qkdwJh cPokH;yg; oufwrf;aphoGm;ygu ysufoGm;Muygw,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ --

½lyH bdu©a0 tedpöH? a,myd a[wk a,myd ypöa,m ½lyó OyÜg'g,?aomyd tedapöm? tedpöorÇLwH bdu©a0 ½lyH? ukawm edpöH b0dówd/

(oH-2-20/)

bdu©a0 =bdu©a0 =bdu©a0 =bdu©a0 =bdu©a0 = &[ef;wkdY .../ ½lyó = ½lyó = ½lyó = ½lyó = ½lyó = ½kyfw&m;ukd/ OyÜg'g, = OyÜg'g, = OyÜg'g, = OyÜg'g, = OyÜg'g, =jzpfay:apjcif;iSm/ a,myd a[wk =a,myd a[wk =a,myd a[wk =a,myd a[wk =a,myd a[wk = tMuif a[wktaMumif;w&m;onf


vnf;/ tw¬d =tw¬d =tw¬d =tw¬d =tw¬d = &Sd\/ a,myd ypöa,m = a,myd ypöa,m = a,myd ypöa,m = a,myd ypöa,m = a,myd ypöa,m = tMuif ypö,taMumif;w&m;onfvnf;/ tw¬d = tw¬d = tw¬d = tw¬d = tw¬d = &Sd\/ aomyd a[wk = aomyd a[wk = aomyd a[wk = aomyd a[wk = aomyd a[wk = xkd a[wktaMumif;w&m;onfvnf;/ aomyd ypöa,m = aomyd ypöa,m = aomyd ypöa,m = aomyd ypöa,m = aomyd ypöa,m = xkdypö,taMumif;w&m;onfvnf;/tedapöm =tedapöm =tedapöm =tedapöm =tedapöm = tedpöomwnf;/ bdu©a0 = bdu©a0 = bdu©a0 = bdu©a0 = bdu©a0 = &[ef;wkdY .../ tedpöorÇLwH tedpöorÇLwH tedpöorÇLwH tedpöorÇLwH tedpöorÇLwH===== tedpötaMumif;w&m;aMumifh xif&Sm;jzpfay:ívm&aom/ ½lyH = ½lyH = ½lyH = ½lyH = ½lyH =½kyfw&m;onf/ ukawm = ukawm = ukawm = ukawm = ukawm = tb,frSmvQif/ edpö H = edpö H = edpö H = edpö H = edpö H = edpöonf/ b0dówd b0dówd b0dówd b0dówd b0dówd===== jzpfEdkifygthHenf;/

usefemrfcE¨m (4)yg;ukdvnf; ykHpHwlyJ qufvufNyD; a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/ 'Da'oemawmfrsm;ESifhtnD taMumif;w&m;ESifhwuGaom cE¨mig;yg; ½kyfemrf ocFg&w&m;awGukd wkduf½kdufjzpfapwwfwJha[wktaMumif;w&m; (= ZeutaMumif;w&m;)ç tm;ay;axmufyHhwwfwJh ypö,taMumif;w&m; (= Oyw¬rÇutaMumif;w&m;)awG &SdMuygw,f/ 'DtaMumif;w&m;awGukd,fwkdifu jzpfNyD;ysufaewJh tedpöw&m;awGom jzpfMuygw,f/ 'gaMumifh 'Dtedpö taMumif;w&m;awGaMumifhxif&Sm;jzpfay:vm&wJh 'DocFg&w&m;awG[m b,frSm jrJwJh edpöw&m;jzpfEkdifyghrvJ? tedpöw&m;om jzpfMu&w,f/

'Dae&mrSm t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uHpwJh taMumif;w&m;awGu cEmig;yg;ukd wdkuf½dkufjzpfapwwfwJh ZeutaMumif;w&m;awGjzpfMuygw,f/ pdwf Owk tm[m&qdkwJh taMumif;w&m;ç 0w¬K tm½kHzópwJh taMumif;w&m;awGu tm;ay;axmufyHhwwfwJh Oyw¬rÇutaMumif;w&m; (= ypö,taMumif;w&m;)awG jzpfMuygw,f/

'Dawmh t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uHpwJh cEmig;yg; ½kyfemrfw&m;wdkYukd jzpfapwwfwJh taMumif;w&m;awGukd,fwkdifu tedpöjzpfaewJhtwGuf tusKd;cE¨mig;yg; ½kyfemrfw&m;awG[mvnf; tedpöom jzpfaeMu&w,f/


'gaMumifh 'DocFg&w&m;awG[m Oyg'f-XD-bif qkdwJh cPwkdif; cPwkdif;rSm topftopf qifhumqifhum txyfxyf jzpfaeMu&w,f/bmaMumifhvJ¿ taMumif;w&m;awGu 'Dvkd txyfxyf jzpfatmifaus;Zl;jyKay;aevkdYyJ/ tu,fí taMumif;w&m;awGu xyfumxyfumtopftopf jzpfay:vmatmif aus;Zl;rjyKEkdifawmhbl;qkdvQif b0wpfck tqkH;owf&awmhwmyJ/ 'gayrJh aemufxyf taMumif;uHawGurukefao;vkdY oHo&mc&D;uvnf; rqHk;ao;bl;qkdvQif aemufxyfuHopfwpfckuvnf; yHkpHwlyJ topftopfawG jzpfay:vmatmifxyfumxyfum aus;Zl;jyKay;aerSm jzpfygw,f/

a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uH qkdwJh twdwftaMumif;w&m;awGukd jyKpkysKd;axmifcJhpOf twdwfb0u jzpfcJhwJh cEmig;yg;awGukda&mç ,ckb0wGif tqufrjywf txyfxyf topfopfjzpfay:aewJh cE¨mig;yg;awGukda&mç 'Db0rSm jyKpkysKd;axmifvkdufwJht0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uH - qkdwJh taMumif;w&m;awGaMumifhaemiftem*wfrSm jzpfay:vmrnfh tem*wf cE¨mig;yg;awGukda&mçtm;vkH;ukdyJ cPrpJ woJoJ topftopf xyfumxyfum jzpfaeykHukdcPawm O','óeÓPfvkdY ac:qdktyfwJh 0dyóem or®m'd|dÓPfynmjzifh ukd,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifatmif ½I&ygw,f/ 'Dvkd½IjrifEkdifwJhtwGuf 'Da,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JU todÓPfrSm emewåenf;[mxif&Sm;vmygw,f/

emewåenf;qkdwmu t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uHpwJhtaMumif;w&m;awGESifh tusKd;cE¨mig;yg; ½kyfemrfw&m;awGrSm rwluJGjym;jcm;em;aewJh ukd,fykdifobm0vu©Pm toD;toD;&SdMuw,fqkdwmudk cGJjcm;NyD;odwJhenf;vkdY qdkvdkygw,f/ 'Dvkdemewåenf;ukd odojzifh a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfutaMumif;w&m;ESifh tusKd;w&m;wkdY&JU rwluJGjym;jcm;em;aewJh ukd,fykdifobm0vu©Pm toD;toD;ukd 0dyóemÓPfjzifh xkd;xGif; odjrifwJh


twGuf - aom ua&mwd? aom y#doHa0',wd = xkdolonfyif jyK\?xkdolonfyif cHpm;\ - ponfjzifh pJG,lwwfwJh (= twåonfjrJygw,fvkdYpJG,lwwfwJh) oów'd|d[m axmuf&mwnf&mukd r&Ekdif jzpfcGifhr&SdEkdifjzpfoGm;w,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ taMumif;ocFg&w&m;awGvnf; jzpfNyD;wmESifh jzpfwJhae&mrSmyJ ysufoGm;Muw,f/ tusKd;ocFg&w&m;awGvnf;jzpfNyD;wmESifh jzpfwJhae&mrSm ysufoGm;Muw,f/ topftopf xyfumxyfum ysufoGm;wJhtcg topftopf xyfumxyfum jzpfaewmukd0dyóemÓPfjzifh awGUjrifaewJhtwGuf jrJwJhoóww&m; twåw&m;ukd &SmazGvkdY rawGUEkdif jzpfaew,f/ 'gaMumifh ocFg&w&m;wdkY&JU topftopf cPwdkif; cPwkdif;ü jzpfrIukd jrifaewJh olawmfaumif;&JU todÓPfrSm oów'd|d&JU wnf&SdcGifhukd r&jcif;jzpfygw,f/ oów'd|dukdNzdKcJGzkdY&eftwGuf taumif;qkH;aom vufeufwpfck jzpfygw,f/

tAsmyg&enf; xif&Sm;vmykH

ypö,awm pó O',AÁ,'óaee tAsmyg&ea,m ygua#ma[mwd "r®meH t0o0wådbm0g0aAm"awm/ tx ok|Kw&H twå'd|ðyZ[wd/ (0dok'd-2-268/)

ypö,awm =ypö,awm =ypö,awm =ypö,awm =ypö,awm = taMumif;w&m;tm;jzifh/ O',AÁ,'óaee =O',AÁ,'óaee =O',AÁ,'óaee =O',AÁ,'óaee =O',AÁ,'óaee = jzpfjcif;-ysufjcif; (= jzpfjcif;-csKyfjcif; = O',-0,)ukd ½Ijrifjcif;jzifh/ tó tó tó tó tó===== xkda,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf\ todÓPfü/ tAsmyg&ea,m = tAsmyg&ea,m = tAsmyg&ea,m = tAsmyg&ea,m = tAsmyg&ea,m = tAsmyg&enf;onf/ ygua#m = ygua#m = ygua#m = ygua#m = ygua#m = xif&Sm;vmonf/ a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = jzpf\/ uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = uo®m =tb,faMumifhenf;[lrlum;/ "r®meH = "r®meH = "r®meH = "r®meH = "r®meH = y&rw¬"r®wkdY\/ t0o0wåd- t0o0wåd- t0o0wåd- t0o0wåd- t0o0wåd-bm0g0aAm"awm =bm0g0aAm"awm =bm0g0aAm"awm =bm0g0aAm"awm =bm0g0aAm"awm = tvkdtBudKufokdY rvkdufygjcif; oabm&Sdonf\tjzpfukd 0dyóem or®m'd|dÓPfynmjzifh ukd,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifjcif;aMumifhwnf;/ tx = tx = tx = tx = tx = xdkodkYodjrifvwfaomf/ ok|Kw&H ok|Kw&H ok|Kw&H ok|Kw&H ok|Kw&H===== vGefrif;pGmvQif/ twå'd|ð = twå'd|ð = twå'd|ð = twå'd|ð = twå'd|ð = zefqif;&Siftwå tzefqif;cH&aomtwå


&Sd\[k pJGvrf;aom twå'd|dukd/ yZ[wd = yZ[wd = yZ[wd = yZ[wd = yZ[wd = y,fpGefYEkdif\/

ypö,awm O',AÁ,'óe = t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uHpwJhtaMumif;w&m;awG xif&Sm;jzpfjcif;aMumifh cEmig;yg; ½kyfemrfw&m;qdkwJhtusKd;w&m;wkdY&JU xif&Sm;jzpfykHqdkwJh ypö,awm O',oabmukda&mçt0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uHpwJh taMumif;w&m;wkdY&JU tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh t&[wår*faMumifh csKyfNidrf;oGm;jcif;aMumifhtusKd; cE¨mig;yg; ½kyfemrfw&m;wkdY&JU tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifhcsKyfNidrf;ykHqdkwJh ypö,awm 0,oabmudka&m - a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvfu0dyóem or®m'd|dÓPfjzifh ukd,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifvdkufwJhtcg .. 'Dvdk odaewJh a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JU todÓPfxJrSmtAsmyg& - enf;[m xif&Sm;vmygw,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ y&rw¬"r®obm0w&m;awG[m zefqif;&SifwkdYvkd rnfonfhyk*¾dKvfowå0g wpfpkHwpfa,muf&JU tvkdtBudKufodkYrQ rvkdufygwwfwJhoabmukd 0dyóemor®m'd|dÓPfjzifh udk,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifaewJhtwGufaMumifh jzpfygw,f/ 'Dvkd odvkdufwJhtwGuf twå'd|dukdvnf; 'D0dyóemÓPfu aumif;aumif;BuD; y,fpGefYEkdifoGm;w,f/

qkdvkdwmuawmh -- taMumif;w&m;awG xif&Sm;jzpfjcif;aMumifhtusKd;w&m;awG xif&Sm;jzpfykHukd odjrifwJhtcg ]]zefqif;&SifuJhokdYaomyk*¾dKvf owå0g wpfpkHwpfa,muf&JU tvkdqEtwkdif; jzpfae&ygw,f}}qkdwJht,ltqç taMumif;w&m;awG tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;oGm;wJhtcg tusKd;w&m;awGvnf; tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;ykHudk odjrifvkdufwJhtcgrSmvnf; ]]zefqif;&SifuJhokdYaom yk*¾dKvf owå0gwpfpkHwpfa,muf&JU 'PfcwfrIaMumifh ol&JUtvkdqEtwdkif; ysufpD;oGm;&w,f}}qkdwJh t,ltqç ]]bk&m;ocif\ &ifcGifawmfrSm tdyfaysmfawmfrljcif;}} (= ]]twå[m jrJw,f}})qkdwJh t,ltqç ]]b0qkdwm ykcufESifhacgif;tMum;rSmyJ &Sdygw,f? acgif;[kdbuf bmrQr&Sdygbl;}}qkdwJh t,l


tq - 'DvkdtwåESifh qufpyfaewJh t,l0g' (= twå0g') trsKd;rsKd;udk'D0dyóemÓPfu y,fpGefYEkdifw,fvkdY qkdvdkygw,f/

'Dae&mrSm r[m#Dumq&mawmfuvnf; xyfNyD; &Sif;vif;wifjyxm;jyefw,f/ --

ypö,awm O',AÁ,'óaee ypöa, owd zvó bma0g?towd tbma0gwd £ró tw¬ó od'd,m twdåwmrawåae0aw "r®m um&PEÅd tAsmyg&ea,m ygua#m a[mwd/ ,awmtwå'd|d,m taemumowm 0o0wdåwm, tvAÇae,sawm/ awe0kwåH ]]"r®me}}EÅdtm'd/ t0oowådbma0g y&m,wåwm? om p oyÜpö,-wm, a0'dwAÁm/ (r[m#D-2-425/)

'D#Dumq&mawmf&JU qkdvdk&if;uawmh 'Dvkdyg ../

£wd £ro®ð owd £'H a[mwd? £rókyÜg'g £'H OyÜZÆwd? £ro®ðtowd £'H e a[mwd? £ró eda&m"m £'H ed½kZÑwd/ (O'ge-79/)

]]þtaMumif;w&m;onf xif&Sm;&Sdvwfaomf þtusKd;w&m;onfjzpfay:vm\? þtaMumif;w&m;\ jzpfjcif;aMumifh þtusKd;w&m;onf jzpfay:vm\/ þtaMumif;w&m;onf xif&Sm;r&SdvwfaomfþtusKd;w&m;onf rjzpf? þtaMumif;w&m;\ csKyfjcif;aMumifh þtusKd;w&m;onf csKyf\}} - 'Dvkd jrwfpGmbk&m; a[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJhtwdkif; --

a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvfu ypö,awm O',AÁ,'óeÓPfjzifh vSrf;½IvkdufwJhtcg twdwftaMumif;w&m;aMumifh ypöKyÜeftusKd;w&m;jzpfykHçypöKyÜeftaMumif;w&m;aMumifh (oHo&mc&D; rqkH;ao;wJholawGtwGuf)tem*wftusKd;w&m; jzpfykHqkdwJh oabmukdvnf; jrifw,f? taMumif;w&m;awGu t&[wår*faMumifh tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyf


Nidrf;oGm;wJhtcg tusKd;w&m;awGvnf; y&dedAÁmepkwdukd aemufqkH;xm;NyD;tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;oGm;ykHukdvnf; jrifw,f/

'DvdkodjrifaewJhtwGuf tJ'D a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JUtodÓPfrSm --]]taMumif;w&m;onf xif&Sm;&Sdvwfaomf tusKd;w&m;\ xif&Sm;jzpfjcif;onf jzpfay:vm\/ taMumif;w&m;onf xif&Sm; r&SdvwfaomftusKd;w&m;\ xif&Sm; rjzpfjcif;onf jzpfay:vm\/}} -- qdkwJh teufoabmw&m;[m NyD;pD;oGm;w,f/ 'DvdkNyD;pD;oGm;wJhtwGuf ]]xif&Sm;&Sdae½HkrQjzifhvQif 'Dt0dZÆmpwJhw&m;awG[m taMumif;w&m; jzpfMu&w,f}}qdkwJhtcsufukdvnf; a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu odjrifaew,f/ 'Dvkd odjrifaewJhtwGuf taMumif;w&m;awGrSm tusKd;w&m;awGudk jzpfay:vmatmif]]wkdY-jyKvkyfMur,f}} qdkwJh aMumifhMuAsmyg&oabmw&m; r&SdykHukdvnf;em;vnfoabmaygufoGm;w,f/ 'gaMumifh 'Dvdk odae jrifaewJh a,m*Dyk*¾dKvf&JU todÓPfrSm tAsmyg&enf;[m xif&Sm;vmjcif; jzpfw,f/

'Dvdk tAsmyg&enf; xif&Sm;vmwJhtwGuf ]]zefqif;&SifqdkwJh twåqdkwm &Sdw,f? tzefqif;cH&wJh twåqkdwm &Sdw,f}} ponfjzifh pJGvrf;,kHMunfaewJh twå'd|d[m axmuf&mwnf&mukd r&&Sd jzpfoGm;w,f/bmaMumifhvJ¿ taMumif;w&m;bufrSmvnf; jyKvkyfwwfwJh zefqif;wwfwJh twåukd &SmrawGUbl;? tusKd;w&m;bufrSmvnf; tzefqif;cH&wJh tjyKvkyfcH&wJh twåukd &SmrawGUbl;/ taMumif;tusKd; ESpfrsKd;vkH;bufrSm tedpöw&m;tpktykH 'ku©w&m;tpktykH tewåw&m;tpktykHjzpfwJh cE¨mig;yg; ½kyfemrfw&m; tpktykHukdom a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JU0dyóemÓPfu odjrifaew,f/ 'DtaMumif;w&m;tpktykH tusKd;w&m;tpktykHxuf tykdtvGefjzpfwJh twåukd &SmrawGU jzpfaew,f/tJ'D tMumif;w&m;tpktykH tusKd;w&m;tpktykHqdkwJh 'DocFg&w&m;tpktykHxJrSmvnf; wpfpkHwpfa,mufaom yk*¾dKvfowå0g&JU okdYr[kwfzefqif;&SifuJhokdYaom y&rtwå&JU tvkdtwdkif;jzpfaewJh obm0w&m;


udk 0dyóemÓPfESifh &SmazGMunfhaomfvnf; r&tyf r&Ekdif jzpfaew,f/

'gaMumifh y&rw¬"r®awG[m b,fyk*¾dKvfowå0g wpfpkHwpfa,muf&JUtvkdokdYrQ rvdkufygwwfwJh (= t0o0wåew¬)obm0ukd a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvfu ypö,awm O',AÁ,'óevkdY ac:qdktyfwJh 0dyóem or®m'd|d ÓPfynmjzifh ukd,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifaewJhtwGuf'D0dyóemÓPfu ]]twå &Sd\}} [k pJGvrf;,HkMunfaewJh twå'd|dukdy,fpGefYEkdifaMumif;ukd t|uxmq&mawmfu zGifhqdkoGm;awmfrljcif;jzpfw,f/ taMumif;w&m;wnf;[laom olwpfyg;ESifh qufpyfrI&SdaewJhobm0[m y&rw¬"r®wkdY&JU t0o0wådbm0 (= wpfpkHwpfa,muf yk*¾dKvfowå0g&JU odkYr[kwf zefqif;&SifuJhodkYaom twå&JU tvdktwkdif;jzpfjcif;udkr&tyfr&EdkifwJhoabm)rnfw,f/ ocFwy&rwfw&m;wkdif;rSm qdkif&mqkdif&m taMumif;w&m; xif&Sm;&dSaejcif;udkyJ olwpfyg;ESifh qufpyfrI&dSwJhoabmvdkY qdkvdkw,fvdkY od&Sdyg/ 'guawmh r[m#Dumq&mawmf&JU&Sif;vif;csuf jzpfygw,f/

{0H"r®wmenf; xif&Sm;vmykH

aemufxyf eHygwf (4)ckajrmufenf;uawmh {0H"r®wmenf; jzpfygw,f/

ypö,awm ye O','óaee {0H"r®wmea,m ygua#m a[mwdypö,mEk½laye zvó OyÜg'g0aAm"awm/ tx ok|Kw&H tud&d,'d| ðyZ[wd/ (0dok'd-2-268/)

ypö,awm =ypö,awm =ypö,awm =ypö,awm =ypö,awm = taMumif;w&m;tm;jzifh/ O','óaee = O','óaee = O','óaee = O','óaee = O','óaee = jzpfjcif;(= O',)ukd 0dyóemÓPfjzifh ½Ijrifjcif;jzifh/ {0H"r®wmea,m = {0H"r®wmea,m = {0H"r®wmea,m = {0H"r®wmea,m = {0H"r®wmea,m = {0H"r®wmenf;onf/ ygua#m = ygua#m = ygua#m = ygua#m = ygua#m = xif&Sm;vmonf/ a[mwd =a[mwd =a[mwd =a[mwd =a[mwd = jzpf\/uo®m =uo®m =uo®m =uo®m =uo®m = tb,faMumifhenf;[lrlum;/ ypö,mEk½laye = ypö,mEk½laye = ypö,mEk½laye = ypö,mEk½laye = ypö,mEk½laye = taMumif;tm;avsmfojzifh = taMumif;ESifhavsmfnDpGm/ zvó =zvó =zvó =zvó =zvó = tusKd;w&m;\/


OyÜg'gOyÜg'gOyÜg'gOyÜg'gOyÜg'g0aAm"awm =0aAm"awm =0aAm"awm =0aAm"awm =0aAm"awm = jzpfjcif;udk 0dyóemÓPfjzifh xdk;xGif;í odjrifjcif;aMumifhwnf;/ tx = tx = tx = tx = tx = xdkodkY xdk;xGif;odvwfaomf/ ok|Kw&H = ok|Kw&H = ok|Kw&H = ok|Kw&H = ok|Kw&H =jrJjrHpGm (tvGefYtvGefaumif;rGefpGm) omvQif/ tud&d,'d|ð = tud&d,'d|ð = tud&d,'d|ð = tud&d,'d|ð = tud&d,'d|ð = tud&d,'d|dudk/ yZ[wd = yZ[wd = yZ[wd = yZ[wd = yZ[wd = y,fpGefYEkdif\/

taMumif;w&m; xif&Sm;jzpfjcif; (= taMumif;w&m; xif&Sm;&dSjcif;)aMumifh tusKd;w&m; xif&Sm;jzpfykHudk ypö,awm O','óe-[k ac:qdktyfwJh 0dyóemÓPfjzifh ½IjrifvdkufwJhtwGuf 'DvdkodjrifaewJh a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JUÓPfrSm {0H"r®wmenf;[m xif&Sm;vmygw,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ taMumif;w&m;ESifh avsmfnDwJh tusKd;w&m;&JUjzpfrIudk a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvfu 0dyóemor®m'd|dÓPfjzifh ukd,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifwJhtwGufaMumifh jzpfw,f/

qdkvdkwmuawmh t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uHqdkwJh taMumif;w&m;awGaMumifh tusKd;w&m;awG jzpfr,fqdkvQif 0dnmPf emrf½kyfoVm,we zó a0'emqkdwJh tusKd;cE¨mig;yg; ½kyfw&m; emrfw&m;awGom jzpfMuw,f/ tjcm;tusKd;wpfpkHwpf&m rjzpfbl;/ Oyrm - EGm;EdkYponfaMumifh 'defcJpwJh tusKd;w&m;om jzpfMuovkd rSwfyg/

'DvdkjzpfrIrsKd;ukd taMumif;ESifhavsmfnDwJh tusKd;w&m;wdkY&JU jzpfrIvdkYqdkvdkygw,f/ 'DvkdtaMumif;w&m;ESifh avsmfnDwJh tusKd;w&m;&JU jzpfrIudk{0H"r®wmenf;vdkY ac:qdkygw,f/ 'D {0H"r®wmenf;udk 0dyóem or®m'd|dÓPfjzifh ukd,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmuf odjrifcJhr,fqdkvQif 'D0dyóemÓPfu uH-uH\tusKd;udk ypfy,faewJhç ukokdvf tukodkvfukdjyKaomfvnf; jyKonfrrnfygbl;vdkY pGJvrf;,kHMunfwJh tud&d,'d|dudkaumif;aumif;BuD; y,fpGefYEkdifw,f/

enf;enf;xyf&Sif;jyOD;r,f - b0udkjzpfapwwfwJh ukokdvfocFg&uHawG okdYr[kwf tukodkvfocFg&uHawGqdkwm t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gefwdkY


tay:rSm tajcpkdufNyD; jzpfay:vmMu&ygw,f/ t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gefwkdY jcH&Hvsuf jyKpkysKd;axmifxm;wJh ukodkvfocFg&uHawGu ukov0dygufac:wJh aumif;wJhtusKd;w&m; cEmig;yg;awGukdom jzpfay:apygw,f/tvm;wlyJ t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gefwkdY jcH&Hvsuf jyKpkysKd;axmifxm;wJhtukodkvfocFg&uHawGuvnf; tusKd;ay;vQif tukov0dygufac:wJhraumif;wJh tusKd;cE¨mig;yg;awGudkom jzpfay:apygw,f/ ukokdvfuHu raumif;wJh tusKd;w&m;awGudkç tukodkvfuHuvnf; aumif;wJhtusKd;w&m;awGudk y&rf;ywm ay;csifovdk ay;MuwmrsKd; r[kwfygbl;/taMumif;uHESifh avsmfnDwJh tusKd;w&m;awGom jzpfvmMu&ygw,f/'DvkdtaMumif;w&m;ESifh avsmfnDwJh tusKd;w&m;jzpfrIudk 0dyóemor®m'd|dÓPfjzifh &Sif;&Sif;BuD; ukd,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifvkdufwJhtcg ]]ukodkvf-tukodkvfuHawG[m jyKaomfvnf; jyKonfrrnf tusKd;ray;}}vdkY 'Dvkd rSm;rSm;,Gif;,Gif; vufcH,kHMunfaewJh tud&d,'d|d[maxmuf&mwnf&mukd r&Ekdif jzpfcGifhr&Edkif jzpfoGm;w,f/

um&P (===== taMumif;w&m;)qkdwm tusKd;w&m;udk jzpfay:vmatmif jyKvkyfay;wwfwJhtwGufaMumifhom taMumif;w&m;vkdY ac:qdkjcif; jzpfw,f/ 'gaMumifh taMumif;w&m;awGrSm tusKd;w&m;udk jzpfay:vmatmifjyKvkyfay;EkdifwJh pGrf;tifowåd&Sdaewmukd odjrifvkdufwJh 'DtodÓPfu ]]ukokdvf tukokdvfawGudk jyKaomfvnf; jyKonfrrnf tusKd;ray;}}qdkwJh t,lrSm; tud&d,'d|dudk y,fpGefYEkdifjcif; jzpfw,f/ 'gaMumifh'D0dyóemÓPfawG[m rdpäm'd|d t,lrSm; trsKd;rsKd;ukd wkdufzsuf&mrSmtaumif;qkH; vufeufawGyJ jzpfMuygw,f/

vu©Pmig;yg; xif&Sm;vmykHtedpövu©Pm 'ku©vu©Pm tewåvu©Pm obm0vu©Pm

ocFwvu©PmqdkwJh vu©Pmig;yg; xif&Sm;ykHtykdif;ukd qufvufNyD;emMum;Mu&atmif .../


tewåvu©Pm xif&Sm;vmykH

ypö,awm pó O','óaee tewåvu©PH ygu#H a[mwd"r®meH ed&D[uwåypö,y#dA'¨0kwådwm0aAm"awm/ (0dok'd-2-268/)

ypö,awm O','óaee =ypö,awm O','óaee =ypö,awm O','óaee =ypö,awm O','óaee =ypö,awm O','óaee = taMumif;w&m; xif&Sm;jzpfjcif;aMumifh tusKd;w&m; xif&Sm;jzpfykHukd ½Ijrifjcif;jzifh/ tó = tó = tó = tó = tó = xdka,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf\ todÓPfü/ tewåvu©PH = tewåvu©PH = tewåvu©PH = tewåvu©PH = tewåvu©PH = tewåvu©Pmonf/ygu#H =ygu#H =ygu#H =ygu#H =ygu#H = xif&Sm;vmonf/ a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = jzpf\/ uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = tb,faMumifhenf;[lrlum;/ "r®meH ="r®meH ="r®meH ="r®meH ="r®meH = y&rw¬"r®wkdY\/ ed&D[uwåypö,y#dA'¨- ed&D[uwåypö,y#dA'¨- ed&D[uwåypö,y#dA'¨- ed&D[uwåypö,y#dA'¨- ed&D[uwåypö,y#dA'¨-0kwådwm0aAm"awm =0kwådwm0aAm"awm =0kwådwm0aAm"awm =0kwådwm0aAm"awm =0kwådwm0aAm"awm = tm;xkwfjcif; Asmyg& uif;onf\ tjzpfçtaMumif;w&m;ESifh pyfíjzpfjcif; &Sdonf\ tjzpfukd xdk;xGif;í odjcif;aMumifhwnf;/

taMumif;w&m; xif&Sm;jzpfjcif; (= xif&Sm;&Sdjcif;)aMumifh tusKd;w&m; xif&Sm;jzpfykHukd ½Ijrifaeaom ypö,awm O','óeÓPftjrifESifhjynfhpkHaom a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JUoEÅmefrSm tewåvu©Pm (= tewåÓPftjrif)[m xif&Sm;vmw,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ ocFwy&rwfw&m;awGrSm tusKd;w&m;ukd jzpfay:vmatmif tm;xkwfjcif; Asmyg& uif;wJhoabmukda&mç taMumif;w&m;ESifhpyfíom jzpfjcif;&SdwJhoabmudka&ma,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JU 0dyóemÓPfu (= ypö,awm O','óeÓPfu) xkd;xGif;odaewJhtwGufaMumifh jzpfw,f/

ocFwy&rwfw&m;awGrSm tusKd;w&m;ukd jzpfay:vmatmif tm;xkwfjcif;Asmyg& uif;w,fqkdwmuawmh 'Dvdkyg -- 'Dae&mrSm taMumif;w&m; xif&Sm;&Sdw,fqdkwmu taMumif;w&m;awGrSm tusKd;ukd jzpfapEkdifwJh obm0owådpGrf;tif xif&Sm;&Sdaewmukd qdkvdkygw,f/ txl;ojzifht0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uHqdkwJh taMumif;w&m;awGrSm 0dnmPfemrf½kyf oVm,we zó a0'emqdkwJh tusKd;w&m;awGudk jzpfapEkdifwJh


obm0owådpGrf;tif wnf&SdaerIrsKd;ukd qdkvdkygw,f/ 'Dvdk taMumif;w&m;awGrSm tusKd;w&m;awGudk jzpfapEkdifwJh obm0owådpGrf;tif xif&Sm; &Sd½kHrQjzifh taMumif;w&m;awGu tusKd;w&m;awGudk jzpfay:vmatmif aus;Zl;jyKay;wwfMuygw,f/ taMumif;w&m;awGrSm tusKd;w&m;awGukd jzpfay:vmatmif ]]wkdY-jyKvkyfMur,f}} qdkwJh aMumifhMuAsmyg& r&SdMuygbl;/ tusKd;w&m;awGudk jzpfay:vmapEkdifwJh obm0owådpGrf;tif xif&Sm;&Sdae½kHrQjzifhom tusKd;w&m;awGudk aus;Zl;jyKay;Mujcif;jzpfw,f/ aemufwpfcku - taMumif;w&m; xif&Sm;r&SdjyefvQifvnf; tusKd;w&m;uvnf; xif&Sm;rjzpfvmjyefbl;/ 'gaMumifh tusKd;w&m;awG[m taMumif;w&m;ESifhom tjrJwrf; qufpyfNyD; jzpfaeMu&ygw,f/

'Dvkd taMumif;w&m;awGrSm tusKd;w&m;udk jzpfay:vmatmif tm;xkwfjcif;Asmyg& uif;aejcif;qdkwJh taMumif;wpfckç tusKd;w&m;awG[mtaMumif;w&m;ESifhom tjrJwrf; qufpyfí jzpfjcif;oabm&Sdjcif;qkdwJhtaMumif;wpfck - 'DtaMumif; ESpfckaMumifh ypö,awm O','óeÓPfqdkwJh 0dyóemÓPfESifhjynfhpkHaewJh a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JU 0dyóemÓPfu - taMumif;w&m;awGrSmvnf; tusKd;w&m;ukd jzpfay:vmatmif zefqif;jyKvkyfaewJhtwårS qdwfokOf;aewJhoabmç tusKd;w&m;awGrSmvnf; tzefqif;cH& tjyKvkyfcHae&wJhtwårS qdwfokOf;aewJhoabmukd awGUjrifaewJhtwGuf odjrifaewJhtwGuf a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JU todÓPfrSm tewåvu©Pm[m xif&Sm;vmjcif;jzpfw,fvkdY qdkvdkygw,f/

tedpövu©Pm xif&Sm;vmykH

aemufwpfck tedpövu©PmtaMumif;ukd ajymMu&atmif .../


cPawm O',AÁ,'óaee tedpövu©PH ygu#H a[mwd [kwGmtbm0g0aAm"awmç ykAÁEÅmy&EÅ0da0um0aAm"awm p/ (0dok'd-2-268/)

cPawm =cPawm =cPawm =cPawm =cPawm = cPtm;jzifh/ O',AÁ,'óaee = O',AÁ,'óaee = O',AÁ,'óaee = O',AÁ,'óaee = O',AÁ,'óaee = taMumif;w&m;ESifhwuGaom cEmig;yg; ½kyfemrfw&m;wkdY\ jzpfjcif;-ysufjcif; (= O',-0,)ukd 0dyóemÓPfjzifh ½Ijrifjcif;jzifh/ tedpövu©PH = tedpövu©PH = tedpövu©PH = tedpövu©PH = tedpövu©PH = tedpövu©Pmonf/ ygu#H = ygu#H = ygu#H = ygu#H = ygu#H = xif&Sm;vmonf/ a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = jzpf\/ uo®m uo®m uo®m uo®m uo®m===== tb,faMumifhenf;[lrlum;/ [kwGm = [kwGm = [kwGm = [kwGm = [kwGm = a&S;ur&Sd ,ckrS½kwfjcnf;jzpfí/tbm0g0aAm"awm =tbm0g0aAm"awm =tbm0g0aAm"awm =tbm0g0aAm"awm =tbm0g0aAm"awm = t&Snfrwnf csufwpfjzKwf ysufpD;csKyfaysmufjcif; (= r&Sdjcif; = tbm0)ukd xkd;xGif;í odjrifjcif;aMumifhvnf;aumif;/ykAÁEÅmy&EÅ0da0um0aAm"awm p =ykAÁEÅmy&EÅ0da0um0aAm"awm p =ykAÁEÅmy&EÅ0da0um0aAm"awm p =ykAÁEÅmy&EÅ0da0um0aAm"awm p =ykAÁEÅmy&EÅ0da0um0aAm"awm p = a&S;tzkdY aemuftzkdYü uif;qdwfonf\tjzpf (= r&dSonf\tjzpf)ukd xkd;xGif;í odjcif;aMumifhvnf;aumif;/ tedpövu©PH = tedpövu©PH = tedpövu©PH = tedpövu©PH = tedpövu©PH = tedpövu©Pmonf/ ygu#H = ygu#H = ygu#H = ygu#H = ygu#H = xif&Sm;vmonf/ a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = jzpf\/

ocFg&w&m;awG&JU cPrpJ woJoJ jzpfaerI ysufaerIukd cPawmO',AÁ,'óeÓPfqkdwJh 0dyóemÓPfjzifh a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu ½IjrifvkdufwJhtcg 'DocFg&w&m;awGrSm jzpfjcif;-ysufjcif;qkdwJh oabmESpfrsKd;jzifh ykdif;jcm;xm;tyfwJh oabmudkvnf; 'D0dyóemÓPfu odNyD;jzpfaew,f/ 'gaMumifh - ocFg&w&m;awG&JU a&S;ur&Sd? ,ckrS½kwfjcnf; jzpfay:vmí t&Snfrwnf csufwpfjzKwf ysufpD;csKyfaysmufjcif;udk 0dyóemor®m'd|d ÓPfynmjzifh ukd,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmuf odjrifwJhtwGuf a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JU todÓPfrSm tedpövu©Pm tedpöÓPftjrif[m xif&Sm;vmaMumif;ukd t|uxmq&mawmfu zGifhqdkoGm;awmfrljcif; jzpfw,f/

'Dae&mrSm - jzpfNyD;wmESifh csKyfysufoGm;jcif;qdkwm jzpfNyD;&SdNyD;wJhaemuf r&Sdjcif;oabmyJ/ ocFg&w&m;awG[m jzpfNyD;wJhaemufrSmomr&dSwmvm;vdkYawmh ar;p&m &Sdw,f/ jzpfNyD;wJhaemufrSmom r&Sdwm


r[kwfbl;? rjzpfcifa&S;rqGuvnf; r&Sdygbl;/ rjzpfcifu r&Sdjcif;ç jzpfNyD;wJhaemufvnf; r&Sdjcif; qkdwJh r&Sdjcif;ESpfrsKd;wkdY&JU tv,frSmom Oyg'f-XD-bif (= jzpf-wnf-ysuf) obm0taetxm;ESifh cPacwå tckduftwefYuav;om xif&Sm;jzpfvmwJh obm0w&m;awGom jzpfMuw,f/

'Dae&mrSm cPacwå tckduftwefYuav;qdkwmu - ½kyfw&m;awG[m vufzspfwpfwGuf (= wpfpuúefY)vkdY ac:qdktyfwJh tcsdefumvudktykHaygif; uka# 5000-ausmfavmufykHvQif wpfykHavmufom oufwrf;&SdMuw,f/ emrfw&m;awG[mvnf; vufzspfwpfwGuf wpfpuúefYqkdwJhtcsdefumvukd uka# wpfodef;cefY ykHvQif wpfykHavmufom oufwrf;&SdMuw,f/ ocFg&w&m;awG[m 'Davmufwdkawmif;wJh tcsdefumvoufwrf;twGif;rSmyJ Oyg'f-XD-bifqdkwJh tcdkuftwefYuav; taetm;jzifhom xif&Sm;vmwJh obm0w&m;awG jzpfMuw,f/

ocFg&w&m;awG[m rjzpfrD a&S;tzdkYuvnf; uif;qdwfjcif;ç jzpfNyD;aemuftzdkYvnf; uif;qdwfjcif;qdkwm rjzpfrDa&S;tzkdYüvnf; r&dSjcif;jzpfNyD;aemuftzkdYüvnf; r&Sdjcif;ukdyJ qkdvdkygw,f/ a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JUO',AÁ,mEkyóemÓPfu - 'DocFg&w&m;awG&JU rjzpfrDa&S;tzdkY[laom twdwfç csKyfNyD;aemuftzkdY[laom tem*wf - 'Dtwdwf tem*wftzdkYtpk ESpfrsKd;vkH;wdkYrSm uif;qdwfaewJhoabm-r&SdwJhoabm-oknjzpfaewJhoabmukd jrifatmif ½I&ygw,f/

½IvkdYjrifcJhvQif 'DocFg&w&m;awGrSm Oyg'f-XD-bifqkdwJh cPokH;yg;taygif;&JU a&SUrSma&m aemufrSma&m r&Sdjcif;-uif;qdwfjcif;-oknjzpfaejcif;qdkwJh obm0ukd xdk;xGif; odjrifaewJhtwGufaMumifh 'D ocFg&w&m;awG&JU tpESifh tqkH;ukdvnf; xkd;xGif;odNyD; jzpfoGm;w,f/ 'gaMumifha,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JU todÓPfrSm tedpövu©Pm[m xif&Sm;vmjcif;jzpfw,f/


'ku©vu©Pm xif&Sm;vmykH'ku©vu©Pm xif&Sm;vmykHtykdif;ukdvnf; qufvufNyD; emMum;

MunfhMu&atmif .../

'ku©vu©PrÜd ygu#H a[mwd O',AÁa,[d y#dyDVem0aAm"awm/(0dok'd-2-268/)

cPawm =cPawm =cPawm =cPawm =cPawm = cPtm;jzifh/ O',AÁ,'óaee = O',AÁ,'óaee = O',AÁ,'óaee = O',AÁ,'óaee = O',AÁ,'óaee = taMumif;w&m;ESifh wuGaom cEmig;yg;wdkY\ jzpfjcif;-ysufjcif; O',AÁ,ukd 0dyóemÓPfjzifh ½Ijrifjcif;jzifh/ 'ku©vu©PrÜd = 'ku©vu©PrÜd = 'ku©vu©PrÜd = 'ku©vu©PrÜd = 'ku©vu©PrÜd = 'ku©vu©Pmonfvnf;/ygu#H =ygu#H =ygu#H =ygu#H =ygu#H = xif&Sm;vmonf/ a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = jzpf\/ uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = tb,faMumifhenf;[lrlum;/ O',AÁa,[d = O',AÁa,[d = O',AÁa,[d = O',AÁa,[d = O',AÁa,[d = jzpfjcif;-ysufjcif; O',AÁ,oabmwYkdonf/ y#dyDVem0aAm"awm =y#dyDVem0aAm"awm =y#dyDVem0aAm"awm =y#dyDVem0aAm"awm =y#dyDVem0aAm"awm = tzefwvJvJ EdSyfpuftyfonf\tjzpfudk xdk;xGif;í odjrifjcif;aMumifhwnf;/

'DocFg&w&m;awG[m jzpfvmMuNyDqdkvQif jzpfNyD;wmESifh tkdjcif; Z&mw&m;u ESdyfpufjyefw,f/ ysufjcif; (= aojcif; = r&P)w&m;uvnf;ESdyfpufjyefw,f/ ocFg&w&m;awG&JU jzpfjcif;-ysufjcif; O',AÁ,ukd ½IaewJh 0dyóemÓPfu 'Dvkd 'DocFg&w&m;awGrSm jzpfjcif;-ysufjcif;'Pfcsufjzifh tjrJrjywf tn§Of;yef; tESdyfpufcHae&wJh y#dyDVe| 'ku©obm0ukd aumif;aumif;BuD; odaew,f jrifaew,f? xdk;xdk;xGif;xGif;&Sif;&Sif;vif;vif;BuD; odjrifaew,f/ 'Dvkd jzpfjcif;-ysufjcif; 'PfcsufjzifhtjrJrjywf tn§Of;yef; tESdyfpufcHae&wJh 'ku©obm0udk xdk;xGif;odjrifaewJhtwGuf 'Da,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JU todÓPfrSm 'ku©vu©Pm[mxif&Sm;vmjcif; jzpfygw,f/

obm0vu©Pm xif&Sm;vmykH

aemufwpfckuawmh obm0vu©Pm xif&Sm;vmykHtykdif; jzpfygw,f/ t|uxmu 'Dtykdif;ukd b,fvkd zGifhqdkxm;ovJ¿ --


obm0vu©PrÜd ygu#H a[mwd O',AÁ,y&dpädEém0aAm"awm/ (0dok'd-2-268/)

cPawm O',AÁ,'óaee =cPawm O',AÁ,'óaee =cPawm O',AÁ,'óaee =cPawm O',AÁ,'óaee =cPawm O',AÁ,'óaee = cPtm;jzifh cE¨mig;yg;wkdY\jzpfjcif;ysufjcif; O',AÁ,udk 0dyóemÓPfjzifh ½Ijrifjcif;jzifh/ obm0-obm0-obm0-obm0-obm0-vu©PrdÜ =vu©PrdÜ =vu©PrdÜ =vu©PrdÜ =vu©PrdÜ = y&rw¬"r®wdkY\ udk,fykdif obm0vu©Pmonfvnf;/ygu#H =ygu#H =ygu#H =ygu#H =ygu#H = xif&Sm;vmonf/ a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = jzpf\/ uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = uo®m = tb,faMumifhenf;[lrlum;/ O',AÁ,y&O',AÁ,y&O',AÁ,y&O',AÁ,y&O',AÁ,y&dd dd d p ä dEém0aAm"awm =pä dEém0aAm"awm =pä dEém0aAm"awm =pä dEém0aAm"awm =pä dEém0aAm"awm = ocFg&w&m;wkdYüjzpfjcif;-ysufjcif; (= O',AÁ,)jzifh ykdif;jcm;tyfonf\tjzpfudk 0dyóemor®m'd|dÓPfjzifh udk,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifjcif;aMumifhwnf;/

ocFg&w&m;awG&JU cPtm;jzifh jzpfrIysufrI O',-0,oabmudk0dyóemor®m'd|dÓPfjzifh udk,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifvdkufwJhtwGuf ocFg&w&m;awG&JU tedpövu©Pm 'ku©vu©Pmom a,m*Dyk*¾dKvf&JU ÓPfxJrSm xif&Sm;wm r[kwfao;bl;/ y&rw¬"r® toD;toD;&JU ukd,fykdifobm0vu©Pm[mvnf; xif&Sm;vmygw,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ ocFg&w&m;awGrSm jzpfjcif;-ysufjcif; (= O',-0,)jzifh ykdif;jcm;xm;tyfwJhoabmudk 0dyóemÓPfu xGif;azmufodjrifaewJhtwGufaMumifh jzpfw,f/

'Dae&mrSm r[m#Dumq&mawmfu - yg*bm00d'¨Hombm0g0pädEéH -qdkwJh pum;vkH;ESifh &Sif;jyxm;ygw,f/ yg*bm0-qdkwmu rjzpfcifur&Sdjcif;ukd qkdvkdw,f/ 0d'¨Hombm0-u csKyfNyD;aemuf (= jzpfNyD;aemuf)r&Sdjcif;ukd qkdvkdw,f/ ocFg&w&m;awGrSm rjzpfrD a&S;rqGu r&Sdao;jcif;çjzpfNyD;aemuf (= ysufjcif; bifumv\aemuf) ü r&Sdjcif;-qkdwJh 'Dr&Sdjcif;ESpfrsKd;wkdYjzifh ykdif;jcm;xm;tyfwJhtwGuf 'Da&SUaemufESpf&yfr&Sdjcif; ESpfrsKd;wkdY&JU tMum;rSmyJ Oyg'f-XD-biftm;jzifh ,m,DacwåcPtm;jzifh xif&Sm;vmMuw,f/ tJ'Dvkd xif&Sm;aewJh tckduftwefYuav;rSmyJ - ]]'gu


yx0D"mwfç 'gu tmayg"mwfç 'gu zóç 'gu a0'em}} ponfjzifha,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu cGJjcm;NyD; uGJuGJjym;jym; odEkdifw,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ tJ'Dr&Sdjcif;ESpfrsKd;wkdY&JU tv,fqkdwJh tcsdefumvtwGif;rSmyJ ]]yx0D"mwf&JUrmrIoabmç tmayg"mwf&JU ,kdpD;rIoabmç zó&JU tm½kHukd awGUxdrIoabmç a0'em&JU tm½kH&JUt&omukd cHpm;rIoabm}} pwJh y&rw¬"r®wkdY&JU ukd,fykdifobm0vu©Pmu xif&Sm;aewJhtwGufaMumifh jzpfw,f/'Dvkd ukd,fykdifobm0vu©PmawGu xif&Sm;aewJhtwGufaMumifhvnf;a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu - ]]'gu yx0D"mwfç 'gu tmayg"mwfç 'gu zóç'gu a0'em}} - ponfjzifh 'Dvkd uGJuGJjym;jym; od&SdcGifhukd &&Sdjcif; jzpfygw,f/

ocFwvu©Pm xif&Sm;vmykH

aemufwpfckuawmh ocFwvu©Pm xif&Sm;vmykHtykdif;jzpfygw,f/

obm0vu©aP ocFwvu©Pó wm0umvduwårÜd ygu#Ha[mwd O',u©aP 0,óç 0,u©aP p O',ó tbm0g-0aAm"awm/ (0dok'd-2-268/)

obm0vu©aP =obm0vu©aP =obm0vu©aP =obm0vu©aP =obm0vu©aP = ocFg&w&m;wkdY\ ukd,fykdifobm0vu©Pmonf/ ygua# = ygua# = ygua# = ygua# = ygua# = a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf\ todÓPfü xif&Sm;vmvwfaomf/ ocFwvu©Pó = ocFwvu©Pó = ocFwvu©Pó = ocFwvu©Pó = ocFwvu©Pó = ocFwvu©Pm\/ wm0umvduwårÜd wm0umvduwårÜd wm0umvduwårÜd wm0umvduwårÜd wm0umvduwårÜd===== wm0umvdu (= tcdkuftwefYrQ = wkdawmif;aomumv)&Sdonf\tjzpfonfvnf;/ ygu#H = ygu#H = ygu#H = ygu#H = ygu#H = xif&Sm;vmonf/ a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = a[mwd = jzpf\/ uo®m uo®m uo®m uo®m uo®m===== tb,faMumifhenf; [lrlum;/ O',u©aP = O',u©aP = O',u©aP = O',u©aP = O',u©aP = jzpfqJ O',cPü/0,ó =0,ó =0,ó =0,ó =0,ó = ysufjcif; 0,\/ 0,u©aP p = 0,u©aP p = 0,u©aP p = 0,u©aP p = 0,u©aP p = ysufjcif; 0,cPüvnf;/O',ó =O',ó =O',ó =O',ó =O',ó = jzpfjcif; O',\/ tbm0g0aAm"awm = tbm0g0aAm"awm = tbm0g0aAm"awm = tbm0g0aAm"awm = tbm0g0aAm"awm = r&Sdonf\tjzpfukd xkd;xGif;í odjcif;aMumifhwnf;/


y&rw¬"r®wkdY&JU toD;toD;aom ukd,fykdifobm0vu©Pm[m a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JU 0dyóemÓPfrSm xif&Sm;vmwJhtcg ocFwvu©Pm&JUOyg'f-XD-bifqkdwJh tvGefwkdawmif;wJh umv&SdaewJh wm0umvduoabmuvnf; a,m*D&JU 0dyóemÓPfrSm xif&Sm;vmw,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ jzpfqJ (= O', = Oyg'f)cPrSm ysufjcif; (= 0,)qkdwJh bifoabmw&m;[mvnf; xif&Sm;r&Sdbl;? ysufqJ (= 0, = bif)cPrSmvnf; jzpfjcif; (= O',)qdkwJh oabmw&m;[mvnf; xif&Sm;r&Sdbl;?'Dvdk O',tcdkufü 0,r&SdrIoabmç 0,tcdkufüvnf; O',r&SdrIoabmukd a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu 0dyóemÓPfESifh xkd;xGif;odjrifaewJhtwGufaMumifhyJ jzpfygw,f/

ocFww&m;wkdif;rSm Oyg'f-XD-bifqkdwJh cPi,fokH;yg;pD toD;toD;&Sdygw,f/ 'gaMumifh Oyg'f-XD-bifqkdwJh cPokH;yg;&SdwJh w&m;rSeforQ[mocFww&m;csnf;jzpfygw,f/ 'D Oyg'f-XD-bifqkdwJh cPokH;yg;taygif;[m ocFww&m;vkdY odavmufwJh trSwftom;vu©Pm jzpfygw,f/ocFwvu©PmvkdYac:ygw,f/

'DocFww&m; (= ocFg&w&m;)wkYd&JU cPtm;jzifh jzpfrI-ysufrIukda,m*Dyk*¾dKvf&JU 0dyóemÓPfu ½IjrifvkdufwJhtcg Oyg'f-XD-bifqkdwJhocFwvu©Pm&JJU Oyg'fcP-XDcP-bifcPqkdwJh tvGefwkdawmif;wJhumv&SdwJh oabm[m a,m*D&JU 0dyóemÓPfrSm xif&Sm;vmygw,f/bmaMumifhvJ¿ Oyg'f-XD-bif - qkdwJh ocFww&m;wkdY&JU trSwftom;vu©Pm (3)ck[m -- Oyg'fcPuvnf; XDcPoYkdwkdifatmifç XDcPuvnf; bifcPokdYwkdifatmifç bifcPuvnf; topftopf jzpfvmwJhtjcm;ocFww&m;&JU Oyg'fcPokdYwkdifatmif - rwnfwHhjcif;aMumifhyJjzpfygw,f/

'gaMumifh jzpfjcif; (= Oyg'f = O',)cPrSm ysufjcif; bifoabm


(= 0,oabm)&JU r&SdrIoabmESifh ysufjcif; (= bif = 0,)cPüvnf;jzpfjcif; (= Oyg'f = O',)cP&JU r&SdrIoabmwkdYukd a,m*D&JU 0dyóemÓPfu xkd;xGif;odaewJhtwGufaMumifh tJ'Da,m*D&JU 0dyóemÓPfrSmocFww&m;wkdY&JU ocFwvu©Pm[m tvGefwkdawmif;aom oufwrf;umv &SdwJhtaMumif;ukd t|uxmq&mawmfu zGifhqkdoGm;jcif; jzpfygw,f/

aemufwpfckuawmh -- 'D O',AÁ,ÓPfykdif;rSm O',ESifh 0,(= jzpfrIESifh ysufrI)ukdom azmfjyxm;jcif; zGifhqkdxm;jcif;[m ]]ocFg&w&m;wkdYrSm XDcP r&SdvkdYvm;}}vkdY - 'Dvkd ar;p&m &Sdw,f/ ocFww&m; =ocFg&w&m;awGrSm XDcP r&SdvkdYawmh r[kwfygbl;? XDcP &Sdygw,f/'gayrJh a,m*Dyk*¾dKvf&JU O',AÁ,mEkyóemÓPfu ocFg&w&m;wkdY&JUjzpfrIESifh ysufrIukdom tm½kHjyKaewJhtwGuf O',AÁ,ÓPf[mvnf;'Da,m*Dyk*¾dKvf&JUoEÅmefrSm ocFww&m;wkdY&JU jzpfrI-ysufrIukd ½IjrifwwfwJhÓPftjzpfjzifhom jzpfay:vmwJhtwGufaMumifh XDumvukd rajymqkdjcif; jzpfygw,f/ Oyg'fcPESifh bifcPukdom ,lNyD; O',AÁ,ÓPf[kzGifhqkdxm;jcif; jzpfygw,f/

ckajymcJhwmawGuawmh a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvfu O',AÁ,ÓPfykdif;okdYa&mufwJhtcgrSm --

1/ cPawm O',AÁ,'óe = cPtm;jzifh cE¨mig;yg;wkdY&JU jzpfrI-ysufrIukd ½Ijcif;?

2/ ypö,awm O',AÁ,'óe = taMumif;w&m;tm;jzifh cE¨mig;yg;wkdY&JU jzpfrI-ysufrIukd ½Ijcif; --

qkdwJh ESpfrsKd;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh ocFg&w&m;wkdY&JU O',ESifh0, (= jzpfrIESifh ysufrI) ukd ½IEkdifwJhtwGuf 'D O',AÁ,ÓPfykdif;rSma,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JU todÓPfrSm --


1/ opömav;yg; xif&Sm;vmykH

2/ y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m; xif&Sm;vmykH

3/ enf;av;yg; xif&Sm;vmykH

4/ vu©Pmig;yg; xif&Sm;vmykH --

qkdwJh taMumif;t&mawG jzpfygw,f/ ckajymcJhwJh opömav;yg;pwJhw&m;awG[m - or®m'd|dç or®mouFyÜç or®m0g,mrç or®mowdç or®morm"d-qkdwJh or®m'd|dOD;aqmifwJh avmuDr*¾ifw&m;awGESifh xkd;xGif;odjrifvkdufwJh avmuDopömw&m;awGom jzpfMuygw,f/ 'DO',AÁ,ÓPfukd w½kP0dyóemÓPfvdkY 0dok'¨dr*¾t|uxmu (0dok'd-2-269/)

ac:a0:okH;pGJxm;ygw,f/ 'Dw½kP0dyóemÓPfukd &&SdwJh olawmfaumif;ukdvnf; tm&'0dyóuyk*¾dKvf (tm;xkwftyfaom 0dyóem&SdwJh yk*¾dKvf) vkdY ac:a0:okH;pGJxm;ygw,f/

'Dtykdif;rSm tewåvu©PokwåefrSm vm&SdwJh 0dyóem½IuGufukdxnfhoGif;NyD; ajymMum;vkdygw,f/

tewåvu©PokwåefrSmvm&SdwJh 0dyóem½IuGuf

yÍö0*¾D-&[ef;awmfwkdYukd bk&m;&Sifu "r®pMum a'oemawmfjzifht&d,opömav;yg;ukd aomwmywådr*fÓPf zkdvfÓPfwkdYjzifh xkd;xGif;odjrifwJh tqifhtxd acscRwfawmfrlNyD;wJhaemuf 0gqkdvjynfhausmfig;&ufaeY ta&mufrSm tewåvu©Pokwåef a'oemawmfukd a[mMum;ay;awmfrlvsuf t&[wåzkdvfayguf acscRwfay;awmfrlygw,f/tJ'Dtewåvu©Pokwåefukd emMum;aewJh yÍö0*¾D &[ef;awmfawG[maomwmywådr*fÓPf zkdvfÓPfwkdYjzifh opömav;yg;ukd xkd;xGif;odjrifNyD;MuNyDqdkwJh tcsufukdawmh txl;*½kjyKNyD; rSwfom;xm;yg/ enf;enf;xyf&Sif;OD;r,f --


1/ 'DyÍö0*¾D&[ef;awmfwdkY[m twdwf tem*wf ypöKyÜef tZÑwå A[d'¨MoVm&du(tMurf;) okckr(tEk) [De(t,kwf) yPDw(tjrwf) 'l&(ta0;) oEÅdu(teD;) - qdkwJh (11)rsKd;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifhwnfaewJh Oyg'geu©E¨mig;yg; 'ku©opömw&m;udkvnf; 0dyóemÓPf aomwmywådr*fÓPfwdkYjzifh xkd;xGif;odNyD; jzpfMuw,f/

2/ t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uH - qkdwJh 'ku©opömw&m;pk\taMumif;&if;jzpfwJh ork',opömw&m;udkvnf; 0dyóemÓPfaomwmywådr*fÓPfwkdYjzifh xkd;xGif;odNyD; jzpfMuw,f/

3/ t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uHqdkwJh taMumif;w&m;awG xif&Sm;jzpfjcif;aMumifh tusKd;cEmig;yg; xif&Sm;jzpfykHqkdwJh tEkavmr y#dpöorkyÜg'fw&m;ukdvnf; 0dyóemÓPf aomwmywådr*fÓPfwdkYjzifhxkd;xGif;odNyD; jzpfMuw,f/

4/ t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uH - qdkwJh taMumif;w&m;awG[mt&[wår*faMumifh tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmvdkYac:wJh aemifwpfzefrjzpfaom csKyfjcif;jzifh csKyfNidrf;oGm;wJhtwGuf tusKd; cE¨mig;yg;'ku©opömw&m;wkdYvnf; y&dedAÁmepkwdukd aemufqkH;xm;NyD; tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmvdkYac:wJh aemifwpfzef rjzpfaom csKyfjcif;jzifh csKyfNidrf;jcif;qkdwJh eda&m"opömw&m; (= y#davmr y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;)ukdvnf; 0dyóemÓPf aomwmywådr*fÓPfwkdYjzifh xkd;xGif;odNyD; jzpfMuw,f/

5/ tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwfedAÁmefqkdwJh avmukwå&m eda&m"opömw&m;ukdvnf; aomwmywådr*fÓPf zdkvfÓPfwkdYjzifh xkd;xGif;odNyD;jzpfMuw,f/

6/ or®m'd|d tp or®morm"d tqkH;&SdwJh avmuDr*¾if &Spfyg; usifhpOf


w&m;udkvnf; avmuD0dyóemÓPfESifh xkd;xGif;odNyD; jzpfMuw,f/

7/ tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwfedAÁmefukd xdk;xGif;odaewJh or®m'd|d tpor®morm"d tqkH;&SdwJh r*¾if&Spfyg; usifhpOfw&m;udkvnf; aomwm-ywådr*fÓPf ypöa0u©PmÓPfwdkYjzifh xkd;xGif;odNyD; jzpfMuw,f/

'Dtcsuf (7)csufudkawmh txl;*½kjyKNyD; rSwfom;xm;yg/ 'Dae&mrSmaomwmywådr*fÓPfu opömav;yg;ukd odw,fqdkwJhtcsufESifh ywfoufvdkY odykHudk xyfNyD; &Sif;jyOD;r,f/ --

aomwmywådr*fÓPfu tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwfedAÁmef qkdwJhavmukwå&m eda&m"opöm w&m;awmfjrwfBuD;udk tm&r®Py#da0"-oabmtm;jzifh wkduf½kduftm½kHrsufarSmufjyKNyD; xdk;xGif;odygw,f/ 'ku©opöm ork',opöm r*¾opömqdkwJh usefopöm (3)yg;ukdawmh toar®m[y#da0" oabmtm;jzifh xkd;xGif;odygw,f/ toar®m[y#da0"qkdwmu -- tJ'DopömokH;yg;udk wpfenf;ajym&vQifawmh opömav;yg;vkH;udkrodatmifzkH;vTrf;xm;wJh arm[udk aomwmywådr*fÓPfu tocFw"mwf edAÁmefudk tm½kHjyKwJhtcgrSm t<uif;rJh y,fowfvdkufygw,f/ opömav;yg;udk rodrI (= arm[)uif;aysmufoGm;wJhtwGuf odrI[m tvdkvdkudpöNyD;oGm;w,f/ 'DvdkudpöNyD;jcif;udk udpöod'¨dtm;jzifh opömav;yg;udkxdk;xGif;odw,fvdkY qdkygw,f/ 'gaMumifh aomwmywådr*fÓPfu 'ku©opöm ork',opöm r*¾opömwkdYudk toar®m[y#da0" oabmtm;jzifhodw,f/ avmukwå&m eda&m"opöm w&m;awmfjrwfBuD;udk tm&r®P-y#da0" oabmtm;jzifh wkduf½kdufrsufarSmuf tm½kHjyKNyD; odw,fvkdYrSwfyg/

yÍö0*¾D ig;OD;wkdYtaMumif;udk qufajymMu&atmif/ 0gqkdvjynfhausmfig;&ufaeY a&mufwJhtcg t&[wåzdkvf &Ekdifavmufatmif yg&rDrsKd;aphawGu &ifhusufvmNyDvkdY bk&m;&Sifu odawmfrlwJhtwGuf tewåvu©P


okwåefa'oemawmfudk a[mMum;ay;awmfrlygw,f/ tJ'Dtewåvu©PokwåefrSmvm&SdwJh 0dyóem½IuGufudk uGufNyD;awmh emMum;MunfhMu&atmif .../

bk&m;&Sifu yÍö0*¾D&[ef;awmfwdkYudk cEmig;yg;[m tewåjzpfaMumif;oabmaygufatmif &Sif;jyNyD;wJhtcg bk&m;&Sifu qufvufNyD; ar;cGef;awGudk ar;jref;awmfrlygw,f/ yÍö0*¾D&[ef;awmfwkdYuvnf; tajzay;awmfrlMuygw,f/

bk&m;&Sifu - ]]½kyfonf edpövm; tedpövm;}}vdkY ar;awmfrlygw,f/yÍö0*¾D&[ef;awmfwkdYuvnf; ]]tedpöjzpfaMumif;}}udk wifjyavQmufxm;Muw,f/

aemufxyf bk&m;&Sifu ]]tedpöjzpfwJh tJ'D½kyf[m 'ku©vm; okcvm;}}vdkY ar;awmfrlygw,f/ yÍö0*¾D&[ef;awmfwdkYuvnf; ]]'ku©jzpfaMumif;}}ukd wifjyavQmufxm;Muw,f/

aemufxyf bk&m;&Sifu - ]]tedpöjzpfwJh 'ku©jzpfwJh azmufjyefysufpD;wwfwJh 0dy&dPmr"r®jzpfwJh tJ'D½kyfudk ]igyJç igh[myJç ig&JUtwåyJ}vkdYpJGvrf;xifjrif ½IqifjcifzkdY oifhyghrvm;}}vkdY ar;awmfrljyefw,f/ yÍö0*¾D&[ef;awmfwkdYuvnf; ]]'DvkdpJGvrf;xifjrif ½IqifjcifzkdY roifhygaMumif;}}udkwifjyavQmufxm;Muw,f/ usefemrfcE¨mav;yg;ukdvnf; wpfyg;pDcJGNyD;toD;toD; yHkpHwlyJ bk&m;&Sifu ar;awmfrlygw,f/ yÍö0*¾D&[ef;awmfwdkYuvnf; ykHpHwlyJ tajzay;awmfrlMuygw,f/ tJ'Dvdk tar;-tajz jyKvkyfNyD;wJhtcgrSm bk&m;&Sifu 0dyóem½IuGufukd 'Dvkd oifay;awmfrlygw,f/

wo®mwd[ bdu©a0 ,H udÍöd ½lyH twDwmem*wypöKyÜEéH tZÑwåH0g A[d'¨g 0g MoVm&duH 0g okckrH 0g [DeH 0g yPDwH 0g ,H 'la&oEÅdau 0g? oAÁH ½lyH ]]aewH rr? aeaom[ro®d? e araom twåm}}wd


{0arwH ,xmblwH or®yÜnm, '|AÁH/ (oH-2-56/)

bdu©a0 =bdu©a0 =bdu©a0 =bdu©a0 =bdu©a0 = cspfom;&[ef;wkdY .../ wo®m =wo®m =wo®m =wo®m =wo®m = xkdodkY cE¨mig;yg;wkdY\tedpö 'ku© tewåom jzpfjcif;aMumifh/ £[ = £[ = £[ = £[ = £[ = þomoemawmfjrwftwGif;ü/ wkarS = wkarS = wkarS = wkarS = wkarS = oifwdkYonf/ twDwmem*wypöKyÜEé H =twDwmem*wypöKyÜEé H =twDwmem*wypöKyÜEé H =twDwmem*wypöKyÜEé H =twDwmem*wypöKyÜEé H = twdwftem*wf ypöKyÜefjzpfaom/ ,H udÍö d ½lyH = ,H udÍö d ½lyH = ,H udÍö d ½lyH = ,H udÍö d ½lyH = ,H udÍö d ½lyH = tvkH;pkHaom½kyfonfvnf;aumif;/ tZÑwåH 0g = tZÑwåH 0g = tZÑwåH 0g = tZÑwåH 0g = tZÑwåH 0g = rdrd\ukd,fwGif; tZÑwårlvnf;jzpfaom/ A[d'¨g A[d'¨g A[d'¨g A[d'¨g A[d'¨g0g =0g =0g =0g =0g = jyify A[d'rlvnf;jzpfaom/ ,H udÍöd ½lyH = ,H udÍöd ½lyH = ,H udÍöd ½lyH = ,H udÍöd ½lyH = ,H udÍöd ½lyH = tvkH;pkHaom½kyfonfvnf;aumif;/ MoVm&duH 0g = MoVm&duH 0g = MoVm&duH 0g = MoVm&duH 0g = MoVm&duH 0g = ½kefY&if;Murf;wrf;aom MoVm&durlvnf;jzpfaom/ okckrHokckrHokckrHokckrHokckrH 0g0g0g0g0g ===== odrfarGUEl;nHhaom okckrrlvnf;jzpfaom/ ,H,H,H,H,H udÍö dudÍö dudÍö dudÍö dudÍö d½lyH =½lyH =½lyH =½lyH =½lyH = tvkH;pkHaom½kyfonfvnf;aumif;/ [DeH 0g = [DeH 0g = [DeH 0g = [DeH 0g = [DeH 0g = ,kwfnHhonfrlvnf;jzpfaom/ yPDwH 0g = yPDwH 0g = yPDwH 0g = yPDwH 0g = yPDwH 0g = rGefjrwfonfrlvnf;jzpfaom/ ,H udÍö d ½lyH = ,H udÍö d ½lyH = ,H udÍö d ½lyH = ,H udÍö d ½lyH = ,H udÍö d ½lyH =tvkH;pkHaom½kyfonfvnf;aumif;/ 'la&'la&'la&'la&'la& 0g =0g =0g =0g =0g = a0;onfrlvnf;jzpfaom/oEÅdau 0g =oEÅdau 0g =oEÅdau 0g =oEÅdau 0g =oEÅdau 0g = eD;onfrlvnf;jzpfaom/ ,H udÍöd ½lyH = ,H udÍöd ½lyH = ,H udÍöd ½lyH = ,H udÍöd ½lyH = ,H udÍöd ½lyH = tvkH;pkHaom½kyfonfvnf;aumif;/ tw¬d = tw¬d = tw¬d = tw¬d = tw¬d = &Sd\/ {wH oAÁH ½lyH = {wH oAÁH ½lyH = {wH oAÁH ½lyH = {wH oAÁH ½lyH = {wH oAÁH ½lyH = þtvkH;pkHaom½kyfw&m;ukd --

1/ {wH ={wH ={wH ={wH ={wH = þ½kyfw&m;onfum;/ e rr = e rr = e rr = e rr = e rr = ig\½kyfw&m; r[kwf/

2/ {aom ={aom ={aom ={aom ={aom = þ½kyfw&m;onfum;/ e t[ro®d = e t[ro®d = e t[ro®d = e t[ro®d = e t[ro®d = ig r[kwf/

3/ {aom ={aom ={aom ={aom ={aom = þ½kyfw&m;onfum;/ ar = ar = ar = ar = ar = ig\/ e twåm = e twåm = e twåm = e twåm = e twåm = twår[kwf/

£wd {0H =£wd {0H =£wd {0H =£wd {0H =£wd {0H = þokdYvQif/ ,xmblwH = ,xmblwH = ,xmblwH = ,xmblwH = ,xmblwH = razmufrjyef [kwfrSefonfhtwkdif;/ or®yÜnm, = or®yÜnm, = or®yÜnm, = or®yÜnm, = or®yÜnm, = aumif;rGefrSefuefpGm odaom 0dyóemynmr*fynmjzifh/ '|AÁH = '|AÁH = '|AÁH = '|AÁH = '|AÁH = ½IyGm;okH;oyftyf\/

emrfcEm (4)yg;ukdvnf; ykHpHwlyJ qufvuf a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/


'Dae&mrSm bk&m;&Sifu yÍö0*¾D&[ef;awmfwkdYukd --

1/ twdwf tem*wf ypöKyÜef tZÑwå A[d'¨ MoVm&du okckr [DeyPDw 'l& oEÅdu - ac:wJh (11)rsKd;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifhwnfaewJh ½kyfw&m;tm;vkH;ukd

2/ (11)rsKd;aomtjcif;t&mtm;jzifh wnfaewJh a0'emw&m;tm;vkH;ukd

3/ tvm;wl onmw&m;tm;vkH;ukd

4/ apwodufocFg&w&m;tm;vkH;ukd

5/ todpdwf0dnmPfw&m;tm;vkH;ukd --

]]aewH rr? aeaom[ro®d? e araom twåm = = = = = igh[m r[kwfç igr[kwfç ig&JUtwå r[kwfvkdY ½Iyg}}[k 0dyóem½IuGufukd oifay;awmfrlygw,f/

aewH rr? aeaom[ro®d? e araom twåmwd orEkyómrDwdtedpöH 'ku©H tewåmwd orEkyómrd/ (r-|-4-232/)

]]igh[m r[kwf? ig r[kwf? ig&JUtwå r[kwf}}vkdY ½Iygqkdwm ]]tedpövkdY½Iyg? 'ku©vkdY ½Iyg? tewåvkdY ½Iyg}} qkdwmESifh twlwl jzpfaMumif;ukdqaEém0g'okwåeft|uxmu &Sif;vif;wifjyxm;ygw,f/

emrfcE¨m (4)yg;ukdvnf; ykHpHwlyJ 0dyóem ½IyGm;&ef bk&m;&SifuqufvufNyD; ñTefMum;ay;awmfrlygw,f/ yÍö0*¾D&[ef;awmfwkdYuvnf;bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;awmfrlonfhtwkdif; w&m;em,l&if;ESifh 0dyóembm0emur®|mef;ukd pD;jzef;awmfrlEkdifMuwJhtwGuf tewåvu©Pokwåefa'oemawmfed*kH; NyD;qkH;vwfaomtcg t&[wåzkdvfü wnfoGm;awmfrlMuygw,f/

okdYaomf 'Dae&mrSm w&m;emy&dowfawGbufu xifjrif ,lq


aumif; xifjrif,lqEkdifwJh tcsufwpfckawmh &Sdygw,f/ yÍö0*¾D&[ef;awmfwkdY[m aomwmyefjzpfawmfrlNyD;ygrS twdwf tem*wf ypöKyÜefpwJh(11)rsKd;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh wnfaewJh Oyg'geu©E¨mig;yg;wkdYukdvu©Pma&; okH;wefokdY wifum 0dyóem ½IyGm;okH;oyfawmfrlMuw,fvkdY xifjrif ,lqaumif; ,lqayvdrfhr,f/ cyfapmapmu opömav;yg;taMumif;ukd &Sif;jycJhNyD;ygNyD/ yÍö0*¾Dig;OD;wkdY[m "r®pMuma'oemawmfenf;t& 'ku©opöm ork',opömw&m;wkdYukd 0dyóem½IyGm; okH;oyfawmfrlEkdifwJhtwGuf aomwmywådr*fÓPf zkdvfÓPfwkdYjzifh edAÁmefukdrsufarSmufjyKawmfrlEkdifMujcif; opömav;yg;ukd xkd;xGif;odjrifawmfrlMujcif; jzpfMuygw,f/

'ku©opömw&m;qkdwmuvnf; a&SUykdif;u &Sif;jycJhwJhtwkdif; twdwftem*wf ypöKyÜef tZÑwå A[d'¨ MoVm&du okckr [De yPDw 'l&oEÅduqkdwJh (11)rsKd;aomtjcif;t&mtm;jzifh wnfaewJh Oyg'geu©Emig;yg;wkdYom jzpfMuygw,f/ yÍö0*¾Dig;OD;wkdY[m 'D'ku©opöm t0iftygjzpfwJh opömav;yg;vkH;ukd 0dyóemynm r*fynmwkdYjzifh xkd;xGif;odjrifawmfrlMuNyD; jzpfygw,f/ okdYaomf t&[wåzkdvfokdY a&mufEkdifavmufatmif todÓPfawGu r&ifhusufao;wJhtwGuf t&[wåzkdvfokdYrqkdufa&mufMuao;jcif; jzpfygw,f/ olwkdY&JU 0dyóemÓPfawGuokdYr[kwf o'¨g 0D&d, owd orm"d ynm qkdwJh £a`E´ig;yg;wkdYut&[wåzkdvfukd &Ekdifavmufatmif &ifhusufvmwJhtcg bk&m;&Sifutewåvu©Pokwåefa'oemawmf ½IuGufwkdYjzifh t&[wåzkdvfaygufacscRwfay;awmfrljcif; jzpfygw,f/ 'DtcsufESifh ywfoufNyD; oHo,ykdNyD; &Sif;oGm;atmif emrnfausmf opöuy&dAkdZfBuD;ESifh bk&m;&SifwkdY&JUtar;-tajzrsm;ukd qufvufNyD; em,lMunfhyg/

wpfcsdefrSm emrnfausmf opöuy&dAkdZfBuD;u bk&m;&Siftm; ar;cGef;wpfckukd ar;jref;ygw,f/ olUar;cGef;uawmh 'Dvkdyg/ --


udwåm0wm p Ek acg abmawm a*gwró om0aum omoe-ua&m a[mwd Mo0g'ywdua&m? wdPÖ0dpdudapäm 0d*wuxHuaxma0om&ZÆyÜawåm ty&yÜpöa,m ow¬Komoae 0d[&wd/

tb,frQavmufaom twkdif;t&SnfyrmPtm;jzifh toQifa*gwr&JU wynfhom0u wpfOD;[m tqkH;trukd vkdufemol ñTefMum;csufudkvkdufemol jzpfygovJ¿ &wemokH;wef uH-uH\tusKd;w&m; ponfwkdYty:ü ,kHrSm;jcif; 0dpdudpämw&m;ukd ausmfvTm;vGefajrmufvsufç okdYavmokdYavm awG;awmjcif; uif;vsufç &J&ifhjcif;ÓPfokdY a&mufvsufç opömav;yg;udk odrIrSm olwpfyg;wkdYtm; ukd;pm;,kHMunf&ef rvkdawmhbJjrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif&JU omoemawmfrSm aexkdifEkdifoljzpfygovJ¿ 'Dvkd oluar;jref;avQmufxm;w,f/ b,fvkdodvkdY jrifvkdY aomwmyefjzpfygovJvkdYar;vkd&if;jzpfygw,f/ 'DtcgrSm bk&m;&Sifu 'Dvkd tajzay;awmfrlvkdufygw,f/

£" t*¾da0óe rr om0aum ,H udÍöd ½lyH twDwmem*wypöKyÜEéHtZÑwåH 0g A[d'¨g 0g MoVm&duH 0g okckrH 0g [DeH 0g yPDwH 0g ,H 'la&oEÅdau 0g? oAÁH ½lyH ]]aewH rr? aeaom[ro®d? e araom twåm}}wd{0arwH ,xmblwH or®yÜnm, yówd/ (r-1-297/)

t*¾da0óetEG,füjzpfaom 'g,umawmfy&dAkdZf ...þomoemawmfü igbk&m;&Sif&JU wynfhom0u[m tZÑwåyifjzpfap A[d'¨yifjzpfap MoVm&duyifjzpfap okckryifjzpfap [Deyifjzpfap yPDwyifjzpfap 'l&yifjzpfap oEÅduyifjzpfap twdwf tem*wf ypöKyÜef jzpfwJh½kyftm;vkH;ukd aewH rr? aeaom[ro®d? e araom twåm =]]þ½kyfonf igh[m r[kwf? þ½kyfonf ig r[kwf? þ½kyfonf ig&JUtwår[kwf}} = ]]tedpöyJ 'ku©yJ tewåyJ}}vkdY 'Dvkd [kwfrSefwJhtwkdif; aumif;rGefrSefuefpGm odwJh 0dyóemynm r*fynmESifh ½Iw,f/ a0'em onm


ocFg& 0dnmPfwkdYukdvnf; ykHpHwlyJ qufvufa[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/

{wåm0wm acg t*¾da0óe rr om0aum omoeua&m a[mwdMo0g'ywdua&m? wdPÖ0dpdudapäm 0d*wuxHuaxm a0om&ZÆyÜawåmty&yÜpöa,m ow¬Komoae 0d[&wd/ (r-1-297/)

'g,umawmf t*¾da0óe ...þrQavmufaom twkdif;t&SnfyrmPjzifh igbk&m;&Sif&JU wynfhom0uwpfOD;[m tqkH;trukd vkdufemol ñTefMum;csufukd vkdufemolwpfOD; jzpfw,f? ,kHrSm;jcif; 0dpdudpämukdausmfvTm;vGefajrmufvsufç okdYavmokdYavm awG;awm,kHrSm;jcif; uif;vsufç &J&ifhjcif;ÓPfokdY a&mufvsufç opömav;yg;ukd odrIrSm olwpfyg;wkdYtm; ukd;pm;,kHMunf&ef rvkdawmhbJ jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif&JU omoemawmfrSm aexkdifEkdifoljzpfygw,f? 'Dvkd bk&m;&Sifu tajzay;awmfrlvkdufygw,f/ wpfcg opöuy&dAkdZfu xyfNyD; ar;jyefw,f/ --

udwåm0wm ye abm a*gwr bdu©K t&[H a[mwd cDPmoa0g0kodw0g uwu&PDa,m Mo[dwbma&m tEkyÜwåo'aw¬m y&du©DP-b0oHa,mZaem or®'nm 0drkawåm/ (r-1-297/)

toQifa*gwr ...tb,frQavmufaom twkdif;t&SnfyrmPjzifh &[ef;awmfwpfyg;[m tmoa0gukefNyD;wJhç r*ftusifhukd usifhokH;NyD;wJhç jyKzG,fr*fudpöukd jyKusifhNyD;wJhç udavom0efxkyf0efykd;ukd csxm;NyD;wJhç rdrd&JU t&[wåzkdvftusKd;pD;yGm;okdY qkdufa&mufNyD;wJhç b0ukdaESmifzGJUwwfwJh oHa,mZOfukefcef;NyD;wJhç trSefw&m;ukd aumif;pGmodívGwfajrmufNyD;wJh &[EÅm jzpfygovJ¿ - 'Dvkd xyfNyD; ar;jyefw,f/'DtcgrSmvnf; bk&m;&Sifu ykHpHwlyJ tajzay;awmfrlygw,f/ --


£" t*¾da0óe bdu©K ,H udÍöd ½lyH twDwmem*wypöKyÜEéH tZÑwåH0g A[d'¨g 0g MoVm&duH 0g okckrH 0g [DeH 0g yPDwH 0g ,H 'la&oEÅdau 0g? oAÁH ½lyH ]]aewH rr? aeaom[ro®d? e araom twåm}}wd{0arwH ,xmblwH or®yÜnm, 'doGm tEkyg'g 0drkawåm a[mwd/

(r-1-297-298/)

t*¾da0óetEG,füjzpfaom 'g,umawmfy&dAkdZf ...þomoemawmfü &[ef;awmfwpfyg;[m tZÑwåyifjzpfap A[d'¨yifjzpfap MoVm&duyifjzpfap okckryifjzpfap [Deyifjzpfap yPDwyifjzpfap 'l&yifjzpfap oEÅduyifjzpfap twdwf tem*wf ypöKyÜefjzpfwJh ½kyftm;vkH;ukd]]þ½kyfonf igh[m r[kwf? þ½kyfonf igr[kwf? þ½kyfonf ig&JUtwår[kwf}} = ]]tedpöyJ 'ku©yJ tewåyJ}}vkdY 'Dvkd 'D½kyfw&m;ukd razmufrjyef[kwfrSefonfhtwkdif; aumif;rGefrSefuefpGmodwJh 0dyóemynm r*fynmESifh ½IjrifwJhtwGuf Oyg'geftpGJtvrf;rS vGwfajrmufoGm;w,f/ /a0'em onm ocFg& 0dnmPfwkdYudkvnf; ykHpHwlyJ qufvufNyD; a[mMum;awmfrlygw,f/

{wåm0wm acg t*¾da0óe bdu©K t&[H a[mwd cDPmoa0g0kodw0g uwu&PDa,m Mo[dwbma&m tEkyÜwåo'aw¬m y&du©DP-b0oHa,mZaem or®'nm 0drkawåm/ (r-1-298/)

t*¾da0óetEG,füjzpfaom 'g,umawmfy&dAkdZf ...þrQavmufaom twkdif;t&SnfyrmPjzifh &[ef;awmfwpfyg;[m tmoa0gukefNyD;wJhç r*ftusifhukd usifhokH;NyD;wJhç jyKzG,fr*fudpöukd jyKusifhNyD;wJhç udavom 0efxkyf0efykd;ukd csxm;NyD;wJhç rdrd&JU t&[wåzkdvf tusKd;pD;yGm;okdYqkdufa&mufNyD;wJhç b0ukd aESmifzGJUwwfwJh oHa,mZOf ukefcef;NyD;wJhçtrSefw&m;ukd aumif;pGmodvsuf vGwfajrmufNyD;wJh &[EÅm jzpfw,f/'Dvkd bk&m;&Sifu tajzay;awmfrlvkdufygw,f/


'Dtajzukd MunfhvQif aomwmyefjzpfatmif usifh&rnfh usifhpOfESifh&[EÅmjzpfatmif usifh&rnfh usifhpOfawG[m wpfxyfwnf; wlnDaewmukd awGUEkdifygw,f/

'Dae&mrSm w&m;emy&dowfawGbufu xyfNyD; ar;csifar;Muvdrfhr,f/ ]]'Dopöuy&dAkdZfukd bk&m;&SifñTefMum;awmfrlwJhtykdif;rSm ork',opöm ryg0ifyghvm;}} - vkdY 'Dvkdawmh ar;csifar;Mur,f/ 'Dae&mrSmaewådygVdawmfrSm vm&SdwJh vu©Pm[m& aewådenf;ukd em;vnfoabmaygufzkdY vkdygw,f/ 'ku©opömw&m;ESifh ork',opömw&m;wkdY[m ocFww&m; (= ocFg&w&m;)awGom jzpfMuwJhtwGuf ocFwvu©Pmcsif;wlnDaewJhtwGuf 'ku©opömü ork',opömukdyg xnfhoGif;pkaygif;uma[mMum;oGm;awmfrlw,fvkYd rSwfyg/

ypöKyÜefcEmig;yg;wkdYukd jzpfapwwfwJh t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg&uHqkdwJh taMumif;w&m;awG[mvnf; twdwfcE¨mig;yg;xJrSm tusKH;0ifaewJh twdwfcEmig;yg;wkdY&JU tpdwftykdif;wpfckomjzpfw,f/ twdwftaMumif;w&m;awGaMumifh jzpfay:vmwJh ypöKyÜeftusKd;cE¨mig;yg;ESifhaemiftem*wfb0wpfckckukd arQmfvifhawmifhwNyD; ypöKyÜefrSm xlaxmifxm;wJh t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uHqkdwJh taMumif;w&m; ig;yg;wkdY[mvnf; ypöKyÜefcEmig;yg;wkdY&JU tpdwftykdif;awGom jzpfMuygw,f/ypöKyÜeftaMumif;w&m;awGaMumifh jzpfay:vmrnfh tem*wftusKd;cE¨mig;yg;qkdwmvnf; tem*wfcE¨mig;yg;wkdY&JU tpdwftykdif;awGomjzpfMuygw,f/ 'gaMumifh twdwfcEmig;yg; ypöKyÜefcEmig;yg; tem*wfcE¨mig;yg;wkYdukd odrf;qnf;vsuf 0dyóem½IyGm;EkdifvQifawmh tJ'DcE¨mawGxJrSm tusKH;0ifaewJh taMumif;ork',opömw&m;awGukdvnf;odrf;qnf;um 0dyóem½Ir,fqdkvQif vG,fulaernfom jzpfygw,f/'gaMumifh bk&m;&Sifu ocFwvu©Pmcsif;wlnDaewJhtwGuf vu©Pmwl&mw&m;rsm;ukd pkaygif;NyD; a[mMum;oGm;awmfrlw,fvkdYyJ rSwfom;yg/


txufykdif; 0dyóemÓPfrsm;

ckvkd - twdwf tem*wf ypöKyÜef tZÑwå A[d' pwJh cEmig;yg;awGukd0dyóem½IwJhtykdif;rSm --

aom umave tZÑwåH or®owd umave A[d'¨g/ (tbd-|-1-270/)

aom umave ½lyH or®owd umave t½lyH/ (tbd-|-1-271/)

aom =aom =aom =aom =aom = xkda,m*Dyk*¾dKvfonf/ umave = umave = umave = umave = umave = &Hcg/ tZÑwåH = tZÑwåH = tZÑwåH = tZÑwåH = tZÑwåH = tZÑwåcEmig;yg;ukd/ or®owd = or®owd = or®owd = or®owd = or®owd = vu©Pma&;okH;wefwifum 0dyóem ½IyGm;okH;oyfí aeay\/ umave = umave = umave = umave = umave = &Hcg/ A[d'¨g = A[d'¨g = A[d'¨g = A[d'¨g = A[d'¨g = A[d'¨ cE¨mig;yg;ukd/or®owd =or®owd =or®owd =or®owd =or®owd = vu©Pma&;okH;wefwifum 0dyóem ½IyGm;okH;oyfí aeay\/

'Dvkd t|uxmBuD;rsm;u ñTefMum;xm;wJhtwGuf &Hcg tZÑwåcEmig;yg;ukd &Hcg A[d'cEmig;yg;ukd vu©Pma&;okH;wef wpfvSnfhpDwifum0dyóem½IyGm;okH;oyfí ae&ygw,f/ 'DcE¨mig;yg;rSmvnf; --

aom =aom =aom =aom =aom = xkda,m*Dyk*¾dKvfonf/ umave = umave = umave = umave = umave = &Hcg/ ½lyH = ½lyH = ½lyH = ½lyH = ½lyH = ½kyfw&m;ukd/or®owd =or®owd =or®owd =or®owd =or®owd = vu©Pma&; okH;wef wpfvSnfhpDwifum 0dyóem ½IyGm;okH;oyfí aeay\/ umave = umave = umave = umave = umave = &Hcg/ t½lyH = t½lyH = t½lyH = t½lyH = t½lyH = emrfw&m;ukd/ or®owd or®owd or®owd or®owd or®owd===== vu©Pma&; okH;wef wpfvSnfhpDwifum 0dyóem ½IyGm;okH;oyfíaeay\/

'Dvkdt|uxmBuD;rsm;u ñTefMum;xm;wJhtwGuf &Hcg ½kyfw&m;ukd&Hcg emrfw&m; (= emrfcE¨m) wkdYukd vu©Pma&; okH;wef wpfvSnfhpDwifum 0dyóem½IyGm; okH;oyf&ygw,f/ twdwf tem*wf ypöKyÜefumvokH;yg;vkH;rSm ykHpHwlyJ ½I&ygw,f/

tJ'Dvkd twdwf tem*wf ypöKyÜefqkdwJh umvokH;yg;ç tZÑwå A[d'¨qkdwJh oEÅmefESpfyg;twGif;rSm wnf&SdwJh cEmig;yg; ½kyfemrfw&m;awGukd


vu©Pma&;okH;wef wpfvSnfhpDwifum 0dyóem½IyGm;okH;oyfvkdufvkdYocFg&w&m;wkdY&JU jzpfrI-ysufrIawGukd cPypöKyÜefodkYqkdufatmif cPwkdif;cPwkdif;rSm &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif;BuD; jrifNyDqkdvQif tJ'DtcgrSm a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu tjzpfukd ESvkH;roGif;awmhbJ tysufoufoufudkyJ wpfzufowfESvkH;oGif;um vu©Pma&; okH;wefwifum qufvufNyD; 0dyóem½I&ygw,f/ tJ'Dvkd½IvkdufvkdY 0dyóemÓPfawGu xufvmNyDqkdvQifocFg&w&m;wkdY&JUtjzpfukd rjrifawmhbJ tysufoufoufukdom jrifvmygvdrfhr,f/ tJ'DtcgrSm o0d*¾[-ac:wJh oP²mefj'yfawG tukefaysmufNyD; y&rwfoufoufukdom jrifaeygvdrfhr,f/ ½kyfuvmyfukdawmif rjrifawmhbJ ½kyfy&rwfoufoufukdom jrifvmygvdrfhr,f/ tJ'DtcgrSm -

ÓwÍö ÓPÍö Oabmyd 0dyówd/ (0dok'd-2-278/)

qkdwJh t|uxmBuD;wdkY&JU ñTefMum;csuftwdkif; - Ówtrnf&wJh0dyóemÓPfESifh xkd;xGif;odtyfwJh 'ku©opömw&m; ork',opömw&m;awGudka&mç ½IaewJh 0dyóemÓPf jy"mef;wJh r[mukokdvf0dyóemraem'Gg&duaZm0Dxd pdwftpOf emrfw&m;pkawGudka&m Ów+ÓPESpfrsKd;vkH;ukdyJ 0dyóem ½Iay;&ygw,f/ txufykdif; 0dyóemÓPftm;vkH;uawmh ocFg&w&m;wkdY&JU tysufoufoufudkyJ tm½kHjyKaeMuygw,f/ tJ'D 0dyóemÓPfawGu &ifhusufvmwJhtcsdefrSm 0dyóemÓPfwdkY&JUtqkH;rSm t&d,r*fÓPfzkdvfÓPfawG ay:vmNyD; xkdr*fÓPfzdkvfÓPfwdkYu tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwf (= edAÁmef) qkdwJh avmukwå&meda&m"opöm w&m;awmfBuD;ukd rsufarSmufjyKaeMuygvdrfhr,f/

pdwåol<u,f&JU 0dyóem

pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;&JU 0dyóemtaMumif;ukd jyefqufMu&atmif .../


pdawåm *[ywd yk&drba0 r'dwocFg&wm, epd&aó0 tem*grd-zvH orÜmykPd/ (tH-|-1-297/)

pdawåm *[ywd =pdawåm *[ywd =pdawåm *[ywd =pdawåm *[ywd =pdawåm *[ywd = pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;onf/ yk&dryk&dryk&dryk&dryk&dr-ba0 =ba0 =ba0 =ba0 =ba0 = a&S;a&S;b0ü/ r'´dwocFg&wm, = r'´dwocFg&wm, = r'´dwocFg&wm, = r'´dwocFg&wm, = r'´dwocFg&wm, = 0dyóemÓPfjzifh BudwfajctyfNyD;wJh ocFg&w&m;&SdonfhtwGufaMumifh/ epd&aó0 = epd&aó0 = epd&aó0 = epd&aó0 = epd&aó0 = rMumrDtcsdefumv twGif;rSmyifvQif ../ tem*grdzvH = tem*grdzvH = tem*grdzvH = tem*grdzvH = tem*grdzvH = tem*grdzkdvfokdY/orÜmykPd =orÜmykPd =orÜmykPd =orÜmykPd =orÜmykPd = aumif;pGm qkdufa&mufcJhavNyD/

pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;u b,fvkd 0dyóemur®|mef;udkpD;jzef;wJhtwGuf tem*grdr*fzdkvfodkY qdkufa&mufoGm;ygovJ¿ 'Dvkdawmhar;p&m &Sdw,f/

a&S;OD;pGm olu - twdwf tem*wf ypöKyÜef tZÑwå A[d' MoVm&duokckr [De yPDw 'l& oEÅduvkdY ac:qdktyfwJh (11)rsKd;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh wnfaewJh cEmig;yg; ½kyfemrfw&m;qkdwJh 'ku©opömw&m;ESifh ,if;'ku©opömw&m;wdkY&JU taMumif;&if; ork',opömw&m;jzpfwJht0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uHawGudk umvokH;yg;vkH;rSmyJ odrf;qnf;ygw,f/ 'D'ku©opöm ork',opömqdkwJh ocFg&w&m;awGudk vu©Pma&;okH;wefodkYwifum 0dyóembm0emur®|mef;ukd pD;jzef;ygw,f/ 'Dvkd0dyóempD;jzef;wJhtykdif;rSm olu tm,wea'oemawmfenf;twkdif;OD;pm;ay;um 0dyóem½IyGm;okH;oyfygw,f/ tm,weqdkwmu --

pu©m,weç aomwm,weç Cmem,weç Zd0Sg,weç um,m,weç rem,weqdkwJh twGif;tm,wew&m;u (6)yg;?

½lyg,weç o'´g,weç *E¨m,weç &om,weç azm|AÁm,weç"r®m,weqdkwJh tjyiftm,wew&m;u (6)yg; --

aygif;vkdufawmh tm,we (12)yg;wdkY jzpfMuygw,f/


'D tm,we a'oemawmfenf;t& 0dyóem vufawGU½IuGufudkr[mowdy|meokwåef t|uxmponfwdkYu t&dyft>ruf ykHpHwpfckudk'Dvkd azmfjyxm;Muygw,f/ --

1/ pu©K pu©m,weH?

2/ ½lyH ½lyg,weH?

3/ 'óeH rem,weH?

4/ a0'em'a,m orÜ,kwå"r®m "r®m,weH/

{0arawoH pwkEéH tm,wemeH or0ga, tmavmue0davm-ueH ynm,wd/ ww¬ aum {aum tmavmauwd? aum 0davm-auwd/ ('D-|-1-175 - omrnzvokwå/ r-|-1-268 - r[mowdy|meokwå/ tbd-

|-2-342 - psme0dbif;/)

1/ pu©K =pu©K =pu©K =pu©K =pu©K = pu©Kyom'onf/ pu©m,weH = pu©m,weH = pu©m,weH = pu©m,weH = pu©m,weH = pu©m,wewnf;/

2/ ½lyH =½lyH =½lyH =½lyH =½lyH = ½lyg½kHonf/ ½lyg,weH = ½lyg,weH = ½lyg,weH = ½lyg,weH = ½lyg,weH = ½lyg,wewnf;/

3/ 'óeH ='óeH ='óeH ='óeH ='óeH = jrifwwfaom pu©K0dnmPfonf/ rem,weH = rem,weH = rem,weH = rem,weH = rem,weH = rem,wewnf;/

4/ a0'em'a,m =a0'em'a,m =a0'em'a,m =a0'em'a,m =a0'em'a,m = a0'em tp&Sdukefaom/ orÜ,kwå"r®m = orÜ,kwå"r®m = orÜ,kwå"r®m = orÜ,kwå"r®m = orÜ,kwå"r®m = orÜ,kwfw&m;wdkYonf/ "r®m,weH = "r®m,weH = "r®m,weH = "r®m,weH = "r®m,weH = "r®m,wewnf;/

{0H{0H{0H{0H{0H ===== þokdYvQif/ {awoH{awoH{awoH{awoH{awoH pwkEé HpwkEé HpwkEé HpwkEé HpwkEé H tm,wemeHtm,wemeHtm,wemeHtm,wemeHtm,wemeH ===== þtm,we(4)yg;wkdY\/ or0ga, = or0ga, = or0ga, = or0ga, = or0ga, = aygif;qkHrdjcif;onf/ owd = owd = owd = owd = owd = &Sdvwfaomf/tmavmue0davmueH =tmavmue0davmueH =tmavmue0davmueH =tmavmue0davmueH =tmavmue0davmueH = wnfhwnfhMunfhjcif; apmif;iJhMunfhjcif;onf/ynm,wd =ynm,wd =ynm,wd =ynm,wd =ynm,wd = xif&Sm;\/ ww¬ = ww¬ = ww¬ = ww¬ = ww¬ = xdkodkY wnfhwnfhMunfh&m apmif;iJhMunfh&mü/ aum {aum = aum {aum = aum {aum = aum {aum = aum {aum = tb,frnfaom yk*¾dKvfowå0g wpfpkHwpfa,mufonf/ tmavmauwd =tmavmauwd =tmavmauwd =tmavmauwd =tmavmauwd = wnfhwnfhMunfhoenf;/ aum {aum = aum {aum = aum {aum = aum {aum = aum {aum =


tb,frnfaom yk*¾dKvfowå0g wpfpkHwpfa,mufonf/ 0davmauwd 0davmauwd 0davmauwd 0davmauwd 0davmauwd===== apmif;iJhMunfhoenf;/

½lyg½kHudk wnfhwnfhMunfh&m apmif;iJhMunfh&m0,f pu©K'Gg&duaZm0DxdpdwftpOfESifh raem'Gg&duaZm0Dxd pdwftpOfwkdY xdkufovdk jzpfoGm;Muygw,f/ tJ'D0Dxdpdwåu©Paygif;rsm;pGmxJu pu©K0dnmPfpdwåu©Ptckdufudk ykHpHxkwfNyD; xkdpu©K0dnmPfpdwåu©PtckdufrSm tm,we(4)yg; jzpfykHudk zGifhqdkjywJhpum;rsm; jzpfMuygw,f/

1/ pu©K0dnmPfESifhwuGaom emrfw&m;pkwdkY&JU rSD&mtm,weu pu©m,we?

2/ pu©K0dnmPfemrfw&m;pkwkdY&JU tm½kHjzpfwJh ½lyg½kHu ½lyg,we?

3/ ½lyg½kHudkjrifwwfwJh pu©K0dnmPfpdwfu rem,we?

4/ pu©K0dnmPfESifh pdwåu©PwpfcktwGif;rSm twl,SOfwGJ jzpfMuwJhzó a0'em onm apwem {u*¾wm ZD0dw reodum& qdkwJhapwoduf (7)vkH;u "r®m,we --

aygif;vdkufawmh pu©K0dnmPfjzpfckdufrSm tm,weav;yg;wdkY jzpfay:vmMuygw,f/ tvm;wlyJ <uif;usefaewJh pdwåu©Pwkdif;rSmvnf;tm,we av;yg;pD jzpfygw,f/ 'Dvkd pdwåu©Pwdkif;rSm - tm,we(4)yg;pD cGJí 0dyóem ½IwJhenf;udk tm,wea'oemawmfenf;vkdYac:ygw,f/ t|uxmBuD;rsm;u (tH-|-1-298/) oVm,we0dbwdåa'oemenf;vkdY ac:a0:okH;pJGxm;ygw,f/ 'Gg& (6)yg;rSm tm½kH (6)yg;wkdYxdckdufvmwdkif; xifvmwdkif; pu©K'Gg&0DxdpwJh 0Dxd (6)rsKd;wdkY jzpfvmMuw,f/ 0Dxdpdwåu©Pwdkif;rSm ykHpHwl ½I&rSm jzpfygw,f/

pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;[m y'krkwå& bk&m;&Sif tp&dSwJh

a&S;a&S;bk&m;&SifwkdY&JU omoemawmftwGif;rSmvnf; 'DocFg&w&m;awGudk 0dyóemÓPfjzifh BudwfajccJhzl;ygw,f/ 'Dvkd jznfhusifhcJhwJhyg&rDawGuvnf; tm;BuD;aomrSD&m Oyedó,ypö,owådjzifh r*fzdkvfedAÁmefodkY a&muf&SdEkdifatmif aus;Zl;jyKay;vsuf &SdMuygw,f/ 'Db0rSmvnf; yÍö0*¾D&[ef;awmf ig;OD;wdkYwGif wpfyg;tygt0if jzpfawmfrlwJht&Sifr[memr rax&fjrwfwdkYuJhodkYaom olawmfaumif;rsm;udk qnf;uyfcGifh &&Sdjcif;ç r*faygufzkdvf0if edAÁmefudk jrifodapwwfwJh w&m;"r®rsm;udk emMum;cGifh &&Sdjcif;ç w&m;ESifhavsmfpGm orx 0dyóem bm0emwkdYudk vufawGUusus pepfwus enf;rSefvrf;rSef usifhokH;Ekdifjcif; pwJhyg&rD taMumif;w&m;wdkYaMumifh txl;ojzifh tm,wea'oemawmfenf;t& 0dyóembm0emudk usifhokH;EkdifwJhtwGufaMumifh rMumrDtcsdefumvtwGif;rSmyJ tem*grdr*fÓPf zkdvfÓPfokdY qdkufa&mufoGm;cJhygw,f/

²²²

ggggg ]]aMo]]aMo]]aMo]]aMo]]aMommmmm f. . f. . f. . f. . f. . ..... tvGeftHhMozG,faumif;wJh tvGeftHhMozG,faumif;wJh tvGeftHhMozG,faumif;wJh tvGeftHhMozG,faumif;wJh tvGeftHhMozG,faumif;wJh

'g,umwpfOD; jzpfw,f?'g,umwpfOD; jzpfw,f?'g,umwpfOD; jzpfw,f?'g,umwpfOD; jzpfw,f?'g,umwpfOD; jzpfw,f?

b,fae&mrsKd;rqdk a&mufa&mufcsif;b,fae&mrsKd;rqdk a&mufa&mufcsif;b,fae&mrsKd;rqdk a&mufa&mufcsif;b,fae&mrsKd;rqdk a&mufa&mufcsif;b,fae&mrsKd;rqdk a&mufa&mufcsif;

ylaZmfrI jrwfEd k;rIawGu jzpfaeygvm;/ylaZmfrI jrwfEd k;rIawGu jzpfaeygvm;/ylaZmfrI jrwfEd k;rIawGu jzpfaeygvm;/ylaZmfrI jrwfEd k;rIawGu jzpfaeygvm;/ylaZmfrI jrwfEd k;rIawGu jzpfaeygvm;/

'D ylaZmfrI jrwfEd k;rIawGonf . .'D ylaZmfrI jrwfEd k;rIawGonf . .'D ylaZmfrI jrwfEd k;rIawGonf . .'D ylaZmfrI jrwfEd k;rIawGonf . .'D ylaZmfrI jrwfEd k;rIawGonf . .

bk&m;udk vmzl;wJhtcsdeftcgrSomvQifbk&m;udk vmzl;wJhtcsdeftcgrSomvQifbk&m;udk vmzl;wJhtcsdeftcgrSomvQifbk&m;udk vmzl;wJhtcsdeftcgrSomvQifbk&m;udk vmzl;wJhtcsdeftcgrSomvQif

'Dvdk ylaZmfrI jrwfEd k;rIawG jzpfw,f?'Dvdk ylaZmfrI jrwfEd k;rIawG jzpfw,f?'Dvdk ylaZmfrI jrwfEd k;rIawG jzpfw,f?'Dvdk ylaZmfrI jrwfEd k;rIawG jzpfw,f?'Dvdk ylaZmfrI jrwfEd k;rIawG jzpfw,f?

wjcm;wjcm; ae&mudk oGm;cJ hr,fqdkvdk Y&S dvQifwjcm;wjcm; ae&mudk oGm;cJ hr,fqdkvdk Y&S dvQifwjcm;wjcm; ae&mudk oGm;cJ hr,fqdkvdk Y&S dvQifwjcm;wjcm; ae&mudk oGm;cJ hr,fqdkvdk Y&S dvQifwjcm;wjcm; ae&mudk oGm;cJ hr,fqdkvdk Y&S dvQif

'D pdwåol<u,f'g,umrSm'D pdwåol<u,f'g,umrSm'D pdwåol<u,f'g,umrSm'D pdwåol<u,f'g,umrSm'D pdwåol<u,f'g,umrSm

'Dvdk ylaZmfouúm&rIawG . .'Dvdk ylaZmfouúm&rIawG . .'Dvdk ylaZmfouúm&rIawG . .'Dvdk ylaZmfouúm&rIawG . .'Dvdk ylaZmfouúm&rIawG . .(pmrsufESm-328/)


tcef; (5)

pdwåol<u,f bk&m;zl;xGufjcif;

rMumrD tcsdefumvtwGif;rSm pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;tem*grdr*fzdkvf qdkufoGm;NyD/ qdkufoGm;wJhtcsdeftcgusawmh olupOf;pm;NyD/ tem*grdr*fzdkvfqdkufNyD;wJhtcsdeftcgrSm olpOf;pm;rdykHu ..

]]jrwfpGmbk&m;udkvnf; igwpfcgrS rzl;&ao;bl;? igvnf; tem*grdr*fÓPf zdkvfÓPfodkY a&mufNyD/ jrwfpGmbk&m;udk igrzl;&vQifawmhightwGuf roifhawmfbl;}}vdkY - 'Dvdk olu pOf;pm;w,f/ pOf;pm;wJhtwGuf --

t[H 'oAvH t'doGm0 pd&H 0Dwdemaroð? ow¬K oEÅduH *päaEÅeye t,kwåH wkpä[aw¬e *EÅH K/ (tH-|-1-298/)

]]jrwfpGmbk&m;udk rzl;awGU&bJESifh igaecJhwm tvGefMumoGm;NyDjzpfw,f? jrwfpGmbk&m;xH igoGm;r,fqdkvdkY&Sd&ifvnf; vufxJrSm bmrQrygbJESifhawmh oGm;vdkYrawmfbl;}} - 'Dvdk olu pOf;pm;w,f/ pOf;pm;NyD;wJhtcsdeftcgusawmh bmvkyfovJ¿ --

] 323


NrdKUxJrSm olUvSnf;awGtm;vHk;qif? vSnf;tpD;ig;&m tm;vHk; ypönf;awGwif? pdwåol<u,fESifh bk&m;zl;vdkufcsifwJhyk*¾dKvftm;vHk; vdkufEdkifw,fqdkNyD; a<u;aMumfvdkufw,f/ &[ef; ig;&mç bdu©KeDr ig;&mç Oygoumig;&mç Oygodumr ig;&mç olU&JUtvkyftauR;'g,umu wpfaxmif?aygif;vdkufawmh y&dowf oHk;axmif vSnf;tpD; ig;&mjzifh bk&m;zl;xGufMuNyD/

'Dvdk bk&m;zl;xGufvdkufNyDqdkwmESifh wpfNydKifeufwnf; ewfawGuqD;NyD; BudKMuw,f/

rpädumo@uaeNyD;awmh om0w¬dudk ,lZemoHk;q,f &Sdw,f/ tJ'D,lZem oHk;q,f&SdwJh c&D;udk xGufwJh tcsdeftcgrSm wpf,lZemvQifwJausmif;wpfck ,m,DwJr@yfawG xdk;NyD;awmh ewfawGu qD;NyD;BudKMuw,f/ pm;zG,faomufzG,fawG vdkavao; r&Sdatmif tm;vHk;ewfawGu apmifhNyD;awmh jyKpkvkyfauR;Muw,f/

tJ'Denf;pepfjzifh om0w¬da&mufoGm;NyD/ vSnf;ay:rSmygvmwJh vSnf;tpD; ig;&m wifxm;wJh ypönf;awG wpfckrS roHk;&bl;/ aZw0efausmif;wdkuf a&mufrnfhaeYusawmh xdknaerSm jrwfpGmbk&m;u t&SiftmeE´mudk,fawmfjrwfudk BudKwifNyD;awmh trdefY&Sdawmfrlw,f/

]]tmeE´m ... 'DaeY naecif;tcsdeftcgrSm pdwåol<u,f 'g,umuawmh igbk&m;xH a&muf&Sdvmvdrfhr,f}}vdkY trdefY&Sdawmfrlw,f/

xl;uJaom wefcdk;jym#d[m

tJ'DtcgrSm xl;uJaom wefcdk;jym#d[mrsm; jzpfaumif;jzpfygrvm;jrwfpGmbk&m;vdkY avQmufxm;awmh ...

]]jzpfvdrfhr,f tmeE´m ... b,fvdk wefcdk;jym#d[mrsm; jzpfrvJ

pdwåol<u,f bk&m;zl;xGufjcif; ] 325

qdkawmh -- pdwåol<u,fu igbk&m;&JU ajcawmf&if;udk 0yfpif; &Sdcdk; OD;csvdkufonfESifh wpfNydKifeufwnf; ig;rsKd;aomtqif;&SdwJh ewfyef;rdk;BuD;&GmoGef;NyD; csvdrfhr,f}} - 'Dvdk jrwfpGmbk&m;u trdefY&Sdw,f/

'Dpum;u aZw0efausmif;wdkufuae om0w¬dNrdKUxJtxd jyefYESHUoGm;awmh om0w¬dNrdKUolNrdKUom;awGuvnf; ]]'Davmufbkef;uHBuD;rm;wJh'g,umwpfOD;udk wdkYoGm;NyD;awmh awGUqHkMur,f}} qdkNyD;awmh vufaqmifyPÖmawG yef;qDrD;awG ,laqmifNyD;awmh aZw0efausmif;wdkuf a&muf&SdvmMuw,f/

tJ'Dvdk a&muf&SdvmwJhtcsdeftcgrSm pdwåol<u,f 'g,umuvnf;aZw0efausmif;wdkuf qdkufa&mufvdkufawmh -- jrwfpGmbk&m;udk zl;ajrmfzkdY&eftwGuf &[ef;oHCmawGudk a&S;OD;pGm <uawmfrl&ef avQmufxm;ygw,f/ xdkYaemuf bdu©KeDawGudk avQmufxm;ygw,f/

tJ'DaemufrS OygoumawGudk ac:NyD;awmh pdwåol<u,fu OD;aqmifNyD; jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY zl;ajrmf&ef 0ifMuw,f/ trsKd;orD;awGudkawmhcsefvSyfxm;cJhygw,f/

jrwfpGmbk&m;xH 0ifvmNyD/ y&dowfawGuvnf; jrwfpGmbk&m;a&SUrSmckvdkaygh vrf;uav; csefNyD;awmh xdkifaeMuw,f? pdwåol<u,f vmvdrfhr,fqdkNyD;awmh ajrmfaeMuw,f/ 0ifvnf;vma&m tm;vHk;0dkif;NyD;awmhMunfhMuw,f ]]pdwåol<u,fqdkwm 'Dvdkyk*¾dKvfyJ? pdwåol<u,fqdkwm 'Dvdkyk*¾dKvfyJ}} qdkNyD; 0dkif;NyD; MunfhMuNyD/

MunfhvdkufwJhtcsdeftcgrSm jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif&JUajcawmf&if; 0yfpif;csvdkufonfESifh wpfNydKifeufwnf; bmjzpfovJ¿ --

aom ow¬K oEÅduH *EÉm yÍöywd|dawe ow¬m&H 0Ed? wo® ð caPtmumom yÍö0PÖmeH ykyæmeH 0óH 0ód/ (tH-|-1-298/)


aom =aom =aom =aom =aom = xdkpdwåol<u,fonf/ ow¬K oEÅduH = ow¬K oEÅduH = ow¬K oEÅduH = ow¬K oEÅduH = ow¬K oEÅduH = bk&m;&Sif\ xHawmfarSmufodkY/ *EÉm = *EÉm = *EÉm = *EÉm = *EÉm = oGm;í/ yÍöywd|dawe = yÍöywd|dawe = yÍöywd|dawe = yÍöywd|dawe = yÍöywd|dawe = ig;yg;aom xdjcif;jzifh/ow¬m&H =ow¬m&H =ow¬m&H =ow¬m&H =ow¬m&H = jrwfpGmbk&m;udk/ 0E´ d = 0E´ d = 0E´ d = 0E´ d = 0E´ d = &Sdcdk;avNyD/

wo®ð caP =wo®ð caP =wo®ð caP =wo®ð caP =wo®ð caP = xdkcPü/ tmumom = tmumom = tmumom = tmumom = tmumom = aumif;uifrS/ yÍö0PÖmeH yÍö0PÖmeH yÍö0PÖmeH yÍö0PÖmeH yÍö0PÖmeHykyæmeH =ykyæmeH =ykyæmeH =ykyæmeH =ykyæmeH = ig;rsKd;aom tqif;&Sdaom yef;wdkY\/ 0óH = 0óH = 0óH = 0óH = 0óH = yef;rdk;onf/0ód =0ód =0ód =0ód =0ód = &GmoGef;cJhavNyD/

jrwfpGmbk&m; ajcawmf&if;udk 0yfpif;NyD; &Sdcdk; OD;wdkufvdkufw,f/ig;yg;aom xdjcif;jzifh &Sdcdk; OD;wdkufvdkufonfESifh wpfNydKifeufwnf;ig;rsKd;aom tqif;&SdwJh ewfyef;rdk;BuD;onf &Spfrif;y,fcefY&SdwJh t&yfa'owdkifatmif &GmoGef;w,f/ ewfawG vlawG 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;omjzifhtkwftkwfusufusuf tm;vHk; jzpfoGm;Muw,f/

tJ'Dvdk &Sdcdk;NyD;wJhtcsdeftcgrSm jrwfpGmbk&m;uvnf; 'Dpdwåol<u,fudk b,fvdk qdfkqHk;ray;awmfrlovJ¿

tm,wea'oem

ow¬m wó tZÑmo,0aoe oVm,we0dbwådar0 uaxod/ (tH-|-1-298/)

tm,we wpfq,fhESpfyg;enf;ESifh 0dyóem½IuGufudk jrwfpGmbk&m;u 'Dpdwåol<u,fudk xyfqifhNyD;awmh a[mMum;jyo qdkqHk;ray;awmfrljyefw,fwJh/ pdwf-apwoduf-½kyfw&m;awGudk wpfq,fhESpfyHk yHkNyD;awmh0dyóem½IzdkY jrwfpGmbk&m;u oifay;NyD/

aZw0efausmif;wdkufrSm&SdwJh &[ef;oHCmawGç aemufu ygvmwJh&[ef;oHCmawGESifh vly&dowfawG tm;vHk;udkvnf; pdwåol<u,fuyJ'dkifcHNyD;awmh auR;arG;jyKpk apmifha&Smufay;ygw,f/


pdwåol<u,f wpfvwdwd aZw0efausmif;wdkufrSmaeygw,f/ &[ef;oHCmawGESifhwuG aemufuygvmwJh y&dowftm;vHk;udk auR;arG;NyD/'dkifcHauR;arG;aomfvnf; olUvSnf;ay:rSm ygvmwJh ypönf;awG wpfckrSrukefbl;/ vlawGewfawGu ydkYaqmifay;wJh vufaqmifyPÖmjzifhyifvQifjrwfpGmbk&m; trSL;&SdwJh oHCmawmfawGudkvnf; jyKpkvkyfauR;w,f?aemufuygvmwJh y&dowfawGukdvnf; jyKpkvkyfauR;ygw,f/ wpfvwdwd MumoGm;w,f/

wpfvwdwdMumaomfvnf; ukefEdkifwJhpGrf;tm; r&Sdbl;/ r&SdwJhtcsdeftcgusawmh jrwfpGmbk&m;xH csOf;uyf? csOf;uyfNyD;awmh --

]]jrwfpGmbk&m; ...wynfhawmfrSmygvmwJh ypönf;awG[m wpfvwdwd Mumaomfvnf; vSL'gef;cGifh r&ygbl;/ aemufxyf wpfESpfwdkifwdkifwynfhawmf qufNyD; aeaomfvnf; 'DyHkpHtwdkif;yJ jzpfaeygvdrfhr,fjrwfpGmbk&m;/ 'gaMumifh wynfhawmfrSm ygvmwJh ypönf;awGudk bk&m;trSL;&SdwJh oHCmtwGuf wynfhawmf vSL'gef;vdkygw,f/ ypönf;awGvSL'gef;zdkY&eftwGuf ae&mudk ñTefMum;jyoay;awmfrlyg}} - qdkNyD;awmhjrwfpGmbk&m;udk avQmufxm;awmh ..

bk&m;&Sifu t&SiftmeEmudktrdefY&SdvdkufwJhtwGuf oifhwifhavsmufywfwJh wpfae&mrSm 'Dypönf;awGudk csMuw,f/ vSnf;ay:rSm&SdwJh ypönf;awG csefrxm;bl;? tukefvHk; vSLvdkufw,f/

tukefvSLNyD;awmh jyefr,fvkyfawmh NrdKUolNrdKUom;awGua&m ewfawGua&m --

]]pdwåol<u,f ...oif[m tcsnf;ESD;aom vSnf;awGjzifh vrf;c&D;jyefzdkY&eftwGuf uHawGudk jyKpkysKd;axmifxm;wJh yk*¾dKvf r[kwfygbl;}}qdkNyD;awmh ewfawGu olU&JUvSnf;ay:rSm &wemawGudk vSnf;tjynfhwifay;vdkufw,f/


wifay;NyD;wJhtcsdeftcgusawmh &wemtjynfh wifaqmifNyD;awmhjyefMuw,f/ vrf;c&D;wpfavQmufrSmvnf; rdrdaemufuygvmwJh y&dowfawGudk auR;arG;NyD;awmh oGm;ygw,f/ rpädumo@NrdKUudk qdkufa&mufoGm;wJhtxd auR;arG;oGm;w,f/

tJ'DtcsdeftcgrSm t&SiftmeEmudk,fawmfjrwfESifh y&dowfawGu-]]aMomf...tvGeftHhMozG,faumif;wJh 'g,umwpfOD;jzpfw,f? b,fae&mrsKd;rqdk a&mufa&mufcsif; ylaZmfrI jrwfEdk;rIawGu jzpfaeygvm;/ 'DylaZmfrI jrwfEdk;rIawGonf bk&m;udk vmzl;wJhtcsdeftcgrSomvQif 'DvdkylaZmfrI jrwfEdk;rIawG jzpfw,f? wjcm;wjcm; ae&mudk oGm;cJhr,fqdkvdkY&SdvQif 'Dpdwåol<u,f'g,umrSm 'DvdkylaZmfouúm&rIawG 'DvdkthHMozG,f&mwefcdk;jym#d[mawG jzpfEdkifrvm; rjzpfEdkifbl;vm;}} qdkwmudk - t&SiftmeE´mu jrwfpGmbk&m;udk wifjyavQmufxm;awmh jrwfpGmbk&m;u*gxmuav;wpfckudk a[mMum;ay;awmfrlygw,f/

o'¨g-oDvjynfhpkHolqdkwm

oa'¨g oDave orÜaEém? ,aom abm*oryÜdawm/,H ,H ya'oH bZwd? ww¬ waw¬0 ylZdawm/

(tH-|-1-298/ "r®y'-pmydk'f-303/)

tmeE´ =tmeE´ =tmeE´ =tmeE´ =tmeE´ = nDbGm; tmeE´m .../ oa'¨g = oa'¨g = oa'¨g = oa'¨g = oa'¨g = avmuD avmukwå&mo'gESpfykHjzifh ukHvkHjynfh0vsuf&Sdaom/ oDave orÜaEém = oDave orÜaEém = oDave orÜaEém = oDave orÜaEém = oDave orÜaEém = vlwdkYusifh&moDvodu©mESifh avmufiSukHvkH jynfhpkH<u,f0vsuf &Sdaom/ ,aom ,aom ,aom ,aom ,aomabm*oryÜdawm =abm*oryÜdawm =abm*oryÜdawm =abm*oryÜdawm =abm*oryÜdawm = t&d,m om0u Oygoum ig;&m rsm;pGmaomtjcHt&HESifhwuG avmuDOpöm olawmfaumif;Opöm þESpfjzmwdkYESifh vGefpGmjynfh0 pkHnDvsuf&Sdaom t&d,mom0uonf/ ,H ,H ya'oH = ,H ,H ya'oH = ,H ,H ya'oH = ,H ,H ya'oH = ,H ,H ya'oH = ta&SUtaemuf awmif ajrmuf rnfwGif trSwfrxif tMuiftMuifodkYaomt&yfodkY/ bZwd = bZwd = bZwd = bZwd = bZwd = oGm;a&mufay\/ aom = aom = aom = aom = aom = xdk bk&m;&Sif\ wynfh


t&d,mom0uudk/ ww¬ waw¬0 = ww¬ waw¬0 = ww¬ waw¬0 = ww¬ waw¬0 = ww¬ waw¬0 = a&mufav&m&m xdkxdkt&yfüomvQif/ ylZdawm = ylZdawm = ylZdawm = ylZdawm = ylZdawm = arwåm o'g apwemvTrf;ywf vlESifhewfwdkY av;jrwfaumfa&mf ylaZmftyfayownf;/ (om"k om"k om"k)

avmuD"eOpöm t&d,molawmfaumif;OpömqdkwJh OpömESpfjzmwdkYjzifhjynfh0pHknDvsuf&SdwJh 'D igbk&m;&Sif\wynfh t&d,mom0ujzpfwJh pdwåol<u,f 'g,umonf b,fae&mudkyJoGm;oGm; vlESifhewfwdkYu arwåmapwem o'¨g"mwfawGESifh jynfh0pHknDpGmjzifh ylaZmfaeonfom jzpfygw,f - qdkNyD;awmh jrwfpGmbk&m;u trdefY&Sdawmfrlygw,f/

'Dtcsdeftcguae pNyD;awmh pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;onf b,fvdktqifh a&mufoGm;ovJ¿

aom wawm y|m, t&d,om0umeHa,0 OygoumeH yÍö[doaw[d y&d0kawm 0dp&wd/ (tH-|-1-298/)

aom = aom = aom = aom = aom = xdk pdwåol<u,f 'g,umonf/ wawm y|m, = wawm y|m, = wawm y|m, = wawm y|m, = wawm y|m, = xdktcsdeftcgrS pí/ t&d,om0umeHa,0 OygoumeH = t&d,om0umeHa,0 OygoumeH = t&d,om0umeHa,0 OygoumeH = t&d,om0umeHa,0 OygoumeH = t&d,om0umeHa,0 OygoumeH = t&d,molawmfaumif;omvQif jzpfMuwJh OygoumwdkY\/ yÍö[d oaw[d = yÍö[d oaw[d = yÍö[d oaw[d = yÍö[d oaw[d = yÍö[d oaw[d = ig;&mtwdkif;t&SnfwdkYjzifh/ y&d0kawm = y&d0kawm = y&d0kawm = y&d0kawm = y&d0kawm = tjrJrjywf jcH&Hvsuf/ 0dp&wd = 0dp&wd = 0dp&wd = 0dp&wd = 0dp&wd =vSnfhvnfusufpm;í ae&ay\/

xdktcsdeftcgupNyD; pdwåol<u,f'g,umBuD;&JU oGm;av&m vmav&m b,fae&mrSmrqdk aomwmyef t&d,molawmfaumif; Oygoumig;&m jcH&HNyD;awmh tjrJwrf; vSnfhvnfusufpm; oGm;vmNyD; ae&w,f?tjcHt&H rsm;w,f/

bmjzpfvdkY 'Dvdk tjcHt&HtausmftapmawG rsm;&ovJ¿ csrf;ompnf;pdrfawG <u,f0&ovJ¿ jyefajymif;NyD; qef;ppfMunfhvdkufawmh ...


tjrwfqkH;w&m;ESifh jynfhpkHolqdkwm


(tH-1-344/)

t*¾"r®orm[dawm = t*¾"r®orm[dawm = t*¾"r®orm[dawm = t*¾"r®orm[dawm = t*¾"r®orm[dawm = tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh avmuD avm-ukwå&m w&m;xl; w&m;jrwfawGESifh jynfhpkHonfjzpfí/ t*¾ó = t*¾ó = t*¾ó = t*¾ó = t*¾ó = tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh &wem okH;yg;tm;/ 'gwm = 'gwm = 'gwm = 'gwm = 'gwm = ay;vSLavh&SdwJh/ar"m0D =ar"m0D =ar"m0D =ar"m0D =ar"m0D = ynm&SdwJhyk*¾dKvfonf/ a'0blawm 0g = a'0blawm 0g = a'0blawm 0g = a'0blawm 0g = a'0blawm 0g = ewfjzpfaomfvnf;aumif;/ rEkaóm 0g = rEkóblawm 0g = rEkaóm 0g = rEkóblawm 0g = rEkaóm 0g = rEkóblawm 0g = rEkaóm 0g = rEkóblawm 0g = rEkaóm 0g = rEkóblawm 0g = vljzpfaomfvnf;aumif;/t*¾yawåm =t*¾yawåm =t*¾yawåm =t*¾yawåm =t*¾yawåm = tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh tusKd;w&m; &&SdwJh b0okdYa&muf&Sd&onf jzpfí/ yarm'wd = yarm'wd = yarm'wd = yarm'wd = yarm'wd = ESpfouf&Tifys 0rf;ajrmuf&ayownf;/ (om"k om"k om"k)

pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;udk,fwdkifu tomqHk; tjrwfqHk;jzpfwJhavmuD avmukwå&m w&m;xl; w&m;jrwfawGESifh jynfhpHkw,f? tem*grdr*fÓPf zdkvfÓPftxd qdkufcJhw,f/ tomqHk; tjrwfqHk;jzpfwJh &wemoHk;yg;udkvnf; vSL'gef;ylaZmfavh&Sdw,f/ 'gembd&w "r®mbd&w - 'geESifharGUavsmfaysmfydkuf ESpfNcdKufwJh olawmfaumif;BuD;vnf;jzpfw,f? w&m;ESifharGUavsmfaysmfydkuf ESpfNcdKufaewJh olawmfaumif;BuD;vnf; jzpfygw,f/

'Dt*FgESpfcsuf pHknDwJhtwGuf tm,k = tm,k = tm,k = tm,k = tm,k = touf&Snfw,f/ 0PÖ = 0PÖ = 0PÖ = 0PÖ = 0PÖ =tqif;vSw,f/ ,o = ,o = ,o = ,o = ,o = t&d,molawmfaumif;vdkY ac:qdktyfwJh Oyg-oum ig;&m tjrJwrf; tjcHt&H &Sdw,f/ udwåd = udwåd = udwåd = udwåd = udwåd = emrnfowif; ausmfMum;w,f/ okc = okc = okc = okc = okc = udk,f\ csrf;omjcif;ç pdwf\ csrf;omjcif;ESifhvnf;jynfhpHkw,f/ Av = Av = Av = Av = Av = um,Av ÓPAv pGrf;tm;awGESifhvnf; jynfhpHkw,f/


udk,f\csrf;omjcif;&SdwJh ausmif;'g,umBuD; jzpfcJhw,f/ trÁm#um-&mr trnf&wJh ausmif;wdkufBuD;wpfck wnfaxmifNyD;awmh bk&m;trSL;&SdwJh oHCmawmfawGudk yifhzdwfNyD; vSL'gef; ylaZmfxm;w,f/ aeYpOfedpöbwf taetm;jzifhvnf; oHCmawmfawGudk qGrf;jzifh jyKpkvkyfauR;ygw,f/

avmuDpnf;pdrfOpömbufu csrf;om<u,f0w,f/ a&mufav&mb,fXmerSmrqdk ewfawG vlawGu vufaqmifyPÖmaygif; rsm;pGmqufoylaZmfMuw,f/

avmuDOpömwGifom csrf;omovm;vdkYar;awmh avmukwå&mOpömbufu MunfhvQifvnf; tem*grdr*fÓPf zdkvfÓPfwdkifatmif psmefcsrf;om r*fcsrf;om zdkvfcsrf;om 0dyóemcsrf;omqdkwJh tqifhtwef;tvGefjrifhaewJh csrf;omokcBuD;awGESifhvnf; jynfhpHkaew,f/ um,AvÓPAvqdkwJh pGrf;tm;awGESifhvnf; jynfhpHkaew,f/

tomqHk;tjrwfqHk;jzpfwJh &wemoHk;yg;udk tomqHk;tjrwfqHk;jzpfwJhylaZmfjcif;jzifh ylaZmfcJhwJh 'g,umBuD; jzpfjcif;aMumifh tomqHk; tjrwfqHk;qdkwJh tusKd;w&m;awGudk &&Sdaejcif; jzpfw,f/

'gaMumifh 'DaeY w&m;emy&dowftaygif; olawmfaumif;wdkYuvnf;pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;udk twk,lNyD; tomqHk;tjrwfqHk;jzpfwJh w&m;xl; w&m;jrwfawGESifh jynfhpHkatmif usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfEdkifMuygap? pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;vdk tomqHk; tjrwfqHk; jzpfwJh&wemoHk;yg;tm; tomqHk; tjrwfqHk;aom ylaZmfjcif;jzifhvnf; ylaZmfEdkifMuygapvdkY 'Dvdk twk,lNyD; usifhMuH BudK;ukwf yGm;rsm; tm;xkwfEdkifygapjcif;tvdkYiSm &nf&G,fNyD;awmh 'Dpdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;taMumif;udka[mMum;aejcif;vnf; jzpfygw,f/


wpfcsdef - bk&m;&Sifu wynfh Oygoum 'g,umawGudk tpOftwdkif; {w'*fxm;wJhtcgrSm - 'D pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;udkvnf;bk&m;&Sifu {w'*fbGJUxl;wpfckudk csD;jr§ifhawmfrlygw,f/

{w'*fbGJUxl; &&Sd jcif;

{w'*¾H bdu©a0 rr om0umeH OygoumeH "r®uxdumeH ,'d'Hpdawåm *[ywd rpädumo@daum/ (tH-1-27/)

bdu©a0 = bdu©a0 = bdu©a0 = bdu©a0 = bdu©a0 = cspfom;&[ef;wdkY .../ "r®uxdumeH = "r®uxdumeH = "r®uxdumeH = "r®uxdumeH = "r®uxdumeH = w&m;pum;udka[mMum;jyo qdkqkH;rwwfonfh "r®uxdu jzpfMuukefaom/ rr = rr = rr = rr = rr =igbk&m;&Sif\/ om0umeH OygoumeH = om0umeH OygoumeH = om0umeH OygoumeH = om0umeH OygoumeH = om0umeH OygoumeH = wynfhOygoum 'g,umwdkYwGif/ rpä dumo@daum = rpädumo@daum = rpädumo@daum = rpädumo@daum = rpädumo@daum = rpädumo@NrdKUom;jzpfaom/ ,'d'H ,'d'H ,'d'H ,'d'H ,'d'Hpdawåm *[ywd =pdawåm *[ywd =pdawåm *[ywd =pdawåm *[ywd =pdawåm *[ywd = tMuif pdwåol<u,fonf/ tw¬d = tw¬d = tw¬d = tw¬d = tw¬d = &Sday\/ {wH {wH {wH {wH {wH===== þpdwåol<u,fonf/ t*¾H = t*¾H = t*¾H = t*¾H = t*¾H = tomqkH; tjrwfqkH; jzpfay\/

igbk&m;&Sif\ Oygoum wynfh'g,umawGxJrSm "r®uxdu w&m;a[maumif;wJht&mrSm tomqHk; tjrwfqHk; {w'*f&wJhyk*¾dKvfuawmhpdwåol<u,fjzpfw,fqdkNyD;awmh jrwfpGmbk&m;u pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;udk {w'*f xm;awmfrlygw,f/

bmudk taMumif;taxmuftyHh jyKNyD;awmh 'D pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;udk {w'*f&mxl;jzifh bk&m;&Sifu csD;jr§ifhawmfrl&ovJ¿

pdwåoH,kwfudk taMumif;cHNyD;awmh bk&m;&Sifu csD;jr§ifhawmfrlw,fvdkY'Dvdk t|uxmrsm;u zGifhqdkxm;Muygw,f/ (tH-|-1-299/)

pdwåol<u,f'g,umBuD;&JU w&m;tqifhtwef; jrifhrm;yHkawGudkvnf;xdkpdwåoH,kwfokwåefawGrSm vm&Sdygw,f/


aemufwpfck - pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;&JU "r®mbd&w - - - - - w&m;ESifharGUavsmf aysmfydkuf ESpfNcdKufyHkawGvnf; xdkokwåefrsm;rSm azmfjyxm;ygw,f/

'gaMumifh 'DaeYn tJ'D pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;&JUtaMumif;t&mESifhqufpyfaewJh 'DokwåefawGudk twdkcsKyfNyD;awmh bkef;BuD;a[mzdkY &nf&G,fxm;ygw,f/ pdwåoH,kwfrSm okwåefaygif; (10)okwf &Sdygw,f/

eHygwf (1) okwåefuawmh oHa,mZeokwåef (oH-2-474-475/) jzpfygw,f/

²²²

ggggg 'Dvd k . . 'Dvd k . . 'Dvd k . . 'Dvd k . . 'Dvd k . .

wifjyavQmufxm;csufay;wifjyavQmufxm;csufay;wifjyavQmufxm;csufay;wifjyavQmufxm;csufay;wifjyavQmufxm;csufay;wmudk MunhfvQifwmudk MunhfvQifwmudk MunhfvQifwmudk MunhfvQifwmudk MunhfvQif

ol[m . .ol[m . .ol[m . .ol[m . .ol[m . .

w&m;üarGUavsmf aysmfyd kuf ESpfNcdKufrIw&m;üarGUavsmf aysmfyd kuf ESpfNcdKufrIw&m;üarGUavsmf aysmfyd kuf ESpfNcdKufrIw&m;üarGUavsmf aysmfyd kuf ESpfNcdKufrIw&m;üarGUavsmf aysmfyd kuf ESpfNcdKufrI

b,favmuf&Sdw,fqdkwmudk b,favmuf&Sdw,fqdkwmudk b,favmuf&Sdw,fqdkwmudk b,favmuf&Sdw,fqdkwmudk b,favmuf&Sdw,fqdkwmudk odEd kifw,f/odEd kifw,f/odEd kifw,f/odEd kifw,f/odEd kifw,f/

w&m;üarGUavsmf aysmfyd kuf ESpfNcdKufyk Hudkw&m;üarGUavsmf aysmfyd kuf ESpfNcdKufyk Hudkw&m;üarGUavsmf aysmfyd kuf ESpfNcdKufyk Hudkw&m;üarGUavsmf aysmfyd kuf ESpfNcdKufyk Hudkw&m;üarGUavsmf aysmfyd kuf ESpfNcdKufyk Hudk

azmfjywJh okwåefwpfck jzpfygw,faemf/azmfjywJh okwåefwpfck jzpfygw,faemf/azmfjywJh okwåefwpfck jzpfygw,faemf/azmfjywJh okwåefwpfck jzpfygw,faemf/azmfjywJh okwåefwpfck jzpfygw,faemf/

olu . .olu . .olu . .olu . .olu . .

Oyrmav;ESif h 'Dae&mrSm avQmufxm;w,f/Oyrmav;ESif h 'Dae&mrSm avQmufxm;w,f/Oyrmav;ESif h 'Dae&mrSm avQmufxm;w,f/Oyrmav;ESif h 'Dae&mrSm avQmufxm;w,f/Oyrmav;ESif h 'Dae&mrSm avQmufxm;w,f/

t&Sifbk&m;wdk Y . . .t&Sifbk&m;wdk Y . . .t&Sifbk&m;wdk Y . . .t&Sifbk&m;wdk Y . . .t&Sifbk&m;wdk Y . . .

oHa,mZOfqdkwmuawmhoHa,mZOfqdkwmuawmhoHa,mZOfqdkwmuawmhoHa,mZOfqdkwmuawmhoHa,mZOfqdkwmuawmh

&m* a'go arm[ pwJh&m* a'go arm[ pwJh&m* a'go arm[ pwJh&m* a'go arm[ pwJh&m* a'go arm[ pwJh

udavomawGudk . .udavomawGudk . .udavomawGudk . .udavomawGudk . .udavomawGudk . .

oHa,mZOfvdk Y ac:ygw,f/ oHa,mZOfvdk Y ac:ygw,f/ oHa,mZOfvdk Y ac:ygw,f/ oHa,mZOfvdk Y ac:ygw,f/ oHa,mZOfvdk Y ac:ygw,f/

oHa,mZed,"r® qdkwmuoHa,mZed,"r® qdkwmuoHa,mZed,"r® qdkwmuoHa,mZed,"r® qdkwmuoHa,mZed,"r® qdkwmu

oHa,mZOfjzpfp&mjzpfwJhoHa,mZOfjzpfp&mjzpfwJhoHa,mZOfjzpfp&mjzpfwJhoHa,mZOfjzpfp&mjzpfwJhoHa,mZOfjzpfp&mjzpfwJh

ouf&S d oufrJ h umr0w¬KtpkpkawGudk . .ouf&Sd oufrJ h umr0w¬KtpkpkawGudk . .ouf&Sd oufrJ h umr0w¬KtpkpkawGudk . .ouf&Sd oufrJ h umr0w¬KtpkpkawGudk . .ouf&Sd oufrJ h umr0w¬KtpkpkawGudk . .

oHa,mZed,"r®vdk Y ac:ygw,f/oHa,mZed,"r®vdk Y ac:ygw,f/oHa,mZed,"r®vdk Y ac:ygw,f/oHa,mZed,"r®vdk Y ac:ygw,f/oHa,mZed,"r®vdk Y ac:ygw,f/(pmrsufESm-336/)

334 ]

tcef; (6)

oHa,mZeokwåef

'Dokwåefu b,fyHk b,fyef; b,fenf;vrf;tm;jzifh jzpfay:vm&ovJvdkY ar;awmh &[ef;awmfawG&JU w&m;aqG;aEG;yGJudk taMumif;jyKNyD;awmh jzpfay:vm&ygw,fvdkYyJ tajzay;&r,f/

pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD; udk;uG,fqnf;uyfaewJh trÁm-#um&mr ausmif;wdkuftwGif;rSm &[ef;oHCmawmfawG awmfawmfcyfrsm;rsm; &SdawmfrlMuygw,f? oDwif;oHk;aexdkifawmfrlMuw,f? &mESifhaxmifESifh csDNyD; oDwif;oHk;awmfrlwJh ausmif;wdkufBuD; jzpfygw,f/

xdkausmif;wdkufBuD;twGif;rSm qGrf;pm;NyD;wJhwpfaeY &[ef;oHCmawGpka0;rdwJh tcsdeftcgrSm tcsif;csif; aqG;aEG;Muw,f/

aqG;aEG;wJhtxJrSm oHa,mZOfESifh oHa,mZed,"r® (= oHa,mZe"r®ESifh oHa,mZed,"r®) 'Dw&m;ESpfckonf t"dyÜg,f wlnDrI &Sd-r&Sd?o'´gomuGJí teufwlw,f odkYr[kwf o'´gvnf;uGJNyD; teufvnf;xl;jcm;rI &Sdw,f/ 'DtcsufESifh qufpyfNyD; aqG;aEG;yGJawG usif;yMuw,f/

] 335


tJ'Dvdk tacstwif aqG;aEG;yGJawG usif;ywJhtaMumif;udk wpfaeYpdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;u Mum;awmh 'g,umBuD;uvnf;rax&fBuD;awGxH csOf;uyfNyD;awmh ol&JUt,ltqudk wifjyNyD; avQmufxm;ygw,f/

'Dvdk wifjyavQmufxm;csufay;wmudk MunhfvQif ol[m w&m;üarGUavsmf aysmfydkuf ESpfNcdKufrI b,favmuf&Sdw,fqdkwmudk odEdkifw,f/w&m;ü arGUavsmf aysmfydkuf ESpfNcdKufykHudk azmfjywJh okwåefwpfck jzpfygw,faemf/ olu Oyrmav;ESifh 'Dae&mrSm avQmufxm;w,f/

t&Sifbk&m;wdkY ...oHa,mZOfqdkwmuawmh &m* a'go arm[pwJh udavomawGudk oHa,mZOfvdkY ac:ygw,f/ oHa,mZed,"r®qdkwmu oHa,mZOfjzpfp&mjzpfwJh ouf&Sd oufrJh umr0w¬KtpkpkawGudkoHa,mZed,"r®vdkY ac:ygw,f/

y&rw¬opöme,fuajymawmh a&SUuajymcJhwJh pdwfç apwodufç ½kyfw&m;awGudk 'D'g,umBuD;u tm,weq,fhESpfyg;enf;jzifh olu uRwfwrf;0ifatmif 0dyóem bm0emur®|mef; pD;jzef;cJhwJh olawmfaumif;BuD; jzpfjcif;aMumifh tm,wea'oemawmfenf;tm;jzifh 'DoHa,mZOfjzpfyHkawGudk olu &Sif;vif;wifjyNyD;awmh avQmufxm;w,f/

ravQmufxm;rDrSm olu Oyrmpum;&yfESifh a&S;OD;pGm &Sif;vif;wifjyygw,f/

olU&JU Oyrm pum;enf;vrf;uawmh EGm;jzLwpfaumifESifh EGm;eufwpfaumif - ESpfaumif&Sdw,f qdkMupdkYwJhaemf/

tJ'DEGm;ESpfaumif&SdwJh teufu EGm;jzL[mvnf; EGm;euf&JU oHa,m-ZOf r[kwfygbl;? EGm;eufuvnf; EGm;jzL&JU oHa,mZOf r[kwfygbl;/

EGm;jzLESifh EGm;euf - ESpfaumif cGJvdkYr&atmif xrf;ydk;wpfacsmif;ESifh

oHa,mZeokwåef ] 337

jzpfap odkYr[kwf BudK;wpfacsmif;ESifhjzpfap ,SOfwGJNyD;awmh zGJUcsnfvdkufwJhtcg xdk,SOfwGJzGJUcsnfxm;wJh xrf;ydk; odkYr[kwf BudK;udkomvQif oHa,mZOfvdkY ac:w,f/

tJ'DyHkpHtwdkif;yJ pu©KtMunf"mwf &Sdw,f? ½lyg½Hk &Sdw,f/

pu©KtMunf"mwf[mvnf; ½lyg½Hk&JU oHa,mZOf r[kwfygbl;? ½lyg½Hk[mvnf; pu©KtMunf"mwf&JU oHa,mZOf r[kwfygbl;/

pu©KtMunf"mwfESifh ½lyg½Hk ESpfckwkdY aygif;qHkrIudk tpGJjyKNyD;awmh½lyg½Hkudk wG,fwmwyfrufaewJh qE´&m*wpfck jzpfay:vmw,f/ tJ'DqE´&m*onfomvQif oHa,mZOf jzpfw,f/

pu©KtMunf"mwfuvnf; ½lyg½Hk&JUoHa,mZOf r[kwf? ½lyg½Hkonfvnf; pu©KtMunf"mwf&JUoHa,mZOf r[kwfygbl;/ pu©KtMunf"mwfESifh½lyg½Hk ESpfckaygif;qHkvdkufwJhtcsdeftcgrSm ½lyg½Hktay:rSm vdkvm;wyfrufaewJh qE´&m*"mwfudkomvQif oHa,mZOfvdkY ac:w,f/ 'Dvdk olu&Sif;w,f/

tvm;wlyJ - em;tMunf"mwfESifh toH? ESmacgif;tMunf"mwfESifhteHY? vQmtMunf"mwfESifh t&om? udk,ftMunf"mwfESifh tawGUtxd?raemtMunf"mwfESifh "r®oabmawGudkvnf; yHkpHwlyJ &Sif;xm;w,f/

aygif;vdkufawmh - twGif;tm,weajcmufyg;ç tjyiftm,weajcmufyg;/

twGif; tm,weajcmufyg;uvnf; tjyif tm,weajcmufyg;&JUoHa,mZOf r[kwf? tjyif tm,weajcmufyg;uvnf; twGif; tm,-weajcmufyg;&JU oHa,mZOf r[kwf/

twGif;tm,we tjyiftm,we ajcmufyg; ajcmufpHkudk tpGJjyKNyD;awmh vdkvm;wyfrufaewJh qE´&m*wpfck ay:vmw,f/ xdk vdkvm;

wyfrufaewJh qE´&m*"mwfonfomvQif oHa,mZOfjzpfw,f qdkNyD;awmh olu &Sif;vif;wifjyavQmufxm;w,f/

'gaMumifh oHa,mZOfqdkwmESifh oHa,mZed,"r®[m wjcm;pDjzpfwJhtaMumif; avQmufxm;w,f/ twGif;tm,we tjyiftm,weajcmufpHkudk tpGJjyKNyD; jzpfay:vmwJh vdkvm; wyfrufaewJh qE´&m*w&m;u oHa,mZOf? twGif;tm,weajcmufyg; tjyiftm,weajcmufyg;u oHa,mZed,"r® jzpfw,fvdkY 'Dvdk olu avQmufxm;w,f/'gu y&rw¬opöme,faygh/

orkwdopöme,fu ajymawmh tm,we ajcmufpkH qdkwmuawmhpdwf-apwoduf-½kyfw&m;awG&JU wnf&mjzpfwJh a,mufsm;ç rdef;rç yk*¾dKvfçowå0gç ouf&Sd oufrJh umr0w¬KtpkpkawGyJ jzpfygw,f/

'gu eHygwf (1) oHa,mZeokwåefyJ/

eHygwf (2) okwåefuawmh yxr£od'wåokwåef (oH-2-475-477/)

jzpfygw,f/

²²²


tcef; (7)

yxr£od'wåokwåef

tvm;wlyJ - wpfcsdefrSm rax&fBuD;awGudk pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;u qGrf;jzifh yifhzdwfNyD; jyKpkvkyfauR;ygw,f/ jyKpkvkyfauR;wJh tcsdeftcgrSmvnf; wjcm;pum;awG rajymbJESifh w&m;pum;yJavQmufxm;w,f/

olU&JU0goemwpfcku rax&fBuD;awGudk olodvdkwJh tcsufawGudkavQmufxm;vdkY rax&fBuD;awGu olUudk ususee a[mMum;jyo qdkqHk;ray;vQif olu ½dkaopGm vdkufemw,f/ rax&fBuD;awGu w&m;ra[mcJhvQifvnf; olu pGrf;EdkiforQ w&m;awG a[mMum;jyoay;w,f/'DtjyKtrluawmh olu w&m;ESifh arGUavsmfwJhyk*¾dKvf jzpfvdkYyg/

yxr£od'wåokwåef (oH-2-475/) qdkMupdkY .../

wpfcsdefrSm rax&fBuD;awGudk tdrfrSm qGrf;jzifh jyKpkvkyfauR;ygw,f/jyKpkvkyfauR;NyD;wJhtcsdeftcgrSm rax&fBuD;awGudk olu wifjyavQmufxm;w,f/

] 339

340 pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf

t&Sifbk&m; ... ]]"mwkemewå "mwkemewå ===== "mwfwdkY&JUxl;axG

uGJjym;rI "mwfwdkY&JUxl;axGuGJjym;rI}} qkdNyD;awmh bk&m;&Sifu a[mMum;

awmfrlygw,f/ ]]"mwfwdkY&JUxl;axGuGJjym;rI = "mwkemewå}}qdkwm bmvJ

bk&m;vdkY ar;jref;avQmufxm;w,f/

tJ'DtcsdefrSm £od'wåtrnf&wJh &[ef;awmfwpfyg;uae rax&f

BuD;xH cGifhyefMum;NyD;awmh ajzMum;ay;ygw,f/

"mwf (18)yg; &Sdygw,f/ pdwfç apwodufç ½kyfw&m;awGudk (18)yHk

yHkNyD;awmh 0dyóem½IwJhenf;udk "mwf (18)yg;enf;vdkY ac:ygw,f/

pu©KtMunf"mwfu tcH"mwf/ ½lyg½Hku twdkuf"mwf/ pu©KtMunf

"mwfESifh ½lyg½Hk wdkufcdkufrdwJhtcg ½lyg½Hkudk vSrf;NyD;odaewJh pu©K0dnmP

"mwf ay:vmw,f? 'gu tyGifh"mwf/

tcH"mwf? twdkuf"mwf? tyGifh"mwfqdkwJh

pu©K"mwf? ½ly"mwf? pu©K0dnmP"mwf - oHk;ck/

tvm;wlyJ em;tMunf"mwf = aomw"mwf? toH = o'´"mwf?

em;tMunf"mwfESifh o'"mwf (= toH"mwf)wkdY ½dkufcwfvdkufwJh tcsdef

tcgrSm toHudkodwJh aomw0dnmP"mwfwpfckay:vmw,f/ "mwf

oHk;ckyJaemf/

tJ'DyHkpHtwdkif;yJ twGif;tm,we ajcmufckESifh tjyiftm,we

ajcmufckwdkY wdkufcwfvdkufwJhtcsdeftcgrSm tyGifh"mwfvdkYac:qdktyfwJh

0dnmP"mwf (= odwJh"mwf) ajcmufrsKd; ay:vmw,f/

pu©m,we aomwm,we Cmem,we Zd0Sg,we um,m

,we rem,weqdkwJh twGif;tm,we (= twGif;tZÑwådu)"mwfu

ajcmufck? ½lyg,we o'g,we *Em,we &om,we azm|AÁm,we

yxr£od'wåokwåef 341

"r®m,weqdkwJh tjyiftm,we (= tjyifA[d'¨) "mwfu ajcmufck?

pu©K0dnmP"mwf aomw0dnmP"mwf Cme0dnmP"mwf Zd0Sg-

0dnmP"mwf um,0dnmP"mwf raem0dnmP"mwfqdkwJh tyGifh"mwf

tod"mwf 0dnmP"mwfu ajcmufck --

aygif;vdkufawmh "mwf wpfq,fh&Spfyg;/

tJ'D "mwf wpfq,fh&Spfyg; &SdwJhtaMumif;udk £od'wårax&fu

&Sif;jyoGm;awmh ol odyf0rf;omoGm;w,f? bmjzpfvdkY 0rf;omovJ¿

"r®mbd&w - w&m;ESifh arGUavsmfaysmfydkufESpfNcdKufaewJh olawmfaumif;

jzpfjcif;aMumifh oludk,fwdkifu 'D½IuGufawGudk pepfwus 0dyóem

bm0emur®|mef; pD;jzef;EdkifwJhtwGuf oludk;uG,fqnf;uyfaewJh rax&f

BuD;awGuvnf; (ol udk;uG,fqnf;uyfaewJh &[ef;awG[mvnf;) 'D

twGif;"mwfç tjyif"mwfç tyGifh"mwf (tcH"mwfç twdkuf"mwfç tyGifh

"mwf) vdkY ac:qdktyfwJh "mwfur®|mef; bm0emvkyfief;udk pepfwus

usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfaewJh olawmfaumif;BuD;awG jzpfw,f

qdkwm od&awmh odyfNyD;awmh ol tm;&w,f auseyfw,f odyf0rf;om

oGm;w,f/

'gu yxr£od'wåokwåef qdkMupdkYaemf/

eHygwf (3) okwåefuawmh 'kwd,£od'wåokwåef (oH-2-477-479/)

jzpfygw,f/

½½½½½kyfwH k;kyfwH k;kyfwH k;kyfwH k;kyfwH k;½½½½½kyfcJ emrfwHk;emrfcJvdk YkyfcJ emrfwHk;emrfcJvdk YkyfcJ emrfwHk;emrfcJvdk YkyfcJ emrfwHk;emrfcJvdk YkyfcJ emrfwHk;emrfcJvdk Y

ac:qdktyfwJh twHk;tcJawGudkac:qdktyfwJh twHk;tcJawGudkac:qdktyfwJh twHk;tcJawGudkac:qdktyfwJh twHk;tcJawGudkac:qdktyfwJh twHk;tcJawGudk

ÓPfESif h NzdKcG JzsufqD;Ed kifygrS . .ÓPfESif h NzdKcG JzsufqD;Ed kifygrS . .ÓPfESif h NzdKcG JzsufqD;Ed kifygrS . .ÓPfESif h NzdKcG JzsufqD;Ed kifygrS . .ÓPfESif h NzdKcG JzsufqD;Ed kifygrS . .

½½½½½kyfemrfy&rwfe,fajrudk qdkufr,f/kyfemrfy&rwfe,fajrudk qdkufr,f/kyfemrfy&rwfe,fajrudk qdkufr,f/kyfemrfy&rwfe,fajrudk qdkufr,f/kyfemrfy&rwfe,fajrudk qdkufr,f/

y&rwfudky&rwfudky&rwfudky&rwfudky&rwfudk

ÓPftjrifqdkufygrS . .ÓPftjrifqdkufygrS . .ÓPftjrifqdkufygrS . .ÓPftjrifqdkufygrS . .ÓPftjrifqdkufygrS . .

tewåÓPftjrif ay:r,f?tewåÓPftjrif ay:r,f?tewåÓPftjrif ay:r,f?tewåÓPftjrif ay:r,f?tewåÓPftjrif ay:r,f?

tewåa&mifjcnfawmf xGufay:vmrSm jzpfw,f/tewåa&mifjcnfawmf xGufay:vmrSm jzpfw,f/tewåa&mifjcnfawmf xGufay:vmrSm jzpfw,f/tewåa&mifjcnfawmf xGufay:vmrSm jzpfw,f/tewåa&mifjcnfawmf xGufay:vmrSm jzpfw,f/

tewåa&mifjcnfawmftewåa&mifjcnfawmftewåa&mifjcnfawmftewåa&mifjcnfawmftewåa&mifjcnfawmf

xGufay:vmrSomvQif . .xGufay:vmrSomvQif . .xGufay:vmrSomvQif . .xGufay:vmrSomvQif . .xGufay:vmrSomvQif . .

r*fÓPf zd kvfÓPf edAÁmefudk &&SdEd kifr,f/r*fÓPf zd kvfÓPf edAÁmefudk &&SdEd kifr,f/r*fÓPf zd kvfÓPf edAÁmefudk &&SdEd kifr,f/r*fÓPf zd kvfÓPf edAÁmefudk &&SdEd kifr,f/r*fÓPf zd kvfÓPf edAÁmefudk &&SdEd kifr,f/

'gaMumifh . . .'gaMumifh . . .'gaMumifh . . .'gaMumifh . . .'gaMumifh . . .

tewåa&mifjcnfawmftewåa&mifjcnfawmftewåa&mifjcnfawmftewåa&mifjcnfawmftewåa&mifjcnfawmf

wifhw,fprÜ,fpGm uGef YjrL;NyD;wifhw,fprÜ,fpGm uGef YjrL;NyD;wifhw,fprÜ,fpGm uGef YjrL;NyD;wifhw,fprÜ,fpGm uGef YjrL;NyD;wifhw,fprÜ,fpGm uGef YjrL;NyD;

xGufay:vmEkdifa&;twGufxGufay:vmEkdifa&;twGufxGufay:vmEkdifa&;twGufxGufay:vmEkdifa&;twGufxGufay:vmEkdifa&;twGuf

ouúm,'d|di&JrD;BuD;udkouúm,'d|di&JrD;BuD;udkouúm,'d|di&JrD;BuD;udkouúm,'d|di&JrD;BuD;udkouúm,'d|di&JrD;BuD;udk

NzdKcGif;Ed kifzd k Yonf . .NzdKcGif;Ed kifzd k Yonf . .NzdKcGif;Ed kifzd k Yonf . .NzdKcGif;Ed kifzd k Yonf . .NzdKcGif;Ed kifzd k Yonf . .

tajccHtaMumif;&if; jzpfw,f/tajccHtaMumif;&if; jzpfw,f/tajccHtaMumif;&if; jzpfw,f/tajccHtaMumif;&if; jzpfw,f/tajccHtaMumif;&if; jzpfw,f/

(pmrsufESm-348-349/)

342

tcef; (8)

'kwd,£od'wåokwåef

'kwd,£od'wåokwåef (oH-2-477/) usawmh tvm;wlyJ rax&fBuD;

awGudk pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;u tdrfrSm qGrf;jzifh yifhzdwfNyD;

jyKpkvkyfauR;ygw,f/ qGrf;pm;jcif;udpö NyD;wJhtcsdeftcg tvum;raebJ

olu w&m;pum;awGudk avQmufxm;ygw,f/

]]oóawm avmaumoóawm avmaumoóawm avmaumoóawm avmaumoóawm avmaum = = = = = avmuonf jrJw,f? twåu jrJw,f/

toóawm avmaumtoóawm avmaumtoóawm avmaumtoóawm avmaumtoóawm avmaum = = = = = avmuonf rjrJbl;? twåonf

rjrJbl;/

twåonf aoNyD;aemuf jzpfw,f? twåonf aoNyD;aemuf rjzpfbl;/

twåonf tqHk;tydkif;tjcm; &Sdw,f? twåonf tqHk;tydkif;tjcm;

r&Sdbl; ...}}

ponfjzifh 'DvdkrSm;,Gif;aewJh rdpäm'd|d0g'trsKd;rsKd; jzpfay:vmw,f/

xdkrdpäm'd|dt,l0g'trsKd;rsKd;onf bmudktaMumif;cHNyD; jzpfay:vm&

ygovJ¿ olu aqG;aEG;ar;jref;avQmufxm;w,f/

343


tJ'DtcsdeftcgrSmvnf; £od'wårax&fjrwfuyJ rax&fBuD;xH

cGifhyefNyD;awmh ouúm,'d|donf cyfodrf;aomrdpäm'd|dwdkY jzpfay:vmzdkY&ef

tajccHtaMumif;t&if; jzpfygw,f qdkNyD;awmh &Sif;vif;wifjyay;yg

w,faemf/

ouúm,'d|dqdkwm bmvJ¿

oaEÅm uma,m ouúma,m = = = = = xif&Sm; &SdaewJh cEmig;yg; ½kyfw&m;

emrfw&m;awGudk ouúm,vdkY ac:w,f/

ouúma, 'd|d ouúm,'d|d ===== xif&Sm;&SdaewJh cE¨mig;yg; ½kyfw&m;

emrfw&m;awGtay:ü rSm;,Gif;aewJh cH,lcsufudk ]]ouúm,'d|d}} - vdkY

ac:w,f/

b,fvdk rSm;,Gif;aewJh cH,lcsufvJvdkY ar;awmh a,mufsm; rdef;r

yk*¾dKvf owå0g vl ewf jA[®m qdkNyD;awmh 'Dvdk cH,lcsufrSm;wm/ 'guawmh

avmuornmtwåpGJvdkY ac:w,f/

tJ'Dxuf tqifhjrifhaewJh omoemyt,ltq&SdwJh rdpäm'd|dwdkY ,lq

xm;wJh twåpGJuawmh 'DcE¨mtdrfxJrSm raorysufbJ tusdwftcJ

tjrJwrf; wnfaewJh twå-uav; &Sdw,f? b0wpfckNyD; wpfck ajymif;

aew,f? odkYr[kwf aovQif jywfoGm;w,f/ 'Dvdk pGJvrf;,HkMunfaewJh

twå-uav; &Sdw,f/ tJ'D twå0g'[m cE¨mig;yg;udk cE¨mig;yg;vdkY

rodbJ cEmwpfyg;yg;udkjzpfapç trsm;pkudkjzpfapç cEmig;yg;vkH;udkjzpfap

toufaumif vdyfjymaumif 0dnmPfaumif twåaumifvdkY pGJvrf;

,kHMunfaewJh cH,lcsufjzpfw,f/ tJ'Dvdk pGJvrf;,HkMunfaewJh 'DcH,lcsuf

udk ouúm,'d|dvdkY ac:w,f/

tJ'D ouúm,'d|dac:wJh cH,lcsufrSm;aewJh twGufaMumifh rdpäm'd|d

0g'rSeforQonf aygufzGm;NyD; vm&ygw,fqdkNyD;awmh olu &Sif;vif;

wifjyxm;ygw,f/

'kwd,£od'wåokwåef 345

'D&Sif;vif;csufawGudkvnf; 'D pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD; Mum;em&wJh

tcsdeftcgrSm odyf0rf;omoGm;w,f/ bmhaMumifhvJ¿ oludk,fwdkifu 'D

tcsufawGudk uRrf;usifNyD;om; vdr®mNyD;om; jzpfw,f/

vdr®mNyD;om;jzpfygvsufESifh bmhaMumifh 'gawGudk xyfNyD; ar;jref;

avQmufxm;ae&ovJvdkY ar;vQifvnf; - ]olawmfcsif;csif; owif;

avGUavGU aygif;zufawGU} - qdkwJhtwdkif; "mwfwl&mwl&m yk*¾dKvfawG

tcsif;csif; aygif;azmfrdwJhtcsdeftcgrSm w&m;ESifhywfoufwJh pum;udk

om olu ajymMum;vdkwJh tmomqE´ olUrSm &Sdw,f/

'gaMumifh - w&m;ESifh arGUavsmf aysmfydkuf ESpfNcdKufaewJhtwGuf

w&m;ESifhywfoufwJh ar;cGef;awGukdom ar;aejcif; jzpfygw,f/

omoemy t,ltq &SdaewJh yk*d¾KvfawGuawmh oHk;q,fhwpfbHk

twGif;rSm wnf&SdaewJh ouf&dSoufrJh t&m0w¬KrSeforQudk twåqdkwJh

rsufvHk; wyfNyD; MunfhMuw,f? jrifMuw,f/ 'DoHk;q,fhwpfbHktwGif;rSm

wnf&SdwJh ouf&SdoufrJh t&m0w¬KrSeforQukd y&rw¬opöme,fu y&rw¬

opömrsufvHk;ESifh vSrf;MunfhvkdufvQif --

1/ ½kyfw&m;tpktyHkoufouf

2/ emrfw&m;tpktyHkoufouf

3/ ½kyfemrftpktyHkoufoufom &Sdw,f/

oHk;q,fhwpfbHkudk y&rw¬opöme,fbufu cJGwrf;csMunfhvdkufvQif

1/ tonowfwdkYvdk ½kyfw&m;tpktyHkoufouf&dSwJh bHkawGvnf; &Sd

Muw,f/

2/ t½lyjA[®mhjynfwdkYvkd emrfw&m;tpktyHkoufoufom&SdwJh bHkawG

vnf; &SdMuw,f/


3/ cE¨mig;yg; &SdMuwJh yÍöa0gum&bHkwkdYvkd ½kyfemrftpktyHkom &SdwJh

bHkawGvnf; &dSMuw,f/

yÍöa0gum&bHkawG qdkwmuawmh cE¨mig;yg;&SdwJh bHkawGukd qkdvkd

ygw,f/ umr (11)bkHESifh cE¨mig;yg;&SdwJh ½lyg0p&jA[®mbHk (15)bHk?

aygif; (26)bHkukd qdkvkdygw,f/

'gaMumifh oHk;q,fhwpfbHkudk y&rw¬opömrsufvHk;ESifh Munfhvdkufawmh

½kyfw&m;tpktyHkoufoufç emrfw&m;tpktyHkoufoufç ½kyfemrf

tpktyHkoufoufom &Sdw,f/ tJ'Dvkd ½kyfw&m;tpktyHkoufoufç

emrfw&m;tpktyHkoufoufç ½kyfemrftpktyHkoufoufom &Sdw,fvkdY

rodbJ twå0g'orm;awGu toufaumif vdyfjymaumif 0dnmPf

aumiftjzpfESifh oHk;q,fhwpfbHkrSm&SdwJh owå0gawGudk odMuw,f jrifMu

w,f/ zefqif;&SiftwåESifh tzefqif;cH&wJhtwåqdkwm &Sdw,fvkdY wcsKdU

u vufcH,HkMunfMuw,f/

'Dvdk twåvdkYpGJwJhtydkif;rSm wcsKdUu ½kyfudk twåvdkYpGJw,f/ wcsKdUu

a0'em onm ocFg& 0dnmPfac:wJh emrfcE¨mwpfckckudkaomfvnf;

aumif;ç emrfcE¨mtm;vHk;udkaomfvnf;aumif; twåvdkY pGJvrf;,HkMunf

aeMuw,f/

wcsKdUu - cE¨m wpfckckudkaomfvnf;aumif;ç cE¨m tm;vHk;udkaomf

vnf;aumif; twåvdkY pGJvrf;,HkMunfaeMuw,f/

tJ'DtwåvdkY pGJvrf;,HkMunfaewJh 'Douúm,'d|donf rdpäm0g' rdpäm'd|d

rSeforQwdkY&JUtajccHtaMumif;t&if; jzpfygw,fqdkNyD; &Sif;vif;wifjy

awmh ol odyfNyD;0rf;omoGm;w,faemf/

'gu - olU&JU w&m;ESifh arGUavsmfaysmfydkuf ESpfNcdKufyHkav; wpfrsKd;yJ/

odkYaomf 'Douúm,'d|dudk NzdKcGif;Edkifa&;twGufu bmvdkovJ¿ --


'DaeY w&m;emy&dowfawGbuf vdktyfwJh tcsufuawmh rdrdwdkY

oEÅmefrSm wnf&SdaewJh ½kyf a0'em onm ocFg& 0dnmPf ac:wJh

'DcE¨mig;yg; ½kyfw&m; emrfw&m;awGudk pepfwus xGif;azmufodzdkY

vdkygw,f/

½kyfwdkYrnfonf a&SUuajymcJhwJhtwdkif; uvmyfvdkYac:wJh trIefav;

awGtaeESifh jzpfawmh 'DuvmyftrIefav;awGudk jrifvdkY "mwfcGJEdkifrS

½kyfy&rwfudk odr,f/

xdk½kyfy&rwfw&m;wdkY&JUoabmu rjzpfcifu r&Sdjcif;ç jzpfNyD;aemuf

r&Sdjcif;qdkwJh r&Sdjcif; ESpfck&JUtv,facgifrSmomvQif ,m,DtcdkuftwefY

tm;jzifh jzpfay:vmwJh oabmw&m;rsKd; jzpfw,f/

,m,Dqdkwmu b,favmuf,m,DvJvdkY ar;vQif wpfpuúefYudk

tBudrf uka#ig;axmifausmfcefYavmuf yHkvQif wpfyHkavmufom&SdwJh

,m,D/ bmaMumifh 'Dvdkajym&ovJ ..¿

{upä&u©aP aum#dowo[óocFg OyÜZÆdwGm ed½kZÑwd/

(oH-|-2-295/)

ponfjzifh azPyd@Lyrokwåeft|uxmrsm;rSm zGifhqdkxm;ygw,f/

a0'emESifhwuGaom emrfw&m;wdkYudk qdkMupdkY/ pdwf apwodufw&m;

awG[m rsufpdwpfrSdwf vQyfwpfjyuf vufzspfwpfwGufvdkY ac:qdktyfwJh

tcsdefumvtwGif;rSm uka#wpfodef;cefY jzpfNyD;awmh ysufoGm;w,f/

'gavmuftxd emrfavmuu vsifjrefw,f/

½kyfw&m;wdkYudk oufwrf;umv tcsdef wdkif;wmvdkufwJh tcgrSm

pdwåu©P (17)csuf ysufoGm;vQif ½kyf (1)vHk; jzpfNyD; ysufwmESifh nDrQ

w,f? tcsdefumvwlw,fvdkY owfrSwfxm;w,f/ tJ'D owfrSwfcsuf

t& tBudrfuka#wpfodef;udk (17)ESifh pm;vdkufvdkY&SdvQif tBudrfuka#


ig;axmifausmf xGufvmw,f/ wpfpuúefYvdkYac:qdktyfwJh tcsdefumv

udk uka#ig;axmifausmfcefYavmufyHkvQif wpfyHkcefYavmufom oufwrf;

&SdwJh ,m,D jzpfygw,f/

tJ'D,m,Dudk jrifrS ½kyfw&m;awGonf jzpfNyD;ysufaewJh tedpöw&m;

om rSefw,f? jzpfjcif; ysufjcif;jzifh tESdyfpufcHae&wJh 'ku©w&m;om

rSefw,f? rysufpD;bJ tusdwftcJ tcdkiftrm tESpfom&tm;jzifh wnf

aewJh twår[kwfwJh tewåw&m;awGom rSefw,fvdkY 'Dvdk tewåÓPf

tjrif ay:vmr,f/ emrfw&m;awGrSmvnf; xdkenf;vnf;aumif;yJ/

tJ'Dvdk tewåÓPftjrifqdkufygrS 'D ouúm,'d|dac:wJh twå'd|d

BuD;udk NzdKcGJvdkY &r,f/ tewåÓPftjrif qdkufa&;twGuf 'D½kyfawG

emrfawGudk y&rwfodkY ÓPftjrifqdkufatmif ½IyGm;&rSm jzpfygw,f/

'gaMumifh oar®m[0daem'eDt|uxmBuD;u --

emem"mwka,m 0dedAÇKZdwGm Ce0dedaAÇma* uaw tewåvu©PH

,mxm0o&oawm Oy|mwd/ (tbd-|-2-47/) --

'Dvdk zGifhqdkxm;ygw,f/

emem"mwka,m =emem"mwka,m =emem"mwka,m =emem"mwka,m =emem"mwka,m = toD;toD;aom ½kyf"mwfemrf"mwfwdkYudk/ 0ded- 0ded- 0ded- 0ded- 0ded-

AAAAAÇÇ ÇÇ Ç KZdwGm =KZdwGm =KZdwGm =KZdwGm =KZdwGm = wpfvkH;pD wpfvkH;pD ÓPfjzifh cGJjcm;pdwfjzmí/ Ce0dedaAÇma* Ce0dedaAÇma* Ce0dedaAÇma* Ce0dedaAÇma* Ce0dedaAÇma*

===== ½kyfwkH;½kyfcJ emrfwkH;emrfcJudk NzdKcGJzsufqD;jcif;udk/ uaw = uaw = uaw = uaw = uaw = jyKvkyfEdkif

cJhonf&Sdaomf/ tewåvu©PH = tewåvu©PH = tewåvu©PH = tewåvu©PH = tewåvu©PH = tewåvu©Pmonf/ ,mxm0- ,mxm0- ,mxm0- ,mxm0- ,mxm0-

o&oawm =o&oawm =o&oawm =o&oawm =o&oawm = [kwfrSefwdkif;aom rdrd&JU oabmvu©Pmtm;jzifh/

Oy|mwd =Oy|mwd =Oy|mwd =Oy|mwd =Oy|mwd = a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JU todÓPfü xifvm\/

½kyfwHk;½kyfcJ emrfwHk;emrfcJvdkY ac:qdktyfwJh twHk;tcJawGudk ÓPfESifh

NzdKcGJzsufqD;EdkifygrS ½kyfemrfy&rwfe,fajrudk qdkufr,f/ y&rwfudk ÓPf

tjrifqdkufygrS tewåÓPftjrif ay:r,f? tewåa&mifjcnfawmf


xGufay:vmrSmjzpfw,f/ tewåa&mifjcnfawmfxGufay:vmrSomvQif

r*fÓPf zdkvfÓPf edAÁmefudk &&SdEdkifr,f/

'gaMumifh - tewåa&mifjcnfawmf wifhw,fprÜ,fpGm uGefYjrL;NyD;

xGufay:vmEkdifa&;twGuf ouúm,'d|di&JrD;BuD;udk NzdKcGif;EdkifzdkYonf

tajccHtaMumif;&if; jzpfw,f/

'DaeY w&m;emy&dowfawG ouúm,'d|di&JrD;BuD;udk NzdKcGif;Edkifa&;

twGuf bmvkyf&rvJvdkYar;vQif ½kyfawG emrfawGudk y&rwfodkY ÓPf

tjrifqdkufatmif ½IyGm;oHk;oyf&r,f/ 'gonf tajzyJ/

uJ 'kwd,£od'wåokwåefNyD;awmh aemufwpfck eHygwf (4) okwåef

jzpfwJh r[uyg#d[m&d,okwåefwpfck (oH-2-480-481/) vm&Sdygw,f/

ggggg rax&fBuD;awG . .rax&fBuD;awG . .rax&fBuD;awG . .rax&fBuD;awG . .rax&fBuD;awG . .

csrf;csrf;omomjzif hcsrf;csrf;omomjzif hcsrf;csrf;omomjzif hcsrf;csrf;omomjzif hcsrf;csrf;omomjzif h

ausmif;jyef<u&w,f/ausmif;jyef<u&w,f/ausmif;jyef<u&w,f/ausmif;jyef<u&w,f/ausmif;jyef<u&w,f/

aevnf; rylbl;?aevnf; rylbl;?aevnf; rylbl;?aevnf; rylbl;?aevnf; rylbl;?

avjynfavnif;av;uvnf;avjynfavnif;av;uvnf;avjynfavnif;av;uvnf;avjynfavnif;av;uvnf;avjynfavnif;av;uvnf;

wokefokef wdkufcwfaew,f?wokefokef wdkufcwfaew,f?wokefokef wdkufcwfaew,f?wokefokef wdkufcwfaew,f?wokefokef wdkufcwfaew,f?

rd k;aygufuav;awGuvnf;rd k;aygufuav;awGuvnf;rd k;aygufuav;awGuvnf;rd k;aygufuav;awGuvnf;rd k;aygufuav;awGuvnf;

jznf;nif;pGmjzif hjznf;nif;pGmjzif hjznf;nif;pGmjzif hjznf;nif;pGmjzif hjznf;nif;pGmjzif h

wpfaygufcsif; wpfaygufcsif;wpfaygufcsif; wpfaygufcsif;wpfaygufcsif; wpfaygufcsif;wpfaygufcsif; wpfaygufcsif;wpfaygufcsif; wpfaygufcsif;

&GmoGef;aeawmh&GmoGef;aeawmh&GmoGef;aeawmh&GmoGef;aeawmh&GmoGef;aeawmh

tvGefusKdufusKdufqlNyD;aewJhtvGefusKdufusKdufqlNyD;aewJhtvGefusKdufusKdufqlNyD;aewJhtvGefusKdufusKdufqlNyD;aewJhtvGefusKdufusKdufqlNyD;aewJh

tyl'PfawG tm;vHk; Nidrf;oGm;w,f/tyl'PfawG tm;vHk; Nidrf;oGm;w,f/tyl'PfawG tm;vHk; Nidrf;oGm;w,f/tyl'PfawG tm;vHk; Nidrf;oGm;w,f/tyl'PfawG tm;vHk; Nidrf;oGm;w,f/

Nidrf;oGm;wJhtcsdeftcgrSmNidrf;oGm;wJhtcsdeftcgrSmNidrf;oGm;wJhtcsdeftcgrSmNidrf;oGm;wJhtcsdeftcgrSmNidrf;oGm;wJhtcsdeftcgrSm

pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD; odyf0rf;omoGm;w,f/pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD; odyf0rf;omoGm;w,f/pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD; odyf0rf;omoGm;w,f/pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD; odyf0rf;omoGm;w,f/pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD; odyf0rf;omoGm;w,f/

'Davmuf wefcd k;BuD;aewJh pdwf&JUpGrf;tm;awGESif h'Davmuf wefcd k;BuD;aewJh pdwf&JUpGrf;tm;awGESif h'Davmuf wefcd k;BuD;aewJh pdwf&JUpGrf;tm;awGESif h'Davmuf wefcd k;BuD;aewJh pdwf&JUpGrf;tm;awGESif h'Davmuf wefcd k;BuD;aewJh pdwf&JUpGrf;tm;awGESif h

jynfh0pH kvifaewJh oHCmawmfawGudkjynfh0pH kvifaewJh oHCmawmfawGudkjynfh0pH kvifaewJh oHCmawmfawGudkjynfh0pH kvifaewJh oHCmawmfawGudkjynfh0pH kvifaewJh oHCmawmfawGudk

qGrf;jzif h jyKpkvkyfauR;cGif hqGrf;jzif h jyKpkvkyfauR;cGif hqGrf;jzif h jyKpkvkyfauR;cGif hqGrf;jzif h jyKpkvkyfauR;cGif hqGrf;jzif h jyKpkvkyfauR;cGif h

ud k;uG,f qnf;uyfcGif h &aewJhudk;uG,f qnf;uyfcGif h &aewJhudk;uG,f qnf;uyfcGif h &aewJhudk;uG,f qnf;uyfcGif h &aewJhudk;uG,f qnf;uyfcGif h &aewJh

rdrd&JU tcGif htvrf;BuD;udkvnf;rdrd&JU tcGif htvrf;BuD;udkvnf;rdrd&JU tcGif htvrf;BuD;udkvnf;rdrd&JU tcGif htvrf;BuD;udkvnf;rdrd&JU tcGif htvrf;BuD;udkvnf;

odyfNyD;awmh 0rf;omoGm;w,f/odyfNyD;awmh 0rf;omoGm;w,f/odyfNyD;awmh 0rf;omoGm;w,f/odyfNyD;awmh 0rf;omoGm;w,f/odyfNyD;awmh 0rf;omoGm;w,f/(pmrsufESm -353-354/)

350 ]

tcef; (9)

r[uyg#d[m&d,okwåef

pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD; v,fvkyfwJhae&mrSm EGm;wif;ukyfwpfck &Sdw,f/ tJ'D EGm;wif;ukyfuvnf; awmfawmf BuD;us,fcrf;em;wJhEGm;wif;ukyf jzpfygvdrfhr,f/

wpfcsdefrSm 'g,umBuD;u &[ef;oHCmawGudk xdkEGm;wif;ukyfrSmyifhzdwfNyD;awmh qGrf;jzifh jyKpkvkyfauR;ygw,f/ a&ra&mwJh axmywfEGm;EdkYwdkYjzifh pDrHNyD;awmh csufjyKwfxm;wJh oyÜdyg,movdkY ac:qdktyfwJhaxmywf EdkYCemqGrf;jzifh oHCmawmfawGudk jyKpkvkyfauR;ygw,f/

ol udk;uG,fqnf;uyfaewJh olU&JUausmif;wdkufjzpfwJh trÁm#um&mrausmif;wdkufESifh 'Dv,fawmu awmfawmfav; a0;yHk&w,f/ oHCmawmfawGudk jyKpkvkyfauR;NyD;wJh tcsdeftcgrSm rax&fBuD;awGvnf; qGrf;bkOf;ay;jcif;udpö NyD;vdkY jyef<u&awmhr,f/

jyef<uwJhtcg olvnf; aemufuvdkufr,fqdkwJh &nf&G,fcsuf &Sdaeawmh rax&fBuD;awGudk qGrf;jzifh jyKpkvkyfauR;aewJh tcsdeftcgrSm

] 351


oludk,fwdkifvnf; pm;vdkufygw,f/ rax&fBuD;awG qGrf;bkOf;ay;jcif;udpöNyD;awmh olvnf; pm;jcif;udpö NyD;oGm;NyD/

NyD;oGm;wJh tcsdeftcgrSm usefaewJh pm;zG,faomufzG,fawGudk tvkyform;awGukd oifhawmfovdk pDrHcefYcGJzdkY&eftwGuf trdefYay;NyD;awmhrax&fBuD;awGaemufu olvnf; vdkufygvmw,f/

xdkaeYxdktcsdeftcgu jyefvmwm awmfawmfav; aejrifhaeNyDESifhwlw,f/ v,fawmuvnf;a0;awmh aeuvnf; usKdufusKdufqlavmufatmif ylaeNyD/

tJ'DvdkylaewJh aeylBuD;xJudk &[ef;oHCmawG jyefNyD; <uae&wJhqif;&J'ku©udk jrifawmh tJ'DoHCmawGxJrSm ti,fqHk;jzpfwJh r[ur[ur[ur[ur[uvdkYtrnf&aewJh &[ef;i,fav;wpfyg;u oHCmhax&fBuD;xH csOf;uyfNyD;awmh olu avQmufxm;w,f/

'D r[uvdkYac:wJh rax&fav;u oHCmax&fBuD;xH csOf;uyfNyD;awmh olu bmavQmufxm;vJ¿ olavQmufxm;yHkav;u ...

]]om"k cGó baEÅ ax& oDwaum p 0gawm 0ga,,s?]]om"k cGó baEÅ ax& oDwaum p 0gawm 0ga,,s?]]om"k cGó baEÅ ax& oDwaum p 0gawm 0ga,,s?]]om"k cGó baEÅ ax& oDwaum p 0gawm 0ga,,s?]]om"k cGó baEÅ ax& oDwaum p 0gawm 0ga,,s?tAÇorÜdvmayg p tó? a'a0g p {uaruH zkoma,,sm}}wd/tAÇorÜdvmayg p tó? a'a0g p {uaruH zkoma,,sm}}wd/tAÇorÜdvmayg p tó? a'a0g p {uaruH zkoma,,sm}}wd/tAÇorÜdvmayg p tó? a'a0g p {uaruH zkoma,,sm}}wd/tAÇorÜdvmayg p tó? a'a0g p {uaruH zkoma,,sm}}wd/

(oH-2-480/)

]]t&Sifrax&fjrwfBuD;bk&m; ... ckaetcsdeftcgrsKd;rSm avjynfavnif;av;uvnf; jznf;jznf;av; wdkufcwfaer,fqdkvQif? rdk;wdrfwdkufawGuvnf; aumif;uifwpfckvHk;udk vTrf;jcHKNyD; xm;cJhr,fqdkvQif?rdk;aygufuvnf; wpfaygufcsif; wpfaygufcsif;jzifh jznf;jznf;omomav; &GmoGef;aer,fqdkvQif raumif;ygvm;t&Sifbk&m;}} --

qdkNyD;awmh csOf;uyfNyD; olu avQmufxm;w,f/

r[uyg#d[m&d,okwåef ] 353

'Dvdk avQmufxm;vdkufwJh tcsdeftcgrSm rax&fBuD;uvnf; aumif;wJhtaMumif; jyefNyD;awmh rdefYMum;ygw,f/ tJ'Dvdk trdefY&SdvdkufwJhtcsdeftcg - 'D r[u trnf&wJh rax&fav;u bmvkyfovJ¿ --

wxm½lyH £'¨gbdocFg&H tbdocF&d ,xm oDwaum p 0gawmwxm½lyH £'¨gbdocFg&H tbdocF&d ,xm oDwaum p 0gawmwxm½lyH £'¨gbdocFg&H tbdocF&d ,xm oDwaum p 0gawmwxm½lyH £'¨gbdocFg&H tbdocF&d ,xm oDwaum p 0gawmwxm½lyH £'¨gbdocFg&H tbdocF&d ,xm oDwaum p 0gawm0g,d? tAÇorÜdvmayg p tó? a'a0g p {uaruH zkod/0g,d? tAÇorÜdvmayg p tó? a'a0g p {uaruH zkod/0g,d? tAÇorÜdvmayg p tó? a'a0g p {uaruH zkod/0g,d? tAÇorÜdvmayg p tó? a'a0g p {uaruH zkod/0g,d? tAÇorÜdvmayg p tó? a'a0g p {uaruH zkod/

(oH-2-480/)

xdkuJhodkY oabm&SdwJh wefcdk;udk t"d|mefzefqif;awmfrlw,f/ xdkuJhokdYoabm&SdwJhwefcdk;qdkwmu bmajymwmvJ¿ --

avjynfavnif;uav; jznf;jznf;av; wdkufcwfzdkY&efç rdk;om;wdrfwdkufwdkYjzifh vTrf;jcHKxm;zdkY&efç rdk;aygufuav;awGuvnf; wpfaygufcsif; wpfaygufcsif; &GmoGef;cszdkY&eftwGuf tbdnmPf&JUtajccHjzpfwJhpwkw¬psmefudk 0ifpm;NyD;awmh t"d|mefawmfrlvdkufygw,f/

tJ'Dvdk t"d|mefwJh wefcdk;rsKd;udkawmh t|uxmu t"d|med'¨d-vdkY'Dvdk zGifhqdkxm;ygw,f/

jrwfpGmbk&m;vnf; &[ef;awmfawGudk wefcdk;rjy&vdkY wm;jrpfxm;aomfvnf; 'Dt"d|med'¨dudkawmh jrwfpGmbk&m;u cGifhjyKxm;awmfrlygw,f/

tJ'DcGifhjyKcsuft& 0gti,fqHk;jzpfaewJh 'D r[u trnf&aewJhrax&fjrwfav;wpfyg;u 'Dvdkwefcdk;rsKd;udk zefqif;jcif;jzpfygw,f/

rax&fBuD;awG csrf;csrf;omomjzifh ausmif;jyef<u&w,f/ aevnf;rylbl;? avjynfavnif;av;uvnf; wokefokef wdkufcwfaew,f?rdk;aygufuav;awGuvnf; jznf;nif;pGmjzifh wpfaygufcsif; wpfaygufcsif; &GmoGef;aeawmh tvGefusKdufusKdufqlNyD;aewJh tyl'PfawGtm;vHk;Nidrf;oGm;w,f/


Nidrf;oGm;wJhtcsdeftcgrSm pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD; odyf0rf;omoGm;w,f/ 'Davmuf wefcdk;BuD;aewJh pdwf&JUpGrf;tm;awGESifh jynfh0pHkvifaewJhoHCmawmfawGudk qGrf;jzifh jyKpkvkyfauR;cGifh udk;uG,f qnf;uyfcGifh&aewJh rdrd&JU tcGifhtvrf;BuD;udkvnf; odyfNyD;awmh 0rf;omoGm;w,f/

'Dvdkwefcdk;rsKd;ESifh ywfoufvdkY enf;enf;pyfrdawmh A[kokwuav;wpfckawmh xyfajymr,f/

bkef;BuD;wdkY AdrÁdom&rif;&JU q&mjzpfwJh t&SifydvdE´0pä rax&fBuD;vnf; 'Dvdkwefcdk;rsKd;udk zefqif;cJhzl;ygw,f/ bk&m;&Sifvnf; cGifhjyKxm;awmfrlygw,f/

qGrf;cH&Gmwpf&Gm qdkMuygpkdY/ rax&fBuD;u olU&JU tJ'DqGrf;cH&Gmav;wpf&GmodkY <uoGm;&if;ESifh -- qGrf;jzifhjyKpkvkyfauR;aewJh qGrf;'g,dumrBuD;&JU orD;i,fuav;wpfOD;u awmifxdyfyGJ oGm;csifvdkY awmifxdyfyGJESifh xdkufwefaewJh 0wfpm;wefqmawG 0wfcsifwJhtwGuf rdcifudkylqmaewmudk -- Mum;vdkufrdw,f/

tJ'DtcsdeftcgrSm rax&fjrwfBuD;u u&GwfacGav;wpfck aumufudkifNyD;awmh t"d|mefvdkufw,f/ tifrwef vSywJh &wemyef;uHk;BuD;wpfck jzpfoGm;w,f/

'D&wemyef;uHk; qifjref;NyD;awmh 'Duav;rav;uvnf; 'Dawmif-xdyfyGJoGm;awmh rif;rIxrf;awGuaeNyD;awmh ]]'Davmufawmif qif;&JEGrf;yg;aewJh 'Duav;oli,fru 'DavmufawmifvSwJh &wemyef;uHk;BuD;udk qifjref;wm[m {uEÅ 'D&wemyef;uHk;onf eef;awmfwGif;awmifr&SdwJhtwGuf olwdkY cdk;vdkY&wm jzpfr,f? olwdkYydkifypönf;awmh rjzpfEdkifbl;}}qdkNyD;awmh zrf;ygava&m/

tdrf&Sifa,mufsm;vnf; tzrf;cH&awmh aemufwpfaeY rax&fBuD;


qGrf;cH<uwJhtcg tdrf&Sifruae tusKd;taMumif; wifjyavQmufxm;awmh t&SifydvdE0pärax&fBuD;vnf; eef;awmfodkY <uoGm;awmfrlygw,f/

eef;awmfodkY vdkufoGm;NyD;wJh tcsdeftcgusawmh AdrÁdom&rif;udktusKd;taMumif; ar;jref;w,f/ ar;jref;wJh tcsdeftcgusawmh --

]]t&Sifbk&m; ...'Dvdk &wemyef;uHk; qdkwmu wynfhawmfwdkY&JUeef;wGif;awmif r&Sdygbl;/ 'Davmufqif;&JEGrf;yg;aewJhtdrfrSm 'Dvdk &wemyef;uHk;BuD;&Sdw,fqdkwm {uEÅ rw&m;aom enf;vrf;jzifh cdk;,lvdkYom&&SdwJhypönf; jzpfEdkifygw,f}} - qdkNyD; AdrÁdom&rif;u wifjyavQmufxm;awmh tJ'DtcsdefrSm rax&fBuD;u bmvkyfovJ¿ --

]]AdrÁdom&rif;BuD;&JU eef;awmfwpfckvHk; a&Ttwd NyD;ap}} - qdkNyD;awmhtbdnmPf&JU tajccHjzpfwJh pwkw¬psmeformywfudk 0ifpm;NyD; t"d|mefawmfrlvdkufygw,f/

]]uJ 'g,umawmf ...'g,umawmf&JU eef;awmfBuD;wpfckvHk;udkMunfhvdkufprf;? bmawGjzpfaeovJ}} vdkY ar;vdkufawmh tJ'DrSm tm;vHk;a&Teef;awmfBuD; jzpfoGm;w,f/

tJ'DtcgusawmhrS AdrÁdom&rif;BuD;u OD;csuefawmhNyD;awmh ckeuzrf;qD;csKyfaESmifxm;wJh yk*¾dKvfawGudk jyefNyD;awmh vGwfNidrf;csrf;omcGifhay;vdkufw,f/

'Dvdkwefcdk;rsKd;udk t"d|med'dwefcdk;vdkY ac:ygw,f/ tJ'Dvdk t"d|med'dwefcdk;vdkYac:wJh wefcdk;rsKd;udkawmh bk&m;&Sifvnf; &[ef;oHCmawmfrsm;twGuf cGifhjyKxm;NyD; jzpfygw,f/

]]wpfa,mufwnf;jzpfvsuf trsm;jzpfjcif;? trsm;jzpfvsuf wpfa,mufwnf; jzpfjcif;}} pwJh 'Dvdk thHzG,fo&J jzpfapwJh wefcdk;£'¨dyg'f


rsm;udkawmh rjyzdkY&eftwGuf &[ef;awGudk bk&m;&Sifu odu©myk'fESifhynwfNyD; xm;ygw,f/

'Dae&mrSmvnf; r[u trnf&SdwJh rax&fav;u tifrwef yljyif;aewJh usKdufusKdufqlaewJh aeylxJrSm oGm;ae&wJh &[ef;oHCmawGudkcsrf;omokc&&Sdygapjcif;tusKd;iSm &nf&G,fNyD;awmh 'Dt"d|med'dwefcdk;vdkYac:qdktyfwJh wefcdk;udk zefqif;awmfrljcif;yJ jzpfygw,f/

'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awG ... raumif;bl;vm;¿ odyfaumif;w,f/ 'g bmaMumifh&ovJ¿ pdwf&JU pGrf;tifyJ/

'DvdkusifhpOfawG usifhvdkY&Edkifw,fqkdvQif bk&m;&Sif&JUomoemawmfonf tvGeftm;&zdkY raumif;bl;vm;¿ odyfaumif;w,f/

'g pdwfudktoHk;cswm/ pdwfrSm&SdaewJhwefcdk;tmedoifawGudk xkwfNyD;toHk;csawmh pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD; 0rf;omvGef;vdkY - r[utrnf&SdwJh rax&fav; ausmif;a&mufwJh tcsdeftcgrSm - ratmifhEdkifwJhtwGuf xdkrax&fav;&JUtxHudk oGm;NyD;awmh ...

]]t&Sifbk&m; ...wynfhawmfudk wefcdk;wpfckavmuf xyfjyawmfrlyg}} --

vdkY xyfNyD; avQmufxm;awmif;yefw,f/

]]uJ 'g,umBuD; ...'DvdkqkdvdkY&SdvQifawmh 'g,umBuD;&JU tay:½Hkpkvsm;wbufuav;udk acG;uwufvdkY ac:qkdtyfwJh ausmif;zdeyfcRwfwJh ae&mav;rSm 'g,umBuD; cif;vdkufayawmh/ cif;NyD;awmh tJ'Dtay:rSm jrufawGudk MuJjzefYvdkufyg}}qdkNyD;awmh ajymvdkufw,f/

r[urax&fu wHcg;ydwfNyD;awmh ausmif;wGif;udk 0ifoGm;vdkufw,f/ awaZmuodkPf;udk 0ifpm;NyD;awmh t"d|mefawmfrlvdkufygw,f/


ausmif;wHcg;Mum;xJua&m oHaumufaygufuav;ua&m rD;awGwpfpwpfp xGufvmw,f? rD;cdk;awG xGufvmw,f? rD;ñGefYawG xGufvmw,f/

tJ'DrD;awGu wHcg;udk ravmifbl;? wHcg;Mum;uae xGufvmw,f?wHcg;udk aomhcyfwJh oHaumufaygufuav;uae xGufvmw,f/ xGufvmNyD;awmh 'DrD;awGu pdwåol<u,f'g,umBuD; jzefYcif;xm;wJh tay:½Hkpkvsm;wbufay:rSm wnf&SdaewJh jrufawGudk avmifoGm;w,f? wbufudk enf;enf;av;rS ravmifbl;/

tJ'Dvdkwefcdk;uvnf; t"d|med'dwefcdk;ygyJ? pdwf&JU pGrf;tm;yJ/ wbufay:rSm&SdaewJh jrufawGudk wpfprusef avmifuRrf;Edkifw,fqdkvQif 'Dwbufuav; avmifuRrf;oGm;zdkY raumif;bl;vm;¿ aumif;w,f/'gayrJh enf;enf;av;rS ravmifbl;aemf/

£'d0dygaum tpdEÅda,m£'d0dygaum tpdEÅda,m£'d0dygaum tpdEÅda,m£'d0dygaum tpdEÅda,m£'d0dygaum tpdEÅda,m = = = = = wefcdk;t&monf rMuHpnfoifh rMuHpnfxdkufbl;wJh/

pdwfwdkY&JUpGrf;tifav;yJaemf/ tJ'Dwefcdk;udk jrifvdkufwJhtcsdeftcgrSmpdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;u tvGefYtvGef 0rf;omoGm;w,f/

0rf;omoGm;wJhtwGuf ckeu w&m;a[mwJh t&Sif£od'wårax&fçck t&Sifr[urax&f tJ'Drax&f ESpfyg;vHk;udk olbmavQmufxm;ovJ¿

]]t&Sifbk&m; ... wynfhawmf&JU 'D trÁm#um&mr trnf&wJh'Dausmif;wdkufBuD;onf tvGefarGUavsmfzG,faumif;wJh ausmif;wdkufBuD;wpfckjzpfygw,f/ 'Dausmif;wdkufBuD;rSm t&Sifbk&m;wdkY toufxufqHk;oDwif;oHk;awmfrlyg/ t&Sifbk&m;wdkYtwGuf vdktyfwJh ypönf;av;yg;udkwynfhawmf aMumifhMupdkufyghr,f}} qdkNyD;awmh ½dkaopGm avQmufxm;awmif;yefw,f/

tJ'Dvdk awmif;yefwJh tcsdeftcgrSm rax&fjrwfBuD;awGu olU&JUukodkvfapwemudk 0rf;omwJhtaeESifh om"ktEkarm'emawmh ac:ygw,f/ odkYaomf ESpfyg;vHk;aygh trÁm#um&mrausmif;wdkufrS ]]aemufwpfzef rjyefaom xGufcGmjcif;jzifh}} xGufcGm<uoGm;awmfrlMuw,f/bmhaMumifhvJ ..¿

'Dvdk w&m;a[mvdkY&wJhypönf; wefcdk;jyvdkY&wJhypönf;rsKd;udk a&S;a&S;rax&fBuD;awGu tvGefpufqkyf&GH&SmawmfrlMuygw,f? &wem oHk;wefuH-uH\tusKd;w&m;udk ,HkMunfwJh rSefuefwJh o'¨gw&m;jzifh vSL'gef;aewJh ypönf;av;yg;udkom tvdk&SdawmfrlMuw,f/

'gaMumifh w&m;a[mvkdY&wJhypönf; wefcdk;jyvdkY&wJhypönf;awGawmhaemufaemifwpfcsdefrSm jzpfawmhr,fqdkwm oabmaygufNyD;awmh xdktrÁm#um&mr ausmif;wdkufBuD;rS xGufoGm;awmfrlMujcif;jzpfw,f/

'gu r[uyg#d[m&d,okwåef jzpfygw,f/ pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;w&m;ESifh arGUavsmfaysmfydkuf ESpfNcdKufyHkESifh ywfoufNyD; azmfjyxm;wJhokwåefwpfckyJ/

aemufokwåefwpfckuawmh pdwåoH,kwf&JU eHygwf (5) okwåef jzpfwJhyxrumrblokwåef (oH-2-481-483/) jzpfygw,f/

²²²


tcef; (10)

yxrumrblokwåef

'Dokwåefuawmh pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD; yd#uwfoHk;yHkrSmb,favmufuRrf;usifw,fqdkwmudk azmfjywJh okwåef jzpfw,f/

wpfcsdefrSm pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;u ausmif;udk oGm;w,f/ oludk;uG,fqnf;uyfaewJh trÁm#um&mr ausmif;oGm;NyD;wJh tcsdeftcgrSmt&Sifumrbl rax&fxH csOf;uyfNyD;awmh ½dkaopGm &Sdcdk;NyD; oifhwifhavsmufywfwJh wpfae&mrSm xdkifvdkufw,f/

tJ'Dvdk xdkifvdkufwJhtcsdeftcgrSm t&Sifumrbl rax&fjrwfuaeNyD;awmh olUudk ar;cGef;av;wpfck ar;w,f/

tJ'Dar;cGef;u jrwfpGmbk&m; a[mMum;jyo qdkqHk;rxm;wJh *gxmav; wpfck jzpfygw,f/ 'D*gxmonf acwftajymESifh ajymvQifawmhpum;xm0SufwJh *gxmav; wpfck toGifawmh aqmifaew,f/ 'D*gxmav;u bmajymovJ¿ --

] 359


aeva*Fg aowypäma'g? {uma&m 0wåwD &axm/aeva*Fg aowypäma'g? {uma&m 0wåwD &axm/aeva*Fg aowypäma'g? {uma&m 0wåwD &axm/aeva*Fg aowypäma'g? {uma&m 0wåwD &axm/aeva*Fg aowypäma'g? {uma&m 0wåwD &axm/teDCH yó tm,EÅH? qdEéaomwH tAEëH/teDCH yó tm,EÅH? qdEéaomwH tAEëH/teDCH yó tm,EÅH? qdEéaomwH tAEëH/teDCH yó tm,EÅH? qdEéaomwH tAEëH/teDCH yó tm,EÅH? qdEéaomwH tAEëH/ (oH-2-482/)

aeva*Fg =aeva*Fg =aeva*Fg =aeva*Fg =aeva*Fg = tjypfuif;pifaom t*Fgtpdwftydkif;&Sdaom/ aow- aow- aow- aow- aow-ypäma'g =ypäma'g =ypäma'g =ypäma'g =ypäma'g = tjzLa&mifjzifh vTrf;jcHKvsuf&Sdaom/ {uma&m = {uma&m = {uma&m = {uma&m = {uma&m = wpfckwnf;aom axmifhtuefY&Sdaom/ &axm = &axm = &axm = &axm = &axm = &xm;BuD; wpfpif;onf/ 0wåwd 0wåwd 0wåwd 0wåwd 0wåwd===== vmíaeyg\/ teDCH = teDCH = teDCH = teDCH = teDCH = qif;&Jjcif;uif;onfjzpfí/ qdEéaomwH = qdEéaomwH = qdEéaomwH = qdEéaomwH = qdEéaomwH =a&t,Ofudk jzwfawmufíNyD;aom/ tAEëH = tAEëH = tAEëH = tAEëH = tAEëH = taESmiftzGJUuif;vsuf&Sdaom/ tm,EÅH =tm,EÅH =tm,EÅH =tm,EÅH =tm,EÅH = <uvmawmfrlwJhyk*¾dKvfudk/ yó =yó =yó =yó =yó = zl;ajrmfvdkufprf;yg/

'gu pum;xm0SufwJh *gxmav;yJ/ ]]tJ'D*gxmav;&JU t"dyÜg,fubmudka[movJ bmudkqdkvdkygovJ'g,umBuD;}}qkdNyD;awmh pdwåol<u,f'g,umBuD;udk ar;Munfhw,f/

pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;udk tJ'Dvdk ar;vdkufwJh tcsdeftcgusawmhpdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;u - ]]t&Sifbk&m; ... acwåcPavmufqdkif;ygOD;bk&m;}}qdkNyD; olu avQmufxm;w,f/

acwåcPavmuf tqdkif;cdkif;NyD;wJhtcg olu acwåcPavmufqdwfqdwfaeNyD;awmh ol bmvkyfovJ ..¿

rk[kwåH wkPSD [kwGmwd wó tw¬ayu©ew¬H wDPd yd#umed uaPÖuk@vH 0d, oÍömavaEÅm ]]t,H £ró taw¬m? t,H £rótaw¬m}}wd Oyy&du©Pw¬H rk[kwåH wkPSD [kwGm/ (oH-|-3-131/)

cPavmuf qdwfqdwfaew,fqdkwmu bmoabmvJvdkYar;awmh'D*gxmav;&JU qdkvdk&if; teuft"dyÜg,fawGudk ÓPfESifh pl;prf;qifjcifzdkY&eftwGuf ...

wDPd yd#umed =wDPd yd#umed =wDPd yd#umed =wDPd yd#umed =wDPd yd#umed = yd#uwfokH;ykHwdkYudk/ uaPÖ = uaPÖ = uaPÖ = uaPÖ = uaPÖ = em;ü/ uk@vH uk@vH uk@vH uk@vH uk@vH

yxrumrblokwåef ] 361

0d, =0d, =0d, =0d, =0d, = yefqifxm;tyfwJhem;awmif;uJhodkY/ oÍömavaEÅm = oÍömavaEÅm = oÍömavaEÅm = oÍömavaEÅm = oÍömavaEÅm = aumif;pGmvIyfacsmufcsm;vsuf ...

yd#uwfokH;ykHudk em;rSm yefqifxm;wJh em;wefqmav;udk vSrf;NyD;vIyfvdkufovdkyJ/ yd#uwfokH;ykHudk tukefvkH; vIyfacsmufcsm;NyD; bmvkyfovJ¿ --

]]]]]]t,H £ró taw¬m? t,H £ró taw¬m}}wd Oyy&du©Pw¬H-

]]'Dpum;vHk;u 'Dvdkteuft"dyÜg,f&Sdw,f? 'Dpum;vHk;usawmh 'Dvdkteuft"dyÜg,f&Sdw,f}}vdkY pl;prf;qifjcifzdkY&eftwGuf acwåcP qdkif;ihHNyD;wJhtcsdeftcgusawmh olu jyefNyD;awmh tajzay;ygw,f/

tajzay;wJh tcsdeftcgusawmh bmajymovJ¿ --

aev*F ----- tjypfuif;pifwJht*Fg&Sdw,f qdkwmuawmh udk,fusifhoDvjynfhpHkwmudk jrwfpGmbk&m; qdkvdk&if;jzpfygw,fqdkNyD; olu 'Dvdk &Sif;jyw,f/ tJ'D&Sif;vif;csufudk b,fvdk&Sif;jyovJvdkY ar;vQifawmh --

wDPd yd#umed uaPÖ uk@vH 0d, --

yd#uwfoHk;yHkudk ÓPfapvTwfvdkufw,f/ apvTwfNyD;wJhtcgusawmhem;rSmyefxm;wJh em;awmif;av;wpfckudk qGJvIyfvdkufovdkyJ yd#uwfawGxJudk ÓPfapvTwfNyD;awmh vIyfMunfhvdkufw,f/ yd#uwfoHk;yHkrSmvmaewJh bk&m;a[ma'oemawGudk ÓPfESifhpl;prf;NyD;awmhrS 'Dtajzudkolu ay;wm/

]]t&Sifbk&m; ...tjypfr&SdwJh t*Fgqdkwmu oDvudk ac:qdkygw,f/

aowypäm' ----- tjzLa&mifjzifh vTrf;jcHKxm;w,f qdkwmuawmhudavomuif;pifaewJh t&[wåzdkvf 0drkwådormywfudk qdkvdkw,f?t&[wåzdkvfpdwfudk qdkvdkygw,f}}vdkY olu &Sif;jyxm;w,f/


{um& ----- wpfckwnf;aom axmifhtuefY &Sdw,f qdkwmuawmhowdudk qdkvdkygw,f t&Sifbk&m;wJh/

0wåwd ----- oGm;aew,f oGm;aew,fqdkwmuawmh a&SUodkY oGm;wmudkajymwmygwJh/

&axm&axm&axm&axm&axm - - - - - &xm;BuD; qdkwmuawmh pwkr[mblwdu - r[mbkwf"mwfBuD;av;yg; &SdaewJh 'D ½lyum,BuD;udk ajymaewm jzpfygw,ft&Sifbk&m;/

aemufwpfck ----- teDCm ----- qif;&Jjcif; uif;w,f qdkwmuawmhudavomtmoa0g uif;uGmaewJh &[EÅmt&SifjrwfawG[m avmurSmqif;&Jjcif; tuif;qHk; yk*¾dKvfawG jzpfMuw,f/ 'gaMumifh udavomtmoa0g uif;uGmaewJh &[EÅmt&Sifjrwfudk teDCmvdkY ac:ygw,f/

qdEéaomw ----- wPSma&,OfaMumudk jzwfNyD;w,f qdkwmuawmh&[EÅm t&Sifjrwfonf (31)bHk twGif;&Sd ouf&Sd oufrJh umr0w¬Ktpkpk b0xdkxdkudk wG,fwmwyfrufaewJh wPSma&,OfaMumudk jzwf-awmufNyD; edAÁmefqdkwJh [dkrSmbufurf;odkY a&mufatmif ul;cwfNyD;wJholawmfaumif;BuD; jzpfygw,f/

'gaMumifh qdEéaomw - a&,Ofudk jzwfawmufNyD;w,f qdkwmuwPSma&,OfaMumudk jzwfawmufNyD;rIudk qdkvdk&if; jzpfygw,f/

tAE¨e ----- taESmiftzGJUuif;w,f qdkwmuawmh &[EÅmt&SifjrwfawGrSm &m*qdkwJhtaESmiftzGJU r&Sdbl;? a'goqdkwJhtaESmiftzGJUvnf;r&Sdbl;? arm[qdkwJhtaESmiftzGJUvnf; r&Sdbl;/ 'DaESmifzGJUrIawGudk qdkvdkygw,fqdkNyD; olu t"dyÜg,fudk jyefNyD;awmh &Sif;vif;w,f/

tJ'Dt"dyÜg,fawG &Sif;vif;xm;csuft& 'D*gxmav;&JU teuft"dyÜg,fudk bmomjyefr,fqdkvkdY&SdvQif b,fvdk bmomjyefrvJ¿ --


aeva*Fg aowypäma'g? {uma&m 0wåwD &axm/aeva*Fg aowypäma'g? {uma&m 0wåwD &axm/aeva*Fg aowypäma'g? {uma&m 0wåwD &axm/aeva*Fg aowypäma'g? {uma&m 0wåwD &axm/aeva*Fg aowypäma'g? {uma&m 0wåwD &axm/teDCH yó tm,EÅH? qdEéaomwH tAEëH/teDCH yó tm,EÅH? qdEéaomwH tAEëH/teDCH yó tm,EÅH? qdEéaomwH tAEëH/teDCH yó tm,EÅH? qdEéaomwH tAEëH/teDCH yó tm,EÅH? qdEéaomwH tAEëH/

aeva*Fg =aeva*Fg =aeva*Fg =aeva*Fg =aeva*Fg = tjypfuif;aom ukd,fusifhoDvESifh jynfhpkHaom/ aow-aow-aow-aow-aow-ypäma'g = ypäma'g = ypäma'g = ypäma'g = ypäma'g = udavomwdkYrS vGwfajrmufvsuf&Sdaom jzLpifaompdwfxm;jzifh zkH;vTrf;í xm;tyfaom/ {uma&m = {uma&m = {uma&m = {uma&m = {uma&m = owdwnf;[laom wpfckwnf;aom axmifhtuefY&Sdawmfrlaom/ &axm = &axm = &axm = &axm = &axm = av;jzm"mwfaqmifþudk,faumif[laom &xm;BuD;onf/ 0wåwd = 0wåwd = 0wåwd = 0wåwd = 0wåwd = a&SUodkYoGm;í aeay\/

teDCH =teDCH =teDCH =teDCH =teDCH = qif;&Jjcif;uif;aom/ 0g? teDCH = teDCH = teDCH = teDCH = teDCH = &m* a'go arm[wnf;[laom tjypf uif;pifvsuf&Sdaom/ qdEéaomwH = qdEéaomwH = qdEéaomwH = qdEéaomwH = qdEéaomwH = jzwfawmufNyD;aom wPSma&t,Of &Sdawmfrlaom/ tAEëH = tAEëH = tAEëH = tAEëH = tAEëH = &m* a'go arm[wnf;[laom taESmiftzGJU &Sdawmfrrlaom/ tm,EÅH = tm,EÅH = tm,EÅH = tm,EÅH = tm,EÅH = <uvmawmfrlaom &[EÅmt&Sifjrwfudk/ yó = yó = yó = yó = yó = arwåmvTrf;ywf Munfvifaomo'¨g"mwfjzifh zl;ajrmfuefawmhvdkufprf;yg/ --

'Dvdk olu qdkvdkygw,f/

'DvdkqdkvdkwJhtaMumif; olu &Sif;jyvdkufawmh t&Sifumrbl rax&fjrwfBuD;u odyfNyD;awmh 0rf;omoGm;w,f/ 0rf;omoGm;vdkufawmhbmajymovJ¿ --

vmbm aw *[ywd? okv'¨H aw *[ywd? ,ó aw *rÇDa&vmbm aw *[ywd? okv'¨H aw *[ywd? ,ó aw *rÇDa&vmbm aw *[ywd? okv'¨H aw *[ywd? ,ó aw *rÇDa&vmbm aw *[ywd? okv'¨H aw *[ywd? ,ó aw *rÇDa&vmbm aw *[ywd? okv'¨H aw *[ywd? ,ó aw *rÇDa&Ak'¨0pae ynmpu©K urwd/Ak'¨0pae ynmpu©K urwd/Ak'¨0pae ynmpu©K urwd/Ak'¨0pae ynmpu©K urwd/Ak'¨0pae ynmpu©K urwd/

]]'g,umBuD; ...odyft&awmfw,f? 'g,umBuD;&JU vlUb0udk&&Sdjcif;onf aumif;aom&jcif;yJ jzpfw,f/ tvGef eufeJcufcJaewJhbk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awGü 'g,umBuD;&JU ynmpu©Kac:wJh ÓPfynmrsufpdonf ouf0ifNyD; wnfaeygw,f}}qdkNyD;awmh om"kac:ygw,f/


£rH ye yO§H uaxaEÅm Oygoaum 'kuú&H tumod/(oH-|-3-131/)

£rH ye yO§H =£rH ye yO§H =£rH ye yO§H =£rH ye yO§H =£rH ye yO§H = þjyóemudk/ uaxaEÅm = uaxaEÅm = uaxaEÅm = uaxaEÅm = uaxaEÅm = ajzqdkaewJh/ Oyg- Oyg- Oyg- Oyg- Oyg-oaum =oaum =oaum =oaum =oaum = pdwåol<u,fOygoum 'g,umonf/ 'kuú&H = 'kuú&H = 'kuú&H = 'kuú&H = 'kuú&H = tvGefcJ,Of;wJhtrIudk/ tumod = tumod = tumod = tumod = tumod = jyKcJhavNyD/

þ*gxmav;&JUteuft"dyÜg,fudk ajzqdkaewmu tvGefcufcJwJhvkyfief;wpfckudk pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD; jyKvkyfvdkufwmyJ/

'Dtcsufudk bkef;BuD;ajymwm &nf&G,fcsuf&Sdw,f/ vl0wfaMumifOygoum 'g,umwpfOD; jzpfayrJhvdkY yd#uwfoHk;yHkudk em;rSm yefqifxm;wJh em;awmif;uJhodkY qGJvIyfvkdY &EdkifwJhpGrf;tm;awG wnf&Sdvmatmifavhusifhxm;w,f/ raumif;bl;vm; 'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awG¿ odyfaumif;w,f/

yd#uwfawmfrSm vm&SdwJh w&m;awmfwG[m edAÁmefudk b,fvrf;uoGm;&r,fvdkY edAÁmefudk oGm;wJhvrf;udk ñTefMum;jyoay;aewJh a&;qGJxm;wJh tñTef;odkufpmajrykHawG jzpfMuygw,f/

edAÁmefudk vdkcsifvQif rdrdwdkYoGm;&rnfhvrf;av;udk rSefrSefuefuef odxm;zdkYawmh raumif;bl;vm;¿ odyfaumif;w,f/ ydkNyD; oabmaygufatmif a&SUua[mcJhwJh &weokwåef*gxmuav;udk jyefemMunfhygvm;/

0eyÜ*karÁ ,x zkódwa*¾?*drSmermao yXro® ð *darS/wxlyrH "r®0&H ta'o,d?edAÁme*gr ð y&rH [dwm,/£'rÜd Aka'¨ &weH yPDwH?{awe oapöe ok0w¬d a[mwk/


*drSmeH = aEGvwkdY\/yXro® ð *darS = a&S;OD;tp aEGvjzpfaom/rmao = pdMwrmo wefcl;vü/zkódwa*¾ = yifvkH;uRwfyGifhaom cufzsm;pkH&Sdaom/0eyÜ*karÁ = awmtkyfonf/ood&Daum ,xm = toa& &SdvSbdouJhokdY/wxlyrH = teufo'´g yef;pkHpGmjzifh a0qmjyefYajym xkdawm

tkyfvQif ykHyrm&Sdaom/edAÁme*gr ð = tNidrf;"mwfrSef jrwfedAÁmefokdY {uefxkwfacsmuf

a&mufjcif;\ taMumif;jzpfaom/"r®0&H = okH;ykHyd#uwf w&m;jrwfa'oemawmfukd/y&rH [dwm, = vl ewf jA[®m owå0gwkdY\ edAÁme"mwfwnf;

[laom tjrwfqkH; tusKd;pD;yGm;csrf;omtvkdYiSm/ta'o,d = u½kPm a&SUoGm; arwåmxm;í a[mMum;awmf

rltyfcJhavNyD/Aka' = okH;avmuxG#fxm; &Sifawmfjrwfbk&m;ü/£'rÜd &weH = þ jrwfEkd;zG,f&m &wemtjzpf odomzG,ft-

aMumif; ESpfoufzG,f *kPfawmftaygif;onfvnf;/

yPDwH = xl;jrwfawmfrlvSygay\/{awe oapöe = 0pDr*Fvm þopömpum;aMumifh/wkrSmuH = oif w&m;emy&dowftaygif; olawmfaumif;

wkdYtm;/ 0g?ygPDeH = taygif;rsm;pGm owå0gwdkYtm;/ok0w¬d = ab;&efukefuif; csrf;omat;jrjcif;onf/a[mwk = rkcsraoG jzpfygapownf;/ / (om"k om"k om"k)

a[m .. opömt"d|mef jyKwm/ bk&m;&Sifonf yd#uwf oHk;yHkudka[mwm bmOD;wnfcsufESifh a[mawmfrlovJ¿ --

vl ewf jA[®m owå0gwdkY\ edAÁme"mwfwnf;[laom tjrwfqHk;tusKd;pD;yGm;csrf;omawG &&Sdygapjcif;tusKd;iSm OD;wnfcsufESifh bk&m;a[mxm;awmfrlw,f/

]]'D rSefuefwJhopömpum;aMumifh a0omvDjynfoljynfom; trSL;&SdaewJh owå0gtaygif; ab;&efukefuif; csrf;omat;jrjcif; jzpfygapownf;}} qdkNyD; opömt"d|mefjyKwJh *gxmyJ/

xdkopömt"d|mefcsufonf rSm;ovm; rSefovm;vdkYar;vQif 'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awG b,fvdkajzMurvJ¿ rSefaew,f/ rSefaewJhtwGuf a0omvDjynfoljynfom; owå0gtrsm;wdkY csrf;omokc jzpfroGm;Mubl;vm;¿ jzpfoGm;Muw,f/

bk&m;&Sif a[mawmfrlwJhw&m;awGu edAÁmefudk tm;vHk;wmplxm;wJhw&m;awGom jzpfMuygw,f/ 'gaMumifh yd#uwfoHk;yHkudk tukefvHk; tm*HkraqmifEdkifawmif edAÁmefudk b,fvrf;u oGm;&r,fqdkwJh yd#uwfusrf;*efrSmvmwJh usifhpOfawGudkawmh pepfwus avhvmxm;MuzdkYraumif;bl;vm;¿ odyfaumif;w,f/ 'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awG twk,lzdkYyJaemf/

aemufokwåefwpfckuawmh - eHygwf (6) okwåefjzpfwJh 'kwd,umrblokwåef (oH-2-483-485/) jzpfygw,f/

²²²


tcef; (11)

'kwd,umrblokwåef

'kwd,umrblokwåefuawmh pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;u t&Sifumrbl rax&fudk jyefNyD;awmhar;wJh okwåefwpfckyJ/

'kwd,tBudrf t&Sifumrbl rax&fESifh pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;wdkY'DtrÁm#um&mrausmif;wdkufrSm wpfcg jyefNyD;awmh qHkMujyefw,f/ qHkwJhtcsdeftcgusawmh pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;u ]]t&Sifbk&m; ...ocFg&b,fESpfrsKd; &SdygovJbk&m;}}vdkY ar;w,f/ bm&nf&G,fcsufESifh oluar;ovJ¿ --

t,H ud& *[ywd eda&m"H 0vaÍÆwd? wo®m ]]eda&m"yg'auocFga& ykpädómrD}}wd pdaEÅwGm {0rm[/ (oH-|-3-132/)

t,H *[ywd =t,H *[ywd =t,H *[ywd =t,H *[ywd =t,H *[ywd = þ pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;onfum;/ eda&m"H eda&m"H eda&m"H eda&m"H eda&m"H===== eda&m"ormywfudk/ 0vaÍÆwd = 0vaÍÆwd = 0vaÍÆwd = 0vaÍÆwd = 0vaÍÆwd = okH;aqmifcHpm;EdkifwJh yk*¾dKvfBuD;jzpfay\/

oludk,fwdkifu eda&m"ormywf 0ifpm;Edkifw,f/ eda&m"ormywf

] 367


0ifpm;w,fqdkwmu a&SUuajymcJhovdk avmuDpsmeformywf &Spfyg;udkvnf; &&r,f? tem*grfyk*¾dKvfaomfvnf; jzpf&r,f odkYr[kwf &[EÅmyk*¾dKvfaomfvnf; jzpf&r,f/ tJ'D tem*grf &[EÅm yk*¾dKvfESpfOD;uavmuDpsmeformywf &Spfyg;udk &&SdcJhr,fqdkvQif eda&m"ormywfudk0ifpm;vdkY&w,f/

pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;u eda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;vdkY&wJhtqifhrSm &Sdaew,fqdkawmh oludk,fwdkifu tem*grfolawmfaumif;BuD;vnf;jzpfw,f? avmuDpsmeformywf &Spfyg;udkvnf; &&Sdxm;NyD; jzpfw,fvdkYodEdkifygw,f/ 'gaMumifh oludk;uG,fqnf;uyfaewJh trÁm#um&mrausmif;wdkufrSm oDwif;oHk;awmfrlwJh t&Sifumrblrax&fjrwfBuD;[mvnf; 'Deda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;oHk;aqmifrI &Sd-r&Sd odcsifwJhpdwfxm;jzifh olu 'Dvdkar;wm jzpfw,f/

t,H *[ywd =t,H *[ywd =t,H *[ywd =t,H *[ywd =t,H *[ywd = þ pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;onfum;/ eda&m"H eda&m"H eda&m"H eda&m"H eda&m"H===== eda&m"ormywfudk/ 0vaÍÆwd = 0vaÍÆwd = 0vaÍÆwd = 0vaÍÆwd = 0vaÍÆwd = okH;aqmifcHpm;EdkifwJh yk*¾dKvfBuD;jzpfay\/ wo®m = wo®m = wo®m = wo®m = wo®m = xdkaMumifh/ ]]eda&m"yg'au =eda&m"yg'au =eda&m"yg'au =eda&m"yg'au =eda&m"yg'au = eda&m"ormywf\tajccHtaMumif;&if;jzpfMuukefaom/ ocFga& = ocFga& = ocFga& = ocFga& = ocFga& = ocFg&w&m;wdkYudk/ykpä dómrd =ykpä dómrd =ykpä dómrd =ykpä dómrd =ykpä dómrd = igar;jref;avQmufxm;aythH/}} £wd = £wd = £wd = £wd = £wd = þodkY/ pdaEÅwGm pdaEÅwGm pdaEÅwGm pdaEÅwGm pdaEÅwGm===== MuHpnfpdwful;í/ {0H = {0H = {0H = {0H = {0H = þodkY/ tm[ = tm[ = tm[ = tm[ = tm[ = ar;jref;avQmufxm;jcif;jzpfay\/

eda&m"ormywf\ tajccHtaMumif;&if;jzpfaewJh ocFg&w&m;awGudk ig ar;jref;avQmufxm;r,fqdkwJh &nf&G,fcsufjzifh olu ...

]]uwd Ek acg baEÅ ocFg&m}}]]uwd Ek acg baEÅ ocFg&m}}]]uwd Ek acg baEÅ ocFg&m}}]]uwd Ek acg baEÅ ocFg&m}}]]uwd Ek acg baEÅ ocFg&m}}

]]ocFg&w&m;awG[m b,favmuf&SdygovJbk&m;}} qdkNyD;awmh olu'Dvdk ar;wm/ 'Dvdkar;wJhtcsdeftcgrSmvnf; t&Sifumrbl rax&fu'Dpdwåol<u,f'g,umBuD;&JU pdwftpOfudk ÓPfESifhvSrf;Munfhvdkufawmh

'kwd,umrblokwåef ] 369

jrifaeNyD/ bm&nf&G,fcsufESifh olu ar;aew,fqdkwm odw,f/

'Dae&mrSm pdwåol<u,f'g,umBuD;u eda&m"ormywfESifh qufpyfNyD; bmukd ar;csifaewmvJ¿ 'Dtcsufukd t|uxmu (oH-|-3-132/)

'Dvkd &Sif;jyxm;ygw,f/ --

um,ocFg& 0pDocFg& pdwåocFg&qkdwJh 'DocFg&awG[m tcsif;csif;a&maxG;aeMuw,f? vIyfacsmufcsm;vkdY &EkdifwJhw&m;awG jzpfMuw,f?ruRrf;usifwJh yk*¾dKvfawG&JU ÓPfrSm rxif&Sm;wJh w&m;rsKd;awG jzpfMuw,f/ em;vnfatmif xifxif&Sm;&Sm; ajymjyzkdY&ef cufcJwJhw&m;awGjzpfMuw,f/ bmaMumifhvJqkdvQif t&m0w¬Kwpfckukd vSrf;qGJ,lvkdufwJhtcgç t&m0w¬Kwpfckukd vTihfypfvkdufwJhtcgç t&m0w¬Kwpfckukd vIyf&Sm;atmif a&GUvsm;atmif jyKvkyfvkdufwJhtcg um,'Gg&rSm umrm0p&ukodkvfapwem (8)rsKd;ç tukokdvfapwem (12)rsKd; - aygif; (20)aomukodkvfapwem tukodkvfapwemawG xdkufovdk jzpfMuw,f/ tJ'Dukokdvf-tukokdvf apwemawGukdvnf; um,ocFg&vkdY ac:w,f/0ifav-xGufavqkdwhJ tómo-yómoukdvnf; um,ocFg&vkdYyJac:qkdMuw,f/

ar;ukd vIyf&Sm;atmif jyKvkyfwJhtcgç toHukdxGufay:vmatmifjyKvkyfwhJtcg 0pD'Gg&rSm jzpfay:vmwJh ajymcJhNyD;wJh ukokdvfapwemtukokdvfapwem (20)ukdvnf; 0pDocFg&vkdY ac:qkdMuw,f/ pum;oHjzpfatmif MuHpnfrI (= 0dwuf)ç qifjcifrI (= 0dpm&)ukdvnf; 0pDocFg&vYkdac:qkdMuw,f/

wpfzef um,'Gg& 0pD'Gg&awGrSm vIyf&Sm;rI r&SdbJ qdwfuG,f&mwpfae&mrSm xkdifNyD; pOf;pm;cef;0ifaewJhtcg raem'Gg&rSm jzpfay:vmwJhtukokdvfapwem (12)ç umrm0p&ukokdvfapwem (8)ç ½lyg0p&+t½lyg0p&ukokdvfapwem (9) - aygif; (29)rsKd;aom ukokdvfapwem


awGukdvnf; pdwåocFg&vkdY ac:qkdMuw,f/ onmESifh a0'em w&m;ESpfrsKd;ukdvnf; pdwåocFg&vkdY ac:qkdMuw,f/ 'gaMumifh 'Dum,ocFg& 0pDocFg& pdwåocFg&awG[m tcsif;csif; a&maxG;aeMuw,f? vIyfacsmufcsm;vkdY &EkdifwJhw&m;awG jzpfMuw,f? ruGßrf;usifwJhyk*¾dKvfawG&JU ÓPfrSmrxif&Sm;wJh w&m;rsKd;awG jzpfMuw,f? em;vnfatmif xifxif&Sm;&Sm;jyzkdY&ef cufcJwJhw&m;awG jzpfMuw,f/ 'Dw&m;awGukd xifxif&Sm;&Sm;od&Sdvmatmif tajzawGukd olu em,lcsifw,f? 'gaMumifh olu'Dar;cGef;ukd ar;wm jzpfw,f/ t&Sifumrbl rax&fjrwfuvnf;olU&JU&nf&G,fcsuf OD;wnfcsufukd odaeygw,f/

'DocFg&toHk;tEIef;u bkef;BuD;wdkYpmaye,frSm Ak'tbd"r®me,fy,frSm toHk;tEIef;awG awmfawmfrsm;w,f/

yknmbdocFga&m tyknmbdocFga&m tmeÍömbdocFga&m - qdkNyD;awmh [dk ..t0dZÆmypö,m ocFg&m - rSmvnf; ocFg&wpfrsKd; vmw,f/

]]oaAÁ ocFg&m tedpöm}}wd? ,'g ynm, yówd ...ponfjzifhtJ'DrSmvnf; 'ku©opöm trnf&aewJh wpfq,fhwpfrsKd;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh wnfaewJh Oyg'geu©Emig;yg;ç ork',opöm trnf&wJhaMumif;usKd;quf y#dpöorkyÜg'f oabmw&m;awGudkvnf; ocFg&qdkNyD;a[mxm;awmfrlwmawG &Sdw,f/

½lyu©E¨m a0'emu©E¨m onmu©E¨m ocFg&u©E¨m 0dnmPu©E¨mqdkNyD;tJ'D cE¨mig;yg;rSmvnf; a0'em onmrS vGJvQif usefapwoduf tvkH;(50)wdkYudk ocFg&u©E¨mqdkNyD; a[mxm;awmfrlwmvnf; &Sdw,f/

tJ'Dvdk ocFg&trsKd;rsKd;awG&SdaewJhtxJu pdwåol<u,f'g,umBuD;ueda&m"ormywfudk &nf&G,fNyD;awmh ar;aew,fqdkwm odwJhtwGuf]]'g,umBuD; ...um,ocFg& 0pDocFg& pdwåocFg&qdkNyD; ocFg&oHk;rsKd;&Sdw,f}}vdkY jyefNyD;awmh tajzay;vdkufw,f/


um,ocFg&

tJ'DtcsdefrSm - t&Sifbk&m; ...um,ocFg&qdkwm bmvJ¿ a[molu xyfqifhvmNyD/ 0pDocFg&qdkwm bmvJ¿ pdwåocFg&qdkwm bmudkac:ygovJ¿ xyfNyD;awmh ar;jref;jyefw,f/

w&m;rSm arGUavsmf aysmfydkuf ESpfNcdKufaewJh yk*¾dKvfrsm; wpfenf;tm;jzifhajymvQifawmh eda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;EdkifwJhpGrf;tm; &SdaewJht&d,molawmfaumif;BuD;awG tcsif;csif; acgif;csif;½dkufNyD;awmh aqG;aEG;aewJh w&m;yGJav;wpfckyJaemf/

tJ'Dvdk ar;vdkufwJhtcsdeftcgusawmh t&Sifumrbl rax&fjrwfBuD;u bmjyefNyD;awmh tajzay;ovJ¿ --

tómoyómom acg *[ywd um,ocFga&m? 0dwuú-tómoyómom acg *[ywd um,ocFga&m? 0dwuú-tómoyómom acg *[ywd um,ocFga&m? 0dwuú-tómoyómom acg *[ywd um,ocFga&m? 0dwuú-tómoyómom acg *[ywd um,ocFga&m? 0dwuú-0dpm&m 0pDocFga&m? onm p a0'em p pdwåocFga&m/0dpm&m 0pDocFga&m? onm p a0'em p pdwåocFga&m/0dpm&m 0pDocFga&m? onm p a0'em p pdwåocFga&m/0dpm&m 0pDocFga&m? onm p a0'em p pdwåocFga&m/0dpm&m 0pDocFga&m? onm p a0'em p pdwåocFga&m/

]]tómo-yómo 0ifoufav-xGufoufavudk um,ocFg&vdkY ac:w,f/

0dwufESifh 0dpm& w&m;ESpfyg;udk 0pDocFg&vdkY ac:w,f/

onmESifh a0'em - 'Dw&m; ESpfyg;usawmh pdwåocFg&vdkY ac:w,f'g,umBuD;}} --

qkdNyD;awmh jyefajzw,f/

tJ'Dvdk ajzvdkufwJh tcsdeftcgrSm pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;bufuvnf; ]]t&Sifbk&m; ... b,fvdk taMumif;aMumifh 0ifoufav-xGufoufav tómo-yómoudk um,ocFg&vdkY ac:ygovJ¿0dwufESifh 0dpm& w&m;ESpfyg;udk 0pDocFg&vdkY ac:ygovJ¿ onmESifh


a0'em w&m;ESpfyg;udk pdwåocFg&vdkY ac:ygovJ}}vdkY - jyefNyD;awmhar;w,f/ tJ'Dvdk jyefar;vdkufwJh tcsdeftcgusawmhrS ...

tómoyómom acg *[ywd um,dum {aw "r®mtómoyómom acg *[ywd um,dum {aw "r®mtómoyómom acg *[ywd um,dum {aw "r®mtómoyómom acg *[ywd um,dum {aw "r®mtómoyómom acg *[ywd um,dum {aw "r®mum,yÜ#dA'¨g? wo®m tómoyómom um,ocFga&m/um,yÜ#dA'¨g? wo®m tómoyómom um,ocFga&m/um,yÜ#dA'¨g? wo®m tómoyómom um,ocFga&m/um,yÜ#dA'¨g? wo®m tómoyómom um,ocFga&m/um,yÜ#dA'¨g? wo®m tómoyómom um,ocFga&m/

*[ywd*[ywd*[ywd*[ywd*[ywd ===== 'g,umBuD; .../ tómoyómomtómoyómomtómoyómomtómoyómomtómoyómom ===== 0ifav-xGufav[k ac:qdktyfwJh tómo-yómow&m;wdkYonfum;/ um,dumum,dumum,dumum,dumum,dum===== um&Zum,udk rSDí jzpfaeMuukef\/ {aw "r®m = {aw "r®m = {aw "r®m = {aw "r®m = {aw "r®m = xdk tómo-yómow&m;wdkYonfum;/ um,yÜ#dA'¨g = um,yÜ#dA'¨g = um,yÜ#dA'¨g = um,yÜ#dA'¨g = um,yÜ#dA'¨g = um&Zum,ESifh qufpyfí jzpfaeMuukef\/ wo®m = wo®m = wo®m = wo®m = wo®m = xdkaMumifh/ tómoyómom = tómoyómom = tómoyómom = tómoyómom = tómoyómom =tómo-yómowdkYonf/ um,ocFga&m = um,ocFga&m = um,ocFga&m = um,ocFga&m = um,ocFga&m = um,ocFg& rnf\/

'g,umBuD; ... 0ifav-xGufavqdkwm um&Zum,ESifh qufpyfaew,f/ um&Zum,qdkwmuawmh 'DcE¨mtdrfrSm wnf&SdaewJh uHpdwf Owk tm[m& taMumif;w&m;av;yg;aMumifh xif&Sm;jzpfaewJh½kyfw&m;taygif;udk um&Zum,vdkY ac:w,f/

tJ'Dum&Zum,ESifh 'Dtómo-yómo ac:wJh 0ifav-xGufavawG[m qufpyfNyD;awmh jzpfaew,f? 'Dum&Zum,udk rSDNyD; jzpfaew,f/ 'gaMumifh 0ifoufav-xGufoufav (= tómo-yómo)udkum,ocFg&vdkY ac:ygw,f/

enf;enf; em;vnfvG,fatmif xyfajymr,faemf/ 'DcE¨mtdrfBuD;r&Sdawmhbl;qdkvQif touf½SLwm &SdOD;rvm;¿ r&Sdawmhbl;/ cEmtdrfudk"mwfcGJvdkufawmh ur®Z½kyf pdwåZ½kyf OwkZ½kyf tm[m&Z½kyf qkdNyD;½kyfav;rsKd; xGufvmw,f/ 'gaMumifh tJ'D½kyfav;rsKd;udk um&Zum,vdkYac:w,f/ 'Dvdk &Sif;jyvdkufw,f/


0pDocFg&ykaAÁ acg *[ywd 0dwauúwGm 0dpma&wGm ypäm 0gpH bdE´wd?ykaAÁ acg *[ywd 0dwauúwGm 0dpma&wGm ypäm 0gpH bdE´wd?ykaAÁ acg *[ywd 0dwauúwGm 0dpma&wGm ypäm 0gpH bdE´wd?ykaAÁ acg *[ywd 0dwauúwGm 0dpma&wGm ypäm 0gpH bdE´wd?ykaAÁ acg *[ywd 0dwauúwGm 0dpma&wGm ypäm 0gpH bdE´wd?

wo®m 0dwuú0dpm&m 0pDocFga&m/wo®m 0dwuú0dpm&m 0pDocFga&m/wo®m 0dwuú0dpm&m 0pDocFga&m/wo®m 0dwuú0dpm&m 0pDocFga&m/wo®m 0dwuú0dpm&m 0pDocFga&m/

ykaAÁ acg *[ywd 0dwauúwGm 0dpma&wGmykaAÁ acg *[ywd 0dwauúwGm 0dpma&wGmykaAÁ acg *[ywd 0dwauúwGm 0dpma&wGmykaAÁ acg *[ywd 0dwauúwGm 0dpma&wGmykaAÁ acg *[ywd 0dwauúwGm 0dpma&wGm = = = = = 'g,umBuD; ...a&S;OD;pGm MuHpnfpdwful; pOf;pm;qifjcifNyD;rS/

ypäm 0gpH bdE´wd ypäm 0gpH bdE´wd ypäm 0gpH bdE´wd ypäm 0gpH bdE´wd ypäm 0gpH bdE´wd ===== aemufumvusrS pum;ajymw,f/

'gaMumifh 0dwufESifh 0dpm& ESpfyg;udk 0pDocFg&vdkYac:qkdtyfwJh 0pDpum;oHuav; jzpfay:vmatmif jyKjyifay;aewJh w&m;awGvdkY 'Dvdkac:w,f/

pOf;pm;Munfhprf;µ ]u} vdkY ajymcsifaewJh MuHpnfpdwful;rI oHk;oyfqifjcifrI 0dwuf 0dpm& &Sdw,f? tJ'Dvdk&SdvmwJhtcg ]u} qdkwJh toHav;wpfck ay:rvmbl;vm;¿ ay:vmw,f/

]c} vdkY ajymcsifaewJh MuHpnfpdwful;rI oHk;oyfqifjcifrI 0dwuf 0dpm&&Sdw,f/ &SdvmvdkY&SdvQif ]c} vdkYajymaewJh toHwpfck ay:rvmbl;vm;¿ay:vmw,f/

]u c} ponfjzifh 'DvdktoHav;awGudk jyKjyifay;wm? rajymcifrSmBudKwifNyD;awmh bmvkyfovJ¿ ]]ig ]u} vdkY ajymr,f? ig ]c} vdkY ajymr,f}}qdkwJh BudKwifpdwful;rI MuHpnfawG;awmrI MuHpnfpOf;pm;qifjcifrIr&Sdbl;vm;¿ &Sdw,f/ &SdaewJhtwGufaMumifh 'D0dwuf 0dpm& w&m;ESpfyg;udk 0pDocFg&0pDocFg&0pDocFg&0pDocFg&0pDocFg& = = = = = 0pDpum;oH jzpfay:vmatmif jyKjyifay;aewJhw&m;vdkY'Dvdkac:w,f qdkNyD; t&Sifumrblrax&fjrwfu &Sif;jyvdkufw,f/

pdwåocFg&onm p a0'em p apwodum {aw "r®m pdwåyÜ#dA'¨g? wo®monm p a0'em p apwodum {aw "r®m pdwåyÜ#dA'¨g? wo®monm p a0'em p apwodum {aw "r®m pdwåyÜ#dA'¨g? wo®monm p a0'em p apwodum {aw "r®m pdwåyÜ#dA'¨g? wo®monm p a0'em p apwodum {aw "r®m pdwåyÜ#dA'¨g? wo®m

onm p a0'em p pdwåocFga&m/onm p a0'em p pdwåocFga&m/onm p a0'em p pdwåocFga&m/onm p a0'em p pdwåocFga&m/onm p a0'em p pdwåocFga&m/


rSwfom;wwfwJh oabmuav;u onm? tjzL teD t0gponfjzifh tm½kHudk rSwfom;wwfwJhoabmyJ/ [kwfwmvnf; rSwfw,f?r[kwfwmvnf; rSwfw,f/ om; orD; ZeD; ajr; jrpf 'Dvdkvnf; rrSwfbl;vm;¿ rSwfw,f/ a&T aiG v,f ,m 'Dvdkvnf; rSwfrxm;bl;vm;¿rSwfxm;w,f/ ½kyfw&m; emrfw&m;vdkYvnf; rrSwfbl;vm;¿ rSwfw,f/zó a0'em onm ponfjzifh rrSwfbl;vm;¿ rSwfw,f/ rSefwmawGvnf; rSwfw,f? rSm;wmawGvnf; rSwfw,f/

a0'emu cHpm;rI? csrf;omwJh cHpm;rIç qif;&JwJh cHpm;rIç tv,ftvwf cHpm;rI - tm;vHk;yJ/

tJ'D onm a0'em w&m;ESpfyg;u pdwåyÜ#dA'¨ pdwåyÜ#dA'¨ pdwåyÜ#dA'¨ pdwåyÜ#dA'¨ pdwåyÜ#dA'¨ ===== pdwfESifhqufpyfNyD;jzpfaew,f/ apwoduapwoduapwoduapwoduapwodu = = = = = pdwfrSm rSDNyD; jzpfaew,f/

'gaMumifh olwdkYudk pdwåocFg& pdwåocFg& pdwåocFg& pdwåocFg& pdwåocFg& ===== pdwfudkjzpfay:vmatmif jyKjyifay;aewJh w&m;awGvdkY 'Dvdk qkdvdkygw,f/

om;ESifhywfoufvdkY pdwful;MuHpnfrIawG ay:vmw,f? om;qdkwJhrSwfom;rIudk tajccHw,f? om;ESifhywfoufwJh cHpm;csufuav;awGudktajccHw,f/

orD;ESifhywfoufwJh MuHpnfpdwful;rIawG pdwfawG ay:vmw,f?orD;qdkwJh rSwfom;rIESifh orD;ESifhywfoufwJh cHpm;csufuav;awGudktajccHw,f/

'gaMumifh 'D onm a0'em w&m;ESpfyg;u pdwfESifhqufpyfNyD;awmhpdwfudk rSDjzpfaewJhtwGuf pdwåocFg&pdwåocFg&pdwåocFg&pdwåocFg&pdwåocFg& = = = = = pdwfudk jzpfay:vmatmifjyKjyifay;aew,fvdkY 'Dvdk qdkvdkygw,f/

tJ'Dvdk &Sif;jyvdkufwJhtcsdeftcgusawmh aemufxyfwpfqifh oluwpfcgxyfNyD; ar;w,faemf/ --


onma0',dweda&m"ormywf

uxH ye baEÅ onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd a[mwd/uxH ye baEÅ onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd a[mwd/uxH ye baEÅ onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd a[mwd/uxH ye baEÅ onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd a[mwd/uxH ye baEÅ onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd a[mwd/

t&Sifbk&m; ...onma0',dweda&m"ormywfvdkY ac:qdktyfwJhonm a0'emwdkY&JU csKyf&mjzpfwJh eda&m"ormywfudk b,fyHk b,fyef;b,fenf;vrf;tm;jzifh 0ifpm;&ygovJ¿ 0ifpm;vQif b,fvdk0ifpm;ovJb,fvdkjzpfay:vmovJvdkY 'Dvdkar;w,f/

bm&nf&G,fcsufESifh olu ar;ovJvdkYqdkawmh ]]t&Sifumrblrax&fonf eda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;ovm; r0ifpm;bl;vm;}} olu odcsifaew,f/

odcsifaewJh 'D&nf&G,fcsufESifh olu 'Deda&m"ormywfudk b,fyHkb,fyef; b,fenf;vrf;tm;jzifh 0ifpm;&ygovJvdkY 'Dar;cGef;udk oluar;wm/ tJ'Dvdkar;vdkufwJhtcsdeftcgrSm t&Sifumrblrax&fjrwfub,fvdk jyefajzovJ¿ --

e acg *[ywd onma0',dweda&m"H ormyZÆEÅó bdu©Kaeme acg *[ywd onma0',dweda&m"H ormyZÆEÅó bdu©Kaeme acg *[ywd onma0',dweda&m"H ormyZÆEÅó bdu©Kaeme acg *[ywd onma0',dweda&m"H ormyZÆEÅó bdu©Kaeme acg *[ywd onma0',dweda&m"H ormyZÆEÅó bdu©Kaem{0H a[mwd ]]t[H onma0',dweda&m"H ormyZÆdó}}EÅd 0g?{0H a[mwd ]]t[H onma0',dweda&m"H ormyZÆdó}}EÅd 0g?{0H a[mwd ]]t[H onma0',dweda&m"H ormyZÆdó}}EÅd 0g?{0H a[mwd ]]t[H onma0',dweda&m"H ormyZÆdó}}EÅd 0g?{0H a[mwd ]]t[H onma0',dweda&m"H ormyZÆdó}}EÅd 0g?]]t[H onma0',dweda&m"H ormyZÆmrD}}wd 0g? ]]t[H onm-]]t[H onma0',dweda&m"H ormyZÆmrD}}wd 0g? ]]t[H onm-]]t[H onma0',dweda&m"H ormyZÆmrD}}wd 0g? ]]t[H onm-]]t[H onma0',dweda&m"H ormyZÆmrD}}wd 0g? ]]t[H onm-]]t[H onma0',dweda&m"H ormyZÆmrD}}wd 0g? ]]t[H onm-a0',dweda&m"H ormyaEém}}wd 0g/ tx cGó ykaAÁ0 wxma0',dweda&m"H ormyaEém}}wd 0g/ tx cGó ykaAÁ0 wxma0',dweda&m"H ormyaEém}}wd 0g/ tx cGó ykaAÁ0 wxma0',dweda&m"H ormyaEém}}wd 0g/ tx cGó ykaAÁ0 wxma0',dweda&m"H ormyaEém}}wd 0g/ tx cGó ykaAÁ0 wxmpdwåH bm0dwH a[mwd? ,H wH wxwåm, Oyaewd/pdwåH bm0dwH a[mwd? ,H wH wxwåm, Oyaewd/pdwåH bm0dwH a[mwd? ,H wH wxwåm, Oyaewd/pdwåH bm0dwH a[mwd? ,H wH wxwåm, Oyaewd/pdwåH bm0dwH a[mwd? ,H wH wxwåm, Oyaewd/

*[ywd =*[ywd =*[ywd =*[ywd =*[ywd = ausmif;'g,umBuD; .../ onma0',dweda&m"H = onma0',dweda&m"H = onma0',dweda&m"H = onma0',dweda&m"H = onma0',dweda&m"H =onma0',dweda&m" trnf&wJh eda&m"ormywfudk/ ormyZÆEÅóormyZÆEÅóormyZÆEÅóormyZÆEÅóormyZÆEÅó===== 0ifpm;aewJh/ bdu©Kaem = bdu©Kaem = bdu©Kaem = bdu©Kaem = bdu©Kaem = &[ef;awmftzdkY/ {0H = {0H = {0H = {0H = {0H = þodkYaom pdwftMuHtpnfonf/ e acg a[mwd = e acg a[mwd = e acg a[mwd = e acg a[mwd = e acg a[mwd = rjzpfonfomwnf;/

onm a0'emwdkY&JU csKyf&m..qdkwmuawmh onmESifh a0'emudkOD;wnfajzwmygyJ/ pdwf-apwoduftm;vHk; csKyfwJh ormywfyg/


onm a0'emqdkwmu oAÁpdwåom"m&PapwodufawG jzpfawmhpdwftm;vHk;ESifh qufqHaew,f/ onm a0'em rygwJh pdwfqdkwmr&Sdaumif;bl;/ r&Sdaumif;wJhtwGuf onm a0'em csKyfvQif onma0'emESifh ,SOfwGJaewJh pdwf-apwodufawGvnf; tukefvHk; csKyfw,fvdkYqdkvdkygw,f/ pdwf-apwodufawG csKyfoGm;wJhtwGuf pdwf-apwodufawGaMumifhjzpfwJh pdwåZ½kyfawGvnf; csKyfoGm;Muygw,f/

tJ'D pdwf-apwodufawG tm;vHk;csKyfaewJh ormywfudk eda&m"ormywfvdkYac:w,f/ xdkeda&m"ormywfudk0ifpm;aewJh &[ef;awmf&JUoEÅmefrSm 'Dvdk pdwftMuHtpnf rjzpfbl;/ b,fvdk rjzpfovJ¿

t[H =t[H =t[H =t[H =t[H = igonf/ onma0',dweda&m"H = onma0',dweda&m"H = onma0',dweda&m"H = onma0',dweda&m"H = onma0',dweda&m"H = onma0'emwdkY&JUcsKyf&mjzpfwJh eda&m"ormywfudk/ ormyZÆdóEÅd ormyZÆdóEÅd ormyZÆdóEÅd ormyZÆdóEÅd ormyZÆdóEÅd 0g =0g =0g =0g =0g = 0ifpm;thH[lívnf;aumif;/ t[Ht[Ht[Ht[Ht[H ===== igonf/ onma0',dweda&m"Honma0',dweda&m"Honma0',dweda&m"Honma0',dweda&m"Honma0',dweda&m"H ===== onma0'emwdkY&JU csKyf&mjzpfwJh eda&m"ormywfudk/ ormyZÆmrDwd 0g =ormyZÆmrDwd 0g =ormyZÆmrDwd 0g =ormyZÆmrDwd 0g =ormyZÆmrDwd 0g = 0ifpm;íae\[lívnf;aumif;/ t[H = t[H = t[H = t[H = t[H = igonf/ onma0',dweda&m"H =onma0',dweda&m"H =onma0',dweda&m"H =onma0',dweda&m"H =onma0',dweda&m"H =onm a0'emwdkY&JU csKyf&mjzpfwJh eda&m"ormywfudk/ ormyaEémwdormyaEémwdormyaEémwdormyaEémwdormyaEémwd0g =0g =0g =0g =0g = 0ifpm;NyD;NyD[lívnf;aumif;/ {0H = {0H = {0H = {0H = {0H = þodkYaom pdwftMuHtpnfonf/ e acg a[mwd = e acg a[mwd = e acg a[mwd = e acg a[mwd = e acg a[mwd = rjzpfonfomwnf;/

onm a0'emwdkY&JU csKyf&mjzpfwJh eda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;rnfhyk*¾dKvfonf ]]igonf onm a0'emwdkY&JU csKyf&mjzpfwJh eda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;awmhr,f}} 'Dvdkpdwfxm;vnf; rjzpfbl;/

]]igonf onm a0'emwdkY&JU csKyf&mjzpfwJh eda&m"ormywfudk0ifpm;aer,f}} 'Dvdk pdwfxm;vnf; rjzpfygbl;/

b,ftcdkuf ajymaeovJqdkawmh igonf onm a0'emwdkY&JU csKyf&mjzpfwJh eda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;awmhr,fqdkwJhtydkif;ç igonf onma0'emwdkY&JU csKyf&mjzpfwJh eda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;aew,fqdkwJhtydkif;?


'Dtydkif;awGudk ajymaew,f/

tJ'Dpdwfxm;av;awG r&Sdbl; qdkwmuawmh ae0onmemonm,wepsmeformywfudk 0ifpm;aewJh tcsdeftcgudk &nfñTef;xm;w,fqdkNyD; t|uxmu zGifhqdkxm;ygw,f/ (oH-|-3-133/)

]]igonf onm a0'emwdkY&JU csKyf&mjzpfwJh eda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;NyD;NyD}}qdkwJhtydkif;uawmh eda&m"ormywfudk qdkufaewJhtydkif;av;udk&nfñTef;xm;w,f/ (oH-|-3-133/)

]]0ifpm;awmhr,f}}? ]]0ifpm;aeNyD}} - 'Dvdkpdwfxm;rsKd; rjzpfbl;qdkwmuawmh pdwf&Sdaeao;wJh opdwåu-umvvdkY ac:qdktyfwJh ae0onmemonm,wepsmefudk 0ifpm;aewJh tcsdefumvav;udk &nf&G,fw,f/]]0ifpm;NyD;NyDqdkwJh pdwfxm; r&Sdbl;}}qdkwmuawmh eda&m"ormywfqdkufoGm;wJh tpdwåu-umv pdwfr&SdwJhtcsdeftcgumvudk &nfñTef;xm;w,fqdkNyD; t|uxmu zGifhqdkxm;w,f/ (oH-|-3-133/)

'Dpum;udk jAKef;ueJ em;vnfcsifrS em;vnfr,faemf/ em;vnfEdkifatmif bkef;BuD; xyfNyD;awmh BudK;pm;NyD; ajymygr,f/ a&SUuajymcJhwJhormywf&Spfyg;u 'Dar;cGef;awGudk enf;enf;av; tajccHxm;w,f/

bkef;BuD;&JU &nf&G,fcsufuawmh 'D y&dowfxJrSmaygh .. 'DvdkormywfawGudk 0ifpm;EdkifwJh pGrf;tm;&SdwJh yk*¾dKvfxl; yk*¾dKvfrGefawGomoemawmfrSm ay:vmr,fqdkvQifaygh .. bkef;BuD; odyf0rf;omr,f?'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awGvnf; 0rf;rombl;vm;¿ 0rf;omMur,f/ udk,fhomoemawmfBuD;[m 'Dvdk tm;udk;&m axmufwnf&m&EdkifwJh w&m;xl; w&m;jrwfawG tqifhjrifhjrifh &Sdaew,fqdkwmav;udkodapcsifvdkYygaemf/

tJ'Dawmh 'Dae&mrSm zvormywfESifh eda&m"ormywf&JU jcm;em;csufuav;udkawmh enf;enf;ajymcsifw,f/ zvormywfqdkwmu bmvJ¿


zvormywf

ww¬ um zvormywåDwd ,m t&d,zvó eda&ma" tyÜem/

'g 0dok'dr*¾t|uxm 'kwd,wGJ pmrsufESm (341) rSm zGifhqdkxm;wJhtzGifhyJ/ zvormywfqdkwmu bmvJvdkYar;awmh --

t&d,zvó eda&ma" tyÜem = t&d,zdkvfpdwfawGu eda&m"trnf&aewJh edAÁmefw&m;awmfjrwfü tyÜempsmef&JUpGrf;tm;jzifh jzpfay:aerI/ yGifhyGifhvif;vif; xyfNyD;awmh enf;enf;em;vnfatmif xyfajym&vQif topfwpfcg edAÁmefudk tm½Hk,lNyD; t&d,zdkvfpdwfawG qufwdkufjzpfaerIudk zvormywfvdkY ac:w,f/

zdkvfpdwfqdkwm &Sdovm; r&Sdbl;vm;¿ &Sdw,f/ edAÁmefqdkwmvnf;&Sdovm; r&Sdbl;vm;¿ &Sdw,f/ xdkedAÁmefu tocFw"mwfedAÁmef? ½kyfawGemrfawG xdkedAÁmefrSm vHk;vHk; r&Sdbl;/

t½IcHtm½HkjzpfwJh tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwf edAÁmefrSm ½kyfw&m;emrfw&m; vHk;vHk; r&Sdbl;/ ½kyfemrfwdkY&JU csKyfqHk;&mjzpfwJh tocFw"mwftNidrf;"mwf edAÁmefudk vSrf;NyD; tm½Hk,laewJh zdkvfpdwfawGuawmh &Sdaeygw,f/

tJ'D zdkvfpdwfawGrSm pdwf-apwoduf b,fESpfvHk; &Sdw,fqdkwmua,m*Dyk*¾dKvfawG wu,f zvormywf 0ifpm;EdkifwJhtcg zvormywfrS tx ypöa0u©PmaZm0DxdpdwftpOfjzifh wpfenf;ajymvQif 0dyóemÓPfESifh ½IMunfhvQif a&wGufMunfhvQif [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm odEdkifw,f/

tu,fí yxrpsmeform"dudk tajccHNyD;awmh 'Dyxrpsmef emrfw&m;awGudk tedpö 'ku© tewå vu©Pma&; oHk;wefwifNyD; 0dyóem½IvdkY t&d,r*fqdkufcJhvQifawmh tJ'Dyk*¾dKvf&JU zvormywfrSm pdwf-apwoduf (37)vHk; &Sdygw,f/


a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu rdrdvnf; 0ifpm;EdkifwJhpGrf;&nf &SdvQifawmh zvormywfrS tx 0dyóemÓPfESifh jyefNyD; a&wGufMunfh? odEdkifw,f/ tJ'Dpdwf-apwoduf (37)vHk;udk odcsifvQifawmh bmvkyf&rvJ¿ vufawGUyJusifhayawmh/

'Dawmh ajymvkd&if;uawmh bmvJ¿ zdkvf0ifpm;aew,fqdkwJhvkyfief;[m pdwf-apwodufcsKyfwJh ormywf [kwfovm;¿ r[kwfbl;/

t½IcHtm½HkjzpfwJh tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwfedAÁmefbufrSm pdwf-apwoduf ½kyfw&m;awG r&Sdbl;? ½kyfemrf r&Sdwm rSefw,f/ ½kyfemrfwdkY&JUcsKyfqHk;&mjzpfwJh xdktocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwfedAÁmefudk vSrf;NyD; tm½Hk,laewJh zdkvfpdwfawGuawmh xdka,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvf&JU oEÅmefrSm jzpfovm; rjzpfbl;vm;¿ jzpfaew,f/

t½IcHtm½HkbufrSm ½kyfemrf r&Sdbl;/ ½kyfemrfr&Sd&mjzpfwJh tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwf edAÁmefudk vSrf;NyD;odaewJh r*fpdwf zdkvfpdwf qdkwmawmhr&Sdbl;vm;¿ &Sdaew,f/ pdwf-apwodufcsKyfwJh ormywf [kwfovm;¿r[kwfbl;aemf/ tJ'Dawmh 'Dae&mrSm ...

t&d,zvó eda&ma" tyÜemwd t&d,ó zvpsmeó edAÁmaetm&r®Pblaw tyÜemuma&e y0wåd/

qdkNyD;awmh .. r[m#Dumq&mawmfuvnf; 0dok'dr*¾r[m#Dum'kwd,wGJ pmrsufESm (515) rSm zGifhqdkxm;ygw,f/

tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwf edAÁmef tm½kHrSm tyÜempsmefpGrf;tm;tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh t&d,zdkvfpdwfawG tqufrjywfjzpfaerIudkyJ zvormywfvdkY ac:qdkw,f/

'gaMumifh zvormywf[lonf pdwf-apwodufcsKyfaewJh ormywf[kwfovm;¿ r[kwfbl;/ 'gudkawmh uGJuGJjym;jym; rSwfxm;aemf/


aemufwpfck - 'Dzvormywfudk bmhaMumifh 0ifpm;MuovJvdkYar;vQif 'd|"r®okc0d[m& - rsufarSmufb0rSm edAÁmeokccsrf;omBuD;udk(oEÅdokctNidrf;"mwfcsrf;omt&omudk) oHk;aqmifcHpm;csifwJhtwGufaMumifh t&d,molawmfaumif;rsm;onf 'Dzvormywfudk 0ifpm;Muw,f/

aomwmyefyk*¾dKvfu aomwmywådzvormywfudk 0ifpm;Edkifw,f/ou'g*grfyk*d¾Kvfu ou'g*grdzvormywf? tem*grfyk*¾dKvfu tem*grdzvormywf? &[EÅmyk*¾dKvfu t&[wåzvormywfudk toD;toD; 0ifpm;vdkY&ygw,f/ eda&m"ormywfusawmh b,fvdkvJ¿

eda&m"ormywf

um eda&m"ormywåDwd ,m tEkykAÁeda&m"0aoe pdwåapw-odumeH "r®meH tyÜ0wåd/ (0dok'¨d-2-344/)

eda&m"ormywfqdkwm tpOftwdkif; csKyfonf\ tpGrf;tm;jzifhpdwf-apwodufwdkY&JU rjzpfjcif;oabmudk eda&m"ormywfvdkY ac:w,f/

'Dawmh eda&m"ormywfqdkwmuawmh pdwf-apwodufawG csKyfwJhormywf/ tJ'Dormywfudk b,fvdkyk*¾dKvfu 0ifpm;EdkifovJvdkYar;vQifavmuDpsmeformywf (8)yg;udk&wJh tem*grf odkYr[kwf &[EÅm wpfOD;OD;aomfvnf; jzpf&r,f/

avmuDpsmeformywf (8)yg;udk &&Sdjcif;ç tem*grfyk*¾dKvf jzpfjcif;odkYr[kwf &[EÅmyk*¾dKvfjzpfjcif; - qdkwJh 'Dt*FgESpfcsufpHknDrSomvQif 'Deda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;vdkY&w,f/ tJ'D eda&m"ormywfuawmhpdwf-apwoduf vHk;vHk; csKyfaew,f/

bmaMumifh 'D tem*grf &[EÅm t&d,molawmfaumif;BuD;awGu'Deda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;MuovJvdkYar;vQif --


uo®m ormyZÆEÅDwd ocFg&meH y0wådaba' OuúPd²wGm 'da|0 "ar®tpdwåum [kwGm ]]eda&m"H edAÁmeH ywGm okcH 0d[&dómrm}}wdormyZÆEÅd/ (0dok'd-2-347/)

uo®m ormyZÆEÅ Dwd =uo®m ormyZÆEÅ Dwd =uo®m ormyZÆEÅ Dwd =uo®m ormyZÆEÅ Dwd =uo®m ormyZÆEÅ Dwd = tb,faMumifh 0ifpm;Muoenf;[lrlum;/ocFg&meH =ocFg&meH =ocFg&meH =ocFg&meH =ocFg&meH = ½kyfemrf"r® ocFg&w&m;wdkY\/ y0wådaba' = y0wådaba' = y0wådaba' = y0wådaba' = y0wådaba' = jzpfjcif;ysufjcif; txl;ü/ OuúPd²wGm =OuúPd²wGm =OuúPd²wGm =OuúPd²wGm =OuúPd²wGm = NiD;aiGUawmfrlMuukefonfjzpfí/ 'da|0'da|0'da|0'da|0'da|0"ar® ="ar® ="ar® ="ar® ="ar® = rsufarSmufaom udk,f\tjzpfüyifvQif/ tpdwåum [kwGm tpdwåum [kwGm tpdwåum [kwGm tpdwåum [kwGm tpdwåum [kwGm===== pdwfr&SdMuukefonf jzpfí/ ]]eda&m"H edAÁmeH =eda&m"H edAÁmeH =eda&m"H edAÁmeH =eda&m"H edAÁmeH =eda&m"H edAÁmeH = pdwf-apwodufwdkY&JUcsKyfNidrf;rIvdkYac:qdktyfwJh tEkyg'daooedAÁme"mwfodkY/ ywGm = ywGm = ywGm = ywGm = ywGm = a&muf&Sdí aeMuukefouJhodkY/ okcH =okcH =okcH =okcH =okcH = csrf;csrf;omom/ 0d[&dómr0d[&dómr0d[&dómr0d[&dómr0d[&dómr ===== aexdkifMuygukeftHh/}} £wd = £wd = £wd = £wd = £wd = þodkY ESvkH;ydkufí/ ormyZÆEÅ d = ormyZÆEÅ d = ormyZÆEÅ d = ormyZÆEÅ d = ormyZÆEÅ d = 0ifpm;awmfrlMuavukef\/

ocFg&awG&JU jzpfrI ysufrI txl;udk vSrf;NyD;Munfhae&awmh odyfNyD;NiD;aiGUoGm;w,faemf/ txl;ojzifh &[EÅmt&Sifjrwfrsm;&JU oww0d[m&-tjrJrjywf aexdkif&m e,fajr qdkwmuawmh - cE¨mig;yg;ç tm,we(12)yg;ç "mwf (18)yg;ç aMumif;-usKd;quf y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;qdkwJh 'De,frSm &[EÅmt&SifjrwfawGu tjrJwrf; aexdkifygw,f/

cE¨mig;yg;wdkY&JU jzpfrI ysufrI? tm,we (12)yg;ç "mwf (18)yg;çaMumif;-usKd;quf y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;awG&JU jzpfrI ysufrI - tJ'De,frSm &[EÅmt&SifjrwfawG tjrJwrf; aexdkifMuw,f/ oww0d[m&vdkY ac:w,f/ (oH-2-53-54 ç oH-|-2-255 - owå|meukovokwåef/)

tJ'Dvdk tjrJwrf; aexdkifvdkufwJhtcsdeftcgusawmh tdyfwJhtcsdefpm;wJhtcsdef usifBuD;pGefYcsdef usifi,fpGefYcsdef pwJh tcsKdUtcsdefawGudkEkwfvdkufvQif usefwJh tcsdefawGrSm 'D pdwf-apwoduf-½kyfw&m;wkdY&JUjzpfjcif;ysufjcif;oabmawGudkom tjrJwrf; jrifae&w,f/


jrifae&wJh tcsdeftcgusawmh jzpfae ysufaewJh w&m;awGudkomtjrJrjywf w&pyf jrifawGU&wJhtwGuf NiD;aiGUvmw,f &GHrkef;vmw,fpufqkyfvmw,f? rjrifcsifawmhbl;/

tysufawGudkodaewJh pdwf-apwodufawG &SdMuw,f? 'D pdwf-apwodufawG csKyfNidrf;wJhae&mudk tEkyg'daoo edAÁme"mwfvdkY ac:ygw,f/

xdk tEkyg'daooedAÁme"mwfuvnf; y&dedAÁmefpHrS 0ifpHvdkY&w,f/y&dedAÁmefuvnf; rpHEdkifao; jzpfaew,f/ oufawmfudk y&dedAÁmefrpHrDwnfwHhatmif xdef;odrf;jyKjyifay;aewJh tm,kocFg&u rukef jzpfaew,f/

'gaMumifh y&dedAÁmefrpHrD pyfMum;rSm ]]'DtEkyg'daooedAÁme"mwfodkYa&muf&SdaewJhyHkpHtwdkif; pdwf-apwodufawG csKyfNidrf;NyD;awmh 'DtysufawGudk rodwJh e,fy,fxJudk a&mufae&vQif odyfaumif;r,f}}vdkY 'DvdkESvHk;ydkufawmfrlMuw,f/

'D ½kyfw&m; emrfw&m;wdkY&JU jzpfNyD; ysufaewJh oabmw&m;awGudkMunfhae&wmudku NiD;aiGUvmw,f &GHrkef;vmw,f pufqkyfvmw,f?rMunfhcsifjzpfaew,f/ rMunfhcsifwJhtwGuf 'DtysufawG jzpfysufaewJhobm0awGudk odaewJh pdwf-apwodufawG csKyfoGm;MuvQif odyfaumif;r,fvdkY 'Dvdk ESvHk;ydkufNyD;awmh .. tEkyg'daooedAÁme"mwfodkY 0ifpHaeouJhodkY csrf;csrf;omom aexdkifcsifwJh &nf&G,fcsuf OD;wnfcsufjzifh'Deda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;Muw,f/

'Dawmh 'Deda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;aewJhtcsdeftcgudk enf;enf;av; oabmaygufatmif xyfNyD; ajymr,f/

bkef;BuD;wdkYi,fpOftcgu atmufpzdkY (Oxford) zwfpmtkyfuav;xJrSm yHkjyifuav;wpfyk'f zwfzl;w,f/ ausmufrD;aoG;wGif; wpfwGif;


xJrSm tvkyform;wpfOD; &Sdygw,f/ ckumv trdIufusKH;aewJh oHk;bD;vSnf;uav;aygh? tJ'DvSnf;uav;ESifh olwdkY&JU ausmufrD;aoG;wGif;awGrSm ausmufrD;aoG;awGudk o,f,lydkYaqmifa&; vkyf&wJh tvkyform;wpfOD;yJ/

tvkyform;awGu "r®wmtavsmuf 'DvSnf;uav;xJudk ausmufrD;aoG;awG xnfhNyD;awmh 'DvSnf;udk rsufESmay;NyD; rsufESmcsif;qdkifNyD;awmh wGef;Muw,f/

tvkyform;wpfOD;usawmh olu vSnf;xJudk ausmufrD;aoG; xnfhNyD;awmh rsufESmcsif;qdkif rwGef;bJ aemufjyefqGJw,f/ ab;u &yfMunfhaewJh yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;u 'Dtvkyform;udk oGm;NyD;awmh ar;w,f --

]]rdwfaqG ... ausmufrD;aoG;vSnf;udk rsufESmrlNyD; wGef;&wJhvkyfief;u ydkNyD;awmh yifyef;vdkYvm;¿ aemufjyefqGJwJh vkyfief;u ydkNyD;oufomvdkY 'Dvdk aemufjyefqGJwmvm;}}vdkY ar;Munfhvdkufawmh ...

r[kwfygbl;wJh/ ol[m 'DausmufrD;aoG;wGif;rSm tvkyfvkyfaewm(15)ESpf &SdoGm;NyD/ (15)ESpfvHk;vHk; aeYpOfvdkvdk 'DausmufrD;aoG;awGudktjrJwrf; Munfhae&wJhtwGuf Mumawmh ol rMunfhcsifawmhbl;/ rMunfhcsifwJhtwGuf ausmufrD;aoG;awGudk rjrifcsifvdkY aemufjyefqGJaewmjzpfw,fvdkY jyeftajzay;w,f/

tJ'DyHkpHtwdkif;yJ 'Dtem*grf &[EÅmt&SifjrwfawGuvnf;yJ 'DocFg&w&m;awG&JU jzpfNyD;ysufaewJhoabmawGukd olu edpöbwf tjrJvdkvdkjrifae&w,f/

jrifae&wJhtwGuf 'D jzpfysufaewJh 'D ocFg&w&m;awGudkyJ tjrJwrf;xdkifNyD; Munfhaevdkuf&awmh pdwfxJrSm NiD;aiGUvmw,f/ tZÑwå Munfhvdkufawmhvnf; ocFg&w&m;awGu jzpfNyD; ysufaew,f/ A[d'¨ Munfh


vdkY &SdvQifvnf; jzpfNyD; ysufaew,f/ twdwf Munfhvdkufvnf; jzpfNyD;ysufaew,f/ tem*wf Munfhvdkufvnf; jzpfNyD; ysufaew,f/ ½kyfMunfhvnf; jzpfNyD; ysufaew,f/ emrf Munfhvnf; jzpfNyD; ysufaew,f/b,focFg&w&m;udkrqdk Munfhvdkufwdkif; jzpfNyD; ysufaewm tjrJwrf;jrifae&awmh Mumawmh NiD;aiGUvmw,f/

NiD;aiGU&GHrkef;wJhtwGufaMumifh 'D jzpfysufrIawGudk odaewJh pdwf-apwodufawG r&SdbJ ]]tEkyg'daooedAÁme"mwfodkY a&mufaeovdkcsrf;csrf;omom 'DavmurSm aexdkif&vQif aumif;r,f}} qdkwJh 'DOD;wnfcsufjzifh eda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;awmfrlMujcif; jzpfygw,f/

tJ'Dvdk eda&m"ormywf 0ifpm;wJhtydkif;rSm b,fyHk b,fyef; b,fenf;vrf;tm;jzifh 0ifpm;&rvJvdkY ar;vQifawmh 0dyóemrSm oHk;rsKd;&Sdw,f/

0dyóem oHk;rsKd;

ocFg&y&d*PSeu0dyóem - ocFg&w&m;awGukd odrf;qnf;NyD;'DocFg&w&m;awGudk vu©Pma&; okH;wef wpfvSnfhpDwifum ½IyGm;okH;oyfwJh 0dyóemu wpfrsKd;/

ocFg&w&m;qkdwmu 'ku©opömw&m; ork',opömw&m;awGyJ/

twdwf tem*wf ypöKyÜef tZÑwå A[d'¨ MoVm&du okckr [DeyPDw 'l& oEÅdu = twdwf cE¨mig;yg;ç ypöKyÜef cE¨mig;yg;ç tem*wfcEmig;yg;ç tZÑwå cEmig;yg;ç A[d' cEmig;yg;ç MoVm&du ac:wJh ½kefY&if;Murf;wrf;wJh cE¨mig;yg;ç okckrac:wJh odrfarGUEl;nHhwJh cE¨mig;yg;ç [Deac:wJh ,kwfnHhwJh cE¨mig;yg;ç yPDwac:wJh rGefjrwfwJh cE¨mig;yg;ç 'l&ac:wJh a0;aewJh cE¨mig;yg;ç oEÅduac:wJh eD;aewJh cE¨mig;yg; - tJ'D


(11) rsKd;aomtjcif;t&mtm;jzifh wnfaewJh cEmig;yg;awGu 'ku©opömw&m;/ aMumif;-usKd;-quf y#dpöorkyÜg'f oabmw&m;awGu ork',opömw&m;/

xdk 'ku©opömw&m; ork',opömw&m; ESpfyg;udk ocFg&w&m;vdkYac:w,f/ qdkif&mqdkif&m taMumif;w&m;awGu aygif;pkjyKjyifay;rSjzpfay:vm&wJhw&m;awG jzpfjcif;aMumifh ocFg&w&m;vdkY ac:ygw,f/

xdkocFg&w&m;awGudk ÓPfESifh ydkif;jcm;,lNyD;awmh tedpö 'ku© tewåvu©Pma&;oHk;wef wifNyD; wGifwGifBuD; 0dyóem½IwJhtydkif;udk ocFg&-y&d*PSeu0dyóemvdkY ac:ygw,f/

tJ'DocFg&w&m;awG&JU jzpfNyD; ysufaewmudk ÓPfESifh jrifatmifMunfhNyD; tedpövdkY½Iw,f? jzpfjcif; ysufjcif;jzifh tESdyfpufcHae&wJhoabmawGudk ÓPfESifh jrifatmifMunfhNyD; 'ku©vdkY ½Iw,f? rysufpD;bJ tusdwftcJ tcdkiftrm tESpfom&tm;jzifh wnfaewJh twår[kwfwJh oabmawGudk ÓPfESifh jrifatmifMunfhNyD; tewåvdkY ½Iw,f/ tJ'Dvdk½IaewJh0dyóemudk ocFg&y&d*PSeu0dyóemvdkY ac:ygw,f/

ww¬ ocFg&y&d*PSeu0dyóem rEm 0g a[mwk wdu©m 0g? r*¾óy'|meH a[mwda,0/ (0dok'd-2-347/)

tJ'D0dyóemu xufjrufwJh0dyóemvnf; &Sdw,f? EHkYwJh0dyóemvnf; &Sdw,f/ xufjrufcsifvnf; xufjrufygapç EHkYcsifvnf; EHkYygapr*f zdkvf edAÁmefuawmh &Edkifw,f/ tJ'D 0dyóemu wpfrsKd;/

aemufwpfck zvormywåd0dyóem - zvormywfudk0ifpm;csifwJht&d,molawmfaumif;awGuvnf; 'DocFg&w&m;awGukdyJ odrf;qnf;NyD;awmh tedpö 'ku© tewå vu©Pma&;oHk;wef wifNyD; 0dyóem ½I&ygw,f/


tJ'D½IwJh 0dyóempdwfu xufjrufrS zvormywfudk 0ifpm;vdkY&w,f? EHkYaevdkY&SdvQif zvormywfudk 0ifpm;vdkY r&Edkifbl;/ tJ'D0dyóemu wpfrsKd;/ (0dok'd-2-348/)

aemuf0dyóemuawmh - eda&m"ormywåd0dyóem - eda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;vdkwJh &nf&G,fcsuf &SdvQifvnf; 0dyóem½I&w,f/

tJ'D½Ienf;usawmh emwdrE´ emwdwdu©m - odyfvnf; rxuf&bl;odyfvnf; rEHkY&bl;? rxufvGef; rEHkYvGef;wJh 0dyóemÓPfjzpfygrS 'Deda&m"ormywfu 0ifpm;vdkY&w,f/

'Dawmh eda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;csifwJhyk*¾dKvfu tEkykAÁeda&m"vdkYac:wJh tpOftwdkif;aom ormywfawGudk 0ifpm;NyD;awmh 0dyóem½I&w,f/ tpOftwdkif;aom ormywfawGudk csKyfatmif usifh&w,f/

'Dawmh a&SUua[mcJhwJh tjzLuodkPf;yJ qdkMuygpdkY/ tjzLuodkPf;rSm yxrpsmefuae pNyD;awmh ae0onmemonm,wepsmef txdormywf (8)yg; &Sdygw,f/

tJ'Dormywf (8)yg;rSm eda&m"ormywf 0ifpm;r,fqdkwJhyk*¾dKvfu'Dormywf (8)yg;udk tpOftwdkif; 0ifpm;vdkufr,f 0dyóemr½Ibl;orxoufoufESifh oGm;cJhr,fqdkvQif ae0onmemonm,wepsmefqdkufNyD;awmh tJ'DpsmefrSmyJ oGm;NyD; qHk;aevdrfhr,f? eda&m"ormywfudkrul;Edkifbl;/

wpfcg 0dyóemoufoufESifh oGm;r,fqdkvdkY&SdvQifvnf; zv-ormywfudk oGm;NyD;qdkufoGm;vdrfhr,f? tem*grfyk*¾dKvfu tem*grdzvormywfç &[EÅmyk*¾dKvfu t&[wåzvormywfudk oGm;qdkufr,f?eda&m"ormywfudk rul;Edkifbl;/ ,k*e'¨ - orxESifh 0dyóemudk'Dae&mrSm pHkwGJNyD;awmh ½I&ygw,f/ (0dok'd-2-347/)


'Dawmh tjzLuodkPf;yJ qdkMuygpdkY/ tjzLuodkPf;udk tm½Hk,lNyD;awmhyxrpsmefudk 0ifpm;vdkuf? yxrpsmefrS xum yxrpsmefemrfw&m;awGudk tedpö 'ku© tewå vu©Pma&; oHk;wef wpfvSnfhpD wifNyD;awmh0dyóem½I&w,f/

wpfcg 'kwd,psmefudk 0ifpm;NyD;awmh 'kwd,psmefrS xum 'kwd,psmefemrfw&m;awGudk tedpö 'ku© tewå vu©Pma&; oHk;wef wifNyD;awmh0dyóem½I&w,f/

wwd,psmefudk 0ifpm;vdkuf? wwd,psmefrSxum wwd,psmefemrfw&m;awGudk tedpö 'ku© tewå vu©Pma&; oHk;wef wifNyD;awmh0dyóem½I&w,f/

pwkw¬psmefudk 0ifpm;vdkuf? pwkw¬psmefrSxum pwkw¬psmefemrfw&m;awGudk tedpö 'ku© tewå vu©Pma&; oHk;wef wifNyD;awmh0dyóem ½I&jyefw,f/

tmumomeÍöm,wepsmefudk 0ifpm;vdkuf? tmumomeÍöm,wepsmefudk 0ifpm;NyD;wJhtcsdeftcgrSm psmefrSxvsuf tmumomeÍöm,wepsmefemrfw&m;awGudk tedpö 'ku© tewå vu©Pma&; oHk;wef wifNyD;awmh 0dyóem½I&w,f/

NyD;wJhtcsdeftcgrSm 0dnmPÍöm,wepsmefudk 0ifpm;? 0dnmPÍöm,wepsmefudk 0ifpm;NyD;awmh psmefrSxum 0dnmPÍöm,wepsmefemrfw&m;awGudkvnf; tedpö 'ku© tewå vu©Pma&;oHk;wef wifNyD;awmhyJ0dyóem½I&ygw,f/

tJ'Dvdk ½INyD;wJh tcsdeftcgusawmhrS tmudÍönm,wepsmefudkwpfqifhwufNyD;awmh 0ifpm;&w,f/ tJ'Dvdk tmudÍönm,wepsmefudk0ifpm;NyD;wJh tcsdeftcgrSmawmh psmefrSxNyD; 0dyóem rul;eJYawmh/


tJ'Dtydkif;rSmawmh tmudÍönm,wepsmefudk 0ifpm;NyD;wJh tcsdeftcgrSm t"d|mefav;csuf jyKvkyf&ygw,f/ tmudÍönm,wepsmefemrfw&m;awGudk 0dyóem r½Iawmhbl;/

ykAÁudpö (4) yg;

eHygwf (1) t"d|mefuawmh ememA'¨t0daumye - rdrdoHk;aewJhy&du©&mawG ausmif;awGESifh ywfoufvdkY rysufpD;atmif t"d|mef&w,f/

]]a&aMumifh rysufpD;ygapownf;? rD;aMumifh rysufpD;ygapownf;?cdk;om;"m;jyawG ab;&efaMumifh rysufpD;ygapownf; ...}}ponfjzifht"d|mef&ygw,f/

tJ'Dvdkt"d|mefzdkY rjzpfcJhzl;qdkvdkY&SdvQifawmh bmjzpfovJ¿ rdrdudk,ft*FgESifh qufpyfaewJh y&du©&mrsm;uawmh ysufpD;rI r&Sdygbl;? b,fvdkrSzsufqD;vdkY r&bl;/ udk,ft*FgESifh qufpyfrIr&SdwJh y&du©&mawG jzpfcJhr,fqdkvQifawmh ysufpD;wwfwJhoabm &Sdw,f/

erlemav; - 'Dae&mrSm xHk;wpfck axmufjyxm;w,f/ r[mem*rax&fBuD;&JU xHk;yJ/

r[mem* rax&fBuD;u rdcifOygodumrBuD;&SdwJh &GmxJudk qGrf;cH<uygw,f/ rdcifjzpfwJh 'g,dumrBuD;uvnf; ,m*kqufuyfNyD;wJhtcg -

]]t&Sifbk&m; ...qGrf;twGuf 'DqGrf;pm;Z&yfrSmyJ acwåqdkif;ihHNyD;oDwif;oHk;awmfrlyg}}qdkNyD; avQmufxm;wJhtwGuf qGrf;pm;Z&yfxJrSm0ifNyD;awmh eda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;awmfrlygw,f/

a&S;acwf tcsdeftcgwkef;uawmh - &GmwGif; qGrf;pm;Z&yfawGrSm[ckacwfvnf; oD[kdVfuRef;rSmawmh 'DvdkZ&yfrsKd;awG &Sdaeao;w,fvdkYqdkygw,f/] w&m;xdkifNyD; ESvHk;oGif;zdkY&eftwGuf tcef;uav;awG


&SdMuygw,f/

tJ'Dtcef;uav;awGtwGif;rSm wpfyg; wpfcef;pDaygh/ tcef;uav;awGxJ 0ifNyD;awmh tcsdef&wJh &[ef;awmfrsm;u rdrdwdkY qdkif&mqdkif&morx 0dyóem bm0emawGudk ½IyGm;Muw,f? ormywfawGudk 0ifpm;Muw,f/

tJ'DxHk;wrf;tpOftvmtwdkif; r[mem* rax&fBuD;u 'DqGrf;pm;Z&yfxJ 0ifNyD;awmh eda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;awmfrlygw,f/ 'gayrJheda&m"ormywfudk0ifpm;wJhtcsdefrSm ckeu ememA't0daumye ac:wJhrdrdESifhqufpyfaewJh ausmif;awG y&du©&mawGudk rD;ravmifapzdkY pwJht"d|mefcsufawGudk rjyKbJESifh eda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;vdkufw,f/

0ifpm;vdkufawmh eda&m"ormywfvnf;qdkufa&m bmjzpfvmovJ¿tJ'DqGrf;pm;Z&yfuav; rD;avmifygava&m/ rD;avmifwJh tcsdeftcgusawmh ab;u udk,fawmfawGu tm;vHk; xNyD;awmh ajy;Muw,f?rdrdwdkY&JU y&du©&mav;awG ,lNyD;awmh ajy;Muw,f/

tJ'D r[mem* rax&fBuD;uawmh eda&m"ormywf0ifpm;aewJhtwGuf xNyD; rajy;bl;/ rajy;wJhtcsdeftcgusawmh &Gmol&Gmom;awGu0dkif;vmNyD/ 0dkif;vmNyD;wJhtcsdeftcg Munfhvdkufawmh qGrf;pm;Z&yfurD;avmifwm awmfawmfav; ukefoGm;NyD/ rax&fBuD;wpfyg;wnf; 'DxJrSmikwfwkwfBuD; xdkifaewmawGUawmh ]]'Dukd,fawmfBuD;ES,f ysif;vdkufwm?rD;avmifwmawmif xNyD; ajy;azmfr&bl;}}vdkY ab;rSm&SdwJh vlawGuuJh&JUMuw,f/

tJ'Dvdk uJh&JUaewkef; 0dkif;NyD; a&tdk;awGESifh rD;awG Ni§drf;vdkufMuw,f/rax&fBuD;udk enf;enf;av;rS rD;ravmifbl;? 0wf½Hk qifjref;xm;wJhouFef;udkvnf; tarG;trQifuav; wpfyifawmifrS rD;avmifwm


r&Sdbl;/ a&awGESifh 0dkif;Ni§drf;Muw,f/

ydkif;jcm;xm;wJhtcsdef aphwJhtcsdeftcgusawmh rax&fBuD;u eda&m"ormywfrS xw,f/ 'g,um 'g,dumrawGuvnf; rax&fBuD;udkrD;enf;enf;av;rS ravmifwmudk MunfhNyD;awmh tvGeftHhMooGm;NyD;odyfMunfndKMuw,f/ MunfndKwJhtwGuf yef;awGESifh 0dkif;NyD;awmh ylaZmfMuw,f/

tJ'Dvdk ylaZmfaewJh tjcif;t&mawGudk eda&m"ormywfrStx r[mem* rax&fBuD;u jrifvdkufawmh bmvkyfovJ¿ wpfzefjyefNyD;awmhtbdnmPfawG 0ifpm;NyD;wJhtcg yd,*Fk'Dy qdkwJh vdkPf*lwpfckxJudkjyefNyD; <uoGm;awmfrlw,fwJh/ (0dok'd-2-348/)

tJ'DrSmu ememA't0daumye - rdrdESifh qufpyfaewJh y&du©&mawGudk rysufpD;zdkY&eftwGuf olu t"d|mefawmfrrlwJhtwGuf taMumif;tm;avsmfpGm rD;avmifvmwJhtcg rdrdudk,fudk rD;ravmifaomfvnf;rdrd eda&m"ormywfudk xdkifNyD; 0ifpm;&m ae&mjzpfwJh qGrf;pm;Z&yfuav;udkawmh rD;u ul;pufNyD; avmifoGm;jcif; jzpfw,f/

tu,fírsm; t"d|mefawmfrlcJhr,fqdkvQif tJ'DqGrf;pm;Z&yfudk 'Deda&m"ormywf0ifpm;aewJhtcsdeftcgrSm b,fawmhrS rD;ravmifbl;/pdwf&JU pGrf;tifawGyJaemf/ 'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awG ...b,favmuf tm;uszdkY aumif;ovJ? Munfhprf;? tm;uszdkY odyfaumif;w,f/

aemufwpfck t&SifoÍÆD0 rax&f&JU xHk;udk axmufjyxm;ygw,f/

'D oÍÆD0 rax&f&JUxHk;uawmh b,frSmvmovJvdkY ar;vQifawmh -t&Sifr[marm*¾v’mef udk,fawmfjrwfBuD;u rm&fewfBuD;udk a[mjywJhrm&wZÆeD,okwåefrSm vm&Sdygw,f/

t&SifoÍÆD0 rax&fqdkwmuawmh - 'DurÇmrSm acgifqHk; yGifhxGef;awmf


rlwJh uukoE¨jrwfpGmbk&m;qdkwm &SdcJhygw,f? tJ'D uukoE¨jrwfpGmbk&m;&JU vuf0J&H t*¾om0u wynfhBuD;wpfOD; jzpfcJhygw,f/

'D vuf0J&H t*¾om0u wynfhBuD;wpfOD;jzpfwJh t&SifoÍÆD0 rax&fu eda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;wJhae&mrSm olu tvGefuRrf;usifvdr®mawmfrlw,f/ tcsdef&wdkif;&wdkif;vnf; eda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;awmfrlavh &Sdygw,f/ wpfaeYrSm - opfyif wpfyifatmuf opfyif&if;rSmeda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;awmfrlygw,f/

tJ'Dvdk eda&m"ormywf0ifpm;aewJhtcsdeftcgrSm rod em;rvnfMuwJh EGm;ausmif;om;awG qdwfausmif;om;awG v,fxGeform;awG pwJhyk*¾dKvfawGu jrifawmh - ]]aMomf ..'Dudk,fawmfBuD;wpfyg; xdkifvsufESifhysHvGefawmfrlaew,f? tifrweftHhMozdkY aumif;ygvm;}} tJ'Dvdk oabmaygufNyD;awmh awmxJrSm xif;awG jrufawG pk½Hk;NyD;wJh tcsdeftcgrSmrax&fBuD;tay:rSm tHkxm;Muw,f/ tHkNyD;wJhtcgrSm rD;½dIUMuw,f/rD;½dIUNyD; olwdkY jyefoGm;Muw,f/

jyefoGm;wJh tcsdeftcgrSm eda&m"ormywf tcsdefaphawmh t&SifoÍÆD0 rax&fu eda&m"ormywfrS xw,f/ xvdkufwJhtcsdeftcgrSmab;ywf0ef;usifudk Munfhvdkufawmh aygufyef;yGifhtqif;vdk tifrwef&J&JnD;aewJh rD;usD;rD;cJawGudk awGUw,f/

tJ'D rD;usD;rD;cJawGtay:rSm t&SifoÍÆD0 rax&f vrf;avQmufNyD;<uoGm;vdkufwm enf;enf;av;rS ylavmifwJh tjcif;t&m r&Sdbl;? t&SifoÍÆD0 rax&f&JU cE¨mudk,frSm 0wf½Hk qifjref;xm;wJh ouFef;udkvnf;tarG;trQifuav; wpfyifavmufawmifrS rD;avmifuRrf;rI r&Sdbl;/tHhMozdkY raumif;bl;vm;¿ odyfaumif;w,f/ (r-1-409/ 0dok'¨d-2-8/)

tJ'DtHhMozG,f&mawGu bmudktajccHNyD; jzpfovJvdkYar;vQif pdwf&JUpGrf;tifowådawGyJ .. aemf/ tJ'D pdwf&JU pGrf;tifowådudk wefcdk;


xufjrufatmif 'DaeY w&m;emaewJh y&dowfawG avhusifhr,fqdkvdkY&SdvQif avhusifhvdkY r&bl;vm;¿ &EdkifwJhpGrf;tm;awG &Sdygw,f/ bk&m;&Sif&JUomoemawmfu odyftm;&zdkYaumif;w,f/

tJ'DoÍÆD0 rax&fBuD;uvnf; r[mem* rax&fBuD;vdkyJ r"d|mefbl;?ememA'¨t0daumye - rdrdwdkYESifhqufpyfaewJh y&du©&mawGudk rD;avmifuRrf;rI r&Sdatmif t"d|mefawmfrrlwJhtwGuf 'Dvdkjzpf&w,f/

odkYaomf r"d|mefayrJhvdkY rdrdESifh qufpyfaewJh 0wf½Hk oHk;aqmifxm;wJh'Dy&du©&mawGudkawmh rD;avmifEdkifwJhpGrf;tm;rsKd; &Sdovm;¿ r&Sdbl;/ 'gudkormywf&JUpGrf;tm; orm"d0dyæm&vdkY 'Dvdkac:xm;ygw,f/ orm"d&JUpGrf;tif wpfckyJ/

'g ememA'¨t0daumye? 'gudk t"d|mefxm;&w,f/ aemufwpfckeHygwf (2) uawmh oHCy#drmee - ]]oHCmawmfu ac:cJhvQif eda&m"ormywfrS xygap}}vdkY t"d|mefxm;&w,f/

eHygwf (3) uawmh ow¬Kyauúmoe - ]]bk&m;&Sifac:awmfrlvdkY&SdvQifeda&m"ormywfrS xygap}} 'Dvdk t"d|mef&ygw,f/

tJ'Dvdk r"d|mefcJhbl;qdkvdkY&SdvQif bmjzpfovJ¿ oHCmawGu udpöwpfck&SdvdkYç odrfxJrSm uHBuD;uHi,fwpfck &Gufaqmifp&m&SdvdkY oHCmpkvdkufwJhtcsdeftcgrSm 'Dudk,fawmfwpfyg; aysmufaeNyD? aysmufaer,fqdkvdkY&SdvQif - uJ oHCmawmfu ac:awmfrlr,f ['Dudk,fawmf eda&m"ormywf0ifpm;aeNyDqdkwJh owif;udk Mum;awmh oHCmu ac:w,f]oGm;ac:acsvdkY cdkif;vkdufvQif - xdkoGm;wJhrax&fu (12)awmif OypmtwGif;avmuf a&mufwJhtcsdeftcgusvQif 'Dormywf (= eda&m"ormywf)rS tvdkvdkxw,f/ bmjzpfvdkYvJ¿ oHCm&JUtrdefYtmPmawmfqdkwm tifrwef jyif;xefw,f/ (0dok'd-2-349/)


tvm;wlyJ ]]bk&m;&Sifu ac:awmfrlNyD}}qdkvdkY&SdvQifvnf; bk&m;&Sifuac:awmfrlvdkufvdkY cdkif;apvdkufwJh &[ef;wpfyg;u (12)awmif OypmtwGif; a&mufwmESifh eda&m"ormywfrS xw,f/

tu,fí 'Dvdk t"d|mefxm;cJhr,fqdkvdkY&SdvQifawmh oHCm odkYr[kwfbk&m;&Sifu tvdk&Sdw,f qdkwmeJY vmNyD; ac:aezdkY rvdkbl;? eda&m"ormywfrS xvdkY&w,f/ 'gaMumifh t"d|mefay;&w,f/

aemufwpfck eHygwf (4)? t'¨gey&dapä' - tcsdefumvudk ydkif;jcm;NyD;awmh t"d|mefNyD; 'Dormywfudk 0ifpm;&w,f/

txl;ojzifhuawmh rdrd&JUtm,kocFg& b,ftcsdeftcgrSm oufwrf;ukefqHk;rvJ¿ 'gudk vSrf;awmh Munfh&w,f/ oufwrf;ukefqHk;rnfhtcsdeftcgumvudk rSef;arQmfNyD;awmh &ufudk ydkif;jcm;NyD;awmh t"d|mef&ygw,f/(7)&ufxufawmh rsm;aomtm;jzifh rydkMuygbl;/ tpmtm[m&awG&JUpGrf;tifowådu (7)&ufavmufyJ wnfwHhatmif apmifhxdef;xm;EdkifwJhpGrf;tm;&SdvdkY (7)&ufxuf rsm;aomtm;jzifh rydkbl;vdkY 'Dvdk owfrSwfcsufawmh &Sdw,f/ wpfrdepfç ESpfrdESpfç wpfem&Dç ESpfem&Dç wpf&ufç ESpf&ufponfjzifh rdrdBudKufESpfoufovdk umvudk ydkif;jcm;NyD;awmh t"d|mef&ygw,f/

tJ'D t"d|mefcsuf av;ckudk tmudÍönm,wepsmefudk 0ifpm;NyD;vdkYxdkpsmefrS xwJhtcsdeftcgrS t"d|mef&w,f/

tJ'Dvdk t"d|mefNyD;wJh tcsdeftcgusawmh tmudÍönm,wepsmefudkjyefNyD;awmh 0dyóem½IzdkY rvdkawmhbl;/ t"d|mefNyD;onfESifh wpfNydKifeufwnf; ae0onmemonm,wepsmefudk qufNyD;0ifpm;vdkufvQif psmefaZmav; wpfBudrfESpfBudrfavmuf (= wpfBudrfavmuf odkYr[kwf ESpfBudrfavmuf) usvdkufwmeJY eda&m"ormywfudk qdkufoGm;w,f? pdwf-apwodufawG csKyfoGm;w,f/ 'Dae&mrSm r[m#Dumq&mawmfuawmh


(r[m#D-2-528/) ]]q&mjrwfwdkYu ESpfBudrfyJ ae0onmemonm,wepsmefaZm jzpfaMumif; zGifhqdkMuw,f}}vdkY tmp&d,0g'udk wifjyxm;ygw,f/

pdwf-apwoduf csKyfvdkufwJhtwGuf pdwf-apwoduf&SdrS xif&Sm;jzpfEdkifwJh pdwåZ½kyfawGvnf; jzpfcGifhr&Sdawmhbl;? csKyfoGm;w,f/ bmusefovJ¿ uHaMumifhjzpfwJh ½kyfawG usefw,f? OwkaMumifhjzpfwJh ½kyfawGusefw,f? tm[m&aMumifhjzpfwJh ½kyfawG usefw,f/

'gaMumifh - 'DomoemawmfrSm tqifhtjrifhqHk; jzpfaewJh 'Deda&m"ormywfonfyif pdwf apwoduf ½kyfw&m;awG tm;vHk; csKyfovm;¿rcsKyfygbl;? ½kyfawG emrfawG tukefvHk; csKyfovm;¿ rcsKyfygbl;/ 'gtqifhtjrifhqHk; ormywfwpfckyJaemf/

'gaMumifh - zvormywfonf ½kyfawG emrfawG tukefvHk; csKyfwJhormywfvdkY vmajymaeNyDqdkvQif rSefyghrvm;¿ rrSefbl;/

zvormywf&JU tm½kHjzpfwJh tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwf edAÁmefrSmawmh ½kyfemrfr&Sdwm rSefw,f/ ½kyfemrfr&SdwJh 'DtocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwfedAÁmefudk vSrf;odaewJh r*fpdwf zdkvfpdwfqdkwmuawmh r&Sdbl;vm;¿&Sdaew,f/ 'DormywfawGukd enf;enf;av; ajymjyzdkY vdkaew,f/ 'kwd,umrblokwåefudk jyefqufMu&atmif .../

tJ'Deda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;awmhrnfh tcsdeftcgrSm yk*¾dKvfubmjzpfovJ¿ ckeu ajymcJhNyD;NyD/ 'D eda&m"ormywf0ifpm;awmhr,fqdkwJh pdwfxm;vnf; rjzpfbl;? 0ifpm;aeNyDqdkwJhpdwfxm;vnf; rjzpfbl;?0ifpm;NyD;NyDqdkwJhpdwfxm;vnf; rjzpfbl;/ 'gayrJh eda&m"ormywfudkb,fvdkqdkufoGm;ovJvdkY ar;awmh ...

tx cGó ykaAÁ0 wxm pdwåH bm0dwH a[mwd ,H wH wx-tx cGó ykaAÁ0 wxm pdwåH bm0dwH a[mwd ,H wH wx-tx cGó ykaAÁ0 wxm pdwåH bm0dwH a[mwd ,H wH wx-tx cGó ykaAÁ0 wxm pdwåH bm0dwH a[mwd ,H wH wx-tx cGó ykaAÁ0 wxm pdwåH bm0dwH a[mwd ,H wH wx-wåm, Oyaewd/wåm, Oyaewd/wåm, Oyaewd/wåm, Oyaewd/wåm, Oyaewd/


tJ'D ckeu t"d|mefwJh av;csufyJ/ rdrdu tcsdefumvudkf ydkif;jcm;t"d|mefxm;vQif tJ'Dt"d|mefwJh pdwfuav;u eda&m"ormywfudkqdkufoGm;atmif pGrf;aqmifay;w,f/

(7)&uft"d|mefxm;vQif (7)&ufvkH;vkH; eda&m"ormywfudk qdkufaer,f/(1)em&Dt"d|mefxm;vQif (1)em&DvkH;vkH; qdkufaer,f/(2)em&Dt"d|mefxm;vQif (2)em&DvkH;vkH; qdkufaer,f/(1)&uft"d|mefvQifvnf; (1)&uf? (1)rdepft"d|mefvQifvnf;(1)rdepfayghaemf/

tJ'Dt"d|mefvdkufwJhpdwfuav;uyJ eda&m"ormywfudk qdkufoGm;atmif pGrf;aqmifay;w,fwJh/ uJ aemufwpfck pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;u qufNyD;awmh ar;jyefw,f/ --

,if;ocFg&wdkY&JUcsKyfpOf

onma0',dweda&m"H ormyZÆEÅó ye baEÅ bdu©Kaemonma0',dweda&m"H ormyZÆEÅó ye baEÅ bdu©Kaemonma0',dweda&m"H ormyZÆEÅó ye baEÅ bdu©Kaemonma0',dweda&m"H ormyZÆEÅó ye baEÅ bdu©Kaemonma0',dweda&m"H ormyZÆEÅó ye baEÅ bdu©Kaemuwar "r®m yXrH ed½kZÑEÅ d? ,'d 0g um,ocFga&m ,'d 0guwar "r®m yXrH ed½kZÑEÅ d? ,'d 0g um,ocFga&m ,'d 0guwar "r®m yXrH ed½kZÑEÅ d? ,'d 0g um,ocFga&m ,'d 0guwar "r®m yXrH ed½kZÑEÅ d? ,'d 0g um,ocFga&m ,'d 0guwar "r®m yXrH ed½kZÑEÅ d? ,'d 0g um,ocFga&m ,'d 0g0pDocFga&m ,'d 0g pdwåocFga&m/0pDocFga&m ,'d 0g pdwåocFga&m/0pDocFga&m ,'d 0g pdwåocFga&m/0pDocFga&m ,'d 0g pdwåocFga&m/0pDocFga&m ,'d 0g pdwåocFga&m/

onm a0'emwkdY&JU csKyf&mjzpfwJh 'D eda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;awmfrlwJh &[ef;awmftzdkY b,fw&m;awGu acgifqHk; pcsKyfovJ¿ um,ocFg&u t&ifcsKyfovm;? 0pDocFg&u t&ifcsKyfovm;? pdwåocFg&ut&ifcsKyfovm;wJh - 'Dvdk ar;jref;avQmufxm;w,f/

um,ocFg&qdkwmu bmvJ ..¿ 0ifoufav xGufoufavyJ/touf½SLwmuyJ t&ifcsKyfovm;? 0pDocFg&ac:wJh 0dwuf 0dpm&uyJt&ifcsKyfovm;? odkYr[kwf pdwåocFg&ac:wJh onma0'emawGuyJt&ifcsKyfovm;vdkY 'Dvdkar;w,f/ tJ'Dvdk ar;vdkufwJhtcsdeftcgrSm


umrbl rax&fjrwfu b,fvdkjyefNyD;awmh tajzay;ovJ¿ --

onma0',dweda&m"H ormyZÆEÅó acg *[ywd bdu©Kaemonma0',dweda&m"H ormyZÆEÅó acg *[ywd bdu©Kaemonma0',dweda&m"H ormyZÆEÅó acg *[ywd bdu©Kaemonma0',dweda&m"H ormyZÆEÅó acg *[ywd bdu©Kaemonma0',dweda&m"H ormyZÆEÅó acg *[ywd bdu©Kaem0pDocFga&m yXrH ed½kZÑwd? wawm um,ocFga&m? wawm0pDocFga&m yXrH ed½kZÑwd? wawm um,ocFga&m? wawm0pDocFga&m yXrH ed½kZÑwd? wawm um,ocFga&m? wawm0pDocFga&m yXrH ed½kZÑwd? wawm um,ocFga&m? wawm0pDocFga&m yXrH ed½kZÑwd? wawm um,ocFga&m? wawmpdwåocFga&m/pdwåocFga&m/pdwåocFga&m/pdwåocFga&m/pdwåocFga&m/

onm a0'emwdkY&JU csKyf&mjzpfwJh eda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;wJh yk*¾dKvf&JUoEÅmefrSm acgifqHk; 0pDocFg&u t&ifcsKyfw,f/ 'kwd, - um,ocFg&csKyfw,f/ wwd, - pdwåocFg& csKyfw,fvdkY 'Dvdk tajzay;w,f/

tJ'Dtajzuawmh ckeu ormywf&Spfyg;udk tawmftoifh 0ifpm;wwfwJh yk*¾dKvfrsm;? odkYr[kwf em;vnfwJh yk*¾dKvfrsm; oabm ydkaygufygvdrfhr,f/

ckeu ajymcJhNyD;NyD/ eda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;csifw,f qdkvdkY&SdvQifacgifqHk; uodkPf;wpfckckayghaemf? tjzLqdkvnf; tjzLaygh/ 'DuodkPf;yxrpsmefudk 0ifpm;&w,f/ yxrpsmef0ifpm;NyD;wJh tcsdeftcgrSm'DyxrpsmefrS xNyD; 'Dyxrpsmefemrfw&m;awGudk tedpö 'ku© tewåvu©Pma&; oHk;wef wifNyD;awmh 0dyóem½I&ygw,f/

wpfcg 'kwd,psmefudk 0ifpm;&w,f/ 'kwd,psmefrS xNyD;wJhtcg 'D'kwd,psmefemrfw&m;awGudkvnf; tedpö 'ku© tewå vu©Pma&;oHk;wef wifNyD;awmh 0dyóem ½I&ygw,f/ tJ'Dvdk tpOftwdkif; ckeuajymcJhNyD;NyD b,ftxd ½I&ovJ¿ 0dnmPÍöm,wepsmefwdkifatmif0dyóem ½I&ygw,f/

tJ'Dvdk ½IvmwJhtcsdeftcgrSm 'kwd,psmefudk ul;NyDqdkwmESifh 0dwuf0dpm& jyKwfNyD;awmh usroGm;bl;vm;¿ usoGm;NyD? 0dwuf0dpm& csKyfw,f?'g pwkuúenf;aygh? pwkuúenf;rSm 0dwuf 0dpm& csKyfoGm;wJhtcsdeftcgjyKwfoGm;wJhtcsdeftcgrSm 'kwd,psmefudk ul;w,f/ 'kwd,psmefrSm yDwd


okc {u*¾wm ac:wJh psmeft*Fg oHk;yg;yJ &Sdw,f/ 'Dawmh 0dwufESifh0dpm&udk 0pDocFg&vdkY ac:awmh 0dwuf 0dpm& csKyfoGm;NyDqdkvdkY&SdvQif'D0pDocFg&aum &SdOD;rvm;¿ r&Sdawmhbl;/

MuHpnfpdwful;rIu t&ifjzpf&w,f? pum;vHk;toHav;u aemufrSay:w,f/ MuHpnfpdwful;rIawG r&Sdawmhbl;qdkvQif pum;vHk;toHaumjzpfOD;rvm;¿ rjzpfawmhbl;/

'gaMumifh 'kwd,psmefudk 0ifpm;vdkufwJh tcsdeftcguwnf;u 'D0dwuf 0dpm& csKyfoGm;wJhtwGuf 0pDocFg&[mvnf; 'kwd,psmeftcdkufrSm csKyfoGm;NyD? eda&m"ormywfudk a&mufNyDvm;¿ ra&mufao;bl;/ 'g 0pDocFg&u acgifqHk; csKyfw,f/ 'kwd, - bmcsKyfovJvdkYar;vQifawmh um,ocFg& csKyfw,f/

b,ftcsdeftcgrSm um,ocFg&-vdkY ac:wJh tómo-yómo(= 0ifoufav-xGufoufav) u csKyfovJ¿ pwkw¬psmefqdkufNyDqdkwmESifh touf r½SLawmhbl;/ 'gaMumifh pwkw¬psmeftcdkufrSm um,ocFg&awG rcsKyfbl;vm;¿ csKyfoGm;NyD/

pdwåocFg&u b,ftcsdeftcgrSm csKyfovJvdkY ar;vQifawmh ae0-onmemonm,wepsmefaZm wpfBudrf ESpfBudrf usNyD;wmESifh pdwåocFg&vdkY ac:wJh pdwf-apwodufawGvnf; tukefcsKyfw,f/ 'gaMumifhwwd, - pdwåocFg& csKyfw,fvdkY 'Dvdk jyefNyD;tajzay;w,f/

aool ESifh eda&m"ormywf0ifpm;olwdkY xl;jcm;csuf

,Gm,H baEÅ rawm umvuFawm? a,m pm,H bdu©K,Gm,H baEÅ rawm umvuFawm? a,m pm,H bdu©K,Gm,H baEÅ rawm umvuFawm? a,m pm,H bdu©K,Gm,H baEÅ rawm umvuFawm? a,m pm,H bdu©K,Gm,H baEÅ rawm umvuFawm? a,m pm,H bdu©Konma0',dweda&m"H ormyaEém? £aroH onma0',dweda&m"H ormyaEém? £aroH onma0',dweda&m"H ormyaEém? £aroH onma0',dweda&m"H ormyaEém? £aroH onma0',dweda&m"H ormyaEém? £aroH uuuuuð ememu&PH/ð ememu&PH/ð ememu&PH/ð ememu&PH/ð ememu&PH/

t&Sifbk&m; ...aowJhyk*¾dKvfESifh eda&m"ormywf0ifpm;wJh &[ef;


awmf[m b,fvdkuGmjcm;csuf&SdovJvdkY 'Dar;cGef;wpfck ar;jyefw,f/

,Gm,H *[ywd rawm umvuFawm? wó um,ocFga&m,Gm,H *[ywd rawm umvuFawm? wó um,ocFga&m,Gm,H *[ywd rawm umvuFawm? wó um,ocFga&m,Gm,H *[ywd rawm umvuFawm? wó um,ocFga&m,Gm,H *[ywd rawm umvuFawm? wó um,ocFga&med½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? 0pDocFga&m ed½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? pdwåocFga&med½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? 0pDocFga&m ed½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? pdwåocFga&med½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? 0pDocFga&m ed½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? pdwåocFga&med½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? 0pDocFga&m ed½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? pdwåocFga&med½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? 0pDocFga&m ed½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? pdwåocFga&med½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? tm,k y&du©DaPm? Oo®m 0lyoEÅm? £È´d,meded½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? tm,k y&du©DaPm? Oo®m 0lyoEÅm? £È´d,meded½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? tm,k y&du©DaPm? Oo®m 0lyoEÅm? £È´d,meded½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? tm,k y&du©DaPm? Oo®m 0lyoEÅm? £È´d,meded½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? tm,k y&du©DaPm? Oo®m 0lyoEÅm? £È´d,med0dy&dbdEémed/0dy&dbdEémed/0dy&dbdEémed/0dy&dbdEémed/0dy&dbdEémed/

'g,umBuD; ... aowJhyk*¾dKvfu --

eHygwf (1) -- um,ocFg& ac:wJh 0ifoufav xGufoufavcsKyfw,f/

eHygwf (2) -- 0pDocFg& - 0dwufESihf 0dpm&vnf; csKyfw,f/

eHygwf (3) -- pdwåocFg& - pdwf-apwodufawGvnf; csKyfw,f/

eHygwf (4) -- tm,k y&du©DP - ½kyfZD0dwvdkYac:qdktyfwJh ZD0dwdaÈćsKyfw,f/

eHygwf (5) -- Oo®mvdkY ac:wJh udk,faiGU"mwfcsKyfw,f/

eHygwf (6) -- £Èd,med 0dy&dbdEémed - rsufpdtMunf em;tMunfESmacgif;tMunf vQmtMunf udk,ftMunfpwJh tMunf"mwfawGvnf; ysufpD;oGm;w,f? csKyfoGm;w,f/

'gu aowJhyk*¾dKvfyJ/

eda&m"ormywf0ifpm;wJh yk*¾dKvfusawmh b,fvdk&SdovJ¿ --

a,m p cGg,H *[ywd bdu©K onma0',dweda&m"H orm-a,m p cGg,H *[ywd bdu©K onma0',dweda&m"H orm-a,m p cGg,H *[ywd bdu©K onma0',dweda&m"H orm-a,m p cGg,H *[ywd bdu©K onma0',dweda&m"H orm-a,m p cGg,H *[ywd bdu©K onma0',dweda&m"H orm-yaEém? wóyd um,ocFga&m ed½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? 0pDocFga&myaEém? wóyd um,ocFga&m ed½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? 0pDocFga&myaEém? wóyd um,ocFga&m ed½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? 0pDocFga&myaEém? wóyd um,ocFga&m ed½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? 0pDocFga&myaEém? wóyd um,ocFga&m ed½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? 0pDocFga&med½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? pdwåocFga&m ed½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? tm,ked½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? pdwåocFga&m ed½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? tm,ked½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? pdwåocFga&m ed½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? tm,ked½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? pdwåocFga&m ed½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? tm,ked½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? pdwåocFga&m ed½ka'¨g y#dyÜóa'¨g? tm,kty&du©DaPm? Oo®m t0lyoEÅm? £È´d,med 0dyÜoEémed/ ,Gm,Hty&du©DaPm? Oo®m t0lyoEÅm? £È´d,med 0dyÜoEémed/ ,Gm,Hty&du©DaPm? Oo®m t0lyoEÅm? £È´d,med 0dyÜoEémed/ ,Gm,Hty&du©DaPm? Oo®m t0lyoEÅm? £È´d,med 0dyÜoEémed/ ,Gm,Hty&du©DaPm? Oo®m t0lyoEÅm? £È´d,med 0dyÜoEémed/ ,Gm,H


*[ywd rawm umvuFawm? a,m pm,H bdu©K onma0',dw-*[ywd rawm umvuFawm? a,m pm,H bdu©K onma0',dw-*[ywd rawm umvuFawm? a,m pm,H bdu©K onma0',dw-*[ywd rawm umvuFawm? a,m pm,H bdu©K onma0',dw-*[ywd rawm umvuFawm? a,m pm,H bdu©K onma0',dw-eda&m"H ormyaEém? £'H aeoH ememu&PH/eda&m"H ormyaEém? £'H aeoH ememu&PH/eda&m"H ormyaEém? £'H aeoH ememu&PH/eda&m"H ormyaEém? £'H aeoH ememu&PH/eda&m"H ormyaEém? £'H aeoH ememu&PH/

eda&m"ormywf0ifpm;wJh &[ef;awmf&JU oEÅmefrSmvnf; --

eHygwf (1) -- touf r½SLwJhtwGuf um,ocFg& csKyfw,f/

eHygwf (2) -- 0dwuf 0dpm& r&SdwJhtwGuf 0pDocFg&vnf; csKyfw,f/

eHygwf (3) -- pdwåocFg& - pdwf-apwodufawG r&SdawmhwJhtwGufpdwåocFg&vnf; csKyfw,f/

eHygwf (4) -- tm,k ty&du©DP - ½kyfZD0dwvdkYac:qdktyfwJh ZD0dwdaÈrcsKyfbl;/ bmjzpfvdkYvJ¿ ur®Z½kyfawG qufvufNyD;awmh wnf&Sdaew,f/ aemufwpfck --

eHygwf (5) -- Oo®mvdkY ac:wJh udk,faiGU rcsKyfbl; &Sdaew,f/

eHygwf (6) -- £È´d,med 0dyÜoEémed - £aÈáwG tvGefMunfvifoefY&Sif;aew,f/ bmjzpfvdkYvJ¿

£aÈ´qdkwmu rsufpdtMunf em;tMunf ESmacgif;tMunf vQmtMunf udk,ftMunfyJaemf/ tJ'DtMunf"mwfawGrSm qdkif&mqkdif&mtm½HkawGuvmNyD; ½dkufcwfvdkufwJhtcsdeftcgrSm 'DtMunf"mwfawGrSmudku bmjzpfvmovJ¿ &m* a'go arm[ pwJh tnpftaMu;awGu vmNyD; vl;vJayusHoGm;w,f/

eda&m"ormywf0ifpm;aewJh yk*¾dKvf&JUoEÅmefrSm 'Dqdkif&mtm½HkawGutMunf"mwfawGudk vmNyD;awmh ½dkufcwfrI&Sdao;ovm;¿ r&Sdawmhbl;/

½dkufcwfrI r&SdawmhwJhtwGuf 'Dtm½HkawGudk taMumif;cHNyD;awmhodkYr[kwf 'DtMunf"mwfawGESifh tm½HkawG&JU ½dkufcwfrIudk tajccHNyD;awmh pdwf-apwodufawG jzpfrIvnf; &Sdao;ovm;¿ r&Sdawmhbl;/


r&SdwJhtwGufaMumifh eda&m"ormywftwGif;rSm pdwf-apwodufawGcsKyfNidrf;aewJhtwGuf tm½HkawG&JU½dkufcwfrIawGu r&SdwJhtwGuf 'D£aÈac:wJh 'DtMunf"mwfawGonf tvGefMunfvifoefY&Sif;aew,f/

bmESifhOyrmwlovJvdkY ar;awmh aeylwJhtcsdeftcg zkefxaewJhtcsdeftcg vrf;qHkvrf;cGrSm rSefwpfcsyfaxmifxm;vQif 'DrSefrSm tnpftaMu;awG trsKd;rsKd; vdrf;uyfaew,f/

tJ'DyHkpHESifh eda&m"ormywf r0ifpm;wJh tcsdeftcgrSm tm½HktrsKd;rsKd;wdkufcwfwJhtwGuf udavomjrLtnpftaMu;awG vdrf;uyfaewmESifhwlw,f/

'DrSefudk ususeeokwfNyD;awmh uwåDyg pwJh tdwfwpfckckrSm aoaocsmcsm vHkvHkjcHKjcHKxnfhNyD;awmh aowåmxJ odkrSD;odrf;qnf;xm;r,fqdkvQif'DrSefonf tvGefMunfvifNyD;awmh raebl;vm;¿ Munfvifaew,f/

tJ'DyHkpHtwdkif;yJ eda&m"ormywftcdkufrSm qdkif&mtm½HkawGjzpfwJhtnpftaMu;awG&JU ½dkufcwfrI r&SdwJhtwGufaMumifh £aÈáwGonftvGefMunfvifoefY&Sif;aew,fvdkY qdkw,f/

Oo®mac:wJh udk,faiGU &Sdw,f? oGm;prf;Munfh? tylaiGU &Sdw,f/

½kyfZD0dw &Sdw,f/ ½kyfZD0dw bmjzpfvdkY &SdovJvdkYar;vQif ur®Z½kyfawGrcsKyfMubl;/ 'gaMumifh tqifhtvGefjrifhaewJh 'Deda&m"ormywfonfyif½kyfawG tukefvHk;csKyfwJh ormywf [kwfovm;¿ r[kwfbl;/

'DA[kokwuav;awG &Sdxm;zdkYawmh vdkw,f/ tJ'DA[kokw r&SdcJhvQif r[kwfwmawG omoemawmfrSm avQmufNyD;ajymwm ,Hkcsifvnf;,HkoGm;vdrfhr,f/

½kyfawG emrfawG tukefvHk; csKyfoGm;NyDvdkY ajymNyD/ [m ..r[kwf


ygbl;? 'Dzvormywfqdkwm ½kyfawG emrfawG rcsKyfygbl;vdkYajymvQifvufrcHbl;? t&Sifbk&m; ...wu,fcsKyfw,f? wu,fcsKyfw,fqdkwmudk wcsKdUu b,fvdkajymovJvdkYar;awmh ]]olrS vufawGU rusifhao;wmudk}}vdkY olwdkYu ajymw,f? vufawGUESifh olwdkYu udkifaygufw,f/

tJ'D vufawGUESifh udkifaygufwJh yk*¾dKvfawGudk ]]uJ 'g,umBuD; ...'D½kyfawG emrfawG tukefvHk;csKyfw,fqdkvdkY&SdvQif [rdrdwdkY&JUenf;vrf;t&ayghav..] ormywf xdkifNyD; 0ifpm;aewJh yk*¾dKvfudk ab;u yk*¾dKvfuMunfhvQif jrifovm; rjrifbl;vm;}}vdkYar;awmh jrifaew,fvkdYajymw,f/

½kyfawG emrfawG tukefcsKyfvdkY [kwfovm;¿ r[kwfbl;? tukefrcsKyfbl;aemf/ t½IcHtm½HkjzpfwJh tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwfedAÁmefrSmbm½kyfemrfrSr&Sdwm rSefw,f? ½kyfemrfr&SdwJh 'DtNidrf;"mwfedAÁmefBuD;udktm½Hk,laewJh 'D pdwf-apwodufuawmh rjzpfbl;vm;¿ jzpfw,f/ bmpdwf-apwodufawGvJ¿ r*fpdwf zdkvfpdwfESifh ,SOfzufapwodufawGyJ/

r*fpdwf zdkvfpdwf jzpfw,fqdkvQifawmh 'DyÍöa0gum&ac:wJh cE¨mig;yg;&SdwJhe,fy,frSm pdwf-apwodufwdkYrnfonf qdkif&m0w¬K½kyfawGudkrSDwG,fcGifh&rS jzpfEdkifwJhpGrf;tm;&Sdw,f/ tenf;qHk; [',0w¬K &Sd&r,f/

'D r*fpdwf zdkvfpdwfawG 'D[',0w¬Kudk rSDwG,fNyD; jzpfay:aewJhtwGuf [',0w¬K½kyfw&m;&SdrS jzpfEdkifwJhpGrf;tm; &Sdygw,f/

[',0w¬Kuvnf; [',0w¬Kwpfckwnf; jzpfEdkifwJhpGrf;tm; r&Sdbl;?usefaewJh ½kyfw&m;awGESifh aygif;pyfrSom jzpfEdkifw,f? bmjzpfvdkYvJ¿½kyfwdkYrnfonf wpfOD;csif;jzpfEdkifwJh pGrf;tm; r&Sdbl;? uvmyfac:wJhtrIeftaeESifhom jzpfw,f? wpfckcsif;jzpfEdkifwJhpGrf;tm; r&SdMubl;/

'gaMumifh zvormywf[lonf ½kyfawG emrfawG tukefvHk; csKyfwmawmh r[kwfbl;/


'Dawmh aemufwpfck wpfcgqufNyD;awmh ar;jyefw,f/ aowJhyk*¾dKvfESifh 'Deda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;wJhyk*¾dKvf&JU xl;jcm;csufudk ar;NyD;wJhtcsdeftcgrSm aemufwpfck - pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;u bmqufNyD;avQmufxm;ovJ¿ --

eda&m"ormywfrS xykH

uxH ye baEÅ onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|meHuxH ye baEÅ onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|meHuxH ye baEÅ onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|meHuxH ye baEÅ onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|meHuxH ye baEÅ onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|meHa[mwd/a[mwd/a[mwd/a[mwd/a[mwd/

onm-a0'emwdkY&JUcsKyf&mjzpfwJh 'Deda&m"ormywfrS b,fyHkb,fyef;b,fenf;vrf;tm;jzifh xygovJvdkY xyHkpepfudk ar;Munfhw,f/

e acg *[ywd onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|[EÅóe acg *[ywd onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|[EÅóe acg *[ywd onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|[EÅóe acg *[ywd onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|[EÅóe acg *[ywd onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|[EÅóbdu©Kaem {0H a[mwd ]]t[H onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,mbdu©Kaem {0H a[mwd ]]t[H onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,mbdu©Kaem {0H a[mwd ]]t[H onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,mbdu©Kaem {0H a[mwd ]]t[H onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,mbdu©Kaem {0H a[mwd ]]t[H onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m0k|[dó}}EÅd 0g? ]]t[H onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|-0k|[dó}}EÅd 0g? ]]t[H onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|-0k|[dó}}EÅd 0g? ]]t[H onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|-0k|[dó}}EÅd 0g? ]]t[H onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|-0k|[dó}}EÅd 0g? ]]t[H onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|-[mrD}}wd 0g? ]]t[H onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|dawm}}[mrD}}wd 0g? ]]t[H onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|dawm}}[mrD}}wd 0g? ]]t[H onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|dawm}}[mrD}}wd 0g? ]]t[H onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|dawm}}[mrD}}wd 0g? ]]t[H onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|dawm}}wd 0g/wd 0g/wd 0g/wd 0g/wd 0g/

'g,umBuD; ... eda&m"ormywfrS xrnfhyk*¾dKvf&JU oEÅmefrSm]]igonf eda&m"ormywfrS xawmhr,f}}qdkwJh pdwfxm;vnf; rjzpfbl;/]]igonf eda&m"ormywfrS xaeNyD}}qdkwJh 'Dpdwfxm;vnf; rjzpfbl;/]]igonf eda&m"ormywfrS xNyD;NyD}}qdkwJh 'Dpdwfxm;vnf; rjzpfbl;/wu,fpifppftm;jzifh bmjzpfovJ¿

tx cGó ykaAÁ0 wxm pdwåH bm0dwH a[mwd? ,H wHtx cGó ykaAÁ0 wxm pdwåH bm0dwH a[mwd? ,H wHtx cGó ykaAÁ0 wxm pdwåH bm0dwH a[mwd? ,H wHtx cGó ykaAÁ0 wxm pdwåH bm0dwH a[mwd? ,H wHtx cGó ykaAÁ0 wxm pdwåH bm0dwH a[mwd? ,H wHwxwåm, Oyaewd/wxwåm, Oyaewd/wxwåm, Oyaewd/wxwåm, Oyaewd/wxwåm, Oyaewd/

tx acg =tx acg =tx acg =tx acg =tx acg = wu,fpifppftm;jzifhaomfum;/ tó = tó = tó = tó = tó = xdk&[ef;awmf&JUoEÅmefü/ ykaAÁ0 = ykaAÁ0 = ykaAÁ0 = ykaAÁ0 = ykaAÁ0 = a&S;rqGuyifvQif/ wxm = wxm = wxm = wxm = wxm = xdkuJhodkYaomtjcif;t&mtm;jzifh/ pdwåH = pdwåH = pdwåH = pdwåH = pdwåH = pdwfudk/ bm0dwH = bm0dwH = bm0dwH = bm0dwH = bm0dwH = yGm;rsm;xm;tyfonf/


a[mwd =a[mwd =a[mwd =a[mwd =a[mwd = jzpf\/ ,H,H,H,H,H wHwHwHwHwH wxwåm, =wxwåm, =wxwåm, =wxwåm, =wxwåm, = xdkyGm;rsm;csufonf xdkeda&m"ormywfrS xzdkY&eftvdkYiSm/ Oyaewd = Oyaewd = Oyaewd = Oyaewd = Oyaewd = a&S;½Iuyfí aqmifay;\/

xdkeda&m"ormywfudk r0ifpm;rD a&S;rqGuwnf;u t"d|mefxm;w,f/ b,fvdkvJ¿ --

ykaAÁ0 wxm pdwåH bm0dwH a[mwdykaAÁ0 wxm pdwåH bm0dwH a[mwdykaAÁ0 wxm pdwåH bm0dwH a[mwdykaAÁ0 wxm pdwåH bm0dwH a[mwdykaAÁ0 wxm pdwåH bm0dwH a[mwd ...............

ckeu ajymcJhNyD;NyD? tmudÍönm,wepsmefrStx 'DaeYuae aemuf(7)&uf odkYr[kwf (1)&uf (2)&uf ponfjzifh rdrdBudKufovdk tcsdefudkydkif;jcm;NyD;awmh t"d|mefxm;w,f/

tJ'D t"d|mefxm;wJhpdwfuav;uyJ t"d|mefxm;wJhtcsdef aphwJhtcgrSm eda&m"ormywfrS xatmif pGrf;aqmifay;ygw,f/

'Dawmh - xawmhr,fqdkwJh pdwfvnf; rjzpfbl;? xaeNyDqdkwJh 'Dpdwfxm;vnf; rjzpfbl;? xNyD;NyDqdkwJh pdwfvnf; rjzpfygbl;vdkY 'DvdkjyefNyD;tajzay;ygw,f/ tJ'DtcsdeftcgrSm pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;ua&SUqufNyD; ar;jyefw,f/

eda&m"ormywfrStx a&S;OD;pGmjzpfaomocFg&

onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|[EÅó ye baEÅonma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|[EÅó ye baEÅonma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|[EÅó ye baEÅonma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|[EÅó ye baEÅonma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|[EÅó ye baEÅbdu©Kaem uwar "r®m yXrH OyÜZÆEÅ d? ,'d 0g um,ocFga&mbdu©Kaem uwar "r®m yXrH OyÜZÆEÅ d? ,'d 0g um,ocFga&mbdu©Kaem uwar "r®m yXrH OyÜZÆEÅ d? ,'d 0g um,ocFga&mbdu©Kaem uwar "r®m yXrH OyÜZÆEÅ d? ,'d 0g um,ocFga&mbdu©Kaem uwar "r®m yXrH OyÜZÆEÅ d? ,'d 0g um,ocFga&m,'d 0g 0pDocFga&m ,'d 0g pdwåocFga&m/,'d 0g 0pDocFga&m ,'d 0g pdwåocFga&m/,'d 0g 0pDocFga&m ,'d 0g pdwåocFga&m/,'d 0g 0pDocFga&m ,'d 0g pdwåocFga&m/,'d 0g 0pDocFga&m ,'d 0g pdwåocFga&m/

ckewkef;u ajymcJhwJh um,ocFg& 0pDocFg& pdwåocFg&awG[meda&m"ormywftcdkufrSm csKyfoGm;awmh eda&m"ormywfrS xwJhtcsdeftcgrSm um,ocFg&u t&ifpNyD; jzpfovm;¿ 0pDocFg&u pNyD; jzpfovm;¿ pdwåocFg&u t&ifpNyD; jzpfovm;¿ 'Dvdk ar;jyefw,f/

onma0',dweda&m"ormywå d,m 0k|[EÅó *[ywdonma0',dweda&m"ormywå d,m 0k|[EÅó *[ywdonma0',dweda&m"ormywå d,m 0k|[EÅó *[ywdonma0',dweda&m"ormywå d,m 0k|[EÅó *[ywdonma0',dweda&m"ormywå d,m 0k|[EÅó *[ywd


bdu©Kaem pdwåocFga&m yXrH OyÜZÆwd? wawm um,ocFga&m?bdu©Kaem pdwåocFga&m yXrH OyÜZÆwd? wawm um,ocFga&m?bdu©Kaem pdwåocFga&m yXrH OyÜZÆwd? wawm um,ocFga&m?bdu©Kaem pdwåocFga&m yXrH OyÜZÆwd? wawm um,ocFga&m?bdu©Kaem pdwåocFga&m yXrH OyÜZÆwd? wawm um,ocFga&m?wawm 0pDocFga&m/wawm 0pDocFga&m/wawm 0pDocFga&m/wawm 0pDocFga&m/wawm 0pDocFga&m/

'g,umBuD; ...onm a0'emwdkY&JU csKyf&mjzpfwJh eda&m"ormywfrS xwJh &[ef;awmf&JUoEÅmefrSm acgifqHk; pdwåocFg&w&m; pjzpfw,f/'kwd, - um,ocFg&w&m; jzpfw,f/ wwd, - 0pDocFg&w&m; jzpfygw,fqdkNyD;awmh jyefajzw,f/

bmudk qdkvdkovJvdkYar;awmh 'D onm a0'emwdkY&JU csKyf&mjzpfwJheda&m"ormywfrS xwJhyk*¾dKvf&JUoEÅmefrSm eda&m"ormywf0ifpm;wJhyk*¾dKvfu tem*grfjzpfcJhvQif tem*grdzdkvfpdwfwpfBudrf acgifqHk; pjzpf&w,f? &[EÅmjzpfcJhvQifvnf; t&[wåzdkvfpdwf acgifqHk; pNyD;jzpfw,f/

tJ'D acgifqHk; pjzpfwJh 'D tem*grdzdkvfpdwf odkYr[kwf t&[wåzdkvfpdwfwdkY&JUoabmu pdwfwpfvHk;wnf; jzpfEdkifwJhpGrf;tm; r&Sdbl;? ,SOfzufapwodufawGESifh wGJrSom jzpfcGifh&SdwJhtwGuf ,SOfzufapwodufawGESifh ,SOfwGJNyD;awmh 'D tem*grdzdkvfpdwf odkYr[kwf t&[wåzdkvfpdwfwpfBudrf acgifqHk; pjzpfygw,f/ 'DapwodufawGxJrSm a0'em onmwdkYvnf; yg0ifMuygw,f/

tJ'D pdwf-apwodufawGudk bmocFg&vdkY ac:ovJ¿ pdwåocFg&vdkYac:w,f/ eda&m"ormywfrS xvQifxcsif; acgifqHk; pdwåocFg&w&m;pNyD;jzpfw,f/

tJ'Dawmh pdwåocFg&w&m; acgifqHk; pNyD;jzpfNyD;awmh 'kwd, - bmjzpfovJvdkY ar;awmh tJ'D tem*grdzdkvfpdwf odkYr[kwf t&[wåzdkvfpdwfwpfBudrf jzpfNyD;wmESifh b0ifusw,f/ tJ'D b0ifuswJh tcsdeftcgumvrSm um,ocFg& ac:wJh touf½SL rI pNyD;ay:w,f/

'DvdkqdkvQif ar;p&mawmh &Sdw,f/ zvormywf0ifpm;aewJhyk*¾dKvfutoufr½SLvdkYvm;vdkY 'Dvdkawmh ar;p&m&Sdw,f/ [ckeu tem*grdzdkvfpdwf


odkYr[kwf t&[wåzdkvfpdwf wpfBudrf jzpfjcif;udkvnf; zvormywf0ifpm;w,fvdkY ac:ygw,f/]

tJ'D zvormywfjzpfaewJh tcsdeftcgrSm toufr½SLvdkYvm;vdkYar;p&m&Sdw,f/ pdwåu©Pu wpfBudrfyJ jzpfygw,f? wpfBudrfqdkawmhtcsdefumvu tvGefwdkawmif;awmh xdktcsdeftcgrSm touf½SLrIonf]]taAÁm[m&du = rajymyavmufygbl;?}} pdwåu©Puav; wpfcsufygyJ/'gu taMumif;jycsuf wpfck/

aemuftaMumif;jycsufwpfckuawmh 'Deda&m"ormywf 0ifpm;wmu pwkw¬psmeformywfudk tajccHw,f/ pwkw¬psmeformywfqdkwmuckeu ½lyg0p& pwkw¬psmefuaeNyD;awmh txufydkif; t½lypsmefawGtm;vHk;udkvnf; Oayu©m {u*¾wm ac:wJh psmeft*FgESpfyg; &SdaewJhtwGufaMumifh psmeft*Fgcsif; wlvdkY pwkw¬psmefvdkY 'Dvdk ac:a0:oHk;pGJwJhtoHk;tEIef;vnf; &Sdygw,f/

tJ'Dpwkw¬psmefudk tajccHNyD;awmhrS 'Deda&m"ormywfudk 0ifpm;wJhtwGuf eda&m"ormywfrS xwJhtcsdeftcgrSm jzpfay:aewJh tem*grdzdkvfpdwf odkYr[kwf t&[wåzdkvfpdwf[mvnf; pwkw¬psmefESifh ,SOfwGJaevdkY 0ifoufav xGufoufavudk rjzpfapEdkifwJhtwGuf toufr½SLbl;vdkY 'Dvdk taMumif;jyw,f/

tJ'DtaMumif;jycsufudkawmh t|uxmq&mawmfu odyfESpfNcdKufyHkray:bl;/ 'gaMumifh t|uxmq&mawmfu b,fvkd qufzGifhqdkawmfrlovJ¿ -- zvormywf[m yxrpsmefESifh ,SOfwJh zvormywfyifjzpfcsifjzpfygapç 'kwd,psmef wwd,psmef pwkw¬psmefESifh ,SOfwJh zvormywfyif jzpfcsifjzpfygap Nidrfoufat;csrf;aewJh ormywf jzpfjcif;aMumifh oEÅormywf trnf&SdwJh zvormywfrSxwJh &[ef;awmf&JUoEÅmefrSm 0ifoufav-xGufoufav qdkwJh tómo-yómoawG


[m ]]taAÁm[m&du = rajymyavmufwJhoabmom &Sdygw,f}} - vdkYqufvufzGifhqdkxm;ygw,f/

'gaMumifh taAÁm[m&duqdkwJhoabmudk olu ydkNyD; oabmusykH&w,f/ bmudk xHk;axmufjyxm;ovJvdkYar;awmh ckeu oÍÆD0 rax&f&JUxHk;udk axmufjyxm;ygw,f/ 'Dvdk touf r½SLjcif;onf orm"d0dyæm&(0dok'd-2-8/) ç ormywådAv (oH-|-3-135/) -- orm"d&JU pGrf;tm;yJvdkYolu azmfjycsifw,f/ t&SifoÍÆD0 rax&frSm ckeu aygufyGifhtqif;vdk&J&JnD;aewJh rD;usD;cJay:avQmufoGm;wm enf;enf;rSylavmifwJh tjcif;t&m rjzpfbl;? 0wf½Hkxm;wJhouFef;awGrSmvnf; ouFef;tarG;puav;wpfyifudkaomfvnf;yJ rD;avmifuRrf;jcif;qdkwm rjzpfbl;/ 'g orm"d&JUpGrf;tm;aMumifh jzpfay:vmwJh wefcdk;tmedoif wpfckyJvdkY qdkw,f/

tJ'Dtwdkif;yJ ckvnf; 'Dae&mrSm orm"d&JUpGrf;tifaMumifh jzpfay:vmwJh wefcdk;tmedoif jzpfaejcif;aMumifh zdkvfpdwfuav;wpfBudrf jzpfwJhtcsdeftcgav;rSm touf½SLwm r½SLwm[m ajymyavmufwJh tajctaersKd; r[kwfygbl;qdkNyD; azmfjyxm;w,f/ bmjzpfvdkYvJ¿ ormywfutvGefNidrfoufat;csrf;wJhormywf jzpfaew,f/

'gaMumifh zdkvfpdwf wpfBudrf usNyD;wJhaemufusawmhrS b0ifpdwfay:vmwJhtcsdeftcgrSm acgifqHk; pNyD;awmh touf½SLw,f? um,ocFg& jzpfw,fvdkY rdefYqdkjcif; jzpfw,f/ (oH-|-3-134-135/)

uJ aemufwpfck --

zób,fESpfrsKd;u awGUxdygovJ¿

onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|dwH ye baEÅ bdu©K Honma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|dwH ye baEÅ bdu©K Honma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|dwH ye baEÅ bdu©K Honma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|dwH ye baEÅ bdu©K Honma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|dwH ye baEÅ bdu©K Huwd zóm zkoEÅd/uwd zóm zkoEÅd/uwd zóm zkoEÅd/uwd zóm zkoEÅd/uwd zóm zkoEÅd/

onm a0'emwdkY&JUcsKyf&mjzpfwJh 'Deda&m"ormywfrSxwJh &[ef;


awmf&JU oEÅmefudk zób,fESpfrsKd;u pNyD;awmh awGUxdygovJ¿

onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|dwH acg *[ywd bdu©KHonma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|dwH acg *[ywd bdu©KHonma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|dwH acg *[ywd bdu©KHonma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|dwH acg *[ywd bdu©KHonma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|dwH acg *[ywd bdu©KHwa,m zóm zkoEÅd oknawm zaóm tedrdawåm zaómwa,m zóm zkoEÅd oknawm zaóm tedrdawåm zaómwa,m zóm zkoEÅd oknawm zaóm tedrdawåm zaómwa,m zóm zkoEÅd oknawm zaóm tedrdawåm zaómwa,m zóm zkoEÅd oknawm zaóm tedrdawåm zaómtyÜPd[dawm zaóm/tyÜPd[dawm zaóm/tyÜPd[dawm zaóm/tyÜPd[dawm zaóm/tyÜPd[dawm zaóm/

onm a0'emwdkY&JU csKyf&mjzpfwJh eda&m"ormywfrS xwJh &[ef;awmf&JUoEÅmefudk zó oHk;rsKd; pNyD; awGUxdw,f/ zóqdkwmu apwodufw&m;yg/ ckeuajymcJhwJh tem*grdzdkvfpdwf odkYr[kwf t&[wåzdkvfpdwfESifh ,SOfwJh apwodufyJ/

tem*grfyk*¾dKvfrSm tem*grdzdkvfpdwf acgifqHk; pNyD; jzpfw,f/ &[EÅmyk*¾dKvfrSm t&[wåzdkvfpdwf acgifqHk; pjzpfw,f? tJ'DzdkvfpdwfESifh ,SOfwGJNyD;awmh zó oHk;rsKd; pNyD;jzpfw,f/ tJ'D zó oHk;rsKd;u oknwzótedrdwåzó tyÜPd[dwzówdkY jzpfMuw,f/

oknwzó qdkwmuawmh &m* a'go arm[awGrS 'DzdkvfpdwfawGrSmvnf; uif;qdwfaew,f? zdkvfpdwfwdkY&JU tm½HkjzpfwJh tocFw"mwftNidrf;"mwfedAÁmefrSmvnf; uif;qdwfaew,f/ uif;qdwfaewJhtwGuf&m* a'go arm[wdkY&JU uif;qdwf&mjzpfwJh edAÁmefudk tm½Hk,laewJh 'DzdkvfpdwfESifh ,SOfwGJaewJh zóudk oknwzóvdkYvnf; ac:w,f/

'D tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwf edAÁmefrSmvnf; &m* a'go arm[qdkwJh awmifhwcsufawG r&Sdbl;/ 'DzdkvfpdwfawGrSmvnf; &m* a'goarm[qdkwJh awmifhwcsufawG r&Sdbl;/ r&SdwJhtwGufaMumifh olUudktyÜPd[dwzóvdkYvnf; ac:w,f/

aemufwpfck - 'DzdkvfpdwfwdkY&JU tm½HkjzpfwJh tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwf edAÁmefrSmvnf; &m* a'go arm[ qdkwJh trSwfedrdwfvnf; r&Sdbl;?½kyfemrf"r®ocFg&qdkwJh trSwfedrdwfawGvnf; r&Sdbl;? ½kyfawG emrfawGvHk;vHk; r&SdvdkYyJ/ tJ'Dawmh ½kyfemrfwdkY&JU csKyf&mcsKyfaMumif;jzpfwJh 'D


tocFw"mwf edAÁmefudk vSrf;tm½Hk,laewJh tem*grdzdkvfpdwf odkYr[kwft&[wåzdkvfpdwfrSmvnf; &m* a'go arm[qkdwJh trSwfedrdwfawGr&Sdbl;/

tJ'Dvdk trSwfedrdwf r&Sdjcif;aMumifhvnf; 'DedAÁmefudk tedrdwåvdkYac:w,f/ 'DedAÁmefudk tm½Hk,laewJh awGUxdaewJh tem*grdzdkvfpdwft&[wåzdkvfpdwfawGESifh ,SOfwGJaewJh zóudkvnf; tedrdwåzóqdkNyD;'Dvdk ac:a0:okH;pGJxm;w,f/

'gaMumifh oknwzó tedrdwåzó tyÜPd[dwzóqdkwJh 'D zóoHk;rsKd;u pNyD; acgifqHk;awGUxdygw,fqdkNyD; jyefNyD;tajzay;w,f/ zóoHk;rsKd; qdkaomfvnf; zótrsKd;tpm; oHk;rsKd;vdkYawmh rqdkvdkygbl;? 'DzdkvfpdwfESifh ,SOfwGJjzpfwJh zóu wpfrsKd;om jzpfygw,f/ 'DwpfrsKd;wnf;aom zóu trnfokH;rsKd; &&Sdjcif;om jzpfygw,f/

'gu ckeu eda&m"ormywfrS xp tem*grfyk*¾dKvfrSm tem*grdzdkvfpdwfjzpfcdkuf &[EÅmyk*¾dKvfrSm t&[wåzdkvfpdwfjzpfcdkufudk &nf&G,fxm;w,f/ uJ aemufwpfck --

pdwf"mwfu b,fbufudk ñGwfudkif;½dIif;aeygovJ¿

onma0',dweda&m"ormywå d,m 0k| dwó ye baEÅonma0',dweda&m"ormywå d,m 0k| dwó ye baEÅonma0',dweda&m"ormywå d,m 0k| dwó ye baEÅonma0',dweda&m"ormywå d,m 0k| dwó ye baEÅonma0',dweda&m"ormywå d,m 0k| dwó ye baEÅbdu©Kaem bdu©Kaem bdu©Kaem bdu©Kaem bdu©Kaem uuuuuð edEé H pdwåH a[mwd ð edEé H pdwåH a[mwd ð edEé H pdwåH a[mwd ð edEé H pdwåH a[mwd ð edEé H pdwåH a[mwd uuuuuð aygPH ð aygPH ð aygPH ð aygPH ð aygPH uuuuuð yAÇm&H/ð yAÇm&H/ð yAÇm&H/ð yAÇm&H/ð yAÇm&H/

onm a0'emwdkY&JUcsKyf&m jzpfwJh 'Deda&m"ormywfrS xwJhyk*¾dKvfoEÅmefrSm pdwfawGu b,fbufudk ñGwfudkif;½dIif;aeygovJ¿

'Dar;cGef;wpfckudk xyfNyD; ar;jyefw,f/ w&m;ESifh b,favmufarGUavsmf aysmfydkuf ESpfNcdKufovJqdkwm Munfhayawmh/ ar;cGef;awGuvnf; b,favmuf tuGufaphw,fqdkwm Munfhayawmh/ pdwfub,fbufudk ñGwfudkif;½dIif;aeovJvdkY ar;wJhtcg --


onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|dwó acg *[ywdonma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|dwó acg *[ywdonma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|dwó acg *[ywdonma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|dwó acg *[ywdonma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m 0k|dwó acg *[ywdbdu©Kaem 0da0uedEé H pdwåH a[mwd 0da0uaygPH 0da0uyAÇm&H/bdu©Kaem 0da0uedEé H pdwåH a[mwd 0da0uaygPH 0da0uyAÇm&H/bdu©Kaem 0da0uedEé H pdwåH a[mwd 0da0uaygPH 0da0uyAÇm&H/bdu©Kaem 0da0uedEé H pdwåH a[mwd 0da0uaygPH 0da0uyAÇm&H/bdu©Kaem 0da0uedEé H pdwåH a[mwd 0da0uaygPH 0da0uyAÇm&H/

onm a0'emwdkY&JUcsKyf&m jzpfwJh eda&m"ormywfrS xwJh &[ef;awmf&JUoEÅmefrSm 0da0uvdkY ac:qdktyfwJh edAÁmefbufodkY pdwfawGñGwfae udkif;ae ½dIif;aeygw,f/

tem*grfjzpfvQif acgifqHk; tem*grdzdkvfpdwf pjzpfygw,f/ &[EÅmjzpfvQif t&[wåzdkvfpdwf acgifqHk; pjzpfygw,f/ tJ'D zdkvfpdwfwdkY&JUoabmu edAÁmefudkom {ueftm½HkjyKwJhtwGuf edAÁmefudk acgifqHk; pNyD;awmh ñGwfudkif;½dIif;aewhJ pdwf"mwfawG ay:w,fvkdY 'DvdkjyefNyD;awmhtajzay;xm;w,f/

A[lyum&w&m;

onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m ye baEÅ uwd "r®monma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m ye baEÅ uwd "r®monma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m ye baEÅ uwd "r®monma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m ye baEÅ uwd "r®monma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m ye baEÅ uwd "r®mA[lyum&m/A[lyum&m/A[lyum&m/A[lyum&m/A[lyum&m/

ar;cGef;wpfckudk xyfNyD; ar;jyefw,f/ onm a0'emwdkY&JUcsKyf&mjzpfwJh eda&m"ormywftwGuf aus;Zl;jyKay;aewJh w&m;awGu b,favmuf &SdygovJvdkY jyefNyD;ar;w,f/ tJ'Dtcgusawmh t&Sifumrblrax&fjrwfu bmjyefNyD; ajzovJ¿

t'¨g acg wGH *[ywd ,H yXrH ykpä dwAÁH wH ykpäod? tyd pt'¨g acg wGH *[ywd ,H yXrH ykpä dwAÁH wH ykpäod? tyd pt'¨g acg wGH *[ywd ,H yXrH ykpä dwAÁH wH ykpäod? tyd pt'¨g acg wGH *[ywd ,H yXrH ykpä dwAÁH wH ykpäod? tyd pt'¨g acg wGH *[ywd ,H yXrH ykpä dwAÁH wH ykpäod? tyd pwsm[H Asmu&dómrd/wsm[H Asmu&dómrd/wsm[H Asmu&dómrd/wsm[H Asmu&dómrd/wsm[H Asmu&dómrd/

'g,umBuD; ...wu,fpifppfajymr,fqdkvQifawmh 'Dar;cGef;u'g,umBuD; acgifqHk; pNyD;awmh ar;oifhwJh ar;cGef;yJ/ acgifqHk; par;oifhwJh ar;cGef;udk acgifqHk; prar;bJ 'g,umBuD;u aemufqHk;usrSvmNyD; ar;aew,f/ wu,fawmh 'g,umBuD;udk bkef;BuD; tajzay;ygr,f qdkNyD;awmh tajzjyefay;w,f/

]]onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m acg *[ywd a'G "r®m]]onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m acg *[ywd a'G "r®m]]onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m acg *[ywd a'G "r®m]]onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m acg *[ywd a'G "r®m]]onma0',dweda&m"ormywåd,m acg *[ywd a'G "r®mA[lyum&m oraxm p 0dyóem pm}}wd/A[lyum&m oraxm p 0dyóem pm}}wd/A[lyum&m oraxm p 0dyóem pm}}wd/A[lyum&m oraxm p 0dyóem pm}}wd/A[lyum&m oraxm p 0dyóem pm}}wd/

'g,umBuD; ...onm a0'emwdkY&JUcsKyf&mjzpfwJh eda&m"ormywfudk aus;Zl;jyKaewJhw&m; ESpfck&Sdygw,f/ bmawGvJ¿

oraxm p 0dyóem p = = = = = orxESifh 0dyóemyJ/

'DvdkqdkvQif orxawGudk ajcaxmufESifh uefypfzdkY aumif;rvm;¿raumif;bl;/ omoemawmfrSm tvGef tqifhtjrifhqHk;jzpfwJh ormywfwpfckudk aus;Zl;jyKay;aewJhw&m;onf orxESifh 0dyóemyJ/

orxqdkwm ckeu ajymcJhwJh yxrpsmefudk 0ifpm;w,f? 'guorx/ yxrpsmefemrfw&m;awGudk tedpö 'ku© tewå vu©Pma&;oHk;wef wifNyD;awmh 0dyóem½Iw,f? 'gu 0dyóem/ tJ'Dvdk orxESifh0dyóem pHkwGJNyD;oGm;ygrS eda&m"ormywfu 0ifpm;vdkY &ygw,f/

'gaMumifh orxESifh 0dyóemw&m;onf eda&m"ormywf jzpfay:vmatmif aus;Zl;jyKay;aewJhw&m;awG jzpfygw,fqdkNyD;awmh jyefNyD;tajzay;w,f/

uJ 'guawmh t&Sifumrbl rax&fESifh pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;wdkYt&d,molawmfaumif;tcsif;csif; acgif;csif;½dkufNyD; aqG;aEG;wJhyGJwpfckyJ/

eHygwf (7) okwåef jzpfwJh a*g'wåokwåef (oH-2-485-487/) rSmvnf;aemufxyf aqG;aEG;yGJuav;wpfck vmjyefw,f/

²²²


tcef; (12)

a*g'wåokwåef

a*g'wåokwåefu t&Sifa*g'wå rax&fESifh pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;wdkY w&m;aqG;aEG;wJh okwåefwpfck jzpfygw,f/

wpfaeY 'g,umBuD;u ausmif;oGm;NyD;awmh t&Sifa*g'wå rax&fxHcsOf;uyfygw,f/ csOf;uyfwJh tcsdeftcgusawmh t&Sifa*g'wå rax&fu pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;udk ar;jyefw,f/

'g,umBuD; ...tyÜrmPm apawm0drkwådç tmudÍönm apawm-0drkwådç oknwm apawm0drkwådç tedrdwåm apawm0drkwådqdkNyD;awmhapawm0drkwådw&m; av;yg;wdkYudk bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;xm;awmfrlw,f/tJ'Dapawm0drkwådw&m; av;yg;wdkY[m wpfckESifhwpfck o'gvnf; uGJNyD;teufvnf; uGJygovm;¿ odkYr[kwf o'´gom uGJNyD;awmh teufuwlnDygovm;¿ qdkNyD;awmh 'Dar;cGef;udk ar;w,f/

b,fhES,fwkef; 'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awG ... b,fvdkajzMurvJ¿ tJ'gyJ? 'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awG[m omoem

] 411


awmfESifh ywfoufNyD;awmh avhvmvdkufpm;rI pGrf;tifav;awG avsmhenf;aew,f/ avsmhenf;vdkufwJh tcsdeftcgusawmh olrsm;ajymwm]][kwf\-r[kwf\}} udk,fhrSm qef;ppfEdkifwJh pGrf;tm; &Sdovm;¿ r&SdMuawmhbl;/ r&Sdawmh olrsm;ajymwm 0dkif;NyD;,HkcJhawmh ajymwJhpum;urSefaevQifawmh rdrdtwGuf tusKd;&Sdr,f? trSm;BuD;udk oGm;NyD;pGJvmcJhvQif rdrdrSm omoemESifh awGU&wm udk,fusKd;enf;NyD; roGm;Edkifbl;vm;¿oGm;Edkifw,f/ 'gaMumifh omoemawmfBuD;&JU tESpfom&av;awGudk'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awG avhvmzdkY odyfaumif;w,f/

tJ'DtcgrSm pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;u bmjyefNyD;awmh ajzovJ¿

]]t&Sifbk&m; ...teufvnf; uGJw,f o'´gvnf; uGJw,f? 'DvdktaMumif;vnf;&Sdygw,f/ teufuawmh wlw,f o'´gawmh uGJw,f?'DvdktaMumif;jycsufvnf; &Sdygw,f}}qdkNyD; olu jyefNyD;awmh ajzygw,f/

teufvnf;uGJw,f (qdkvdk&if;&JUteufoabmawGvnf; uGJw,f)o'´gvnf; uGJw,fqdkwmu b,fvdk uGJovJ¿ --

'Dawmh tyÜrmPm apawm0drkwådrSm tyÜrmPqdkwmuawmh ...

twdkif;twm yrmP r&SdwJh owå0gawGudk tm½Hk,lNyD;awmh arwåmpsmefawGudk 0ifpm;w,f/

twdkif;twm yrmP r&SdwJh owå0gawGudk tm½Hk,lNyD;awmh u½kPmpsmefawGudk 0ifpm;w,f/

twdkif;twm yrmP r&SdwJh owå0gawGudk tm½Hk,lNyD;awmh rk'dwmpsmefawGudk 0ifpm;w,f/

twdkif;twm yrmP r&SdwJh owå0gawGudk tm½Hk,lNyD;awmh Oayu©mpsmefawGudk 0ifpm;w,f/

a*g'wåokwåef ] 413

arwåm u½kPm rk'dwm Oayu©m ac:wJh jA[®pdk&fw&m;av;yg;udkyGm;rsm;tm;xkwfaew,f/ twdkif;twmyrmP r&Sdbl;qdkwmu bmajymwmvJ¿ 'Dyk*¾dKvfu igcspfcifav;pm;wJhyk*¾dKvfç 'Dyk*¾dKvfusawmh igrkef;wJhyk*¾dKvf ponfjzifh 'DvdkcGJjcm;rI&SdvQif twdkif;twm yrmP &Sdaeao;w,f/ rkef;wJhyk*¾dKvf cspfwJhyk*¾dKvfr[l owå0gtm;vHk;udk wef;wlxm;NyD;awmh arwåmpsmefawGudk 0ifpm;vdkY&w,f? u½kPmpsmefawG rk'dwmpsmefawG Oayu©mpsmefawGudk 0ifpm;vdkY&w,f? tJ'Dvdk 0ifpm;vdkY&vQif'Dvdk0ifpm;aewJh apawm0drkwådw&m;wpfckudkawmh tyÜrmPm apawm0drkwådvdkY ac:ygw,f/

tJ'D arwåmpsmefawGudk yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfyHkç u½kPmpsmef rk'dwmpsmefOayu©mpsmefawGudk yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfyHkawGudk a[mzdkYawmh odyfaumif;w,f? odkYaomf tcsdefr&awmhbl;/ tJ'Denf;t& ajym&vQifawmhjA[®0d[m&psmefawGudk tyÜrmPm apawm0drkwådvdkY ac:w,f/

'gu wpfenf;/ aemufwpfck - tmudÍönm apawm0drkwåd/

a&SUu ajymcJhNyD;NyD? yxrm½kyÜ0dnmPfvdkY ac:qdktyfwJh tmumomeÍöm,we0dnmPf&JU r&SdrIoabmudk tm½Hk,lNyD;awmh psmefudk 0ifpm;w,f/ tmumomeÍöm,we0dnmPf&JU r&SdrIoabmtay:ü bm0empdwfu Nidrf0yfpGm uyfNyD; wnfaew,f/ tJ'D wnfaewJh apawm0drkwådudkawmh tmudÍönm apawm0drkwådvdkY ac:w,f/

ckeu tyÜrmPm apawm0drkwådqdkwJh jA[®pdk&fw&m; av;yg;uvnf;qefYusifzuf udavomawGrS vGwfajrmufwJhpdwfawG jzpfjcif;aMumifhtJ'D jA[®pdk&fw&m;awGudk apawm0drkwådvdkY ac:w,f/

arwåmu a'gorS vGwfaew,f/ u½kPmusawmh 0d[ðorS vGwfoGm;w,f? owå0gawGudk n§Of;yef;vdkwJhpdwfrS vGwfoGm;w,f/ rk'dwm


usawmh olwpfyg;wdkY&JUpnf;pdrfü rarGUavsmf raysmfydkufjcif;qdkwJh t&wdw&m;rS vGwfajrmufoGm;w,f/ Oayu©mjA[®0d[m&uawmh pdwf"mwfMurf;MuKwfcufxefjcif; y#dCw&m;rS vGwfw,f/ (r-2-87-88/)

tJ'Dvdk qdkif&mqdkif&m udavomawGrS vGwfajrmufoGm;wJhtwGuftwdkif;twm yrmP r&SdwhJ owå0gawGudk tm½kH,laewJhtwGuf 'DjA[®pdk&fw&m; (4)yg;udkawmh tyÜrmPm apawm0drkwådvdkY ac:w,f/

ck - 'D tmudÍönm apawm0drkwådusawmh tmumomeÍöm,we0dnmPf&JU r&SdrIoabmtay:rSm tm½Hk,laewJhtwGuf tmumomeÍöm,we0dnmPfuae vGwfajrmufNyD; roGm;bl;vm;¿ vGwfajrmufoGm;w,f? olUudk tmudÍönm apawm0drkwådvdkY ac:w,f/

aemufwpfck - oknwm apawm0drkwådyJ? tJ'D oknwm apawm0drkwådqdkwmuawmh oknmrd'H tawåe 0g twåeda,e 0g ... pwJh0dyóem½IuGufyJ/

ckeu 'ku©opöm ork',opöm trnf&wJh ½kyfw&m; emrfw&m;taMumif;w&m; tusKd;w&m;awGudk tedpö 'ku© tewå vu©Pma&;oHk;wef wifNyD;awmh wGifwGifBuD; 0dyóem½IvdkufwJh tcsdeftcgrSmaemufqHk; 'D ½kyfemrfaMumif;usKd; ocFg&w&m;awG&JU rysufpD;bJ tusdwftcJ tcdkiftrm tESpfom&tm;jzifh wnfaewJh twåoabmudk &SmvdkYrawGUbl;/ rawGUwJhtcsdeftcgrSm twåqdkwJh tpGJtvrf;uae vGwfajrmufNyD;awmh tewåqdkwJh ÓPfa&mifjcnf ay:rvmbl;vm;¿ ay:vmNyD/

tJ'D tewåÓPfa&mifjcnf ay:vmwJhtwGuf ocFg&w&m;wdkYüyk*¾dKvf owå0g ZD0 twårS qdwfokOf;aewJh xdk0dyóemÓPftjrifudkoknwm apawm0drkwådvdkY ac:w,f/ tJ'g teufvnf; uGJw,f o'´g


vnf; uGJw,f/

aemufwpfcku - tedrdwåm apawm0drkwådyJ? tedrdwåm apawm0drkwådqdkwmu --

tedrdwåm blrEÅ&awm avmukwå&m? tm&r®Pawm edAÁmem-&r®Pm/ (oH-|-3-136/)

bHktaeESifh ajymvQifawmh avmukwå&m r*fÓPf zdkvfÓPfawGudktedrdwåm apawm0drkwådvdkY ajym&w,f/

tm½kHtaeESifh ajymvQifawmh - tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwfedAÁmefudktedrdwåm apawm0drkwådvdkY ajym&w,f/

'Dawmh eda&m"opömtrnf&wJh tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwfedAÁmefrSm½kyfawG emrfawG r&Sdbl;/ ½kyfemrf"r®ocFg&awGr&SdwJhtwGuf ½kyfemrfqdkwJhtrSwfedrdwfawG r&SdwJhtwGuf tedrdwåvdkYac:w,f/ 'Dtedrdwåtrnf&aewJh ½kyfemrfwdkY&JU csKyfNidrf;&mjzpfwJh 'DtNidrf;"mwf edAÁmefudk vSrf;tm½Hk,laewJh r*fpdwf zdkvfpdwfawGudkvnf; tedrdwåm apawm0drkwådvdkYyJac:&ygw,f/ 'gu teufvnf; uGJw,f o'´gvnf; uGJw,f/

aemufwpfenf;tm;jzifh - o'´gom uGJw,f teufu wlygw,f/b,fvdk wlovJ ...¿

&m* a'go arm[qdkwmu owå0gawGudk wdkif;wmvdkY&wJhw&m;awG/ yk*¾dKvfwpfa,mufudk omreftm;jzifh Munfhr,fqdkvdkY&SdvQif 'Dyk*¾dKvfu ykxkZefvm;¿ 'Dyk*¾dKvfu t&d,mvm;¿ cGJjcm;NyD; rodEdkifbl;/

tu,fí 'Dyk*¾dKvfonf &m* a'go arm[awG odyfNyD; jyif;xefvmNyD; a'goawG xGufaewm jrif&w,f? avmbawG odyftm;aumif;aewm jrif&NyDqdkvQifawmh aMomf ..'Dyk*¾dKvf[m ykxkZefyJ &Sdaeao;w,f?


t&d,molawmfaumif; r[kwfao;bl;vdkY cGJjcm;vdkY r&Edkifbl;vm;¿&Edkifw,f/

&m* a'go arm[awG[m 'Dyk*¾dKvfonf t&d,myJ 'Dyk*¾dKvfonfykxkZefyJvdkY rSwfom;aMumif; ydkif;jcm;aMumif; wdkif;wmaMumif;awG jzpfwJhtwGuf olUudk yrmPvdkY ac:&w,f/

&[EÅmyk*¾dKvf&JUoEÅmefrSm tJ'Dvdk wdkif;wmaMumif;jzpfwJh &m* a'goarm[awG &Sdovm;¿ r&Sdawmhbl;? t<uif;rJhy,fxm;NyD; jzpfwJhtwGuf&[EÅmyk*¾dKvfwdkY&JU tukyÜgvdkY ac:qdktyfwJh t&[wåzdkvformywfudktyÜrmPm apawm0drkwådvdkY ac:w,f/ &m* a'go arm[wdkYjzifhwdkif;wmvdkY r&EdkifwJh apawm0drkwådyJ/

'Dawmh ckeuajymcJhwJh jA[®0d[m&w&m;av;yg;udkvnf; tyÜrmPmapawm0drkwådvdkY ac:w,f? zdkvfpdwfav;yg; r*fpdwfav;yg;udkvnf;tyÜrmPm apawm0drkwådvdkYyJ ac:ygw,f? ac:ayrJhvdkY tJ'D tm;vHk;xJrSm tomqHk; tjrwfqHk;jzpfwJh apawm0drkwådonf bmvJvdkY ar;vdkufawmh t&[wåzdkvfapawm0drkwådyJ jzpfw,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ --

t&[wåzdkvfapawm0drkwådonf &m* a'go arm[ qdkwJh wdkif;wmaMumif;jzpfwJh w&m;awGjzifh wdkif;wmvdkY r&wJhw&m; jzpfjcif;aMumifh]]tyÜrmPm = twdkif;twm r&SdwJhç apawm0drkwåd = qefYusifzufudavomwdkYrS vGwfajrmufaewJhpdwf}}vdkY ac:ygw,f/

aemufwpfck tmudÍönm apawm0drkwåd .../

owå0gawGudk BudwfajcNyD; wkefvIyfacsmufcsm;atmif jyKvkyfaewmu bmvJ¿ &m* a'go arm[awGyJ/

pyg;udk EGm;awGESifh e,fMuNyD qdkMupdkY/ wvif;xJrSm pyg;e,fNyDqdkvdkY


&SdvQif EGm;awG&JU ajcaxmufawGu pyg;awGudk BudwfajcNyD; raebl;vm;¿ Budwfajcw,f/ tJ'DykHpHtwdkif;yJ owå0gawGudk oHo&mc&D;cJrSrvGwfajrmufatmif BudwfajcaewJh w&m;awGqdkwmu bmawGvJ¿&m* a'go arm[awGyJ/

'D &m* a'go arm[awGu owå0gawGudk oHo&mc&D;cJrS rvGwfajrmufatmif BudwfajcaewJh w&m;awG jzpfjcif;aMumifh olwkdYudk udÍöevdkYac:w,f/ tJ'D udÍöe trnf&SdwJhw&m;awGonf &[EÅmt&SifjrwfwdkY&JUoEÅmefrSm &Sdao;ovm;¿ r&Sdawmhbl;/ r&Sdjcif;aMumifh &[EÅmt&SifjrwfwdkY&JU t&[wåzdkvformywfudk tudÍöe vdkYac:w,f/ tJ'D ormywfudktmudÍönm apawm0drkwådvdkYyJ ac:ygw,f/

aemufwpfck - tyÜrmPm apawm0drkwåd tmudÍönm apawm0drkwåd trnf&wJh 'Dt&[wåzdkvfrSm &m* a'go arm[awGrS qdwfokOf;NyD;awmh raebl;vm;¿ qdwfokOf;aew,f? qdwfokOf;aejcif;aMumifholUudk oknwm apawm0drkwådvdkY ac:r,fqdkvQif ac:vdkY&w,f/

'Dtqdkt& qdkawmh tyÜrmPm apawm0drkwåd&,f tmudÍönmapawm0drkwåd&,f oknwm apawm0drkwåd&,f - 'Dapawm0drkwåd (3)ckonf bmudkom ajymaeovJ¿ t&[wåzdkvfwpfckwnf;udkyJ ajymaew,f/

aemufwpfck - tedrdwåm apawm0drkwåd .../

tedrdwåm apawm0drkwådqdkwmuawmh yk*¾dKvfwpfa,mufudk ckeurSwfom;aMumif;jzpfwJh w&m;av;awGyJ/ 'gu ykxkZefyJç 'gu t&d,molawmfaumif;yJvdkY rSwfom;wmu b,ftcsufawGudk MunfhNyD; rSwfom;&ovJvdkYar;vQif &m* a'go arm[awGudk MunfhNyD; rSwfom;&w,f/


yk*¾dKvfwpfa,mufrSm &m*awGu odyftm;aumif;vmNyD? a'goawGu odyftm;aumif;vmNyD? arm[awGu odyftm;aumif;vmNyDqdkvdkY&SdvQif 'Dyk*¾dKvfudk ykxkZefyJvdkY owfrSwfvdkY&w,f/ 'Dyk*¾dKvfrSm &m* a'goarm[qdkwJh edrdwfawG vHk;vHk; r&Sdawmhbl;qdkvQif 'Dyk*¾dKvfudk &[EÅmvdkYowfrSwf&ygw,f/

'gaMumifh EGm;wpfaumif&Sdw,f qdkMupdkY/ EGm;awGrSm wHqdyfcwfNyD;NyDqdkvdkY&SdvQif 'DEGm;u b,folUEGm;vdkY owfrSwfvdkY r&bl;vm;¿ &w,f/wHqdyfrcwfao;bl;qdkvQif yHkpHwlaevdkY&SdvQifawmh 'DEGm;u b,folUEGm;qdkwmudk cGJvdkY&ao;vm;¿ r&Edkifbl;/

tJ'D yHkpHtwdkif;yJ owå0gawGrSm &m* a'go arm[awGuaeNyD;awmh ]]'Dyk*¾dKvfu ykxkZefyJ? 'Dyk*¾dKvfu t&d,molawmfaumif;yJ}}vdkYcGJjcm;aMumif;jzpfwJh trSwfedrdwfawG&SdvdkY olwdkYudk edrdwåvdkY ac:&w,f/

tJ'D &m* a'go arm[ trSwfedrdwfawGonf &[EÅmt&SifjrwfwdkY&JUoEÅmefrSm &Sdao;ovm;¿ r&Sdawmhbl;? r&SdwJhtwGufaMumifh &[EÅmt&SifjrwfawG&JU t&[wåzdkvformywfudk tedrdwåm apawm0drkwådvdkY'Dvdk ac:Edkifw,f/

tJ'Dtac:t& Munfhr,fqdkvQif ... tyÜrmPm apawm0drkwådçtmudÍönm apawm0drkwådç oknwm apawm0drkwådç tedrdwåm apawm0drkwådqdkwJh 'D apawm0drkwådw&m; av;yg;onf t&[wåzdkvf wpfckwnf;udkom ac:a0:oHk;pGJaewJh tac:ta0: jzpfw,f/

tJ'DtoHk;tEIef;t&qdkvQif o'gom uGJw,f teuft"dyÜg,fqdkvdk&if;u twlwlyJ rjzpfbl;vm;¿ jzpfygw,f qdkNyD;awmh jyefNyD;awmhtajzay;ygw,f/ tJ'DtcgusawmhrS t&Sifa*g'wå rax&fu pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;udk bmajymovJ¿ --


vmbm aw *[ywd? okv'¨H aw *[ywd? ,ó aw *rÇDa&vmbm aw *[ywd? okv'¨H aw *[ywd? ,ó aw *rÇDa&vmbm aw *[ywd? okv'¨H aw *[ywd? ,ó aw *rÇDa&vmbm aw *[ywd? okv'¨H aw *[ywd? ,ó aw *rÇDa&vmbm aw *[ywd? okv'¨H aw *[ywd? ,ó aw *rÇDa&Ak'¨0pae ynmpu©K urwd/Ak'¨0pae ynmpu©K urwd/Ak'¨0pae ynmpu©K urwd/Ak'¨0pae ynmpu©K urwd/Ak'¨0pae ynmpu©K urwd/

]]'g,umBuD; ...odyft&awmfw,f? 'g,umBuD;&JU vlUb0udk&&Sdjcif;onf aumif;aom&jcif;yJ jzpfw,f/ tvGef eufeJcufcJaewJhbk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awGü 'gum,BuD;&JU ynmpu©Kac:wJh ÓPfynmrsufpdonf ouf0ifNyD; wnfaeygw,f}} qdkNyD;awmh om"kac:ygw,f/

'DaeY w&m;emaewJh 'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awGvnf; tvGefeufeJ cufcJaewJh bk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awmfrSm ouf0ifNyD; wnfaewJh'Dvdk ynmpu©K ÓPftjrifawG &Sd Mur,fqdkvQif raumif;bl;vm;¿odyfaumif;r,f? &atmifBudK;pm;MuygvdkY bkef;BuD;u wdkufwGef;ygw,f/

pdwåoH,kwf&JU eHygwf (8) okwåef jzpfwJh .. ed*P²em#ykwåokwåef(oH-2-487-489/) udkvnf; qufvufemMum;Mu&atmif .../

²²²

g olrsm;tajymESif h vGrf;aewm r[kwfygbl;/olrsm;tajymESif h vGrf;aewm r[kwfygbl;/olrsm;tajymESif h vGrf;aewm r[kwfygbl;/olrsm;tajymESif h vGrf;aewm r[kwfygbl;/olrsm;tajymESif h vGrf;aewm r[kwfygbl;/

udk,fwdkifodaeygw,fvdk Y qdkvdkygw,f/udk,fwdkifodaeygw,fvdk Y qdkvdkygw,f/udk,fwdkifodaeygw,fvdk Y qdkvdkygw,f/udk,fwdkifodaeygw,fvdk Y qdkvdkygw,f/udk,fwdkifodaeygw,fvdk Y qdkvdkygw,f/

w&m;emy&dwfowfjzpfwJhw&m;emy&dwfowfjzpfwJhw&m;emy&dwfowfjzpfwJhw&m;emy&dwfowfjzpfwJhw&m;emy&dwfowfjzpfwJh

'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awGvnf;'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awGvnf;'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awGvnf;'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awGvnf;'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awGvnf;

pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;wdk Yvd k . .pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;wdk Yvd k . .pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;wdk Yvd k . .pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;wdk Yvd k . .pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;wdk Yvd k . .

bk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awmfawGESif h ywfoufvmvQifbk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awmfawGESif h ywfoufvmvQifbk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awmfawGESif h ywfoufvmvQifbk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awmfawGESif h ywfoufvmvQifbk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awmfawGESif h ywfoufvmvQif

'Dvdk raMumufr&GHU &J&J0H h0H h'Dvdk raMumufr&GHU &J&J0H h0H h'Dvdk raMumufr&GHU &J&J0H h0H h'Dvdk raMumufr&GHU &J&J0H h0H h'Dvdk raMumufr&GHU &J&J0H h0H h

ud k,fwdkifod&S dxm;wJh todÓPfawGudk wifjyEd kifwJhudk,fwdkifod&S dxm;wJh todÓPfawGudk wifjyEd kifwJhudk,fwdkifod&S dxm;wJh todÓPfawGudk wifjyEd kifwJhudk,fwdkifod&S dxm;wJh todÓPfawGudk wifjyEd kifwJhudk,fwdkifod&S dxm;wJh todÓPfawGudk wifjyEd kifwJh

trsKd;aumif;om;awG trsKd;aumif;orD;awG . . jzpfatmiftrsKd;aumif;om;awG trsKd;aumif;orD;awG . . jzpfatmiftrsKd;aumif;om;awG trsKd;aumif;orD;awG . . jzpfatmiftrsKd;aumif;om;awG trsKd;aumif;orD;awG . . jzpfatmiftrsKd;aumif;om;awG trsKd;aumif;orD;awG . . jzpfatmif

vufawGUusif hxm;Muapcsifygw,f/vufawGUusif hxm;Muapcsifygw,f/vufawGUusif hxm;Muapcsifygw,f/vufawGUusif hxm;Muapcsifygw,f/vufawGUusif hxm;Muapcsifygw,f/

&wemoHk;yg;udk . .&wemoHk;yg;udk . .&wemoHk;yg;udk . .&wemoHk;yg;udk . .&wemoHk;yg;udk . .

udk;uG,fqnf;uyfaeolwpfOD; jzpfygvsufudk;uG,fqnf;uyfaeolwpfOD; jzpfygvsufudk;uG,fqnf;uyfaeolwpfOD; jzpfygvsufudk;uG,fqnf;uyfaeolwpfOD; jzpfygvsufudk;uG,fqnf;uyfaeolwpfOD; jzpfygvsuf

bk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awmfawGESif h ywfoufvdk Ybk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awmfawGESif h ywfoufvdk Ybk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awmfawGESif h ywfoufvdk Ybk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awmfawGESif h ywfoufvdk Ybk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awmfawGESif h ywfoufvdk Y

bk&m;&Sif&JU bufawmfuaeNyD;bk&m;&Sif&JU bufawmfuaeNyD;bk&m;&Sif&JU bufawmfuaeNyD;bk&m;&Sif&JU bufawmfuaeNyD;bk&m;&Sif&JU bufawmfuaeNyD;

'Dvdk . . &J&J0H h0H h rwifjyEd kifbl;qdkvQif . . .'Dvdk . . &J&J0H h0H h rwifjyEd kifbl;qdkvQif . . .'Dvdk . . &J&J0H h0H h rwifjyEd kifbl;qdkvQif . . .'Dvdk . . &J&J0H h0H h rwifjyEd kifbl;qdkvQif . . .'Dvdk . . &J&J0H h0H h rwifjyEd kifbl;qdkvQif . . .

lllll bk&m;&Sif&JUw&m;awmfawGESif h ywfoufvdk Ybk&m;&Sif&JUw&m;awmfawGESif h ywfoufvdk Ybk&m;&Sif&JUw&m;awmfawGESif h ywfoufvdk Ybk&m;&Sif&JUw&m;awmfawGESif h ywfoufvdk Ybk&m;&Sif&JUw&m;awmfawGESif h ywfoufvdk Y

jzef YjzL;wJhae&mrSm rsm;pGm [muGufawG &S daeygvdrf hr,f/jzef YjzL;wJhae&mrSm rsm;pGm [muGufawG &S daeygvdrf hr,f/jzef YjzL;wJhae&mrSm rsm;pGm [muGufawG &S daeygvdrf hr,f/jzef YjzL;wJhae&mrSm rsm;pGm [muGufawG &S daeygvdrf hr,f/jzef YjzL;wJhae&mrSm rsm;pGm [muGufawG &S daeygvdrf hr,f/

lllll omoemawmfESif h MuHKBudKufygvsufomoemawmfESif h MuHKBudKufygvsufomoemawmfESif h MuHKBudKufygvsufomoemawmfESif h MuHKBudKufygvsufomoemawmfESif h MuHKBudKufygvsuf

omoemawmfudk trSDjyKNyD; BudK;pm;u &&SdEd kifrnfhomoemawmfudk trSDjyKNyD; BudK;pm;u &&SdEd kifrnfhomoemawmfudk trSDjyKNyD; BudK;pm;u &&SdEd kifrnfhomoemawmfudk trSDjyKNyD; BudK;pm;u &&SdEd kifrnfhomoemawmfudk trSDjyKNyD; BudK;pm;u &&SdEd kifrnfh

psmef-r*f-zd kvf-edAÁmefqdkwJ hpsmef-r*f-zd kvf-edAÁmefqdkwJ hpsmef-r*f-zd kvf-edAÁmefqdkwJ hpsmef-r*f-zd kvf-edAÁmefqdkwJ hpsmef-r*f-zd kvf-edAÁmefqdkwJ h

tjrwfqHk; tusKd;pD;yGm;awGrSvnf;tjrwfqHk; tusKd;pD;yGm;awGrSvnf;tjrwfqHk; tusKd;pD;yGm;awGrSvnf;tjrwfqHk; tusKd;pD;yGm;awGrSvnf;tjrwfqHk; tusKd;pD;yGm;awGrSvnf;

qkwf,kwfoGm;wwfygw,f/qkwf,kwfoGm;wwfygw,f/qkwf,kwfoGm;wwfygw,f/qkwf,kwfoGm;wwfygw,f/qkwf,kwfoGm;wwfygw,f/(pmrsufESm-425/)

420 ]

tcef; (13)

ed*P²em#ykwåokwåef

ed*P²em#ykwåokwåefu ed*P²em#ykwåBuD;ESifh pdwåol<u,fwdkY awGUqHkwJh yGJuav;yJ/ ed*P²em#ykwå qdkwmuawmh emrnfausmf jzpfwJh*sdef; (Jain) *dkPf;udk pwifxlaxmifwJh yk*¾dKvfBuD; jzpfygw,f/

wpfaeYrSm .. tJ'Dyk*¾dKvfBuD;u pdwåol<u,fwdkY aexdkif&mjzpfwJhrpädumo@NrdKUudk qdkufa&mufvmNyD/ qdkufa&mufvmwJh tcsdeftcgrSmpdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;uvnf; oGm;NyD;awmh awGUqHkygw,f/

bmaMumifh 'Dvdk t0wfr0wfwJh ed*P²awGESifh pdwåol<u,f tem*grfolawmfaumif;BuD;u oGm;NyD;awGUqHk&ovJ¿ olwdkY&JU pGyfpGJwJhab;awGuvGwfajrmufcsifwmu taMumif;wpfckç 0g'wifcsifwmu taMumif;wpfck 'DtaMumif;ESpfckjzifh pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;u ed*P²em#ykwåBuD;ESifh oGm;NyD;awGUqHkjcif; jzpfw,f/

b,fvdk pGyfpGJcsufawGrS vGwfcsifovJvdkY ar;awmh ed*P²awGu&[ef;a*gwr&JUwynfhom0uawG[m tvGefcufxefwif;rmNyD; rmef

] 421


rmeBuD;wJhyk*¾dKvfawG jzpfw,fvdkY 'DvdkpGyfpGJMuw,f/ wdkYudkawmif vmNyD;csOf;uyfazmf EIwfqufazmf r&bl;vdkY qdkNyD; 'Dvdk pGyfpGJwwfwJhtwGuftJ'Dvdk pGyfpGJwJhab;&efu vGwfajrmufcsifwmuvnf; taMumif;wpfck?ed*P²em#ykwåBuD;ESifh 0g'NydKifyGJwpfck jyKvkyfcsifawmh 0g'wifcsifwmuvnf; taMumif;wpfck - 'DtaMumif;ESpfckaMumifh ed*P²em#ykwåxHcsOf;uyfNyD; tv’myov’mypum;awG ajymqdkNyD;awmh EIwfqufw,f/

EIwfqufvdkufwJh tcsdeftcgrSm ... ed*P²em#ykwåBuD;bufubmar;cGef;wpfck ar;ovJ¿ --

]]o'´[od wGH *[ywd ]orPó a*gwró tw¬d t0d-]]o'´[od wGH *[ywd ]orPó a*gwró tw¬d t0d-]]o'´[od wGH *[ywd ]orPó a*gwró tw¬d t0d-]]o'´[od wGH *[ywd ]orPó a*gwró tw¬d t0d-]]o'´[od wGH *[ywd ]orPó a*gwró tw¬d t0d-wauúm t0dpma&m orm"d? tw¬d 0dwuú0dpm&meH eda&ma"m}wd}}/wauúm t0dpma&m orm"d? tw¬d 0dwuú0dpm&meH eda&ma"m}wd}}/wauúm t0dpma&m orm"d? tw¬d 0dwuú0dpm&meH eda&ma"m}wd}}/wauúm t0dpma&m orm"d? tw¬d 0dwuú0dpm&meH eda&ma"m}wd}}/wauúm t0dpma&m orm"d? tw¬d 0dwuú0dpm&meH eda&ma"m}wd}}/

]]uJ pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD; ...oifhudk ar;cGef;wpfck ar;r,f/]&[ef;a*gwrtay:rSm oif[m t0dwuú t0dpm& (= 0dwuf 0dpm&r&SdwJh) orm"dwpfrsKd;&Sdw,f? 0dwuf 0dpm&wdkY csKyfNidrf;wJh orm"dwpfrsKd;&Sdw,f}vdkY ,HkMunfcsufrsKd; &Sdygovm;}} 'Dvdk ar;cGef;wpfck ar;w,f/

tJ'Dvdk ar;vdkufwJhtcsdefrSm pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;u bmjyefajzovJ¿ --

e cGg[H {w¬ baEÅ b*0awm o'¨g, *pämrd ]]tw¬d t0d-e cGg[H {w¬ baEÅ b*0awm o'¨g, *pämrd ]]tw¬d t0d-e cGg[H {w¬ baEÅ b*0awm o'¨g, *pämrd ]]tw¬d t0d-e cGg[H {w¬ baEÅ b*0awm o'¨g, *pämrd ]]tw¬d t0d-e cGg[H {w¬ baEÅ b*0awm o'¨g, *pämrd ]]tw¬d t0d-wauúm t0dpma&m orm"d? tw¬d 0dwuú0dpm&meH eda&ma"m}}wd/wauúm t0dpma&m orm"d? tw¬d 0dwuú0dpm&meH eda&ma"m}}wd/wauúm t0dpma&m orm"d? tw¬d 0dwuú0dpm&meH eda&ma"m}}wd/wauúm t0dpma&m orm"d? tw¬d 0dwuú0dpm&meH eda&ma"m}}wd/wauúm t0dpma&m orm"d? tw¬d 0dwuú0dpm&meH eda&ma"m}}wd/

]]t&Sifbk&m; ... wynfhawmf[m jrwfpGmbk&m;tay:ü (&[ef;a*gwrtay:ü) ,HkMunfcsuf o'¨gw&m;jzifh udk;uG,fqnf;uyfaewJhyk*¾dKvfwpfa,muf r[kwfygbl;}}wJh/ b,fvdk,HkMunfcsufvJvdkYar;awmh]]0dwuf 0dpm& r&SdwJh orm"dç 0dwuf 0dpm& csKyfNidrf;aewJh orm"dwpfck&Sdygw,fqdkwJh 'D,HkMunfcsuf OD;wnfcsufjzifh bk&m;&Sifudk wynfhawmf

ed*P²em#ykwåokwåef ] 423

udk;uG,fqnf;uyfaewJh yk*¾dKvfpm; r[kwfygbl;}} qdkNyD;awmh jyefNyD;awmhtajzay;w,f/

tJ'Dvdktajzay;vdkufwJhtcsdefrSm ed*P²em#ykwåBuD;u rpOf;pm;bJbmjyefNyD;awmh ajymovJ/ ]]aMomf pdwåol<u,f 'g,um ...'g,um[m tvGefajzmifhrwf½dk;om;wJh yk*¾dKvfwpfa,mufjzpfw,f? vSnfhywfwJhrm,m aumufuspfpOf;vJwJh omaX,sawG uif;pifaewJh olawmfaumif;BuD;wpfOD; jzpfw,f}}qdkNyD; csD;rGrf;w,f/

tJ'Dvdk csD;rGrf;vdkufwJh tcsdeftcgrSm pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;ubmjyefNyD;awmh ar;ovJ¿ --

wH wH wH wH wH uuuuuð rnod baEÅ? uwrH Ek acg yPDww&H ÓPH 0g o'¨gð rnod baEÅ? uwrH Ek acg yPDww&H ÓPH 0g o'¨gð rnod baEÅ? uwrH Ek acg yPDww&H ÓPH 0g o'¨gð rnod baEÅ? uwrH Ek acg yPDww&H ÓPH 0g o'¨gð rnod baEÅ? uwrH Ek acg yPDww&H ÓPH 0g o'¨g0g/0g/0g/0g/0g/

]]t&Sifbk&m; ...ÓPfESifh o'g b,f'if;u ydkNyD;awmh omvGefjrifhjrwfygovJ}}vdkY ar;w,f/

o'¨g, acg *[ywd ÓPHa,0 yPDwwo'¨g, acg *[ywd ÓPHa,0 yPDwwo'¨g, acg *[ywd ÓPHa,0 yPDwwo'¨g, acg *[ywd ÓPHa,0 yPDwwo'¨g, acg *[ywd ÓPHa,0 yPDww&&&&& H/H/H /H /H /

]]'g,umBuD; ... o'gxuf ÓPfu ydkNyD;awmh BuD;us,fjrifhjrwfygw,f omvGefjrifhjrwfygw,f}}vdkY 'Dvdk tajzay;w,f/ tJ'DtcgrSm --

t[H acg baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? 0d0dapö0 umar[d 0d0dpöt[H acg baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? 0d0dapö0 umar[d 0d0dpöt[H acg baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? 0d0dapö0 umar[d 0d0dpöt[H acg baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? 0d0dapö0 umar[d 0d0dpöt[H acg baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? 0d0dapö0 umar[d 0d0dpötukoav[d "ar®[d o0dwuúH o0dpm&H 0da0uZH yDwdokcH yXrHtukoav[d "ar®[d o0dwuúH o0dpm&H 0da0uZH yDwdokcH yXrHtukoav[d "ar®[d o0dwuúH o0dpm&H 0da0uZH yDwdokcH yXrHtukoav[d "ar®[d o0dwuúH o0dpm&H 0da0uZH yDwdokcH yXrHtukoav[d "ar®[d o0dwuúH o0dpm&H 0da0uZH yDwdokcH yXrHpsmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/

baEÅ =baEÅ =baEÅ =baEÅ =baEÅ = t&Sifbk&m; .../ t[H acg = t[H acg = t[H acg = t[H acg = t[H acg = wynfhawmfonfum;/,m0a'0,m0a'0,m0a'0,m0a'0,m0a'0 ===== tMuifrQavmufaom umvywfvHk;yifvQif/ tmucFgrdtmucFgrdtmucFgrdtmucFgrdtmucFgrd =====tvdk&Sd\/ wm0a'0 = wm0a'0 = wm0a'0 = wm0a'0 = wm0a'0 = xdktvdk&SdorQ umvywfvHk;yifvQif/ umar[d umar[d umar[d umar[d umar[d===== 0w¬Kumr udavomumrwdkYrS/ 0d0dapö0 = 0d0dapö0 = 0d0dapö0 = 0d0dapö0 = 0d0dapö0 = uif;qdwfonfjzpfíomvQif/ tukoav[d "ar®[dtukoav[d "ar®[dtukoav[d "ar®[dtukoav[d "ar®[dtukoav[d "ar®[d ===== tukodkvfw&m;wdkYrS/ 0d0dpö0d0dpö0d0dpö0d0dpö0d0dpö ===== uif;


qdwfonfjzpfíomvQif/ o0dwuúH = o0dwuúH = o0dwuúH = o0dwuúH = o0dwuúH = 0dwufESifhvnf; wuGjzpfaom/o0dpm&H =o0dpm&H =o0dpm&H =o0dpm&H =o0dpm&H = 0dpm&ESifhvnf; wuGjzpfaom/ 0da0uZH = 0da0uZH = 0da0uZH = 0da0uZH = 0da0uZH = eD0&Pw&m;uif;qdwfjcif;aMumifh xif&Sm;jzpfay:ívm&aom/ yDwdokcH = yDwdokcH = yDwdokcH = yDwdokcH = yDwdokcH = ESpfoufjcif; yDwdç csrf;omjcif; okc&Sdaom/ yXrHyXrHyXrHyXrHyXrH psmeH =psmeH =psmeH =psmeH =psmeH = yxrpsmefudk/ OyorÜZÆOyorÜZÆOyorÜZÆOyorÜZÆOyorÜZÆ===== jynfhpHkapí/ 0d[&mrd = 0d[&mrd = 0d[&mrd = 0d[&mrd = 0d[&mrd = aexdkifEdkifyg\/

]]t&Sifbk&m; ... wynfhawmf[mav b,favmufrsm; tvdk&SdovJ? tvdk&SdorQ umvywfvHk; 0dwuf 0dpm& yDwd okc {u*¾wmac:wJh psmeft*Fg ig;yg;&SdaewJhç 0w¬Kumr udavomumrwdkYrS uif;qdwfaewJh 'Dyxrpsmefudk wynfhawmf 0ifpm;NyD; aexdkifEdkifygw,f/}}

rNyD;ao;bl;? aemufxyf olu qufNyD; avQmufxm;ao;w,f/

t[H acg baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? 0dwuú0dpm&meH 0lyormt[H acg baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? 0dwuú0dpm&meH 0lyormt[H acg baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? 0dwuú0dpm&meH 0lyormt[H acg baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? 0dwuú0dpm&meH 0lyormt[H acg baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? 0dwuú0dpm&meH 0lyormtZÑwåH orÜom'eH apwaom {aum'dbm0H t0dwuúH t0dpm&HtZÑwåH orÜom'eH apwaom {aum'dbm0H t0dwuúH t0dpm&HtZÑwåH orÜom'eH apwaom {aum'dbm0H t0dwuúH t0dpm&HtZÑwåH orÜom'eH apwaom {aum'dbm0H t0dwuúH t0dpm&HtZÑwåH orÜom'eH apwaom {aum'dbm0H t0dwuúH t0dpm&Horm"dZH yDwdokcH 'kwd,H psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/orm"dZH yDwdokcH 'kwd,H psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/orm"dZH yDwdokcH 'kwd,H psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/orm"dZH yDwdokcH 'kwd,H psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/orm"dZH yDwdokcH 'kwd,H psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/

baEÅ = baEÅ = baEÅ = baEÅ = baEÅ = t&Sifbk&m; .../ t[H acg = t[H acg = t[H acg = t[H acg = t[H acg = wynfhawmfonfum;/,m0a'0,m0a'0,m0a'0,m0a'0,m0a'0 ===== tMuifrQavmufaom umvywfvHk;yifvQif/ tmucFgrdtmucFgrdtmucFgrdtmucFgrdtmucFgrd =====tvdk&Sd\/ wm0a'0 = wm0a'0 = wm0a'0 = wm0a'0 = wm0a'0 = xdkrQavmufaom umvywfvHk;yifvQif/ 0dwuú 0dwuú 0dwuú 0dwuú 0dwuú0dpm&meH =0dpm&meH =0dpm&meH =0dpm&meH =0dpm&meH = 0dwuf0dpm&wdkY\/ 0lyorm = 0lyorm = 0lyorm = 0lyorm = 0lyorm = Nidrf;jcif;aMumifh/ tZÑwåH = tZÑwåH = tZÑwåH = tZÑwåH = tZÑwåH =rdrd&JU udk,fwGif;tZÑwåoEÅmefü/ apwaom = apwaom = apwaom = apwaom = apwaom = pdwfudfk/ orÜom'eH = orÜom'eH = orÜom'eH = orÜom'eH = orÜom'eH =Munfvifapwwfaom/ {aum'dbm0H = {aum'dbm0H = {aum'dbm0H = {aum'dbm0H = {aum'dbm0H = jrwfaom wnfMunfrI orm"dudk jzpfapwwfaom/ t0dwuúH = t0dwuúH = t0dwuúH = t0dwuúH = t0dwuúH = 0dwufvnf; r&Sdaom/ t0dpm&H = t0dpm&H = t0dpm&H = t0dpm&H = t0dpm&H =0dpm&vnf; r&Sdaom/ orm"dZH = orm"dZH = orm"dZH = orm"dZH = orm"dZH = yxrpsmeform"daMumifh jzpfaom(0g) orÜ,kwform"daMumifh jzpfaom/ yDwdokcH = yDwdokcH = yDwdokcH = yDwdokcH = yDwdokcH = ESpfoufjcif; yDwdçcsrf;omjcif; okc &Sdaom/ 'kwd,ZÑmeH = 'kwd,ZÑmeH = 'kwd,ZÑmeH = 'kwd,ZÑmeH = 'kwd,ZÑmeH = 'kwd,psmefudk/ OyorÜZÆ = OyorÜZÆ = OyorÜZÆ = OyorÜZÆ = OyorÜZÆ =jynfhpHkapí/ 0d[&mrd = 0d[&mrd = 0d[&mrd = 0d[&mrd = 0d[&mrd = aexdkifEdkifyg\/


]]t&Sifbk&m; ... wynfhawmf[m b,favmufyJ tvdk&dS&Sd? tvdk&SdorQ umvywfvHk; pdwftpOfudk vIyfacsmufcsm;wwfwJh 0dwuf 0dpm&wdkY&JU csKyfNidrf;oGm;jcif;aMumifh rdrd&JUudk,fwGif; tZÑwåoEÅmefrSm pdwfudkMunfvifapwwfwJhç jrwfaom wnfMunfrI orm"dudk jzpfapwwfwJhç½kefY&if;Murf;wrf;vdkY usKd;yJhysufpD;vG,fwJhoabm &SdwJh 0dwufvnf; r&Sd0dpm&vnf; r&SdwJhç yxrpsmeform"dudk tajccHvsuf jzpfay:vmwJhodkYr[kwf 'kwd,psmeform"dvdkY ac:qdkwJh orÜ,kwf (= ,SOfzuf) orm"daMumifh jzpfay:vmwJh ESpfoufjcif; yDwd csrf;omjcif; okc&SdwJh 'kwd,psmefudk jynfhpHkapvsuf aexdkifEdkifygw,f/}} --

'Dvdk 0dwuf 0dpm& r&SdwJh t0dwuút0dpm&orm"drSm aumif;aumif;BuD; oludk,fwdkif tvdk&Sdoavmuf aeEdkifaMumif; (= 'kwd,psmefudk0ifpm;NyD; aeEdkifaMumif;) udk &J&J0Hh0hH wifjyavQmufxm;vdkufw,f/ olrsm;tajymESifh vGrf;aewm r[kwfygbl;/ udk,fwdkifodaeygw,fvdkY qdkvdkygw,f/

w&m;emy&dwfowfjzpfwJh 'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awGvnf;pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;wdkYvdk bk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awmfawGESifhywfoufvmvQif 'Dvdk raMumufr&GHU &J&J0Hh0Hh udk,fwdkifod&Sdxm;wJh todÓPfawGudk wifjyEdkifwJh trsKd;aumif;om;awG trsKd;aumif;orD;awGjzpfatmif vufawGUusifhxm;Muapcsifygw,f/

&wemoHk;yg;udk udk;uG,fqnf;uyfaeolwpfOD; jzpfygvsuf bk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awmfawGESifh ywfoufvdkY bk&m;&Sif&JU bufawmfuaeNyD; 'Dvdk&J&J0Hh0Hh rwifjyEdkifbl;qdkvQif bk&m;&Sif&JUw&m;awmfawGESifh ywfoufvdkYjzefYjzL;wJhae&mrSm rsm;pGm [muGufawG &Sdaeygvdrfhr,f/ omoemawmfESifh MuHKBudKufygvsuf omoemawmfudk trSDjyKNyD; BudK;pm;u &&SdEdkifrnfhpsmef-r*f-zdkvf-edAÁmefqdkwJh tjrwfqHk; tusKd;pD;yGm;awGrSvnf; qkwf,kwfoGm;wwfygw,f/


aemufxyf olu qufNyD; avQmufxm;jyefao;w,f/ --

t[H acg baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? yDwd,m p 0d&m*gt[H acg baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? yDwd,m p 0d&m*gt[H acg baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? yDwd,m p 0d&m*gt[H acg baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? yDwd,m p 0d&m*gt[H acg baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? yDwd,m p 0d&m*gOayu©aum p 0d[&mrd oawm p orÜZmaem? okcÍö uma,eOayu©aum p 0d[&mrd oawm p orÜZmaem? okcÍö uma,eOayu©aum p 0d[&mrd oawm p orÜZmaem? okcÍö uma,eOayu©aum p 0d[&mrd oawm p orÜZmaem? okcÍö uma,eOayu©aum p 0d[&mrd oawm p orÜZmaem? okcÍö uma,ey#doHa0a'rd? ,H wH t&d,m tmpdu©EÅ d - ]Oayu©aum owdrmy#doHa0a'rd? ,H wH t&d,m tmpdu©EÅ d - ]Oayu©aum owdrmy#doHa0a'rd? ,H wH t&d,m tmpdu©EÅ d - ]Oayu©aum owdrmy#doHa0a'rd? ,H wH t&d,m tmpdu©EÅ d - ]Oayu©aum owdrmy#doHa0a'rd? ,H wH t&d,m tmpdu©EÅ d - ]Oayu©aum owdrmokc0d[m&D}wd wwd,H psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrdokc0d[m&D}wd wwd,H psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrdokc0d[m&D}wd wwd,H psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrdokc0d[m&D}wd wwd,H psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrdokc0d[m&D}wd wwd,H psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/

baEÅ =baEÅ =baEÅ =baEÅ =baEÅ = t&Sifbk&m; .../ t[H acg = t[H acg = t[H acg = t[H acg = t[H acg = wynfhawmfonfum;/,m0a'0,m0a'0,m0a'0,m0a'0,m0a'0 ===== tMuifrQavmufaom umvywfvHk;yifvQif/ tmucFgrdtmucFgrdtmucFgrdtmucFgrdtmucFgrd =====tvdk&Sd\/ wm0a'0wm0a'0wm0a'0wm0a'0wm0a'0 ===== xdkrQavmufaom umvywfvHk;yifvQif/ yDwd,myDwd,myDwd,myDwd,myDwd,m===== yDwdudk/ 0d&m*g p = 0d&m*g p = 0d&m*g p = 0d&m*g p = 0d&m*g p = pufqkyfjcif;aMumifhvnf;aumif;/ Oayu©aum Oayu©aum Oayu©aum Oayu©aum Oayu©aump =p =p =p =p = wwd,psmef csrf;omudkyif vspfvsL½Ionf jzpfívnf;aumif;/oawm p =oawm p =oawm p =oawm p =oawm p = wwd,psmef\ tm½kHudk trSwf&jcif; owd &Sdonfjzpfívnf;aumif;/ orÜZmaem p = orÜZmaem p = orÜZmaem p = orÜZmaem p = orÜZmaem p = wwd,psmef\ tm½kHudk aumif;pGmuGJuJGjym;jym;odwwfaom orÜZOfÓPf &Sdonfjzpfívnf;aumif;/ 0d[- 0d[- 0d[- 0d[- 0d[-&mrd =&mrd =&mrd =&mrd =&mrd = aexdkifEdkifyg\/ okcÍö = okcÍö = okcÍö = okcÍö = okcÍö = um,duokc+apwoduokc[k ac:qdktyfwJh ESpfrsKd;aom okca0'emudkvnf;/ uma,e = uma,e = uma,e = uma,e = uma,e = emrum,jzifh/y#doHa0a'rd =y#doHa0a'rd =y#doHa0a'rd =y#doHa0a'rd =y#doHa0a'rd = cHpm;\/ ,H = ,H = ,H = ,H = ,H = tMuifwwd,psmef[laom taMumif;aMumifh/ wH = wH = wH = wH = wH = xdkwwd,psmefESifh jynfhpHkaom yk*¾dKvfudk/ t&d,m = t&d,m = t&d,m = t&d,m = t&d,m =bk&m;tp&Sdukefaom t&d,m olawmfaumif;wdkYonf/ ]]Oayu©aumOayu©aumOayu©aumOayu©aumOayu©aum===== wwd,psmefcsrf;omudkyif vspfvsL½IEdkifayol[lí/ owdrm = owdrm = owdrm = owdrm = owdrm = owdESifh jynfhpHkol[lí/ okc0d[m&D = okc0d[m&D = okc0d[m&D = okc0d[m&D = okc0d[m&D = csrf;ompGmaeavh&Sdol[lí/}} tmpdu©EÅd tmpdu©EÅd tmpdu©EÅd tmpdu©EÅd tmpdu©EÅd===== csD;rGrf;pum; ajymMum;awmfrlMuukef\/ wH wwd,H psmeH = wH wwd,H psmeH = wH wwd,H psmeH = wH wwd,H psmeH = wH wwd,H psmeH = xdkwwd,psmefudk/ OyorÜZÆ = OyorÜZÆ = OyorÜZÆ = OyorÜZÆ = OyorÜZÆ = jynfhpHkapí/ 0d[&mrd = 0d[&mrd = 0d[&mrd = 0d[&mrd = 0d[&mrd = aexdkifEdkifyg\/

]]t&Sifbk&m; ...wynfhawmf[m tvdk&Sdoavmuf umvywfvHk;0dwuf 0dpm& yDwdqdkwJh psmeft*FgawG r&SdwJh wwd,psmefcsrf;omudkyifaMumifhMurI awmifhwrI r&SdbJ pdwfudk tnDtrQ tv,ftvwf vspfvsL


½Ixm;Edkifygw,f/ wwd,psmef&JUtm½kHrSm cdkifjrJaewJh trSwf&jcif; owdçuGJuJGjym;jym; &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif; odwwfwJh orÜZOfÓPfESifh jynfhpHkNyD;aexdkifEdkifygw,f/ 'Dwwd,psmefcsrf;omudkvnf; wynfhawmf&JU emrum, (= emrfw&m;taygif;)u aumif;aumif;BuD; cHpm;Edkifygw,f/'gaMumifh 'Dvdkwwd,psmefudk &&SdaewJh olawmfaumif;udk bk&m;tp&SdwJht&d,molawmfaumif;wdkYu - ]wwd,psmefcsrf;omudkyif vspfvsL½IEdkifolç owdESifh jynfhpHkolç csrf;ompGm aeavh&Sdol} - qdkNyD; csD;rGrf;pum; ajr§mufpm;awmfrlMuygw,f/ 'Dwwd,psmefudk wynfhawmf[mjynfhjynfhpHkpHk uyfa&mufNyD; aexdkifEdkifygw,f}} - vdkY olu qufvufNyD;avQmufxm;w,f/

'Dae&mrSm A[kokwtenf;i,fudk ajymMu&atmif .../

yxrpsmeftcdkufrSm 0dwuf-0dpm&-yDwd-okc-{u*¾wmqdkwJh psmeft*Fg ig;yg; &Sdygw,f/ Oyrm - a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu tjzLa&mifuodkPf;udkavhusifhxm;w,fqdkvQif 'Dpsmeft*FgawGu tjzLa&mifuodkPf;y#dbm*edrdwfudkyJ tm½kHjyKMuygw,f/

'gayrJh a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu 0dwuf-0dpm&qdkwJh ½kefY&if;wJhpsmeft*FgawGudky,f&Sm;EkdifvdkY 'kwd,psmefodkY qdkufoGm;NyDqdkvQif 'kwd,psmeftcdkufrSmyDwd-okc-{u*¾wmac:wJh psmeft*FgoHk;yg;yJ &Sdygawmhw,f/

wpfcg - a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu yDwdudkvnf; &GH&SmpufqkyfwJh pdwfxm;ESifhtjzLa&mifuodkPf;y#dbm*edrdwfwdkYvdk orxedrdwfudkyJ qufvuftm½kH,lNyD;awmh orm"dudk qufvufxlaxmifvdkufvQif yDwd jyKwfoGm;NyD;awmh okc-{u*¾wm qdkwJh psmeft*FgESpfyg;yJ &SdwJh wwd,psmefudkqdkufoGm;r,f/

'Dwwd,psmefrSm pdwfudkvIyfacsmufcsm;apwJh 0dwuf-0dpm&-yDwdwdkYr&SdwJhtwGuf xdkxdktm½kHawGrSm pdwfudk tnDtrQ aumif;pGmxm;EdkifwJh


wMwrZÑwåwmapwodufvdkY ac:wJh Oayu©mu tvGeftm;aumif;aew,f/ 'Dvdk tm;aumif;wJhtwGuf avmuDcsrf;om[lorQwdkYwGif tomqHk; tjrwfqHk; csrf;omjzpfwJh 'Dwwd,psmefcsrf;omudkyif aMumifhMurIawmifhwrI r&SdawmhbJ pdwfudk orxtm½kHrSm tnDtrQ aumif;pGmtv,ftvwfü wnfaeatmif xm;Edkifw,f/

'Dvdkxm;EdkifwJhtwGuf bk&m;tp&SdwJh t&d,molawmfaumif;wdkYu'Dvdk wwd,psmefESifh jynfhpHkaewJh olawmfaumif;udk - ]]wwd,psmefcsrf;omudkyif vspfvsL½IEdkifol owdESifh jynfhpHkol csrf;ompGmaeavh&dSol}}vdkY 'Dvdk csD;rGrf;pum; ajr§mufpm;awmfrlMuw,f/ 'Dwwd,psmefcsrf;omudkvnf; pdwåol<u,fu aumif;aumif;BuD; cHpm;vdkY &aew,f/ odyftm;&zdkYaumif;wJh ausmif;'g,umBuD;yJ/

'Dwwd,psmefcsrf;omudk wwd,psmefudk &aewJh olawmfaumif;awGu emrum,jzifh cHpm;w,fqdkwJhtydkif;rSm t|uxmrsm;u okc(= csrf;om)udk um,duokc+apwoduokcqdkNyD; ESpfrsKd; zGifhqdkxm;Muygw,f/ (0dok'd-1-158/)

wwd,psmefudk 0ifpm;qJcPrSm apwoduokc ac:wJh psmefcsrf;omudkom a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu cHpm;aeygw,f/ 'gayrJh tJ'Dwwd,psmefpdwfurGefjrwfwJh yPDwpdwfwpfrsKd; jzpfygw,f/ 'D rGefjrwfwJh wwd,psmefpdwfaMumifh rGefjrwfwJh pdwåZ½kyfuvmyfawGu wpfudk,fvHk; tESHYtjym;jzpfaeMuygw,f/

tJ'D pdwåZ½kyfuvmyfawGrSmygwJh yx0D-awaZm-0ga,m qdkwJhazm|AÁ"mwfawGu a,m*D&JU wpfudk,fvHk; tESHYtjym;rSm &SdaewJh um,yom' (= um,tMunf"mwf)awGudk xdcdkufaewJhtwGuf a,m*Dyk*¾dKvf&JUoEÅmefrSm psmefrS xvQifxcsif; um,duokca0'emudkvnf; a,m*D


yk*¾dKvfu cHpm;ae&ygw,f/ 'Dvdk psmefrS xvQifxcsif; cHpm;ae&wJhum,duokca0'emESifh psmef0ifpm;qJ cHpm;ae&wJh apwoduokca0'emawGudk pkaygif;NyD;awmh ]]okcÍö uma,e y#doHa0a'wd okcÍö uma,e y#doHa0a'wd okcÍö uma,e y#doHa0a'wd okcÍö uma,e y#doHa0a'wd okcÍö uma,e y#doHa0a'wd =====um,duokc apwoduokcudk emrum,jzifh cHpm;aeaMumif;}} - udkbk&m;&Sifu a[mMum;awmfrljcif; jzpfygw,fvdkY t|uxmrsm;u &Sif;jyxm;Muygw,f/

aemufxyf pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;u bmudk qufNyD; avQmufxm;ao;ovJ¿ emMunfhMu&atmif .../

t[H acg baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? okcó p y[memt[H acg baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? okcó p y[memt[H acg baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? okcó p y[memt[H acg baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? okcó p y[memt[H acg baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? okcó p y[mem'ku©ó p y[mem ykaAÁ0 aomreóa'greómeH tw¬*Frm'ku©ó p y[mem ykaAÁ0 aomreóa'greómeH tw¬*Frm'ku©ó p y[mem ykaAÁ0 aomreóa'greómeH tw¬*Frm'ku©ó p y[mem ykaAÁ0 aomreóa'greómeH tw¬*Frm'ku©ó p y[mem ykaAÁ0 aomreóa'greómeH tw¬*Frmt'ku©rokcH Oayu©mowdyg&dok'¨ð pwkw¬H psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/t'ku©rokcH Oayu©mowdyg&dok'¨ð pwkw¬H psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/t'ku©rokcH Oayu©mowdyg&dok'¨ð pwkw¬H psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/t'ku©rokcH Oayu©mowdyg&dok'¨ð pwkw¬H psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/t'ku©rokcH Oayu©mowdyg&dok'¨ð pwkw¬H psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/

baEÅ =baEÅ =baEÅ =baEÅ =baEÅ = t&Sifbk&m; .../ t[H acg = t[H acg = t[H acg = t[H acg = t[H acg = wynfhawmfonfum;/,m0a'0,m0a'0,m0a'0,m0a'0,m0a'0 ===== tMuifrQavmufaom umvywfvHk;yifvQif/ tmucFgrdtmucFgrdtmucFgrdtmucFgrdtmucFgrd =====tvdk&Sd\/ wm0a'0wm0a'0wm0a'0wm0a'0wm0a'0 ===== xdkrQavmufaom umvywfvHk;yifvQif/ okcóokcóokcóokcóokcóp =p =p =p =p = um,duokcudkvnf;/ y[mem = y[mem = y[mem = y[mem = y[mem = y,fjcif;aMumifh/ 'ku©ó p = 'ku©ó p = 'ku©ó p = 'ku©ó p = 'ku©ó p =um,du'ku©udkvnf;/ y[mem = y[mem = y[mem = y[mem = y[mem = y,fjcif;aMumifh/ ykaAÁ0 = ykaAÁ0 = ykaAÁ0 = ykaAÁ0 = ykaAÁ0 = pwkw¬psmefodkY rqdkufa&mufrD Oypm&orm"dtcdkufüyifvQif/ aomreó aomreó aomreó aomreó aomreóa'greómeH =a'greómeH =a'greómeH =a'greómeH =a'greómeH = aomreóa0'em[laom apwoduokcç a'greóa0'em[laom apwodu'ku©wdkY\/ tw¬*Frm = tw¬*Frm = tw¬*Frm = tw¬*Frm = tw¬*Frm = csKyfjcif;aMumifh/t'ku©rokcH =t'ku©rokcH =t'ku©rokcH =t'ku©rokcH =t'ku©rokcH = t'ku©rokc trnf&wJh Oayu©ma0'emESifh,SOfaom/Oayu©mowdyg&dok'¨ ð =Oayu©mowdyg&dok'¨ ð =Oayu©mowdyg&dok'¨ ð =Oayu©mowdyg&dok'¨ ð =Oayu©mowdyg&dok'¨ ð = wMwrZÑwåKayu©m[laom Oayu©monfjzpfaptyfaom owd\ xuf0ef;usifpifMu,fjcif;&Sdaom/ pwkw¬H psmeH pwkw¬H psmeH pwkw¬H psmeH pwkw¬H psmeH pwkw¬H psmeH===== pwkw¬psmefudk/ OyorÜZÆ = OyorÜZÆ = OyorÜZÆ = OyorÜZÆ = OyorÜZÆ = jynfhpHkapí/ 0d[&mrd = 0d[&mrd = 0d[&mrd = 0d[&mrd = 0d[&mrd = aexdkifEdkifyg\/

]]t&Sifbk&m; ...wynfhawmf[m b,favmuf tvdk&SdovJ? tvdk&dSoavmuf wpfcsdefvHk; pwkw¬psmefudk 0ifpm;NyD; aeEdkifygw,f}}- vdkY


olu qufvufNyD; avQmufxm;w,f/

1/ um,du-'ku©a0'emu yxrpsmef&JU Oypm&orm"d tcdkufrSmcsKyfw,f/

2/ a'greó-a0'emu 'kwd,psmef&JU Oypm&orm"d tcdkufrSmcsKyfw,f/

3/ um,du-okca0'emu wwd,psmef&JU Oypm&orm"d tcdkufrSmcsKyfw,f/

4/ aomreó-a0'emu pwkw¬psmef&JU Oypm&orm"d tcdkufrSmcsKyfw,f/ (0dok'd-1-160/)

odkYaomf oH,kwfygVdawmf OyÜ#dyg#duokwåef (oH-3-188-190/) rSmawmh'Da0'emav;rsKd;wdkY[m psmefav;yg;wdkYü tpOftwdkif;csKyfyHkudk a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/ 'Da[mMum;awmfrlcsufuawmh vGefvGefuJuJcsKyfNidrf;rIudk &nf&G,fawmfrlNyD; a[mMum;awmfrljcif; jzpfygw,f/

ckeu ajymcJhwJh psmefav;yg;wdkY&JU Oypm&orm"dtcdkufrSm a0'emav;rsKd;wdkY&JU tpOftwdkif; csKyfNidrf;yHkuawmh vGefvGefuJuJ csKyfNidrf;rIrsKd;awmh r[kwfbl;/

'Dae&mrSm w&m;emy&dowfawG enf;enf;av; pOf;pm;MunfhMuprf;µudk,fqif;&JrI pdwfqif;&JrI udk,fcsrf;omrI pdwfcsrf;omrIawG r&dSMuawmhtjzLa&mifuodkPf;y#dbm*edrdwfwdkYvdk orxtm½kHedrdwfwpfckwnf;ay:rSm a,m*Dyk*¾dKvf&JU bm0empdwfu Nidrf0yfpGm uyfNyD; wnfaer,faMumifhMurI awmifhwrIawG bmrQr&SdawmhbJ pdwfawG at;csrf;aer,fqdkvQif b,favmufaumif;rvJ¿ pOf;pm;Munfhprf;? omoemawmfudktrDSjyKNyD; &&SdwJh csrf;omxl;BuD;awG jzpfMuygw,f/


odkYaomf 'gu avmuDpsmefcsrf;omrQom &Sdygao;w,f/ psmefcsrf;omxuf 0dyóemcsrf;omu ydkNyD; tqifhjrifhygw,f/ 0dyóemcsrf;omxufr*fcsrf;om zdkvfcsrf;om edAÁmefcsrf;omawGuawmh ydkí ydkí tqifhjrifhwJhcsrf;omxl;BuD;awG jzpfMuygw,f/ 'gaMumifh bk&m;&Sifu --

edAÁmeH y&rH okcH/ ("r®y')

]]edAÁmefonf tomqHk;tjrwfqHk;jzpfwJh csrf;om}}vdkY 'Dvdk a[mMum;awmfrljcif; jzpfygw,f/

pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;u 'Dvdk psmefcsrf;om 0dyóemcsrf;om r*fcsrf;om zdkvfcsrf;om edAÁmefcsrf;omqdkwJh csrf;omxl;csrf;omjrwfBuD;awGudk jynfhjynfh00 cHpm;EdkifwJh olawmfaumif;BuD;wpfOD; jzpfygw,f/

ckajymaewJh ed*P²em#ykwåokwåefrSm okc 'ku© aomreóa'greówdkYrS uif;a0;aewJh t'ku©rokc trnf&wJh Oayu©ma0'emESifh ,SOfaewJhç wMwrZÑwåKayu©mqdkwJh orxtm½kHedrdwfay:rSm bm0empdwfudk aMumifhMurI awmifhwrI r&SdbJ tnDtrQ aumif;pGm xm;EdkifwJhOayu©maMumifh jzpfay:vmwJh tbufbufrSpifMu,faewJh owd &SdaewJh pwkw¬psmefudk ol[m tvdk&Sdoavmuf aumif;aumif; 0ifpm;NyD;aeEdkifaMumif;udk wifjyvdkufw,f/

'Dvdk psmefawGudk tvdk&Sdoavmuf tcsdefumvywfvHk; 0ifpm;EdkifwJhtwGufaMumifh olu &J&J0Hh0HhESifh ed*P²em#ykwåBuD;udk qufNyD; avQmufxm;w,f/

e aom cGg[H baEÅ {0H ZmeaEÅm {0H yóaEÅm uó tnóe aom cGg[H baEÅ {0H ZmeaEÅm {0H yóaEÅm uó tnóe aom cGg[H baEÅ {0H ZmeaEÅm {0H yóaEÅm uó tnóe aom cGg[H baEÅ {0H ZmeaEÅm {0H yóaEÅm uó tnóe aom cGg[H baEÅ {0H ZmeaEÅm {0H yóaEÅm uó tnóorPó 0g jAm[®Pó 0g o'¨g, *rdómrd ]]tw¬d t0dwauúmorPó 0g jAm[®Pó 0g o'¨g, *rdómrd ]]tw¬d t0dwauúmorPó 0g jAm[®Pó 0g o'¨g, *rdómrd ]]tw¬d t0dwauúmorPó 0g jAm[®Pó 0g o'¨g, *rdómrd ]]tw¬d t0dwauúmorPó 0g jAm[®Pó 0g o'¨g, *rdómrd ]]tw¬d t0dwauúmt0dpma&m orm"d? tw¬d 0dwuú0dpm&meH eda&ma"m}}wd/t0dpma&m orm"d? tw¬d 0dwuú0dpm&meH eda&ma"m}}wd/t0dpma&m orm"d? tw¬d 0dwuú0dpm&meH eda&ma"m}}wd/t0dpma&m orm"d? tw¬d 0dwuú0dpm&meH eda&ma"m}}wd/t0dpma&m orm"d? tw¬d 0dwuú0dpm&meH eda&ma"m}}wd/


tJ'Dvdk yxrpsmef 'kwd,psmef wwd,psmef pwkw¬psmefawGudk tvdk&Sdovdk 0ifpm;EdkifwJh yk*¾dKvfwpfa,muf jzpfaewJhtwGufaMumifh wynfhawmf[m ]]0dwuf 0dpm& r&SdwJh orm"dwpfrsKd; &Sdygw,f? 0dwuf 0dpm&csKyfaewJh orm"dwpfrsKd;&Sdygw,f}}qdkwJh 'Dvdk ,HkMunfcsuf o'gw&m;jzifhb,fvdk orP jAm[®PawGudk wynfhawmf oGm;NyD; csOf;uyfaezdkYvdkao;ovJ¿ --

rdrdudk,fwdkifu 0dwuf 0dpm& csKyf&mjzpfwJh 'kwd,psmef wwd,psmefpwkw¬psmefqdkwJh 'DpsmefawGudk tcsdefra&G; 0ifpm;vdkY &Edkifw,f/ tJ'Dvdk0ifpm;vdkY&EdkifwJh todxl; ÓPfxl;&SdaewJh wynfhawmfu 0dwuf 0dpm&r&SdwJh 0dwuf 0dpm& csKyfwJh psmeform"dwpfrsKd;&Sdygw,fqdkwJh ,HkMunfcsufav;wpfckudk OD;wnfNyD;awmh b,fvdk orP jAm[®PawGudk oGm;NyD;awmh udk;uG,fqnf;uyfaezdkY vdkao;ovJ ...

tJ'Dvdk jyefNyD;ajzwm/ 'Dawmh udk,fudk,fwdkifodaewJhtwGuf 'Dvdk,HkMunfcsufESifh qnf;uyfaewm r[kwfygbl;vdkY olu jyefNyD;awmh ajzvdkufw,f/ tJ'Dvdk ajzvdkufwJhtcsdeftcgusawmhrS ed*P²BuD;u bmjyefajymovJ¿ --

£'H b0aEÅm yóE£'H b0aEÅm yóE£'H b0aEÅm yóE£'H b0aEÅm yóE£'H b0aEÅm yóEÅÅ ÅÅ Å K? ,m0 tEkZkaum pm,H pdawåm *[ywd?K? ,m0 tEkZkaum pm,H pdawåm *[ywd?K? ,m0 tEkZkaum pm,H pdawåm *[ywd?K? ,m0 tEkZkaum pm,H pdawåm *[ywd?K? ,m0 tEkZkaum pm,H pdawåm *[ywd?,m0 oaXm pm,H pdawåm *[ywd? ,m0 rm,m0D pm,H pdawåm,m0 oaXm pm,H pdawåm *[ywd? ,m0 rm,m0D pm,H pdawåm,m0 oaXm pm,H pdawåm *[ywd? ,m0 rm,m0D pm,H pdawåm,m0 oaXm pm,H pdawåm *[ywd? ,m0 rm,m0D pm,H pdawåm,m0 oaXm pm,H pdawåm *[ywd? ,m0 rm,m0D pm,H pdawåm*[ywd/*[ywd/*[ywd/*[ywd/*[ywd/

]]tcsif;wdkY ...'Dpdwåol<u,fudk MunfhMuprf;µ 'Dpdwåol<u,fBuD;[mw,frajzmifhrwfwJh taumifBuD;yJµ w,faumufuspfpOf;vJwJhtaumifBuD;yJµ w,fvSnfhywfwwfwJh taumifBuD;yJµ}} --

'Dvdk ajymjyefNyD/ 'Dvdk ajymawmh pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;uvnf;rnHhygbl;/


]]t&Sifbk&m; ... ckeuyJ wynfhawmfudk t&Sifbk&m;u tvGefajzmifhrwfw,f ½dk;om;w,fvdkY ajymw,f/ ckwpfcg aumufuspfw,fpOf;vJw,fvdkY jyefajymjyefw,f/ t&Sifbk&m;&JU a&SUpum;onf rSefvQifaemufpum;u rSm;&r,f? aemufpum;u rSefvQifvnf; a&SUpum;urSm;&r,f? 'gayrJh t&Sifbk&m;udk jyóemawG ar;cJhr,f/

{aum yaO§m? {aum Oa'áom? {uH a0,smu&PH{aum yaO§m? {aum Oa'áom? {uH a0,smu&PH{aum yaO§m? {aum Oa'áom? {uH a0,smu&PH{aum yaO§m? {aum Oa'áom? {uH a0,smu&PH{aum yaO§m? {aum Oa'áom? {uH a0,smu&PH ...............}}

ponfjzifh q,fcktxd ar;ygw,f/

jyóemu wpfck? tusOf;csKyf ñTefMum;csufu wpfck? tajzuwpfck/ tJ'gu bmvJ¿ ar;Munfhw,f/

ESpfck oHk;ck av;ck ig;ck ajcmufck ckepfck &Spfck udk;ck q,fck ponfjzifhtukefvHk; tpOftwdkif; ar;vdkufw,f/ ed*P²BuD; wpfckrS ajzqdkEdkifwJhpGrf;tm; r&Sdbl;/

w&m;ESifh ywfoufvmvdkY&SdvQif olu wjcm;wjcm; 0g'orm;awGESifh ,SOfNydKifr,fqdkvdkY&SdvQif ,SOfNydKifEdkifwJh pGrf;tm;awG olUrSm &Sdaew,f/bmaMumifhvJ¿

oludk,fwdkifu yd#uwfoHk;yHkudk wkefvIyfacsmufcsm;EdkifwJh pGrf;tm;awG &Sdw,f? 'gu oifodbufu/ usifhodbufu MunfhvdkY&SdvQifvnf;tem*grdr*fÓPf-zdkvfÓPf qdkufonfhwdkifatmif 0dyóembm0emur®|mef;awGudk pD;jzef;xm;Edkifw,f? eda&m"ormywfqdkufonfhwdkifatmif 0ifpm;EdkifwJhpGrf;tm; ÓPftjrifawG &Sdaew,f/

aemufwpfck - (9)ckajrmuf okwåefav;wpfck (oH-2-489-490/) ..tapvuóyokwåefvdkY ac:ygw,f/

²²²

g wynfhawmfESif hwynfhawmfESif hwynfhawmfESif hwynfhawmfESif hwynfhawmfESif h bk&m;&Sifbk&m;&Sifbk&m;&Sifbk&m;&Sifbk&m;&Sif ESpfOD; &S dw,f/ESpfOD; &S dw,f/ESpfOD; &S dw,f/ESpfOD; &S dw,f/ESpfOD; &S dw,f/

wynfhawmfu t&if uG,fvGefoGm;cJ hr,fqdkvdk Y&S dvQifwynfhawmfu t&if uG,fvGefoGm;cJ hr,fqdkvdk Y&S dvQifwynfhawmfu t&if uG,fvGefoGm;cJ hr,fqdkvdk Y&S dvQifwynfhawmfu t&if uG,fvGefoGm;cJ hr,fqdkvdk Y&S dvQifwynfhawmfu t&if uG,fvGefoGm;cJ hr,fqdkvdk Y&S dvQif

bk&m;&Sifuae wynfhawmftaMumif;udkbk&m;&Sifuae wynfhawmftaMumif;udkbk&m;&Sifuae wynfhawmftaMumif;udkbk&m;&Sifuae wynfhawmftaMumif;udkbk&m;&Sifuae wynfhawmftaMumif;udk

ajymawmfrlvdrf hr,f . .ajymawmfrlvdrf hr,f . .ajymawmfrlvdrf hr,f . .ajymawmfrlvdrf hr,f . .ajymawmfrlvdrf hr,f . .

]pdwåol<u,f'g,umBuD;&JUoEÅmefrSm]pdwåol<u,f'g,umBuD;&JUoEÅmefrSm]pdwåol<u,f'g,umBuD;&JUoEÅmefrSm]pdwåol<u,f'g,umBuD;&JUoEÅmefrSm]pdwåol<u,f'g,umBuD;&JUoEÅmefrSm

'DumrbHkodk Y aemufwpfzef jyefvmapwwfwJh'DumrbHkodk Y aemufwpfzef jyefvmapwwfwJh'DumrbHkodk Y aemufwpfzef jyefvmapwwfwJh'DumrbHkodk Y aemufwpfzef jyefvmapwwfwJh'DumrbHkodk Y aemufwpfzef jyefvmapwwfwJh

oHa,mZOfBudK;awG r&Sdawmhbl;} . . .oHa,mZOfBudK;awG r&Sdawmhbl;} . . .oHa,mZOfBudK;awG r&Sdawmhbl;} . . .oHa,mZOfBudK;awG r&Sdawmhbl;} . . .oHa,mZOfBudK;awG r&Sdawmhbl;} . . .

qdkNyD;awmh 'Dvdk ajymawmfrlvdrf hr,f/qdkNyD;awmh 'Dvdk ajymawmfrlvdrf hr,f/qdkNyD;awmh 'Dvdk ajymawmfrlvdrf hr,f/qdkNyD;awmh 'Dvdk ajymawmfrlvdrf hr,f/qdkNyD;awmh 'Dvdk ajymawmfrlvdrf hr,f/

tJ'D ajymMum;awmfrlcsufonftJ'D ajymMum;awmfrlcsufonftJ'D ajymMum;awmfrlcsufonftJ'D ajymMum;awmfrlcsufonftJ'D ajymMum;awmfrlcsufonf

tHhMoavmufwJh taMumif;t&mrsKd;tHhMoavmufwJh taMumif;t&mrsKd;tHhMoavmufwJh taMumif;t&mrsKd;tHhMoavmufwJh taMumif;t&mrsKd;tHhMoavmufwJh taMumif;t&mrsKd;

r[kwfygbl;/r[kwfygbl;/r[kwfygbl;/r[kwfygbl;/r[kwfygbl;/

bmudkbmudkbmudkbmudkbmudk qdkvdkwmvJ . . .¿qdkvdkwmvJ . . .¿qdkvdkwmvJ . . .¿qdkvdkwmvJ . . .¿qdkvdkwmvJ . . .¿

bk&m;&Sif&JU 'Dvdk ajymMum;awmfrlcsufubk&m;&Sif&JU 'Dvdk ajymMum;awmfrlcsufubk&m;&Sif&JU 'Dvdk ajymMum;awmfrlcsufubk&m;&Sif&JU 'Dvdk ajymMum;awmfrlcsufubk&m;&Sif&JU 'Dvdk ajymMum;awmfrlcsufu

rtHhMoavmufygbl;/rtHhMoavmufygbl;/rtHhMoavmufygbl;/rtHhMoavmufygbl;/rtHhMoavmufygbl;/

wynfhawmfu . .wynfhawmfu . .wynfhawmfu . .wynfhawmfu . .wynfhawmfu . .

tem*grdr*fÓPf zd kvfÓPf &onfhwdkifatmiftem*grdr*fÓPf zd kvfÓPf &onfhwdkifatmiftem*grdr*fÓPf zd kvfÓPf &onfhwdkifatmiftem*grdr*fÓPf zd kvfÓPf &onfhwdkifatmiftem*grdr*fÓPf zd kvfÓPf &onfhwdkifatmif

umrbHkodk Y vmaMumif;jzpfwJh oHa,mZOfawGudkumrbHkodk Y vmaMumif;jzpfwJh oHa,mZOfawGudkumrbHkodk Y vmaMumif;jzpfwJh oHa,mZOfawGudkumrbHkodk Y vmaMumif;jzpfwJh oHa,mZOfawGudkumrbHkodk Y vmaMumif;jzpfwJh oHa,mZOfawGudk

ukefcef;atmifusif hwJh usif hpOfuomvQifukefcef;atmifusif hwJh usif hpOfuomvQifukefcef;atmifusif hwJh usif hpOfuomvQifukefcef;atmifusif hwJh usif hpOfuomvQifukefcef;atmifusif hwJh usif hpOfuomvQif

omvGefNyD;awmh tHhMoavmufygw,f/omvGefNyD;awmh tHhMoavmufygw,f/omvGefNyD;awmh tHhMoavmufygw,f/omvGefNyD;awmh tHhMoavmufygw,f/omvGefNyD;awmh tHhMoavmufygw,f/(pmrsufESm-439-440/)


tcef; (14)

tapvuóyokwåef

tapv uóyqdkwmuawmh t0wfr0wfwJh wuúwGef;BuD;wpfOD;jzpfw,f/ tJ'D tapv uóyBuD;uawmh [dk .. vlUb0 vljzpfpOftcsdeftcgwkef;u pdwåol<u,f&JU i,faygif;awG jzpfMuw,f? rdwfaqGa[mif;awGyJ/

tJ'D rdwfaqGa[mif; jzpfwJh tapv uóyBuD;u rpädumo@NrdKUudk wpfcsdefrSm jyefNyD; qdkufa&mufvmw,f/

qdkufa&mufvmwJh tcsdeftcgrSm olUrdwfaqGa[mif;BuD; vmNyDqdkwmESifh 'DwuúwGef;BuD;ESifh oGm;awGUqHkNyD; ajymqdkEIwfqufNyD;wJhtcgrSmpdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;u bmar;ovJ¿ --

]]t&Sifbk&m; ...'DwuúwGef;t0wfjzifh omoemawmfrSm 0ifa&mufNyD; usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfaewm ESpfaygif; b,favmufMumNyDvJ}}vdkY ar;vdkufawmh - ]]ESpfaygif; oHk;q,f&SdNyDuGJU}}vdkY jyefNyD;awmhtajzay;w,f/ tJ'DtcgrSm pdwåol<u,fu xyfNyD; ar;jyefw,f/ --

] 435


£ar[d ye aw baEÅ £ar[d ye aw baEÅ £ar[d ye aw baEÅ £ar[d ye aw baEÅ £ar[d ye aw baEÅ wwwwwðorawå[d 0aó[d tw¬d aumpdðorawå[d 0aó[d tw¬d aumpdðorawå[d 0aó[d tw¬d aumpdðorawå[d 0aó[d tw¬d aumpdðorawå[d 0aó[d tw¬d aumpdOwå&d rEkó"r®m tvr&d,ÓP'óe0daoaom t"d*awmOwå&d rEkó"r®m tvr&d,ÓP'óe0daoaom t"d*awmOwå&d rEkó"r®m tvr&d,ÓP'óe0daoaom t"d*awmOwå&d rEkó"r®m tvr&d,ÓP'óe0daoaom t"d*awmOwå&d rEkó"r®m tvr&d,ÓP'óe0daoaom t"d*awmzmok0d[ma&m/ zmok0d[ma&m/ zmok0d[ma&m/ zmok0d[ma&m/ zmok0d[ma&m/ (oH-2-489/)

]]t&Sifbk&m; ... ESpfaygif;oHk;q,ftwGif;rSm Owå&drEkó"r®vdkYac:qdktyfwJh vlwdkY&JU omref ukodkvfur®yxw&m; q,fyg;xufvGefuJjrifhjrwfaewJh t&d,mtjzpfudk jyKvkyfay;EdkifwJh pGrf;tm;&SdwJhÓPftjrifxl;awG &&SdNyD; csrf;csrf;omom aexdkif&ygovm;}} qdkNyD;awmh 'Dar;cGef;udk ar;Munfhw,f/

ar;vdkufwJh tcsdeftcgusawmh ckeu tapv uóyBuD;ubmjyefajzovJ¿ --

£ar[d acg ar *[ywd £ar[d acg ar *[ywd £ar[d acg ar *[ywd £ar[d acg ar *[ywd £ar[d acg ar *[ywd wwwwwðorawå[d 0aó[d yAÁZdwóðorawå[d 0aó[d yAÁZdwóðorawå[d 0aó[d yAÁZdwóðorawå[d 0aó[d yAÁZdwóðorawå[d 0aó[d yAÁZdwóew¬d aumpd Owå&d rEkó"r®m tvr&d,ÓP'óe0daoaomew¬d aumpd Owå&d rEkó"r®m tvr&d,ÓP'óe0daoaomew¬d aumpd Owå&d rEkó"r®m tvr&d,ÓP'óe0daoaomew¬d aumpd Owå&d rEkó"r®m tvr&d,ÓP'óe0daoaomew¬d aumpd Owå&d rEkó"r®m tvr&d,ÓP'óe0daoaomt"d*awm zmok0d[ma&m?t"d*awm zmok0d[ma&m?t"d*awm zmok0d[ma&m?t"d*awm zmok0d[ma&m?t"d*awm zmok0d[ma&m?

]]*[ywd*[ywd*[ywd*[ywd*[ywd ===== 'g,umBuD; .../ £ar[d£ar[d£ar[d£ar[d£ar[d acgacgacgacgacg wwwwwðorawå[dðorawå[dðorawå[dðorawå[dðorawå[d 0aó[d0aó[d0aó[d0aó[d0aó[d===== þ tESpfokH;q,fwdkY umvywfvkH;/ yAÁZdwó = yAÁZdwó = yAÁZdwó = yAÁZdwó = yAÁZdwó = &Sif&[ef; jyKvsuf&Sdaom/ ar =ar =ar =ar =ar = ightm;/ aumpd =aumpd =aumpd =aumpd =aumpd = wpfpkHwpfckaom/ Owå&dOwå&dOwå&dOwå&dOwå&d rEkó"r®mrEkó"r®mrEkó"r®mrEkó"r®mrEkó"r®m===== vlwdkY&JU ukodkvfur®yxw&m; q,fyg;xuf omvGefjrifhjrwfaom/tvr&d,ÓP'óe0daoaomtvr&d,ÓP'óe0daoaomtvr&d,ÓP'óe0daoaomtvr&d,ÓP'óe0daoaomtvr&d,ÓP'óe0daoaom ===== t&d,myk*¾dKvfwdkY&JU ÓPftjrifxl;udk/ t"d*awm = t"d*awm = t"d*awm = t"d*awm = t"d*awm = &&Sdonfjzpfí/ zmok0d[ma&m = zmok0d[ma&m = zmok0d[ma&m = zmok0d[ma&m = zmok0d[ma&m = csrf;csrf;omomaexdkif&jcif; oabmw&m;rnfonf/ ew¬d = ew¬d = ew¬d = ew¬d = ew¬d = r&SdcJhyg/}} --

tnMw ea*¾,sm p rka@,sm p yg0Vedayæg#em, p/tnMw ea*¾,sm p rka@,sm p yg0Vedayæg#em, p/tnMw ea*¾,sm p rka@,sm p yg0Vedayæg#em, p/tnMw ea*¾,sm p rka@,sm p yg0Vedayæg#em, p/tnMw ea*¾,sm p rka@,sm p yg0Vedayæg#em, p/

t0wf r0wfjcif;ç acgif;wHk; wHk;jcif;ç xdkifvdkufwJhtcgrSm rwfwyfxvdkY&SdvQif zifrSm uyfaewJh zkefav;udk cgzdkY&eftwGuf a'gif;NrD;av;udkudkifaqmif&jcif;qdkwJh tJ'Dvdk &&SdwJh tusKd;oHk;cku vGJNyD; ESpfaygif;

tapvuóyokwåef ] 437

oHk;q,ftwGif; usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfvdkufwm vlwdkY&JUukodkvfur®yxw&m; q,fyg;xuf omvGefjrifhjrwfaewJh t&d,mtjzpfudk jyKvkyfay;EdkifwJh pGrf;tm;&SdwJh ÓPftjrifxl;awG wpfckrSr&&SdcJhygbl;? csrf;omaMumif; csrf;ompGm aexdkif&jcif;&JU taMumif;jzpfwJhw&m;xl; w&m;jrwfudkvnf; wpfckrS r&&SdcJhygbl; qdkNyD;awmh jyeftajzay;w,f/

'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awG ... pOf;pm;Munfhprf;aemf/t0wf r0wfbJESifh tjyif;txef ESpfaygif; oHk;q,favmuf usifhwm/tJ'DusifhvdkufwmrSm ol&wJh tusKd;w&m;uav;u t0wfr0wfwmwpfck? acgif;wHk; wHk;aewm wpfck? xvdkufwJhtcgrSm zifrSmuyfaewJhzkefav;udk okwfzdkY&ef cgzdkY&eftwGuf a'gif;NrD;uav;wpfckudk udkifwG,f&jcif;u wpfck - 'DoHk;ckqdkwJh tusKd;avmufyJ &w,f/

'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awG 'DtxJ &Sdcsifvnf;&Sdr,f? tESpfoHk;q,favmuf w&m;tm;xkwfvdkY tJ'DtusKd;oHk;ckyJ &r,fqdkvdkY&SdvQifawmh wGufyHkudkufyghrvm;¿ rudkufbl;/

'Dawmh zifrSm ayaewJh zkefav;ukd cgxkwfvdkY&½Hkavmuf tusKd;yJ&Sdw,f qdkvdkY&SdvQifawmh 'DtusKd;rsKd; 'Dvkyfief;rsKd;udk qufNyD; vkyfzdkYaumif;yghrvm;¿ raumif;awmhbl;aemf/

uJ 'g,umBuD;udkvnf; jyefar;OD;r,f? 'g,umBuD;vnf; bk&m;&Sif a*gwr&JUomoemawmfrSm 0ifa&mufNyD; w&m;"r®awG usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfwm ESpfaygif; b,favmufMumNyDvJvdkYar;awmh oluvnf; tESpfoHk;q,f&SdNyD jzpfaMumif;udk tajzay;w,f/uJ tJ'DtESpfoHk;q,f twGif;rSmaemf ..? olu qufNyD;awmh ar;w,f/

£ar[d ye aw *[ywd £ar[d ye aw *[ywd £ar[d ye aw *[ywd £ar[d ye aw *[ywd £ar[d ye aw *[ywd wwwwwðorawå[d 0aó[d tw¬d aumpdðorawå[d 0aó[d tw¬d aumpdðorawå[d 0aó[d tw¬d aumpdðorawå[d 0aó[d tw¬d aumpdðorawå[d 0aó[d tw¬d aumpdOwå&d rEkó"r®m tvr&d,ÓP'óe0daoaom t"d*awmOwå&d rEkó"r®m tvr&d,ÓP'óe0daoaom t"d*awmOwå&d rEkó"r®m tvr&d,ÓP'óe0daoaom t"d*awmOwå&d rEkó"r®m tvr&d,ÓP'óe0daoaom t"d*awmOwå&d rEkó"r®m tvr&d,ÓP'óe0daoaom t"d*awm


zmok0d[ma&m/zmok0d[ma&m/zmok0d[ma&m/zmok0d[ma&m/zmok0d[ma&m/

'DtESpfoHk;q,f omoemawmfrSm 0ifa&mufNyD; w&m;"r®awG usifhvdkufvdkY usifhvdkufwJhtwGufaMumifh vlwdkY&JU omref ukodkvfur®yxw&m; q,fyg;xuf omvGef jrifhjrwfaewJh t&d,mwdkY&JU ÓPftjrifwdkYudk &&SdNyD;wJhtcg csrf;csrf;omom aexdkifEdkifjcif;&JU taMumif;w&m;uav;awGudk &&Sdygovm;? csrf;csrf;omom aexdkifEdkif&JUvm;vdkY ar;Munfhw,f/ ar;MunfhvdkufwJh tcgusawmhrS bmjyefajzovJ/ --

*d[daemyd od,m baEÅ? t[O§d baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd?*d[daemyd od,m baEÅ? t[O§d baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd?*d[daemyd od,m baEÅ? t[O§d baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd?*d[daemyd od,m baEÅ? t[O§d baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd?*d[daemyd od,m baEÅ? t[O§d baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd?0d0dapö0 umar[d 0d0dpö tukoav[d "ar®[d o0dwuúH o0dpm&H0d0dapö0 umar[d 0d0dpö tukoav[d "ar®[d o0dwuúH o0dpm&H0d0dapö0 umar[d 0d0dpö tukoav[d "ar®[d o0dwuúH o0dpm&H0d0dapö0 umar[d 0d0dpö tukoav[d "ar®[d o0dwuúH o0dpm&H0d0dapö0 umar[d 0d0dpö tukoav[d "ar®[d o0dwuúH o0dpm&H0da0uZH yDwdokcH yXrH psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/ t[O§d baEÅ0da0uZH yDwdokcH yXrH psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/ t[O§d baEÅ0da0uZH yDwdokcH yXrH psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/ t[O§d baEÅ0da0uZH yDwdokcH yXrH psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/ t[O§d baEÅ0da0uZH yDwdokcH yXrH psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/ t[O§d baEÅ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? 0dwuú0dpm&meH 0lyorm/ y / 'kwd,H psmeH,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? 0dwuú0dpm&meH 0lyorm/ y / 'kwd,H psmeH,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? 0dwuú0dpm&meH 0lyorm/ y / 'kwd,H psmeH,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? 0dwuú0dpm&meH 0lyorm/ y / 'kwd,H psmeH,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? 0dwuú0dpm&meH 0lyorm/ y / 'kwd,H psmeHOyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/ t[O§d baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? yDwd,mOyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/ t[O§d baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? yDwd,mOyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/ t[O§d baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? yDwd,mOyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/ t[O§d baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? yDwd,mOyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/ t[O§d baEÅ ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? yDwd,mp 0d&m*g/ y / wwd,H psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/ t[O§d baEÅp 0d&m*g/ y / wwd,H psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/ t[O§d baEÅp 0d&m*g/ y / wwd,H psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/ t[O§d baEÅp 0d&m*g/ y / wwd,H psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/ t[O§d baEÅp 0d&m*g/ y / wwd,H psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/ t[O§d baEÅ,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? okcó p y[mem/ y / pwkw¬H psmeH Oy-,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? okcó p y[mem/ y / pwkw¬H psmeH Oy-,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? okcó p y[mem/ y / pwkw¬H psmeH Oy-,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? okcó p y[mem/ y / pwkw¬H psmeH Oy-,m0a'0 tmucFgrd? okcó p y[mem/ y / pwkw¬H psmeH Oy-orÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/orÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/orÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/orÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/orÜZÆ 0d[&mrd/

]]wynfhawmf[m vlomref 'g,umwpfOD; jzpfygw,f/ wynfhawmfb,favmuf tvdk&SdovJ? tvdk&Sdoavmuf yxrpsmefudk 0ifpm;NyD;aexdkifEdkifw,f? tvdk&Sdoavmuf 'kwd,psmefudk 0ifpm;NyD; aexdkifEdkifw,f? tvdk&Sdoavmuf wwd,psmefudk 0ifpm;NyD; aexdkifEdkifw,f? tvdk&Sdoavmuf pwkw¬psmefudk 0ifpm;NyD; aexdkifEdkifygw,f}}wJh/ aemufwpfck olu bmqufavQmufxm;ovJ¿

oap acg yem[H baEÅ b*0awm yXrw&H umvH ua&,sH?oap acg yem[H baEÅ b*0awm yXrw&H umvH ua&,sH?oap acg yem[H baEÅ b*0awm yXrw&H umvH ua&,sH?oap acg yem[H baEÅ b*0awm yXrw&H umvH ua&,sH?oap acg yem[H baEÅ b*0awm yXrw&H umvH ua&,sH?tepä&d,H acg yaewH ,H rH b*0g {0H Asmua&,s ew¬d wHtepä&d,H acg yaewH ,H rH b*0g {0H Asmua&,s ew¬d wHtepä&d,H acg yaewH ,H rH b*0g {0H Asmua&,s ew¬d wHtepä&d,H acg yaewH ,H rH b*0g {0H Asmua&,s ew¬d wHtepä&d,H acg yaewH ,H rH b*0g {0H Asmua&,s ew¬d wHoHa,mZeH a,e oHa,mZaee oH,kawåm pdawåm *[ywd ykeoHa,mZeH a,e oHa,mZaee oH,kawåm pdawåm *[ywd ykeoHa,mZeH a,e oHa,mZaee oH,kawåm pdawåm *[ywd ykeoHa,mZeH a,e oHa,mZaee oH,kawåm pdawåm *[ywd ykeoHa,mZeH a,e oHa,mZaee oH,kawåm pdawåm *[ywd yke£rH avmuH tm*apä,s/£rH avmuH tm*apä,s/£rH avmuH tm*apä,s/£rH avmuH tm*apä,s/£rH avmuH tm*apä,s/


baEÅ =baEÅ =baEÅ =baEÅ =baEÅ = t&Sifbk&m; .../ t[H = t[H = t[H = t[H = t[H = wynfhawmfonf/ b*0awm b*0awm b*0awm b*0awm b*0awm===== bk&m;&Sifxuf/ yXrw&H = yXrw&H = yXrw&H = yXrw&H = yXrw&H = a&S;OD;pGm/ oap = oap = oap = oap = oap = tu,fí/ umvH umvH umvH umvH umvHua&,sH =ua&,sH =ua&,sH =ua&,sH =ua&,sH = uG,fvGefcJhonfjzpftHh/ --

[bk&m;&SifESifh wynfhawmf ESpfOD;? wynfhawmfu bk&m;&SifxufapmNyD;awmh b0wpfck tqkH;owfNyD; t&if uG,fvGefoGm;cJhr,fqdkvdkY&SdvQifaemf/]

a,e oHa,mZaee =a,e oHa,mZaee =a,e oHa,mZaee =a,e oHa,mZaee =a,e oHa,mZaee = tMuif oHa,mZOfaMumifh/ oH,kawåm = oH,kawåm = oH,kawåm = oH,kawåm = oH,kawåm =,SOfwGJí aeonfjzpfí/ pdawåm *[ywd = pdawåm *[ywd = pdawåm *[ywd = pdawåm *[ywd = pdawåm *[ywd = pdwåol<u,fonf/ yke = yke = yke = yke = yke =aemufxyfwpfzef/ £rH avmuH =£rH avmuH =£rH avmuH =£rH avmuH =£rH avmuH = þ umr (11)bkH[k ac:qdktyfaomavmuodkY/ tm*apä,s = tm*apä,s = tm*apä,s = tm*apä,s = tm*apä,s = jyefvmav&m\/ wH oHa,mZeH = wH oHa,mZeH = wH oHa,mZeH = wH oHa,mZeH = wH oHa,mZeH = xdkuJhodkYumrbkHodkY jyefvmaMumif;jzpfwJh oHa,mZOfw&m;rsKd;onf/ ew¬d = ew¬d = ew¬d = ew¬d = ew¬d = r&SdonfomvQifwnf;/ {0H = {0H = {0H = {0H = {0H = þodkYvQif/ ,H rH = ,H rH = ,H rH = ,H rH = ,H rH = tMuif pum;udk/b*0g =b*0g =b*0g =b*0g =b*0g = jrwfpGmbk&m;onf/ Asmua&,s = Asmua&,s = Asmua&,s = Asmua&,s = Asmua&,s = ajymqdkav&m\/ {wH = {wH = {wH = {wH = {wH =þuJhodkY ajymqdkwJh pum;rsKd;onf/ tepä&d,H = tepä&d,H = tepä&d,H = tepä&d,H = tepä&d,H = rtHhMoavmufonfomvQif jzpfay\/

]]t&Sifbk&m; ...wynfhawmfESifh bk&m;&Sif ESpfOD;&Sdw,f/ wynfhawmfu t&if uG,fvGefoGm;cJhr,fqdkvdkY&SdvQif bk&m;&Sifuae wynfhawmftaMumif;udk ajymawmfrlvdrfhr,f - ]pdwåol<u,f'g,umBuD;&JUoEÅmefrSm 'DumrbHkodkY aemufwpfzef jyefvmapwwfwJh oHa,mZOfBudK;awG r&Sdawmhbl;} - qdkNyD;awmh 'Dvdk ajymawmfrlvdrfhr,f/ tJ'DajymMum;awmfrlcsufonf tHhMoavmufwJh taMumif;t&mrsKd; r[kwfygbl;/}} bmudk qdkvdkwmvJ¿ --

bk&m;&Sif&JU 'Dvdk ajymMum;awmfrlcsufu rtHhMoavmufygbl;/wynfhawmfu tem*grdr*fÓPf zdkvfÓPf &onfhwdkifatmif umrbHkodkY vmaMumif;jzpfwJh oHa,mZOfawGudk ukefcef;atmifusifhwJh usifhpOf


uomvQif omvGefNyD;awmh tHhMoavmufygw,fvdkY 'Dvdk jyefNyD;awmhajzw,f/ tJ'DtcgusawmhrS ...

tpä&d,H 0w abm? tAtpä&d,H 0w abm? tAtpä&d,H 0w abm? tAtpä&d,H 0w abm? tAtpä&d,H 0w abm? tAÇÇ ÇÇ Ç KwH 0w abm? "r®ó oGmu©mwwm?KwH 0w abm? "r®ó oGmu©mwwm?KwH 0w abm? "r®ó oGmu©mwwm?KwH 0w abm? "r®ó oGmu©mwwm?KwH 0w abm? "r®ó oGmu©mwwm?,Mw [d emr *d[D Mo'gw0oaem {0½lyH Owå&d rEkó"r®m,Mw [d emr *d[D Mo'gw0oaem {0½lyH Owå&d rEkó"r®m,Mw [d emr *d[D Mo'gw0oaem {0½lyH Owå&d rEkó"r®m,Mw [d emr *d[D Mo'gw0oaem {0½lyH Owå&d rEkó"r®m,Mw [d emr *d[D Mo'gw0oaem {0½lyH Owå&d rEkó"r®mtvr&d,ÓP'óe0daooH t"d*rdówd zmok0d[m&H/tvr&d,ÓP'óe0daooH t"d*rdówd zmok0d[m&H/tvr&d,ÓP'óe0daooH t"d*rdówd zmok0d[m&H/tvr&d,ÓP'óe0daooH t"d*rdówd zmok0d[m&H/tvr&d,ÓP'óe0daooH t"d*rdówd zmok0d[m&H/

]]aMomf .. odyftHhMozdkY aumif;ygvm;? tifrwef tHhMozG,f aumif;w,f? rjzpfpzl; tOD;topf jzpfygayw,f/ vlomref 'g,umwpfOD;jzpfayrJhvdkY 'Davmufawmif udk;uG,ftm;xm;&mjzpfwJh vlwdkY&JU ukodkvfur®yxw&m; q,fyg;xuf omvGef jrifhjrwfaewJh t&d,mjzpfzdkY&efÓPftjrifxl;awGudk &&SdapEdkifwJh csrf;csrf;omom aexdkifjcif;&JUtaMumif;jzpfwJh w&m;xl; w&m;jrwfawGudk &&SdEdkifygayw,f/ 'Dvdk&&SdEdkifjcif;[m tvGefYtvGef tHhMozG,faumif;ygayw,f}} qdkNyD;awmhtapv uóyBuD;u csD;rGrf;pum; ajymMum;w,f/ ajymMum;NyD;awmhbmvkyfovJ¿ --

vab,sm[H *[ywd £ro®ð "r®0dea, yAÁZÆ H ? vab,sHvab,sm[H *[ywd £ro®ð "r®0dea, yAÁZÆ H ? vab,sHvab,sm[H *[ywd £ro®ð "r®0dea, yAÁZÆ H ? vab,sHvab,sm[H *[ywd £ro®ð "r®0dea, yAÁZÆ H ? vab,sHvab,sm[H *[ywd £ro®ð "r®0dea, yAÁZÆ H ? vab,sHOyorÜ'H/OyorÜ'H/OyorÜ'H/OyorÜ'H/OyorÜ'H/

]]'g,umBuD; ... þbk&m;&Sif&JU omoemawmftwGif;rSm uREfkyf&Sif&[ef; jyKcsifw,f? &Siftjzpf &[ef;tjzpfudk &vdkygw,f}} qdkNyD;awmhawmif;yefw,f/

tJ'DtcgusawmhrS olU&JUrdwfaqG jzpfwJh 'D tapv uóyBuD;udktrÁm#um&mr ausmif;wdkufudk ac:aqmif? ac:aqmifNyD;wJh tcsdeftcgusawmhrS rax&fBuD;awGxH tyfESHNyD;awmh &Sif&[ef; jyKay;yg&efavQmufxm;awmif;yefw,f/ rax&fBuD;awGuvnf; &Sif&[ef; jyKay;awmfrlMuygw,f/


&Sif&[ef;jyKírMumrD wpfyg;wnf; qdyfNidrf&mt&yf csOf;uyfNyD;awmhedAÁmefudk apvTwfwJh pdwfxm;jzifh usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfvdkufwm t&Sif (tapv) uóy rax&fBuD;onf &[EÅmyk*¾dKvfwdkYwGifwpfyg;tygt0if jzpfoGm;w,f/ tm;&p&m raumif;bl;vm;¿ odyfaumif;ygw,f/

'gu pdwåol<u,f'g,umBuD; "r®uxdut&mrSm {w'*f &zdkY&eftaMumif;ç "r®mbd&w - w&m;awmfü arGUavsmf aysmfydkuf ESpfNcdKufaewJh olawmfaumif;jzpfzdkY&ef taMumif;jzpfwJh okwåefuav;awG jzpfMuygw,f/

uJ pdwåoH,kwf&JU (10)ckajrmuf okwåef (oH-2-491-492/) jzpfwJhacgifqHk; jynfwnfcJhwJh okwåefudk jyefNyD; qufpyfMunfh&atmif ../*dvme'óeokwåefaemf .../

²²²

g bk&m;&Siftay:rSm wkefvIyfrI r&S dwJh ,kHMunfcsufyJ/bk&m;&Siftay:rSm wkefvIyfrI r&S dwJh ,kHMunfcsufyJ/bk&m;&Siftay:rSm wkefvIyfrI r&S dwJh ,kHMunfcsufyJ/bk&m;&Siftay:rSm wkefvIyfrI r&S dwJh ,kHMunfcsufyJ/bk&m;&Siftay:rSm wkefvIyfrI r&S dwJh ,kHMunfcsufyJ/

b,ftcgrSm . .b,ftcgrSm . .b,ftcgrSm . .b,ftcgrSm . .b,ftcgrSm . .

'Dvdk wkefvIyfrI r&S dwJh ,HkMunfcsuf ay:vmrvJ¿'Dvdk wkefvIyfrI r&S dwJh ,HkMunfcsuf ay:vmrvJ¿'Dvdk wkefvIyfrI r&S dwJh ,HkMunfcsuf ay:vmrvJ¿'Dvdk wkefvIyfrI r&S dwJh ,HkMunfcsuf ay:vmrvJ¿'Dvdk wkefvIyfrI r&S dwJh ,HkMunfcsuf ay:vmrvJ¿

rdrdudk,fwdkifu . .rdrdudk,fwdkifu . .rdrdudk,fwdkifu . .rdrdudk,fwdkifu . .rdrdudk,fwdkifu . .

twdwf cE¨mig;yg;udk vufawGtwdwf cE¨mig;yg;udk vufawGtwdwf cE¨mig;yg;udk vufawGtwdwf cE¨mig;yg;udk vufawGtwdwf cE¨mig;yg;udk vufawGUUUUU ½½½½½II II I vd k Y &w,f?vdk Y &w,f?vdk Y &w,f?vdk Y &w,f?vdk Y &w,f?

tem*wf cE¨mig;yg;udk vufawGU tem*wf cE¨mig;yg;udk vufawGU tem*wf cE¨mig;yg;udk vufawGU tem*wf cE¨mig;yg;udk vufawGU tem*wf cE¨mig;yg;udk vufawGU ½½½½½II II I vd k Y &w,f?vdk Y &w,f?vdk Y &w,f?vdk Y &w,f?vdk Y &w,f?

ypöKyÜef cE¨mig;yg;udk vufawGU ypöKyÜef cE¨mig;yg;udk vufawGU ypöKyÜef cE¨mig;yg;udk vufawGU ypöKyÜef cE¨mig;yg;udk vufawGU ypöKyÜef cE¨mig;yg;udk vufawGU ½½½½½II II I vd k Y &NyD;vdk Y &NyD;vdk Y &NyD;vdk Y &NyD;vdk Y &NyD;

'ku©opömw&m;awGudk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm odNyD?'ku©opömw&m;awGudk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm odNyD?'ku©opömw&m;awGudk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm odNyD?'ku©opömw&m;awGudk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm odNyD?'ku©opömw&m;awGudk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm odNyD?

udk,fudk,fwdkif odNyD qdkvdk Y&S dvQif . .udk,fudk,fwdkif odNyD qdkvdk Y&S dvQif . .udk,fudk,fwdkif odNyD qdkvdk Y&S dvQif . .udk,fudk,fwdkif odNyD qdkvdk Y&S dvQif . .udk,fudk,fwdkif odNyD qdkvdk Y&S dvQif . .

ckeu pdwåol<u,fBuD;vdkayghçckeu pdwåol<u,fBuD;vdkayghçckeu pdwåol<u,fBuD;vdkayghçckeu pdwåol<u,fBuD;vdkayghçckeu pdwåol<u,fBuD;vdkayghç

,HkMunfcsuf o'¨gw&m;oufoufjzif h,HkMunfcsuf o'¨gw&m;oufoufjzif h,HkMunfcsuf o'¨gw&m;oufoufjzif h,HkMunfcsuf o'¨gw&m;oufoufjzif h,HkMunfcsuf o'¨gw&m;oufoufjzif h

bk&m;udk udk;uG,fqnf;uyfaewJh tqifhbk&m;udk udk;uG,fqnf;uyfaewJh tqifhbk&m;udk udk;uG,fqnf;uyfaewJh tqifhbk&m;udk udk;uG,fqnf;uyfaewJh tqifhbk&m;udk udk;uG,fqnf;uyfaewJh tqifh

[kwfao;vm;¿ r[kwfawmhbl;/[kwfao;vm;¿ r[kwfawmhbl;/[kwfao;vm;¿ r[kwfawmhbl;/[kwfao;vm;¿ r[kwfawmhbl;/[kwfao;vm;¿ r[kwfawmhbl;/

todÓPfESif h udk;uG,fqnf;uyfwJh tqifhudktodÓPfESif h udk;uG,fqnf;uyfwJh tqifhudktodÓPfESif h udk;uG,fqnf;uyfwJh tqifhudktodÓPfESif h udk;uG,fqnf;uyfwJh tqifhudktodÓPfESif h udk;uG,fqnf;uyfwJh tqifhudk

ul;roGm;bl;vm;¿ ul;oGm;NyD/ul;roGm;bl;vm;¿ ul;oGm;NyD/ul;roGm;bl;vm;¿ ul;oGm;NyD/ul;roGm;bl;vm;¿ ul;oGm;NyD/ul;roGm;bl;vm;¿ ul;oGm;NyD/

,HkMunfcsuf o'¨gw&m;ESif h todÓPf,HkMunfcsuf o'¨gw&m;ESif h todÓPf,HkMunfcsuf o'¨gw&m;ESif h todÓPf,HkMunfcsuf o'¨gw&m;ESif h todÓPf,HkMunfcsuf o'¨gw&m;ESif h todÓPf

b,f'if;u . . yd k NyD; jrif hjrwfovJ¿ b,f'if;u . . yd k NyD; jrif hjrwfovJ¿ b,f'if;u . . yd k NyD; jrif hjrwfovJ¿ b,f'if;u . . yd k NyD; jrif hjrwfovJ¿ b,f'if;u . . yd k NyD; jrif hjrwfovJ¿

todÓPfu . . yd k jrif hjrwfw,faemf/todÓPfu . . yd k jrif hjrwfw,faemf/todÓPfu . . yd k jrif hjrwfw,faemf/todÓPfu . . yd k jrif hjrwfw,faemf/todÓPfu . . yd k jrif hjrwfw,faemf/(pmrsufESm-452/)

442 ]

tcef; (15)

*dvme'óeokwåefaemufykdif;

a&SUrSm a[mMum;cJhNyD;wmawGuawmh pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;rSmudk,fusifhoDvvnf; jynfhpHkyHkç uvsmP"r® ac:wJh aumif;aom w&m;"r®awGESifhvnf; jynfhpHkyHkawGyJ/ tJ'Dvdk jynfhpHkaewJhtwGuf ...ç

wpfaeY ... 'D pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD; ao&manmifapmif;avsmif;puf&NyD/ pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD; ao&manmifapmif; avsmif;pufwJh tcsdeftcgrSm tJ'Dvdk jynfhpHkaewmudk awGUwJhtwGuf ewfawGupkaygif;NyD;awmh ]]aemiftem*wfumvrSm pMu0aw;rif; jzpf&ygvdk\qdkwJh 'Dpdwfxm;av;wpfck awmifhwprf;yg}} qdkNyD;awmh 0dkif;wdkufwGef;Muw,f/ bmjzpfvdkY b,ftusKd;xl;udk jrifvdkY awmifhwcdkif;ovJ¿ --

t,H acg pdawåm *[ywd oDv0g uvsmP"ar®m? oapt,H acg pdawåm *[ywd oDv0g uvsmP"ar®m? oapt,H acg pdawåm *[ywd oDv0g uvsmP"ar®m? oapt,H acg pdawåm *[ywd oDv0g uvsmP"ar®m? oapt,H acg pdawåm *[ywd oDv0g uvsmP"ar®m? oapyPd'[dówd ]tem*wr'¨geH &mZm tóH puú0wåD} wd? wóyPd'[dówd ]tem*wr'¨geH &mZm tóH puú0wåD} wd? wóyPd'[dówd ]tem*wr'¨geH &mZm tóH puú0wåD} wd? wóyPd'[dówd ]tem*wr'¨geH &mZm tóH puú0wåD} wd? wóyPd'[dówd ]tem*wr'¨geH &mZm tóH puú0wåD} wd? wóacg t,H £ZÑdówd oDv0awm apawmyPd"d 0dok'¨wåm/acg t,H £ZÑdówd oDv0awm apawmyPd"d 0dok'¨wåm/acg t,H £ZÑdówd oDv0awm apawmyPd"d 0dok'¨wåm/acg t,H £ZÑdówd oDv0awm apawmyPd"d 0dok'¨wåm/acg t,H £ZÑdówd oDv0awm apawmyPd"d 0dok'¨wåm/"r®daum "r®duH zvH tEkyówd/"r®daum "r®duH zvH tEkyówd/"r®daum "r®duH zvH tEkyówd/"r®daum "r®duH zvH tEkyówd/"r®daum "r®duH zvH tEkyówd/

] 443


t,H acg pdawåm *[ywd =t,H acg pdawåm *[ywd =t,H acg pdawåm *[ywd =t,H acg pdawåm *[ywd =t,H acg pdawåm *[ywd = þpdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;onfum;/ oDv0g =oDv0g =oDv0g =oDv0g =oDv0g = ukd,fusifhoDvESifh jynfhpkH\/ uvsmP"ar®muvsmP"ar®muvsmP"ar®muvsmP"ar®muvsmP"ar®m===== aumif;aom w&m;"r®ESifh jynfhpkH\/

b,favmufawmif aumif;wJh w&m;"r®awGESifh olUrSm jynfhpkHaeovJ¿ 'gudk emMum;MuNyD;NyD/

]]t[H =t[H =t[H =t[H =t[H = igonf/ tem*wr'¨geH = tem*wr'¨geH = tem*wr'¨geH = tem*wr'¨geH = tem*wr'¨geH = aemiftem*wfumvü/ &mZm &mZm &mZm &mZm &mZmpuú0wåd =puú0wåd =puú0wåd =puú0wåd =puú0wåd = pMu0aw;rif;BuD;onf/ tóH = tóH = tóH = tóH = tóH = jzpf&vdk\/}} £wd = £wd = £wd = £wd = £wd =þokdYvQif/ oap yPd'[dówd = oap yPd'[dówd = oap yPd'[dówd = oap yPd'[dówd = oap yPd'[dówd = tu,fí awmifhwcJhonf jzpftHh/o Dv0awm =o Dv0awm =o Dv0awm =o Dv0awm =o Dv0awm = oDv&S díaeaom/ wó = wó = wó = wó = wó = xd kp dwåol <u,f'g,umBuD;\/ t,H apawmyPd"d = t,H apawmyPd"d = t,H apawmyPd"d = t,H apawmyPd"d = t,H apawmyPd"d = þ pdwf&JU awmifhwcsufonf/0dok'¨wåm =0dok'¨wåm =0dok'¨wåm =0dok'¨wåm =0dok'¨wåm = oDvpifMu,faeonfh twGufaMumifh/ £ZÑdówd =£ZÑdówd =£ZÑdówd =£ZÑdówd =£ZÑdówd =rcRwf{uef jynfhpkHayvdrfhrnf/

pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;u udk,fusifhoDvjynfhpHkwJh olawmfaumif;BuD;vnf;jzpfw,f/ uvsmP"r® ac:wJh tem*grd r*fÓPf zdkvfÓPfwdkifatmif aumif;aom w&m;"r®awGESifh jynfhpHkaewJh olawmfaumif;BuD;vnf; jzpfw,f/

'gaMumifh aemiftem*wfumvü tu,fí pMu0aw;rif;BuD; jzpfcsifw,fqdkwJh 'Dpdwfuav;udkom wpfcsufavmuf awmifhwvdkufyg/

awmifhwvdkY&SdvQif oDvpifMu,faewJh pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;tzdkYoDvpifMu,faewJh twGufaMumifh pdwf&JU awmifhwcsuf [lorQonfrcRwf{uef jynfhpHkygvdrfhr,f/ 'Dvdk ewfawGu jrifwJhtwGuf 'DtusKd;xl;udk jrifNyD;awmh ewfawGu vmwdkufwGef;aew,f/

"r®daum"r®daum"r®daum"r®daum"r®daum ===== w&m;&SdwJh yk*¾dKvfonf/ "r® duH"r® duH"r® duH"r® duH"r® duH zvHzvHzvHzvHzvH ===== w&m;ESifh avsmfnDaewJh tusKd;w&m;udk/ tEkyówdtEkyówdtEkyówdtEkyówdtEkyówd ===== tzefzef txyfxyf awGUjrif&

*dvme'óeokwåefaemufykdif; ] 445

wwfay\/

w&m;&SdaewJh yk*¾dKvf w&m;apmifhwJh yk*¾dKvfqdkwm w&m;ESifh avsmfnDaewJh tusKd;w&m;awGudk Budrfzefrsm;pGm xyfumxyfum awGU&r,f/

'Doabmw&m;awGudk jrifwJhtwGuf ewfawGu 0dkif;NyD;awmh wdkufwGef;Muwm/ pMu0aw;rif; jzpfzdkY&eftwGuf olUtwGuf &if;ESD;&rnfhOpömu bmvJ¿ pMu0aw;rif; jzpfcsifw,fqdkwJh pdwfuav;wpfckomjzpfw,f/ awmifhwvdkuf½kHESifh udpöNyD;Edkifw,fvdkY ewfawGu ,lqMuw,f/

ckacwfrSmawmh q&mrav;jzpfzdkYawmif odyfrvG,fbl;? awmfawmfBudK;pm;&w,f awmfawmfBudK;pm;&w,f? rlvwef;uae bGJU&onftxdESpfaygif;rsm;pGm rBudK;pm;&bl;vm;¿ BudK;pm;&w,f/

ck 'DrSm pMu0aw;rif;BuD; jzpfzdkY&eftwGuf ol&if;ESD;jr§KyfESH&rnfh vkyfief;&yfawGu bmvJ¿ pdwfuav;wpfckyJ/ pdwfuom pMu0aw;rif;BuD;jzpfcsifw,fqdkvQif usdef;ao{uef jzpfudkjzpfawmhr,f/ bmhaMumifhvJ¿

oDv0g =oDv0g =oDv0g =oDv0g =oDv0g = udk,fusifhoDv &Sdw,f/ uvsmP"r® = uvsmP"r® = uvsmP"r® = uvsmP"r® = uvsmP"r® = aumif;aomw&m;"r®awGESifh jynfhpHkaew,f/

'gaMumifh - 'DaeY w&m;emy&dowftaygif; olawmfaumif;wdkYwpfawGvnf;yJ udk,fusifhoDvawGESifh jynfhpHkr,fqdkvQif uvsmP"r®ac:wJh aumif;aom w&m;"r®awGESifhom jynfhpHkMur,fqdkvQif pdwf&JUawmifhwcsuf [lorQonf rcRwf{uef rjynfhpHkEdkifbl;vm;¿ jynfhpHkEdkifygw,f/

'Dae&mrSm ckvdk vmwdkufwGef;wJh ewfawGu pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;[m oDv&Sdw,f? aumif;wJh w&m;"r®awGESifh jynfhpHkw,fqdkwmavmufudkawmh odMuygw,f/ pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;[m tem*grf


olawmfaumif;BuD; jzpfw,fqdkwJh tcsufudkawmh 'DewfawGu oabmaygufyHkawmh r&bl;/ pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;uom olUukd,fol odaejcif; jzpfw,f/

'Dvdk tem*grf jzpfaerSef; rodMuvdkYom pMu0aw;rif;BuD; jzpfzdkY&efpdwfudk aqmufwnfcdkif;aeMujcif; jzpfw,f/

aemufwpfcku tem*grfyk*¾dKvfawG[m uG,fvGefNyD;aemuf umrbkHudk aemufxyf y#doaE¨tm;jzifh jyefvmrI vljyefjzpfrI vlUjynfrSmpMu0aw;rif;qdkwJh vlom;jzpfrIawG[m b,fvdkrS rjzpfEdkifbl;qdkwmudkvnf; 'DewfawGu oabmaygufMuyHk ray:bl;/

'gaMumifh 'Dvdk pMu0aw;rif;BuD;jzpfzdkY&ef pdwfudk aqmufwnfcdkif;Mujcif; jzpfw,f/

'Dvdk ewfawGu wdkufwGef;aewJh pum;oHudk ab;rSm jyKpkaeMuwJhaqGrsKd;om;csif;awGu rMum;Mu&bl;/ pdwåol<u,fBuD; wpfOD;uomMum;ae&ygw,f/ 'gaMumifh pdwåol<u,fudk ab;rSm jyKpkaeMuwJh aqGrsKd;om;csif;awGu a&S;uajymcJhwJh ar;cGef;awGudk ar;aeMujcif; jzpfw,f?pdwåol<u,fuvnf; tajzawG ay;aejcif; jzpfygw,f/ ol&JU aemufqHk;tajzuawmh ...

]]'D pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;[m udk,fusifhoDvESifh jynfhpHkwJholawmfaumif;BuD; jzpfw,f/ w&m;"r®udk vufawGU usifhoHk;aeNyD;aumif;aom w&m;"r®ESifh jynfhpHkaewJh olawmfaumif;BuD; jzpfw,f/tu,fíom 'Dpdwåol<u,f[m ]aemiftem*wfumvü pMu0aw;rif;BuD; jzpf&ygvdk\} vdkY 'Dvdkom pdwfu awmifhwvdkufr,fqdkvQifolU&JU awmifhwcsuf[lorQ[m rcRwf{uef NyD;pD; jynfhpHkayvdrfhr,f/bmaMumifhvJ¿ -- oDvawG pifMu,faewJh twGufaMumifh oDv&SdwJh


yk*¾dKvf&JU pdwf&JUawmifhwcsuf[lorQ[m rcRwf{uef NyD;pD; jynfhpHkvdrfhr,f/ w&m;&SdwJhyk*¾dKvf w&m;usifhwJhyk*¾dKvfqdkwm w&m;ESifh avsmfnDaewJh tusKd;w&m;awGudk tzefzef awGUjrifae&wwfygw,f}} - vdkY

'Dvdk odaewJhtwGuf ewfawGu pMu0aw;rif;BuD; jzpfzdk Y&efpdwf"mwfukd aqmufwnfvdkufzdkY wdkufwGef;aeMujcif; jzpfwJhtaMumif;udk ao&manmifapmif; avsmif;pufaewJh pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;u aqGrsKd;om;csif;awGukd &Sif;jyvdkufygw,f/

tJ'DtcgusawmhrS aocgeD; ab;0dkif;xdkifaewJh aqGrsKd;om;csif;awGu bmvkyfovJ¿ uJ 'DvdkqdkvdkY&SdvQif uRefawmfwdkYudkvnf; tqHk;tr Mo0g' ay;oGm;ygOD;qdkNyD;awmh 0dkif;NyD;awmif;yefMuw,f/ tJ'DtcgusawmhrS ...

wo®m [d a0g {0H odu©dwAÁH wo®m [d a0g {0H odu©dwAÁH wo®m [d a0g {0H odu©dwAÁH wo®m [d a0g {0H odu©dwAÁH wo®m [d a0g {0H odu©dwAÁH ----------

wo®m =wo®m =wo®m =wo®m =wo®m = xdkaMumifh/ a0g = a0g = a0g = a0g = a0g = oifaqGrsKd;om;csif;taygif;wdkYonf/{0H ={0H ={0H ={0H ={0H = þodkY/ odu©dwAÁH = odu©dwAÁH = odu©dwAÁH = odu©dwAÁH = odu©dwAÁH = usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfMuyg/

]]'Dvdk usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfMuprf;yg }} - qdkNyD;awmhaemufqHk; olu w&m;a[moGm;w,f/ --

Aka'¨ ta0pöyÜoma'e orEém*wm b0dómr ]£wdyd aomAka'¨ ta0pöyÜoma'e orEém*wm b0dómr ]£wdyd aomAka'¨ ta0pöyÜoma'e orEém*wm b0dómr ]£wdyd aomAka'¨ ta0pöyÜoma'e orEém*wm b0dómr ]£wdyd aomAka'¨ ta0pöyÜoma'e orEém*wm b0dómr ]£wdyd aomb*0g t&[H or®morÁKa'¨g 0dZÆmp&PorÜaEém ok*awm avmu-b*0g t&[H or®morÁKa'¨g 0dZÆmp&PorÜaEém ok*awm avmu-b*0g t&[H or®morÁKa'¨g 0dZÆmp&PorÜaEém ok*awm avmu-b*0g t&[H or®morÁKa'¨g 0dZÆmp&PorÜaEém ok*awm avmu-b*0g t&[H or®morÁKa'¨g 0dZÆmp&PorÜaEém ok*awm avmu-0d'l tEkwåa&m yk&do'r®om&xd ow¬m a'0rEkómeH Aka'¨g0d'l tEkwåa&m yk&do'r®om&xd ow¬m a'0rEkómeH Aka'¨g0d'l tEkwåa&m yk&do'r®om&xd ow¬m a'0rEkómeH Aka'¨g0d'l tEkwåa&m yk&do'r®om&xd ow¬m a'0rEkómeH Aka'¨g0d'l tEkwåa&m yk&do'r®om&xd ow¬m a'0rEkómeH Aka'¨gb*0g}wd/b*0g}wd/b*0g}wd/b*0g}wd/b*0g}wd/

Aka'Äka'Äka'Äka'Äka'¨ ===== bk&m;&Siftay:ü/ ta0pöyÜoma'eta0pöyÜoma'eta0pöyÜoma'eta0pöyÜoma'eta0pöyÜoma'e ===== rwkefrvIyf ouf0if,kHMunfaewJh o'gw&m;ESifh/ orEém*wm =orEém*wm =orEém*wm =orEém*wm =orEém*wm = jynfhpkHMuukefonf/ b0d-b0d-b0d-b0d-b0d-ómr =ómr =ómr =ómr =ómr = jzpfMuygukeftHh/ £wd =£wd =£wd =£wd =£wd = þodkYvQif/ a0g = a0g = a0g = a0g = a0g = oifaqGrsKd;om;csif;taygif;wdkYonf/ odu©dwAÁH = odu©dwAÁH = odu©dwAÁH = odu©dwAÁH = odu©dwAÁH = usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfMuyg/


]]bk&m;&Siftay:ü rwkefrvIyf ouf0if,kHMunfaewJh o'¨gw&m;wdkYoEÅmefü jzpfap&rnf}}qdkNyD;awmh usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfMuyg/ b,fvdk ,HkMunf&rvJ¿ --

aom b*0g =aom b*0g =aom b*0g =aom b*0g =aom b*0g = xdkbkef;awmf (6)yg;ocif bk&m;&Sifonf/ £wdyd £wdyd £wdyd £wdyd £wdyd£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe = þodkY vl ewf jA[®m owå0gwdkY\ jrwfaomtvSL ylaZmftxl;udk cH,lawmfrlxdkufjcif;wnf;[laom taMumif;aMumifhvnf;/ t&[H = t&[H = t&[H = t&[H = t&[H = t&[H rnfawmfrlygay\/

aom b*0g =aom b*0g =aom b*0g =aom b*0g =aom b*0g = xdkbkef;awmf (6)yg;ocif bk&m;&Sifonf/ £wdyd £wdyd £wdyd £wdyd £wdyd£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe = þodkY ocFg& 0dum& vu©P edAÁmef ynwfwnf;[laom odoifhodxdkufonfh aÚ,s"rfw&m;ig;yg;wdkYudk q&mrulo,rÇ LÓPfjzifh udk,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifawmfrlwwfjcif;wnf;[laom þtaMumif;aMumifhvnf;yJ/ or®morÁKa'¨g =or®morÁKa'¨g =or®morÁKa'¨g =or®morÁKa'¨g =or®morÁKa'¨g = or®morÁK'rnfawmfrlygay\/

aom b*0g =aom b*0g =aom b*0g =aom b*0g =aom b*0g = xdkbkef;awmf (6)yg;ocif bk&m;&Sifonf/ £wdyd £wdyd £wdyd £wdyd £wdyd£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe = þodkY 0dZÆm (3)yg; 0dZÆm (8)yg;ç p&Pw&m;(15)yg;ESifh jynfhpkHawmfrljcif;wnf;[laom þtaMumif;aMumifhvnf;yJ/0dZÆmp&PorÜaEém =0dZÆmp&PorÜaEém =0dZÆmp&PorÜaEém =0dZÆmp&PorÜaEém =0dZÆmp&PorÜaEém = 0dZÆmp&PorÜEé rnfawmfrlygay\/

aom b*0g =aom b*0g =aom b*0g =aom b*0g =aom b*0g = xdkbkef;awmf (6)yg;ocif bk&m;&Sifonf/ £wdyd £wdyd £wdyd £wdyd £wdyd£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe = þodkY aumif;aom pum;udk qdkawmfrlwwfjcif;wnf;[laom þtaMumif;aMumifhvnf;yJ (0g) aumif;aom edAÁmefodkY <uoGm;awmfrlwwfjcif;wnf;[laom þtaMumif;aMumifhvnf;yJ/ok*awm =ok*awm =ok*awm =ok*awm =ok*awm = ok*w rnfawmfrlygay\/

aom b*0g =aom b*0g =aom b*0g =aom b*0g =aom b*0g = xdkbkef;awmf (6)yg;ocif bk&m;&Sifonf/ £wdyd £wdyd £wdyd £wdyd £wdyd£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe = þodkY owåavmu ocFg&avmu Moumoavmuwnf;[laom avmuokH;yg;udk udk,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;


azmufodjrifawmfrljcif;wnf;[laom þtaMumif;aMumifhvnf;yJ/avmu0d'l =avmu0d'l =avmu0d'l =avmu0d'l =avmu0d'l = avmu0d'l rnfawmfrlygay\/

aom b*0g =aom b*0g =aom b*0g =aom b*0g =aom b*0g = xdkbkef;awmf (6)yg;ocif bk&m;&Sifonf/ £wdyd £wdyd £wdyd £wdyd £wdyd£rdem p um&aPe£rdem p um&aPe£rdem p um&aPe£rdem p um&aPe£rdem p um&aPe ===== þodkY r,Ofaus;onfh vla,mufsm; ewfa,mufsm; wd&pämefa,mufsm;wdkYudk ,Ofaus;atmif qkH;rwwfonfhtwkrJhyk*¾dKvf jzpfawmfrljcif;wnf;[laom þtaMumif;aMumifhvnf;yJ/tEkwåa&m yk&do'r®om&xd =tEkwåa&m yk&do'r®om&xd =tEkwåa&m yk&do'r®om&xd =tEkwåa&m yk&do'r®om&xd =tEkwåa&m yk&do'r®om&xd = tEkwåa&m yk&do'r®om&xd rnfawmfrlygay\/

aom b*0g =aom b*0g =aom b*0g =aom b*0g =aom b*0g = xdkbkef;awmf (6)yg;ocif bk&m;&Sifonf/ £wdyd £wdyd £wdyd £wdyd £wdyd£rdem p um&aPe£rdem p um&aPe£rdem p um&aPe£rdem p um&aPe£rdem p um&aPe ===== þodkY vl ewf jA[®m owå0gwdkY\ q&mwpfqljzpfawmfrljcif;wnf;[laom þtaMumif;aMumifhvnf;yJ/ ow¬m a'0- ow¬m a'0- ow¬m a'0- ow¬m a'0- ow¬m a'0-rEkómeH =rEkómeH =rEkómeH =rEkómeH =rEkómeH = ow¬m a'0rEkóme rnfawmfrlygay\/

aom b*0g =aom b*0g =aom b*0g =aom b*0g =aom b*0g = xdkbkef;awmf (6)yg;ocif bk&m;&Sifonf/ £wdyd £wdyd £wdyd £wdyd £wdyd£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe = þodkY rdrdudk,fwdkif opömav;&yf w&m;jrwfudkxGif;azmufodjrifNyD;jzpfí owå0gwdkYudkvnf;yJ opömav;&yf w&m;jrwfudk xGif;azmufodjrifapwwfaom þtaMumif;aMumifhvnf;yJ/ Aka'¨g Aka'¨g Aka'¨g Aka'¨g Aka'¨g===== Ak'¨ rnfawmfrlygay\/

aom b*0g =aom b*0g =aom b*0g =aom b*0g =aom b*0g = xdkbkef;awmf (6)yg;ocif bk&m;&Sifonf/ £wdyd £wdyd £wdyd £wdyd £wdyd£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe =£rdem p um&aPe = þodkY £ó&d, "r® ,o od&D umry,wårnf bkef;ajcmufvDESifh jynfhpkHawmfrljcif;wnf;[laom þtaMumif;aMumifhvnf;yJ/ b*0g = b*0g = b*0g = b*0g = b*0g = b*0g rnfawmfrlygay\/

£wd =£wd =£wd =£wd =£wd = þodkYvQif/ Aka'¨ = Aka'¨ = Aka'¨ = Aka'¨ = Aka'¨ = bk&m;&Siftay:ü/ ta0pöyÜoma'e ta0pöyÜoma'e ta0pöyÜoma'e ta0pöyÜoma'e ta0pöyÜoma'e===== rwkefrvIyf ouf0if,kHMunfaewJh o'¨gw&m;ESifh/ orEém*wm = orEém*wm = orEém*wm = orEém*wm = orEém*wm =jynfhpkHMuukefonf/ b0dómr = b0dómr = b0dómr = b0dómr = b0dómr = jzpfMuygukeftHh/ £wd = £wd = £wd = £wd = £wd = þodkYvQif/a0g =a0g =a0g =a0g =a0g = oifwdkYonf/ odu©dwAÁH = odu©dwAÁH = odu©dwAÁH = odu©dwAÁH = odu©dwAÁH = usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwf


Muyg/

bk&m;&Sif&JU*kPfawmfudk;yg;udk ,HkMunf&rvm; r,HkMunf&bl;vm;¿,HkMunf&r,f/ b,fvdk ,HkMunf&rvJvdkYar;awmh ta0pöyÜoma'e -olwpfyg;wdkY qGJvIyfvdkY&SdvQif qGJvIyfvdkYr&wJh ,HkMunfcsufESifh ,HkMunfyg/

tJ'DtxJrSm bkef;BuD; Ak'*kPfawmfav;wpfckudk enf;enf; xyfajymr,f/

rdrdudk,fwdkif opömav;yg;udkvnf; odw,f? uRwfxdkufwJh owå0gawGudkvnf;yJ opömav;&yfw&m;jrwfudk xGif;azmufodapwwfw,f/þtaMumif;aMumifh Ak'¨rnfw,fvdkY ,HkMunf&r,f/

opömav;yg;u bmvJ¿ 'ku©opöm ork',opöm eda&m"opöm r*¾opöm/ bmu 'ku©opömvJ¿ 'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awG teD;pyfqHk;jzpfwJh "r®pMumokwf Munfhaygh/

oHcdawåe yÍöKyg'geu©Em 'ku©m - tusOf;tcsKyftm;jzifh Oyg'geu©Emig;yg;onf bmopömvJ¿ 'ku©opömw&m;/

'DOyg'geu©Emig;yg;u bmawGvJ¿ ½lykyg'geu©Em a0'Ekyg'geu©EmonKyg'geu©E¨m ocFg½kyg'geu©E¨m 0dnmPkyg'geu©E¨m - aygif;vdkufawmh b,fESpfyg;vJ¿ (5)yg;/

pdwf-apwoduf-½kyfw&m;awGudk b,fESpfyHk yHkxm;ovJ¿ ig;yHk ykHxm;w,f? cE¨mig;yg;yJ/ bmudk ½lykyg'geu©E¨mvdkY ac:w,fqdkwm bk&m;&Sifudk,fawmfwdkifu cE0*¾oH,kwfygVdawmfrSm cEokwåef qdkwJh trnfESifha[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/

,H udÍöd bdu©a0 ½lyH twDwmem*wypöKyÜEéH tZÑwåH 0g A[d'¨g 0gMoVm&duH 0g okckrH 0g [DeH 0g yPDwH 0g ,H 'la& oEÅdau 0g omo0HOyg'ged,H? t,H 0kpöwd ½lykyg'geu©aE¨m/ (oH-2-39/)


twdwf½kyfw&m;ç ypöKyÜef½kyfw&m;ç tem*wf½kyfw&m;ç tZÑwå½kyfw&m;ç A[d'¨½kyfw&m;ç MoVm&duac:wJh ½kefY&if;Murf;wrf;wJh½kyfw&m;çokckr ac:wJh odrfarGUEl;nHhwJh ½kyfw&m;ç [Deac:wJh ,kwfnHhwJh½kyfw&m;çyPDwac:wJh rGefjrwfwJh½kyfw&m;ç 'l&ac:wJh a0;wJh ½kyfw&m;ç oEÅduac:wJh eD;wJh ½kyfw&m; --

tJ'D (11)rsKd;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh wnfaewJh ½kyfw&m;onfomo0omo0omo0omo0omo0 = = = = = tmoa0gw&m;wdkY&JU tm½Hk,l&m (31)bHke,fajrtwGif;rSmwnf&Sdaer,fqdkvQifç Oyg'ged,Oyg'ged,Oyg'ged,Oyg'ged,Oyg'ged, = = = = = wPSm-'d|dwdkYjzifh ]ig igh[m}vdkY vSrf;NyD;pGJ,l&mjzpfwJh (31)bHktwGif;rSm wnf&SdcJhr,fqdkvQif - tJ'D (11)rsKd;aomtjcif;t&mtm;jzifh wnfaewJh ½kyfw&m;tpktyHkudk bmcE¨mvdkY ac:ovJ¿ ½lykyg'geu©E¨mvdkY ac:w,f/

tJ'D ½lykyg'geu©Emonf opöma'oemawmfenf;t& bmopömvJ¿'ku©opömw&m;/ usef emrfcE¨mav;yg;wdkYudk enf;wloabmaygufyg/tJ'D'ku©opömudk rdrdudk,fwdkifvnf; xGif;azmuf odw,f? owå0gawGudkvnf; xGif;azmuf odapw,f/ tJ'Dvdk odapwwfwJh *kPfawmfudkbm*kPfawmfvdkY ac:ovJ¿ Ak'¨*kPfawmf/

tJ'D Ak'*kPfawmfudk ,HkMunf&rvm; r,HkMunf&bl;vm;¿ ,HkMunfyg/ enf;enf;av; jyefpOf;pm;Munfhprf;µ tJ'D 'ku©opömw&m;xJrSmtwdwfcE¨mig;yg;[m ygovm; rygbl;vm;¿ ygw,f? tem*wfcE¨mig;yg;aum ygovm; rygbl;vm;¿ ygw,f/

tJ'D twdwfcE¨mig;yg; tem*wfcE¨mig;yg;udk rdrdudk,fwdkifvnf;odw,f? uRwfxdkufwJh a0ae,sowå0gawGudkvnf; odapw,fqdkwJh'Dtcsufudk ,HkMunf&r,f/ w&m;emy&dowfawG ,Hkvm; r,Hkbl;vm;¿,kHw,f? [kwf&JUvm;¿ bkef;BuD;uawmh odyfrxifygbl;? 'gaMumifh -bkef;BuD;wdkY 'DZmpfjrpfuav;udkawmh enf;enf;em;vnfzdkY vdkw,f/


bk&m;&Siftay:rSm wkefvIyfrI r&SdwJh ,kHMunfcsufyJ/ b,ftcgrSm'Dvdk wkefvIyfrI r&SdwJh ,HkMunfcsuf ay:vmrvJ¿ rdrdudk,fwdkifu twdwfcE¨mig;yg;udk vufawGU ½IvdkY&w,f? tem*wf cE¨mig;yg;udk vufawGU½IvdkY &w,f? ypöKyÜef cE¨mig;yg;udk vufawGU ½IvdkY &NyD; 'ku©opömw&m;awGudk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm odNyD? udk,fudk,fwdkif odNyD qdkvdkY&SdvQif ckeupdwåol<u,fBuD;vdkaygh - ,HkMunfcsuf o'gw&m;oufoufjzifh bk&m;udkudk;uG,fqnf;uyfaewJhtqifh [kwfao;vm;¿ r[kwfawmhbl;/ todÓPfESifh udk;uG,fqnf;uyfwJhtqifhudk ul;roGm;bl;vm;¿ ul;oGm;NyD/

,HkMunfcsuf o'¨gw&m;ESifh todÓPf b,f'if;u ydkNyD; jrifhjrwfovJ¿ todÓPfu ydkjrifhjrwfw,faemf/

todÓPfu omvGefjrifhjrwfw,fqdkvQif (ckeu aqG;aEG;xm;w,f/ 'gaMumifh -) opömav;yg;udk rdrdudk,fwdkifu xGif;azmufodNyD;awmhrS bk&m;&Sifudk udk;uG,fqnf;uyfr,f ,HkMunfr,fqdkvQif xdk,HkMunfcsuf o'gw&m;onf ta0pöyÜom' - olwpfyg;wdkY vIyfacsmufcsm;vnf; vIyfacsmufvdkY &ao;vm;¿ vIyfacsmufvdkY r&awmhbl;/

tJ'Dtqifhxd a&mufatmif oifaqGrsKd;om;csif; rdwfaqGtaygif;wdkYusifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfMuygqdkNyD; wdkufwGef;w,f/ ork',opöm eda&m"opöm r*¾opömwdkYudkvnf; enf;wlyJ oabmaygufyg/

"ar® ta0pöyÜoma'e orEém*wm b0dómr ]oGmu©mawm"ar® ta0pöyÜoma'e orEém*wm b0dómr ]oGmu©mawm"ar® ta0pöyÜoma'e orEém*wm b0dómr ]oGmu©mawm"ar® ta0pöyÜoma'e orEém*wm b0dómr ]oGmu©mawm"ar® ta0pöyÜoma'e orEém*wm b0dómr ]oGmu©mawmb*0wm "ar®m oE´d|daum tumvdaum {[dyódaum Moy-b*0wm "ar®m oE´d|daum tumvdaum {[dyódaum Moy-b*0wm "ar®m oE´d|daum tumvdaum {[dyódaum Moy-b*0wm "ar®m oE´d|daum tumvdaum {[dyódaum Moy-b*0wm "ar®m oE´d|daum tumvdaum {[dyódaum Moy-ae,sdaum ypöwåH a0'dwaAÁm 0dnL[D}wd/ae,sdaum ypöwåH a0'dwaAÁm 0dnL[D}wd/ae,sdaum ypöwåH a0'dwaAÁm 0dnL[D}wd/ae,sdaum ypöwåH a0'dwaAÁm 0dnL[D}wd/ae,sdaum ypöwåH a0'dwaAÁm 0dnL[D}wd/

oGmu©mw tp ypöwåH a0'dwaAÁm 0dnL[d tqkH;&SdwJh w&m;*kPfawmf ajcmufyg;üvnf; rwkefrvIyfwJh o'¨gjzifh ,HkMunfaewJh o'¨gw&m;ESifh jynfhpHkatmif usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfMuyg/


oHaC ta0pöyÜoma'e orEém*wm b0dómr ]okyÜ#dyaEémoHaC ta0pöyÜoma'e orEém*wm b0dómr ]okyÜ#dyaEémoHaC ta0pöyÜoma'e orEém*wm b0dómr ]okyÜ#dyaEémoHaC ta0pöyÜoma'e orEém*wm b0dómr ]okyÜ#dyaEémoHaC ta0pöyÜoma'e orEém*wm b0dómr ]okyÜ#dyaEémb*0awm om0uoHaCm OZkyÜ#dyaEém b*0awm om0u-b*0awm om0uoHaCm OZkyÜ#dyaEém b*0awm om0u-b*0awm om0uoHaCm OZkyÜ#dyaEém b*0awm om0u-b*0awm om0uoHaCm OZkyÜ#dyaEém b*0awm om0u-b*0awm om0uoHaCm OZkyÜ#dyaEém b*0awm om0u-oHaCm Ó,yÜ#dyaEém b*0awm om0uoHaCm omrDpdyÜ#dyaEémoHaCm Ó,yÜ#dyaEém b*0awm om0uoHaCm omrDpdyÜ#dyaEémoHaCm Ó,yÜ#dyaEém b*0awm om0uoHaCm omrDpdyÜ#dyaEémoHaCm Ó,yÜ#dyaEém b*0awm om0uoHaCm omrDpdyÜ#dyaEémoHaCm Ó,yÜ#dyaEém b*0awm om0uoHaCm omrDpdyÜ#dyaEémb*0awm om0uoHaCm ,'d'H pwåm&d yk&do,k*ged t|b*0awm om0uoHaCm ,'d'H pwåm&d yk&do,k*ged t|b*0awm om0uoHaCm ,'d'H pwåm&d yk&do,k*ged t|b*0awm om0uoHaCm ,'d'H pwåm&d yk&do,k*ged t|b*0awm om0uoHaCm ,'d'H pwåm&d yk&do,k*ged t|yk&doyk*¾vm {o b*0awm om0uoHaCm tm[kaea,smyk&doyk*¾vm {o b*0awm om0uoHaCm tm[kaea,smyk&doyk*¾vm {o b*0awm om0uoHaCm tm[kaea,smyk&doyk*¾vm {o b*0awm om0uoHaCm tm[kaea,smyk&doyk*¾vm {o b*0awm om0uoHaCm tm[kaea,smyg[kaea,sm 'u©daPa,sm tÍÆvdu&PDa,m tEkwå&H ykn-yg[kaea,sm 'u©daPa,sm tÍÆvdu&PDa,m tEkwå&H ykn-yg[kaea,sm 'u©daPa,sm tÍÆvdu&PDa,m tEkwå&H ykn-yg[kaea,sm 'u©daPa,sm tÍÆvdu&PDa,m tEkwå&H ykn-yg[kaea,sm 'u©daPa,sm tÍÆvdu&PDa,m tEkwå&H ykn-au©wåH avmuóm}wd/au©wåH avmuóm}wd/au©wåH avmuóm}wd/au©wåH avmuóm}wd/au©wåH avmuóm}wd/

okyÜ#dyEé tp tEkwå&H yknau©wåH avmuó tqkH;&SdwJh oHCmh*kPfawmf udk;yg;tay:üvnf; rwkefrvIyf ouf0if,HkMunfaewJh o'gw&m;ESifh jynfhpHkatmif usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfMuygvdkY -'Dvdk wdkufwGef;w,f/ b,fESpfcsuf&SdNyDvJ oHk;csuf/ aemufqHk; av;csufajrmuf olu wdkufwGef;w,f/ --

,H,H,H,H,H acgacgacgacgacg ye udÍöd ukav a',s"r®H?ye udÍö d ukav a',s"r®H?ye udÍö d ukav a',s"r®H?ye udÍö d ukav a',s"r®H?ye udÍö d ukav a',s"r®H? oAÁH wH tyÜ#d0dbwåH b0d-oAÁH wH tyÜ#d0dbwåH b0d-oAÁH wH tyÜ#d0dbwåH b0d-oAÁH wH tyÜ#d0dbwåH b0d-oAÁH wH tyÜ#d0dbwåH b0d-ówd oDv0aEÅ[d uvsmP"ar®[Dwd/ówd oDv0aEÅ[d uvsmP"ar®[Dwd/ówd oDv0aEÅ[d uvsmP"ar®[Dwd/ówd oDv0aEÅ[d uvsmP"ar®[Dwd/ówd oDv0aEÅ[d uvsmP"ar®[Dwd/ {0H{0H{0H{0H{0H [d a0g odu©dwAÁH/[d a0g odu©dwAÁH/[d a0g odu©dwAÁH/[d a0g odu©dwAÁH/[d a0g odu©dwAÁH/

udÍö dudÍö dudÍö dudÍö dudÍö d ===== wpfpkHwpfckaom/ ukav =ukav =ukav =ukav =ukav = tdrfü/ ,H,H,H,H,H acgacgacgacgacg yeyeyeyeye a',s"r®a',s"r®a',s"r®a',s"r®a',s"r®HH HH H =====tMuifvSLzG,f0w¬Konf/ tw¬d =tw¬d =tw¬d =tw¬d =tw¬d = &Sd\/ oAÁHoAÁHoAÁHoAÁHoAÁH wHwHwHwHwH ===== xdkvSLzG,f0w¬Ktm;vkH;udk/ oDv0aEÅ[d =oDv0aEÅ[d =oDv0aEÅ[d =oDv0aEÅ[d =oDv0aEÅ[d = oDv&SdawmfrlMuukefaom/ uvsmP"ar®[d = uvsmP"ar®[d = uvsmP"ar®[d = uvsmP"ar®[d = uvsmP"ar®[d =aumif;aom w&m;"r®ESifh jynfhpkHawmfrlMuukefaom t&Sifaumif;t&SifjrwfwdkYESifh/ tyÜ#d0dbwåH = tyÜ#d0dbwåH = tyÜ#d0dbwåH = tyÜ#d0dbwåH = tyÜ#d0dbwåH = cGJjcm;a0zefrI r&Sdonf/ b0dówd b0dówd b0dówd b0dówd b0dówd===== jzpfvwåHU/ {0H = {0H = {0H = {0H = {0H = þodkYvQif/ a0g = a0g = a0g = a0g = a0g = oifwdkYwpfawGonf/ odu©dwAÁH odu©dwAÁH odu©dwAÁH odu©dwAÁH odu©dwAÁH===== usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwftyf\/

tdrfrSm&SdaewJh vSLzG,f0w¬K ypönf;pkawG &Sdw,f/ tJ'D vSLzG,f0w¬Kypönf;pkawGudkvnf;yJ oDv&SdwJh t&Sifaumif; t&SifjrwfawGESifh cGJjcm;a0zefrI rjyKbJESifh oHk;pGJr,fvdkY 'Dvdk usifh0wfudk aqmufwnfyg/


cGJjcm;a0zefw,fqdkwm 'Dypönf;uawmh vSLr,f? 'Dypönf;uawmhrvSLbl; csefxm;r,f? 'g cGJjcm;a0zefrI &Sdwm/ 'Dypönf;u om;twGuf?'Dypönf;u orD;twGuf? 'Dypönf;uawmh vSLr,f? 'DvdkqdkvQif cGJjcm;a0zefrI &Sdw,f/

]]tJ'Dvdk cGJjcm;a0zefrI rvkyfbJESifh tdrfrSm &SdaewJh ypönf;awGudkoHCduypönf;vdkY oabmxm;NyD; oDv&SdaewJh t&Sifaumif; t&SifjrwfawGESifh nDwlnDrQ oHk;pGJr,fqdkwJh pdwfxm;udk arG;jrLyg}} qdkNyD;awmhwdkufwGef;xm;w,f/

tx acg pdawåm *[ywd rdwåmrapö Ówdomavm[dawtx acg pdawåm *[ywd rdwåmrapö Ówdomavm[dawtx acg pdawåm *[ywd rdwåmrapö Ówdomavm[dawtx acg pdawåm *[ywd rdwåmrapö Ówdomavm[dawtx acg pdawåm *[ywd rdwåmrapö Ówdomavm[dawAka'¨ p "ar® p oHaC p pma* p orm'aywGm umvrumod/Aka'¨ p "ar® p oHaC p pma* p orm'aywGm umvrumod/Aka'¨ p "ar® p oHaC p pma* p orm'aywGm umvrumod/Aka'¨ p "ar® p oHaC p pma* p orm'aywGm umvrumod/Aka'¨ p "ar® p oHaC p pma* p orm'aywGm umvrumod/

tx acg =tx acg =tx acg =tx acg =tx acg = xdktcgü/ pdawåm *[ywd = pdawåm *[ywd = pdawåm *[ywd = pdawåm *[ywd = pdawåm *[ywd = pdwåol<u,f ausmif;'g,umBuD;onf/ rdwåmrapö = rdwåmrapö = rdwåmrapö = rdwåmrapö = rdwåmrapö = rdwfaqGwdkYudkvnf;aumif;/ Ówd- Ówd- Ówd- Ówd- Ówd-omavm[dawomavm[dawomavm[dawomavm[dawomavm[daw ===== aqGrsKd;om;csif;wdkYudkvnf;aumif;/ Aka'¨ Aka'¨ Aka'¨ Aka'¨ Aka'¨ p =p =p =p =p =bk&m;&Siftay:üvnf;aumif;/ "ar® p = "ar® p = "ar® p = "ar® p = "ar® p = w&m;awmfjrwfüvnf;aumif;/ oHaC p = oHaC p = oHaC p = oHaC p = oHaC p = oHCmawmfjrwfüvnf;aumif;/ pma* p = pma* p = pma* p = pma* p = pma* p =ay;urf; pGefYMuJjcif; pm*w&m;üvnf;aumif;/ orm'aywGm = orm'aywGm = orm'aywGm = orm'aywGm = orm'aywGm =aqmufwnfapNyD;í/ umvrumod = umvrumod = umvrumod = umvrumod = umvrumod = uG,fvGefcJhavNyD/

bk&m;rSm rwkefrvIyf ouf0if ,HkMunfjcif;ç w&m;awmfü rwkefrvIyfouf0if ,HkMunfjcif;ç oHCmrSm rwkefrvIyf ouf0if ,HkMunfjcif;çay;urf;pGefYBuJjcif; pm*w&m; - tJ'Dav;csufrSm aqmufwnfapNyD;wJhtcsdeftcg .. w&m;vnf;a[mNyD;a&m pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;vnf;uG,fvGefoGm;NyD/

uG,fvGefawmh b,fbHkb0 a&mufovJ¿ jA[®mhjynf a&mufw,f/b,fjA[®mhjynf a&mufw,fqdkwm twdtus r&Sdaomfvnf; a,bk,s


owfrSwfcsuft& bk&m;&SifomoemawmfrSm uG,fvGefoGm;wJh tem*grfyk*¾dKvftrsm;pkuawmh ok'¨g0gojA[®mhjynfyJ a&muf&SdMuygw,f/

bmhaMumifh pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;onf 'Dvdk tomqHk; tjrwfqHk;jzpfwJh tusKd;w&m;awGudk &&Sd&ovJ¿ --


(tH-1-344/)

t*¾"r®orm[dawm =t*¾"r®orm[dawm =t*¾"r®orm[dawm =t*¾"r®orm[dawm =t*¾"r®orm[dawm = tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh w&m;xl; w&m;jrwfESifh jynfhpkHonfjzpfí/ t*¾ó = t*¾ó = t*¾ó = t*¾ó = t*¾ó = tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh &wemokH;yg;tm;/ 'gwm = 'gwm = 'gwm = 'gwm = 'gwm = ay;vSLavh&Sdaom/ ar"m0D = ar"m0D = ar"m0D = ar"m0D = ar"m0D = ynm&SdwJh olawmfaumif;onf/ a'0gblawm 0g = a'0gblawm 0g = a'0gblawm 0g = a'0gblawm 0g = a'0gblawm 0g = ewfjzpfaomfvnf;aumif;/ rEkaóm rEkaóm rEkaóm rEkaóm rEkaóm0g = rEkóblawm 0g =0g = rEkóblawm 0g =0g = rEkóblawm 0g =0g = rEkóblawm 0g =0g = rEkóblawm 0g = vljzpfaomfvnf;aumif;/ t*¾yawåm = t*¾yawåm = t*¾yawåm = t*¾yawåm = t*¾yawåm =tomqkH; tjrwfqkH; jzpfwJh tusKd;w&m;okdY a&muf&Sd&onf jzpfí/yarm'wd =yarm'wd =yarm'wd =yarm'wd =yarm'wd = ESpfouf&Tifys 0rf;ajrmuf&ayownf;/ (om"k-om"k-om"k)

tomqHk; tjrwfqHk;jzpfwJh w&m;xl; w&m;jrwfawGESifhvnf; jynfhpHkw,f/ tomqHk; tjrwfqHk;jzpfwJh &wemoHk;yg;rSmvnf; vSL'gef;avh&SdwJhynm&Sdolawmfaumif; jzpfw,f/ 'DtaMumif; ESpfcsufaMumifh vljzpfcsifvnf; jzpfygapç ewfjzpfcsifvnf; jzpfygap tomqHk; tjrwfqHk; tusKd;w&m;awGudk &Edkifw,f? &NyD;awmh 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om aexdkif&w,f/

'DaeY w&m;emy&dowftaygif; olawmfaumif;wdkYvnf; ...pdwåol<u,f 'g,umBuD;udk twk,lNyD;awmh tomqHk; tjrwfqHk;

jzpfwJh w&m;xl; w&m;jrwfawGudk or®m'd|dÓPfynmjzifh udk,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifonfhwdkifatmif usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfEdkifMuygap...? tomqHk; tjrwfqHk;jzpfwJh &wemoHk;yg;

tm;vnf; ay;urf;vSL'gef; pGefYMuJEdkifMuygap...vdkY wdkufwGef;&if;jzifhuJ w&m;ed*Hk; csKyfMupdkY/

w&m;a'oemawmfed*Hk;

[dwGm umar yAÁZðok? oaEÅm *rÇD&pdEÅum/aw wkarSysEkodu©ma0Sg? yAÁZdwm okayovm/

oaEÅm = bk&m;tvsm yapöumESifh t&d,mEG,favmif; [dk..wdkYaU&Suolawmfaumif;wdkYonf/

*rÇD&pdEÅum = eufeJonfh "mwfoabmawGudk eufeJpGm MuHqif tMuHaumif; 0ifawmfrlMuukefonfjzpfí/

umar = a&S;ujyKzef ukodkvfuHwdkY pDrHaxmufr vufa&muf&om; rsm;vSZeD;onf BuD;BuD;i,fESifh ESD;EG,fa&m,ludk,fawmfwdkY ydkifoonfh umr0w¬KtpkpkwdkYudk/

[dwGm = igwdkYydkifjim; þumrw&m;wdkYonf trsm;ESifh qufqHab;awGu 0ef;&H &efawGu ajrmufjrm; wu,fudkaMumufvefYzG,fawGygwum;[k aMumuftm;awmfÓPf<u,f vGwfvGwfBuD; pGefYy,fawmfrlMuukefonfjzpfí/

yAÁZðok = C&m0go orÁm"[k udpörsm;ajrmif vlwdkYabmif 0#faESmifudk vGwfatmifMuHK;vsuf ½kef;uefxGufí ESpfouf&Tifvef; &Sif&[ef; jyKí awmxGufawmfrlMuavukefNyD/

wkarSyd = jrwfaeu©r® "mwftmo,[k qE´udef;atmif; oifolawmfaumif;wdkYonfvnf;yJ/


yAÁZdwm = 0w¬Kumr [lorQrS r&t& MuHK;vsuf ½kef;uef xGufMuukefonfjzpfí/

okayovm = pmr&Dom; NrD;zsm;ckHrif ykHtoGifodkY cspfcifav;jrwfESpfouftyfaom oDv udk,fpDudk,fi &SdMuukefonfjzpfí/

aw = xdkbk&m;tvsm yapöumESifh t&d,mEG,favmif; [dkwdkYaU&Su olawmfaumif;wdkYudk/

tEkodu©ma0Sg = twkvdkufum usifhwwf&mudk usifhumraoG ..tm;xkwfEdkifMuygapukefownf; .../

om"k om"k om"kygbk&m; . . .

²²²

w&m;a'oemawmfed*Hk; ] 457

rSwfom;zG,f&m tu©&mpOftñTef;

pmrsufESmpmrsufESmpmrsufESmpmrsufESmpmrsufESmtu©&mpOftu©&mpOftu©&mpOftu©&mpOftu©&mpOf pmrsufESmpmrsufESmpmrsufESmpmrsufESmpmrsufESmtu©&mpOftu©&mpOftu©&mpOftu©&mpOftu©&mpOf

] 459

««««« t »»»»»tukov0dyguf 296tudÍöe 417tud&d,'d|d 295tMunftwHk;tcJBuD; 111tcsif;csif; pm;jcif; zt*¾yÜom'okwåef 40t*¾da0óe 313tpdwåuumv 377tapvuóyokwåef 435tqif;ig;rsKd;&Sdaom yef;rkd; 65tqkH;tpr&Sd jzLaeatmif 143tZÑwåwpfvSnfh A[d'¨wpfvSnfh 126tZÑwå-A[d'¨ 48tZÑwåduMoZm 209tZÑmo,"mwf 181tndKa&mifuokdPf; 149tñTef;odkufpmajrykHawG 364t|dy#dulvH 130twåypöu©ÓPf 277tw¬*Fr 254tw¬y#dorÇd'gÓPf 44

twdwftaMumif;w&m;ig;yg; 67twGif;tZÑwådu"mwf 340twGif;tm,we 340txl;jcm;qHk;trSwftom; 152txufykdif; 0dyóemÓPfrsm; 317t'gey&dapä' 393ta'go Xç 221t"d*r 59t"d*rokw 9t"dpdwåokwåef 105ç 116t"d|me0oD 135t"d|med'd 353t"darmu© 221tewåa&mifjcnfawmf 187tewåvu©Pokwåef 309tewåvu©PokwåefrSm vm&SdwJh 0dyóem½IuGuf 306tewåvu©Pm xif&Sm;vmykH 297teEÅpMu0Vm 158ç 164teEÅH 0dnmPH 167teEkaAm"m 239



tem*grdr*fÓPf 14tedpövu©Pmxif&Sm;vmykH 298tedrdwåapawm0drkwåd 415tedrdwåzó 408teDCm 362teDa&mifuodkPf; 154tEkwå&oDwdbm0okwåef 105tEkwåa&m yk&do'r®om&xd 449tEky|merkÍöeawm 104tEky'"r®0dyóem 170tEky'okwåef 133tEkyÜg'eda&m" 12ç 235ç 266tEkykAÁawm 102tEkykAÁeda&m" 386tEkaAm"ÓPf 51tEkavmr 60ç 223tEkavmry#dpöorkyÜg'foabm- w&m; xif&Sm;vmyHk 274tEkodu©ma0Sg 457tEG*l #ty"me 252tyÜ#da0"m 239tyÜPd[dwzó 407tyÜempsmefpGrf;tm; 379tyÜemorm"d 115

tyÜrwåm e rD,EÅd 23tyÜrmPapawm0drkwåd 412ty&my&d,a0'eD,uH 53tjyiftm,we 341tjyif"mwf 341tyGifh"mwf tod"mwf 0dnmP"mwf 341tjzL tjzLvkdY pdwfu&GwfqdkrI 146tjzLa&miftwkH;tcJ 110taAÁm[m&du 406tAsmyg&enf; xif&Sm;vmykH 290tbdbm,wepsmef 88ç 139tbdocFg&w&m; 231trÁm#um&mr 69ç 331tjrwfqkH;w&m;ESifh jynfhpkHolqdkwm 330t&wdw&m; 414t&[wår*f&rnfhtcsdef 257t&[H 448t&d,mtEG,favmif; 457t½lyowåu0dyóem½IuGuf 58t½lyor®LV§yk*¾dKvf 79t½dk;pkur®|mef; 129ta&mifuodkPf;vrf; 88ç 127

rSwfom;zG,f&m tu©&mpOftñTef; ] 461


t&nf;rnfum? ,lrdpämü 27t&Sifumrblrax&f 359ç 375t&Sifa'0'wf 30t&SifydvdE´0pä rax&fBuD; 354t&Sifr[memrrax&fjrwf 322t&Sifr[marm*¾v’mef 390t&Sifom&dykwå&m 169tavmb 221tvif;a&mifuodkPf; 161tvkwftavG;rjyKtyfaomfvnf; jyKtyfouJhokdYaom 207tvSL&Sifbufu jynfhpkH&rnfh t*Fg&yf 42t0o0wåew¬ 294t0ga&mifuodkPf; 153t0dZÆm 250t0dnmPutokb 130t0Dpdi&J Xta0pöyÜoma'e 450tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwf 14tocFw"mwf edAÁmef 268toxuft eoxufe Xtoar®m[ y#da0" 308todpdwf 220todÓPfuydkjrifhjrwf 442

tolwpf&meufaomacsmuf103

«««««tm»»»»»tmumotMum;tayguf 174tmumouodkPf; 162tmumo"mwf 113tmumomeÍöm,wepsmef 163tmudÍönm apawm0drkwåd 413tmudÍönm,wepsmef 167tm*rokw 9tmayguodkPf; 158tmaygaum|mo (12)ck 125tmayg"mwf (2) rsKd; 91tmAE¨ebm0 91tmbkZdw ¡tm,wea'oem 319ç 326tm,we'Gg&0aoe 217tm,we (12)yg; 73ç 227tm,kocFg& 382tm&'¨0dyóuyk*¾dKvf 306tm&r®Py#da0" 13ç 308tmavmuuodkPf; 161tm0ZÆe0oD 135tmoa0gukefNyD;wJh 314tmoa0gw&m;wdkY\ tm½kH 48



tm[m&ZMoZm 205tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfrsm;ukd odrf;qnf;ykH 203

««««« £ »»»»»£ZÑdówd 36£a`E´ig;yg; 106ç 312£&d,mykxf av;yg;vHk; 94£ó&d, 449£od'wårax&f 341

««««« OOOOO »»»»»Oapä''d|dBuD; 284OPSbm0 91Owå&drEkó"r® 436OwkZMoZ|ru½kyfuvmyfukd odrf;qnf;ykH 199OwkZMoZm 205O',AÁ,ÓPf 178O',AÁ, ESpfrsKd; 249Oyuúdavomavmu 116Oypm& 223Oypm&orm"d 115Oyw¬rÇutaMumif; 288Oy"d0dywåd 53

Oy"dorÜwåd 53Oyedó, 69ç 70OyyZÆa0'eD,uH 53OyÜ#dyg#duokwåef 430OyÜg'eda&m" 254Oyg'ged, 451Oyg'g½kyf 189Oyg'g½kyfrsm;ukd odrf;qnf;ykH 188Oyg'f-XD-bif 304Oyg'gef 251ç 315Oygoum Oygodumr 324Ob,-or®LV§yk*¾dKvf 81Oo®m ac:wJh udk,faiGU 399

««««« { »»»»»{u*¾wm 220{upä&u©aP 347{uwåenf; 282{ua'oawm 85{w'*fbGJUxl; &&Sdjcif; 332{w'*f&mxl; 332{wH oEÅH {wH yPDwH 170{0H"r®wmenf; xif&Sm;vmykH294{nfha*[m 19



««««« Mo »»»»»MoZm = tqDtap; 192MowåyÜ 221Mo'gwuodkPf; 139Mobmookwåef 114MoVm&du 48atmufpzdkY (Oxford) 382

««««« u »»»»»uu©VH rk'kuH ... 91uukoE¨jrwfpGmbk&m; 391upömea*gwåokwåef 277uw¬LpuúLcsyf 162ur®óuwmor®m'd|d 10uAVDum&tm[m& 206urÇmwpfodef;c&D; 63urÇmaygif; 52ur®ZMoZm 205ur®Z½kyf 192ur®0#f 250ur®óuwm or®m'd|d 8u&GwfacGav;wpfck 354uvva&Munftcdkuf 229uvsmP"r® 443uóyjrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif 63

uodPmavmu 115uokdPf;0ef;ukd jzefYMuufyg 143umr 449umr (11)bkH 346um,ur®nwm 222um,'ouuvmyfudk odrf;qnf;ykH 197um,'Gg& 195um,yó'd 222um,yg*knwm 222um,rk'kwm 222um,v[kwm 222um,ocFg& 369ç 371um,duokc 428um,kZkuwm 222um&Zum, 372umv0dywådç umvorÜwåd 53udpöCe 187udpöod'dtm;jzihf 14udÍöe 417ud&d, 47udavo0#f 250udavomtylrD; 268uka#wpfodef; 300uka#aygif;rsm;pGm 52



uka#-5000-ausmf 300ukodem½kHNrdKU 266ul#m*g&okwåef xç 176aumif;uifuodkPf; 162aumif;uifynwf 166ukefoG,frI ig;rsKd; 244uH 252uHqdk;r oGm;&m rdk;vdkufvkdY&Gm 18uHwdkY\pGrf;tif 85uðokaumyr 78usm;ac:wJh opfom; 96usKdu©rD 261Murf;rIoabm 95

««««« c »»»»»cPi,fokH;yg; 304cPawm O',AÁ, 249cPypöKyÜef 281cPdutm;jzifh 58cEy&dedAÁmeH 266cE¨0*¾oH,kwf 450cE¨okwåef 450cE¨mig;yg;enf; 80c½koif;yGwfopfESifhtwl wacgif;[kdbuf bmrQr&Sd 291

cHpm;oluwjcm; 285csufwpfjzKwf 299

««««« * »»»»»**Fgjrpfurf;yg; 158*wypöm*wdu0wf 60*wd0dywåd 53*wdorÜwåd 53*'´KvA'¨okwf !*E¨ = *E¨m½kH = teHY 191*rÇD&pdEÅum 456*g0DOyrmokwåef 135*dvme'óeokwåef aemufykdif; 443*dvme'óeokwåefa&SUydkif; 31a*gMwbk 60ç 223a*g'wåokwåef 411

««««« C »»»»»Ceac:wJh 185C&m0go orÁm" 456Cme'Gg& 194ç 213

««««« i »»»»»ig;yd[m &HG&SmpufqkyfzG,f 139



««««« p »»»»»pu©K'ouuvmyfukd odrf;qnf;ykH 196pu©K'Gg& 194ç 196pu©K0dnmPf 218pum;xm *gxm 360pMu0aw;rif;BuD; 33pwkuúenf; 396pwkw¬psmef 148pwkopöÓPf wpwkopöor®m'd|d 9pwkork|meduMoZm 205p&PrsKd;aph 62pm*w&m; 454pmr&Dom; NrD;zsm;ckHrif 457pdwåur®nwm 222pdwåZMoZ|ru½kyfuvmyfukd odrf;qnf;ykH 198pdwåZMoZm 205pdwåed,mr 83pdwåyÜ#dA' 374pdwåocFg& 370ç 371ç 373pdwåowkdYom; 68pdwåokwåef #pdwåol<u,ftavmif; 39

pdwåol<u,f\ *kPf&nf 36pdwåol<u,f\ yg&rDc&D; 39pdwåol<u,fb0 68pdwåol<u,f bk&m;zl;xGufjcif; 323pdwåol<u,f&JU 0dyóem 318pdwåoH,kwf 332pdwåKZkuwm 222apwem 220apwoduokc 428apwd,awmif 129apawmyPd"d 36apawm0drkwådw&m;av;yg; 411pdwf"mwf\pGrf;tif #pdwf"mwfu b,fbufudk ñGwfudkif;½dIif;aeygovJ¿408pdwf"mwfukd jyKjyifajymif;vJay;yg ¡

««««« q »»»»»qE´ 221qaEém0g'okwåef 311qd*¾V,k*okwf yqifpG,fyGwform; 171q,fyg; ynwf 21



««««« Z »»»»»ZeutaMumif; 288ZvHkayguf 160Zmwd'ku© 261Zd0Sg'Gg& 194ZD0dw 192ç 220aZw0efausmif;wdkuf 325aZm 218

««««« ps »»»»»psme0dbif; 320psmeor®m'd|d 10psmeft*Fg ig;yg; 134psmefpdwf 223psmefemrfw&m;awGukd odrf;qnf;ykH 218psmeform"d 131psmef (8)yg; 172

««««« Ú »»»»»ÓPw&m; 57Ów+ÓP ESpfrsKd;vkH; 318Óww&m; 57Ówy&dnmpcef; 233ÓyutaMumif; 45

aÚ,s"rfw&m; ig;yg; 448ÓPftvGefxufjrufol 77ÓPfwnf;[laom vuf 94ÓPfynmrsufpd 419ÓPfa&mifqdkwm bmvJ ¿ 114

««««« w »»»»»wuúwGef;BuD; 435wPSm 251wwd,psmef 147wMwrZÑwåwm 222ç 428w'g½Hk 218w&m;*kPfawmf ajcmufyg; 452w&m;a'oemawmfed*Hk; 456w&m;"r®\ tvkdEkdifiH !w&m;&wem 42w½kP0dyóemÓPf 306wm0umvdu 303wdu©yn0g 80wdw¬m,we okwåef 53ç 264ç 270ç 275awaZmuodkPf; 159ç 356awaZm"mwfESifh MoZmwkdYrS ESpfcGESpfcG yGm;ykH 209awaZm"mwf (2) rsKd; 91



awblruur®|meduyk*¾dKvf 78awmifndKawmifwef; 261wpfpdwfwpfa'otm;jzifh 85wpfzef 'ku©opöm xif&Sm;vmyHk 271wefcdk;ay:xif ukodkvf&Sif 18wefzdk;&SdwJhb0wpfckjzpfatmif BudK;pm;yg 5wGef;uefrIoabm 93

««««« x »»»»»xderd'¨0daem'etmavmu 114xl;uJaom wefcdk;jym#d[m 324xl;jcm;wJh a&S;qkawmif; 65axmywf EdkYCemqGrf; 351axmufuefrIoabm 96xrf;ykd; A

««««« ' »»»»»'gembd&w 75ç 330'd|"r®a0'eD,uH 53'd|"r®okc0d[m& 118ç 380'd|d0dok'dpcef; 174'd|KZkuwm 8'dAÁpu©KtbdnmPf 123

'ku©vu©Pm xif&Sm;vmykH 301'ku©opömw&m; 385'ku©opöm xif&Sm;vmykH 260'kwd,£od'wåokwåef 343'kwd,umrblokwåef 367'kwd,qd*¾V,k*okwf A'kwd,psmef 145'k-o-e-aom qkdwJh 22'l& 48a'oemawmfpOftwdkif;½Iyg 100a'gPrwåm 262a'go 413a'gif;NrD;av; 436'defcJ 295j'0bm0 = y*¢&Pvu©Pm 91'Gg& (6)yg; 182

««««« " »»»»»"r® 449"r®uxdu 43ç 441"r®pMumokwf 450"r® ESifh t"r® 6"r®y#dorÇd'gÓPf 49"r®ylZm r"r®0de, omoemawmf y



"r®o*FPDygVdawmf 90"r®mbd&w 75ç 330ç 333"r®m,we 81ç 227"mwkemewå 340"mwkreodum&vrf; 88"mwk0db*Fokwåef 89ç 165"mwfur®|mef; 88ç 174ç 180"mwfur®|mef; tusOf;enf; 89"mwfBuD; (4)yg;wdkY&JU oabmobm0 90"mwf (18)yg; 81

««««« e »»»»»emwdoPduawm 103emwdoDCawm 102emewåenf; xif&Sm;vmykH 286ememu©Pduur® 51ememA'¨t0daumye 388ç 390emr½lyy&dapä'ÓPf 228emr½ly00w¬me = emrf½kyfukd ykdif;jcm;rSwfom;jcif; 226em;wefqm 361ed*P²em#ykwåokwåef 421edpöxm0& w&m;oabm 267ed'geuxm - rdwfqufvTm #

ed'ge0*¾oH,kwf 282edAÁwåu taMumif; 45edAÁmeH y&rH okcH 431edAÁmef 45edaAÁ"bm*d,ukov 70edrdwåokwåef 116ed,rdw ¡ed,smeduw&m;aumif; 176ed½kwådy#dorÇd'gÓPf 56eda&m" 254eda&m"opöm 13ç 262eda&m"ormywåd0dyóem 386eda&m"ormywf 367ç 380eda&m"ormywfudk b,fvdkqdkufoGm;ovJ 394eda&m"ormywfrS xykH 402eda&m"ormywf&JU tajccHtaMumif; 172eda&m"ormywfrStx a&S;OD;pGmjzpfaomocFg& 403eda&m" (3) rsKd; 265eda&m"medoHo 124eDvuodkPf;y&durf 140eD0&PtnpftaMu; 139aev*F-qdkwm 361



ae0onmemonm,we 169aemifwpfzef rjzpfaom csKyfjcif; 259enf;av;yg; xif&Sm;vmykH 282emrfw&m;udk odrf;qnf;ykH 217emrfoabm 83EGm;wif;ukyf 351EGm;EdkY 86ç 295EGm;owfa,mufsm; 183ç 184aEGvzGJU*gxm 2

««««« y »»»»»y*kPjzpfaomf 127ypö,taMumif; 288ypö,awm O',AÁ, 249ypö,awm 0,'óeÓPf 12ypö,y&d*¾[ÓPf 65ç 84ç 229ypö,orÇLw 45ypö,okwåef 282ypöa0u©PmaZm 378ypöa0u©Pm0oD 136yqpf'l;0ef; 68yÍö*¾ ZeD;armifESH 79yÍö'Gg&m0ZÆe 218yÍö0*¾D 68ç 306

yÍöa0gum&bHk 346ynm 222ynmpu©K 419ynmr*¾ifESpfyg; 246yO§m0g&Oyedó,ypönf; 156y#dulvreodum&71ç 88ç 127y#dCw&m; 414y#dpöorkyÜEéw&m;rsm; xif&Sm;vmykH 279y#dpöorkyÜEé"r® 281y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;rsm; xif&Sm;vmyHk 274y#dyg#dtm;jzifh 58y#dyDVem0aAm"awm 301y#dbmey#dorÇd'gÓPf 56y#davmry#dpöorkyÜg'foabm w&m; xif&Sm;vmyHk 275y#d0dyóem 12y#da0" 51y#docFgÓPf 60y#dorÇd'gÓPf 43y#dorÇd'gÓPfoefY&Sif;zdkY&ef taMumif;w&m;ig;rsKd; 59y#dorÇd'gr*¾ygVdawmf 54y|mef;a'oemawmf 156



yPÖwådorwduúreawm 104yPDw 48ywd½lya'ot&yfü ¡yxr£od'wåokwåef 339yxrumrblokwåef 359yxraum#d*grokwåef 239yxraumovokwåef 142yxrqd*¾V,k*okwf yyxrpsmef - psmeft*Fgig;yg; 144yxrm½kyÜ0dnmPf 413yx0DuodkPf; 156yx0Daum|mo (20) 125yx0D"mwf (6) rsKd; 91y'krkwå&bk&m;&Sif 43y'krkwå&bk&m;&SifESifh pdwåol<u,ftavmif; 39y"metaMumif; 252y"med,*Fw&m; ig;yg; 175y,wå 449ya,m*0dywåd 53ya,m*orÜwåd 53y&rtwå&JU tvkd 293y&rw¬w&m; 77y&rw¬rÍÆLom 209y&rw¬opöme,f 338

y&rwfÓPfynmrsufpd 184y&dur®orm"d 115y&dur®mavmu 115y&duH 223y&dnmynm oHk;csuf 236y&dPmrdw ¡y&dedAÁmepkwdpdwf&JUaemuf 235y&dykpäm 60y&d,wåd 59y&d,m,fwl pum;vkH;rsm; 254y0wådtaMumif; 252yom'½kyf 111yg*bm00d'Hombm0g0pädEéH 302yd#uwfokH;ykH 361yd,*Fk'Dy qdkwJh vdkPf*l 390yDwuodkPf;y&durf 140yDwd 221ykcufESifh acgif;tMum; 291ykyæq×u 138ykAÁudpö (4) yg; 388ykAÁa,m* 60ylrIoabmç at;rIoabm 98ydkaejrJ usm;aejrJ 16ayg&mPmp&d, 57aygufyGifhtqif; 406



yef;rdIufoGef 138yHokulouFef; 64aysmhrI acsmrI ayghrIoabm 97jymom'faqmif xajymif;jyefa[mwJh y#dpöorkyÜg'f 278

««««« z »»»»»zvor®m'd|d 14zvormywf 378zó 220zób,fESpfrsKd;u awGUxdygovJ¿ 406azPyd@Lyrokwåef 347azm|AÁm½kH 213zefqif;&SifuJhokdYaom 291zGJUpnf;rIoabm 98

««««« A »»»»»A[d'¨t½dk;pkaum|mo 136A[lyum&w&m; 409AmvtrI 'kp&dw[lonf 16AmvykxkZef 184AdrÁdom&rif; 354aAmZÑ*Fokwåef 106

aAmZÑ*F (7) yg; 108aAm"d 108ç 176aAm"dr@dKif 267aAm"d&mZukrm&okwåef 176Asmyg& uif;onf 297jA[®pdk&fw&m;av;yg; 413

««««« b »»»»»b00daoomedoHo 124b0ifraemtMunf"mwf qdkwm bmvJ¿ 132bm0½kyf 193bmodww¬ 46bmok&½ly 117bdu©KeDr 324bk&m;&wem 42bk&m;ocif\&ifcGifawmfrSm 291bkd;bdk;BuD; 27bifukdvnf; 256bkef;ajcmufvD 449

««««« r »»»»»r*¾or®m'd|d 13rCa'0 18ç 21ç 29rpädumo@ 68ç 324



rpifbifusKH;orm; 138rZÑdryPÖmoygVdawmf 176rZÑdr½kpd 81r'dwocFg& 73reodum& 220reodum&aumov’ (10)yg; 102rem,we 81raem'Gg& 195ç 213raem'Gg&m0ZÆef; 223raem0dan,sw&m; 191rjzpfpzl; tOD;topf 440r&PEÅdu a0'em 32r&PmoEéaZm 229rv’urax&fjrwfBuD; 129r[uyg#d[m&d,okwåef 351r[mtóyk&okwåef 173r[ma*gygvu 215ç 240r[mwdó rax&fjrwfBuD; 129r[mem* rax&fBuD;&JUxHk; 388r[memr rax&f 68ç 69r[med'geokwåef 236r[mbkwf 190r[m&m[kavm0g' okwåef 89ç 113ç 165

r[mowdy|meokwåef 320r[m[w¬dya'gyrokwåef 89rm*"wkdif; 68rm,m 177ç 423rm&wZÆeD,okwåef 390rdpämtmZD0 243rdrdwkdY\pdwfukd þokdY qifjcifay;yg !rD;uodkPf; 159rD;jyorm; wGif;uRHrSm;odkY 28rkÍödwkurswmÓPf 60rlvwef; 445arwåm"mwf Xar;cGef;wpf&yf 138rif;BuD;-rif;uav; 27ajruodkPf; 156

««««« , »»»»»,rutm;jzifh 58,o 449,k*e'¨ 386,kdpD;rIoabm 99a, yrwåm ,xm rwm 23,kHrSm;jcif; 0dpdudpäm 314



««««« & »»»»»&weokwf 1ç 364&o = &om½kH = t&om 191½lyu©E¨mü O',udk tus,f½IyGm;enf; 249½lyu©E¨mü 0,ukd tus,f½IyGm;enf; 253½lyedAÁwådyóemum& 215½ly0d&m*bm0em 164½ly-or®LV§yk*¾dKvf 80½lyg0p&jA[®mbHk 346a&uodkPf; 158½kyfuvmyf 82ç 180½kyfuvmyfawG&JU tydkif;tjcm; 174½kyfw&m; (44)rsKd; 165½kyfemrfukd yl;wGJodrf;qnf;yg224½kyf-emrfrQom &Sd\ 226a&S;a&S;bk&m;&SifwdkY\omoemü BudwfajccJhzl;aom 73&Spfrif;y,f 326a&Twd*HkapwD 156

««««« v »»»»»vu©Pawm 105

vu©Pmig;yg;xif&Sm;vmykH 296vl0wfaMumif Oygoum 364avuodkPf; 160av;rIoabm 96avmu0d'l 449avmuDt&d,opömav;yg; 240avmuDpwkopöor®m'd|d 10avmuDr*¾opöm 13ç 271avmuDopömav;yg; xif&Sm;vmyHk 259avmuDormywf 172ç 368avmukwå&mpwkopöor®m'd|d 10avmukwå&mr*¾ifvrf; 242avm[ukrÇDi&J 22avm[dwuodkPf;y&durf 140vdyfcJyrm? jrJjrHpGmvsuf? 29vHk;vHk;toufr½SLbl; 153

««««« 0 »»»»»0pDocFg& 369ç 3710¥opöm 2400PÖ = ½lyg½kH 1900PdZÆmokwåef 2440, 2540oDabmfig;wef 135



0ga,muodkPf; 1600ga,m"mwf (2) rsKd; 920dau©yy#dAm[eawm 1030dpm& 2210dZÆmp&PorÜEé 4480dZÆm"kd&fa,mufsm; 270dZÆmrsKd;aph 620dnmPÍöm,wepsmef 1670dw¬rÇebm0 920dwuf 2210dy&dPmrvu©Pm 2560dyv’mo\pGrf;tif 240dyóem\tajcyg'upsmef1730dyóemukodkvfaZmESifh t&[wår*f 2590dyóemqkdwm bmvJ¿ 2380dyóemedoHo 1190dyóemydkif; r*¾if (8) yg; 2470dyóemor®m'd|d 110dyóem oHk;rsKd; 3840dyóaembmo 1160dygu 460dygufawmf q,fhESpfyg; 870dbif;ygVdawmf 500darmu©psmef 139

0d0¥opöm 2400da0uvdkY ac:qdktyfwJh 4090d[ðo 4130Dxdrkwfpdwf 2270D&d, 2210k|me0oD 1360ka|m 218a0'em 220a0omvD 3

««««« o »»»»»oOyg'daooedAÁmef 265ouúm,'d|d 344ou'g*grdr*fÓPf 14ocFwvu©Pokwåef 279ocFwvu©Pm xif&Sm;vmykH 303ocFg&y&d*¾PSeu 0dyóem384ocFg&oHk;rsKd; 370ocFg½kayu©mÓPf 60opöuy&dAkdZfBuD; 312opömav;yg;wkdYukd xkd;xGif;od&efusifhpOf 77opömav;yg; xif&Sm;vmyHk 248opdwåu umv 377



oÍÆD0 rax&f 390ç 406onm 220onma0',dw eda&m"ormywf 375oP²mefj'yf 318owå|meukovokwåef 381oww0d[m& 381owåonm 185ow¬m a'0rEkóme 449ow¬Kyauúmoe 392owd 221owdjyK&ef 181ç 135owdorÜZOfÓPf 110o'´a0g[m& obm0ed½kwåd 56o'¨g 221o'¨g-oDvjynfhpkHolqdkwm 328oEÅwdCe 186oEÅdu 48oEÅdokc tNidrf;"mwf 380oEÅD&P 218oyÜdyg,mo 351oAÁpdwåom"m&P 376obm0vu©Pm xif&Sm;vmykH 301orx,meduyk*¾dKvf 89

orÜ#dpäd Kif; 218orÜmyutaMumif; 45or®mtmZD0 243or®mur®EÅ 243or®m'd|d wç 8or®m0gpm 242or®morÁK'¨ Aç 448oar®m[0daem'eD 51ç 233orm"d\ tusKd;*kPftif 118orm"deda'´o&JUaemufqG,f 118orm"dr*¾if oHk;yg; 246orm"d0dyæm& 392ç 406ormyZÆe0oD 135ormywådAv 406ormywf (8)yg; 172orkwdopöme,f 338ork',opöm 50ç 259ç 385ork'gpm& ¡ork'D&Pbm0 92orl[Ce 187o,rÇLÓPfjzifh 448o0e 59o0d*¾[ 318oów'd|d 290oVm,we0dbwdå 71ç 321



omaX,s 177ç 423omrnzvokwå 320om0w¬d 324ç 325omoemyw&m;awGvkdY 173omo0 451oDwbm0 91oDvr*¾if (3)yg; 242oD[dkVfuRef; 129okckr 48ok*w 448oknw = "mwfur®|mef; 127oknwzó 407oknwm apawm0drkwåd 414ok'¨0dyóem,meduyk*¾dKvf 89ok'¨g0gojA[®mhjynf 455okayovm 457olawmfcsif;csif; 345olrsm;tajymESifhomvGrf;ae 179aou©y#dorÇd'gÓPf 74ao&manmifapmif; 443aoolESifh eda&m"ormywf 0ifpm;olwdkY xl;jcm;csuf 397

aoolESifh raool 21aomw'Gg& 194ç 212aomwmywådr*fÓPf 14oHcdwå½kpd 80oHCy#drmee 392oHC&u©dwrax&fjrwfBuD; 129oHCm&wem 42oHCm&JUtrdefY 392oHCmh*kPfawmf 453oHa,mZeokwåef 335oHa,mZed,"r® 334ç 336oHa,mZOf 334ç 336okH;q,fhESpfaum|mo 70ç 125

««««« [ »»»»»[w¬dygvZmwfawmf 158[',0w¬K½kyf 198[d&d 221[De 48a[wktaMumif; 288a[wkzvH 44[kdb0 [kdukd,fcH 285

²²²

]]r®'ge}} -...

Documents