rfid tags
DESCRIPTION
Here are the slides of my talk at cf.Objective (ANZ) 2012TRANSCRIPT
RFID Tags
Friday, 2 November 12
• Overview of RFID Based Systems
RFID Tags
Friday, 2 November 12
• Overview of RFID Based Systems
• Examples of the types Tags available
RFID Tags
Friday, 2 November 12
• Overview of RFID Based Systems
• Examples of the types Tags available
• How certain types of RFID Tags work
RFID Tags
Friday, 2 November 12
• Overview of RFID Based Systems
• Examples of the types Tags available
• How certain types of RFID Tags work
• Examples of Applications of RFID systems
RFID Tags
Friday, 2 November 12
About Me
Friday, 2 November 12
using Flash Remoting/BlazeDS with Coldfusion as the middleware to database servers
manufactures RFID Tags and RFID readers
• Chris Velevitch
About Me
Friday, 2 November 12
using Flash Remoting/BlazeDS with Coldfusion as the middleware to database servers
manufactures RFID Tags and RFID readers
• Chris Velevitch
• Flex Developer
About Me
Friday, 2 November 12
using Flash Remoting/BlazeDS with Coldfusion as the middleware to database servers
manufactures RFID Tags and RFID readers
• Chris Velevitch
• Flex Developer
• Magellan Technology, Sydney
About Me
Friday, 2 November 12
using Flash Remoting/BlazeDS with Coldfusion as the middleware to database servers
manufactures RFID Tags and RFID readers
What are RFID Systems?
Friday, 2 November 12
Radio Frequency Identification Systems use radio-frequency electromagnetic fields to transfer data from a device attached to an object. "
• RFID - Radio Frequency Identification
What are RFID Systems?
Friday, 2 November 12
Radio Frequency Identification Systems use radio-frequency electromagnetic fields to transfer data from a device attached to an object. "
• RFID - Radio Frequency Identification
• Uses Radio Waves to transfer Identity Data
What are RFID Systems?
Friday, 2 November 12
Radio Frequency Identification Systems use radio-frequency electromagnetic fields to transfer data from a device attached to an object. "
• RFID - Radio Frequency Identification
• Uses Radio Waves to transfer Identity Data
• Tags are physically attached to some object that needs to be identified/tracked
What are RFID Systems?
Friday, 2 November 12
Radio Frequency Identification Systems use radio-frequency electromagnetic fields to transfer data from a device attached to an object. "
Aspects of RFID Tags
Friday, 2 November 12
There are many things to take into consideration when designing an RFID based system.
There are quite a few of them, but some of them are mutually exclusive.
• Active vs Passive
Aspects of RFID Tags
Friday, 2 November 12
Active means it has it's own power source, whereas passive gets its power from the interrogator
• Active vs Passive• Static vs Dynamic vs Updatable
Aspects of RFID Tags
Friday, 2 November 12
Apart from it's unique ID, the data sent with ID is either:-
1) always the same2) is different each time it is read3) or it has been changed at some stage
• Active vs Passive• Static vs Dynamic vs Updatable• Long Range vs Short Range
Aspects of RFID Tags
Friday, 2 November 12
The distance between the object and the interrogator.
Distances can range from 1 cm to 300 Km
• Active vs Passive• Static vs Dynamic vs Updatable• Long Range vs Short Range• Proximity (of the tags)
Aspects of RFID Tags
Friday, 2 November 12
If tagged objects are physically close together
This has an impact on how many tags per second can be read which has an impact on the type of reader and type of tag needed
this can range from < 1 a sec to 300 per sec
• Active vs Passive• Static vs Dynamic vs Updatable• Long Range vs Short Range• Proximity Based (of the objects)• Frequency
Aspects of RFID Tags
Friday, 2 November 12
The frequency of the Radio Waves. They can range from 120kHz (HF) to 10 GHz (microwave)
the distance between the object and interrogator determines the frequency at which the data is transmitted before the RF signal is too weak to detect
Radio waves weaken at a rate inversely proportional to the square of the distance (1/(d**2))
• Active vs Passive• Static vs Dynamic vs Updatable• Long Range vs Short Range• Proximity Based (of the objects)• Frequency• Command and Control
Aspects of RFID Tags
Friday, 2 November 12
There is the expectation that reading or listening for a tag creates a side-effect in that something happens as a result
• Active vs Passive• Static vs Dynamic vs Updatable• Long Range vs Short Range• Proximity Based (of the objects)• Frequency• Command and Control• Interrogator talks first vs device talks first
Aspects of RFID Tags
Friday, 2 November 12
communication is initiated by the interrogator or the device
With passive tags, device talks first is no longer used today because in the earlier techniques of design and manufacturing of the IC’s used couldn’t packed into a small enough space the complex circuits needed for the sophisticated handshaking and control of the tags
Detailed reasons to follow
• Active vs Passive• Static vs Dynamic vs Updatable• Long Range vs Short Range• Proximity Based (of the objects)• Frequency• Command and Control• Interrogator talks first vs device talks first• Amount of Data Required
Aspects of RFID Tags
Friday, 2 November 12
The amount of data the device needs to store is dependent on the application requirements and data capacities available
They range from 1-bit to 64kb
• Active vs Passive• Static vs Dynamic vs Updatable• Long Range vs Short Range• Proximity Based (of the objects)• Frequency• Command and Control• Interrogator talks first vs device talks first• Amount of Data Required• Cost
Aspects of RFID Tags
Friday, 2 November 12
of the tag and the interrogator/reader
The interrogators or readers are generally more expensive than the tags and cost of tags start at few cents each to a few 100 dollars
there are cases in which the tags can be 10’s of 1000’s of dollars each
the cost of the readers can range from 100’s of dollars to millions
The data
Friday, 2 November 12
If tags are sourced from multiple manufacturers, the manufacturer code is needed because it is possible have 2 or more tags with the same unique identifier.
optional user written data such as serial numbers, part numbers, locations, expiry dates, descriptions, lot numbers, etc
• Manufacturer Code
The data
Friday, 2 November 12
If tags are sourced from multiple manufacturers, the manufacturer code is needed because it is possible have 2 or more tags with the same unique identifier.
optional user written data such as serial numbers, part numbers, locations, expiry dates, descriptions, lot numbers, etc
• Manufacturer Code
• Fixed unique identifier
The data
Friday, 2 November 12
If tags are sourced from multiple manufacturers, the manufacturer code is needed because it is possible have 2 or more tags with the same unique identifier.
optional user written data such as serial numbers, part numbers, locations, expiry dates, descriptions, lot numbers, etc
• Manufacturer Code
• Fixed unique identifier
• Optionally, object specific information
The data
Friday, 2 November 12
If tags are sourced from multiple manufacturers, the manufacturer code is needed because it is possible have 2 or more tags with the same unique identifier.
optional user written data such as serial numbers, part numbers, locations, expiry dates, descriptions, lot numbers, etc
Examples of tags
Friday, 2 November 12
So what to tags look like?
Active tag
Examples of tags
Friday, 2 November 12
So what to tags look like?
Active tag
Examples of tags
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Semi-passive or battery assisted. On board battery is used to power everything except the antenna so all received power can be used for transmitting back the signal which will be stronger than passive tags
Examples of tags
Friday, 2 November 12
Implantable Passive tag
Examples of tags
Friday, 2 November 12
1-bit passive tag
Examples of tags
Friday, 2 November 12
This is a different type of 1-bit passive tag
Examples of tags
Friday, 2 November 12
Passive tag
Examples of tags
Friday, 2 November 12
Examples of tags
Friday, 2 November 12
These chips are designed to be extremely low power and contain control logic to control power consumption, to send data and how much, to be silent
Examples of tags
Tag Type GPT8 GPL5 MDT3 LMP7 MAG5 DIA4 DOC3 CC2.5 CC5Speci!cationsNominal Label Dimensions 26.9mm dia 16 x 50mm - 42 x 47mm 19 x 51mm 30 x 76mm 26 x 66mm 54 x 85mm 50 x 80mmAntenna Dimensions 25 dia 14 x 48mm 31 x 41mm 39.45 x 44.40mm 16 x 48mm 27 x 73mm 20 x 60mm 45 x 76mm 45 x 76mmTurns 8 5 3 7 5 4 3 2.5 5Minimum Separation
1.5mm 1.0mm 0.1mm 3.0mm 1.0mm 1.8mm 0.1mm 1.0mm 4.0mmField StrengthA/m RMS 3.10 3.50 3.00 0.91 3.00 1.50 3.30 1.30 0.54 Applications Gaming
TokensGaming Plaques
Document Tracking Paper
Multi-purpose Insight maga-zine reader
Diamond Tracking
Document Tracking Paper
Document Tracking Folders
Multi-Purpose
Reader compatibilityMARS-AT * * * * * * * * *
Tunnel Readers:MSTRP-6464 - - - x - - - x** xMSTRP-5050 - - - x - - - x xMSTRP-4040 x - x x x x x x x
Stand-alone Readers:MDR-3021 - - - x - - - - x MDR-1109 x x x x x x x x x
MDocR-2505 - - x - - - x x -3D Readers:
M3DR-4330 x - x x x x x x x
Copyright Magellan Technology 2012
Magellan has a range of PJM RFID StackTags as detailed below. Tags can be supplied as bare inlets, transparent or paper labels. If required, Magellan can produce custom tags. Note: not all tag types are held in stock. Minimum order quantities, design and set-up costs may apply.
* = Antenna Dependent ** = Not full 3D range
Friday, 2 November 12
How passive Tags work?
Friday, 2 November 12
They work on the same principles as transformers
How passive Tags work?
• How do passive tags get their power?
Friday, 2 November 12
They work on the same principles as transformers
How passive Tags work?
Friday, 2 November 12
The ratio of the voltages is equal to the ratio of the number of turns in each coil.
• How is the data sent and received?
How passive Tags work?
Friday, 2 November 12
The coils also act as antennas
How passive Tags work?
Friday, 2 November 12
The coils act as antennas
• How is the radio frequency generated
How passive Tags work?
Friday, 2 November 12
How passive Tags work?
Friday, 2 November 12
Tuned Resonate circuit
How passive Tags work?
Friday, 2 November 12
How passive Tags work?
• Radio frequency interference
Friday, 2 November 12
If 2 tags are next to each other, their radio signals will interfere and cancel each other out effectively making the 2 tags invisible to the reader because the tag’s signal is weaker.
How passive Tags work?
Friday, 2 November 12
If 2 tags are next to each other, their radio signals will interfere and cancel each other out effectively making the 2 tags invisible to the reader because the tags are transmitting a strong enough signal.
How passive Tags work?
Friday, 2 November 12
As the distance between 2 tags decreases the amplitude of the each tags radio signal decreases
Proximity handling
Friday, 2 November 12
Tuned vs untuned circuitsHandled by the tag chipreaders can simultaneously listen all 8 channelsread rates are 300 tags/sec
• Controlling the tag frequency
Proximity handling
Friday, 2 November 12
Tuned vs untuned circuitsHandled by the tag chipreaders can simultaneously listen all 8 channelsread rates are 300 tags/sec
• Controlling the tag frequency
• 8 Channels
Proximity handling
Friday, 2 November 12
Tuned vs untuned circuitsHandled by the tag chipreaders can simultaneously listen all 8 channelsread rates are 300 tags/sec
Readers
Friday, 2 November 12
Readers
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Readers
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Readers
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Small tunnel reader
Readers
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Document tray reader
Readers
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Large desktop reader
Readers
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Readers
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Readers
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Frige and 3D cabinets
Readers
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3D reading illustration
Applications
Friday, 2 November 12
All commercial aircraft have RFID tags installed, the reader/interrogator is located at Sydney airport (off screen). Air traffic control radar triggers the aircraft to send it’s ID along with altitude, speed, heading and GPS location (and maybe some other data).
The tag is integrated with the aircraft avionics in order to get the dynamic data
This is a specifically designed use case $$$
Applications
Friday, 2 November 12
All commercial aircraft have RFID tags installed, the reader/interrogator is located at Sydney airport (off screen). Air traffic control radar triggers the aircraft to send it’s ID along with altitude, speed, heading and GPS location (and maybe some other data).
The tag is integrated with the aircraft avionics in order to get the dynamic data
This is a specifically designed use case $$$
Applications
Friday, 2 November 12
Car remotes - command/control
also garage door opens
home alarm sysems
Applications
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eToll tag - command/control
Applications
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eToll tag - command/control
Applications
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eToll tag - command/control
Applications
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eToll tag - command/control
Applications
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Applications
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Applications
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Applications
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Applications
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Applications
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Applications
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Applications
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