rfb-outline of the law of succession 2-20-12 reg font - for dlsu 8-19-15.doc

7/23/2019 RFB-OUTLINE OF THE LAW OF SUCCESSION 2-20-12 REG FONT - FOR DLSU 8-19-15.doc

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OUTLINE OF THE LAW OF

SUCCESSION

Prof. Ruben F. Balane

2015 ______________________________

I. NATURE AND PURPOSE OF THE LAW ONSUCCESSION

A. To provide a mea! "#ere$% &#e proper&% ad

'(ridi)a* re*a&io! o+ a per!o "#i)# are o&e,&i-(i!#ed $% dea&# !#o(*d $e &ra!mi&&ed addi!&ri$(&ed.

. S&a&(&or% de+ii&io i Ar&i)*e // S())e!!io a! amode o+ a)(i!i&io.

C. S())e!!io a! par& o+ +ami*% *a".

D. W#e doe! &ra!mi!!io &a3e e++e)&4 Upode)ede&! dea&# 6 Ar&. ///7 8U!o v. De* Ro!ario7925:0 ; De or'a v. De or'a7 < SCRA 5// ;oi**a v. ar)ea7 /1 SCRA 91=.

E. De+ii&io o+ &erm! ad >eera* Co)ep&! 6 Ar&!.//5 6 /?2.

II. S@STE OF DISTRIUTION OF PROPERT@ UNDER

PHILIPPINE LAW THE S@STE OF PARTIALRESERBATION

A. T#e Re!erved Por&io 8Le-i&ime= ad &#e FreePor&io.



. id! o+ S())e!!io Uder &#e S%!&em o+ Par&ia*Re!erva&io.

1. Comp(*!or% S())e!!io 8??< 6 90/=2. Te!&ame&ar% S())e!!io 8//9 /?: 6 ?5<=:. I&e!&a&e S())e!!io 89<0 6 101=

III. COPULSOR@ SUCCESSION 8??< 6 90/ ?5 915 6 92:710:2 6 100 9/0 6 9// 992 ?91=

A. W#% Comp(*!or%4

. T#e re!erved por&io 6 &#e *e-i&ime7 de+ied i

Ar&i)*e ??< Ar&i)*e 90 Ar&i)*e! 905 6 90/ ?55

C. id! o+ Comp(*!or% Heir! Ar&i)*e ??/

1. Primar%a. *e-i&ima&e )#i*dre ad;or $. *e-i&ima&e de!)eda&!

2. Se)odar%a. *e-i&ima&e pare&!$. o&#er *e-i&ima&e a!)eda&!). i**e-i&ima&e pare&!

:. Co)(rri-a. !(rvivi- !po(!e$. i**e-i&ima&e )#i*dre

D. Le-i&imar% !#are! o+ )omp(*!or% #eir!.

1. a!i) *e-i&ime 6 1;2 o+ &#e e!&a&e. T#reee,)ep&io!

a. arria-e i articulo mortis 6 Ar&. 9007par. 2.

2



$. S(rvivi- !po(!e ad i**e-i&ima&e)#i*dre 6 Ar&. ?9.

). S(rvivi- !po(!e ad i**e-i&ima&epare&! 6 Ar&. 90:.

2. Le-i&ima&e )#i*dre ad;or De!)eda&!.

a. 1;2 o+ &#e e!&a&e 6 Ar&. ???.

$. Pri)ip*e T#e earer e,)*(de &#e+ar&#er7 "i&#o(& pre'(di)e &orepre!e&a&io.

). Adop&ed )#i*dre 6 !ame ri-#&! a!*e-i&ima&e )#i*dre 6 Se). 1?7 R.A. ?5528Dome!&i) Adop&io A)& o+ 199?=

:. Le-i&ima&e Pare&! or A!)eda&!.

a. 1;2 o+ &#e e!&a&e 6 Ar&!. ??9 6?90.

$. T#ree r(*e!

1. T#e earer e,)*(de &#e +ar&#er.2. Divi!io $% *ie.:. E(a* divi!io "i&#i &#e *ie.

. S(rvivi- Spo(!e o!& varia$*e !#are.

a. I+ a*oe 1;2 o+ &#e e!&a&e. E,)ep&iomarria-e i articulo mortis: 1;: o+ &#ee!&a&e 8Ar&. 9007 par. 2=.

$. I+ )o)(rri- "i&# i**e-i&ima&e )#i*dre1;: o+ &#e e!&a&e 8Ar&. ?9=.

). I+ )o)(rri- "i&# oe *e-i&ima&e )#i*d1; o+ &#e e!&a&e 8Ar&. ?92=.

3



d. I+ )o)(rri- "i&# *e-i&ima&e pare&! or a!)eda&! 1; o+ &#e e!&a&e 8Ar&. ?9<=.

e. I+ )o)(rri- "i&# i**e-i&ima&e pare&!1; o+ &#e e!&a&e 8Ar&. 90:=.

+. I+ )o)(rri- "i&# *e-i&ima&ea!)eda&! ad i**e-i&ima&e )#i*dre1;? o+ &#e e!&a&e 8Ar&. ?99=.

-. I+ )o)(rri- "i&# !evera* *e-i&ima&e)#i*dre a !#are e(a* &o &#a& o+ oe*e-i&ima&e )#i*d 8Ar&. ?92 ad Ar&. ?957

par. :=

5. I**e-i&ima&e C#i*dre ad;or De!)eda&!.

a. I+ &#e% are &#e o*% )omp(*!or% #eir!1;2 o+ &#e e!&a&e 8Ar&. 901=.

$. I+ )o)(rri- "i&# &#e !(rvivi- !po(!e1;: o+ &#e e!&a&e 8Ar&. ?9=.

). I+ )o)(rri- "i&# *e-i&ima&e pare&! or a!)eda&! 1; o+ &#e e!&a&e 8Ar&. ?9<=.

d. I+ )o)(rri- "i&# *e-i&ima&e )#i*dre or de!)eda&! ra&io o+ 21. 8Ar&. 1/< FCG=(& i+ de)ede& died $e+ore e++e)&ivi&%o+ FC 6 105G. 8Ar&. ?95 CCG=

e. De!)eda&! o+ I**e-i&ima&e C#i*dre

8Ar&. 902=

<. I**e-i&ima&e Pare&!.

a. I+ a*oe 1;2 o+ &#e e!&a&e 8Ar&. 90:=.

4



$. I+ )o)(rri- "i&# !po(!e 6 1; o+ &#ee!&a&e 8Ar&. 90:=.

/. Bario(! )om$ia&io! +o(d passim iAr&i)*e! ??? 6 90:. 8::: 6 ::5=

E. Pre&eri&io 8Ar&. ?5= 6 Ca(&io i dra"i- (p "i**.

1. W#a& i! pre&eri&io42. W#o )a $e pre&eri&ed4:. E++e)& o+ pre&eri&io.

F. Di!i#eri&a)e 8Ar&!. 915 6 92:=.

>. U"or&#ie!! 8Ar&!. 10:2 6 100=.

H. Repre!e&a&io 6 8Ar&!. 9/0 6 9//=.

I. T#e S())e!!ioa* ar 6 8Ar&. 992=.

. Spe)ia* R(*e

1. T#e Reserva Troncal 6 8Ar&. ?91=.

a. P(rpo!e 6 pp. :29 6 ::0

$. Re(i!i&e! 6 C#(a v. CFI7 p. ::0

). Pro)e!!

d. Par&ie!

1. T"o a!i) R(*e!

2. Si$*i- a! media&e !o(r)e

:. S#o(*d Ori-i ad Reservista$e*o- &o di++ere& *ie!4

5



. (!& reservatario $e re*a&ed &oOri-i4

e. (ridi)a* Na&(re

+. Proper&% Re!erved

1. No& par& o+ &#e reservista’s e!&a&e

-. Ri-#&! ad O$*i-a&io! 6 :/?

#. E,&i-(i!#me& :/9

IB. TESTAENTAR@ SUCCESSION 8/?: 6 ??5 915 6 92: 92 6 959=

A. S&a&(&or% de+ii&io Ar&. //9.

. Te!&ame&ar% !())e!!io !($!idiar% &o)omp(*!or% !())e!!io.

1. Wi** opera&e! o*% &o &#e e,&e& &#a& *e-i&ime!are o& impaired.

2. Wi**! )a di!po!e o*% o+ +ree por&io.

C. Wi**! 6 de+ied i Ar&. /?:.

1. T"o 3id! o+ "i**!.

a. A&&e!&ed$. Ho*o-rap#i)

2. Commo re(ireme&!

a. A! &o &e!&ame&ar% )apa)i&% 6 Ar&!. /9< 6 ?0:.

6



$. A! &o +orm 6 Ar&. ?0.

1= I "ri&i-

2= I a *a-(a-e 3o" &o &#e&e!&a&or.

:. Spe)ia* re(ireme&! +or a&&e!&ed "i**! 6Ar&!. ?05 6 ?0< ?20 6 ?2.

a. Si-ed $% &e!&a&or or #i! a-e& i #i!pre!e)e ad $% #i! e,pre!! dire)&ioa& &#e ed &#ereo+ i "i&e!!e!pre!e)e.

$. A&&e!&ed ad !i-ed $% a& *ea!& :)redi$*e "i&e!!e! i &e!&a&or!pre!e)e ad o+ oe ao&#er.

). Te!&a&or m(!& !i- ea)# ad ever% pa-ee,)ep& &#e *a!& o *e+& mar-i ad i"i&e!!e! pre!e)e.

d. Wi&e!!e! m(!& !i- ea)# ad ever%pa-e o *e+& mar-i7 i &e!&a&or!pre!e)e ad o+ oe ao&#er.

e. A** pa-e! (m$ered i *e&&er! o (pper par&.

+. A&&e!&a&io )*a(!e.

+.1 S&a&i- (m$er o+ pa-e! o+ "i**.

+.2 S&a&i- +a)& &#a& &e!&a&or or a-e&!i-ed a! re(ired $% *a" i"i&e!!e! pre!e)e.

7



+.: S&a&i- &#a& "i&e!!e! "i&e!!edad !i-ed a! re(ired $% *a" i&e!&a&or! ad oe ao&#er!pre!e)e.

-. No&ariJa&io.

#. I+ &e!&a&or i! dea+ or a dea+m(&e 6 Ar&.?0/.

i. I+ &e!&a&or i! $*id 6 Ar&. ?0?.

'. Wi&e!!e! 6 Ar&!. ?20 6 ?2.

. Spe)ia* re(ireme&! +or #o*o-rap#i) "i**! 6Ar&!. ?10 6 ?1.

a. E&ire*% "ri&&e7 da&ed ad !i-ed $%&e!&a&or.

5. P(rpo!e o+ re(ireme&! 6 &o )*o!e &#e door &o $ad +ai&# ad +ra(d7 &o avoid !($!&i&(&ioo+ "i**!7 ad &o -(ara&ee &#eir &r(&# ada(&#e&i)i&%.

<. Codi)i*! ad I)orpora&io 6 Ar&!. ?25 6 ?2/.

D. T"o mode! o+ &e!&ame&ar% !())e!!io.

1. I!&i&(&io o+ #eir 6 Ar&!. ?0 6 ?5<.

2. Le-a)ie! ad devi!e! 6 Ar&!. 92 6 959.

:. Di!&i)&io $e&"ee #eir!7 *e-a&ee! addevi!ee! 6 Ar&. /?2.

. R(*e! )ommo &o $o&#.

8



a. Capa)i&% &o !())eed 6 Ar&!. 102 6100.

a.1 I)apa)i&% ad U"or&#ie!! 6Ar&!. ?2:7 102/7 102?7 10:2.

$. S($!idiar% I!&i&(&io 8!($!&i&(&io!= 6Ar&!. ?5/ 6 ?/0.

). Codi&io!7 &erm!7 ad mode! 6 Ar&!.?/1 6 ??5.

d. A))re&io 6 Ar&! 1015 6 102:.

E. Revo)a$i*i&% o+ Wi**! 6 Wa%! o+ Revo3i-Ar&!. ?2? 6 ?:.

F. Rep($*i)a&io ad Reviva* 6 Ar&!. ?:5 6 ?:/.

>. E,e)(&or! ad Admii!&ra&or! 6 Ar&!. 105? 610<0.

H. Forma* ad I&ri!i) Ba*idi&%.

1. Pro$a&e 6 Ar&!. ?:? 6 ?:9.

1.a. Spe)ia* r(*e +or pro$a&e o+ #o*o-rap#i) "i** 6 Ar&. ?11

2. Forma* Ba*idi&% 6 Ar&!. /957 ?15 6 ?197?20 6 ?2.

a. A! &o &#e "i** i&!e*+.

$. A! &o &e!&ame&ar% )apa)i&%.

). A! &o )apa)i&% o+ "i&e!!e!.

9



:. I!&ri!i) va*idi&% 6 &#e e++i)a)% o+ &#edi!po!i&io! &#em!e*ve!.

a. For Fi*ipio )i&iJe! 6 Ar&. 22<:.

$. For a*ie! 6 Ar&!. 1<7 par. 2 10:9.

B. INTESTATE SUCCESSION 89<0 6 101=

A. De+ii&io T#a& "#i)# &a3e! p*a)e $% opera&io o+ *a" i de+a(*& o+ a va*id "i**.

1. Spe)i+i) i!&a)e! 6 Ar&. 9<0.

. a!i) pri)ip*e Same a! )omp(*!or% !())e!!io 6 e,)*(!io ad )o)(rre)e.

C. Fo(r a!i) R(*e! o+ I&e!&a&e S())e!!io

1. I&e!&a&e #eir m(!& $e re*a&ed &o de)ea!ed7ei&#er $%

a. jus familiae

b. jus sanguinis

c. jus conjugis

d. jus imperii

2. R(*e o+ pre+ere)e o+ *ie!. 89/? ; 9?5=

:. R(*e o+ pro,imi&% o+ de-ree7 !($'e)& &o ri-#&o+ repre!e&a&io 89<2=.

. R(*e o+ e(a*i&%7 !($'e)& &o 5 e,)ep&io!89<2=

10



a. Pre+ere)e o+ *ie!.

$. Limi&a&io a! &o 3id o+ #eir ide!)edi- *ie.

). R(*e o+ divi!io $% *ie i a!)edi-*ie 6 Ar&. 9?/.

d. F(**ad #a*+$*ood re*a&io!#ip i)o**a&era* *ie 6 Ar&!. 100< 100?.

e. Repre!e&a&io.

D. I&e!&a&e Heir!.

1. Le-i&ima&e )#i*dre ad;or de!)eda&!.

2. I**e-i&ima&e )#i*dre ad;or de!)eda&!.

:. Le-i&ima&e pare&! ad;or a!)eda&!.

. I**e-i&ima&e pare&!.

5. S(rvivi- !po(!e.

<. ro&#er!7 !i!&er!7 ep#e"! ad ie)e!.8a)a%o v. orromeo7 15 SCRA 9?<=E,)*(de ()*e! ; a(&!G 1009G

/. O&#er )o**a&era*! 6 (p &o &#e 5&# de-ree.

?. S&a&e.

D.a. R(*e! o Comp(&a&io o+ De-ree! o+ Re*a&io!#ip 6 Ar&!. 9<: 6 9<9.

E. Bario(! )om$ia&io! Fo(d passim i Ar&!. 9/? 6 101. :<G

11



Bario(! )om$ia&io! are po!!i$*e $e)a(!e o+ !im(*&aeo(! opera&io o+ r(*e! o+ e,)*(!io ad)o)(rre)e.

E.a. S())e!!io &o e!&a&e o+ adop&ed 6 Se). 1?7R.A. ?552.

F. I&e!&a&e S())e!!io i Re*a&io &o Comp(*!or%S())e!!io.

1. No&e &#a& "i&# &#e e,)ep&io o+ Par. D7 o!. <7/ ad ?7 i&e!&a&e #eir! are a*!o )omp(*!or%#eir!. Er-o7 &#ere "i** $e over*appi- o+ )omp(*!or% ad i&e!&a&e !())e!!io.

2. Comp(*!or% !())e!!io i! !(preme. T#er(*e! o+ i&e!&a&e !())e!!io )a opera&eo*% &o &#e e,&e& &#a& &#e *e-i&ime! are o&impaired.

:. >eera* R(*e O$!erve &#e por&io! -ive $%&#e r(*e! o i&e!&a)%. T#ere "i** $e o)o+*i)& "i&# *e-i&ime!.

E,)ep&io Co)(rre)e i i&e!&a)% o+ *e-i&ima&e ad i**e-i&ima&e de!)eda&!

a. >e& *e-i&ime! +ir!&.

$. Di!&ri$(&e e,)e!! i propor&io o+ 21No&e i+ (der &#e Civi* Code 6 105G

>. I&e!&a&e S())e!!io i Re*a&io &o Te!&ame&ar%

S())e!!io

1. I+ "i** di!po!e! o+ par& o+ &#e +ree por&ioT#e pro$*em o+ Par&ia* I&e!&a)%

12



a. R(*e Tra)e "#ere &#e i&e!&a&e por&io"e& i )a!e o+ &o&a* i&e!&a)% ad *e&re)ipie& &#ereo+ !(++er &#e red()&io.

$. App*% i Ar&i)*e! 9917 997 99/7 99?71000 ad 1001.

H. Spe)ia* R(*e!.

1. T#e S())e!!ioa* ar 6 Ar&. 992.

2. A))re&io 6 Ar&!. 1015 6102:.

:. Capa)i&% ad U"or&#ie!! 6 Ar&!. 102 6

1025 10:2 6 100.

. Repre!e&a&io 6 Ar&!. 9/0 6 9//.

BI. ACCEPTANCE AND REPUDIATION 6 Ar&i)*e! 101 6105/

BII. PARTITION AND DISTRIUTION OF ESTATESUSTANTIBE ASPECTS

A. I+ )omp(*!or% !())e!!io &a3e! p*a)e

1. Ne& #eredi&ar% e!&a&e m(!& $e de&ermied.P(rpo!e To $e a$*e &o )omp(&e *e-i&ime!.

2. e&#od o+ de&ermia&io 8)o**a&io= 8Ar&.90?=.

a. De&ermie va*(e o+ proper&% *e+& a& &#edea&# o+ &#e &e!&a&or.

$. Ded()& a** de$&! ad o$*i-a&io!.

13



). Add &#e va*(e o+ a** doa&io! inter vivos.

:. Doa&io! are i)*(ded i *e-i&ime $(&&e!&ame&ar% di!po!i&io! are e,)*(ded 6Ar&!. 909 6 9107 10<1 6 10<27 10<:.

. I+ *e-i&ime! impaired 6 +ir!& red()e&e!&ame&ar% di!po!i&io! pro rata 890/7 9117$(& )+. 950=7 912 6 917 &#e red()e doa&io!i iver!e order o+ da&e! 89117 //:=.

A.1 Co**a&io 6 T#ree Co)ep&! Ar&!. 10<1 610//.

. I+ &e!&ame&ar% !())e!!io &a3e! p*a)e

1. Wi** m(!& $e pro$a&ed.

2. T"o 3id! o+ pro$a&e

a. Ante Mortem$. Post Mortem

:. Pro$a&e de&ermia&ive o*% o+ +orma* va*idi&%.

C. A)&(a* Par&i&io 8Ar&!. 10/? 6 1105=.

1. e+ore par&i&io 6 )oo"er!#ip amo- #eir!.

2. Par&i&io 6 Separa&io7 divi!io ada!!i-me& o+ a &#i- #e*d i )ommoamo- &#o!e &o "#om i& ma% $e*o- 8Ar&.

10/9=.

:. id! o+ Par&i&io

a. E,&ra'(di)ia*$. (di)ia*

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