RF Based

Home Security System

Presented By:

Keshari Nandan (1113331085)

Md. Aamir Khursheed (1113331106)

Manu Singh Gaur (1113331098)

Rohit Shukla (1113331161)

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Submitted to:

Mr. Yogesh Kr. Verma

(Asst. Professor ECE)

Contents

1. Introduction2. Block Diagram

3. Power Supply

4. Operational Amplifier

5. PIR Sensor

6. Gas Sensor

7. Fire Sensor

8. LDR

9. RF Encoder

10.RF Transmitter11.RF Receiver

12.RF Decoder

13.Working

14.Advantages

15.Applications16.Conclusion

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Introduction

The fear of theft and burglary always annoys many people. When

lock and keys become less safe, one can seek the help of electronic

security systems.

Such a portable security system is described here.

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Block Diagram 4

Power Supply

1. Transformer: An step down

Transformer is used which convert

240V AC Power supply to 12/24V

AC.

2. Diode(1N4007): Here four diode are

used. During the +ve cycle diode

D1 and D2 is conducting and

during the –ve cycle diode D3 and

D4 is conducting.

3. Smoothing Capacitor: Heresmoothing capacitor is used to

reduce the ripple.

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6Op-Amp(Operational Amplifier)

Here two op-amp are used(Because we are using 4 sensor and one

op-amp has the capacity to handle only two sensor).

Power Supply: Min: 3 Volt

Max: 32 Volt

Operating Temperature: Min: 0 C

Max: 70 C

Input Current: Max: 50 mA

7Passive Infrared Sensor(PIR)

PIR Sensor are used for tracking the movement.

If any moving body passes in front of the sensor

then sensor is activated and send a DC signal to the

out PIN.

PIR Sensor are having the two slot and these slots

are continuously sensing the temperature. If any

body passes to it the for a while the two slots are at

different temperature thus sensor turn on the output

PIN.

8Passive Infrared Sensor(PIR)

PIR Sensor are used for tracking the movement.

If any moving body passes in front of the sensor

then sensor is activated and send a DC signal to the

out PIN.

PIR Sensor are having the two slot and these slots

are continuously sensing the temperature. If any

body passes to it the for a while the two slots are at

different temperature thus sensor turn on the output

PIN.

9Gas Sensor

Gas sensor is used to sense the gases. It protect from

leakage of CNG gas(If security system is used to protect

the vehicle) or any harmful gas used by the thief during

the theft.

Gas sensor has SnO2 (Tin Oxide as sensing material),

heating plate and electrodes. When any gas comes in

contact with sensor then SnO2 start heating and

becomes conductor and two electrode becomes short

circuited and signal is send to the destination.

10Gas Sensor

Gas sensor is used to sense the gases. It protect from

leakage of CNG gas(If security system is used to protect

the vehicle) or any harmful gas used by the thief during

the theft.

Gas sensor has SnO2 (Tin Oxide as sensing material),

heating plate and electrodes. When any gas comes in

contact with sensor then SnO2 start heating and

becomes conductor and two electrode becomes short

circuited and signal is send to the destination.

11Fire Sensor

Fire sensor is used to detect fire flame

around it.

Fire sensor uses a comparator into it.

one terminal of fire sensor is set by the

potentiometer and other is connected

by sensor terminal and by default both

terminal are at same potential.

When sensor senses heat near it then

the voltage of one terminal get

changed and comparator output

becomes greater than zero and signal

is send to the destination.

12Light Detecting Resistor(LDR)

Light Detecting Resistor is used to detect the light in

night.

LDR has coating of conducting material(Electrode)

and it is separated an insulator material(only in

absence of light) known an Cadmium Sulphide.

When light is incident on the Cadmium Sulphide then

it become an conducting material and both the

electrode becomes short circuited.

13Light Dependant Resistor(LDR)

Light Dependant Resistor is used to detect the light in

night.

LDR has coating of conducting material(Electrode)

and it is separated by an insulator material(only in

absence of light) known an Cadmium Sulphide.

When light is incident on the Cadmium Sulphide then

it becomes a conducting material and both the

electrode becomes short circuited.

14RF Encoder

HT12E – 18DIP is an encoder and used to encode signal

coming from the op-amp and send to the transmitter.

HT12E has:

18 PIN

2.4-12 operating voltage.

low power dissipation.

High noise immunity.

38kHz for infrared transmission.

It has 8 address line and 4 data line.

It can accept 4 bits parallel data from its input terminal.

Output of serial data is fed into external RF Transmitter.

15RF Transmitter

RF Transmitter is used to transmit the incoming serial signal to the

receiver.

RF Module uses the frequency of 433 MHz and Amplitude shift

keying modulation.

Range of 433MHz RF Transmitter is 100 meters in standard

conditions.

Supply Voltage is 3 ~ 6 Volt.

Output Power is 4 ~ 12 dBm.

16RF Receiver

RF Receiver is used to received the incoming RF

Signal and convert back to the serial signal and

send to the decoder.

RF Receiver has low power consumption and its

require 5 Volt and 3.5 mA current to run.

It also operate at the frequency of 433 MHz

with the sensitivity of 105 dBm.

17RF Decoder

RF decoder takes the serial signal coming from receiver and

convert it into electrical signal and further it send this

electrical signal to Alarm.

RF Decoder has 4 data line and 8 address line. It is an 18 PIN

IC.

It has low power dissipation and high noise immunity CMOS

Technology.

It is capable of decoding 12 bit of information.

18Working

The system has two main parts: an intruder sensor cum transmitter and a receiver. The intruder sensor

reacts to light, fire, gas and mechanical movements. When the sensor detects a disturbance, the

transmitter gets triggered and begins to send wireless signals.

The receiver placed away from the transmitter receives the signals and produces an audio alarm. At

the same time, a relay switch is turned on so that other security systems can be energized through

this relay.

19Advantages

Track and alerts from unwanted and suspicious movements.

Warn us against hazardous fire.

The system has DC operated function with portable receiver.

Deters crime and protect valuables.

20Applications

Can be used in locker.

Can be used to protect costly garments.

Can be used to protect vehicle against theft.

Securance System is the company which is using the same concept to protect ATMs against theft.

21Conclusion

In this project we implemented Home security system comprising Wireless alerts using RF signals

as communication standards. The hardware equipment is tested and result is obtained. This

project is cost effective. Implementation of this project in present day will effectively provide a

peace of mind to the residents. This project can be implemented both in apartments and

General stores as well.

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Thank You