Phase I History/Architecture Survey for Cincinnati Dayton Road Improvement

Project, West Chester Township, Butler County, Ohio

BUT-CR19-1.89 PID: 96452 and BUT-CR19-2.34 PID: 98776

Lead Agency: Ohio Department of Transportation

Prepared for:Stantec

11687 Lebanon RoadCincinnati, Ohio 45241-2012

and

Butler County Engineers Office1921 Fairgrove Avenue

Hamilton County, Ohio 45011

Prepared by:Gray & Pape, Inc.1318 Main Street

Cincinnati, Ohio 45202

August 28, 2015

Gray & Pape Proj ect No. 14-11401Cin-Day Road

G R AY PA P E , I N C.&ARCHAEOLOGY HISTORY HISTORIC PRESERVATION

Project No. 14-11401

Phase I History/Architecture Survey for

Cincinnati Dayton Road Improvement Project, West Chester Township,

Butler County, Ohio

BUT-CR 19-1.89 PID: 96452 and BUT-CR 19-2.34 PID: 98776

Lead Agency: Ohio Department of Transportation

Prepared for:

Stantec 11687 Lebanon Road

Cincinnati, Ohio 45241-2012 And

Butler County Engineer’s Office 1921 Fairgrove Avenue Hamilton, Ohio 45011

Prepared by:

Donald Burden, M.S.H.P., Principal Investigator

Danielle Meiners, M.S.H.P., Architectural Historian Gray & Pape, Inc. 1318 Main Street

Cincinnati, Ohio 45202 (513) 287-7700

____________________________ Patrick O’Bannon, Ph.D.

Project Manager August 2015

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ABSTRACT This report represents the results of a Phase I History/Architecture Survey conducted by Gray & Pape, Inc., of Cincinnati, Ohio, on behalf of Stantec of Cincinnati, Ohio and the Butler County Engineer’s Office of Hamilton, Ohio. The survey was undertaken for 53 resources at least 50 years of age within the Area of Potential Effects for two proposed improvements to Cincinnati Dayton Road. Proposed improvements for BUT-CR 19-1.89 PID: 96452 and BUT-CR 19-2.34 PID: 98776 will be constructed concurrently as part of an overall regional plan. BUT-CR 19-1.89 PID: 96452 will extend from the intersection of West Chester Road north to the intersection of Station/Lesourdsville West Chester Road. BUT-CR 19-2.34 PID: 98776 will extend from the intersection of Station/Lesourdsville West Chester Road north to the interchange with Interstate 75 in Olde West Chester, West Chester Township, Butler County, Ohio. Research and fieldwork were conducted in February and March 2015. Gray & Pape, Inc. completed a Request for Review (RFR) of the study area, and conducted initial field verification for BUT-CR 19-1.89 PID: 96452 in September 2014 (Gray & Pape 2014). The goal of the RFR was to identify previously recorded cultural resources within the study area, verify the locations of previous identified history/architecture resources, and identify any history/architecture resources within the study area requiring further consideration. Gray & Pape staff conducted a literature review for BUT-CR 19-1.89 PID: 96452 and BUT-CR 19-2.34 PID: 98776 through the Ohio State Historic Preservation Office’s online GIS site in June 2014 and February 2015. This work identified 14 previously recorded resources on Ohio Historic Inventory forms within the study area, ten of which remain extant. The review identified no resources listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), no historic districts listed on the NRHP, and no National Historic Landmarks (NHL) within the study area. No resources were identified in the Ohio Archaeological Inventory, the Ohio Department of Transportation Historic Bridge Inventory, or any resources with a Determination of Eligibility from the Ohio Historic Preservation Office. On December 8, 2014, the Ohio Department of Transportation, Office of Environmental Services (ODOT-OES) conducted a supplemental Section 106 Records Check and review for the project area. ODOT-OES determined that the Area of Potential Effects (APE) features the footprint of the undertaking and adjacent parcels at this stage of the project. Following the records check, ODOT-OES concluded that there are ten architectural locations, documented in the Ohio Historic Inventory, that are located within or in the vicinity of the APE. In addition, they determined that, within the project area, there are no historic bridges or properties listed on the NRHP, or any properties determined eligible for listing on the NRHP. The records check identified two cemeteries within or in the vicinity of the APE. Based on the proposed alignment, the number of properties exceeding 50 years of age, the results of a 1980 survey, and documentation provided by the project sponsor, ODOT-OES determined that a Phase I History/Architecture survey was warranted for the proposed undertakings, BUT-CR 19-1.89 PID: 96452 and BUT-CR 19-2.34 PID: 98776.

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The APE is centered on Cincinnati Dayton Road and extends the length of the project area. Research identified no NRHP properties or districts and no NHLs. In addition to the 14 previously recorded properties, 43 newly-identified resources were recorded during the survey. Background research was conducted at the Public Library of Cincinnati and Hamilton County in Cincinnati. Construction dates of the resources were established through property records available through the Butler County Auditor’s online search, cartographic research, and field observation. Two of the 53 Phase I history/architecture resources are recommended eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. No new historic districts were identified. No resources are recommended for Phase II investigations.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract ................................................................................................................................. i

Table of Contents ................................................................................................................ iii

List of Figures ..................................................................................................................... iv

List of Tables ...................................................................................................................... iv

List of Plates ....................................................................................................................... iv

1.0 Introduction ....................................................................................................................1 1.1 Project Description ......................................................................................................1 1.2 Description of Project APE .........................................................................................3 1.3 Project History .............................................................................................................3 1.4 Acknowledgments .......................................................................................................4

2.0 Project Methods ..............................................................................................................4 2.1 Literature Review and Background Research Methods................................................4 2.2 Architectural Field Methods.........................................................................................4 2.3 Evaluation Criteria ......................................................................................................4

3.0 Cultural Overview of the Study Area ..............................................................................6 3.1 Historic Context ..........................................................................................................6

4.0 Project Results ................................................................................................................9 4.1 Results of Background Research .................................................................................9 4.2 Results of Field Investigations .................................................................................. 15

5.0 Conclusions and Recommendations .............................................................................. 56

6.0 References Cited ........................................................................................................... 57

Appendix A: Photo Keys and Report Plates Appendix B: Preliminary Construction Limits Appendix C: Proposed National Register Boundaries

Appendix D: OHI Forms Appendix E: ODOT History/Architecture Phase I Resource Table

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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. USGS Topographic Map Showing the Study Area in Butler County, Ohio .............2

Figure 2. McBride’s Map of 1836 Showing the Project Area .............................................. 10

Figure 3. 1875, L. H. Evert’s & Co. Map Showing the Project Area .................................... 11

Figure 4. 1895 Rerick Brothers Map Showing the Project Area ........................................... 12

Figure 5. 1895, Rerick Brothers Map Inset Showing the Project Area .................................. 13

Figure 6. 1965, USGS Topographic Glendale Quadrangle Showing Project Area ................ 14

LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Previously Recorded Resources in the APE ........................................................... 16

Table 2. OHI/OAI/OGS Cemeteries .................................................................................... 17

Table 3. Newly Identified Resources in the APE ................................................................. 25

Table 4. Resources Recommended Eligible for Inclusion in the NRHP ............................... 56

LIST OF PLATES (LOCATED IN APPENDIX A)

Plate A1. Intersection of Cincinnati Dayton Road and West Chester Road, facing south.

Plate A2. Intersection of Cincinnati Dayton Road and West Chester Road, facing east.

Plate A3. Intersection of Cincinnati Dayton Road and West Chester Road, facing north.

Plate A4. Intersection of Cincinnati Dayton Road and West Chester Road, facing west.

Plate A5. St. John Church rectory at 9080 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing east.

Plate A6. St. John the Evangelist Church, Favret Hall, facing northeast.

Plate A7. Former Gard’s Tavern at 9069 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-316-14), facing north.

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Plate A8. Former Gard’s Tavern at 9069 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-316-14), facing south. Plate A9. Converted house at 9059 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northwest. Plate A10. Converted houses and residences along the west side of Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northwest. Plate A11. Converted houses at 9039 and 9035 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing west. Plate A12. Zadok Turner house at 9039 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-314-14), facing southwest. Plate A13. Converted house at 9035 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northwest. Plate A14. House at 9031 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southwest. Plate A15. House at 9023 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southwest. Plate A16. House at 9007 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southwest. Plate A17. Converted houses and residences at 9003, 9001, and 8995 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northwest. Plate A18. Converted houses along west side of Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southwest. Plate A19. House at 9001 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northwest. Plate A20. Residence and gallery at 8995 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northwest. Plate A21. Converted garage building at 8992 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southeast. Plate A22. Converted house at 8988 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing east. Plate A23. House at 8951 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northwest. Plate A24. West Chester Presbyterian Church at 8930 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northeast. Plate A25. West Chester Presbyterian Church 8930 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing south. Plate A26. House at 8923 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing north. Plate A27. Converted house at 8913 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northeast.

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Plate A28. House at 8918 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southwest. Plate A29. House at 8900 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northeast. Plate A30. Converted house at 8897 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing north. Plate A31. Intersection of Cincinnati Dayton Road and Lesourdsville West Chester Road, facing west. Plate A32. Commercial building at 8893 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing north. Plate A33. House at 8884 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northeast. Plate A34. Commercial building at 8882 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-313-14), facing northeast. Plate A35. Whitlock Building at 8880 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-312-14), facing south. Plate A36. Converted house at 8875 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-320-14), facing north. Plate A37. Elias Simpson Township Hall at 8872 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-322-14), facing northeast. Plate A38. Van Hise’s Grocery/Ihle’s Grocery at 8870 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-321-14), facing southwest. Plate A39. Joshua Stephenson House at 8862 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-315-14), facing east. Plate A40. Cincinnati Dayton Road north of Seminary Street, facing northeast. Plate A41. Cincinnati Dayton Road at Seminary Street, facing southwest. Plate A42. West Chester Church of Christ at 8847 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southwest. Plate A43. Converted house at 8825 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southwest. Plate A44. House at 8820 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southeast. Plate A45. House at 8819 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southwest. Plate A46. House at 8816 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southeast. Plate A47. Anderson Residence/Phillips House at 8809 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-361-14), facing southwest.

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Plate A48. House at 8807 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southwest. Plate A49. House at 8800 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southeast. Plate A50. Funeral home at 8791 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northwest. Plate A51. House at 8786 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southeast. Plate A52. House at 8778 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southeast. Plate A53. House at 8794 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southeast. Plate A54. Union Township Centralized School at 8735 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southwest. Plate A55. Streetscape from 8735 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southwest. Plate A56. Commercial building at 8720 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing east. Plate A57. Port Union Special District School House at 8700 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southeast. Plate A58. West Chester Turnpike Marker at 8685 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-318-14), facing northwest. Plate A59. House at 8685 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southwest. Plate A60. House at 6700 Cresthaven Avenue, facing northwest. Plate A61. House at 8674 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southeast. Plate A62. House at 8671 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northwest. Plate A63. House at 8662 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southeast. Plate A64. House at 8661 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southwest. Plate A65. House at 8659 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northwest. Plate A66. House at 8643 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southwest. Plate A67. House at 8643 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing east. Plate A68. Streetscape from 8567 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northeast.

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1.0 INTRODUCTION Gray & Pape, Inc. (Gray & Pape), Cincinnati, Ohio, was retained by Stantec, Cincinnati, Ohio, to conduct a Phase I History/Architecture Survey for resources located within the Area of Potential Effects (APE) for proposed improvements to Cincinnati Dayton Road in Olde West Chester, West Chester Township, Butler County, Ohio (Figure 1).

1.1 Project Description BUT-CR 19-1.89 PID: 96452 involves the widening of Cincinnati Dayton Road to four lanes, adding sidewalks to both sides of the road, and installing a bike path along the east side of the road between West Chester Road and the northern driveway to St. John’s Evangelical Catholic Church. The project also includes the realignment of Station Road to improve geometrics at the intersection of Cincinnati Dayton Road. One bridge on Cincinnati Dayton Road will be widened and one bridge on Station Road will be replaced. BUT-CR 19-2.34 PID: 98776, located immediately north of BUT-CR 19-1.89 PID: 96452, involves widening Cincinnati Dayton Road by adding a center turn lane and additional southbound lane from the intersection of Station/Lesourdsville West Chester Road north to the interchange with Interstate 75 (I-75). The project will also include the installation of replacement sidewalk throughout the corridor.

1.1.1 Purpose and Need The purpose of the BUT-CR19-1.89 PID: 96452 and BUT-CR 19-2.34 PID: 98776 projects is to increase roadway capacity and improve geometrics, which will improve level of service and safety in the project area. The project will also improve pedestrian/bicycle access and safety in the project area through construction of sidewalks on both sides of Cincinnati Dayton Road and a bike path on a portion of the east side. Approximately 16,500 vehicles use this segment of Cincinnati Dayton Road each day. Six percent of the average daily traffic is truck traffic, increasing to 12 percent and 10 percent during the morning and evening peak hours, respectively. Additionally, numerous private driveway access points and public road intersections are located between the north and south project termini. These access points, in combination with the high traffic volumes and the existing two-lane facility, are causing congestion and safety issues in the project area. Existing (2018 No Build) level-of-service in the project area is graded as “F” in the morning peak and “E” in the evening peak, which indicate heavy congestion and substantial delay. By 2038, traffic volumes are expected to increase by 32 percent to approximately 21,800 vehicles per day, resulting in a 2038 No Build level-of-service of “F” in both the morning and evening peak hours.

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1.2 Description of Project APE The project area extends through Olde West Chester, which is located about a quarter of a mile east of I-75. The village straddles the Cincinnati Dayton Road over the distance of about one-half mile. The terrain is distinguished by gentle sloping hills, a few scattered agriculture fields, and heavily wooded creek valleys. The fertile soil and creeks were an attraction to early settlers. The building density is relatively sparse. The large properties of St. John Church and West Chester Presbyterian Church occupy much of the project area along the east side of Cincinnati Dayton Road. Most of the residential buildings are concentrated along the west side of the road, opposite the church properties. The building stock consists of modest, one- and two-story houses that date from the mid-1800s through the early twentieth century. The majority of these houses have been converted to commercial use. A few of these buildings retain remarkable integrity, but most have experienced the usual list of alterations, including vinyl siding, replacement windows, and additions. Despite these alterations the overall collection of buildings still retains a sense of continuity, as there has been little modern construction along Cincinnati Dayton Road within the project area.

1.3 Project History Gray & Pape completed a Request for Review (RFR) of the study area in September 2014 (Gray & Pape 2014). The goal of the RFR was to identify previously recorded cultural resources within the study area, verify the locations of previous identified history/architecture resources, and identify any history/architecture resources within the study area requiring further consideration. Gray & Pape staff conducted a literature review for the APE through the Ohio State Historic Preservation Office’s (OHPO) online GIS site in June 2014 and February 2015. This work identified 14 previously recorded resources on Ohio Historic Inventory (OHI) forms and one OGS cemetery within the study area. The review identified no resources listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), no historic districts listed on the NRHP, and no National Historic Landmarks (NHL) within the study area. No resources were identified in the Ohio Archaeological Inventory (OAI), the Ohio Department of Transportation Historic Bridge Inventory, or any resources with an official Determination of Eligibility (DOE) from OHPO. On December 8, 2014, the Ohio Department of Transportation, Office of Environmental Services (ODOT-OES) conducted a supplemental Section 106 Records Check and review for the project area. ODOT-OES determined that, at this stage of the project, the Area of Potential Effects (APE) features the footprint of the undertaking and adjacent parcels. Following the records check, ODOT-OES concluded that there are ten architectural locations, documented in the Ohio Historic Inventory, that are located within or in the vicinity of the APE. In addition, they determined that, within the project area, there are no historic bridges or properties listed on the NRHP, or any properties determined eligible for listing on the NRHP. The records check identified two cemeteries within or in the vicinity of the APE. Based on the proposed alignment, the number of properties exceeding 50 years of age, the results of a 1980 survey, and documentation provided by the project sponsor, ODOT-OES determined that a Phase I

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History/Architecture survey was warranted for the proposed undertakings, BUT-CR 19-1.89 PID: 96452 and BUT-CR 19-2.34 PID: 98776. This report presents results of the Phase I investigations of resources within the current project APE.

1.4 Acknowledgments The fieldwork for the expanded survey was undertaken in March 2015 by Principal Investigator, Donald Burden, M.S.H.P. and Architectural Historian, Danielle Meiners, M.S.H.P. Mr. Burden and Ms. Meiners prepared the report. Patrick O’Bannon, Ph.D., served as Project Manager. Ruth Myers and Carly Meyer provided the maps and prepared the graphics. Julisa Meléndez edited the report.

2.0 PROJECT METHODS

2.1 Literature Review and Background Research Methods Background research for this project was conducted in February and March 2015 at the Public Library of Cincinnati and Hamilton County in Cincinnati. Construction dates were established through property records available on the Butler County Auditor Office’s online search, cartographic research, and field observation. Fourteen properties recorded on OHI forms were identified through the literature search. No NRHP or NHL properties or districts were identified within the project APE.

2.2 Architectural Field Methods Fieldwork for the Phase I History/Architecture survey was undertaken in March 2015. Documentation of the resources included on-site exterior inspection of the resources, photographs of the resources taken from the public right-of-way, and overview streetscape photographs. Resources built after 1965 were not surveyed as part of this project.

2.3 Evaluation Criteria Each of the Phase I resources was examined for its potential to meet NRHP-eligibility criteria. Four criteria are outlined for evaluating resources for eligibility and inclusion in the National Register. These are: ● Criterion A: Association with events that have made a significant contribution to the

broad patterns of our history; ● Criterion B: Association with the lives of persons significant in our past; ● Criterion C: Embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of

construction, or that represent the work of a master, or that possess high artistic values,

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or that represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction; and

● Criterion D: Yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or

history. The application of Criterion D presupposes that the information imparted by the site is significant in history or prehistory and that at least one of the other National Register criterion is satisfied (U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service 1995:2).

2.3.1 Criteria Considerations Certain resources, such as museum artifacts, cemeteries, birthplaces or graves of historical figures, religious properties, moved structures, reconstructions, or commemorative monuments, and resources less than 50 years old, are generally not eligible. However, they may qualify if they are part of historic districts or meet one of the following criteria exceptions: ● A. A religious property deriving primary significance from architectural or artistic

distinction or historical importance; or ● B. A building or structure removed from its original location but which is significant

primarily for architectural value, or which is the surviving structure most importantly associated with a historic person or event; or

● C. A birthplace or grave of a historical figure of outstanding importance if there is no

other appropriate site or building directly associated with his productive life; or ● D. A cemetery that derives its primary significance from graves of persons of

transcendent importance, from age, from distinctive design features, or from association with historic events; or

● E. A reconstructed building when accurately executed in a suitable environment and

presented in a dignified manner as part of a restoration master plan, and when no other building or structure with the same association has survived; or

● F. A property primarily commemorative in intent if design, age, tradition, or symbolic

value has invested it with its own historical significance; or ● G. A property achieving significance within the past 50 years if it is of exceptional

importance (U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service 1995:2).

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3.0 CULTURAL OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY AREA Historic contexts assist in the interpretation of the cultural resources identified during this survey. This chapter provides an overview of the history of the project area vicinity. The historic context is not intended to be a comprehensive history, rather, it is intended to provide a framework within which to associate architectural resources identified in the project APE and to aid in the evaluation of their potential eligibility for listing in the NRHP. Resources within the project APE are located on Cincinnati Dayton Road.

3.1 Historic Context Euro-American settlement in what is now known as the Olde West Chester area occurred as early as 1791, when Joseph McMaken applied for a patent. Additional settlers soon followed, with Joseph Cox, the Swearingen family, Samuel Seward, Abraham Montanye, Matthew Van Dine, Jr., Isaac Paxton, and John Ayers comprising some of the more prominent early residents. These pioneering farmers arrived via the trail that extended between Cincinnati and Dayton. The trail had evolved atop a former buffalo path, which had, in turn, been used by Native Americans. By the 1840s, the trail had been improved and organized as the Great Miami Turnpike. It would later go by the name of Cincinnati Dayton Road (Shewalter 1979:12-16; Western Biographical Publishing Company 1882:574). Originally called Hogstown, the small village of present-day Olde West Chester sprang up along present-day Cincinnati Dayton Road during the first decade of the nineteenth century. Early settlers were attracted to the fertile farmland, the ease of accessibility to a major north south route, as well as the availability of two creeks that converge near the middle of the village. Hogstown was the first village established in what was then Liberty Township, Butler County. By the mid-1810s, numerous tradespeople had established businesses in Hogstown. Among these professionals were blacksmiths and millers of various types, including saw, carding, fulling, flax, and grist millers. Due to the accumulation of mechanically-inclined individuals, the first plat in present-day Olde West Chester went by the name of Mechanicsburg. Hezekiah Smith conducted the survey and filed the paperwork. Submitted to the Butler County Courthouse in 1817, the eight-acre plat consisted of 27 lots and featured only a few streets, including present-day Walnut, Sycamore, and Seminary streets. Present day Cincinnati Dayton Road served as Main Street. Smith’s plat is located immediately north of the present-day Cincinnati Dayton Road/Lesourdsville West Chester Road intersection. A second plat soon followed the first, with another 19 lots laid out at the present-day intersection of Cincinnati Dayton Road and West Chester Road. To this day, the original portion of the village has not grown beyond these two plats (Shewalter 1979:23-24). When county commissioners divided Liberty Township in 1823, Mechanicsburg fell within the boundaries of the newly-organized Union Township. The following year, the villagers of Mechanicsburg welcomed their first post office. Named Chester, the post office was actually located just to the east of Mechanicsburg. To avoid confusion, the townspeople agreed to

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change the name of the village to West Chester. The “West,” apparently, signifying the fact that the village was located to the west of the post office. The name took effect on October 2, 1826 (Shewalter 1979:26). Located 19 miles north of Cincinnati, and 34 miles south of Dayton, the village made for an ideal resting spot for those travelling north or south. For this reason, inn keepers were quick to establish a foothold in West Chester. The first inn occupied the site of the current Sozo Hair Salon, located on the northwest corner of Cincinnati Dayton Road and West Chester Road (BUT-316-14). Owned by Ezekial Gard, the inn consisted of a log building. In 1835, Gard replaced the log building with a brick structure. It continued to serve as a tavern as late as the early 1980s, making it the oldest such establishment in the township. The building has since been converted to other uses. Gard’s inn remains standing but it has been altered beyond recognition with the application of vinyl siding, flag-stone veneer, new window treatments, and large additions. By the time Gard had erected his brick inn, West Chester had evolved into something of a cross-roads settlement. In addition to the north-south route that comprises present-day Cincinnati Dayton Road, additional roads extended through the village from the east and west. These roads include present-day West Chester Road, Lesourdsville West Chester Road, and Station Road. As evidenced by McBride’s 1836 map, the township was well-settled, with farmsteads occupying most of the surrounding landscape (Figure 2). By 1875, the Dayton & Cincinnati Railroad, commonly called the Dayton Short Line Railroad, had extended a line northward through Union Township. The route came within a little more than half a mile of West Chester; close enough that the Dayton Short Line maintained a depot at the Station Road crossing (Figure 3). The railroad was no doubt a great convenience to West Chester’s citizenry, as it would have provided an outlet for agricultural products, but it does not appear to have had a major impact on local development. The 1895, Rerick Brothers map depicts West Chester much as it looked back in 1836 (Figure 4). Indeed, West Chester would remain a rural village well into the twentieth century. As evidenced by the large church properties along the east side of the project area, religion played a prominent role in the lives of local residents. The West Chester Catholic Church congregation dates to the mid or late-1850s. The congregation was a branch of the St. Gabriel Catholic Church at Glendale, Ohio. Having grown weary of the long trip to Glendale, the West Chester congregation established their own church, which they called St. John the Evangelist Parish. The church now boasts of several large buildings, the earliest of which dates to 1840. The main building currently used by the congregation is of recent construction. To the north of St. John Church sits the West Chester Presbyterian Church. The original building dates to 1881, but has been largely remodeled and greatly expanded in recent years (Shewalter 1979:36). Most of the small industries that came to distinguish West Chester’s early years had largely disappeared by the mid-nineteenth century. By this time, West Chester appears to have consisted largely of residences and a few small businesses, with large farms surrounding the

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perimeters of the village. West Chester still retains a number of residential and commercial buildings from the mid-to-late nineteenth century. The brick house at 9039 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-314-14) is among the oldest in the township. Built in the late 1840s, the house has changed ownership many times over the years. George H. Snyder is reported to have lived in the house for the longest period of time. He resided in the home from 1875 until he died. His widow, Eliza, remained in the house until 1918. In 1933, Carl and Louise Oberhelman purchased the house and converted it to an antique store called the “Blue Shutters.” It has gone by this name ever since, despite the removal of the shutters (Shewalter 1979:29-30). It currently houses a salon. A number of general stores serviced West Chester at various times throughout the village’s history. Among the earliest stores still standing is the Van Hise grocery store (BUT-321-14), located at 8870 Cincinnati Dayton Road. The building possibly dates to as early as 1855. The Van Hises were a prominent family in West Chester. The building currently houses a photography studio. The conversion of residential buildings to commercial use has been a common theme in West Chester’s more recent history. Nearly all of the houses lining Cincinnati Dayton Road, within the village, now house some type of small business. A number of these possibly retain residential space somewhere within the building. Newer tract houses now occupy much of the former farmland that lay to the west of the West Chester plats, and the Cincinnati Dayton Road has evolved from a sleepy country lane into a busy, commercial corridor. A number of small farms remain active to the south and west of the village, but encroaching development appears destined to remove what remains of West Chester’s once rural setting. In homage to the township’s first settlement, the residents of Union Township voted back in 2000 to change the township’s name to West Chester. The original village now goes by the name of Olde West Chester.

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4.0 PROJECT RESULTS

4.1 Results of Background Research

4.1.1 Historic Map Research The Phase I History/Architecture survey report for this project provides basic context for the development history of the project APE. The maps included below focus on the history and development of West Chester and the Cincinnati Dayton Road corridor. The 1836 McBride’s map of Butler County, Ohio provides mapping of the project area in Union Township (now West Chester Township). The map shows roads and farmsteads, including owner names and acreage, of this area. No buildings or property owner names are shown within the town center (Figure 2). The 1875 L.H. Everts & Co. atlas of Butler County, Ohio shows similar information to the 1836 map (Figure 3). This map, however, shows the division of lots within the town, but no buildings or property owner names. Compared to the earlier map, the town experienced some development in the area between 1836 and 1875. The 1895 Rerick Brothers map of Butler County provides an inset map of the town of West Chester (Figures 4 and 5). The map clearly shows the divisions of lots within the town centered on Cincinnati Dayton Road (labeled here as Main Street/Great Miami Pike). The map also shows that new development was located south of the original town center on the west side of Great Miami Pike. The 1965, USGS Topographical map shows the expanded development of the area following construction of I-75 (Figure 6). While large areas of farmland were still extant by this date, several individual buildings were constructed along the main roadways in the general area.

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Figure 2

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1895, Rerick Brothers Map Showing the Project Area

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1895, Rerick Brothers Map Inset Showing the Project Area

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.G R AY PA P E , I N C.&ARCHAEOLOGY HISTORY HISTORIC PRESERVATION

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Figure 6

1965, USGS Glendale Quadrangle Showing the Project Area

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.G R AY PA P E , I N C.&ARCHAEOLOGY HISTORY HISTORIC PRESERVATION

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Project Area

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4.2 Results of Field Investigations The Phase I History/Architecture survey identified 14 previously recorded resources, 10 of which remain extant, and 43 newly identified resources that are 50 years old or older within the project APE. Two cemeteries are located within the vicinity of the APE, including OGS 15817, located at or near the West Chester Church of Christ at 8847 Cincinnati Dayton Road, and the West Chester Cemetery, located at 6425 West Chester Road. Field investigations failed to locate OGS 15817, which appears to consist of a solitary grave. It appears to have either been moved or is located outside the APE. The West Chester Cemetery is located outside the APE, southwest of West Chester Road-Cincinnati Dayton Road intersection. It remains unrecorded. The 53 Phase I resources within the APE were examined to determine if they are eligible for inclusion in the NRHP individually or as part of a historic district (Plates A1 – A68). The overall recommendation for the resources in located in Section 5. The ODOT History/Architecture table is located in Appendix E. The APE is characterized by residential and commercial development on Cincinnati Dayton Road between West Chester Road and the intersection of I-75. Many of the residential buildings have been converted to commercial usage. The vast majority of the resources found within the project area have been drastically altered with replacement materials and additions, thereby altering their historic look and feel. Since 1980, when the 14 previously recorded resources were surveyed, the buildings have undergone considerable alteration. Although the recorder recommended eight of the resources eligible at that time, six of them have since been significantly altered.

4.2.1 Previously Recorded Resources The literature review identified 14 previously recorded resources in the Ohio Historic Inventory within or near the project APE (Table 1) and one recorded cemetery (Table 2). These resources are discussed in further detail in Section 4.2.3. Of the 14 previously recorded resources, ten remain extant.

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Table 1. Previously Recorded Resources in the APE

OHI # Name Address Date of Construction Style & Type Current

Condition NR Status

BUT-288-14 N/A 8600 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1875 Vernacular/Residential Demolished N/A

BUT-318-14 West Chester Turnpike Marker

8685 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1830 No Style/Mile Marker Good Eligible

BUT-361-14 Anderson Residence (Phillips House)

8809 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1836 New England One and a

Half/Residential Good Not eligible

BUT-319-14 N/A 8857 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1880 Vernacular/Residential Demolished N/A

BUT-315-14 Joshua Stephenson House

8862 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1850 Italianate/I-

House/Residential Good Not eligible

BUT-320-14 N/A 8875 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1880 Vernacular/Gable-T Good Not eligible

BUT-321-14 K&H Grocery (Van Hise’s Grocery)

8870 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1869 Vernacular/Front

Gable/Commercial Good Not eligible

BUT-322-14 Memory Lane Antiques

(Elias Simpson Township Hall)

8872 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1865 Vernacular/Front

Gable/Commercial Poor Not eligible

BUT-312-14 Whitlock Building 8880 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1843/1852 Vernacular/Residential Fair Not eligible

BUT-313-14 N/A 8882 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1870

Vernacular/Front Gable/Commercial/

Residential Good Not eligible

BUT-323-14 N/A 8996 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1859 Vernacular Demolished N/A

BUT-314-14 Zadok Turner House (Blue Shutters)

9039 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1848

Greek Revival/New England One and a

Half/Residential Good Eligible

BUT-316-14 Tri-County Tavern (Gard’s Tavern)

9069 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1835 Vernacular/Commercial Good Not eligible

BUT-317-14 Methodist Parsonage 8864 Walnut St. Ca. 1820 Federal/Parsonage Demolished N/A

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Table 2. OHI/OAI/OGS Cemeteries

OGS Number Name Location

15817 Caroline Robinson 8847 Cincinnati Dayton Road

Gard’s Tavern, 9069 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-316-14)

This resource is a ca. 1835, vernacular, square-shaped commercial building. The original portion of the building stands two stories in height and has an inward-sloping roof (Plates A7-A8). Originally built to house Gard’s Tavern, it is reported to be the oldest surviving tavern building in the township; however, the building has been altered beyond recognition. The building is actually constructed of brick, but it has been concealed under a layer of vinyl siding and flag stone veneer. All of the windows have been replaced with six-over-six vinyl sash. A decorative, plastic or vinyl fan-shaped application sits atop each of the window openings on the original portion of the building. The northern and western façades of the building are enveloped in large, modern additions.

Available county histories indicate that Gard’s Tavern is the oldest tavern in the township. While the building’s history is significant to local history, the severe alterations to the building no longer convey its significance. As a result of its loss of historic integrity, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that Gard’s Tavern was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. Gard’s Tavern is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been severely compromised by large additions and the addition of replacement materials, including vinyl windows and siding. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends Gard’s Tavern as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. Zadok Turner House, 9039 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-314-14)

This building is a ca. 1848, Greek Revival style New England One and a Half type house (Plates A11-A12). The building is built of brick and the side-gabled roof is covered with asphalt shingles. The original portion of the façade is divided into five bays. There is no decorative cornice or gable returns, but a strip of decorative molding accentuates the divide between the entablature and first story. The half story appears to retain its original sash, which each consist of three lights arranged horizontally. Fenestration on the first story consists of six-over-six, double-hung wood sash windows that also appear to be original to the building. The doorway, located in the center of the façade, features multi-light transom and sidelights. A

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heavy, hipped-roof porch surmounts the front entry. The entry includes a pair of square, Doric columns and a pair of Doric pilasters. A brick kitchen addition on the rear of the building has been enlarged to accommodate commercial activities. This was accomplished by enclosing what had been an open porch along the west side of the house. The side of the enclosure features a series of three, paired one-over-one anodized aluminum windows. A single one-over-one anodized aluminum window is located immediately to the right of the original façade. There is also a large frame addition to the south of the kitchen addition. The enclosure of the porch is a recent occurrence, but the kitchen and frame additions likely date to the nineteenth and early twentieth century, respectively. During the 1930s, the Zadok Turner House was documented in the Historic American Building Survey (HABS). The two available photos in the HABS document reveal that the building looked much like it does today, with the exception of the bricked-in porch on the side of the house.

Available county histories provide no indication that the Zadok Turner House was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. The 1850 U.S. Population Census lists Zadok Turner as living in Union Township and working as a plasterer. The index of the 1860 Census lists Turner as then residing in Columbia Township of Hamilton County, Ohio; therefore, he did not live long at this address. Since Turner does not appear to have played a significant role in West Chester’s history, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. Although one other New England One and a Half is located but a short distance from the Zadok Turner House, the house type is unusual for the area. Despite the recent enclosure of the side porch, the house largely retains its overall historical form and massing. It also retains much of its original materials, including its windows, entryway, door, and porch. As an unusual house type that retains good integrity, Gray & Pape recommends the Zadok Turner House at 9039 Cincinnati Dayton Road eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Proposed National Register boundaries are located in Appendix C. Whitlock Building, 8880 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-312-14)

This resource is a ca. 1843/1852, wood-frame, vernacular, salt-box-shaped building (Plate A35). The original footprint of the building was likely a Pre-Classic I House type, with three bays. Additions, over time, have transformed the building into a salt-box shape. The roof is covered with asphalt shingles. Fenestration on the second story includes two-over-two and one-over-one double-hung windows. The two-over-two windows may be original to the building. All four of the second story windows are flanked by decorative shutters. Fenestration on the first story consists of replacement, one-over-one, vinyl sash windows. Having been converted to commercial space, the first story of the façade is currently divided into seven bays with two pedestrian entrances located toward the southern end of the main façade and one at the northern end. The exterior walls have been covered with vinyl siding. A review of the OHI form, recorded in 1980, reveals that the main façade has been significantly altered in recent

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years. The southernmost door on the façade is a recent alteration, as is the hipped roof awning that extends the length of the façade. The alterations likely occurred when the house was converted to commercial use.

Available county histories provide no indication that the building was not associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the building was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The building is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by additions and alterations to the main façade, as well as the application of vinyl siding and aluminum windows on the first story. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. 8875 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-320-14)

This resource is a ca. 1880, vernacular, two-story T-plan house type (Plate A36). The roof is covered with asphalt shingles. The exterior walls are covered with vinyl siding. A one-story Eastlake style porch, with turned posts, spindles, and brackets, adorns the entryway. Fenestration consists of replacement, one-over-one, vinyl sash windows. There is a pair of small, one-story additions attached to the rear of the building. The building has been converted from residential to commercial use.

Available county histories provide no indication that the building was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the building was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The building is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by the application of replacement materials, including vinyl windows and siding. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP.

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Memory Lane Antiques/Elias Simpson Township Hall, 8872 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-322-14)

This resource is a ca. 1865, vernacular, two-story, front-gabled commercial building (Plate A37). Built of wood frame construction, the building’s main façade is divided into three bays. The roof is covered with asphalt shingles. There are no decorative elements along the roofline. Fenestration includes a mixture of two-over-two, two-over-one, and one-over-one double-hung windows. Some of these windows may be original to the building while others are likely replacements. A one-story shed roof addition is in front of the main entrance to the building. Covered with T1-11 siding, the addition possibly dates to the 1970s or 1980s. The storefront features a multi-light wood sash door flanked on either side by large, plate-glass windows. The exterior walls have been covered with asbestos cement siding.

Research in local libraries and other repositories revealed that the building served as the first meeting hall for the community. It was named for Elias Simpson. According to the OHI form, recorded in 1981, the first meeting transpired on April 29, 1865. Like most of the buildings along Cincinnati Dayton Road, the town hall was later converted to commercial use and has been significantly altered with a storefront addition and asbestos cement siding. Having lost much its historic integrity, including association, design, materials, workmanship, and feeling, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A.

Available county histories provide no indication that the building was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The building is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by a storefront addition on the main façade and the application of asbestos cement siding. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. K&H Grocery/Van Hise’s Grocery, 8870 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-321-14)

This resource is a ca. 1869, two-story, front-gabled commercial building (Plate A38). A wood frame building, the façade is divided into three bays. The roof is covered with asphalt shingles. A box cornice with gable returns adorns the roofline. The storefront of this former grocery features large, one-over-one plate glass windows, located on either side of a central entry. These windows appear to be replacements. Fenestration on the second story consists of one-over-one aluminum or vinyl windows. The three, second-story windows on the main façade feature shaped lintels. Windows on the sides of the building are unadorned. A pair of small, circular windows are located on the northern side of the first story. The exterior walls have been covered with asbestos cement siding.

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Research in local libraries and other repositories revealed that the building served as the town’s general store and grocery. According to the OHI form, recorded in 1980, William W. Van Hise acquired the lot in 1855. It is not known precisely when he built the store. Van Hise was a local grain dealer and the township treasurer. Although an early building in the village, it was not associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. No further information was discovered about William W. Van Hise and available county histories provide no indication that the building was associated with the lives of any other persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The building is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by the application of replacement materials, including asbestos cement siding and aluminum or vinyl sash windows. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. Joshua Stephenson House, 8862 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-315-14)

The resource is a ca.1850, brick-built, two-story, I House (Plate A39). The main façade is divided into five-bays. The roof is covered with asphalt shingles. Two interior chimneys are located at each of the gable ends. The roof line features an Italianate style cornice with brackets and gable returns. A one-story, flat-roof porch, set atop a series of six, Doric columns and extends the width of the façade. The columns rest atop a recent concrete slab foundation. Fenestration on the first story consists of two-over-two, double-hung sash that follow the same dimensions as the front entrance. Windows on the second story consists of six-over-six, double-hung windows. Due to glare from the storm sash the surveyor could not determine if they are original to the building. The OHI form, which was completed in 1980, notes that the upper windows were six-over-six at that time. The two-over-two, double-hung windows on the sides of the house appear to be original. There is a recent addition at the rear of the building but it is not readily visible from the street. The house has been converted to commercial use.

Available county histories provide no indication that the building was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the building was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B.

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The building at 8862 Cincinnati Dayton Road provides a good example of an Italianate style I House, but it has been altered with a large, recent rear addition at the rear of the building, as well as the construction of a large, wraparound asphalt parking lot. The alterations, including the conversion to commercial use, have marred a number of important aspects of integrity, including design, setting, feeling and association. It’s adaptive reuse as a salon, and the extensive parking lot severely undermine the overall historical integrity of this resource. Due to the loss of integrity, Gray & Pape recommends the building at 8862 Cincinnati Dayton Road not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. 8882 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-313-14)

The resource is a ca. 1870, vernacular, two-story, front-gabled, commercial/residential building (Plate A34). The roof is covered with asphalt shingles. The pediment on the main façade is covered with replacement wood shingles and features a modern fanlight just under the center of the gable. The two-bay second story is covered with exposed clapboard. The first story, which includes a storefront, features sets of two-over-two windows on either side of a recessed entrance. A shed roof covers the width of the storefront, which has largely been remodeled. Fenestration on the second story consists of nine-over-nine aluminum sash windows. The sides of the building have been covered with aluminum siding. The building rests atop a combination of stone and poured concrete footers. A cinderblock addition extends from the rear of the building. This addition is in turn attached to a small barn or carriage house, which has been converted to a garage or storage shed.

Available county histories provide no indication that the building was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the building was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The building is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by the alteration of the storefront and the application of replacement materials, including aluminum windows and siding. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. West Chester Turnpike Marker, 8685 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-318-14)

The object is a ca. 1830 limestone mile marker measuring approximately 2.5-feet tall and 10-inches square (Plate A58). The object sits in front of the two-story frame building at 8685 Cincinnati Dayton Road, described in detail below. The mile marker has carvings that read “D

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33” and “C 17” indicating its distance in miles from this location to the cities of Dayton and Cincinnati.

The Cincinnati Dayton Road has historically been a significant artery between Cincinnati and Dayton. Mile markers were once a common indicator of a traveler’s location relative to their destination. Mile markers such as that at 8685 Cincinnati Dayton Road are now exceedingly rare. As a significant vestige of Butler County’s transportation history, Gray & Pape recommends the mile marker eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the mile marker was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the marker as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The mile marker is not particularly significant for its design or construction. It is a merely a block of limestone with the mile indicators inscribed on one side. Lacking significance for its design and construction, Gray & Pape recommends the mile marker at as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as eligible for inclusion in the NRHP only under Criterion A. Proposed National Register boundaries are located in Appendix C. Anderson Residence/Phillips House, 8809 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-361-14)

This building is a ca. 1836, New England One and a Half (Plate A47). This is one of two houses of the type in the area, with the Zadok Turner House comprising the other example (Plates A11 and A12). The main façade is divided into five bays with square, Doric engaged columns on either side of the central entryway. The building may have originally featured Greek Revival style elements; however, the application of vinyl siding and appliqué shutters has largely covered the original features of the building’s exterior. First story windows consist of six-over-six, vinyl sash. Windows on the second story consist of narrow, rectangular, three-pane horizontal sash. These half-story windows appear to be original to the house. There is a single, brick interior chimney at the southern, gabled end of the house. There is a large, modern addition at the rear of the building. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the Anderson Residence/Phillips House as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the Anderson Residence/Phillips House as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The Anderson Residence/Phillips House is an unusual house type for the area; however, the historic integrity of the building has been severely compromised by the application of replacement materials, including vinyl siding and windows. Furthermore, the large modern

24

addition at the rear of the house drastically altered the scale of the building. With the Zadok Turner House providing the better example of the type, Gray & Pape recommends the Anderson Residence/Phillips House as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP.

4.2.2 Newly Identified Resources The Phase I survey identified 43 previously unrecorded resources that are 50 years old of age or older (Table 3). The majority of historical age resources within the area have experienced the typical array of alterations, including additions, replacement siding, windows, and doors, as well as various modern decorative treatments. The preponderance of alterations has disrupted the continuity of the historical feel of the Olde West Chester neighborhood. Although a few of the historical age buildings retain very good integrity, there are too few noteworthy resources within the APE to comprise a historic district. The individual resources are discussed in further detail in Section 4.2.3.

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Table 3. Newly Identified Resources in the APE

OHI # Name Address Date of Construction Style & Type Current

Condition NR Status

N/A St. John the

Evangelist Church Rectory

9080 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. 1840 Greek Revival/Rectory Good Not eligible

N/A St. John the

Evangelist Church, Favret Hall

9080 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. 1961 Mid-Century Modern/Church Good Not eligible

N/A N/A 9059 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1920 Vernacular/Residential Good Not eligible

N/A N/A 9035 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1850 Vernacular/Hall and

Parlor/Residential Good Not eligible

N/A N/A 9031 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1900 Vernacular/Gable-T/

Residential Fair Not eligible

N/A N/A 9023 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1880 Vernacular/Saddle Bag/Residential Fair Not eligible

N/A N/A 9007 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1900 Vernacular/Gable-T/

Residential Fair Not eligible

N/A N/A 9003 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1890 Vernacular/Front Gable/Residential Good Not eligible

N/A N/A 9001 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1880 Vernacular/Side Gable/Residential Good Not eligible

N/A N/A 8995 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1890 Vernacular/Cross Gable/Residential Good Not eligible

N/A N/A 8992 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. 1931 Vernacular/Auto Garage Good Not eligible

N/A N/A 8988 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1890 Vernacular/Front Gable/Residential Good Not eligible

N/A N/A 8951 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. 1929 Vernacular/Front Gable

Bungalow/Residential Fair Not eligible

N/A West Chester Presbyterian Church

8930 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. 1880 Vernacular/Church Good Not eligible

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Table 3. Newly Identified Resources in the APE

OHI # Name Address Date of Construction Style & Type Current

Condition NR Status

N/A N/A 8923 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. 1869 Vernacular/Pre-Classic I-

House/Residential Good Not eligible

N/A N/A 8913 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. 1957 Vernacular/Minimal Traditional/

Residential Good Not eligible

N/A N/A 8918 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. 1914 Vernacular/Residential Good Not eligible

N/A N/A 8900 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. 1852 Vernacular/I-House/Side Hall/

Residential Fair Not eligible

N/A N/A 8897 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. 1919 Craftsman/Bungalow/

Residential Good Not eligible

N/A N/A 8893 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. 1879 Vernacular/Residential/

Commercial Good Not eligible

N/A N/A 8884 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. 1955 Vernacular/Minimal

Traditional/Residential Good Not eligible

N/A West Chester Church of Christ

8847 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1845 Vernacular/Front Gable/

Church Good Not eligible

N/A N/A 8825 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1870 Gothic Revival/Side

Gable/Residential Good Not eligible

N/A N/A 8820 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1890 Vernacular/Residential Fair Not eligible

N/A N/A 8819 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1890 Vernacular/Residential Fair Not eligible

N/A N/A 8816 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1950 Cape Cod/Residential Fair Not eligible

N/A N/A 8807 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1900 Vernacular/Cross Gable/Residential Good Not eligible

N/A N/A 8800 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1930 Vernacular/Front Dormer

Bungalow/Residential Fair Not eligible

N/A N/A 8791 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. 1957 Ranch/Side Gable/

Residential Good Not eligible

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Table 3. Newly Identified Resources in the APE

OHI # Name Address Date of Construction Style & Type Current

Condition NR Status

N/A N/A 8786 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1950 Vernacular/Minimal

Traditional/Residential Fair Not eligible

N/A N/A 8778 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. 1960 Vernacular/Front Gable

Bungalow/Residential Good Not eligible

N/A N/A 8794 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1920 Vernacular/Front Gable

Bungalow/Residential Good Not eligible

N/A Union Township Centralized School

8735 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. 1916/1975 Vernacular/School Good Not eligible

N/A N/A 8720 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. 1962 Vernacular/Commercial Good Not eligible

N/A N/A 8700 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1910 Vernacular/Residential Good Not eligible

N/A N/A 8685 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1840 Vernacular/Side Hall/

Residential Good Not eligible

N/A N/A 6700 Cresthaven Ave 1965 Ranch/Cross Gable/

Residential Good Not eligible

N/A N/A 8674 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1890 Vernacular/Side Gable/Residential Good Not eligible

N/A N/A 8671 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. 1936 Cape Cod/Residential Good Not eligible

N/A N/A 8662 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1850 Vernacular/Hall and

Parlor/Residential Good Not eligible

N/A N/A 8661 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. 1956 Ranch/Residential Good Not eligible

N/A N/A 8659 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. 1950 Vernacular/Cross Gable/Residential Poor Not eligible

N/A N/A 8643 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Ca. 1930 Colonial Revival / Federal Revival Good Not eligible

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4.2.3 Resource Descriptions St. John the Evangelist Church Rectory, 9080 Cincinnati Dayton Road

The St. John the Evangelist Church Rectory is located near the northeast corner of Cincinnati Dayton Road and Westchester Road. The Butler County auditor site provides a build date of 1840, with a remodel date of 1979. This Greek Revival style, side-gabled dwelling stands two-stories tall (Plate A5). The façade is divided into five bays with the main entrance located in the center. The roof is covered with asphalt shingles. The cornice has a wide frieze board and gable returns. Square, Doric pilasters are located at the corners of the building. Fenestration consists of six-over-six aluminum sash windows. The front entry features a one-story covered porch that rests atop square, Doric columns and pilasters. The sidelights and a transom surround the perimeter of the door. At least three separate additions extend from the rear of the building. One of the additions at the rear of the building stands two-stories in height and includes a two-story portico; this possibly dates to the 1979 remodel. The entire building, including the additions, has been covered with aluminum siding.

Available county histories provide no indication that the St. John the Evangelist Church Rectory was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Nor do available county histories provide any indication that the St. John the Evangelist Church Rectory was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The St. John the Evangelist Church Rectory is not an exceptional example of Greek Revival style architecture. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been severely compromised by large modern additions, as well as the addition of replacement materials, including aluminum siding and aluminum windows. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the St. John the Evangelist Church Rectory as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP.

St. John the Evangelist Church, Favret Hall, 9080 Cincinnati Dayton Road

The St. John the Evangelist Church, Favret Hall, located immediately north of the rectory, dates to 1961. This Mid-century Modern style building follows a cruciform plan with a tall nave that stands roughly four stories in height (Plate A6). The narthex and transepts stand approximately one story in height. The roof of the nave is slightly curved. The front of the nave features geometric patterns of stained glass that are held in place by an elaborate network of aluminum frames. A large cross adorns the front of the stained glass window. The sides of the nave feature an intermittent series of ribbed steel panels and tall, narrow stained glass windows. The lower portion of the church is clad with blonde brick. The roof over the lower portion of the church is hipped.

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Available county histories provide no indication that the St. John the Evangelist Church, Favret Hall was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories also do not provide any indication that the St. John the Evangelist Church, Favret hall was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The St. John Evangelist Church, Favret Hall retains good historical integrity, but it is not an exceptional example of Mid-century Modern style architecture and therefore does not rise to the level of architectural significance required of the National Register. Mid-century Modern style churches are not uncommon, and better examples can be found elsewhere. Because St. John the Evangelist Church, Favret Hall is not an exceptional or noteworthy example of Mid-century Modern style architecture, Gray & Pape recommends St. John the Evangelist Church, Favret Hall, not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. 9059 Cincinnati Dayton Road

Built ca. 1920, this vernacular, wood frame dwelling follows a square plan and has a hipped roof covered with asphalt shingles (Plate A9). The façade is divided into three bays. The façade features two sets of plate glass windows flanked on either side by one-over-one aluminum sash windows. These windows are located on either side of the door, which is located in the center of the façade. Fenestration on the side façades of the house consists of replacement, one-over-one, aluminum sash windows. All of the windows, and the front door, are covered with large, aluminum awnings. The entire house is covered in replacement aluminum siding. The house has been converted to commercial use.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The house is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by the addition of aluminum windows and siding. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP.

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9035 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a vernacular, one-story Hall and Parlor house type that has been converted to commercial use (Plate A13). The original Hall and Parlor portion of the house possibly dates to the mid-nineteenth century. The wood-frame building has an asphalt shingle roof and retains its original wood clapboard siding and six-over-six double-hung windows. The main entry, located in the center of the façade, features a transom with three panes arranged horizontally. A brick-built wing extends from the rear of the house. The wing possibly dates to the late nineteenth century. The windows in the wing have been replaced with four-over-four aluminum sash. There is a large addition that extends from the north side of the wing. The county assessor site shows a build-date of 2013 for the addition. The historical imagery function on Google Earth confirms this date. The wing can be seen to the left of 9031 Cincinnati Dayton Road (Plate A14). Much larger than the original portion of the house, the new wing drastically altered the scale of the building.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The house at 9035 Cincinnati Dayton Road is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by a large, modern addition that drastically altered the scale of the house. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. 9031 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a ca. 1900, vernacular, T-plan house (Plate A14). A wood frame building, it stands two stories in height and has a standing seam metal roof. The façade is divided into two bays with the main entry located in the north bay. A large, plate glass window with a transom is located to the left of the front entry. This window appears original to the house. The house retains its original two-over-two double-hung windows on the first and second stories. There are a few one-over-one double-hung windows on the rear of the house. A one-story replacement porch with a hipped roof, decorative iron columns, and poured concrete slab extends from the main façade. The exterior walls of the house are covered with replacement asbestos cement siding on the second story and aluminum siding on the first story. The building sits atop a cut limestone foundation.

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Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The house is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by the application of replacement sidings and front porch. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. 9023 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a ca. 1880, vernacular, wood-frame, saddlebag house (Plate A15). The side-gabled roof is covered with asphalt shingles. Typical of the saddlebag plan, a single chimney protrudes from the center of the roof. The façade is divided into four bays with, starting at the south end of the house, windows in the first and third bays and doors in the second and fourth bays. A modern shed-roof porch addition extends the width of the main façade. Covered with tar paper, the porch roof rests atop a series of three, brick columns, which in turn rest atop a concrete slab. Fenestration consists entirely of replacement, one-over-one, aluminum sash windows. Each of the windows is adorned with decorative shutters. A single bay, shed-roof addition extends the length of the rear of the house. The entire building is covered with replacement aluminum siding. A small, front-gabled garden shed is located at the rear of the house.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The house is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by the application of replacement materials, including aluminum windows and siding. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP.

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9007 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a ca. 1900, vernacular, wood-frame, T-plan house (Plate A16). It stands one story in height and its roof is covered with asphalt shingles. The main façade is divided into four bays, with the main entry located toward the north side of the façade. Three one-over-one aluminum sash windows are also located along the main façade. Each of the windows are adorned with decorative shutters. The entire building is covered with replacement aluminum siding.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the property as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The house is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by the application of replacement materials, including aluminum windows and siding. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. 9003 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a ca. 1890, vernacular, front-gabled house (Plates A17-A18). A wood frame building, it stand two stories in height with a standing seam metal roof. The main façade is divided into two bays on the second story and three bays on the first story. The house retains its original, six-over-six, double-hung sash windows on the first and second stories. The main entryway, located in the center of the main façade, is flanked on the right by a one-over-one double-hung wood sash window, and on the left by a plate glass window. A one-story porch extends the width of the main façade and consists of a flat roof set atop four, wooden columns and two pilasters. The columns and pilasters rest atop a wooden deck, which in turn rests atop a cinderblock foundation. The exterior walls of the house are covered with replacement vinyl siding. The house rests atop a cut limestone foundation. The building has been converted to commercial use.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B.

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The house is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by the application of vinyl siding and conversion into commercial use. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP.

9001 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a ca. 1880, vernacular, wood-frame, side-gabled house with the main entry located to the northernmost bay of the main façade (Plate A19). The house is similar to a Side Hallway plan but is divided into four bays on the second story and three bays on the first story. The house has a standing seam, metal roof with a centrally located ventilation cupola that has a pyramidal roof. A one-story porch addition extends the width of the main façade. It is covered by a hipped roof and rests atop a series of four, Doric columns and two Doric pilasters. The columns rest atop a concrete slab, which in turn rests atop a cinderblock foundation. Fenestration consists entirely of replacement, one-over-one, vinyl sash windows. The windows on the main façade are adorned with plastic, decorative shutters. A single bay, one-story shed-roof addition extends the length of the rear of the house. The entire building is covered with replacement vinyl siding.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B.

The house is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by the application of replacement materials, including vinyl windows and siding. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP.

8995 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a ca. 1890, vernacular, cross-gabled commercial building with an attached dwelling (Plate A20). The commercial component of the building consists of a two-story, front-gabled arrangement with a storefront located on the first story. The storefront features a hipped roof awning that extends the width of the storefront. The awning rests atop a pair of steel poles that are imbedded in concrete. The dwelling portion of the building protrudes from the south

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side of the commercial component. The dwelling features one large, two story gable and a smaller, two story gable that face toward the south on the south side of the building. A one story porch wraps around two sides of the main façade of the dwelling portion of the house. The porch is covered by a hipped roof that rests atop a series of four, turned, wooden columns. The porch deck consists of wood planking, which in turn rests stop a concrete foundation. Each of the columns feature scrolled brackets at the intersection of the column and porch roof line.

The building has a standing seam, metal roof and its gables feature a slight flare at the ends. Fenestration consists predominantly of replacement, nine-over-nine, aluminum or vinyl sash windows. There are two plate glass windows on the first story of the dwelling portion of the house, and large plate glass windows on the storefront. Each of the two storefront windows are divided into four panes with heavy, wooden frames. Most of the windows are adorned with decorative shutters. The commercial component of the building features fish scale shingles under the eaves of the gable. Fish scale shingles also adorn the walls of the wrap-around porch on the first story of the dwelling portion of the building. The remainder of the exterior walls are covered with aluminum siding. A one story, hipped roof addition extends along the rear of the dwelling and commercial components of the building.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B.

The house is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by the application of replacement materials, including aluminum or vinyl windows and aluminum siding. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house at 8995 Cincinnati Dayton Road as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP.

8992 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a 1931, vernacular, automotive repair facility (Plate A21). The roof is flat and the main façade features a low parapet with three steps at the sides of the façade. The outer edge of the roof is capped with tiles. The walls consist entirely of rusticated concrete blocks. Fenestration consists of the original multi-light, steel, industrial sash. The main façade is dived into four bays, with a large automobile entrance located toward the south half of the façade and a pedestrian door to the north of the auto entrance. The auto entrance retains its original wooden sash doors. Heavy, limestone lintels accentuate the tops of each of the windows and doors. The building currently houses a bookstore and coffee shop.

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Available county histories provide no indication that the garage was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A.

Available county histories provide no indication that the garage was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B.

The garage retains very good historical integrity. However, it is a vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Gray & Pape recommends the garage at 8992 Cincinnati Dayton Road not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C.

8988 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a ca. 1890, one and-a-half story, vernacular, front-gabled house with a one-story shed roof addition on its south side (Plate A22). The roof is covered with asphalt shingles. Shed-roof wall dormers protrude from the northern and southern sides of the roof. A one story shed-roof addition extends from the southern side of the building. A one-story shed-roof porch extends the width of the main façade. It is covered with asphalt shingles and rests atop steel posts. Fenestration consist of one-over-one double-hung windows. The windows appear to be original to the house. The exterior walls are covered with wood clapboard. The house has been converted to commercial use.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B.

Although the house at 8988 Cincinnati Dayton Road retains good historic integrity, it is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP.

8951 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a 1929, vernacular, front-gabled bungalow house type (Plate A23). It stands one and-a-half stories in height and has a metal shingle roof. The main façade is divided into three bays, with the main entryway located just to the north of the center of the façade. A porch with a hipped roof extends the width of the façade. The porch roof rests atop three, square

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Doric columns. Built of wood, each of the columns sits atop glazed block pedestal, which in turn sit atop a concrete slab. The slab in turn rests atop low, concrete walls. The exterior walls are built of salt-glazed blocks. Fenestration consists of one-over-one double-hung windows. The house appears to retain all of its original materials.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B.

The house retains good historic integrity but bungalows are a common building type in the region. Although the salt-glazed block walls are unique to the area, the bungalow design is otherwise non-descript. As a vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C.

West Chester Presbyterian Church, 8930 Cincinnati Dayton Road

The original portion of this church dates to 1880. Built of brick, the original portion follows a cruciform plan and features a tall steeple in the center of the facade (Plates A24 and A25). The main roof is covered with asphalt shingles while the steeple roof is covered with slate. A series of tall and narrow stained glass windows, with Gothic arches, extend along the southern side of the nave and transept. Presumably, the northern side of the building also featured stained glass windows, but large additions now cover that portion of the building. An associated school building is located to the north of the church. Also built of brick, the school dates to ca.1961. The school and church buildings are now connected to one another by two large additions that stretch across the front and rear halves of buildings. The additions date to ca. 1979. The overall building now follows a large rectangular plan with an open courtyard in the center.

Available county histories provide no indication that the West Chester Presbyterian Church was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A.

Available county histories provide no indication that the West Chester Presbyterian Church was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B.

The West Chester Presbyterian Church building is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by large addition on its north side.

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Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. 8923 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is an 1869, vernacular, Pre-Classic I House with a gabled addition extending from the rear (Plate A26). The house is built of wood and its roof is covered with asphalt shingles. A decorative, wooden saw-tooth pattern hangs from the eaves of the gabled and long sides of the roofline. The main façade is divided into three bays with the main entry located in the center. A one-story, shed-roof porch extends the width of the façade. A spindle railing extends between the columns on either side of the steps leading to the porch. The porch roof rests atop four, slender Doric columns and two Doric pilasters. The porch deck is made of wood and rests atop stone footings. Fenestration consist of six-over-six and four-over-four double-hung windows. The windows all appear original to the house. A large, one and-a-half story gabled addition extends from the rear of the house. The addition possibly dates to the early twentieth century. It includes a pair of shed dormers and a porch with a shed roof. A second, more recent addition extends from the earlier addition. The original portion of the house, and its first addition are covered in wood clapboard. The most recent addition appears to be sided with T1-11.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The house is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by large additions. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP.

8913 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a 1957, Minimal Traditional type house (Plate A27). This wood frame house stands one and-a-half stories tall and follows a basic rectangle plan with a short cross gable on the south bay of the main façade. The cross gable is largely decorative and adds very little additional space to the interior of the house. The roof is covered with asphalt shingles. The gabled ends of the house are covered with aluminum siding. The exterior walls below the gabled ends are clad with stone veneer. The main façade is divided into three bays with the front entrance located in the cross gable near the center of the façade. A front-gabled porch is located on the rear of the southern gabled end of the house. The porch roof rests atop a series

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of four, slender, turned wooden posts. Fenestration consists of six-over-six double-hung windows on the first story and one-over-one double-hung windows in the gabled ends of the building. The windows appear original to the house.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The house is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. 8918 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a 1914, vernacular, two-story house that follows a square plan (Plate A28). Similar to the larger, American Four-Square type house, this building features a pyramidal roof, but it lacks the dormer typically found on Four-Square type houses. The main façade is divided into two bays on the second story and three bays on the first story. A one-story, shed-roof porch extends the width of the main façade. The porch roof is covered with asphalt shingles and rests atop four Doric columns and two Doric pilasters. A low, wooden railing extends between the columns on either side of the steps leading to the front entry. Fenestration consists of one-over-one and casement windows. The windows all appear original to the building. The house retains its original wood clapboard. The house rests atop a concrete foundation. The house has been converted to commercial use.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The house retains good integrity but it is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP.

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8900 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is an 1852, vernacular, I House type with a Side Hall addition attached to its north end (Plate A29). The I House portion of the building is constructed of wood. The Side Hall addition is built of brick. Fenestration for the overall building consists of replacement, six-over-six double-hung vinyl or aluminum windows. On the I House, the windows are arranged in closely-spaced pairs on the second story and the first story the windows are arranged in connected pairs, with two located on either side of the front entry. Fenestration on the Side Hall portion of the building is arranged in a series of three windows on the second story and two on the first story. The first story windows are located to the south of the front entry. All of the windows on the main façade are adorned with decorative shutters. The I House portion of the building is covered with cement asbestos siding. There are one-story, shed-roof additions on the rear of the building. The addition for the I-house is built of wood, while the addition for the Side Hall portion of the building is built of brick.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The house is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by the application of replacement materials, including asbestos cement siding and vinyl or aluminum windows. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. 8897 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a 1919, Craftsman bungalow type (Plates A30 and A31). A wood frame building, it stands one and-a-half stories in height and features a hipped roof with a hipped dormer above the facade covered with asphalt shingles. The cornice is adorned with brackets along the sides of the building and along the front of the porch. The main façade is divided into three bays and features a full-width shed-roof porch. The porch roof rests atop a series of six, square shaped wooden columns with four located along the front of the porch and two at the rear. A wooden railing extends around the perimeter of the porch. Fenestration consists of original, four-over-one double-hung wood sash windows. The exterior walls are clad with clapboard with the sides of the dormer and the porch covered with wood shingles. All of the siding appears original to the building. This house has been converted to commercial use.

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Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The house retains very good integrity but it is a common building type in the area. Furthermore, the Craftsman details are minimal and do not rise to the level of significance that more exemplary examples exhibit. Because the building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. 8893 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is an 1879, vernacular, boarding house and commercial building (Plate A32). Constructed of brick the building stands two stories in height and it follows a gabled-ell configuration. The roof is covered with asphalt shingles. Fenestration consists of original, six-over-six double-hung wood sash windows. The second story includes five, evenly spaced windows along the eastern side of the building, which fronts Cincinnati Dayton Road, and three along the southern side, which fronts Lesourdsville West Chester Road. On the first story there are pedestrian entryways at the northern and southern ends of the east side of the building. The two doors are separated by a pair of original six-over-six double-hung windows. A third six-over-six double-hung window is located to the north of the northern entryway. There are two, six-over-six double-hung windows and one, four-over-nine fixed window on the southern side of the building. A hipped roof porch wraps around the southern and western sides of the building. The porch roof sits atop a series of seven, turned wooden columns.

Available county histories provide no indication that the building was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the building was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The building retains good historic integrity but it is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP.

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8884 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a ca. 1955, cross-gabled, Minimal Traditional house type (Plate A33). A wood frame building, it stands one story in height and features a cross gable that extends along the southern side of the building. The main façade is divided into six bays with the main entryway located in the cross gable near the southern end of the façade. The doorway is arched and it is surmounted by an arched hood. A large, stone exterior chimney is located in the center of the façade. There a variety of replacement, vinyl or aluminum sash windows found throughout the house, including nine-over-nine double-hung windows and large plate glass windows that are designed to look like multi-light sash. The house is covered with asbestos cement siding.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The house is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by application of replacement materials, including vinyl or aluminum windows and replacement siding. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. West Chester Church of Christ, 8847 Cincinnati Dayton Road This building is a vernacular, front-gabled church (Plate A42). The Butler County assessor’s site provides a build date of 1920. The West Chester Historical Society provides a build date of 1845 and states that it is the oldest church building in the township. With no obvious stylistic details, and the application of aluminum siding that covers the foundation, the date of construction remains unclear. The building stands approximately two stories in height, but there is only one floor within the building. A square-shaped steeple sits atop the ridge of the asphalt-shingled roof near the front of the building. Three pairs of tall and narrow one-over-one stained glass windows are located along each of the sides of the building. It is not clear if the windows are fixed or if they are operational. The main façade includes nothing more than a one-story, front-gabled vestibule, which protrudes from the front of the building. A set of double doors provides access to the vestibule and the front of the church. A broken pediment surmounts the door.

Available county histories provide no indication that the church was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A.

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Available county histories provide no indication that the church was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The church is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by the application of aluminum siding. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the church as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. 8825 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a ca. 1870, Gothic Revival style, side-gabled house with a center gable above the main façade (Plate A43). Built of wood, the building stands two stories in height. The roof is covered with asphalt shingles. A steeply pitched, Gothic style gable forms a wall dormer in the center of the façade. Decorative cross bracing is located in the peak of the gable. Each corner of the cornice is accentuated with a turned pendant. The cross gable and its single window comprise the only bay on the second story of the façade. The first story of the façade is divided into three bays. Doorways are located in the south and center bays of the façade. Both doorways are surmounted by transoms. A single window is located in the north bay. A one-story porch extends the width of the façade. The porch roof is flat and rests atop a series of four, slender Doric columns. The columns rest on a concrete slab and stone foundation. Windows consists predominantly of original, two-over-two double-hung sash. There is what appears to be a replacement, one-over-one double-hung window in the cross gable of the façade. There is a one-story, shed-roof addition that extends the length of the rear of the house. The date of the addition is not known, but it does include the same two-over-two double-hung wood sash windows found elsewhere on the house. The house is sided with wood clapboard, which appears to be new and may be replacement siding. However, if it is replacement siding, it is likely consistent with the original clapboard. The house has been converted to commercial use.

Available county histories provide no indication that the building was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the building was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The building retains good historic integrity, but it is not an exceptional example of Gothic Revival style architecture. Gothic examples that rise to the level of National Register eligibility include the William Marshall Anderson House in Circleville, Ohio. Built of brick, the Anderson House features ornate, Gothic arch windows with elaborate arched muntins in the window sash. The central entry is adorned with a highly decorative wooden porch with carved

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brackets, decorative panel work, and elaborate columns. Another good example that defines the type is Oak Hill Cottage in Mansfield, Ohio. The house features three distinctively-Gothic gables atop the façade, each adorned with ornate bargeboards. The window in the central gable peaks in a typical, pointed Gothic arch and features ornate window framing. A full-length porch across the façade is highly decorated with ornate scroll work typical of high-style Gothic homes. A good example of a less ornate Gothic home is Langdon House in Cincinnati, Ohio. The Langdon House exhibits elements of Steamboat Gothic, with board and batten siding, Gothic arch windows in the center of the façade with fine Carpenter Gothic woodwork around the arches. The full-length porch is decorated with simple but well-crafted paneling and carved columns. The entryway and windows feature distinct arched surrounds. The house is at once simple but exudes a distinct sense of Gothic Revival architecture.

When comparing the various Gothic elements found on these National Register properties, we find that they each exhibit an overall feeling of Gothic architecture. They are excellent examples of the type. They demonstrate what it is to be Gothic. The only Gothic feature found on the house at 8825 Cincinnati Dayton Road is the steeply-pitched gable in the center of the façade. The minor bargeboards and the small pendants do not imbue the house with a distinct sense of Gothic architecture, only a hint of the style. The fenestration is simply rectangular and ordinary. None of the windows feature the pointed arches typical of more robust examples of the type. The simple frieze and Doric columns that comprise the porch are not distinctly Gothic in any way. They are vernacular. The house, therefore, does not embody the distinctive characteristics of Gothic architecture, nor is it distinctive of a specific period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP.

8820 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a ca. 1890, vernacular, two story house (Plate A44). It is comprised of wood framing and it follows a gabled-ell configuration. The roof is covered with what appears to be metal shingles or possibly horizontal strips of overlapping metal sheeting. The main façade is divided into two bays. The window and front entry arrangement is unusual and perhaps not original to the building. A pair of one-over-one replacement windows on the second story are closely spaced and located slightly off center. On the first story, an entryway is located southernmost bay of the main façade. A large, nine-light replacement window is located in the center of the façade. A one-story, shed-roof porch extends the width of the façade. Its roof is covered with asphalt shingles and the porch roof rests atop a series of four, square, wooden columns. The columns rest on a concrete slab. The porch entrance is also located off center, which suggests that the entryway into the house may have originally been located toward the north side of the façade. All of the windows in the house have been replaced with one-over-one vinyl or aluminum sash, and the exterior walls have been covered with vinyl siding.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A.

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Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The house is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by the application of replacement materials, including vinyl siding and vinyl or aluminum windows. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. 8819 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a ca. 1890, vernacular, T-plan house (Plate A45). A wood frame building, it stands two stories in height. The roof is covered with asphalt shingles. There is decorative bracing under the eaves of the gable on the main façade. A wrap-around, shed-roof porch extends around the southeast and south sides of the building. The porch roof rests atop slender, square wooden columns. The porch deck consists of wood planking set atop wooden footings. The front entryway is located in the ell at the south side of the house. Fenestration consists of original, one-over-one double-hung windows. Each exterior wall of the building has two windows with one window located directly atop the other. The house is covered with asbestos cement siding.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The house is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by the application of cement asbestos siding. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. 8816 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a ca. 1950, one and-a-half story, Cape Cod type (Plate A46). The roof is covered with asphalt shingles and there are two, gabled roof dormers on the main façade. The front entrance is located in the center of the façade and is flanked by six-over-six vinyl or aluminum sash windows. The building is covered with vinyl siding.

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Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The house is an undistinguished example of a Cape Cod type building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by the application of replacement materials, including vinyl siding and windows. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. 8807 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a ca. 1900, vernacular, one and-a-half story cross-gabled house (Plate A48). The original footprint of the wood frame building was likely a smaller, front or side gabled building, and then was later expanded to include a ca. 1950 or ca. 1960, Ranch type addition. The roof is covered with asphalt shingles. The main façade is divided into four bays with a two-bay, recessed porch. The front entrance is located in the north bay of the façade. Fenestration is varied, with six-over-six vinyl or aluminum sash and a number of large, plate glass windows with vinyl or aluminum snap-in frames or dividers. The house is covered with horizontal, wood siding.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The house is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by a large addition on the north side of the house and the application of replacement window sash. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP.

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8800 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a ca. 1930, wood-frame, front dormer bungalow (Plate A49). The roof is hipped and covered with asphalt shingles and features a single, hipped dormer in the center of the main façade. A recessed porch extends across the north half of the façade. The south side of the façade consists of an enclosed addition with a large plate glass window flanked by sliding panes. The front entrance is located in the side of the addition. Replacement aluminum sash windows are located on the sides of the house. The exterior walls are covered with replacement aluminum siding.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The house is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by the alteration of the façade and the application of replacement materials, including aluminum siding and windows. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. 8791 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a 1957, one-story, Ranch house type that has been converted into a funeral home (Plate A50). The wood framed building follows a long rectangular side-gabled plan. The roof is covered with asphalt shingles. The main façade is divided into five bays, including two entryways. The entrance in the northernmost bay appears to be part of a later addition. A large, plate glass bay window is located on the north half of the façade. A pair of smaller plate glass windows are located on the south half of the façade.

Available county histories provide no indication that the building was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the building was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The building is an example of a common house type that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by the north addition and its change of use. Consequently, Gray & Pape

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recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. 8786 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a ca. 1950, wood-frame, Minimal Traditional house type with a cross gable on the main facade (Plate A51). The building stands one and-half stories in height. The roof is covered with asphalt shingles. The main façade is divided into three bays with the front entrance centrally located. A second entrance is located on the northwest corner of the north side. Fenestration consists of six-over-six and eight-over-eight aluminum sash windows. The house is covered with aluminum siding and has been converted to commercial use.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The house is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by the application of replacement materials, including aluminum siding and windows. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. 8778 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a ca. 1960, one and-a-half story, front-gabled bungalow house type (Plate A52). The wood framed building has a roof covered with asphalt shingles. The main façade is divided into three bays with the front entrance located directly in the center. A full-width porch with a hipped roof extends across the façade. The porch roof rests atop a pair of brick piers and a brick balustrade extends around its perimeter. Fenestration consists of one-over-one double-hung aluminum windows. A pair of casement windows is located in under the eave of the half story. The building is covered with vinyl siding.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B.

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The house is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by the application of replacement materials, including vinyl siding and aluminum windows. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. 8794 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a ca. 1920, front-gabled bungalow house type (Plate A53). The building is clad with brick and stands one and-a-half stories in height. The roof is covered with asphalt shingles. The main façade is divided into three bays with the front entrance located in the center. Windows are located on either side of the front door. A porch with a hipped roof extends across the façade. Its roof is supported by a pair of brick columns. A low, brick balustrade extends around its perimeter. Fenestration consists of one-over-one double-hung wood sash windows, which appear to be original to the house. A pair of one-over-one double-hung windows are located in the center of the gable at the half story of the façade.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The house retains good integrity, but it is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. Union Township Centralized School, 8735 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a 1916, vernacular school building with additions dating from 1952, 1960, and 1975 (Plate A54). The brick building stands two and-a-half stories in height with a flat roof. The original, 1916 portion of the building appears to have been divided into three bays, with sets of ribbon windows located on either side of the main entrance. There are subtle stylistic details in the original façade, including brick panels and limestone trim around the center windows. Later additions, which extend from the north and south ends of the original section of the building, feature a series of anodized aluminum frame windows. Each of these windows is divided into sets of two tall panes, with each tall pane resting atop a smaller, hopper or awning window. Stylistic details on the additions are limited to a brick soldier course atop the third floor windows. The school is currently vacant and the Boys & Girls Club of West

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Chester/Liberty Township is currently proposing to demolish the building in June 2015 to construct a new facility on the parcel (Schwartzberg 2015).

Available county histories provide no indication that the school building was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the school building was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The school building is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by large additions. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the school building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. 8720 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a 1962, vernacular commercial building (Plate A56). The brick building stands one story in height with a flat roof. The building is utilitarian in design and features no architectural stylistic details. The main façade (south) consists of a single bay with the front entrance located in the center. The entrance is flanked with anodized aluminum windows which are attached to the sides of the door. A large window with three, anodized aluminum dividers is located on the west side of the building, which faces toward Cincinnati Dayton Road.

Available county histories provide no indication that the building was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the building was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. While the historic integrity of the building remains intact, it is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP.

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8700 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a ca. 1910, vernacular hipped roof house with a cross gable on the main façade (Plate A57). The brick building stands one and-a-half stories in height. The roof is covered with asphalt shingles. The main façade is divided into two bays with a cross gable on the north half of the façade and the front entrance south half. The entrance is flanked by pairs of narrow, double-hung wood sash windows. A hipped roof dormer is located in the center of the north side of the house. Fenestration consists of six-over-one double-hung wood sash windows, which appear to be original to the building. There is a brick addition at the rear of the house. The year of the addition is unknown, but it may date to the 1950s or 1960s. A limestone school sign is located on the ground in front of the building that reads, “Port Union Special District School House.” It does not appear that this sign actually belongs to this building. According to the website, Old Ohio Schools, the Port Union Special District School House was demolished in 1965 (http://www.oldohioschools.com/butler_county.htm). The sign may have been procured when the school house was demolished.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. Although the house retains most of its historic integrity, it is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP.

8685 Cincinnati Dayton Road

The date of construction for this building remains uncertain. The county auditor puts it at 1840, but the building sits on a poured concrete foundation. It appears to be a vernacular, Side-Hall entry type house with a modern addition on its south gabled end (Plate A59). This wood framed building stands two stories in height with a side-gabled roof covered with asphalt shingles. The original main façade is divided into three bays with the door located in the northernmost bay. The doorway features a replacement door and sidelights. A two-story, two-bay addition is located to the south side of the house. The addition is slightly lower in height than the original part of the house. It is not known when the addition was built, but the wide, modern chimney on the side, and the cinderblock foundation, indicates that it likely occurred in the post-war era. Fenestration throughout the house consists of replacement six-over-six and nine-over-nine, double-hung aluminum sash windows. The exterior walls are covered with aluminum siding. Two, one-story, shed-roof additions are located along the rear of the house. The original part of the house and the rear additions rest on a poured concrete foundation. If the house dates to

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the nineteenth century then at some point the house was jacked up and its stone foundation replaced. It is also possible that the original portion of the house dates to the twentieth century. The lack of stylistic features, and the application of aluminum siding make it difficult to determine a period of construction.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house at was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B.

While similar examples of this house are reported to have been found eligible, the historic integrity of this building has been greatly compromised. It is not known when the front addition was built, but it appears to be a relatively modern addition. It would have greatly changed the look of the original house by nearly doubling the width of the façade. There are also two, smaller shed-roof additions on the rear of the house, which may be of recent construction. The rear additions are clearly visible from the side street, as this house sits on a corner lot. Beyond the alterations by numerous additions, the house is now covered in aluminum siding, which also envelops the overall conglomeration of additions. The aluminum siding has significantly undermined the original look and feel of the house by covering the original materials. The replacement windows feature snap-in grids as opposed to real muntins, like those of the originals, thereby altering the look and feel of the original fenestration. The application of plastic, decorative shutters further undermines the look and feel of the building, as does the replacement door and sidelights in the main entryway. While Side-Hall houses have been found to be eligible in the past, they likely provided better examples of the type. Due to the significant lack of integrity, this house no longer embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction. Nor does it represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP.

6700 Cresthaven Avenue

This building is a 1965 Ranch type house (Plate A60). There are cross gables at each end of the house and a recessed porch located between the gables. The roof is covered with asphalt shingles. The walls are clad with brick. The main façade is divided into five bays with the main entrance located toward the north side of the façade. A decorative, wrought iron railing is located along the edge of the porch. An attached, two-car garage is located below the south gabled end of the house. Fenestration consists of six-over-six and eight-over-eight, aluminum or vinyl replacement sash windows. An original plate glass window is located on the side of the house.

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Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The house is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by the replacement of the windows. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. 8674 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a ca. 1890, vernacular house (Plate A61). The wood framed building stands two-stories in height and has a side-gabled roof covered with asphalt shingles. The main façade is divided into three bays with the main entrance located in the center. A one-story porch with a hipped roof extends the width of the façade. The porch roof rests atop four wooden columns and two pilasters. Fenestration consists largely of one-over-one aluminum or vinyl windows. The first story of the north side of the house includes a pair of large plate glass windows with snap-in dividers. The exterior walls are covered with vinyl siding.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The house is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by the application of replacement materials, including vinyl siding and windows. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. 8671 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a 1936, Cape Cod type house (Plate A62). The wood frame building stands one and-a-half stories in height. The side-gabled roof is covered with asphalt shingles. There is a pair of gabled roof dormers over the main façade. The façade is divided into three bays

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with the front entrance located in the center. Fenestration consists of one-over-one vinyl or aluminum windows. The exterior walls are covered with vinyl siding. There is a single car garage to the north of the house. This front-gabled building was original detached from the house but has since been connected to the house via a breezeway addition.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The house is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by the application of replacement materials, including vinyl siding and windows. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. 8662 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a ca. 1850, vernacular, Hall and Parlor type house with a modern addition at its south gable end (Plate A63). The wood frame building, stands one story in height. The roof is covered with asphalt shingles. The main façade is divided into four bays with the door centrally located within the Hall and Parlor portion of the house. The addition to the south side of the façade features a recessed porch and a pair of one-over-one vinyl or aluminum sash windows. The exterior walls are covered with vinyl siding. A lean-to addition is located along the length of the rear of the house.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The house is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by the application of replacement materials, including vinyl siding and windows. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP.

54

8661 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a 1956, one-story Ranch type house (Plate A64). The roof is hipped and covered with asphalt shingles. The main façade is divided into five bays with the front entry located within the recessed porch toward the south side of the façade. A wide exterior chimney is located toward the north side of the façade. The exterior walls are clad with brick and Permastone. Fenestration consists of one-over-one, double-hung wood sash windows, which appear to be original to the house.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The house retains historic integrity, but it is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. 8659 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building is a 1950, vernacular, cross-gabled house (Plate A65). The roof is covered with asphalt shingles. There are two gabled dormers on the main facade. One of the dormers is located within ell of the cross gable and the second dormer is located above the recessed porch that comprises the south half of the façade. Two additional gabled dormers are located above the north side of the house. The cross gable comprises the north side of the façade. The façade is divided into four bays with the front entry located in the southernmost bay. Fenestration consists of six-over-six double-hung wood sash windows, which appear to be original to the house. The exterior walls are clad with brick and stone veneer. The upper half of the cross gable is covered with aluminum siding.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A. Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B. The house is an undistinguished, vernacular building that does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master,

55

or possess high artistic values. Furthermore, the historic integrity of the building has been compromised by the application of aluminum siding on cross gable and dormers. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape therefore recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP.

8643 Cincinnati Dayton Road

This building appears to be a mid-1930s Colonial Revival or possibly Federal Revival house (Plate 66). It does not exhibit enough elements of one specific style to firmly plant it in one category. It is built of brick and stands one and a half stories in height. The roof appears to be covered with slate shingles. However, they are so thoroughly covered with moss and grime that it is difficult to determine for certain. Fenestration consists of multi-light, steel casement windows. They are typical of those found on some revival type houses of the 1930s. All of the widow openings feature projected brick sills. Most of the windows include decorative shutters. The projected sills prevent the shutters from actually functioning. The original portion of the façade is divided into four bays with a recessed entryway located left of center. A large, ca. 1960s or 1970s addition extends from the right side of the original façade, adding and additional three bays with a door located between two windows. The cornice of the original portion of the façade features a Classical style frieze board with small dentils. The entryway is adorned with engaged columns and an entablature with simple frieze. A wing extends from the rear of the house (Plate 67). It appears to be original to the house. It features a continuation of the frieze board found on the façade. A pair of gabled dormers rest atop the roof. The wing rests atop what appears to have been a garage or possibly just a basement. The building sits on a concrete foundation, which provides the best indication that the house dates to the twentieth century.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. As a result, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion A.

Available county histories provide no indication that the house was associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the building as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion B.

The integrity of the original portion of the house appears good. However, the addition of a large and unsympathetic addition to one side of the façade undermines the overall integrity of the building. Furthermore, it is not an exceptional example of any specific style of house. It does not feature some of the more distinctive elements found on the finer examples of Colonial Revival or Federal Revival homes of the period. It therefore does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values. Consequently, Gray & Pape recommends the house as not eligible for the National Register under Criterion C. Gray & Pape recommends the resource as not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP.

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5.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS The Phase I History/Architecture survey identified fourteen previously recorded OHI resources within the study area, ten of which remain extant. The survey also identified 43 previously unrecorded resources. No existing NRHP or NHL properties were identified within the project APE. As discussed in detail above, two previously recorded resources are recommended eligible for inclusion in the NRHP: the Zadok Turner House (BUT-314-14) and the West Chester Turnpike Marker (BUT-318-14). While Olde West Chester has a number of previously documented resources, nearly all of those resources have been compromised by additions and the application of new materials. The majority of the remainder of the buildings within the APE have experienced similar alterations in recent years. At the time of the first survey, which was performed in 1980, the surveyor identified a number of resources that might comprise a historic district. However, due to the overall loss of integrity since that time, and the current identification of only two eligible resources, the concentration of resources no longer rises to the level of significance for a NRHP historic district. No further History/Architecture work is recommended for this project.

Table 4. Resources Recommended Eligible for Inclusion in the NRHP

OHI # Name Address NRHP Recommendation

BUT-314-14 Zadok Turner House 9039 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Eligible

BUT-318-14 West Chester Turnpike Marker 8685 Cincinnati Dayton Rd. Eligible

57

6.0 REFERENCES CITED Gordon, Steve 1980a BUT-0318-14 – Westchester Turnpike Marker. Held by the Ohio Historic

Preservation Office, Columbus, Ohio. 1980b BUT -0361-14 – Anderson Residence, Phillips House. Held by the Ohio Historic

Preservation Office, Columbus, Ohio. 1980c BUT -0319-14 – House, 8857 Cincinnati Dayton Road. Held by the Ohio Historic

Preservation Office, Columbus, Ohio. 1980d BUT -0315-14 – Joshua Stephenson House. Held by the Ohio Historic Preservation

Office, Columbus, Ohio. 1980e BUT -0321-14 – K&H Grocery, Van Hise’s Grocery, Ihle’s Grocery. Held by the

Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Columbus, Ohio. 1980f BUT -0322-14 – Memory Lane Antiques, Elias Simpson Township Hall. Held by

the Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Columbus, Ohio. 1980g BUT -0312-14 – Whitlock Building. Held by the Ohio Historic Preservation Office,

Columbus, Ohio. 1980h BUT -0313-14 – House, 8882 Cincinnati Dayton Road. Held by the Ohio Historic

Preservation Office, Columbus, Ohio. 1980i BUT -0314-14 – Zadok Turner House, “Blue Shutters”. Held by the Ohio Historic

Preservation Office, Columbus, Ohio. 1980j BUT -0316-14 – Tri-County Tavern, Gard’s Tavern, Wharton’s Store. Held by the

Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Columbus, Ohio. 1980k BUT -0319-14 – House, 8857 Cincinnati Dayton Road. Held by the Ohio Historic

Preservation Office, Columbus, Ohio. 1980l BUT -0323-14 – House, 8996 Cincinnati Dayton Road. Held by the Ohio Historic

Preservation Office, Columbus, Ohio. McBride, James

1983 McBride’s Map of 1836 Combined with Atlases of 1875 and 1895, Whippoorwill Publications, Evansville, Indiana.

58

Mitchell, Fred 1980a BUT-0288-14 – House, 8600 Cincinnati Dayton Road. Held by the Ohio Historic

Preservation Office, Columbus, Ohio. 1980b BUT-0320-14 – House, 8869 Cincinnati Dayton Road. Held by the Ohio Historic

Preservation Office, Columbus, Ohio. Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT-OES)

2004 Cultural Resources Manual. Ohio Department of Transportation – Office of Environmental Services, Columbus, Ohio. Schwartzberg, Eric 2014 “Boys & Girls Club plan $6.5M building to replace school.” Journal-News. 8 April

2015. Shewalter, Virginia

1979 A History of Union Township, Butler County, Ohio, Instant Print Services, Sharonville, Ohio. Turner, Aaron 2014 “Butler County Schools,” Old Ohio Schools, http://www.oldohioschools.com/butler_county.htm, accessed February 2015. United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service 1995 National Register Bulletin 15: How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation. National Park Service, Washington, D.C. Western Biographical Publishing Company

1882 A History and Biographical Cyclopedia of Butler County, Ohio, Western Biographical Publishing Company, Cincinnati, Ohio. Whippoorwill Publishing

1989 The County of Butler, Ohio: McBride’s Map of 1836, Combined with the Atlases of 1875 and 1895, Whippoorwill Publishing, Evansville, Indiana.

APPENDIX A

Photo Key and Plates

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BUT-318-14

A67

A65

A68

A66

A62 A64

A63

A61

A60 A59A58

A57

A56

A55

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Cresthaven Ave

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A56

A55

A54

A53

A52

A49A48

A47A45

A46

A44

A42

A43

A37

A34

A40

A41

A39

A38

A36A35

BUT-361-14

BUT-319-14

BUT-312-14

BUT-315-14

BUT-321-14

BUT-322-14

BUT-320-14

A50

A51

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BUT-313-14

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NOTEROTATEDNORTH

Station Rd

Seminary St

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A9 A8A7

A6A5

A4

A3

A2

A1

A38

A37

A34

A27

A36A35

A33

A32A31

A29A30A28

A26A25

A24

A23A22 A21

A20 A19

A18

A17 A16 A15 A14 A13 A12

A11 A10

BUT-323-14

BUT-312-14

BUT-321-14

BUT-322-14

BUT-314-14BUT-316-14

BUT-313-14

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West Chester Rd

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Plate A2. Intersection of Cincinnati Dayton Road and West Chester Road, facing east.

Plate A1. Intersection of Cincinnati Dayton Road and West Chester Road, facing south.

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Plate A4. Intersection of Cincinnati Dayton Road and West Chester Road, facing west.

Plate A3. Intersection of Cincinnati Dayton Road and West Chester Road, facing north.

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Plate A6. St. John the Evangelist Church, Favret Hall, facing northeast.

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Plate A5. St. John Church rectory at 9080 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing east.

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Plate A7. Former Gard's Tavern at 9069 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-316-14), facing north.

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Plate A8. Former Gard's Tavern at 9069 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-316-14), facing south.

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Plate A10. Converted houses and residences along the west side of Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northwest.

Plate A9. Converted house at 9059 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northwest.

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Plate A12. Zadock Turner house at 9039 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-314-14), facing southwest.

Plate A11. Converted houses at 9039 and 9035 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing west.

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Plate A13. Converted house at 9035 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northwest.

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Plate A16. House at 9007 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southwest.

Plate A15. House at 9023 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southwest.

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Plate A18. Converted houses along west side of Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southwest.

Plate A17. Converted houses and residences at 9003, 9001, and 8995 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northwest.

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Plate A20. Residence and gallery at 8995 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northwest.

Plate A19. House at 9001 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northwest.

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Plate A22. Converted house at 8988 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing east.

Plate A21. Converted garage building at 8992 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southeast.

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Plate A24. West Chester Presbyterian Church at 8930 Cincinnati Dayton Road,facing northeast.

Plate A23. House at 8951 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northwest.

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Plate A26. House at 8923 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing north.

Plate A25. West Chester Presbyterian Church 8930 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing south.

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Plate A28. House at 8918 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southwest.

Plate A27. Converted house at 8913 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northeast.

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Plate A30. House at 8897 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing north.

Plate A29. Converted house at 8900 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northeast.

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Plate A32. Commercial building at 8893 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing north.

Plate A31. Intersection of Cincinnati Dayton Road and Lesourdsville West Chester Road, facing west.

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Plate A34. Commercial building at 8882 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-313-14), facing northeast.

Plate A33. House at 8884 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northeast.

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Plate A36. Converted house at 8875 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-320-14), facing north.

Plate A35. Whitlock Building at 8880 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-312-14), facing south.

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Plate A38. Van Hise's Grocery/Ihle's Grocery at 8870 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-321-14), facing southwest.

Plate A37. Elias Simpson Township Hall at 8872 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-322-14), facing northeast.

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Plate A40. Cincinnati Dayton Road north of Seminary Street, facing northeast.

Plate A39. Joshua Stephenson House at 8862 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-315-14), facing east.

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Plate A42. West Chester Church of Christ at 8847 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southwest.

Plate A41. Cincinnati Dayton Road at Seminary Street, facing southwest.

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Plate A44. House at 8820 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southeast.

Plate A43. Converted house at 8825 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southwest.

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Plate A46. House at 8816 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southeast.

Plate A45. House at 8819 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southwest.

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Plate A48. House at 8807 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southwest.

Plate A47. Anderson Residence/Phillips House at 8809 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-361-14), facing southwest.

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Plate A50. Funeral home at 8791 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northwest.

Plate A49. House at 8800 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southeast.

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Plate A52. House at 8778 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southeast.

Plate A51. House at 8786 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southeast.

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Plate A54. Union Township Centralized School at 8735 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southwest.

Plate A53. House at 8794 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southeast.

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Plate A56. Commercial building at 8720 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing east.

Plate A55. Streetscape from 8735 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southwest.

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Plate A58. West Chester Turnpike Marker at 8685 Cincinnati Dayton Road (BUT-318-14), facing northwest.

Plate A57. Port Union Special District School House at 8700 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southeast.

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Plate A60. House at 6700 Cresthaven Avenue, facing northwest.

Plate A59. House at 8685 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southwest.

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Plate A62. House at 8671 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northwest.

Plate A61. House at 8674 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southeast.

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Plate A64. House at 8661 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southwest.

Plate A63. House at 8662 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southeast.

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Plate A66. House at 8643 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing southwest.

Plate A65. House at 8659 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northwest.

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Plate A68. Streetscape from 8567 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing northeast.

Plate A67. House at 8643 Cincinnati Dayton Road, facing east.

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APPENDIX B

Preliminary Construction Limits

" )

FG

OGS 15817

BUT-318-14

I 75 S

I 75 N

Cincinnati Dayton Rd

Exit 21

Station Rd

Apple Blossom Ln

Cres

thav

en A

ve

Walnut St

Semina

ry St

Leso

urds

ville

Wes

t Che

ster R

d

Cre

ated

in A

rcG

IS 1

0.3.

1 fo

r Gra

y &

Pape

Pro

ject

14-

1140

1.00

1

Preliminary Construction Limits

BUT-CR19-2.34

Figure B1GRAY PAPE, INC.ARCHAEOLOGY - HISTORY - HISTORIC PRESERVATION

&LEGEND

µ6/25

/201

5 M

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ects

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its_A

ppnd

x_B.

mxd

0 300 600Feet

0 100 200Meters

FG Cemetery

") OHI Property - Extant

Construction Limits

NOTEROTATEDNORTH

Match to Figure B2

")BUT-314-14

Cre

ated

in A

rcG

IS 1

0.3.

1 fo

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Preliminary Construction Limits

BUT-CR19-1.89

Figure B2GRAY PAPE, INC.ARCHAEOLOGY - HISTORY - HISTORIC PRESERVATION

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opy.

mxd

0 75 150Feet

0 25 50Meters

") OHI Property - Extant

Construction Limits

NOTEROTATEDNORTH

Station Rd

West Chester Rd

APPENDIX C

Proposed National Register Boundaries

Proposed National Register Boundaries for the Zadok Turner House (BUT-314-14)

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National Register Boundary

N

Figure C1

Preliminary Construction Limits

Figure C2

Proposed National Register Boundaries for the Westchester Turnpike Marker (BUT-318-14)

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.G R AY PA P E , I N C.&ARCHAEOLOGY HISTORY HISTORIC PRESERVATION

National Register Boundary

N

Preliminary Construction Limits

APPENDIX D

Ohio Historic Inventory Forms

APPENDIX E

ODOT History/Architecture Phase I Resource Table

Photo

Reference

Number Address/Street Name Common Name (if known)

OHI or Bridge

Structure File

Number

Date

Inventoried

Date(s) of

Construction/

Alteration Style & Type of Building/Structure

Material (exterior,

foundation, roof, etc.)

National Register

Eligible

(Y/N/Unknown/U

ndetermined)

Applicable

NR Criteria

Applicable Aspects of

Integrity

Recommendation

(No further work,

Phase II, avoidance)

A5

9080 Cincinnati Dayton

Road

St. John the Evangelcal

Church Rectory N/A N/A ca. 1840 Greek Revival Wood-frame N N/A Location No further work

A6

9080 Cincinnati Dayton

Road

St. John the Evangelcal

Church N/A N/A 1961 Mid-Century Modern Brick/steel N N/A

Location, design, setting,

materials, workmanship,

feeling, association No further work

A7-A8

9069 Cincinnati Dayton

Road

Tri-County Tavern

(Gard's Tavern) BUT-316-14 1980 ca. 1835 Vernacular/Commercial Brick N N/A Location No further work

A9

9059 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A ca. 1920 Vernacular Wood-frame N N/A Location, design No further work

A11-A12

9039 Cincinnati Dayton

Road

Zadok Turner House

(Blue Shutters) BUT-314-14 1980 ca. 1848

Greek Revival/New England One

and a Half Brick Y C

Location, design, materials,

workmanship No further work

A13

9035 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A ca. 1850 Vernacular/Hall and Parlor Wood-frame and brick N N/A Location, materials No further work

A14

9031 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A ca. 1900 Vernacular/Gable-T Wood-frame N N/A Location, design No further work

A15

9023 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A ca. 1880 Vernacular/Saddle bag Wood-frame N N/A Location No further work

A16

9007 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A Ca. 1900 Vernacular/Gable-T Wood-frame N N/A Location No further work

A17-A18

9003 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A ca. 1890 Vernacular/Front-gable Wood-frame N N/A Location, materials No further work

A19

9001 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A ca. 1880 Vernacular/Side-gable Wood-frame N N/A Location, design No further work

A20

8995 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A ca. 1890 Vernacular/Cross-gable Wood-frame N N/A Location, design No further work

A21

8992 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A 1931 Vernacular Concrete block N N/A

Location, design, feeling,

materials, workmanship No further work

A22

8988 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A ca. 1890 Vernacular/Front-gable Wood-frame N N/A Location, design, materials No further work

A23

8951 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A 1929 Vernacular/Front-gable/Bungalow Salt-glazed brick N N/A

Location, design,

workmanship, feeling No further work

A24-A25

8930 Cincinnati Dayton

Road

West Chester Presbyterian

Church N/A N/A 1880 Vernacular Brick N N/A Location, association No further work

A26

8923 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A 1869 Vernacular/Pre Classic I-house Wood-frame N N/A Location, materials No further work

A27

8913 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A 1957 Vernacular/Minimal Traditional Wood-frame N N/A Location, materials, design No further work

A28

8918 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A 1914 Vernacular Wood-frame N N/A

Location, design, materials,

workmanship No further work

A29

8900 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A 1852 Vernacular/I-house/Side hall Wood-frame N N/A Location No further work

A30-A31

8897 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A 1919 Craftsman/Bungalow Wood-frame N N/A

Location, materials,

workmanship, design No further work

A32

8893 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A 1879

Vernacular/Boarding

house/Commercial Brick N N/A

Location, design, materials,

workmanship No further work

A33

8884 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A ca. 1955 Vernacular/Minimal Traditional Wood-frame N N/A Location, design No further work

A34

8882 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A BUT-313-14 1980 ca. 1870

Vernacular/Front-

gable/Commercial

Wood-frame/concrete

block N N/A Location, design No further work

A35

8880 Cincinnati Dayton

Road Whitlock Building BUT-312-14 1980 ca. 1843/1852 Vernacular Wood-frame N N/A Location No further work

A36

8875 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A BUT-320-14 1980 ca. 1880 Vernacular/Gable-T Wood-frame N N/A Location, design No further work

A37

8872 Cincinnati Dayton

Road

Memory Lane

Antiques/Elias Simpson

Township Hall BUT-322-14 1980 ca. 1865 Vernacular/Front-gable Wood-frame N N/A Location No further work

A38

8870 Cincinnati Dayton

Road

K&H Grocery/Van Hise's

Grocery BUT-321-14 1980 ca. 1869

Vernacular/Front-

gable/Commercial Wood-frame N N/A Location, design No further work

A39

8862 Cincinnati Dayton

Road Joshua Stephenson House BUT-315-14 1980 ca. 1850 Italianate/I-house Brick N N/A

Location, design, materials,

workmanship No further work

A42

8847 Cincinnati Dayton

Road

West Chester Church of

Christ N/A N/A ca. 1845 Vernacular/Front-gable Wood-frame N N/A Location, design, association No further work

A43

8825 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A ca. 1870 Gothic Revival/Side-gable Wood-frame N N/A

Location, design, materials,

workmanship No further work

A44

8820 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A ca. 1890 Vernacular Wood-frame N N/A Location No further work

A45

8819 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A ca. 1890 Vernacular Wood-frame N N/A Location, design No further work

A46

8816 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A ca. 1950 Cape Cod Wood-frame N N/A Location, design, setting No further work

A47

8809 Cincinnati Dayton

Road

Anderson Residence/

Phillips House BUT-361-14 1980 ca. 1836 New England One and a Half Wood-frame N N/A Location, design No further work

A48

8807 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A ca. 1900 Vernacular/Cross-gable Wood-frame N N/A Location No further work

A49

8800 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A ca. 1930

Vernacular/Front dormer

bungalow Wood-frame N N/A Location No further work

A50

8791 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A 1957 Ranch/Side-gable Wood-frame N N/A Location, materials No further work

A51

8786 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A ca. 1950 Vernacular/Minimal Traditional Wood-frame N N/A Location, design No further work

A52

8778 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A 1960 Vernacular/Front-gable/Bungalow Wood-frame N N/A Location, design No further work

A53

8794 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A ca. 1920 Vernacular/Front-gable/Bungalow Brick N N/A Location No further work

A54

8735 Cincinnati Dayton

Road

Union Township Centralized

School N/A N/A 1916/1975 Vernacular Brick N N/A Location, design, materials No further work

A56

8720 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A 1962 Vernacular/Commercial Brick N N/A Location, design, materials No further work

A57

8700 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A ca. 1910 Vernacular Brick N N/A Location No further work

A58

8685 Cincinnati Dayton

Road

West Chester Turnpike

Marker BUT-318-14 1980 ca. 1830 N/A Limestone Y A

Location, design, materials,

workmanship No further work

A59

8685 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A ca. 1840 Vernacular/Side hall Wood-frame N N/A Location, design No further work

A60 6700 Cresthaven Ave N/A N/A N/A 1965 Ranch/Cross-gable Brick N N/A

Location, design, setting,

materials No further work

A61

8674 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A ca. 1890 Vernacular/Side-gable Wood-frame N N/A Location, design No further work

A62

8671 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A 1936 Cape Cod Wood-frame N N/A Location, design No further work

A63

8662 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A ca. 1850 Vernacular/Hall and Parlor Wood-frame N N/A Location, design No further work

A64

8661 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A 1956 Ranch Brick N N/A Location, design, materials, setting No further work

A65

8659 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A 1950 Vernacular/Cross-gable Brick N N/A

Location, design, materials,

setting No further work

A66 - A678643 Cincinnati Dayton

Road N/A N/A N/A ca. 1930 Colonial Revival/Federal Revival Brick N N/A Location, materials No further work

Appendix E - Phase I History/Architecture Resource Table