rf-ics for low-power wireless communication proprietary ... · • rf-ics for low-power wireless...
TRANSCRIPT
2
• Content– Frequency Bands and application areas
– Product Generations
– Proprietary RF
– ZigBee™
– Evaluation and development
4
2.4 GHz ISM Band• The 2400–2483.5 MHz band is available for license-free
operation in most countries
– 2.4 GHz Pros• Same solution for all markets without SW/HW
alterations• Large bandwidth available, allows many separate
channels and high datarates• 100% duty cycle is possible• More compact antenna solution than sub-1 GHz
– 2.4 GHz Cons• Shorter range than a sub 1 GHz solution (with the
same current consumption)• Many possible interferers are present in the band
5
Sub 1GHz ISM Bands• The ISM bands under 1 GHz are not world-wide
• Limitations vary a lot from region to region and getting a full overview is not an easy task
– Sub 1GHz Pros• Better range than 2.4 GHz with the same output power and current
consumption (assuming a good antenna – not easy for a limited space)
– Sub 1GHz Cons• Since different bands are used in different markets it is necessary
with custom solutions for each market• More limitations to output power, data rate, bandwidth etc. than the
2.4 GHz • Duty cycle restrictions in some regions• Interferers are present in most bands
6
Short-range wireless communicationsRange – Data Rate - Application
1000m
•Headsets•PC Peripherals•PDA/Phone
• Building Automation• Residential Control • Industrial • Tracking • Sensors• Home Automation / Security• Meter Reading
Data Rate (bps)
100k 1M 10M10k1k
Range
100m
10m
1m
ZigBee/802.15.4
•PC Networking•Home Networking•Video Distribution
Wi-Fi/802.11
Proprietary Low Power Radio•Gaming•PC Peripherals•Audio•Meter Reading•Building Mgt.•Automotive
UWB•Wireless USB•Video/audio links
7
mpusekeyboard,USB
gaming, consoles,remotes, joystick
headset, stereos,remotes, MP3s
HOME AND BUILDING AUTOMATION CONSUMER ELECTRONICS
Short-RangeWireless
CommunicationsHome
controlPC
peripeherals
home control,alarm and security,
lightning
monitors, sensors, automation,control, lightning, actuators
electricity-, gasand water meters
Industrial& commercial
Automaticmeter reading
Entertainment
Audio
Application areas
8
Major parameters to be discussed with Customers:
• Data Rate– What is data rate based on their application?
• Current Consumption– Transmit, Receive and duty cycle
• Sensitivity– Ability to receive the wanted signal (or required operating range)
• Selectivity– Ability to reject the jimming signal, like 2.4G interferer or adjacent channel signal.
• Wake-up Time– Time required from sleep mode to active mode
– Good for AFHSS implementation
Make RF easy to sell
9
• Content– Frequency Bands and application areas
– Product Generations
– Proprietary RF
– ZigBee
– Evaluation and development
11
• Content– Frequency Bands and application areas
– Product Generations
– Proprietary RF
– ZigBee
– Evaluation and development
12
Product Highlights, SmartRF02 Products
• 315 (CC1000-family only), 433, 868 and 915 MHz
• First pure CMOS for 300-1000 MHz in the industry
• CC1020/CC1070 unique in satisfying strict ARIB requirements (Japan) for narrow-band
• Few external components
Channel spacing
12.5 kHz, 25 kHz
>50 kHz >500 kHz
TRX CC1020 CC1021 CC1000
TX CC1070 CC1050
SoC CC1010
TRX – Transceiver, TX – Transmitter, SoC – System on Chip
13
Product Highlights, SmartRF®02 Products
• CC1000/CC1050– The industry’s first 300 to 1000 MHz
CMOS single-chip multi-channelRF-transceiver/transmitter
• CC1010– The industry’s first 300 to 1000 MHz
RF-System-on-Chip (SoC) solution– CC1000 with on-chip 8-bit
microcontroller and 32kByte Flash memory
• CC1020/CC1070– The industry’s first single-chip true
narrowband RF-transceiver/transmitter
– The only single-chip RF-IC that complies with the ARIB STD-T67 standard
14
Key feature: Low current consumption in RX (7.4mA) and TX (from 5.3mA)
CC1050 is the transmitter part of CC1000, for one-way systems
Typical CC1000 application circuit
15
Typical CC1010 application circuit
Key Features:- Low current consumption- 32kB Flash- 2kB RAM- DES encryption/decryption- ADC
- Same RF performance as CC1000
16
CC1020/CC1021/CC1070• CC1020 True Narrow Band Transceiver
– complies with EN 300 220, FCC CRF47 part 15 and ARIB STD-T67
– down to 12.5kHz channel spacing – very high receiver sensitivity (-118dBm)– programmable receiver bandwidth– image rejection– Digital RSSI– AFC, Automatic Frequency Control– FSK/OOK data modulation
• CC1070 is transmitter part of CC1020• CC1021
– same as CC1020, but only down to 50kHz channel spacing, for lower cost systems without strict channel spacing requirements
17
Adjacent channel
Frequency
Desired channelSensitivity limit + 3dB
1 Channel separation (+-100 kHz or whatever)
ACR
CC1020 performance: 32dB
How much stronger a modulated jammer - in the neighbour channel, can the chip tolerate in without “loosing” sensitivity – in dB. Also called Adjacent Channel Selectivity
Adjacent Channel Rejection (ACR)
18
CC1020/CC1021/CC1070
• Narrowband applications:– Alarm “high performance” systems (Europe)– Telemetry systems (licensed frequencies)– AMR systems (Korea, Japan, Sweden)– RKE systems (long range, Korea and Japan)– Multi-frequency systems, “semi pro”– Frequency Hopping systems (915 USA)– Anywhere where performance in needed
19
Product Highlights , SmartRF03® Products
• CC2400
– Low power, low cost multi-channel 1 Mbps 2.4GHz RF-transceiver
– High throughput (700-800 kbps achievable)– Full packet handling, FIFO– Supports FHSS– RSSI and many other useful on-chip
features that off-loads the microcontroller in the system
20
Application Circuit CC2400
1VCO_GUA RD
AVDD_VCO
AVDD_PRE
AVDD_RF1
RF_P
TXRX_SWITCH
RF_N
GND
2
3
4
6
5
7
8
CC2400
13N
C
14A
VD
D_RF2
15A
VD
D_IF2
16A
VD
D_A
DC
17D
VD
D_A
DC
18D
GN
D_G
UA
RD
19D
GU
AR
D
20BT/G
R
48A
VD
D_CH
P
47A
TEST1
46A
TEST2
45R_B
IAS
44A
VD
D_IF1
43X
OSC
16_Q1
42X
OSC
16_Q2
41A
VD
D_X
OSC
36NC
GIO6
SO
SI
CSn
DCLK/FIFO
DIO/PKT
SCLK
35
34
33
31
32
30
29
GND
AVDD_SW
NC
NC
10
11
12
9
21G
IO1
22D
GN
D
23D
SUB_PA
DS
24D
SUB_C
OR
E
40N
C
39N
C
38N
C
37N
C
RX
DVDD1.8
DVDD3.3
TX27
28
26
25
SPI-bus
DVDD=1.8V
Optional digital interface
DVDD=1.8V
DVDD Dig ital I/O =1.8 / 3.3V
Antenna (50 Ohm)
AVDD=1.8V
R451
C431 C421
XTAL
C62
C61
C71
L61
L62
C81L81
AVDD=1.8V
AVDD=1.8V AVDD=1.8V
L71
1VCO_GUA RD
AVDD_VCO
AVDD_PRE
AVDD_RF1
RF_P
TXRX_SWITCH
RF_N
GND
2
3
4
6
5
7
8
CC2400
13N
C
14A
VD
D_RF2
15A
VD
D_IF2
16A
VD
D_A
DC
17D
VD
D_A
DC
18D
GN
D_G
UA
RD
19D
GU
AR
D
20BT/G
R
48A
VD
D_CH
P
47A
TEST1
46A
TEST2
45R_B
IAS
44A
VD
D_IF1
43X
OSC
16_Q1
42X
OSC
16_Q2
41A
VD
D_X
OSC
36NC
GIO6
SO
SI
CSn
DCLK/FIFO
DIO/PKT
SCLK
35
34
33
31
32
30
29
GND
AVDD_SW
NC
NC
10
11
12
9
21G
IO1
22D
GN
D
23D
SUB_PA
DS
24D
SUB_C
OR
E
40N
C
39N
C
38N
C
37N
C
RX
DVDD1.8
DVDD3.3
TX27
28
26
25
SPI-bus
DVDD=1.8V
Optional digital interface
DVDD=1.8V
DVDD Dig ital I/O =1.8 / 3.3V
Antenna (50 Ohm)
AVDD=1.8V
R451
C431 C421
XTAL
C62
C61
C71
L61
L62
C81L81
AVDD=1.8V
AVDD=1.8V AVDD=1.8V
L71
21
Parameters
• Sensitivity @ 1 Mbps : -85 dBm• Sensitivity @ 10 kbps : -100 dBm• PLL start-up time : 130 us• Core supply voltage : 1.6-2.0V• I/O supply voltage : 1.6-3.6V• Max. Output power : 0 dBm• Image rejection : 27 dB• Blocking : 43 dB @ 2 MHz• Current in PD : 1.5 uA• Current in RX : 23 mA• Current in TX @ 0 dBm : 19 mA
22
Baseband features
• Packet radio support including CRC, preamble and sync word support
• NRZ, 8B/10B coding• Data buffering with 32-byte FIFO,
supports burst transmission• Digital RSSI and carrier sense• Automatic frequency control (AFC)
23
Main Application Areas• Wireless audio (compressed high quality or
uncompressed high-end VoIP)
• Wireless video (for surveillence cameras, low-end webcams etc.)
• Gaming
• Any application that needs a high over-the-air datarate
24
Product Highlights, SmartRF®04 Products
• Low cost, high integration• Sub 1 GHz and 2.4 GHz• Only external components are matching
network/output filter, bias resistor and crystal• Extensive baseband functionality:
– 64 byte FIFOs– Packet handling– Unique wake-on-radio feature
• SoCs feature fast 8051 MCU, DMA, 32 kB Flash, 4 kB RAM, lots of peripherals (8-14 bit ADC, AES-128 crypto...)
<1 GHz 2.4 GHz
TRX CC1100 CC2500
TX CC1150 CC2550
SoC CC1110 CC2510
25
Product Highlights, SmartRF®04 Products
• CC2500 & CC2550– The world’s lowest total cost 2.4 GHz
multi-channel RF transceiver
• CC1100 & CC1150– The world’s lowest total cost 300 to
1000 MHz multi-channel RF transceiver
• CC1110 and CC2510 SoCs– Powerful 300 – 1000 MHz and 2,4 GHz
SoC solutions– High integration, excellent performance
and quick developmet
26
CC1100/CC2500 RF Performance
CC1100 CC2500Frequency 315/433/868/915 MHz 2.4 GHz
Data rate 1.2 – 500 kbps 1.2 – 500 kbps
Supply 1.8 - 3.6 V 1.8 - 3.6 V
Sensitivity 250 kbps -89 dBm -88 dBm
Sensitivity 9.6 kbps -104 dBm -98 dBm
Sensitivity 1.2 kbps -110 dBm -106 dBm
RX current 13.5 - 15.5 mA 13.3 - 15.6 mA
Output power 10 dBm all bands 1 dBm
TX current 29 mA (+10 dBm) 22 mA (0 dBm)
Selectivity, ACR 20 - 25 dB 20 - 25 dB
27
CC1100/CC2500 – Features
Full packet handling included• Preamble generation• Sync word insertion/detection• Address check• Flexible packet length• Automatic CRC
Programmable Carrier Sense indicator and digital RSSI output • Enables adaptive channel selection resulting in
increased robustness of the communication link
Preamble bits(1010...1010)
Syn
c w
ord
Leng
th fi
eld
Add
ress
fie
ld
Data fieldC
RC
-16
Optional CRC-16 calculationOptionally FEC encoded/decoded
8 x n bits 8/16 bits 8bits
8bits 8 x n bits 16 bits
Optional data whiteningLegend:
Inserted automatically in TX,processed and removed in RX.
Optional user-provided fields processed in TX,processed but not removed in RX.
Unprocessed user data (apart from FECand/or whitening)
28
CC1100/CC2500 – Features cont.
• SPI interface for configuration and data communication• Supports FSK, OOK and MSK modulation formats• Separate 64-byte RX and TX data FIFOs for burst
mode data transmission• Forward error correction (FEC) and interleaving
– FEC corrects errors; provides more stable RF link and reduces the need for packet retransmissions
– Cuts data rate in half– Interleaving improves FEC handling of burst errors
• Optional data whitening/dewhitening– Optimum work conditions for the demodulator
29
CC1100/CC2500 – Features cont.• Support for automatic Clear Channel Assessment (CCA)
– The built-in Carrier Sense / RSSI functionality makes the CC1100 / CC2500 ideal for Listen-Before-Talk (LBT) systems
• Wake-on-Radio (WOR)– The chip will check for RF activity (RSSI/Sync/Address) without
waking up the microcontroller• Very fast start-up time from power down (0.5 ms) • Ideal for frequency hopping systems due to a fast
settling frequency synthesizer (hop time of 100 μs)• Analog temperature sensor on-chip• Automatic Frequency Compensation
– Lower cost XTAL
30
• Alarm and security systems
• Automatic meter reading (AMR)
• Remote keyless entry (RKE)
• Remote control
• Industrial monitoring and control
• Low power telemetry
CC1100/CC1150 applications
31
• Human interface device (HID – mouse, keyboards etc.)
• Remote control
• Wireless voice-quality audio
• Gaming
• Sports and leisure equipment
CC2500/CC2550 applications
32
CC1110/CC2510 SoC
• Low-cost true system-on-chip (SoC)• RF transceiver + high performance low-power 8051-based MCU
with integrated memory and peripherals.• Supply voltage range : 2.0V to 3.6V• Temperature range : -40 to +85°C• Lead-free RoHS compliant (“green”) 6x6mm QLP36 package • RF-performance equal to CC1100/CC2500• 8-bit 8051 CPU core• Architectural enhancements
– Single cycle– A second data pointer– Extended 18-source interrupt unit– Custom debug interface– DMA
33
Key Features
• 32kB Non-volatile Program Memory and 4kB Data Memory– Flash:
• Programmable through a simple two-wire interface or by the 8051 core• Read and write lock
– SRAM:• Retains its contents even when the digital part is powered off
• 8-14 bits ADC with up to eight inputs– Audio capable– Configurable resolution vs. sample period– Automatic channel sequencing
• Powerful DMA functionality (Direct Memory Access )– Relieves the 8051 CPU core of handling data transfers– Controls data transfers over the entire address range
34
Key Features Cont.
• Two USARTs– Programmable for master/slave SPI or UART operation– Provide double buffering– High-precision baud-rate generator
• Watchdog timer• 16-bit timer + three 8-bit timers• Sleep timer• 21 general I/O pins• AES security coprocessor
(Advanced Encryption Standard)• Powerful and flexible development tools available• Hardware debug support
35
Ultra-low power consumption
• 0.6 μA in power-down mode (PM3)• 0.8 μA with sleep timer running (PM2)• 270 μA/MIPS MCU power consumption• MCU start-up from PM2/PM3 to active in 50 μs
• MCU (full speed – 26 MHz) and radio – 22 mA in RX and 31 mA in TX (0 dBm)
• Radio start-up in 195 μs
• With 32 kHz watch crystal, several CC1110/CC2510s can keep in synchronisation with each other for a long time in PM2 – enables very low duty-cycle systems and therefore very long battery life time
37
Application Areas• Wireless Voice• Wireless HID• Wireless Point-of-Sale and Payment systems• Wireless Alarm and Security systems• Automatic Meter Reading• Remote Keyless Entry• RF Remote Controls
38
• Content– Frequency Bands and application areas
– Product Generations
– Proprietary RF
– ZigBee
– Evaluation and development
40
- Low Power Wireless Ubiquitous Communication - for Monitoring and Control in Home & Building Automation
- Created by Major OEMs- Samsung, Honeywell, Philips, Mitsubishi,... for their own use
- Worldwide Standard- Based on IEEE 802.15.4 Wireless
Standard- 2,4GHz (16 Channels) - also sub 1GHz (11 Channels)
- Reliable, Robust, Easy to Use, Cost Saving.
What is ZigBee?
41
ZigBee Alliance
“The ZigBee Alliance is an association of companies working together to enable reliable, cost-effective, low-power, wirelessly networked monitoring and control products based on an open global standard”Source: ZigBee Alliance homepage
Thru the Chipcon acquisition, TI is now central in the alliance
Promoters of the ZigBee alliance are:BM Spa, Ember, Freescale, Honeywell, Mitsubishi Electric, Motorola, Philips, Samsung and Texas Instruments
The alliance has over 200 members
For further information please see: www.zigbee.com
43
The IEEE 802 Wireless Space
Data Rate (Mbps)
Ran
ge
ZigBee802.15.4 802.15.3
802.15.3a802.15.3c
WiFi802.11
10 100 1000
WPAN
WLAN
WMAN
WWAN
0.01 0.1 1
Bluetooth802.15.1
IEEE 802.22
WiMaxIEEE 802.16
IEEE 802.20
44
IEEE 802.15.4/ ZigBee Definitions
• IEEE 802.15.4 Standard– designed to provide a wireless RF platform for low
power device networking– Physical and MAC layer implementation
• ZigBee Standard– A software protocol specification designed by a
consortium -The ZigBee Alliance– Sits on top of the IEEE 802.15.4 RF standard– ZigBee Stack – name of protocol stack which refers to
a digital communications language that is organized along the lines of the 7 layer ISO/OSI model
45
ZigBee Layer Model
IEEE 802.15.4PHY (Physical layer)MAC (Medium Access
Control)
– ZigBee Stack Network and SecurityApplication framework Application Profiles Application
46
WHY ZigBee?Standard ZigBeeTM /
IEEE 802.15.4Wi-FiTM / IEEE 802.11b
BlueToothTM / IEEE 802.15.1
Application focus Monitoring & Control Web, Email, Video
Cable Replacement
Stack Size(kBytes)
4 - 32 1000 + 250 +
Battery Life (days) 100 – 1000 + 0.5 - 5 1 - 7
Network Size(#nodes)
~Unlimited (65536) Many 7
Bandwidth (kbps) 250 11 000 1000
Range (meters) 100 + 100 10 +
48
ZigBee Network Topologies
PAN coordinatorFull Function DeviceReduced Function Device
Star
Mesh
Cluster Tree
49
ZigBee – a Wireless Mesh Network
ZigBee CoordinatorStarts the Network.Routes packets.Example: Heating Central (mains powered)
ZigBee RouterRoutes packet but can have additional function(s).Example: Light(mains powered node)
ZigBee End DeviceSleeps most of the time. Can be battery powered. Does not routeExample: Light switch
50
ZigBee – Highly Reliable
• Mesh networking protocol provides redundant paths
• Automatic retries and acknowledgements
• Broadcast delivery scheme ensures reliable broadcasts across the network
• Parents keep track of messages for sleeping children
• High intrinsic interference tolerance– Multiple channels– Frequency agility– Robust modulation
52
ZigBee – Application Areas
• Home Automation• Lighting, Heating, Alarm, Security
• Industrial Plant Monitoring
• Commercial Building Automation• Heating Ventilation & Air Condition (HVAC)
• Energy management
• Automatic Meter Reading (AMR)
• Wireless Sensor Networks
• Asset tracking / Active RFID
HomeControl &
Automation
Industrial& commercial
Automaticmeter reading
53
Lighting Control
• Advance Transformer
– Wireless lighting control• Dimmable ballasts• Light switches anywhere• Customizable lighting • Energy savings on bright days
– Extendable networks• Additional sensors• Other networks
54
HVAC Energy Management
• Hotel energy management– Major operating expense for hotel
• Centralized HVAC management allow hotel operator to make sure empty rooms are not cooled nor heated
– Retrofit capabilities– Battery operated t-stats can be
placed for convenience– Personalized room settings at
check-in
55
Asset Management
• Within each container, sensors form a mesh network.
• Multiple containers in a ship form a mesh to report sensor data
• Increased security through on-truck and on-ship tamper detection
• Faster container processing. Manifest data and sensor data are known before ship docks at port.
• IEEE 802.15.4 Location Detection now possible
59
ZigBee COMPLIANT PLATFORMS (Apr 06)Platform RF Transceiver/
MicrocontrollerZigBee Stack
Silicon Labs CC2420 / SiLabs8051 Helicomm
Airbee Wireless CC2420 /Atmega 128 Airbee
III (Taiwan) CC2420 /Atmega 128 III (Institute for Information Industry)
NEC Engineering MC1319x / NEC Texas Instruments (Figure8 Wireless)
Renesas MC13192 / M16 (CC2420)
MERL
Mindteck (India) MC13192/3 / Freescale Mindteck
Integrated Associates CX1540 / OKI CompXS
Texas Instruments(Chipcon)
1. CC2430 / 31 (SoC) 2. CC2420 / Atmega 128
Texas Instruments (Figure8 Wireless) Texas Instruments (Figure8 Wireless)
Freescale 1. MC13192, Freescale 2. MC13193 Freescale
Texas Instruments (Figure8 Wireless) Texas Instruments (Figure8 Wireless)
Ember 1. EM2420 / Atmega128 2. EM250 (SoC)
EmberZNet EmberZNet
Korwin CC2420 / Atmega 128 Korwin
61
Product Highlights , SmartRF03® Products(0.18 µm CMOS)
• CC2420 - 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee transceiver
• CC2430 - 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee SoC
• CC2431 - 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee SoC with Location Engine (licensed from Motorola)
• Very low power consumption• Excellent coexistence performance• CC2420 is used in the majority of ZigBee designs
available today
62
Product Highlights , SmartRF03® Products
• CC2420– The industry’s first 2.4GHz IEEE
802.15.4 compliant /ZigBee RF-transceiver
– Meets or superceeds all requirements defined by the IEEE 802.15.4 standard
– Present in 6 out of 8 ZigBee compliant platforms
– Only product in 802.15.4/ ZigBee market to have sold over 1 Mio pieces
– Received Frost & Sullivan’s Technology Leadership of the Year Award 2005
64
CC2420 Key Features
• CC2420 Industry’s first IEEE 802.15.4 2.4 GHz RF transceiver
– Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum, 250 kbps / 2 Mchips/s– On chip voltage regulator / battery monitor– Integrated packet handling– IEEE 802.15.4 MAC layer Hardware support– Automatic address recognition– Automatic transmission of acknowledge frames– Link quality indication (based on RSSI, symbol correlation values or a
combination)– Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)– Clear Channel Assessment (CCA)– IEEE 802.15.4 Security
66
CC2430: The only System-on-Chip for ZigBee/IEEE 802.15.4 compliancy:
CC2420 RF CoreHigh Performance MCU
Flash and RAMPeripherals
67
Product Highlights , SmartRF03® Products
• CC2430– World’s first true System-on-Chip
(SoC) ZigBee™ solution– Industry leading CC2420 tranceiver
core and enhanced 8051 MCU– Available with 32kB, 64kB or 128kB
in-system programmable Flash.
• CC2431– The industry’s first SoC for Wireless
Low Power Sensor Networks with Location Detection
– Industry leading CC2420 RF tranceiver core, enhanced 8051 MCU and 128 kB Flash
68
CC2430 Overview
• CC2420 integrated with 8051 MCU
• FIFO/RAM replaced with DMA
• MAC timer to support protocol• CSMA/CA Command Strobe
Processor• MCU and peripherals as in
C1110/CC2510– To be covered in later
sessionSF
R bu
sS
FR
bus
MEMORYARBITRATOR
8051 CPUCORE
DMA
128 KBFLASH
8 KBSRAM
FLASH CTRL
DEBUGINTERFACE
RESETRESET_N
P2_4
P2_3
P2_2
P2_1
P2_0
P1_4
P1_3
P1_2
P1_1
P1_0
P1_7
P1_6
P1_5
P0_4
P0_3
P0_2
P0_1
P0_0
P0_7
P0_6
P0_5
32.768 kHzCRYSTAL OSC
32 MHzCRYSTAL OSC
HIGH SPEEDRC-OSC
32 kHzRC-OSC
CLOCK MUX &CALIBRATION
RAM
I/O C
ON
TRO
LLER
USART 0
USART 1
TIMER 1 (16-bit)
TIMER 3 (8-bit)
TIMER 2(IEEE 802.15.4 MAC TIMER)
TIMER 4 (8-bit)
AESENCRYPTION
&DECRYPTION
WATCHDOG TIMER
RADIO DATA INTERFACE
IRQCTRL
FLASH
UNIFIED
FIFO
AN
D FR
AM
E CO
NTR
OL
AGC
RF_P RF_N
SYN
TH
MODULATORDEMODULATOR
POWER ON RESETBROWN OUT
RADIO REGISTERS
POWER MGT. CONTROLLER
SLEEP TIMER
PDATA
XRAM
IRAM
SFR
XOSC_Q2
XOSC_Q1
RECEIVECHAIN
TRANSMITCHAIN
ΔΣ ADCAUDIO / DC
DIGITAL
ANALOG
MIXED
VDD (2.0 - 3.6 V)
DCOPLON-CHIP VOLTAGE
REGULATOR
CSMA/CA STROBE PROCESSOR
FREQ
UEN
CY
SYN
THES
IZER
69
CC2430 Key features
• True IEEE 802.15.4 and ZigBee System-on-Chip– Industry-leading CC2420, MCU core, Flash memory
• Very low current consumption– RX: 27mA, TX: 25mA, including MCU running at 32MHz
• Advanced power saving modes– 1 μA in sleep mode with low speed RCOSC/XOSC timer
• 128 KB flash memory, 8 KB SRAM• Direct Memory Access – reduced MCU load• 14 bit ADC, 2 USARTs and 21 general I/O pins• Built-in MAC timer• Analog temperature sensor on-chip• Fully ZigBee Compliant Stack Available
70
CC2430 Application Circuit
• Few external components• QLP-48 package,
7x7 mm• Supply voltage range:
2.0V to 3.6V• Temperature range:
-40°C to +85°C (125 °C)
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
36
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 371
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
QLP487x7CC2430
R22
2.0 - 3.6V Power Supply
C42
C61
C71 C62
Antenna(50 Ohm)
L81
C81
L62L61
RESET_N
P1_6
P1_5
P1_4
P1_3
DVDD
P1_2
P1_1
P1_0
P0_0
P0_1
P1_7
P0_7
P0_2
P0_3
P0_4
P0_5
P0_6
XOS
C_Q
2
AC
DD
_SOC
XO
SC_Q
1
RB
IAS1
AV
DD
_RR
EG
RR
EG
_OU
T
AVDD_PRE
RF_P
RF_N
AVDD_SW
AVDD_RF1
TXRX_SWITCH
AVDD_RF2
AVDD_IF1
AVDD_CHP
VCO_GUARD
RBIAS2
AVDD_VCO
P2_4
P2_
2
DVD
D
P2_
1
P2_3
AV
DD
_DR
EG
DC
OU
PL
AVD
D_G
UA
RD
DV
DD
_AD
C
AVD
D_A
DC
AV
DD
_IF2
P2_
0
R451
C20
XTAL2
32.768kHz
C44 C43
or:
L61
Folded Dipole P
CB
Antenna
L71
32MHz
C23C25
71
CC2431 Application circuit
• DC filtering: 10 capacitors• 2 (4) capacitors for crystal(s)• 32 MHz crystal, 40ppm• Opt. 32.768 kHz crystal• 1 bias resistor• Balun
– 3 inductors– 4 capacitors
OR• Folded dipole antenna
– 2 inductors
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
36
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
QLP487x7CC2431
R22
2.0 - 3.6V Power Supply
C42
C61
C71 C62
Antenna(50 Ohm)
L81
C81
L62L61
RESET_N
P1_6
P1_5
P1_4
P1_3
DVDD
P1_2
P1_1
P1_0
P0_0
P0_1
P1_7
P0_7
P0_2
P0_3
P0_4
P0_5
P0_6
XO
SC
_Q2
AC
DD
_SOC
XO
SC
_Q1
RBIA
S1
AV
DD
_RR
EG
RR
EG
_OU
T
AVDD_PRE
RF_P
RF_N
AVDD_SW
AVDD_RF1
TXRX_SWITCH
AVDD_RF2
AVDD_IF1
AVDD_CHP
VCO_GUARD
RBIAS2
AVDD_VCO
P2_4
P2_2
DVD
D
P2_1
P2_3
AV
DD
_DR
EG
DC
OU
PL
AV
DD
_GU
AR
D
DVD
D_A
DC
AV
DD
_AD
C
AV
DD
_IF2
P2_0
R451
C20
XTAL2
32.768kHz
C44 C43
or:
L61
Folded Dipole P
CB
Antenna
L71
32MHz
C23C25
72
CC2431 – Block Diagram
Fully pin compatible
with Chipcon CC2430
System-on-Chip
ZigBee/ IEEE802.15.4
73
CC2431 Key specifications
• Supply voltage range : 2.0V to 3.6V• Temperature range : -40 to +85°C• QLP-48 package, 7x7 mm• Same RF interface and impedance as CC2420/30
– Identical RF design (balun, antennas) used with CC2420 / CC2430 can be utilised
• RF-performance equal to CC2420 / CC2430
74
CC2431 Specifications – Location Engine
• Based on RSSI measurement • Requires information from 3 to 8 reference nodes• Typical accuracy (location error) approx 3 meters • Resolution 0,5 meters• Time to estimate node location less than 40us
• Location range of each node 64m x 64m
75
• Content– Frequency Bands and application areas
– Product Generations
– Proprietary RF
– ZigBee
– Evaluation and development
76
World-class development tools & Technical support
• Evaluation kits• Development kits• Software debuggers• ZigBee specific tools• Skilled and dedicated support
team– In-depth RF knowledge– Support from design start to
end of product life time• World-wide training sessions• www.ti.com/chipcon or
www.chipcon.com– Complete technical
documentation– Reference designs– Software examples
78
CC2420 ZigBee DEVELOPMENT KIT 1
• Documentation– Quick start guide – User manual– Application notes
• Hardware– 5x Demonstration Board
(CC2420DB) – 1x Evaluation Board (CC2400EB)– 1x Evaluation Module (CC2420EM)– 1x Sample Kit (CC2420SK) – Atmel JTAG ICE mkII– RS-232 cables– USB cables– 2.4 GHz antenna – 6x global AC-to-DC adapters– 5x battery Clip
79
CC2420 ZigBee DEVELOPMENT KIT 2• Software
– Z-Stack – Sample Applications
• Home Control Lighting Profile• Sample application code for customer
specified profiles and applications– Profile Builder
• A Windows application simplifying the process of creating a new profile
– Configurator• A Windows application simplifying the
process of customizing a profile– Z-Trace
• ZigBee Protocol Stack Trace Tool• A Windows application for testing and
debugging the Z-Stack • Additional software
• Packet Sniffer (IEEE 802.15.4 and ZigBeeNWK/APS)
80
CC2430 ZDK ProZigbee Development Kit Pro
2 x SmartRF04EB Evaluation Boards2 x CC2430EM Evaluation Modules2 x 2.4GHz Antennas5 x CC2430DB Demonstration Boards1 x 10-wire flat cable for using
SmartRF04EB as emulator for external target
Z-Stack™ Industry leading ZigBee™compliant protocol stack
Z-Stack Configurator™Z-Stack Profile Builder™Z-Trace™ debug toolSmartRF® Studio configuration & test
toolChipcon Packet SnifferIAR EW8051 C-compiler with C-SPY
debugger CD ROM (60 days evaluation license)
2-day Z-Training6 months email support
81
2430DK Development kitCC2430DKHardware
2 x SmartRF04EB Evaluation Boards
2 x CC2430EM Evaluation Modules
2 x 2.4GHz Antennas
1 x 10-wire flat cable for using SmartRF04EB as emulator for external target
Chipcon Software
SmartRF® Studio configuration and test tool
Chipcon Packet Sniffer
3rd party Software
IAR EW8051 C-compiler with C-SPY debugger CD ROM (60 days evaluation license)
82
2431DK Development kitHardware
2 x SmartRF04EB Evaluation Boards10 x CC2431EM Evaluation Modules10 x 2.4GHz Antennas10 x battery pack boards1 x 10-wire flat cable for using SmartRF04EB as emulator for external targetChipcon Software
Chipcon Location Engine GUISmartRF® Studio configuration and test toolChipcon Packet Sniffer3rd party Software
IAR EW8051 C-compiler with C-SPY debugger CD ROM (60 days evaluation license)
84
Chipcon Packet sniffer• Displays RF data packets on the air• Advanced filters• Timeline display
– Shows all nodes in a network• Can be connected to all nodes in a
network• Supports IEEE 802.15.4/Zigbee
packets– Propriotary protocols supported by
plugins
86
Key Selling Points • Superior RF performance
- better sensitivity = longer range- better selectivity / blocking = less problems with interfering
signals (e.g. from Bluetooth / WLAN / Microwave Ovens)
• Lower power consumption- half the power in Rx/Tx- faster wake up times (CC 1.5ms / competitor over 20ms)- give much longer battery life
• Offers different MCU memory size- CC2430 e.g. 128KB, 64KB and 32KB- Suits for different devices: coordinator, Router, end device- 8k Bytes RAM size; good for security table in coordinator
87
Key Selling Points• Built-in digital features inside RF Transceiver/SoC
– reduces MCU loading means cheaper MCU to be used/more MCU resource for application software
– MAC layer security (based on AES-128 encryption)– Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) for collision avoidance– Acknowledge and retransmission of data packets – Packet Handling hardware support(PHY/MAC)– CRC built-in– Automatic address recognition– Digital RSSI/LQI (Link Quality Indication)
• Upgrade and Added Features on Zigbee Stack
88
ZigBee One-Stop-Shop Solutions – much more than a chip sale
• The complete ‘One-Stop-Shop’ solution
– RF Transceivers / SoC IC– Reference Hardware Designs / Design Kits– Hardware Support– ZigBee Compliant Stack– Extended Stack Features– Windows development platform for ZigBee– Commissioning Tools– Software Training and Support– Software NRE / API Development