revíziós próbakiadás: a királyok második könyve

8/6/2019 Revzis prbakiads: A kirlyok msodik knyve

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N ab}hrja dwjiba afre }e|bw p}mnabniw Dnkrn} Mbmhbny}wuhny( >2;5( >22?( =?>>

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l abniw N ab}hrja dwjiba afre

N| >2;5$mef deklehefy w >22?$mef }ebiehy p}jyewyfw l `j}iyw Mbmhbn heklnmm

}e|blfna p}mnabniwy yn}yln ae|mef n Ybw|yehy Jhnw& N Dnkrn} Mbmhbny}wuhny =??0$mnf ae|ieyy cj|| n }e|b ehaw|ywce|( n| w|}eyehea krlywce|& Dufafa djwy luyjyyeh n}}n n pjfy}n( cjkr n| ekrc|b mbmhbnjhnw a|hedfr eh y}cnylua n W|ekkjfij|Mb|jyywk }e|bw dufalfna krdhgweby( a|ya N ab}hrja dwjiba afry&

N mbmhbnb w|ek kjfij|wn wj}f n aeyae| }e|bw nhnpeheace| bkreae|yfayn}ynfb dnkuany< >& @bkrehedme eyya w }yaehya n| >22? w =??3 a|yy me}ae|eyyw|}eyeheaey w lnnwhnyjany& =& Dek afyua }b|fb n| l `j}iyw Mbmhbn nhnpeyw|eka}bybanb w `j}iywb ifyweby #n `j}dhbw w n ibfndbauw eabnhefgbn abekrefwhrj|jyynhanhdn|wn"( n mbmhbnb w|ek ynkjhwy w n| edehaeieyy( dnb mew|hy a|frehb w|bfyey&E|eaef n ye}heyeaef gwna naaj} hyj|ynyyufa n| l `j}iyw w|ekf( cn n|y n dnb}w}yehde|wb w `j}iywehdheyb ajfw|ef|uw dekaeyehye& 7& Lnyjyyua n èhbwde}y

frjdincbmany( `j}iywb yeiweaey w n}gcnbauw #n dnb mew|hy frehmef d} fedcnw|fhnyjw" abèle|weaey& 9& Bkreae|yfa lnynfb n `j}iyw ekrwkewwkf(aeyae|eyewwkf& 5& Y}eaeiyfa n l dnkrn}wk frehb dekjhiwja}n( nhndbfy n}}n(cjkr n| l mbmhbnb w|ek èhjhnwn #w|w|ab cnw|fhny" bw lh cnfkj||a& Hekàppefpeibk n|y }edhla( cjkr n }e|bw dufan e}eidfreafy Bwyef bkle dk bfamm }yceyef wybw|ymmnf w|hnhcny dek dnkrn} frehef&

N djwy a|mef yn}yjyy w|ekey n Dnkrn} Mbmhbny}wuhny ynkekrc|nbfna cbnynhjwcjfhnplnbf( pi` `j}dyudmnf lehefyeyla dek&

Aw|fla n| eiibk anpjyy w|}eyeheaey( w n}}n w|e}eyffa a}fb dbfiefaby( cjkr n}ebiehy w|ekkeh anpgwjhnyjw hedfreh my}nf ae}ewwef dek mefffaey n|bf`jOmbmhbnyn}wuhny&cu e$dnbh gdef nkr hehmef n >>>7 Muinpewy( Mjgwanb y 75&

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Dnkrn} Mbmhbny}wuhny


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N AB]HRJA DWJIBA AFRPE

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Ncn|l ab}hr w Bhhw p}`yn>Ncm cnhhn uyf Dm ehp}yjhy B|}ehyh&

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Ncn|l Wnd}bmnf heeweyy èhw w|jmlmh n aj}hyjf ae}ew|yh( w dekmeyekeieyy&Eaaj} ehahiyy fcfr aeyey e||eh n| uynwywwnh< Defleyea( w a}ie||yea dekMnnh|emmjy( Ea}f bwyefy( cjkr dekkrkruhja$e emmh n meyekwkmh. 7N| ] nfkrnhnn|jfmnf kr w|hy n ybwmeb Bhhwce|< Bfiuhl( defl eh Wnd}bn ab}hrfna n aeyeb eh( w krw|hl cj||lua< Ynhf fbfgw Bwyef B|}ehmef( cjkr yb Mnnh|emmjy( Ea}f bwyefy defyeadeka}ie|fb: 9E|}y kr w|h n| ]< Fed aehw| `h ymm nmmh n| krmh( ndehrmef djwyèaw|eh( cnfed dek `jkw| cnhfb. E||eh Bhhw ehdefy&

5Ndbaj} n aeyea bww|ny}yea n ab}hrcj|( deka}ie|ye yha< Db}y y}yeyeabww|n: 0N|ja kr èhehyea feab< Ekr `}`b lyy ehfa w|edme( w e|y djfiyn feafa?Bhhw kr èhehy n pn}nfgwfjafna< Cn f n| Bwyef edme}e nkrja(gwnpljf he y| n| kmh( w edww|ef dek ykei yef edme}eiieh ekryy. Eaaj} y| gwnpjyy hen| kmh( w dekedw|yeyye y yef edme}eh ekryy& >>N ab}hr ehahiye cj|| ekr dwbapn}nfgwfjay bw yef edme}eh( nab e|y djfiyn feab< Bwyef edme}e. N|y |efb n ab}hr( cjkrn|jffnh kre}e he. >=Ie Bhhw kr èhehy feaba< Cn f n| Bwyef edme}e nkrja( gwnpljf he y| n|kmh( w edww|ef dek ykei yef edme}eiieh ekryy. Eaaj} Bwyef y|e hegwnpjyy n| kmh(w dekedw|yeyye y yef edme}eh ekryy& >7Dk ekr cn}dniba pn}nfgwfjay bw ehahiyeyef edme}eh ekryy& N cn}dniba pn}nfgwfja n|jfmnf nhbkcjkr `h}y( y}i}e }jkrjyy Bhhwehyy( w kr afr}kyy cj||< Bwyef edme}e. A}hea( adhi dek n| heyed w yefw|jhkifna n| heyy. >9Hwi( y| gwnpjyy he n| kmh( w dekedw|yeyye n| ehmmb aypn}nfgwfjajy w n|ja yef edme}y& Ie djwy adhi dek n| heyed.

>5Eaaj} n| ] nfkrnhn kr w|hy Bhhwce|< Defl eh ehe( fe `hl yhe. Ehbfiuhy yecy( wehdefy ehe n ab}hrcj|& >0kr w|hy cj||< E|y djfiln n| ]< Dbeh aeyeaey ahiyh( cjkrdeka}ie|i Mnnh|emmjy( Ea}f bwyefy( dbfycn B|}ehmef fed jhfn Bwyef( nabfea n| bklydeka}ie|ceyfi( n|}y fed aehw| `h n| krmh( ndehrmef èaw|eh( cnfed dek `jkw| cnhfb.>;

Dek bw cnhy n| ]

bkle w|e}bfy( ndehrey Bhhw djfijyy& Dbeh feab fed jhy `bn( uyfn L}dheyy n ab}hr( n linb L}d ab}hrfna( Lw`y `bfna n dwjiba mef& >3Ncn|l ekrm ijhknb(ndehreaey kce|byy( dek nffna }n n| B|}eh ab}hrnbfna y}yfey}h w|h afrmef&

=Bwyef dnkcj| }nkniln Bhhwy>Ndbaj} n| ] Bhhwy `j}kw|hmef n| kme nan}yn }nknifb( Bhhw w Ehb|euw ehdefy Kbhkhmh&=Bhhw e|y djfiyn Ehb|euwfna< Dn}nil byy( de}y efked Myehme ahiyy n| ]& Ie Ehb|euw krèhehy< N| h ]}n w n| heyed}e djfijd( cjkr fed cnkrhna eh. Ehdefyea yecy Myehme& 7Nmyehb p}`ynynfyfrja jindefyea Ehb|euwcj|( w e|y djfiya feab< Yuiji$e( cjkr n| ]dn eh}nkniln dehhhei u}niny: kr èhehy< f bw yuijd( ie cnhhknwwnyja. 9Naaj} e|y djfiyn

feab Bhhw< Dn}nil byy( Ehb|euw( de}y efked Le}bamn ahiyy n| ]& n|jfmnf kr èhehy< N|h ]}n w n| heyed}e djfijd( cjkr fed cnkrhna eh. Dek}ae|yea cy Le}bamn& 5N le}bab


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p}`ynynfyfrja jinhpyea Ehb|euwcj|( w e|y djfiya feab< Yuiji$e( cjkr n| ] dneh}nkniln dehhhei u}niny: kr èhehy< f bw yuijd( ie cnhhknwwnyja. 0N|uyf e|y djfiynfeab Bhhw< Dn}nil byy( de}y n| ] n Lj}ifcj| ahiyy efked& kr èhehy< N| h ]}n w n|heyed}e djfijd( cjkr fed cnkrhna eh. kr cy ekryy( aeyyef defyea yjmm& ;Peha defyyef p}`ynynfyfr bw( w ndbaj} a aeyyef dekhhyna n Lj}iffh( yha yjhnmm n|ja bw

dekhhyna&3

Bhhw `jkyn n pnhwyly( ww|ekfkrhye( w }yyy ehe n |}e( db}e n| aeyyhy( apeibk dbfiaeyyef w|}n|jf defyea y }nlyn&2Ndbaj} y}yea( Bhhw e|y djfiyn Ehb|euwfna< A}l nhndby( dekyew|ed( dbehyy

eh}nkniynyjd yhei& Ehb|euw kr èhehy< Luwwjf feaed ayw|e}ew }w| n meffei dufahajihheamh. >? e}}e kr èhehy< Fece|ey a}yh& Cn hyw| efked( ndbaj} eh}nkniynyjd yhei( naaj}kr hew|1 ie cn fed( naaj} fed hew| kr& >>Ndbaj} n|uyf mew|hkeye yjmmdefyea( cb}yehefekr y|ew cn}gb ajgwb lehefy dek y|ew hjnaanh( w ehhnw|yjyyn aey ekrdwyh& kr defy `hBhhw `j}kw|hmef n| kme& >=Ehb|euw hyyn e|y( w kr abhyj|jyy< Nyrd( nyrd( B|}eh cn}gbajgwbln w nffna cnlyln. N|uyf fed hyyn y ymm& Eaaj} dek}nkniyn n }ucly( w ayin}nm}n ypye& >7Dnli `hedehye Bhhw heeweyy pnhwyly( w dekbfy jinhhy n Lj}if pn}yl}n&>9@jkyn Bhhw heeweyy pnhwyly( }yyy ehe n |}e( w kr w|hy< Cjh nf n| ]( Bhhw Bwyefe( cjh

nf : Ndbaj} }yyy n |}e( n| aeyyhy( Ehb|euw peibk ydefy }nlyn& >5Hyya e|y n le}babp}`ynynfyfrja( naba yehhefmef jhyna( w e|y djfiya< N| Bhhwmef dufahaji hheaEhb|euw}n w|hhy. w ehle defe n `hi}e mj}uhyna ehyye& >0Dnli e|y djfiya feab< Pnf byy n yew|jhkbi a|yy yef edme}( myj} `}`bna< cnii deflefea eh dekae}ewfb u}niny( cycn n| ]hehae }nkniyn eh( w heyeyye nhndehrba cekr}e nkr hkrme& Ie kr èhehy< Fe ahileyeawefaby. >;Niibk$niibk ufw|jhya n|jfmnf( dk kh n|y djfiyn< Cy ahileyea. Eh bw ahiyan| yef edme}y1 n|ja c}jd fnpbk ae}ewya( ie fed ynhhya dek& >3Pbww|ny}yea n|}y cj||(de}y dk Le}bamnf yn}y|ajijyy& kr w|hy cj||lua< Djfiynd feayea( cjkr fe defleyea&

Ehb|euw ehwgwjib>2Ekrw|e} n }jwmehbea e|y djfiya Ehb|euwfna< U}nd( dnkni bw hyji( cjkr e| n }jw lhnacehr( ie n b|e }jww|( w n `hile ye}daeyhef& =?E}}e kr èhehy< Cj||nyja bie ekr l yhny(w yekreyea mehe wy. Jin bw byya feab& => peibk abdefy n | `j}}wcj|( wy ijmjyy mehe( we|y djfiyn< kr w|h n| ]< Dekkrkryjd e|y n b|ey( fed jaj| ymm cnhhy wye}daeyhefwkey& ==w n | dekkrkruhy( kr nf e| dk dn bw( Ehb|euw w|nn w|e}bfy(ndehrey abdjfijyy&

=7Jffnf n|uyf ehdefy Myehme& Dba|mef `hèh defy n| yjf( abw`ba lyyea ab n}jwmh( w kr gw`jhya y< Defl `h( ajpnw|. Defl `h( ajpnw|. =9 n|jfmnf cy}n`j}iuhy(}lua f|eyy( w dekyaj|yn aey n| ] femef& Eaaj} ay fwyfr deie lyy ab n| e}imh(w w|yw|nkknyjyy a|ha fekrefay kre}deaey& =5Bffef `hdefy n An}deh$cekr}e( jffnfpeibk bww|ny}y Wnd}bmn&

7L}d cmj}ln Dm ehhef>L}d( Ncm `bn Lw`yfna( Lin ab}hrfna n yb|effrjhgniba mef heyy B|}eh ab}hrnWnd}bmnf( w yb|efay bk u}nhajijyy& =N|y yeyye( ndby }jww|fna hy n| ]( m} fed nffrb}n(dbfy npln w nfrln( de}y ehyjhyjyyn Mnnh w|efy jw|hjpy( ndehrey npln aw|yyeyeyy& 7Ie}nknw|ajijyy Le}jmjdfna( Femy `bfna n yace|( nab yeame byye B|}ehy( fed ykyjyynyyh&

9Dwn( Dm ab}hrn lucyefrw|ywweh `jkhnhaj|jyy( w B|}eh ab}hrfna w||e|e} c|jyym}fry dek w||e|e} ajwy aehheyy w|hhynfbn krnplnwyuh& 5Ie ndbaj} Ncm dekcnhy( Dmab}hrn èhh|niy B|}eh ab}hrn ehhef& 0L}d ab}hr e|}y ekr aby|yy fnpjf abjfuhy

Wnd}bmh( w w|dmn eyye ekw| B|}ehy(;

dnli e|y n| |efeyey ahiye Lw`yfna( Linab}hrfna< Dm ab}hrn èhh|niy ehhefed& Ehlww|$e ehed cn}gjhfb Dm ehhef: kr


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èhehy< Ehdekrea f ppkr( dbfy ye( n| f fped ppkr( dbfy n ye fpei( n| f hjnbdppkr( dbfy n ye hjnbi& 3Dnli deka}ie|ye< Dehrba yjf jfuhlufa `h: kr èhehy< Eidpuw|ylf y&

2Ehdefy yecy B|}eh ab}hrn( Lin ab}hrn w Eid ab}hrn& D} cy fnpln mjhrjfkynan| yjf( w fed jhy b|e n we}ekfea( wed n| uyfua cnlyjyy hhnyjafna& >?Naaj} e|y djfiyn

B|}eh ab}hrn< Cy n|}y cyn ww|e n| ] e|y n c}jd ab}hry( cjkr Dm ae|me niln aey:>>Ie Lw`y kr w|hy< Fbfgw byy n| ]fna ekr p}`yln( nab hynh deka}ie|ceyffa n| U]ny:B|}eh ab}hrfna ekrba edme}e kr hnw|jhy< Byy nf Ehb|euw( W`y `bn( nab Bhhw ynfyfrnjhy& >=Lw`y kr w|hy< Pnhmnf n| ] bkle w|h }nlyn ae}ew|yh& Ehdefy yecy cj|| B|}ehab}hrn w Lw`y( dek Eid ab}hrn& >7Ehb|euw n|jfmnf e|y djfiyn B|}eh ab}hrfna< Weddba|fa wbfgw ekrdwcj|& E}eil npi p}`ybcj|( dek nfri p}`ybcj|. Ie B|}eh ab}hrnkr w|hy cj||< Fe djfii e|y. Cbw|ef n| ] cyn ww|e e|y n c}jd ab}hry( cjkr Dmae|me niln aey& >9Ehb|euw kr èhehy< N We}ekea h U]}n djfijd( nabfea n w|jhkhnymnfhhja( cjkr cn fed f|fd Lw`yfna( Lin ab}hrfna n w|edhry( }i wed f|fa( w|}ewed effhea. >5Ie djwy cj||nyja bie ekr hnfyjwy. Ndbaj} n hnfyjw lyw|nfb ae|ieyy( n| ]ae|e dek}bfyeyye n p}`yy& >0kr w|hy< E|y djfiln n| ]< Gwbfhlnyja wja ki}y emmef n

pnynadeie}mef& >;De}y e|y djfiln n| ]< Fed hyyja w|ehey( fed hyyja ewy( dkbw dekyehbae| n pnynadeie} ||eh( w bcnyyja yb bw( n frlnbyja dek n dhcw hhnyja bw& >3Ie e|gweahrwk n| ]fna& dk Dmjy bw n ae|eyeame niln& >2Hee}yea dbfief deke}wyeyy wekrm `jfyjw }jwy& Abkyja dbfief ye}d `y( meydya dbfief `j}}wy( w aeaaehyew|yea yfa}e dbfief l w|fy`hiey. =?Y}yfy dwfnp }ekkeh( n| yehhij|ny bielf( cjkrekrw|e}}e gwna | }niy Eid èhh( w dekyehy n| n bia ||eh&

=>Ndbaj} dekcnhhjyyn ekw| Dm( cjkr cn}gmn jfuhyna ehhefa e|ea n ab}hrja(èkre}me w|hyjyyna dbfief èkre}`jkcny edme}y( wy dk n| biwemmeaey bw( w `hhhyna ncny}jf& ==]ekkeh ndbaj} `haehyea( n fnp }wyyy n |}e( w n dmbna }whefb hyyadnkua ehyy n b|ey( dbfy n }y& =7Naaj} e|y djfiya< E| }. Mb|jfrjwnf ekrdw}n ydniynan ab}hrja( w hee}ya ekrdwy& Djwy yecy |wadfr}n( Dm. =9Ie ndbaj} jin}yea B|}ehymj}cj|( dekbfiuhy B|}eh( deke}ye n dmbnany( w n|ja dekùyndjiyna ehha& Ie uyfuafrjduhyna( w w|ye}ya n dmbnany& =5N }jwjany he}jdmjhya( n l w|fy`hieaey dbfiyeheijmhya aeh( dbfief `j}}wy meydyea( w dbfief ye}d `y abkyna& Gwupf A}$Cn}ewey a`nhnb dn}niyna pea( ie n|y bw a}heyya w hyya n pn}byyrwja& =0Ndbaj} Dmab}hrn hyyn( cjkr fed m}ln yjmm n cn}gjy( dnkn dehh eyy cyw|| an}i`j}kny edme}y(cjkr ae}ew|yhy}lefea Eid ab}hrfh( ie fed yuiyna& =;Naaj} `jkyn ehww|hyy `by( nabuyfn heyy jhfn n ab}hr( w èhhij|yn khij|nyafy n }`nhjf& Edbnyy jhrnf fnkrèhcmj}jiw ydniy B|}ehmef( cjkr `hae}eaeiyea w bww|ny}yea cn|luamn&

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Ehb|euw gwjiln n| jhnllnh>Ekrw|e} ekr p}`ynynfyfr èhewke kr abhyjyy Ehb|euwcj|< @}led( n ye w|jhki dekcnhy1w ye bw yuiji( cjkr n ye w|jhki `hye n| U]ny& Djwy ehlyy n cbyehe|( cjkr ehbkre dnknh nay kre}deaedey }nmw|jhkfna& =Ehb|euw deka}ie|ye yhe< Dby yeceyea }yei: Djfii dekfeaed( db nf n c|nimnf: N| nww|jfr kr èhehy< Fbfgwef ekrm n ye w|jhkhhefrjic|mnf( gwna ekr aj}w jhnl& 7Ehb|euw e|y djfiyn< Defl( a}l ahgwf eifreaey n| uygmnfdbfief w|jdw|ijiyh( }ew eifreaey( ie fe aeewey& 9N|uyf defl cn|n( |}i me dnkni w`bnbi dkyy n| nlyy( w yhyw e|eame n| eifreame. Ndehrba dekyehy( yeii `h}e. 5N| nww|jfrehdefy( w me|}yn dnkn w `bnb dkyy n| nlyy& N|ja ehle }naya n| eifreaey( peibkyhykeyeyy& 0Ndbaj} dekyehyea n| eifrea( e|y djfiyn n| ekrba `bfna< Ykr ehd dk ekreifry. Ie n| kr èhehy feab< Fbfgw ymm eifr& E|uyf fed `jhry ymm jhnl& ;N| nww|jfr

ehdefy n| Bwyef edme}ce|( w ehmew|hye e|y& peibk kr w|hy< E}eil( nii eh n| jhnlny( w`b|ewi ab n| niwwkjiny& Ndb peibk dekdn}ni( nmmh hl n `bnbiinh ekryy.


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Ehb|euw w n wfdb nww|jfr `bn3Ekrw|e} Ehb|euw ehdefy Wfdmn& Pjhy jyy ekr ldi nww|jfr( nab dn}nw|ynhfb w|jayn y(cjkr jyy ekra& E|}y ncfrw|j} gwna n}}n l}y( mey}y cj|| effb& 2N| nww|jfr kr w|hy n`}lce|< F|i gwna( f yuijd( cjkr Bwyef w|efy edme}e n|( nab dbfibk mey} cj||fa&>?

pywfa feab ekr abw èhw w|jmy( yekrfa mehe feab krny( nw|ynhy( w|aey w dgwewy( cjkrjyy w|hhljf dek( ndbaj} cj||fa lf. >>Y}yfy ekrw|e}( cjkr jin}ae|eyy Ehb|euw( dekw|hhyn èhw w|jmmnf( w heèaiy jyy& >=Dnli e|y djfiyn Kcn|bfna( n w|jhklfna< Ci bie e|y nwfdb nww|jfry. N| jincyn n| nww|jfry( nab dekhhy ehyye& >7Dk e|y bw djfiyn nw|jhklfna< Djfii dek feab< Hyjd( cjkr dbhref `bkrehdewef kjfijwajiw| }hufa& Dbyyeceyea }yei: Fbfgw$e nhndb( ndb}h w|y hycnyfa n| }ieaeimef n ab}hhrnh nkr ncniwe}ekpn}nfgwfjaanh: Ie kr èhehy< Cbw|ef byy hnajd( n wnly fped a}mef& >9Ehb|euwe|y djfiyn< Dkbw dby yeceyfa }yei: Kcn|b a|mew|hy< Cbw|ef fbfgw `bn( n `}le dek }ek&>5Ehb|euw kr w|hy< Ci bie n| nww|jfry. Ndbaj} jincyn( n| dekhhy n| nlymnf& >0Ehb|euwkr w|hy< Ekr dhn `by hehw|& N| nww|jfr kr èhehy< Ukrnf( u}nd( Bwyef edme}e( fedywi n ye w|jhkhhefrjiny. >;Ie yece}me eweyy n| nww|jfr( w ekr dhn `by w|hy

nmmnf n| bimef( ndehrey Ehb|euw dekdjfijyy feab&>3Ndbaj} fnkrjmm heyy n kre}dea( abdefy ekrw|e} n| npln uyf n| n}nyacj|& >2Ekrw|e}gwna n|y djfiyn n| nplfna< Lnl n èled( n èled. N| npln dekpn}nfgwjhyn n w|jhklfna( cjkrbkre eh n| nfrlcj|& =?N| `h bw eyye( w ehbyye n| nfrlcj|1 jyy hikhy n| hmef ihbk(naaj} n|yf dekcnhy& =>N| nfrln `hdefy( w heèayeyye Bwyef edme}fea n| kr}n( }|}yn n|nlyy( w ehdefy& ==Jincyn n `}ly( w kr w|hy< Ahil bie ekr w|jhky dek ekr w|ndn}ny(cnii wbewwea eh n| Bwyef edme}ce|( n|yf bww|ny}ea& =7Ie n| deka}ie|ye< Db}y dkr dncj||: Cbw|ef fbfgw wed lcjhi( wed w|jdmny. N| nww|jfr kr w|hy< Cnkrl maf. =9w`hfre}kehye n w|ndn}ny( dnli e|y djfiyn n w|jhklfna< Cnlywi krj}wnf n| hhnyjy( w fenanihrj|| n kynywmnf( ndk fed w|hja feaei. =5Ehdefy yecy( w dek}ae|eyy Bwyefedme}ce| n An}deh$cekr}e& Ndbaj} Bwyef edme}e yjh}h dekhyyn y( kr w|hy Kcn|bcj|( nw|jhklcj|< F|i gwna( n| jyy n wfdb nww|jfr. =0@uww ehle( w a}ie|i dek( cjkr lh nf$e( lh nf$e n `}le( w lh nf$e n kre}deae: N| nww|jfr kr èhehy< Lh. =;Ie ndbaj} jin}y n|Bwyef edme}ce| n cekr}e( yan}jhyn n hmy& Kcn|b jinhpeyy( cjkr `h}eynw|ywn( ie n| Bwyefedme}e kr w|hy< Fe mfywi( cbw|ef eh nf aewe}eie( w n| ] ehybyajhyn ehhed( fed

lehefyeyye ab e|y feaed& =3N| nww|jfr e|y djfiyn< U}nd( ynhf f a}yed `by: Fed n|ydjfiynd( cjkr fe cbyekeww efked:. =2Naaj} Ehb|euw kr w|hy Kcn|bcj|< e|i èh nie}eaniny( eii ae|eime n mjyjdny( w bfiuhl. Cn nhnabeh ynhhaj|jh( fe aw|fl feab( w cnfeaei aw|ffea( fe hnw|jhl. Yeii n mjyjdny n `b n}g}n. 7?Ie n `b nfrln kr w|hy< N| h]}n w n| heyed}e djfijd( cjkr fed cnkrhna byy. Ehbfiuhy yecy Ehb|euw( w defy n|nww|jfr uyf&

7>

Kcn|b d} ehyya jin}y( w n mjyjy n `b n}g}n yeyye( ie n| fed w|hy w fedduynyjyy heylehey& Pbww|ny}y yecy Ehb|euwcj|( w lehefyeyye feab( cjkr fed m}eiy èh n `b&

7=Eaaj} Ehb|euw medefy n c|mn( ncjh n `b cjhynf èaiy n| krf& 77Medefy( me|}yn aeyyladkyy n| nlyy( w bdiaj|jyy n| ]cj|& 79Dnli èhhpeyy n| kr}n( }èaiy n kre}dea}e( w}yeyye w|ly n w|l}n( w|edy n w|ed}e( yefre}y n yefre}}e& Ncjkr kr }cnljhy(`hdehekeieyy n kre}dea yewye& 75N|uyf ekr in}nmbk `h$nh l}ahy n c|mnf( dnli bwdyjinhpeyy( w }cnljhy& Eaaj} n `b yww|efyeyy cyw|e} ekrdwuyf( w èhfrbyjyyn n w|edy& 70peibk jincyn Kcn|by( w n|y djfiyn< Ci bie n wfdb nww|jfry. N| jincyn( w ndbaj}jindefy cj||( kr w|hy< Pbceyei n `bniny& 7;N| nww|jfr jindefy( n hmn eh eyeyye dnky( wn `hi}e mj}uhy& N|uyf `jkyn n `by w abdefy&


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Ehb|euw gwjib n| cfwk bielf73Ndbaj} Ehb|euw bww|ny}y Kbhkhmn( cfwk jhy n| j}w|kmnf& N p}`ynynfyfrja jyyhyea ehyye( peibk kr w|hy n w|jhklcj|< Yeii `h n fnkr `n|eany( w `|| nhndb `|ehaeyn p}`ynynfyfrjafna. 72Ekrbaa abdefy n de|}e( cjkr nhndbhref |hiwk`hy w|eilef&Ynhhy bw n de|f ekr bfiw ffry( w yehew|eiye n }ucly niyaaeh& Cn|n}e mehenkinhyn

n `n|amn `|ehafea( de}y fed yuiya( db n|&9?

N|uyf w|eiyea mehhe n `}`bnafna( cjkrekrefea& Ie ndbaj} meheawyjhyna n `|ehame( kr abhyjyyna `h< Cnhh nf n `n|amnf( Bwyefedme}e. w fed yuiya dekeffb& 9>Naaj} e|y djfiyn< Cj||nyja hbw|yey. Mehew|}yn n|y n`n|amn( w kr w|hy< W|eileyea n fpfea( cnii ekrefea. Naaj} d} weddb }ynhdnw fed jhyn `n|amnf&

9=Ekrw|e} ekr edme} lyy Mnnh$Whbwmh( w cj|jyy n| Bwyef edme}fea ehw ye}dwmhaw|hy aefre}eaey< cw| }pnaefre}ey dek `}bww knmjfy n yn}bw|frlmnf& Ehb|euw e|y djfiyn?Ehb|euw ekr aeyey ahiyy cj||

e||eh n| |efeyyeh< Defl( w `}il dek cyw|e} n Lj}ifmnf( naaj} l}n dekybw|yuh n yewyei.>>Fnndf n|jfmnf dekcn}nkuijyy( ehdefy( w kr w|hy< f n|y kjfijhynd( cjkr dnli ablf(ehd hh( w wekywkh cln Bwyeffea( n| ]fna n fey( n|uyf kbkc||n ae|y n meyekcehref( w abkrkry n mhpjahjwwkmh& >=Cy fed ymmey }fea$e Indnw|auw| `jhrb( n|Nmf w n _n}pn} B|}eh dbfief b|fh: Dek`}iceyfa n|jamnf bw( cjkr dekybw|yuhlna.N||nh dek`j}iuhy( w cn}nkjwnf yj|jyy& >7W|jhkb n|jfmnf jindefyea( w kr w|hyna cj||9Hedefyyecy( w dekde}yae|eyy cyw|e} n Lj}ifmnf n| Bwyef edme}fea n afwkn w|e}bfy& Naaj}l}n ybw|yn heyy n yewye( na} ekr lw|hyy kre}dea&

>5E|uyf Fnndf bww|ny}y ekw| aw}eyeh n| Bwyef edme}ce|( medefy( dekhhy

ehyye( w e|y djfiyn< Djwy d} yuijd( cjkr fbfgw dwcjh Bwyef n| ekw| `hif( gwnaB|}ehmef& Djwy n|}y `jknil eh nlfiajy n ye w|jhkiyh. >0Ie kr `ehehy< N| h ]}n


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djfijd( nabfea n w|jhkhnymnf hhja( cjkr fed `jknija eh weddby. M} ufw|jhyn( cjkr`jkniln eh( cnlycnynyhnf dn}niy& >;Naaj} e|y djfiyn Fnndf< Cn fed bw `jkniji eh( cniianpljf n ye w|jhki nffrb `hiey( ndeffrby ekr p} w|} ehm}& De}y fed aw|y ymm n yew|jhki wed khij|nyjy( wed }ewhij|nyjy dw bwyeffea( gwna n| ]fna. >3Gwna n|y n| ekrijhkjy efkeile dek n| ] n ye w|jhkifna( cjkr ndbaj} n| f u}nd medekr ]bddf

yedphjdmn( cjkr jyy hemj}uhljf( w cn n| f ae|ed}e ydnw|ajiba( f bw hemj}uhcnwwna]bddf yedphjdmnf& N|y( cjkr f hemj}uhja ]bddf yedphjdmnf( mjgwwwn dek n| ] nye w|jhkifna. >2 kr èhehy feab< Defl eh maeh.

Kcn|b anp|wbwkn w mfciweDk fed luyjyy deww|b}e Fnndf( =?ndbaj} Kcn|b( Ehb|euwfna( Bwyef edme}fea n w|jhklne|y kjfijhyn< Hd( n| f u}nd adheyew jhy ecce| n| n}db Fnndfcj|( w fed `jkniyn ehyhe( ndby cj|jyy& N| h ]}n djfijd( cjkr uyfnùyja( w w|e}|ea yhe nhndby. =>Uyfn bwe}eiy Kcn|b Fnndffna& Ndbaj} Fnndf dekhyyn( cjkr ùy uyfn( heuk}jyy n ajgwbl}h(ehme defy( w e|y a}ie|ye< Lh nkryja: ==N| kr èhehy< Lh& Ie n| f u}nd e|y n| |efeyeyahib< ppef djwy }ae|eyy cj||d ay p}`ynynfyfr E`}nbd cekrbia}h& Nil feaba ekr

ynhefyud e|wyy w ay }efi }ucy. =7Fnndf e|y djfiyn< A}hea( `jknil eh ay ynhefyudjy.kr ufw|jhyn y& Dnli meayyy ay ynhefyud e|wyy ay |wamn( w ay }efi }ucnh ekryyjinniyn ay w|jhklfna( n|ja byya Kcn|b ehyy& =9Ndbaj} eh}yea n ijdmcj|( abeyye nae|amh( w ehcehre|ye ekr c|mnf& N| edme}eaey peibk ehahiye( w n|ja ehdefyea& =5N|uyfmedefy( w u}n eh hhy& Ehb|euw e|y a}ie|ye< Cjffnf lww|( Kcn|b: kr èhehy< Fed l}y n yew|jhki wecjh wed& =0Ie e|y djfiyn feab< Fed bkn|. N| f w|ed jyy l}y( ndbaj} n| n|edme} hew|hhy n ajgwb}h( w ehi defy& Cy nffna n| biele nf djwy( cjkr e|wyy w|e}e||( w}ucany( jhnlàny w w|haey( lucjany w dn}cany( w|jhkany w w|jhkhhefrjany kr:=;]nkniljf }i w uyinbi}n Fnndf mhpjahjwwkn }a}e. w n| jhrnf pjahjwnf defy abehhe( dbfy n c&

0N èlw|e èhlf n | yeyel}e>Ekrw|e} n|y djfiya n p}`ynynfyfrja Ehb|euwfna< F|i( w|a feafa e| n cehr byy fhni(ncjh hnaufa& =Cnii deflfa eh n Lj}ifcj|1 jyy dbfiekrbafa abk ekr w|h `y( w aw|yfadnkufafna ekr cehrey( ncjh hnacnyufa& e|y djfiyn< Defleyea. 7Ie n| ekrba kr w|hy@ehcmj}jijyy edbnyy N}d ab}hrn(ww|ecnyyn uin}b edme}eby( w e|y djfiyn feaba< Db}y fed lehefybyea feaed( cjkr ab yn}y ndbebfa a|h B|}eh ab}hrnh: >=Eaaj} n| ekrba uin}b edme}e kr w|hy< Wefab( u}nd(ab}hrjd. Ie n| B|}ehmef he Ehb|euw p}`yn dekdjfiln B|}eh ab}hrfna dk n|jany n

ijhkjany bw( ndehrea}h ye n chw|jmimnf mew|hw|&>7

N ab}hr e|y pn}nfgwjhyn< Defleyea( wf||eyea uyfn( cjkr cjh nf( cnii `jknwwnd eh. Lehefyeyya feab( cjkr djwy Iyfmnf nf&


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>9Naaj} hjnany( cn}gb ajgwbany w yeabfyhrew we}ekey ahiyy jin& N|ja dek}ae|yea lleh( wa}heyya n }jwy& >5Ndbaj} n| Bwyef edme}fea n w|jhkln aj}f èhaehy w abdefy( n we}ekd} a}heyye n }jwy hjnaanh dek cn}gb ajgwbaanh& N w|jhkln kr w|hy cj||< Lnl( u}nd.Dby yekrfa: >0Ie kr èhehy< Fe `hl( de}y ymmef nffna ehfa( dbfy eha. >;DnliEhb|euw kr bdiaj|jyy< U]nd( frbwi dek n w|edy( cnii hwwjf. w n| ] dekfrbyjyyn n

w|jhkfna n w|edy( w n| dekhyyn( cjkr yehe nf n cekr Ehb|euw a}h y|ew hjnaanh w cn}gbajgwbaanh&>3Ndbaj} n|yf n| n}dja }}jfyjyyna( Ehb|euw kr bdiaj|jyy n| ]cj|< Pe}i dek

e|y n fpey nawkknh. Dek bw e}ye aey nawkknh( ncjkrnf Ehb|euw a}ye& >2Ehb|euw naaj} e|ydjfiyn feaba< Fed e| n| n| y( w fed e| n| n }jw& Llleyea uyfnd( dnli f ehe|eyheameffeyeaey nccj| n| edme}ce|( naby ae}ewyea& w ehe|eyye aey Wnd}bmn& =?Wnd}bmn }ekr w|hy Ehb|euw< U]nd( frbwi dek n w|edaey( cjkr hwwnfna. N| ] dekfrbyjyyn nw|edaey( w naaj} hyya( cjkr Wnd}bn a|epf nffna& =>Ndbaj} B|}eh ab}hrn dekhyynaey( e|y a}ie|ye Ehb|euwyh< Dekhewwed$e aey( nyrd: == kr èhehy< Fe hewi dek. Dekw|jayni$e heyfb n|jany( nabaey `jkhruh elyew| an}ijiinh nkr lniinh: Nil feaba aefre}ey wb|ey( cnii ekrefea w bkrnfna( n|uyf deflefea eh u}uacj|& =7Fnkr hnajdy }efie|eyy yecy

feaba( w dbuyf eyyea w byyna( ehmjgwyjyyn aey& N|ja peibk ehdefyea u}uacj|& Fed bw lyyeaymm n}d }nmhgwnpnyja B|}eh j}w|kmn&

cfwk Wnd}bmnf=9Y}yfy e|ea uyf( cjkr Mefcnini( N}d ab}hrn ww|ekrlyyye ekw| we}eky( `hjfuhy( wjwy}jd nh eyye Wnd}by& =5Fnkr cfwk ydniy Wnd}bmnf( de}y niibk jwy}jdjhya( dkekr w|nd}èl frjhgnf e|wyme( ekr dn}afrb knhndmy}krn peibk y e|wyme ae}hy&=0Ekrw|e} B|}eh ab}hrn n }`nhjf l}ahy( w ekr nww|jfr kr abhyjyy cj||< Wekyw }nlynd(u}nd( ab}hrjd. =;Ie e|y djfiyn< Cn n| ] fed weky }nlyni( f cjkrnf wekywea: Ynhf nw|}}h nkr n wnlymh: =3Dnli deka}ie|ye yhe n ab}hr< Db mnlji nf: E}}e kr èhehyNaaj} e|y djfiyn< kr wekywef n| Bwyef djwy w e|uyf bw( cjkr fed dn}ni dn ncehrf Ehb|euwfna( W`y `bfna n èle.

7=Ehb|euw n c|mnf hy( w ehe jhyna n fea& N ab}hr eh}eahiye n| ekrba edme}y(ie dk dbehyy n aey jin}y jhfn cj||( e|y djfiyn Ehb|euw n feafea< Hylyja( e| nkrbhajw `nl|ny ehahiyy nhnaby( cjkr n èledey yewwe. krehleyea( w ndbaj} n aey bie}(|}lyja me n| nlyy ehyye( w frjdlyja n| nlyy ehe w|edmef( de}y u}fna n hpyebcnhhnyw|nfna n frjdmnf& 77Dk mew|hy eha( ndbaj} n aey jin bw }y cj||( w e|y

djfiyn< Hyji( bhref mnl w|}dn|jyy n| ]

yh. Db}y }lna dk yjmm n| ]

}n:.;Ehb|euw mwkey lefih>Eaaj} kr w|hy Ehb|euw< Cnhhlyja dek n| ] bkly. E|y djfiln n| ]< Cjhfnp bhrefaj} ekrw|e `bfjdhbw|y ekr weaehme( dek ay w|e }pn bw ekr weaehme `jk ae}hfb Wnd}bn anpulmnf&=E}}e kr hnw|jhy Bwyef edme}fea n| n ybw|y( nabfea n ae|}e w|jajyy ydnw|ajifb n ab}hr22?( =?>>

2

5Nhajfrnyaj} ehbfiuhyna( cjkr n| n}dja ymj}mn deflefea& Ie ndbaj} n| n}dja ymj}fnan w|hce| }yea( hyya( cjkr fbfgw jyy wefab& 0De}y n| ] n|y yeyye( cjkr n| n}d ymj}mnfcn}gb ajgwba( hjna w fnkr cnie} }jmjkwy cnhhjyya( db}e n|ja e|y djfiya ekrdwfna?Jin}ae|e w|hyna n }jw anpu}wkfea( w

lehefyeyya feaba< Medefyfa n| n}d ymj}mn( w hyyua( cjkr wefab wbfgw jyy( edme}b w| wedcnhhnyw|ba( gwna abayyy hjna w w|ndn}na nffna jyy( dek n wy}na( ncjkrnf jhyna& >>Nanpu}a yehea}yhya n c}}eh n }jwy( w kh lehefyeyya n ijhkjy meff( n ab}hrb pnhjymnf&>=N ab}hr `haehy lw|nan( w kr w|hy uin}b edme}ebce|< Dnli f dekdjfijd feayea( cjkr

dby yeyyea ehfa n| n}dja& Yuila( cjkr ce|fa( e|}y abjfuhyna n ymj}mh( cjkreh}ely||efea n de|f( de}y n|y kjfijhla< Cn ablffea n }jwmh( he `jklua eh aey( n}jwmn peibk mecnyjhufa& >7Ekrba uin}b edme}e kr hnw|jhy< @jklufa y dekdn}niy hjnyn|jamh( ndehrea dk dekdn}niyna n }jwmnf& Dbfiekr( cjkr kr l}fna$e( dbfy naba dkdekdn}niyna B|}eh ekw| wjanwkmh( nkr kr( dbfy naba ehpuw|yuhyna B|}eh ekw|wjanwkmh& Ahila ab aey( w dnli dekhylua. >9@jkyna yecy ay cn}gb ajgwby hjnwyuh( wehahiyy n ab}hr n| n}dja ymj}n uyf( cjkr deflefea eh( w f||a dek& >5Uyfua bwdefyea ekw|ef n Lj}ifbk( w hyya( cjkr n| ekw| y yehe nf }ucnh w `hw|e}ehwweh(ndbaey n| n}dja wbeywkamef ehijmhyna& Eaaj} n abahiyyea bww|ny}yea( w lehefyeyya e|yn ab}hrfna& >0N fp peibk abyiuhy( w ab`jw|yjyyn n| n}dja ymj}y& kr y}yfy( cjkr ekrw|e `bfjdhbw|y ekr weaehme( w ay w|e }pn bw ekr weaehme ae}hy( n| ] w|nn w|e}bfy& >;Nab}hr jin}efiehye n anpucj| n|y n ybw|yey( nabfea n ae|}e w|jajyy ydnw|ajifb( n fp n|jfmnfnkrjfynpjwyn n anpumnf( w dekcnhy( ndbfy n| Bwyef edme}e dekdjfiyn( ndbaj} n ab}hrehdefy cj||& >3ppef kr y}yfy( ncjkrnf Bwyef edme}e dekdjfiyn n ab}hrfna< Ay w|e}pn ekr weaehme( dek ekr w|e `bfjdhbw|y bw ekr weaehme `jk ae}hfb Wnd}bn anpulmnfcjhfnp bhrefaj}& >2E}}e hnw|jhy kr n ybw|y Bwyef edme}fea< Dk cn n| ] dekfrbyf bw n|k gwnyj}fby( e| naaj} wed y}yfcey dek. e}}e kr èhehy< Dnli dekhyji n wnly w|edeiieh(ie fed ew|eh mehhe. =?kr bw y}yfy< n fp nkrjfynpjwyn n anpumnf( w dekcnhy&

3N wfdb nww|jfr bww|nanpln }awky>

Ekrw|e} Ehb|euw kr w|hy nccj| n| nww|jfrcj|( nabfea n `by hey}e aehyeyye< Bfiuhl yfnac|ni fpeh ekryy( w yn}y|ajil lefrafy jyy( ncjh hecey( de}y n| ] cfwkey ydnw|yn| j}w|kmnf cy ew|yefi}e( w n| d} ae|ieyy bw eyye& =N| nww|jfr eh bw bfiuhy( w n|y yeyye(ndby n| Bwyef edme}e djfijyy& Ehdefy c|n fpeh ekryy( w n `bhbw|yeuwja `hilf hy

lefrafy cy ew|yefiebk& 7N ceyeiba ew|yefi kf bww|ny}y n| nww|jfr n `bhbw|yeuwja`hil}h( w ehdefy n ab}hrcj|( cjkr wekywkey a}lef n c|n w de|ele ijhkmnf& 9N ab}hrppef Kcn|bnh( Bwyef edme}fea n w|jhklnh mew|hkeyeyy( w e|y djfiyn< Mew|hi eh feaeddbfin|jany n fnkr yeyyeaey( ndehreaey Ehb|euw kce|byy. 5 ppef n}}h mew|hy n ab}hrfna(cjkrnf aehyeyye hey}e n cjhyny( ndbaj} deklehefy n| n| nww|jfr( nabfea n `by hey}e aehyeyye(cjkr wekywkey a}lef n ab}hryh c|n w de|ele ijhkmnf& Kcn|b kr w|hy< U}nd( ab}hrjd.E| n| n| nww|jfr w e| n `bn( naby hey}e aehyeyy Ehb|euw& 0N ab}hr aba}ie|ye n| nww|jfry( n|

peibk ehmew|hye feab n| kry& Eaaj} n ab}hr ekr uin}fjajy nijyy dehh( w eh}efiehye( cjkr


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nila bww|n dbfiefy( wy n de| ekw| leiehdy bw nyyh n fnpyh w|dyn( ndbaj}ehcnkryn n| j}w|kjy( ekw| djwynfbk&

Mefcnini meyekwke w cnhhn;Ehb|euw e|uyf ehdefy Indnw|auw|mn& Mefcnini( N}d ab}hrn ppef meyek jhy& Ndbaj}

lehefyeyya feab( cjkr n| Bwyef edme}e jin}ae|eyy(3

e|y djfiyn n ab}hr Cn|hfna< Pkrdnknicj| nlfiajy( w defl n| Bwyef edme}e eh& A}ie|yewi dek ehe n| U]ny( cjkrèhpha$e emmh n meyekwkmh. 2Cn|h yecy ehle defy( byy dnknh nlfiauh dbfief`heindnw|auw|b i}knwkjy( ndeffrby fekref yee ehm}& Ndbaj} jin}y( dekhhy ehyye( w krw|hy< @bni( Mefcnini( N}d ab}hrn ahiyy cj||i( cjkr deka}ie||e( èhph$e emmh nmeyekwkmh: >?Ehb|euw e|y djfiyn feab< Defl( w djfii n|y feab( cjkr mb|jfrjwnf èhph&M} n| ] ehed dekhyynyyn( cjkr dek `jk cnhfb& >>Naaj} n| Bwyef edme}e de}eef dnkn ehf|eyy( n|uyf w}n `naniy& >=Cn|h deka}ie|ye< Db}y w}w|( u}nd: kr èhehy< De}yyuijd( cjkr dbhref ew|eiehdey cj|jh B|}eh `bnb}n& E}ilebaey `hpe}|wehei( b`lnbanyèkre}}eh hi dek( gwegwedbaey w|bahcj| kji( w ye}cew nww|jfrnbany èhcnwjknyji&>7E}}e n|y djfiyn Cn|h< Ukrnf dbgwjin n ye w|jhki( e| n auyrn( cjkr bhref fnkr ijhkjany

bceyfa kce|: Ie Ehb|euw kr èhehy< Dekhyynyyn ehed n| ]( cjkr ye hew|eh N}d ab}hrn&>9Ehb|euwyh ehyj|n medefy u}cj|( nab deka}ie|ye yhe< Dby djfijyy feaei Ehb|euw: kr èhehy< N|y djfiyn feaed( cjkr mb|jfrjwnf `hphw|& >5Dwfnp n|jfmnf `jkjyy ekrynan}y( |me d}yjyyn w u}fna n| n}g}n ye}yeyye( krcjkr n| dekcnhy& Uyfn Cn|h heyy nab}hr&

L}d Lin ab}hrn #P& =A}f =>(5>>">0L}dfna( Ncm `bfna( B|}eh ab}hrfna yiba mef( ndbaj} Lin ab}hrn Lw`y jhy(ae|ieyy u}nhajifb L}d( Lw`yfna( Lin ab}hrfna n `bn& >;Cn}dbfgay ew jhy( ndbaj}ab}hr heyy( w frjhg bk u}nhajijyy Le}u|whedmef& >3B|}eh ab}hrnbfna n| ylf l}y( ukrnfkrhy( dbfy Ncm c|n fpe( de}y Ncm hefrn jhy n èhewke& N|y yeyye( ndby }jww|fna hy n| ]&>2Ie n| ] fed nan}yn ehpuw|yynfb Liy w|jhkl}y( Ibi}y( de}y dekk}ye feab( cjkrdgwewy ni feab w `bnbfna dbfiefaj}&

=?N| bielmef p}yjhyna eh n| eidbna Liyh( w ab}hry hnw|yjyyna dnkuafna&=>E|}y L}d G}mn jfuhy ww|ew cn}gb ajgwblnh ekryy& lleh `haehy( ykyn dnky n|eidbnajf( naba meae}yeyya y w n cn}gb ajgwba pn}nfgwfjanby( n cnibfp peibk jyycjfmndefeahy& ==kr p}yjhyna eh n| eidbna Liyh dbfidbk& Ukrnfemmef n| bimef p}yjhy ehHbmf bw&

=7L}d ekrm ijhknb w dbfin|( ndby kce|byy( dek nffna }n n Lin ab}hrnbfnay}yfey}h w|h afrmef& =9N|uyf L}d pbceffb y}y webce|( w ehyedeyya web dehhIbi }jwmnf& Uyfn n `bn( Ncn|l heyy n ab}hr&

Ncn|l Lin ab}hrn #P& =A}f ==(>0"=5L}dfna( Ncm `bfna( B|}eh ab}hrfna yb|efaeyyeiba mef ae|ieyy u}nhajifb Ncn|l(L}dfna( Lin ab}hrfna n `bn& =0Cuw|jfay ew jhy Ncn|l( ndbaj} ab}hr heyy( w ekr bku}nhajijyy Le}u|whedmef& Nfrlfna n fee Nynhl jhy( Jd}bfna( B|}eh ab}hrfna n|ufjaln& =; bw Ncm c|fna n| ylf l}y( w n|y yeyye( ndby }jww|fna hy n| ]( ppkr( dbfyNcm c|n( de}y Ncmfna n ele jhy& =3L}ddnh( Ncm `bnh ekryy cmj}y bwehy Cn|h(N}d ab}hrn ehhef ]dy$Kbhei}y( ie n| n}dja dekwemewyeyya L}djy& =2E|}y L}dab}hr bww|ny}y Le|}ehme( cjkr abkrkryynwwn dnky n wemeamh( ndehreaey n| n}djaelyeyyea }nlyn ]dmnf( ndbaj} Cn|h( N}d ab}hrn ehhef cn}gjhy& Ncn|l( L}d `bn( Linab}hrn peibk ehdefy( cjkr dekhyjknwwn L}djy( Ncm `by Le|}ehmef( de}y meyek jhy&


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>>

2Lc p}yywe>Ehb|euw p}`yn dnkcj| cjyy ekr p}`ynynfyfry( w e|y djfiyn feab< e|i èhie}eaniny( eii ae|eime e|y n| jhnljwaj}wy( w defl eh ]dy$Kbheimn. =Ndbaj}jin}ae|eh( ae}ewi dek Lcy( Lw`y `by( Fbdw ufjaly& Defl jin( cnwi ab n y}wnb a|h(

w e|ewi me n hekmehw w|jmmn.7

N|uyf `jki n| jhnljwaj}wy( fyw jhnlny n èl}e( w djfii?Le|mehy peibk n auyra ew|ba dek n le|}ehbmb}yjaf( w fed `jkla ehyedeyfb. E|uyf abfrbyjyyn n| nlyy( w ehùyjyy&

>>Ndbaj} Lc abdefy u}fna edme}ebce|( n|ja deka}ie|ya yhe< ]efimef nfdbfief: Dby nan}y yhei e| n mjhjfi: kr èhehy feaba< Yb bw bwde}byea n| bhref ègwekaey&>=Ie a n|y djfiya< Fe mew|hl dehh( djfii gwna eh feafa. E}}e e|y djfiyn< Bhrew`hydjfijyy feaed< kr w|h n| ]< @haefyehea ykei B|}eh ab}hr. >7Naaj} dbfifrlnfwbeye `jkya n }ucluany( heye}yeyya eh n hpgw}e( n|uyf dek`lya n a}yaey( w e|yabhyjyya< Lc n ab}hr. >9kr w|yy ww|eewawy Lc( Lw`y `bn( Fbdw ufjaln L}dehhef& L}d ekw| B|}ehheh ekryy ]dy$Kbheijy iye Cn|hheh( N}d ab}hrnh w|edmef&>5Dnli bww|ny}y L}d ab}hr( cjkr Le|}ehmef krkryynwwn dnky n|jamh n wemeamh(ndehreaey n| n}dja elyeyyea }nlyn( ndbaj} Cn|h( N}d ab}hrn ehhef cn}gjhy& Lc peibk e|ydjfiyn< Cn ehed nkryja( ekreyhef w|aefr wed luycny ab n }jwmh( fecjkr c}y bkrefLe|}ehme.

L}d w Ncn|l dekkrbhajhwn>0Eaaj} Lc cn}gb ajgwbl}n w|hhy( w ehdefy Le|}ehme( de}y jyy èaiy L}d& Ncn|l( Linab}hrn bw jindefy( cjkr dekhyjknwwn L}djy& >;N Le|}eh yj}frmnf hh }w|ed dekhyynLc a|ehei gwnpnyy( w kr abhyjyy< Ekr gwnpnyjy hyja. L}d e|y pn}nfgwjhyn< Ae}yw ekrhjnwy( ahii ehla( cjkr a}ie||e dek( maw$e n w|fiaua. >3N hjnw ehme defy( w e|ydjfiyn< N|y a}ie|b n ab}hr( cjkr maw$e n w|fiajyja: Lc kr èhehy< Dby y}iw| ye nmaw w|fiaanh: hhl dkd. N| }w|ed lehefyeyye( cjkr n ahiyy jin}y cj||lua( ie fed

y}y bww|n&

>2

Ehahiyy naaj} ekr dwba hjnwy& Ndbaj} jin}y cj||lua( n| bw e|y djfiyn< N|ya}ie|b n ab}hr( cjkr maw$e n w|fiajyja: Lc kr èhehy< Dby y}iw| ye n maww|fiaanh: hhl dkd. =?N| }w|ed lehefyeyye< E| bw jin}y cj||lua( ie fed y}y bww|n&Ie nab lf( n| kr cnly( ncjkrnf Lc( Fbdw ufjaln w|jajyy1 ppjhrnf ew|eew|eyyef cnly&

=>Naaj} L}d dekpn}nfgwjhyn( cjkr `jklnfna me& Ndbaj} me`jkyna n cn}gb ajgwblmn(abjfuhy L}d( B|}eh ab}hrn w Ncn|l( Lin ab}hrn( dbfiekrba n dnkn cn}gb ajgwblf&Abjfuhyna Lc eh( w n le|}ehb Fmy mb}yjaf ynhhaj|yna ehe& ==Ndbaj} L}d dekhyynLcy( e|y a}ie|ye< Maw$e n w|fiaji( Lc: Ie kr èhehy< Cjkr heceyfe maw( ndknfrifna( Le|mehfea pn}|fnwkn w wja n}|wjhknywn yn}y:. =7Eaaj} L}d dekp}mhyehdefeahfb& @j}iuhymnf dk jinabhyjyyn Ncn|lfna< }uhw( Ncn|l. =9Lc n|jfmnfae|me anpyn n| ly( w cymn hyye L}djy kr( cjkr n w|f y ehh ablyy n frheww|( w

ww|e}jkrjyy n cn}gb ajgwblf&=5

Lc e|y djfiyn ybw|ylfea( Mbian}fna< Peii `h( w ijmi jinn le|}ehb Fmy mb}yja}n. De}y edhae|| bww|n( cjkr ndbaj} f w ye ekryy aeyya cn}gb


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>=

ajgwbf n| nply( Ncmjy( e|y n w|ew lefihwy lehefyeyye ab }hn n| ]< =0Mb|jfr hyynd(ndbaj} abjfyjyya Fmyfna w `bnbfna n }y( kr w|h n| ]( n|}y dek`b|eyea feaei e|ef nmb}yjajf( kr w|h n| ]. Djwy n|}y eii èh( w ijmi e}}e n mb}yja}n( n| ] w|nn w|e}bfy.

Le|meh mfciwe=;

Ndbaj} Ncn|l( Lin ab}hrn e|y hyyn( dekp}mhy My$Cnkkf èh ehdefeahfb( ie Lchi|me eyye( w dekpn}nfgwjhyn( cjkr y bw hla dek& Dek bw wemewyeyya n cn}gb ajgwblf nK}$ckfh( Lbmhed dehheyy& Ehdefeahy Dekbiimn( ie jyy dekcnhy& =3Edme}eb ehbyyacn}gb ajgwblf Le}u|whedme( w ehyedeyya w}lmn web dehh( Ibi }jwmnf& =2Ncn|lL}dfna( Ncm `bfna yb|efekreiba mef heyy Lin ab}hrn&

7?N|uyf Lc dek}ae|eyy Le|}ehme& Ndbaj} Le|meh e|y dekcnhhjyyn( abèwyeyye nw|edy( èhiw|yeyye n cnly( w kr hy ab n| nmhnamn& 7>Ndbaj} Lc medefy n anpuf( Le|mehe|y a}ie|ye< Maw$e n w|fiaji( \bd}( u}nifna krbhajwn: 7= peibk `hf|e n| nmhna}nkr w|hy< Ab n|( nab ehed yn}y: Naaj} abyeabfyeyy ay$c}jd uin}fja& 77 dekpn}nfgwjhyn?Lc dekheyb Ncm `bnby w p}yceby>Ncmfna ceyef `bn jhy Wnd}bmnf& Lc yecy heeheaey }y( w ehahiye Wnd}bmn n le|}ehbpn}nfgwfjajacj|( n feace| w Ncm `bnbfna n feehbce|& E| hhy n heeheamef< =Djwy(ndbaj} e| n heh cj||yja }ae|ba( fhnyja nffna u}nyjafna n `bnb( w fhnyja nffna n cn}gbajgwba( n hjna w n deke}wyeyy }jw n cnib `hw|e}ehwweh ekryy& 7W|edehlyea ab yecyu}nyja `bnb a|h n hekljmmny w hekmegwheyewemmey( hyewwyea npln y}fl}n( w cn}gjhlnyjau}nyja c|}y. 9a n|jfmnf }eyyefeyewef dekbleiyea( w e|y djfiya< Cbw|ef ay ab}hr wedhhcnyjyy dek ehe w|edmef( cjkrnf hhcnyffa dek db:. 5Naaj} n pnhjyn èhkrehle w n}jwpn}nfgwfja( dek n fea w n feeha e|y n| |efeyey ahiya Lcfna< W|jhkbinkrufa( w m}dby pn}nfgwjhw| feafa( dekyeww|a& Wefaby wed hnw|yufa ab}hhr( yeii n|y(ndby lfna hyw|.

0E}}e ekr dwjiba heehey bw }y feaba( ndehrmef e| hhy< Cn ehed yn}yjyja( wcnhhknyyja n w|nnd}n( naaj} ekryea èly n|jafna n `}`bnafna( u}nyja `bnbfna( w llleyea eh

cj||d Le|}ehme cjhfnp bhrefaj}. N ab}hr `bnb ukrnfbw( ceyefef( n }jw ehaeh

bfh hnayna1n|ja feehya aey& ;Ndbaj} n heh dek}ae|eyy cj||lua( `jkya n ab}hr `bnby( w

hedw|}jhya dbfi n ceyefey( èlaey ajwn}namn }naya( w ehahiya Lcfna Le|}ehme&3Ndbaj} n aey dek}ae|eyy( w lehefyeyye feab( cjkr ehcj|ya n ab}hr `bnbfna n èly( e|ydjfiyn< Yekryea ab n|jany }ekkeh}e ay aupngmnf n anpu mel}nycj|. 2]ekkeh n|yf abdefy(jinhhy( w e|y djfiyn n| ekw| fpfea< Yb }ynyhnfja nkryja& f yyyed p}yjy u}nd ehhef(w y f hyed dek& Ie ab kyn he dbfie|eaey: >?Yuilyja dek yecy( cjkr weddb wed ewba n`hi}e n| ] bklmh( ndby ablehefyeyy n| ] Ncm c|}h. N| ] kce|byye n|y( ndbyablehefyeyy w|jhkln( Bhhw hynh& >>N|uyf hekyn Lc dbfin|jany( naba dk dekdn}niynaNcm c|mh Le|}ehmef( dbfief yeabfyhrew w mb|nhdnw edme}y( dek n pnplnby& Wefaby wedcnkrjyy ehdefeahfb& >=Dnli ehbfiuhy( w ehdefy Wnd}bmn& ppef My$aei$C}dfh l}y(>7

ndbaj} ynhhaj|jyy Lc Ncn|lfna( Lin ab}hrfna n yewy}ebeh& Deka}ie|ye< Abankryja: a kr èhehyea< Ncn|lfna n yewy}eb nkrufa( w n|}y dekrfa( cjkr aw|fywa


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>7

n ab}hr `bnby dek n| nfrnab}hrf `bnby& >9Lc e|y pn}nfgwjhyn< @jklyja eh aey he. Eh bw`jkya aey he( w hedw|}jhya aey My$aei aylfh< fekrefay `}`by& Fed cnkrjyydek a|ha wefaby&

Lc w Lfim dekhba n Mnnh$pnpjany>5

Jffnf yjmmdefe ww|eynhhaj|jyy Lfimmnh( ]am `bnh& Aw|fyyye( w n|y a}ie|yeyhe< Jhrnf w|bfye w|eh nkr$e b}fynd( dbfy ndbhref w|bfye w|eh nkrja f yeb}fyni:Lfim kr èhehy< Bkef. Cn bkef djfiyn Lc ( nii n ae|ei. Ndbaj} n| ae|ey nijyy( dnkndehh hhyjyyn n ajgwbl}n& >0Dnli e|y djfiyn< Kre}e ehed( w hwi dek( cjkrnfmu|khajijd n| ]}y& w dnknh byye n cn}gb ajgwblf& >;Dbuyf dek}ae|eyy Wnd}bmn(hekyn Wnd}bmnf Ncm dbfief dekdn}niy cj||yn}yj|ly( ekw|ef abpuw|yyjyyn aey( n|] bkle w|e}bfy( ndehrey ablehefyeyy Bhhwfea&

>3Naaj} ww|ekrlyyye Lc n| ekw| fpey( w e|y djfiyn feaba< Ncm fed ybw|yehyeehkk Mnnhy1 Lc wjaanh ljmmnf nan}ln ybw|yehfb y. >2Djwy n|}y clyja bie Mnnh ww|ewp}`yly( ww|ew w|jhkly w ww|ew pnply. Wefab we cbfrj||a( de}y fnkr hij|nyjyduynyja me Mnnhfna& Wefab wed `jk heymef dn}nifb( nab cbfr|ba. Lc n|jfmnf hfjawkmh

yeyye e|y( cjkr ehpuw|yycnwwn Mnnh ybw|yehby& =?Dnli e|y djfiyn Lc< Yn}ywnyja w|efy ffepeyMnnh ybw|yehey}e. Ab bw cb}ieyya e|y& =>Lc |efeyey ahiyy ekw| B|}ehfea( w ehlyyea Mnnhybw|yehb dbfi1 fed jhy wefab( nab eh fe lyy jhfn& N|uyf medefyea Mnnh yedphjdmn(krcjkr Mnnh yedphjdn |w`jhwbk dekyehy& ==Naaj} n|y djfiyn n }ucny} èhkrehlfeaLc n|jfmnf fed bkr|jyy n}}n( cjkr yehlew w|eh n|

]

fna( B|}eh Bwyeffea n y}fre w|e}bfy hlef& Fed ykyjyy Le}jmjd yaeby

h( nab yeamebyye B|}ehy&

Cn|h kr|ehde B|}ehef7=Nmmnf n| bimef ae|iye n| ] dekgwjfaynfb B|}ehy( de}y deke}ye aey Cn|h B|}ehcny}n defyf dbfiefyy< 77n Lj}ifyh fnpaehey}e( Kbhei ekw| `hilf n kibnany( n}mefbeaey w n dnfnwwmehbeaey( n| N}ff$pnyna dehheyy èa N}}yh `jkn ekw| Kbheijyw Mwfy&

79Lc ekrm ijhknb( dbfief( ndby kce|byy( ww|ew cwyeyye dek nf }n n| B|}ehab}hrnbfna y}yfey}h w|h afrmef& 75N|uyf Lc pbceffb y}y webce|( w ehyedeyyaWnd}bmnf& Uyfn n `bn( Lc| heyy n ab}hr& 70Lc cuw|jffrjhg ew|yefiebk jhy Wnd}bmnf

B|}eh ab}hrn&


14/31


>9

>>Nynhl ab}hrfLimnf #P& =A}f ==(>?=7(=>">Ndbaj} Nynhl( Ncn|l nfrln hyyn( cjkr dekcnhy n `bn( `jkyn dnky( w abpuw|yyjyy dbfiefkre}deaey( nab n ab}hrb gwnhimh w|}dn|jyy& =Ie Lwemn( L}d ab}hr hfrn( Ncn|l ckn`jkyn Lwy( Ncn|l `by( w abhjpyn y n ab}hr `bnb a|h( nabaey cnhh}n w|fyna( w y dek n

inlaly n chw|jmmn byye& N|uyf eh}elyeyya Nynhl ehh( w kr y fed hya dek&7

Cny bk}elyekeyye dnkfh( n| ] c|mnf1 n| j}w|kmnf e| bi nhnyy Nynhl u}nhajijyy&9N ceyeiba mef Lli dnkcj| }efiehye n pnhjyn}$ w yewy}w||nija pn}nfgwfjanby(

w mebyye aey dnknh n| ] c|mn& W|eywkey ayyy eha( w dekewaeyye aey n| ]c|mnf( dnli dekduynyyn feaba n ab}hr `by& 5N|uyf dekpn}nfgwjhyn feaba< E|y yekryea?N `pnp peibk jinniynn w||nijwjafna Ibi ab}hr hfi|wby w pnl|wnby( ndehrea n| ] c|mnf jhyna& >>Nyewy}a èkre}}eh n ae|amef èhhhyna n yedphjd ljmm jhinhyh n yedphjd mnh jhinhbk( n|jhy}cj| w n yedphjdcj|( w a}heyya n ab}hry& >=Naaj} Lli abe|eyye n ab}hr `by( wèl}e yeyye n aj}jfy1 ae|me niyn n| u}nhajiw jadfry( w kr ab}hhr hnw|yjyya( w`haefya y& Ynpwjhyna( w kr abhyj|yna< hlef n ab}hr.

Nynhl dekkrbhajhwn>7Dekcnhhjyyn Nynhl n yewy}a w n fp h}dly( e|}y medefy n fp a| n| ] c|mn&>9Ndbaj} hyyn( cjkr n ab}hr jyy hh n| edehfref( ndbfy w|jaw( n ab}hr a}h peibk jyynffna n pn}nfgwfjaja w n a}ywa( n| ekw| a|fp dek }h( w `lln n a}yaey( naaj}Nynhl dekw|nkknyyn n }ucly( w kr abhyj|jyy< ww|eewaw. ww|eewaw.

>5Ie Lli `pnp dekpn}nfgwjhyn n cnie} hf hh w||nijwjafna< Pe|ewwyea ab nwj}ja a|yy1 cn peibk nhnab uyfndekr( n|y hlyea dek èkre}}eh. N `pnp ukrnfbw fednan}yn( cjkr n| ] c|mnf hla dek Nynhly& >0Naaj} abyuw|ajhya Nynhly( w ndbaj} nab}hrb pnhjyn ajgwbmel}nycj| }y( jyy dekhya&

>;Lli n|uyf w|eywkey ayyy n| ]( n ab}hr w n fp a|yy n}}n f|e( cjkr n|] fpe hew|fea1 ukrnfkr n ab}hr w n fp a|yy bw& >3N| j}w|k ekw| fpe peibk mecnyjhyMnnh yedphjdmn( w he}jdmjhyn n|y& Jhy}nby w mhfrapeby yehlewef ww|e||ya( Dnyyfy(

Mnnh pnply dekhya n| jhy}ja eh

yy& E|uyf n `pnp èhkreh

aey }efiehy n|

]c|mn&>2Dnli dnkn dehh eyye n w||nijwjany( n pnhjyn}wkey( n yewy}aey w n| j}w|k ekw|

fpy( w heaw}ya n ab}hry n| ] c|mh& N yewy}a anpulf ae}ew|yh mejfuhyna n ab}hrbpnhjymn( peibk n ab}hrb y}f}n hy& =?N| j}w|k ekw| fpe }hy( n }jw peibk frukjiydn}niy( fjcn Nynhly dekhya èkre}}eh n ab}hrb pnhjymnf&

>=Lw ablnyynyln n yedphjdjy #P& =A}f =9">Lw cyew aj}mnf heyy ab}hr& =Lc ceyeiba mef ae|ieyy u}nhajifb Lw( w fekrefbk u}nhajijyy Le}u|whedmef& Nfrlfna n fee Gbml jhy( Me}wemmh w|}dn|jyy& 7Lwekw| heymef n|y yeyye( ndby cehrewfea hy n| ]( dbeh e}}e ynfyjyyn Lli `pnp& 9Gwna n|

hij|cnhdja fed w|fyea dek( n fp yjmm}n bw hij|jyy w ydlfe|eyy n|hij|cnhdjajf&


15/31


>5

5Lw e|y djfiyn n pnpjafna< N w|efy nijdfrjamh e}ei ww|ew pf|y( ndby n| ]c|mn bw|fea( n `j}knhjdmnf he pf|y( n|y n pf|y( ndehrey èlefafy }fna ab megwhww|e}bfy( yjmm dbfin|y n pf|y( ndby n| edme}ea w|a w|e}bfy bw|fea n| ] c|mn(0ekra dnkuacj| n pnpja( dbfiekrba n dnkn bwde}wyh( n|uyf lnyynwwa ab n yedphjd}jfkhiwnby( ncjh gwna bhref }jfkhiw ynhhcny&

;

Ie Lw ab}hr cuw|jfcn}dniba bk wed lnyynyya ab n pnpja n yedphjd}jfkhiwnby& 3E|}y Lw ab}hr cnyyn Lli `pnpjy dek n ymmb pnpjy( w deka}ie|yeyha< Db}y fed lnyynylyja ab n yedphjd }jfkhiwnby: E|uyf fed yeceybyea ehbwde}webyea pf|y( cnfed jin aehh nifjyja n yedphjd }jfkhiwnbfna lnyw}n& 2N pnpjameheekre|yea( cjkr fed yew|ba eh n fp pf|y( ie n yedphjd }jfkhiwnby dkwed

lnyynyya ab&>?Naaj} Lli `pnp eyy ekr hiy( n èieh}e hruany `}y( w jinyeyye n| jhy} dehh

ljmm èhh( ncjh me w|jayna deffb n| ] c|mn& Nmmn yeyya n| nlyy }| pnpja dbfin|y npf|y( ndby n| ] c|mn byyea& >>Dbaj} n|yf hyya( cjkr wja pf| nf n himnf( jindefy nab}hr anfgehh}ln n `pnppnh ekryy( gwjdamn ayyya w ww|ew|djhya n| ] c|mnfynhhy pf|y& >=N hed}y pf|y yniya n dufane|eyafea( naba n| ] c|cj| jhyna

ab}efiehe& N|ja peibk abniya n| gwjafna w n| pydewye}eafea( naba n| ] c|fijhkj|yna( >7dek n adeweafea w n a`n}nkafna( cjkr w}jhlnfna `nnfrnkjy w `n}nkjyyaeaey n| ] c|n }jfkhiwnbfna n ablnywcj|( w ndb gwna w|awkew jhy n yedphjd

lnywcj|& >9Ie nmmh n pf|mh( ndby n| ] c|mn byyea( fed aw|yyeyyea n| ] c|nw|d}n wed e|wyyhnany( wed aweaey( wed cbfyeifreaey( wed y}jdmbyany( wed ekrmn}nfr$ nkr e|wyy}krnany( >5cnfed n dufane|eyafea niya jin( cjkr lnywa ab nmmh n|] c|y& >0Fed aehheyy ehw|djhynyfb n|jany( naba}e }m|ya n pf|y( cjkr ynila ndufane|eyafea( de}y n|y cef ae|ehya& >;Gwupf n lyyehb hij|ny}n w n yeahij|ny}nnijyy pf|y fed byya me n| ] c|mn( e| n pnpja jhy&

>3Naaj}bmnf jfuhy èh Cn|h( N}d ab}hrn1 dekydniyn Kyjy w eh`jkhnhyn& Dnliehcny}j|yn Cn|h( cjkr Le}u|whed ehhef jfuh& >2E|}y Lw( Lin ab}hrn `jkyn dbfin|janyn w|efy y}krnany( ndehreaey ehieb( Lw`y( L}d w Ncn|l( Lin ab}hrnb nijdfrj|yna nyedphjd ln}n( w n dnkn w|efy nijdfrnbnh( dek n| ] c|fna w n ab}hrb pnhjyfna nabfgwy}mnf ynhhcny ww|ew n}nffrnh ekryy ehahiye Cn|hfna( N}d ab}hrfna( db}e n|ehjfuhy Le}u|whed nhh&

=?Lw ekrm ijhknb( dbfin|( ndby kce|byy( dek nf }n n Lin ab}hrnbfnay}yfey}h w|h afrmef& =>Uin}b edme}eb `haehyea( ww|eewawy w|yyea ehhefe( wdekhya Lwy My$Dbhhfh( ndbaj} W|bhhmn defy& ==L|a}( Wbdny `bn w L|mi( Wd} `bnjhyna n|ja n| uin}b edme}eb( naba dekhya( w dekcnhy& web dehh yedeyya Ibi}jwmnf& Uyfn n `bn( Ndngl heyy n ab}hr&

>7

Lc| w Lw u}nhajiwn B|}ehmef>Lwfna( Ncn|l `bfna( Lin ab}hrfna cuw|jfcn}dniba mef heyy B|}eh ab}hrn Lc|(Lc `bn Wnd}bmnf( yb|efcy ew|yefiebk& =N|y yeyye( ndby }jww|fna hy n| ]1 aeyyeLe}jmjdfna( Femy `bfna n yaeby( nab yeame byye B|}ehy( fed y}y eh n|jayh& 7E|}yèhhfkjhy n| ] cn}nkln B|}eh ehhef( w ekw| u}nhajiwn nhnyy Cn|hfna( N}d ab}hrfna(dek Mefcninifna( Cn|h `bfna n ae|me niyn aey& 9Ie ndbaj} Lc| dekefkew|yehye n|U]ny( n| ] dekcnhhknyyn y( de}y hyyn( cjkr N}d ab}hrn deffrb}e wnfrn}knyln B|}ehy& 5N|] w|nmniyy nijyy B|}ehfea( krcjkr abae}hyea N}d cnynhdn nhh( w B|}eh `bnbjyycjfnbamnf hnacnyyna( ncjkrnf n|ehyy& 0Ie dkwed y}yea eh Le}jmjd c|fna n yaebyh(nab yeame byye B|}ehy( cnfed `jhrynyya n|jany& N| Nw}$w|jmj} bw jyy dn}niy Wnd}bmnf&;

Fed dn}niy Lc|fna ymm cnibfpe( dbfy yef h( y| cn}gb ajgwb w y|e|e} krnhjkjw1 de}yehpuw|yyjyyn aey N}d ab}hrn( w jhrnff yeyye aey( ndbhref gwphwaj} n pj}&


16/31


>0

3Lc| ekrm ijhknb( dbfin|( ndby kce|byy( w cwyeyyeb dek nffna }n n| B|}ehab}hrnbfna y}yfey}h w|h afrmef& 2N|uyf Lc| pbceffb y}y webce|( w Wnd}bmnfyedeyya eh& Uyfn n `bn( Lw heyy n ab}hr&

>?Lwfna( Lin ab}hrfna n cn}dbfgceyeiba mef heyy B|}eh ab}hrn Lw( Lc| `bnWnd}bmnf( yb|efcny ew|yefiebk& >>N|y yeyye( ndby }jww|fna hy n| ]1 fed y}y eh

Le}jmjdfna( Femy `bfna yaebyh( nab yeame byye B|}ehy( cnfed `jhrynyyn n|jany&>=Lw ekrm ijhknb( dbfin|( ndby kce|byy( w cwyeyyeb( ndbaj} cmj}y bwehyNdngl linb ab}hr ehhef( dek nffna }n n| B|}eh ab}hrnbfna y}yfey}h w|h afrmef&>7N|uyf Lw pbceffb y}y webce|( w Le}jmjd hy n y}fl}n& Lwy peibk ehyedeyyaWnd}bmnf B|}eh ab}hrnb dehh&

Cmj} n| n}djaanh>9Ndbaj} Ehb|euw nmmn n meyekwkme eweyy( ndehrmef awmm dekcnhy( ehdefy cj|| Lw(B|}eh ab}hrn1 }mj}uhn w}y( w e|y djfiyn< Nyrd( nyrd( B|}eh cn}gb ajgwbln w nffnacnlyln. >5Ehb|euw e|y djfiyn feab< @jkl lny w frbhnany. lny w frbhnany `jkjyy n ae|me&>0Dnli e|y djfiyn Ehb|euw B|}eh ab}hrfna< @ew|ywi ab ae|eiieh n| lny. Ndbaj} abèw|yeyye

n ae|eh( Ehb|euw }yeyye ae|y n ab}hr ae|}e& >;N|uyf e|y djfiyn< Frbwi ab n aehey}e f|nmhnajy. N ab}hr abfrbyjyyn& Ehb|euw e|y djfiyn< Hl. peibk hyy& Naaj} kr w|hy< N| ]w|nmniywfna n frbhn e|( n| N}dyh dekw|nmniy frh( de}y khekewef hee}ei dnliN}djy Nàfh. >3N|uyf e|y djfiyn< @jki n frbhnany. a|me eyye n|jany& Eaaj} kr w|hyB|}eh ab}hrcj|< ww n `hi}e. }yyy n `hi}e c}jdw|j}( n|uyf dekhhy& >2Dekcn}nkuijyy} e|}y n| Bwyef edme}e( w e|y djfiyn< yw|} nkr cnyw|j} aehheyy jhfn yfi( naaj} khekhee}fi N}djy. kr n|jfmnf gwna c}jdw|j} e}ei dek N}djy&

=?N|uyf dekcnhy Ehb|euw( w ehyedeyya& N aeyae| ew|yefimef dmb}nmhgwnpnyja y}yea me n| j}w|kmn& =>ppef naaj} yedeyyea ekr edme}y( ie ndbaj} dekhyyan }nmhgwnpnyjy( mehaya n|y n| edme}y Ehb|euw w}lmn( w ehdefyea& N| n| edme} peibkcj||}e Ehb|euw yeyedce|( hey}e aehy( w ynhp}n hhy&

==Cn|h( N}d ab}hrn wnfrn}knyyn B|}ehy Lc| ekw| bielmef& =7Iedekaekrehde|eyy feaba n| ]( dekafr}hy }nlyua( w èhla `j}iuhy n| m}ncddnh(B|waanh w Lammnh ayyy w|eywk}y& Fed nan}yn aey ehpuw|yynfb( w fed eyeyye eh aeydnkn ehh dbfieiibk& =9N|uyf dekcnhy Cn|h( N}d ab}hrn1 uyfn n `bn( Mefcnini heyy nab}hr& =5Naaj} Lw( Lc| `bn bww|neyye Mefcniniyh( Cn|h `byh n|jany n }jwjany(ndehreaey cmj}mnf eyyea eh nplyh( Lc|yh& C}jdw|j} e}ye dek N}djy Lw( wbww|neyye B|}eh }jwnby&

>9Ndngl u}nhajiwn Limnf #P& =A}f =5(>9">

Lwfna( Lc| `bfna( B|}eh ab}hrfna n dwjiba mef heyy ab}hr Ndngl( Lwfna( Linab}hrfna n `bn& =Cuw|jfy ew jhy( ndbaj} u}nhajifb ae|ieyy( w cuw|jfabhefg bku}nhajijyy Le}u|whedmef& Nfrlfna n fee Lniif jhy( Le}u|whedmh w|}dn|jyy& 7N|yyeyye( ndby cehrewfea hy n| ]( m} fed nffrb}n( dbfy wnyrln( Ibi( cnfed dbfiefy gwnakr yeyy( ncjkrnf npln( Lw& 9De}y n| hij|cnhdja fed w|fyea dek( n fp yjmm}n bw jyyhij|jyy w ydlfe|eyy n| hij|cnhdjajf& 5Ndbaj} ab}hrb cnynhdn dekw|bh}iuhy(abke|yeyye n|jany n| uin}b edme}eaey( naba dekkrbhajhya nply( n ab}hry& 0Ie n krbhajwja`bnby fed heyye dek( de}y kr nf dek}n D|ew y}frafrmef( ndby n| ]dekpn}nfgwjhy< Fe aehhlef dekcnhfbua n| npafna n `bna}y( n `bnafna we aehhlef dekcnhfbuan| npa}y1 dbfiefabfea gwna n dnkn ya}y aehhlef dekcnhfbn. ;Hee}y n Ww$hkrmefy|e|e} eidb edme}y( W|ehy peibk meeyye jwy}jddnh( w ehfee|ye n|y Ljayehfea1 kr cla

n|y dk dn bw&


17/31


>;

Ndngl e}ewkey w|efei B|}ehyh #P& =A}f =5(>;=9"3Naaj}bmnf aeyeaey ahiyy Ndngl Lwcj|( B|}eh ab}hrcj|( nab Lc| `bn( Lc ufjalnjhy& E|y |efye< Kre}e( hhl ab ehhefed ekr gwny}n. 2Lw( B|}eh ab}hrn e|y n hnw|y ahiyeNdnglfna( Lin ab}hrfna< N hbmfjfb mjkfgwa} e|y |efye n hbmfjfb gi}uwfna< Niièhewkh hefrjiny n `bndcj|. Ie n}}n w|nhniy ekr hbmfjfb nihhny( w ehynpjwyn n

mjkfgwa}y&>?

Dbeh ye deke}yei Eidjy( èhùnhajiyh& }i me e||eh n ibgwwkkeh( wdn}nil jyycjf. Db}y }jcnffh ew|yeime: Cbw|ef eheweh Linh ekryy. >>Ie Ndngl fedcnhhknyjyy }& @ehjfuhy cy Lw( B|}eh ab}hrn( w dekya|yea ekrdwwnh( dek Ndngl(Lin ab}hrn( n linb My$Wedewfh& >=Ie Lin e}ewkey w|efeieyy B|}ehyh( w dbfiefabcn|ndefeahy& >7Ndngly( Lin ab}hry( nab Lw `bn( Ncn|l ufjaln jhy( eh`jkyn Lw( B|}ehab}hrn My$Wedewfh( dnli mejfuhy Le}u|whedme& N|uyf he}jdmjhyn Le}u|whed }`nhy n|E`}nbd$anpuyh n W|khey$anpubk fkrw|| afra cjww|wkmnf& >9Ehbyye n| ] c|mnf w nab}hrb pnhjyn abfgwy}mnf ynhhy ww|ew n}nfrny( e|wyy w dbfief `hw|e}ehwy( n|jfahyw|jany bw w|eieyy( w kr y}y bww|n Wnd}bmn&

Lw w Ndngl cnhhn>5Lw ekrm ijhknb( ndbaey kce|byy( cwyeyyeb( ndbaj} Ndngl( Lin ab}hrn ehhef cn}gjhy(dek nffna }n n| B|}eh ab}hrnbfna y}yfey}h w|h afrmef& >0N|uyf Lw pbceffb y}ywebce|( w ehyedeyya Wnd}bmnf( B|}eh ab}hrnb dehh& Uyfn n `bn( Le}jmjd heyy n ab}hr&

>;Ie Ndngl( Lw `bn( Lin ab}hrn dk yb|efy bk hy Lwfna( Lc| `bfna( B|}ehab}hrfna n cnhhn uyf& >3Ndngl ekrm ijhknb dek nffna }n n Lin ab}hrnbfnay}yfey}h w|h afrmef& >2ww|eewawy w|yyea ehhefe Le}u|whedmef( e|}y Habwmndefeahy& Ie uyfnahiyea Habwmn( w jyy dekhya& =?Dnli bww|nbyya hjnajf( wehyedeyya web dehh Le}u|whedmef( Ibi }jwmnf&

=>Naaj} Lin ekw| fpe `jkyn( w n yb|efcny ew N|n}ly yeyye ab}hhr npln( Ndnglcehreyy& == pyeyye ab hnyjy( ndehrey bww|ngwnyjhy Licj| n|uyf( cjkr n ab}hr pbceffb y}ywebce|&

Le}jmjd u}nhajiwn B|}ehmef=7Ndnglfna( Lw `bfna( Lin ab}hrfna yb|efyiba mef heyy B|}eh ab}hrn Le}jmjd(Lwfna n `bn Wnd}bmnf( fekrefekr ew|yefiebk& =9N|y yeyye( ndby }jww|fna hy n| ]& Fedy}y eh Le}jmjdfna( Femy `bfna n yaebyh( nab yeame byye B|}ehy& =5 hhyjyyn bww|nB|}eh cny}y n Cndymn e|ey yyh n| N}m$yefke}bk( n| ]fna( B|}eh Bwyeffea bklew|e}bfy( ndehrey ablehefyeyy w|jhkln( n Kny$Cè}mh nh Lfw p}`yn( Ndbyynl `bn hynh&=0De}y dekhyyn n| ] B|}eh bkef aewe}ew frjdj}wky( cjkr ky l}ln d} np}nln$fnkrlnekrn}fy( w fbfgw wekyle B|}ehfea& =;Fed djfiyn n|y n| ]( cjkr ehy}hb B|}eh fey n| knhh( e|}y dekw|nmniyjyyn aey Le}jmjd( Lw `bn hynh&

=3

Le}jmjd ekrm ijhknb( dbfin|( ndby kce|byy( cwyeyyeb( ndbaj} cn}gjhy( wbww|nw|e}e|ye B|}ehfea Indnw|auw|y w Cndyjy( ndehr nhncn Li jhy( dbfie|ea dek

nffna }n n| B|}eh ab}hrnbfna y}yfey}h w|h afrmef& =2N|uyf Le}jmjd pbceffb y}ywebce|( B|}eh ab}hrnbcj|1 uyfn n `bn( \ean}l heyy n ab}hr&

>5N|n}l #U||bll" u}nhajiwn Limnf #P& =A}f =0">Le}jmjdfna( B|}eh ab}hrfna cuw|jfceyeiba mef ae|ieyy u}nhajifb N|n}l( Ndnglfnan `bn( Lin ab}hrn& =Yb|efcny ew jhy( ndbaj} u}nhajifb ae|ieyy( w yefay bk u}nhajijyyLe}u|whedmef& Nfrlfna n fee Leajhl jhy( Le}u|whedmh w|}dn|jyy& 7N|y yeyye( ndbycehrewfea hy n| ]( ekw|ef kr( ncjkrnf npln( Ndngl yeyye& 9Gwna n| hij|cnhdja fed

w|fyea dek( n fp yjmm}n bw hij|jyy w ydlfe|eyy n| hij|cnhdjajf&5

N| ] deke}yen ab}hry( w pjahjw heyy cnhhn fnplbk& E|}y ekr ehahfyeyy c|mnf hnajyy( w Lyd( n ab}hr


18/31


>3

`bn hhy n pnhjyn hf( m}wajijyy n| j}w|k fpe `hyy& 0N|n}l ekrm ijhknb( dbfin|( ndbykce|byy( dek nffna }n n Lin ab}hrnbfna y}yfey}h w|h afrmef& ;N|uyf N|n}lpbceffb y}y webce|( w ehyedeyya web dehh( Ibi }jwmnf& Uyfn n `bn( Lyd heyy nab}hr&

Krj}w u}nhajihyj|wja B|}ehmef3N|n}lfna( Lin ab}hrfna cn}dbfgfrjhgniba mef \ean}l( Le}jmjd `bn heyy B|}ehab}hrn Wnd}bmnf( cny cfnpbk& 2N|y yeyye( ndby }jww|fna hy n| ]( ncjkrnf web yeyya& Fedy}y eh Le}jmjdfna( Femy `bfna n yaebyh( nab yeame byye B|}ehy& >?Ie ww|eewawyw|yy ehhefe Wnhhd( Lmw `bn( w hekyn y n fp ehyy( dekhye( w heyy uyfn n ab}hr&>>\ean}l ekrm ijhknb dek nffna }n n| B|}eh ab}hrnbfna y}yfey}h w|h afrmef&>=kr yehleweieyy me n| ] bkle( ndehrey ablehefyeyy Lcfna< Uyinbi fkr fed|eiaef yhceyfea dnli B|}eh y}flf&

>7Wnhhd( Lmw `bn U||bllfna( Lin ab}hrfna cn}dbfgabhefgeiba mef heyy ab}hr(ie gwna ekr cfnpbk u}nhajijyy Wnd}bmnf& >9De}y èhjfuhy Yb}gmh Defncd( Ki `bn(mecnyjhy Wnd}bmn( w hekyn Wnhhdjy( Lmw `by Wnd}bmnf& Dekhye( w heyy uyfn n

ab}hr& >5Wnhhd ekrm ijhknb w n| hynhn w|yy ww|eewaw dek nf }n n| B|}ehab}hrnbfna y}yfey}h w|h afrmef& >0Naaj}bmnf e}ye he Defncd( Yb}gmh abbfiuhn(Yb`w|ncjy w dbfin|jany( naba jyy hnayna( w n| ekw| a}fray( dbeh fed frbyjyyna ehyyeanpuy& E|}y hee}ye( w dk n ye}cew nww|jfrnby bw dbfi èhcnwjknyyn&

Defncd u}nhajiwn B|}ehmef>;N|n}lfna( Lin ab}hrfna cn}dbfgabhefgeiba mef heyy B|}eh ab}hrn Defncd( Ki `bnWnd}bmnf( y| ew|yefiebk& >3N|y yeyye( ndby }jww|fna hy n| ]( fed y}y eh ekw| heyf yLe}jmjdfna( Femy `bfna n yaebyh( nab yeame byye B|}ehy&

>2_h( Nww|}bn ab}hrn mey}y n| j}w|kmn( de}y Defncd e|e} ynhefyud e|wyy nijyy_hfna( cjkr hekref wekywk}e( w w|bh}iywn dek ab}hrb cnynhdy& =?E|y n pf|y Defncdabeyeyye B|}eh}e( nhndeffrb yeceyw edme}}e< yef weaeh e|wyy èlefafy dbfiefab}e(cjkr deknicnwwn Nww|}bn ab}hrfna& Naaj} cn|ny}y Nww|}bn ab}hrn( w fed dn}niy jyy n|j}w|kmnf& =>Defncd ekrm ijhknb( dbfin|( ndby kce|byy( dek nffna }n n| B|}ehab}hrnbfna y}yfey}h w|h afrmef& ==N|uyf Defncd pbceffb y}y webce|& Uyfn n `bn(_eancl heyy n ab}hr&

B|}eh uyjhw ab}hrnb=7N|n}lfna( Lin ab}hrfna yefeiba mef _eancl( Defncd `bn heyy B|}eh ab}hrnWnd}bmnf ay ew|yefiebk& =9N|y yeyye( ndby }jww|fna hy n| ]( fed y}y eh Le}jmjdfna(Femy `bfna n yaebyh( nab yeame byye B|}ehy& =5Ie ww|eewawy w|yy ehhefe ekr ybw|yle(

_eanc( ]ednhl `bn( w hekyny Wnd}bmnf n ab}hrb pnhjyn yj}jfrw|jmlmnf( w ehe ekryyN}kmjy dek N}ly w yef kbheib edme}y& Dbuyf dekhye( heyy uyfn n ab}hr& =0_eancl

ekrm ijhknb( dbfin|( ndby kce|byy( dek nffna }n n| B|}eh ab}hrnbfna y}yfey}hw|h afrmef&

=;N|n}lfna( Lin ab}hrfna yefaeyyeiba mef _eanc( ]ednhl `bn heyy B|}ehab}hrn Wnd}bmnf cw| ew|yefiebk& =3N|y yeyye( ndby }jww|fna hy n| ]( fed y}y ehLe}jmjdfna( Femy `bfna n yaebyh( nab yeame byye B|}ehy& =2_eancfna( B|}eh ab}hrfnan| bielmef y}y me Ybkhny$_bhew|e}( Nww|}bn ab}hrn( w eh`jkhnhyn Bllfy( mh$My$Dnnay(Lfncjy( Aeiewy( Cg}y( Kbheijy( Knhbhey( Fn`yhb ekw| `hily( w `jkwkmn cu}gjhyn n|jahnajwnby Nww|}bmn& 7?Ie Cwn( h `bn( ww|eewawy w|yy _eanc( ]ednhl `bn ehhef( whekyn y& Dekhye( w heyy uyfn n ab}hr( Lydfna( U||bll `bfna cuw|niba ew|yefielmef&7>

_eanc ekrm ijhknb( dbfin|( ndby kce|byy( dek nffna }n n| B|}eh ab}hrnbfnay}yfey}h w|h afrmef&


19/31


>2

Lyd u}nhajiwn Limnf #P& =A}f =;(>2"7=_eancfna( ]ednhl `bfna( B|}eh ab}hrfna dwjiba mef ae|ieyy u}nhajifb Lyd(U||bllfna( Lin ab}hrfna n `bn& 77Cuw|jfy ew jhy( ndbaj} u}nhajifb ae|ieyy( w yb|efcnybk u}nhajijyy Le}u|whedmef& Nfrlfna n fee Le}w jhy( Gia hefrn& 79N|y yeyye( ndby

cehrewfea hy n| ]( ekw|ef kr( ncjkrnf npln( U||bll yeyye&75

Gwna n| hij|cnhdja fedw|fyea dek( n fp yjmm}n bw hij|jyy w ydlfe|eyy n| hij|cnhdjajf& pyyeyye dek n|] c|n èhw anpuly&

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>2E|abw aeyeaey ahi |wnbwcj| #P& |w 7;">Ndbaj} E|abw ab}hr e|eaey dekcnhhjyyn( dekw|nkknyyn }ucly( |wa}ucy hyyy dnk}n(dnli medefy n| ] c|mn& =N|uyf ehahiye Ehladjy( n pnhjyn èhkrehly( Wemf

anfgehh}y w n pnpja feby |wa}ucmn hy|e |wnbw p}`ycj|( dg `bcj|& 7N|ydjfiya feab< E|y |efb E|abw< Frjdj}wkfna( mfyeywfea w w|kreffea n fnpln e| nfnp( dbfy dbaj} n kre}dea n| nfrndc w|lbk luyjyy( ie fbfgw e} dekw|hfb y& 9Ynhfdekcnhhln Bwyefei( n| ] n abfgwy}fja dbfief w|ny( naby bieahiyy u}n( n| nww|} ab}hr(cjkr krnh||n n| h Bwyefy( w ynhf dekmfyeyb Bwyefei( n| ] n|ja}y n w|nna}y( ndehreaeydekcnhhjyy& Bdiaj|| n dk dekhe dn}nia}y.

5Ndbaj} E|abw ab}hr edme}eb dek}ae|yea |wnbwcj|( 0kr w|hy cj||lua |wnbw?Djfilyja dek E|abwfna( Lin ab}hrfna< Fe efkeii( cjkr }w|eilef ykeiBwyefei( nabmef m|n n|y kjfijhji( cjkr fed ae}h Le}u|whed n| nww|} ab}hr ae|me.>>Cbw|ef ye bw cnhhjyyni( cjkr dby dehyea Nww|}bn ab}hrnb n ymmb j}w|kmnf( abb}yndbfiefy& Ye ynhf dekdefeahceyw|: >=Dekdefyeyya$e dw fpea bwyefeb n|jany( nabaeyehiebd ehpuw|yyjyyna< K|fy w C}fy( ]egeèy w Eief `bnby( naba Yehnww|}mnf jhyna:>7Cjh nf Cndy ab}hrn( N}pi ab}hrn w W|e`n}nlbd }jwfna n ab}hrn( dek Cfn w

B: >9E|abw yeyye n heehey n aeyea ae|mh( w ehjhnwyn& Dnli `hdefy n| ] c|mn(w abye}yeyye n|y E|abw n| ] ehyy& >5w kr bdiaj|jyy E|abw n| ] ehyy0U]nd( `j}iuhl cj||d `bkrehdewef( wcnhhknww dek. U]nd( frbwi ab n w|edeiey( w hww. Cnhhi dek W|nfc}bm mew|iy( nabbieahiye e|y n| edme}y( cjkr krnh||n n| h Bwyefy. >;Bkn|( U]nd( cjkr Nww|}bn ab}hrnbehpuw|yyjyya n pjkfr fpeaey w j}w|knbany& >3Bwyefebaey y|}e eyeyya( de}y n|ja fed bwjhyna bwyefea( cnfed gwna edme}b a| gwbfhdfrnb( `n w a1 e|}y puw|yycnyya eh aey& >2Iedjwy ye( U]ufa( Bwyeffa( w|nmniyw dek mefffaey n| ae|mh( cnii yuiln dek n `hidbfief j}w|kn( cjkr ye nkr( U]nd( n| ekreihb Bwyef.


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=9

|wnbw mb|yny |efeye=?Naaj} |wnbw( dg `bn e|y n| |efeyey ahiye E|abwfna< kr w|h n| ]( B|}eh BwyefeE|y n| bky

lehefyeyye ab }hn n| ]2;5( >22?( =?>>

=5

dn}nia( w n Wbjf cekr}h n|ja( naba dekdefeahfea& N We}ekea U]fna `hy w|e}eyeyebw|b kce| e|y.

Le}u|whed dekw|nmniuh7=N|}y e|y djfiln n| ] Nww|}bn ab}hr}h< Fed luy me n }jwmn( w frbhny wed h ab }1

fed `j}iy èhle pnl|wjy( jwy}jdwfgjy wed py ehhefe&77

N|jf n| yjf y} bww|n( ndehreflyy( ie emme n }jwmn fed luy me kr w|h n| ]& 79_nl|wn hew|ea effea n }jwfna( wdekw|nmniyjd fdnknd}y( dek n| f w|jhkd}y( Ibi}y&

75N|jf n| lw|naf ehlyy n| ] nfkrnhn( w hekjyy n| nww|} ymj}mnfw||frjhgnfye|e} edme}y& Ndbaj} }ekkeh `haehyea( dbfiefèh cjhyyewyea cee}yea& 70Eaaj}W|nfc}bm( Nww|}bn ab}hrn `hae}eaeieyy( bww|njfuhy Fbfbme( w jyy bw dn}niy& 7;Ekrw|e}n|yf( ndbaj} ppef bwyeffea( Fbw|}afna n yedphjdmnf bdiaj|jyy( n `bnb( Ni}nddehea wW|}ege} hekya an}iinh( dnkua peibk ehdefeahyea N}n}y `hil}e& Uyfn n `bn(w|n}cniif heyy n ab}hr&

=?

E|abw meyekwke w krkruhwn #P& |w 73(>3">Nmmnf n| bimef E|abw cnhhjwnf dekmeyekeieyy& |wnbw p}`yn( dg `bn ehdefy cj||(w e|y djfiyn feab< kr w|h n| ]< ]efiehae|| c|ni}h( de}y dekcnhw|( fed dn}niw|heymef. =E|abw e}}e n `nh èh `j}iuhy( w kr bdiaj|jyy n| ]cj|< 7( U]nd( fe èheiae||dek n}}h( cjkr f cwkewef w ybw|yn w|eh l}ynd w|fei ehyy( w n|y yeyyed( ndby lfnahyw|. w E|abw aewe}ewef w}y&

9|wnbw dk n pnhjyn mehw uin}y wed cnkryn eh( ndbaj} kr w|hy cj|| n| ] bkle>Eaaj} |wnbwp}`yn n| ]cj| abhyjyy( peibk bww|ny}yeyye n| }frajy y| `jaanh c| fnp}lf(n|jajf n `jajajf( ndehreaef d} ycnhniy&

Mnmbhjfb aeyea E|abwfh #P& |w 72(>3">=Nmmnf n| bimef De}ina$Mnhnif( Mnhniffna( Mnmbhfbn ab}hrfna n `bn heehey wnlfiajy ahiyy E|abwfna( de}y cnhhjyyn( cjkr E|abw meyek jhy& >7E|abw dekcnhhknyynaey( n|uyf dekduynyyn feaba ekw| abfgwy}y( n| e|wyy w n| n}nfrny( n mnh|wndjany w n`bfjd jhnlnany( n èkre}y}y w dbfin|y( ndb abfgwy}mnf ynhhcny jhy& Weddb wed jhypnhjylmnf w ekw| mb}jinhdmnf( ndby dek fe duynyjyy jhfn feaba E|abw&

>9Eaaj} |wnbw p}`yn ehdefy E|abw ab}hrcj|( w deka}ie|ye yhe< Dby djfiynae|ea n| edme}ea( w cjffnf lyyea cj||i: E|abw kr èhehy< Deww|e `hi}h( Mnmbhfbmh

lyyea& >5|wnbw kr w|hy< Dby hyyna n pnhjyimnf: E|abw kr èhehy< Dbfiefy hyyna( ndbgwna n pnhjydmnf nf1 weddb wbfgw abfgwy}ndmnf( ndby dek fe duynyynd jhfn feaba&>0

Naaj} |wnbw kr w|hy E|abwcj|< Cnhhi dek n| ] bkly;

Ehlf dnli n| bi( ndbaj}dbfin|y ehbw|ba Mnmbhfbmn( ndb n pnhjyimnf nf( w ndby ehiebi krlyyyea dbfidbk(


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=0

weddb wed dn}ni dek& E|y djfiln n| ]. >3Uyinbi a|h bw( naba yhei w|}dn|fna( nabaeyye fed|eh( ehbw|fea ekreweaey( w uin}jfgja hew|fea Mnmbhfbn ab}hrfna n pnhjylmnf&>2E|abw kr hnw|jhy |wnbwfna< L n| ] bkle( ndehrey cb}ieyyh& De}y e|y kjfijhyn< n| fbidmef naaj} mae w mb|yjfwk hew|&

=?E|abw ekrm ijhknb( ww|ew cwyeyye( w cjkr dbafy aw|yyeyeyy ynny w

|e|eyaey( cjkr mee|ewwe n b|ey n }jwmn( dek nffna }n n Lin ab}hrnbfnay}yfey}h w|h afrmef& =>N|uyf E|abw pbceffb y}y webce|1 uyfn n `bn( Dnfnww heyy nab}hr&

=>Dnfnww u}nhajiwn #P& =A}f 77(>=?">Yb|efay ew jhy Dnfnww( ndbaj} u}nhajifb ae|ieyy( w yefy bk u}nhajijyyLe}u|whedmef& Nfrlfna n fee Ce`gmc jhy& =N|y yeyye( ndby }jww|fna hy n| ]1 jhrnfuyhnyjw ijhkjany( dbfy n|ja n fpea( ndehreaey ab|yy n| ] B|}eh `bnb ehh& 7l}ndekpyyeyye n| hij|cnhdjany( ndehreaey npln( E|abw ehpuw|yyjyy( jhy}jany hhyjyyMnnhfna( w aw|yyeyeyy ekr Nw}$w|jm}jy bw( ndbhrey Ncm( B|}eh ab}hrn aw|yyeyeyy&

Hemj}uhy n| k dbfief we}eke ehyy( w ybw|yehye n|jany& 9Jhy}jany pyyeyeyy n| ] c|mnf(ndehr}h peibk e|y djfiyn n| ]< Le}u|whedmef hew| n feed& 5Jhy}jany pyyeyeyy n| kdbfief we}ekfea n| ] c|n dbfiay uin}mnf& 0N `by bw ehkeyye hij|nyuh& Pn}|whwy w

lehdnkrn}|wy |yy( cnhjyybi|aey w lefidjfiany yn}yjyy& Wja jhrnf ijhkjy byykce|( ndby }jww|fna hy n| ]( mjww|nfyn y& ;Nw}fna n|y n mhfrw|jm}y( ndehrey aw|yyeyeyy( n yedphjdmnf cehre|ye eh( peibk e}}h n|y djfiyn n| ] Ibifna w n `bfna(Wnhndjffna< Emmef n yedphjdmnf( Le}u|whedmef hew| n feed dbfi}aa( de}y e|yhnw|yjyynd ab B|}eh nhndeffrb y}|we a|h& 3w wjcn fed aehh dnli B|}ehfea ehcnkrfbnn|y n `hiey( ndehrey webafea niynd ie gwna naaj}( cn dekyn}yla w yehlewyba dbfin|y( ndbydekpn}nfgwjhynd feaba( n| ekw| y}fry( ndehrey n| f w|jhkd( D|ew pn}nfgwjhy feaba&2Ie a fed efkeiehdewaeiyea( de}y yehrkwme byye aey Dnfnww( w dk kjfjw|nmmijhkjany aeyyea eh( dbfy n|ja n fpea( ndehreaey B|}eh `bnb ehh abb}yjyy n| ]&

>?Naaj} kr w|hy n| ] w|jhkb( n p}`ya hynh< >>Dbeh Dnfnww( Lin ab}hrn bhrefuyhnyjw ijhkjany aeyeyy eh( kjfjw|nmmnany dbfin|jafh( ndbaey ehyye ehaeyyea n|ed}bna( wy mhfrnb }f Liy bw yeame byye( >=e|}y kr w|h n| ]( B|}eh Bwyefe< fjhrnf ew|eiehdey cj|ja Le}u|whed}e w Li}n( cjkr mehegwefih dbfi n ay `he nffna( nabgwna cnhhln. >7Le}u|whedey bw n||nh n d}|wbf}}nh d}ed( ndbeh Wnd}by( w n||nh nd}ffnh( ndbeh Ncm c|y& Aby}hd Le}u|whedey( ncjkr aby}hba n yhny< aby}hba( wn|yf hemj}yla& >9Ehynw|yjd }awked dn}niay& Ehhefwkeb ae|me nijd1 dbfiefehhefwkfea n p}iln w dn}ynhan hew|( >5dbeh n|y yeyya( ndby }jww|fna hyja( w `jhryjfmjww|nfyjyyna nyyh n fnpyh `jkn( cjkr weba abjfuhyna Ekrbpyjdmh( ekw|ef dbfidbk&

>0

Dnfnww fnkrjf wja }ynyhnf }y bw jfyjyy( ndbeh dekyhyyye Le}u|whedey ekrbakyh n dwbabk( n|jf n yaf ah( ndehhreh yeame byye Liy( jhrny ye( ndby }jww|fnahy n| ]&

>;Dnfnww ekrm ijhknb( dbfin|( ndby kce|byy( w yaeb( ndehreaey ehaeyeyy( deknffna }n n Lin ab}hrnbfna y}yfey}h w|h afrmef& >3N|uyf Dnfnww pbceffb y}ywebce|( w ehyedeyya pnhjyln ae}ylmef( n| U||$ae}ymef& Uyfn n `bn( df heyy n ab}hr&

df }bi u}nhajiwn #P& =A}f 77(=>=5">2Cuw|jfay ew jhy df( ndbaj} u}nhajifb ae|ieyy( w ay bk u}nhajijyy Le}u|whedmef&Nfrlfna n fee Dewuhhedey jhy( C}g hefrn( Ljymmh& =?N|y yeyye( ndby }jww|fna hy n|]( ncjkrnf npln( Dnfnww bw yeyye&=>Dbfiefmef n|jf n| yjf l}y( ndehref l}y n| npln2;5( >22?( =?>>

=;

dekhya n ab}hry n pnhjylmnf& =9N| j}w|k fpe n|jfmnf abb}yjyyn dbfin|jany( nabaww|eewaiyea df ab}hr ehhef& N|uyf n `by( Lwbwy yeyye ab}hhr n| j}w|k fpe&

=5df ekrm ijhknb( ndbaey kce|byy( dek nffna }n n Lin ab}hrnbfnay}yfey}h w|h afrmef& =0N| U||$ae}ymef he w}mn yedeyya eh& Uyfn n `bn( Lwbw heyyn ab}hr&

==Lwbw u}nhajiwn( n yedphjd ablnywn #P& =A}f 79(>=3">Frjhgew jhy Lwbw( ndbaj} u}nhajifb ae|ieyy( w cn}dbfgekr bk u}nhajijyyLe}u|whedmef& Nfrlfna n fee Leii jhy( Nil hefrn( Mjganymh& =N|y yeyye( ndbycehrewfea hy n| ]& Dbfiefmef wnyrlfna( Ibifna n| ylf l}y( w fed y}y eh n}}h wed

ljmm}n( wed mnh}n&7Lwbw ab}hr yb|effrjhgniba mef y}yfy( cjkr n ab}hr ehahiye W`f anfgehh}y(

nab Ngnhl `bn( Dewuhhd ufjaln jhy( n| ] c|mn e||eh n dekm|wwnh< 9Defl eh Cbhabll`pnpcj|( cjkr w|eile ww|e n| ] c|mnf ww|ekrhy pf|y( ndby n| nly}a krlyyyea nfpyh& 5Nila jin n|y n dufane|eyafea( naba n| ] c|cj| nffna ab}efiehe( n|ja

peibk nila y n| ] c|mnf ijhkj| dufawjafna( cjkr lnywa ab n yedphjd}jfkhiwnby< 0n| gwjafna( n| pydewye}eafea w n adeweafea( cjkr w}jhlnfna`nnfrnkjy w `n}nkjyy aeaey n yedphjd ablnywcj|& ;Ie fed aehh aey ehw|djhynyfb n||nhn pf||eh( ndby }lua m|yna( de}y cwkewef `jkla ae|ehfb n|y&

N y}frafr dekynhhwn3Ekrw|e} gwna kr w|hy Cbhabll `pnp W`f anfgehh}cj|< E|y n y}frafrey ynhhynd n|] c|mnf. w jinniyn Cbhabll n afrey W`ffna( cjkr jhnwwn eh& 2E|uyf W`fanfgehh} medefy n ab}hrcj|( w lehefywy yeyy n ijhjk}h n ab}hrfna& E|y djfiyn< N yew|jhkbi ww|ew|eiya n yedphjdmnf ynhhcny pf|y( w jinniya n dufane|eyafea( naba n|] c|cj| nffna ab}efiehe& >?Lehefyeyye W`f anfgehh} n ab}hrfna n|y bw( cjkr Cbhabll`pnp ekr afrey nijyy y feab( w èhjhnwjyy mehhe W`f n ab}hrfna&

>>Ndbaj} n ab}hr dekcnhhjyyn n y}frafr bkby( dekw|nkknyyn n }ucly& >=Dnlie|y n pn}nfgwjy niyn n ab}hr Cbhabll `pnpfna( Ncadfna( W`f `bfna( Nam}fna( Dal`bfna( dek W`f anfgehh}fna w Nw|lfna( n ab}hr uin}b edme}fea< >7Defleyea(a}ie||yea dek n| U]ny( cjkr dby lehefyefea effea n dekynhhy afrfea n| bkb }d w n|ekw| fp}e( Li}n f|e. De}y fnkr cn}nk}n bfiuhcnyjyy ehheffa n| ]( dbeh fedcnhhknyyna ehiebfa effea n afrfea n| bkb}e( w fed yeyya dek dbfin|y( ndb n w|dufa}ndek}nyjyy&

>9Cbhabll `pnp( Ncad( Nam}( W`f w Nw|l yecy ehdefy Cuhin p}`ynfc| nab Wnhhdfna( Yba `bfna( Cn}cnw| ufjalfna( n }uca }b|lfea jhy n èhewke( w

Le}u|whed l }jw}w|mef hnajyy ( w mew|hyea ehe&

>5

Cuhin kr w|hy cj||lua< E|ydjfiln n| ]( B|}eh Bwyefe< Djfilyja dek nffna n| edme}fea( nab cj||d ahiyymeffeyeaey< >0E|y djfiln n| ]< f ew|eiehdey cj|ja e}}e n cehr}e w hnab}n( nffna nafrfea dbfief bkle w|e}bfy( ndehrey Lin ab}hrn ehjhnwjyy& >;De}y ehcnkryna efked( wdw bwyefeafea ydlfe|yea( cjkr mjww|nfywnfna efked ae|a dbfief`he gwbfhdfrnh&E|}y hjmmnfy èh hfkjh cn}nkjd e| ehhef n cehr ehhef( w fed nhw|ba ab. >3Ie djfilyja dekLin ab}hrfna( nab n|}y ahiyy meffeyeaey( cjkr deka}ie||yea n| U]ny< E|y djfiln n|] n|ja}h n| bka}h( ndehreaey cnhhjyyh< >2Dbeh dek}efihyh( w deknh|yni dnkni n| ]ehyy( ndbaj} dekcnhhjyyni( cjkr dby lehefyeyyed ab e}}h n cehr}h w hnab}h( cjkr dbhrefpuw|yuhw w yja } }lua( dekw|nkknyyni }uciny( w w}yh ehyyed( e|}y f bwdekcnhhknyhna. kr w|h n| ]& =?E|}y kjfijwajijd }hn( cjkr webi dehh yedewwefea( w

maewwkkeh ae}hl n w}jimn1 feaei fed aehh dekhyfji dbfin|y n ew|eiehdey( ndehrey e}}en cehr}e ehcj|ja. w dekbyya n hnw|y n ab}hrfna&


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=3

=7Lwbw cehr}ehhyln n| bkn| bwyefybw|yeheyey #P& =A}f 79(=277">N ab}hr eaaj} dnkcj| krlyyye Lin w Le}u|whed feby& =N|uyf `hdefy n ab}hr n| ]c|mn( w ehe ekryy dbfief linb `}`b w Le}u|whed ekw| hnajwwkn( n pnpja w n

p}`ya( dek n| ekw| fp np}nln$fnkrln& w èhjhnwyn `ha cnhhny}n n w|eywk afrfeadbfief bkly( ndehrey n| ] c|mnf ynhhyna& 7Dnli abhhy n ab}hr n| edehfr}e( ww|eywkey ayyy n| ] w|fe ehyy n}}n f|e( cjkr n| U]ny aeyba( pn}nfgwjhnynby( bfyehdebyw }efiehae|weby yehlew w|amh w yehlew hehaamh dekyn}yla( w yehlewyba n w|eywk bkby(ndehrea dek nffna }n nmmnf n afrmef& w n| ekw| fp eh`jkniyn e|y n w|eywkey&

9E|uyf dekpn}nfgwjhyn n ab}hr Cbhabll `pnpfna( n cehreyyewfea w n| nly}afea(cjkr cj}ilnfna ab n| ] yedphjdmh dbfief jhrnf `hw|e}ehwy( ndehr Mnnhfna( Nw}fna wn| k dbfief we}ekfea aw|hy& Ehkeyye n|jany Le}u|whedef ah( n Abi}f de|elf( w ncnduy Myehme byeyye& 5Ehyjhyjyyn n mhfrpnpjany( nabaey Lin ab}hrnb nhanhdn|yna n|}y(cjkr n| hij|cnhdjajf ydlfe||efea Lin }jwnbmnf w Le}u|whed a}fraf( dekn|jany bw( naba Mnnhfna( n fnpfna( n cjhifna( n w|e}efgwegwbhhnkjafna w n| k ekw|

we}ekfea ydlfe|yea& 0Abbyeyye n| ] c|mnf he Nw}$w|jm}jy bw Le}u|whedef ah}e(n Abi}f$hkrme( w ehkeyyeyye n Abi}f$hkrmef( pj}} ||nyyn( pj}y peibk n a|fpyedeylme w|}nyyn& ;He}jdmjhynyyn n `}`bpn}|fa c|nby( ndehrea n| ] c|n dehheyy jhyna(ncjh n| nww|jfrja wy}ngwaany w|yyea Nw}fna& 3Mecj|nyyn n| ww|ew pnpjy Lin }jwnbmh1n| hij|cnhdjany peibk( ndehreaef n pnpja ydlfe|yea( ybw|yynhnff yeyye( KemyhMe}wembk& He}jdmjhynyyn n anpuafh he hij|cnhdjany( ndehrea Lwun }jwpn}nfgwfjaanpulfna n mel}nyfh jhyna( n }jwanpuf medefe mnh a| èhh& 2N| hij|cnhdja pnplnbn|jfmnf fed l}uhcnyyna n| ] jhy}cj| Le}u|whedmef( gwna ajw|ynhnf aefre}ey eceyyeayewy}eba a|yy& >?N|uyf ybw|yynhnff yeyye n Yèyey n Mef$Cbffd$hkrmef( cjkr wefabwe keycewwe eh `by nkr hefry hij|nyuh Djhjafna& >>Ehyjhyjyyn n| ] c|fna nmel}nyyh n hjnany( ndehreaey Lin ab}hrnb n fnp ybw|yehey}e hhyjyyna jin( Feynf$Deheauin}fja and}ln dehh( ekr ahf gwn}fjamn& N fnpfna w|efyehy ajgwbany bw ehkeyye&>=He}jdmjhynyyn n ab}hr n|jany n| jhy}jany bw( ndehrea n| edeheyef( n| c|$w|jmn yeyelfjhyna( ndehreaey Lin ab}hrnb aw|yyeyyea1 dek n|jany n| jhy}jany bw( ndehreaey Dnfnwwaw|yyeyeyy n| ] c|fna dbfiay uin}mnf& ww|e||nyyn aey( w n pj}uany n Abi}f$pnynamn w|}nyyn& >7Ybw|yynhnff yeyye n ab}hr n|jany n| hij|cnhdjany bw( ndehreaLe}u|whedyh aehey}e( n Dnwcy$cekryh peibk ih}e jhyna( ndehreaey dk Wnhndjf( B|}ehab}hrn pyyeyeyy Nwy}eyfea( n w|bifbna `}yehdew mhfrfna( Aedwfna( n dmbna`}yehdew mhfrfna w Dbhadfna( n| nddfbna uyhnyjw mhfrfna& >9ww|ey}eyye nw|efy jw|hjpjany( w abknyyn n w|efy àny( cehraey peibk edme}b gwjfyjaanh yhy

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