1RF Based Home Security System

Presented By:Keshari Nandan

(1113331085)Md. Aamir Khursheed

(1113331106)Manu Singh Gaur

(1113331098)Rohit Shukla (1113331161)

Submitted to:Mr. Yogesh Kr. Verma(Asst. Professor ECE)

2Contents1. Introduction2. Block Diagram3. Power Supply4. Operational Amplifier5. PIR Sensor6. Gas Sensor7. Fire Sensor8. LDR9. RF Encoder10.RF Transmitter11.RF Receiver12.RF Decoder13.Working14.Advantages15.Applications16.Conclusion

3Introduction

The fear of theft and burglary always annoys many people. When

lock and keys become less safe, one can seek the help of electronic

security systems.

Such a portable security system is described here.

4Block Diagram

5Power Supply1. Transformer: An step down

Transformer is used which convert 240V AC Power supply to 12/24V AC.

2. Diode(1N4007): Here four diode are used. During the +ve cycle diode D1 and D2 is conducting and during the –ve cycle diode D3 and D4 is conducting.

3. Smoothing Capacitor: Here smoothing capacitor is used to reduce the ripple.

6Op-Amp(Operational Amplifier)

Here two op-amp are used(Because we are using 4 sensor and one op-amp has the capacity to handle only two sensor).

Power Supply: Min: 3 VoltMax: 32

Volt

Operating Temperature: Min: 0 CMax: 70

C

Input Current: Max: 50 mA

7Passive Infrared Sensor(PIR)

PIR Sensor are used for tracking the movement.

If any moving body passes in front of the sensor then sensor is activated and send a DC signal to the out PIN.

PIR Sensor are having the two slot and these slots are continuously sensing the temperature. If any body passes to it the for a while the two slots are at different temperature thus sensor turn on the output PIN.

8Passive Infrared Sensor(PIR)

PIR Sensor are used for tracking the movement.

If any moving body passes in front of the sensor then sensor is activated and send a DC signal to the out PIN.

PIR Sensor are having the two slot and these slots are continuously sensing the temperature. If any body passes to it the for a while the two slots are at different temperature thus sensor turn on the output PIN.

9Gas Sensor

Gas sensor is used to sense the gases. It protect from leakage of CNG gas(If security system is used to protect the vehicle) or any harmful gas used by the thief during the theft.

Gas sensor has SnO2 (Tin Oxide as sensing material), heating plate and electrodes. When any gas comes in contact with sensor then SnO2 start heating and becomes conductor and two electrode becomes short circuited and signal is send to the destination.

10Gas Sensor

Gas sensor is used to sense the gases. It protect from leakage of CNG gas(If security system is used to protect the vehicle) or any harmful gas used by the thief during the theft.

Gas sensor has SnO2 (Tin Oxide as sensing material), heating plate and electrodes. When any gas comes in contact with sensor then SnO2 start heating and becomes conductor and two electrode becomes short circuited and signal is send to the destination.

11Fire Sensor

Fire sensor is used to detect fire flame around it.

Fire sensor uses a comparator into it. one terminal of fire sensor is set by the potentiometer and other is connected by sensor terminal and by default both terminal are at same potential.

When sensor senses heat near it then the voltage of one terminal get changed and comparator output becomes greater than zero and signal is send to the destination.

12Light Detecting Resistor(LDR)

Light Detecting Resistor is used to detect the light in night.

LDR has coating of conducting material(Electrode) and it is separated an insulator material(only in absence of light) known an Cadmium Sulphide.

When light is incident on the Cadmium Sulphide then it become an conducting material and both the electrode becomes short circuited.

13Light Dependant Resistor(LDR)

Light Dependant Resistor is used to detect the light in night.

LDR has coating of conducting material(Electrode) and it is separated by an insulator material(only in absence of light) known an Cadmium Sulphide.

When light is incident on the Cadmium Sulphide then it becomes a conducting material and both the electrode becomes short circuited.

14RF Encoder

HT12E – 18DIP is an encoder and used to encode signal coming from the op-amp and send to the transmitter.

HT12E has:18 PIN2.4-12 operating voltage.low power dissipation.High noise immunity.38kHz for infrared

transmission.It has 8 address line and 4

data line.

It can accept 4 bits parallel data from its input terminal.

Output of serial data is fed into external RF Transmitter.

15RF Transmitter

RF Transmitter is used to transmit the incoming serial signal to the receiver.

RF Module uses the frequency of 433 MHz and Amplitude shift keying modulation.

Range of 433MHz RF Transmitter is 100 meters in standard conditions.

Supply Voltage is 3 ~ 6 Volt.

Output Power is 4 ~ 12 dBm.

16RF Receiver

RF Receiver is used to received the incoming RF Signal and convert back to the serial signal and send to the decoder.

RF Receiver has low power consumption and its require 5 Volt and 3.5 mA current to run.

It also operate at the frequency of 433 MHz with the sensitivity of 105 dBm.

17RF Decoder

RF decoder takes the serial signal coming from receiver and convert it into electrical signal and further it send this electrical signal to Alarm.

RF Decoder has 4 data line and 8 address line. It is an 18 PIN IC.

It has low power dissipation and high noise immunity CMOS Technology.

It is capable of decoding 12 bit of information.

18Working

The system has two main parts: an intruder sensor cum transmitter and a receiver. The intruder sensor reacts to light, fire, gas and mechanical movements. When the sensor detects a disturbance, the transmitter gets triggered and begins to send wireless signals.

The receiver placed away from the transmitter receives the signals and produces an audio alarm. At the same time, a relay switch is turned on so that other security systems can be energized through this relay.

19Advantages

Track and alerts from unwanted and suspicious movements.

Warn us against hazardous fire.

The system has DC operated function with portable receiver.

Deters crime and protect valuables.

20Applications

Can be used in locker.

Can be used to protect costly garments.

Can be used to protect vehicle against theft.

Securance System is the company which is using the same concept to protect ATMs against theft.

21Conclusion

In this project we implemented Home security system comprising Wireless alerts using RF signals as communication standards. The hardware equipment is tested and result is obtained. This project is cost effective. Implementation of this project in present day will effectively provide a peace of mind to the residents. This project can be implemented both in apartments and General stores as well.

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Thank You