resume writing - arizona state university resume writing and employment letters table of contents...
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RESUME WRITING &
Employment Letters
Career Strategy and Professional Development Mentoring Center
Print Date: 8/9/13
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RESUME WRITING AND EMPLOYMENT LETTERS TABLE OF CONTENTS
RESUMES The Legal Resume 3 List of Useful Resume Action Verbs 12 Updating Your Resume: Summer Update 14 Sample Resume Descriptions 16 Basic Resume Outline 18 Sample Resumes 19 Sample Reference Sheet 25
COVER LETTERS A Guide to Writing Cover Letters 26 Cover Letter Dos and Don’ts 28 Cover Letter Form & Samples 29 NETWORKING What is Networking? 36 Practical Networking Tips 38 Requesting a Networking Appointment 41 FOLLOW-UP & THANK YOU LETTERS Tips on Follow-Up & Thank You Letters 42 Sample Thank You & Follow Up Letters 43 Sample Acceptance Letter 45 Sample Withdrawal Letter 46 Sample Rejection Letter 47 WRITING SAMPLES Writing Sample Tips 48 Writing Sample Basics 49 Tips for Online Etiquette 51
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THE LEGAL RESUME
Purpose of a Resume
The most useful resume is not a mere written record of what you’ve done in the past. Instead, a resume
should be your own personal marketing tool. A well-done legal resume does the following:
Summarizes your education and experience
Introduces you to potential employers and focuses their attention on pertinent areas of
your background
Gets you through the door to an interview
Shows prospective employers how your background makes you valuable to them
Serves as an example of your work product
All of this boils down to one simple point: your resume tells employers what a great job you can do for
them. If you keep this in mind when preparing your resume, you’ll end up with a resume that is perfect
for you.
Also, remember that your resume is not carved in stone. As you gain legal experience and participate in
new activities, update your resume. In addition, the same resume may not be appropriate for all
employers. As you target different employers, review your resume and make changes to emphasize the
information that will be of greatest interest to your audience. For example, the resume that catches the
eye of the hiring partner at a conservative law firm might look a little different than the resume you send
to a non-profit corporation. It all comes back to the guiding principle behind your resume – it is meant
to show employers what you can do for them.
Format and Stylistic Details
The look and feel of your resume can often determine whether it is read. Because you want the
employer to focus on the substance of your resume, not its form, be sure that the format is not
distracting, is easy to read, and has a professional appearance. Most lawyers are conservative, so make
sure employers do not eliminate your resume at the beginning due to an unusual format, colored paper,
or bizarre font. Keep the following guidelines in mind:
Various formats can be used effectively, so select a format that appeals to you and best highlights
your background. A number of samples are presented in this handbook. Make sure any format you
choose uses white space, headings, spacing, indentation effectively
and consistently, and does not have a cluttered appearance. Pertinent information should easily jump
out at the reader.
Your resume should be in an outline format, rather than narrative. Do not use personal pronouns in
job descriptions.
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Avoid the urge to use an unusual format to stand out from the crowd. Legal employers are much
more impressed by a crisp and professional resume which presents your qualifications in an easily
readable manner.
Use letter-size white or cream good quality paper. As a general rule, your resume should be on one
page unless law is your second career or you have a great deal of relevant experience. Once you hit
your third year, you may need to expand it to two pages.
Use black ink and a conservative font between 10 and 14 points in size.
A good rule of thumb is 1" margins on all four sides of your resume, although slightly smaller
margins may be used to keep resume to one page.
Use a good quality printer.
Remember, a visually appealing resume will command more attention. Aim for spaciousness and ease
of reading. Most people will spend about 30 seconds reviewing resumes – those that look promising are
set aside for a second look. A concise, easy-to-read resume with a professional appearance stands a
better chance of receiving this second look. A resume with a typographical error will surely land in the
“round file.”
Preparing Your Resume
Now that you’ve got the format and style issues out of the way, you can concentrate on drafting a
resume that best conveys what you have to offer a legal employer. Before you start writing, take two
preliminary steps. First, list all of the possible information that might be included – your bar
membership, law school, graduate, and undergraduate education, work experience (both paid and
volunteer), school and community activities, honors and awards, outside interests, professional
affiliations, military experience, publications, special skills, and language proficiencies.
Second, put yourself in the employer’s shoes and think about the information that best conveys what
you have to offer. Identify the attributes the employer to whom you are applying is seeking. Attributes a
legal employer is likely to look for include determination, self-confidence, creativity, excellent
analytical and writing skills, persuasiveness, persistence, commitment, high energy, maturity,
conscientiousness, attention to detail, thoroughness, and good people skills.
It is difficult for an individual to identify his or her skills. We are conditioned to focus on our
weaknesses rather than our strengths. For law students and new law graduates, this is particularly true.
You are keenly aware of each grade that could have been higher and each response in class that could
have been sharper. Consequently, you overlook the many fine abilities that you bring to the practice of
law. The ABA task force report on the legal profession (the “MacCrate report”), outlines fundamental
lawyering skills. Before preparing your resume and cover letter, review this list and make sure you are
highlighting these skills sought by your prospective employers.
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Fundamental Lawyering Skills Problem Solving
Identifying and diagnosing problems
Generating alternative solutions and strategies
Developing a plan of action
Implementing the plan
Keeping the planning process open to new information and new ideas
Legal Analysis and Reasoning
Identifying and formulating legal issues
Formulating relevant legal theories
Elaborating legal theory
Evaluating legal theory
Criticizing and synthesizing legal argumentation
Legal Research
Knowledge of the nature of legal rules and institutions
Knowledge of and ability to use the most fundamental tools of legal research
Understanding of the process of devising and implementing a coherent and effective
research design
Factual Investigation
Determining the need for factual investigation
Planning a factual investigation
Implementing the investigative strategy
Memorializing and organizing information in an accessible form
Deciding whether and when to conclude the process of fact-gathering
Evaluating the information that has been gathered
Communication
Assessing the perspective of the recipient of the information
Using effective methods of communication
Counseling
Establishing a counseling relationship that respects the nature and bounds of a
lawyer’s role
Gathering information relevant to the decision to be made
Analyzing the decision to be made
Counseling the client about the decision to be made
Ascertaining and implementing the client’s decision
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Negotiation
Preparing for negotiation
Conducting the negotiation session
Counseling the client about the terms obtained from the other side in the negotiation
and implementing the client’s decision
Litigation and Alternative Dispute Resolution Procedures
Litigation at the trial-court level
Litigation at the appellate-court level
Advocacy in administrative and executive forums
Proceedings in other dispute-resolution forums
Organization and Management of Legal Work
Formulating goals and principles for effective practice management
Developing systems and procedures that ensure that time, effort and resources are
allocated efficiently
Developing systems and procedures to ensure that work is performed and completed
at the appropriate time
Developing systems and procedures for effectively working with other people
Developing systems and procedures for efficiently administering a law office
Recognizing and Resolving Ethical Dilemmas
Understanding the nature and sources of ethical standards
Knowing the means by which ethical standards are enforced
Following the processes for recognizing and resolving ethical dilemmas
Generic Characteristics Important for Lawyering
Energy
Initiative
Motivation
Follow-through
Ability to juggle multiple tasks and prioritize
Ability to pick up new information quickly
Ability to deal with time pressures and tight deadlines
Ability to work well in a team
Creativity
Consider which of these characteristics you have, and how your life experiences demonstrate that you
have these qualities. Also, evaluate the transferable skills that you gained through past educational or
work experiences. You will then be able to narrow down the universe of information you came up with
in step one and use it as a base in writing your resume and cover letters.
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Resume Sections
After you’ve finished listing and evaluating all of your experiences and have thought about what will be
of greatest interest to a legal employer, you are ready to begin the writing process. Every resume will
include a heading and sections for education and experience. Other sections are optional and will
depend on your unique background. Some of the most common sections are discussed below.
Heading: Your full name, address, phone number and email address should appear at the top of your resume.
The word “Resume” should not. If your permanent address is outside Phoenix and you are seeking
employment in that area, also include your permanent address. Always include a reliable telephone
number and an email address where you can be reached.
Bar Membership:
When you have graduated from law school and passed the bar, you will begin your resume with a Bar
Membership section. List bar(s) passed; date licensed and license number. For example: Arizona, July
2010, Bar Number: 000000. If you have taken the bar but have not received results, identify the bar
taken and awaiting results. For example: Sat for Arizona Bar July 2010, awaiting results. If you
passed the bar but are awaiting character and fitness, identify the bar passed and awaiting character
and fitness. For example, Arizona, July 2010 (passed bar exam and awaiting character and fitness).
Education:
With rare exceptions, this will be the first major section of your resume. List schools in reverse
chronological order (law school first, then other graduate programs, then undergraduate). Include the
name of the school, city and state, and degree attained. Do not include associate arts degrees or high
school (although there may be some rare exceptions for certain private schools in some areas - check
with Career Services).
Law School:
Indicate the month and year you expect to graduate. For example, “J.D. expected May 20__ or J.D.
Candidate 20__.”
Although Career Services staff encourages employers to use many indicators of competence,
some employers place great reliance on grades. If your GPA places you in the top third of your
class, you should include this on your resume.
If your overall GPA is not as high as you’d like, you may choose to highlight an upward trend in
grades by indicating your GPAs for various years along with your overall GPA. You can also
indicate those classes in which you excelled, as long as they are relevant to the employer. Never
estimate or round-off your GPA or speculate your class rank. Only the Registrar can provide
you with your exact GPA and rank.
If you are a first year student and received a high grade of A- or above in Legal Research and
Writing, include this on your resume.
It is recommended that you not include your LSAT score, however, occasionally a student will
choose to do so if the score is particularly high.
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If your grades are not your strongest point, consider ways of highlighting other achievements in
law school (i.e. your performance in specific courses where you can show an exceptional
standing, placement in competitions, high grades in legal research and writing).
Generally, include any activities or honors related to each school (see discussion below)
Undergraduate or Graduate Schools:
Indicate the degree, month and year received
Include your GPA if above 3.5 and any honors received with your degrees (“cum
laude,” etc.). However, don’t include GPA if you did not include it for law school; in this case,
just include honors received.
Include any relevant activities or honors related to each school (see below)
Honors and Activities:
Honors and activities should generally be included under the school they relate to, unless you have a
substantial number of honors and activities that are outside the educational sphere, or many major
honors that you wish to highlight. In that case, you may wish to create an entirely separate section
entitled “Honors and Activities.” Whichever approach you use, keep the following in mind:
List honors first, then activities
You may use two subheadings to separate honors and activities under each school, or one major
heading. If space allows, list one honor or activity per line for easier reading
Provide enough of a description so that the reader will understand your honors and
activities. Make sure your descriptions emphasize your achievements.
Examples of common law school honors and activities include journal experience,
scholarships/grants, awards, competitions/moot court accomplishments etc. In listing
accomplishments in Moot Court competitions, distinguish between various competitions.
List your extracurricular activities: membership or leadership positions in student organizations,
clubs or student/faculty committees; sports activities; competitions
where you participated but did not place etc. Provide the full name of the
organization/club (not just the acronym). It is not necessary to put the word
“member” before each organization listing; however if you are an officer in the
organization, designate that position.
Undergraduate honors and activities may include scholarships, student
government, participation in athletics, student organizations, and debate. If you
have extensive undergraduate activities, include only those that were most
significant and would be of greatest interest to a legal employer.
In some cases you will need to give serious thought to whether or not to include
certain activities. “Highly charged” resume items may include involvement in a
political organization or campaign, religious activities, or work for certain non-
profit groups. Inclusion of these items may depend on the employer you are
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targeting. There is no right or wrong answer here, just what is best given your
particular situation.
Experience:
This section can be called “Experience” or “Employment.” “Experience” has the
advantage of encompassing paid, volunteer, clinic, and externship positions. As
you prepare your “Experience” section, keep the following hints in mind:
If you have extensive work experience prior to entering law school, you may
want to separate this section into different groups such as “Legal Experience,”
“Business Experience, “Professional Experience” etc.
Generally, you will list all relevant experience in reverse chronological order.
This format is preferred by most legal employers.
In some rare cases – for people with extensive pre-legal career experience or
several career paths - a functional format may be appropriate. With this format,
job experience is grouped by function rather than employers. However, you
should stick to the chronological approach for your legal experience. See Career
Services for more information on this issue.
For each job, list the employer name, city and state, your position, dates of
employment (months are not necessary if employed at least a year), and
description. Several different formats can be used, but it is important to be
consistent with each position. Highlight your major responsibilities and use action
verbs to begin your sentences and describe your responsibilities. If you are
applying for public interest positions, describe community activities that are both
law and non-law related.
When deciding whether to lead off with the employer’s name or your position,
consider which is most impressive or likely to catch an employer’s eye. Once you
decide, follow the same format for each position.
Describe any accomplishments at each job first, using action words (“Increased
sales by 20%,” “Implemented new computer program”). Then, describe duties,
again using action words. A list of commonly used action words is included in
this handbook.
Use present tense verbs for current jobs and past tense for past jobs
If you’ve been selected for an externship or internship in the future, you may
include that on your resume. Use future tense when writing the job description.
Avoid using first pronouns and introductory phrases such as “My duties
included...” or “As the tax clerk I...”
If you had a number of part-time jobs during undergraduate school, you may want
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to try a summary description such as “Continually employed in a variety of jobs
including ____ and _____ to finance undergraduate education.”
Remember your goal – to show how your past experiences have prepared you to
make a contribution to your target legal employer
Special Skills: This is a good place to indicate special proficiency in languages, computer skills, or licenses and
credentials. Identify your level of language skill such as fluent or conversational and your legal
research proficiency.
Licenses:
Create a separate section only if you have enough of these to warrant using the
space. Examples include: CPA, Real Estate Licenses, and computer certifications.
Bar memberships could eventually be included here, however, when you first
graduate from law school and pass the bar, this will be the first header on your
resume.
Publications:
Include all publications if relevant. If you have one publication that was
completed as part of law school or undergraduate work, you could include it under
the section for that school.
Military:
Can be included as a separate section or as part of “Experience” section. You can
list the service with the inclusive dates, then list assignments underneath in
reverse chronological order. Include medals received and rank at time of discharge.
Interests: Although this section is optional, it shows you are a living, breathing person with
a life beyond the law. What you include in this section may spark an employer’s
interest and provide good conversation material for an interview. Include items
that are unique (bungee jumping), demonstrate worthy personality traits such as
self-discipline (competing in marathons), or suggest rainmaking potential (golf,
tennis). Beware of items that may be controversial, and resist the temptation to be
too humorous in this section. Finally, be truthful - if you falsely claim to be a
classical pianist, odds are that your interviewer will share that interest and ask you
about it or ask you to perform!
References: Generally, references are not included on the resume, but on a separate reference
sheet. On the reference sheet list references and provide their title, address, phone
number, and email address. It is not necessary to include the statement “References
available upon request” on your resume since this only states the obvious. A sample
of a reference sheet is included in this handbook.
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Personal Data: This information is seldom helpful or relevant to employers. Marital status,
dependent information, health status, and date of birth are not legally relevant and
may not be questioned by employers.
Falsification of Resumes
Putting false or misleading information on your resume is a serious offense. Falsifying your resume
could cost you your job and your professional reputation, not to mention that this is no way to start your
career. Anyone found to have falsified information on his or her resume will not be allowed further use
of the Career Services Office. Notice of the violation will also be sent to the Associate Dean for
disciplinary action.
Sample Resumes
Sample resumes for first, second and third year students are provided in this handbook. These are just
examples and are not meant to represent the “perfect” resume. The perfect resume for you is one that
presents your background and what you have to offer in the most clear and readable way possible.
Resume Updates
Your resume should be updated continually while you are in law school to reflect changes in GPA, work
experience, externships and extra curricular activities. Refer to the “Updating Your Resume” document
on page 13 for tips on updating your resume.
Resume Review
One of the services offered by the Career Center is resume review. Before you send your resume out,
please take advantage of this service. Schedule an appointment by contacting our office at
[email protected] or 965-5808. One day prior to your appointment, please make sure to
forward a copy of your resume to the counselor you are scheduled to see.
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LIST OF USEFUL RESUME ACTION VERBS
Use action verbs, adjectives and adverbs to describe accomplishments, positions and attributes. Below
is a list that may prove helpful in your description.
accelerated checked discovered grossed modified
accomplished chose drafted guided monitored
accounted for classified dramatized handled motivated
achieved closed dropped hastened moved
acquired combined earned heightened named
added communicated edited helped negotiated
adjusted compared educated highlighted netted
administered completed elected hiked observed
advised composed employed housed opened
aided conceived encouraged hunted operated
alphabetized concluded enjoyed identified ordered
analyzed conditioned enlarged implemented organized
anticipated conducted enlist improved overcame
appointed constructed ensured included oversaw
appraised continued entered incorporated paid
arbitrated contracted established increased painted
argued controlled estimated indicated participated
arranged convinced evaluated initiated perceived
assessed coordinated excelled innovated performed
assisted copied executed inspected persuaded
assumed corrected exercised instructed pioneered
assured counseled expanded insured placed
attended counted expedited interpreted planned
authored crafted explained interviewed played
authorized created explored introduced policed
awarded critique familiarized investigated prepared
began dealt filed kept presented
bolstered debated financed labored prevailed
boosted decided forecast launched processed
bought defined foresaw lectured produced
briefed delegated formulated led profited
brought delivered forwarded licensed programmed
budgeted demonstrated fostered located prohibited
built designed found looked projected
calculated determined gained made promoted
cataloged developed gathered maintained proofed
caught devised gave managed proved
caused digested grabbed mapped out purchased
chaired diminished graded maximized put
changed directed greeted met qualified
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quickened revised spearheaded targeted unearthed
Ran saved specified taught unfurled
Rated saw spoke tested updated
realized scouted started tighter upped
received screened stated took welcomed
recognized scrutinized straightened totaled won
recommended selected streamlined toured worked
reduced sent strengthened tracked wrote
related served stripped trained
renovated set studied transferred
reported shipped submitted transformed
rescued showed suggested translated
researched sifted summarized traveled
resulted in simplified supervised treated
returned smoothed supported tutored
revealed solved surmounted typed
reviewed sought surveyed uncovered
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UPDATING YOUR RESUME: SUMMER UPDATE (Developed by The George Washington University Law School Career Development Office)
Selling Your Summer Experience
At the beginning of the fall semester you have an opportunity to “put your best foot forward” to employers
eager to consider ASU Law School candidates for employment. In the initial stage, your resume, exhibiting
your strengths and experiences, is the sole standard by which employers select interviewees. The importance
of accurately and effectively reflecting academic performance and job experience cannot be overstated.
All summer legal employment is valuable for the knowledge and experience it provides you. Whether you
have worked for a law firm or a judge, supported a professor in summer research, or obtained temporary
legal work, you have been successful in acquiring knowledge about the legal process. It is common
knowledge, however, that whatever the experience, many law clerks (if not most) spend the majority of their
time conducting legal research and drafting memos and/or briefs. The system fosters conformity of
experience. As a result, it is very difficult to portray a summer experience as unique. The most effective
way to express your summer experience is to be straightforward about the functions you have performed.
Here are some guidelines and samples to assist you in updating your resume. Please contact career services if
you would like your resume reviewed.
Description of Summer Legal Employment on Your Resume
Conducting research is conducting research, however you look at it. A statement about this
function may be enhanced by briefly explaining the areas of law that you researched or the
purpose for this research, i.e., “conducted research in international law to support the
professor’s upcoming publication on (topic).”
Writing experience is viewed by employers as key to your future success and should be
highlighted on your resume. Be specific about the type of documents you have prepared and,
if possible, elaborate on their ultimate use. Be cognizant of confidentiality while writing your
descriptions. Details about cases can be disclosed only if that case is of public record.
Client contact of any sort implies that the employer trusted your judgment and your
interpersonal skills. It is always worth mentioning.
Descriptions of summer legal employment should be brief but descriptive and thorough
enough to allow the reader to envision the type of position you held and to assess the depth
of knowledge you may possess. Lengthy descriptions are acceptable in cases of unique
opportunities of responsibility.
If you are writing a job description for an externship, be sure to review the formal description
listed in the Externship Handbook.
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Study Abroad
If you spent the summer or part of the summer participating in a study abroad program it should be
represented in the “Education” section of your resume within your law school information.
Study Abroad:
The University of Oxford and the George Washington University
Joint Programme in International Human Rights Law, Oxford, England Summer 20__
Internships and Part-Time Positions for the Fall Many students choose to supplement their legal experience with internships or part-time employment during
the school year. The students may secure positions prior to the beginning of the semester, but typically will
not have an opportunity to begin work prior to the Fall Interviewing Program (FIP). Nonetheless, this
experience may be legitimately represented on the resume used for FIP. Listed below are samples of
descriptions. Functions may be appropriately described in either the present or future tense and they need not
be very specific. Much of the information will pertain to the nature of the organization’s practice and
anticipated functions. By the time most interviews take place students will have already started their jobs and
will be better able to discuss the job duties. Resumes should be updated after beginning Fall jobs and
brought to each interview during FIP.
Cohen, Milstein, Hausfeld & Toll, P.L.L.C. Washington, DC
Law Clerk Fall 20__
Employment in the antitrust, securities and labor departments will begin in September 20__.
Job duties will include conducting legal research and drafting pleadings, motions, briefs
and memoranda.
U.S. Department of Justice Washington, DC
Legal Intern Fall 20__
Accepted into the Antitrust Division for the Fall 20__ Internship Program. Will prepare
litigation materials to be used in formal civil investigations and grand jury proceedings.
D.C. Law Students in Court Washington, DC
Student Trial Attorney Fall 200__
Will represent indigent persons in D.C. Superior Court primarily in landlord-tenant actions,
as well as in small claims, negligence, and other civil matters. Will handle all aspects of
litigation under supervision of clinical instructor. Job duties will include interviewing
witnesses, preparing pleadings, engaging in settlement negotiations, and conducting
investigations, motions, hearings and trials.
Legal Aid Small Business Clinic Washington, DC
The George Washington University Law School Fall Semester 20__
Legal Fellow
Will assist small businesses and non-profit organizations in drafting partnership agreements,
documents of incorporation, contracts, commercial leases, and in resolving disputes.
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Sample Resume Job Descriptions
EXPERIENCE
Pettis, Tester, Kruse & Krinsky Irvine, CA
Summer Associate Summer 2010
Researched and drafted memoranda in areas of law such as bankruptcy and creditors’ rights. Drafted
memoranda of points and authorities for a summary judgment motion and a motion to compel further
responses to discovery. Prepared discovery including requests for production of documents and special
interrogatories. Researched and drafted an ex parte application for an order shortening time in which to
notice a deposition. Assisted in preparation of fee application in large Chapter 11 bankruptcy.
Irell & Manella LLP Newport Beach, CA
Summer Associate Summer 2011
Researched and wrote memoranda addressing topics in environmental law, general litigation and labor law.
Prepared a speech on environmental crimes. Drafted client correspondence. Attended three settlement
conferences and an arbitration.
U.S. District Court, Central District of California Los Angeles, CA
Judicial Extern to the Honorable John S. Rhoades Summer 2011
Researched various topics, including apportionment of liability among co-sureties, bifurcation of business
tort and antitrust issues, use of foreign conduct in sentencing, and habeas corpus procedure. Drafted bench
memoranda evaluating sufficiency of parties' arguments. Prepared preliminary orders. Observed case
management conferences, hearings, and trials.
Sullivan Smith & Johnson, LLP, Tempe, AZ May 2010 – Present
Law Clerk
Draft memoranda regarding practical implications of Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 on health care
providers, including potential revisions to system-wide education, policies, and employee codes of
conduct. Review and recommend revisions to compliance policies and procedures, including conflicts
of interest, gifts and gratuities and compliance hotline. Revise compliance and HIPAA/privacy
education for all students/registry employees and draft annual education materials for all staff. Define
material deficiency relating to reporting overpayments to the Office of Inspector General.
Mathias Law Firm, Scottsdale, AZ January 2011 – May 2011
Law Clerk
Researched state securities regulations and drafted memorandum on licensure requirements for
dealer-brokers. Prepared successful defense to multi-count summary judgment motion in wrongful
termination action. Analyzed and created chronology of events from trial transcripts and discovery in
securities fraud and breach of fiduciary duty action to prepare for expert testimony on behalf of
attorney charged with legal malpractice.
Sharp HealthCare, San Diego, CA August 2009 – December 2009
Legal Affairs and Compliance Intern
Educated over 13,000 employees on all legal issues as member of five person legal team. Drafted
and reviewed lease, sublease, licensing and trademark agreements. Researched and advised
supervising attorney on defenses to unlawful detainer suit. Drafted motion to strike amended answer
and opposition to motions to compel discovery. Drafted interrogatories, requests for admission and
production in multi-million dollar breach of contract claim. Analyzed federal Stark and anti-kickback laws
and monitored referral practices of Sharp HealthCare.
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Thompson & Thompson, LLP, Mesa, AZ
Clinical Internship January 2010 – April 2011
Researched and investigated issues in labor and employment law, relating to unfair labor practices, sexual
harassment and wrongful termination, as well as personal injury, civil rights, medical malpractice and
contracts law. Drafted motion for summary judgment relating to constructive discharge. Researched and
drafted motion to change venue, motion for removal, interrogatories and requests for production of
documents. Wrote correspondence to clients and opposing counsel. Prepared settlement brochures.
United States Attorney’s Office, Civil Division, Phoenix, AZ
Law Clerk Summer 2009
Drafted memoranda on family medical leave, disability discrimination and wage and hour violations.
Drafted answers, motions to dismiss, motions for more definite statement and motions in limine for federal
employment law defense. Attended depositions, motion hearings and settlement conferences. Summarized
depositions, prepared trial notebooks and proposed cross examination questions.
Employee Rights Center, San Diego, CA
Law Clerk January 2009 – April 2009
Interviewed new clients with wage claims and unemployment disputes. Drafted motion for summary
judgment, motion to compel discovery and research memoranda on issue of overtime wages. Represented
clients at Labor Commissioner settlement conferences and unemployment insurance appeal hearings.
California Department of Fair Employment and Housing, San Diego, CA
Law Clerk Summer 2012
Investigated claims of employment discrimination. Analyzed and summarized employment contracts, time
records, performance reviews, witness statements and deposition testimony. Interviewed employer and
employee claimants. Researched and drafted memoranda of law including findings of fact and
conclusions of law.
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BASIC RESUME OUTLINE
JANE SMITH
Current Address Permanent Address 4430 East Michigan Avenue 210 McDonald Road Tempe, AZ 85286 Denver, CO 80618 (480) 423-7711 (303) 458-3721 [email protected] [email protected] (Only use if seeking out of state employment) BAR MEMBERSHIP: State of Bar; Pass date; License number (for graduates only) EDUCATION: Law School, Location
J.D. Candidate - date received or expected to receive G.P.A/Class standing (Recommended inclusion for top one third of class)
Honors: List Activities: List
Undergraduate School, Location Degree received, major, graduation date G.P.A. (Recommended inclusion only if law school grades are listed.) Honors: List Activities: List
EXPERIENCE: Employer name and location (City, State) Position title, description, and employment dates This is section includes paid and non-paid experience listed in reverse chronological order (most recent first): Entries can include jobs (part-time/full-time), volunteer work, internships, externships, clinical experiences, summer jobs, etc. Describe your responsibilities using action verbs to begin sentences. OPTIONAL HEADINGS Interests Special Skills Languages Publications Community Activities Professional Affiliations Licenses Additional Information References and Writing Sample Available upon Request (not recommended); prepare separate Reference Sheet. (See page 25)
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SAMPLE RESUMES First Year Resumes: Example 1
NAME
4507 Pine Street Scottsdale, AZ 480-973-8881
EDUCATION Sandra Day O’Connor College of Law, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ Candidate for J.D., May 20__ Legal Research and Writing Grade – A- (Recommended for inclusion if A- or above) Honors: Pedrick Scholar
Dean’s Recruitment Committee College of Law Scholarship
University of Houston, Houston, TX B.A. Political Science, Cum Laude, May 20__ GPA: 3.5 Honors and Activities: President’s Scholar - Full Tuition Waiver for Academic Excellence
President’s Honor Roll - Six Semesters Intercollegiate Varsity Soccer - 1997-2000
EXPERIENCE Transco Energy Company, Houston, TX Summer 20__ Records Supervisor Managed production of over 30,000 documents in connection with pipeline acquisition. Oversaw a three-person team responsible for accurately categorizing, cataloging, and copying documents. Worked closely with in-house and outside counsel and handled their information requests. Completed project in advance of deadline and under budget. Cougar Student Volunteer Program, Houston, TX 1997- 20__ Student Coordinator Directed student organization that matched volunteers with non-profit corporations. Facilitated matches between 500 students and 50 local groups. Harold Jones & Associates, Houston, TX 20__- 20__ Property Manager Resident manager of 5-unit apartment complex. Handled light maintenance, collected lease payments, and prepared and leased vacant apartments. Independently resolved tenant complaints. Language Skills and Interests Conversational Spanish, Triathlons, Mountain Climbing
20
Example 2
NAME Street Address
State and Zip Code Telephone Email
EDUCATION
Sandra Day O’Connor College of Law Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ Candidate for J.D. May, 20__ GPA: __ Rank: Top 33% Honors: Arizona State Law Journal
Pedrick Scholar Graduate Academic Scholarship
Activities: Student Bar Association, Treasurer Volunteer Income Tax Assistance Volunteer (VITA) Homeless Legal Assistance Project, Director
University of California, Los Angeles, CA B.A. English May, 200- G.P.A. 3.82 cum laude
Honors: Dean’s Award
Hemingway Award - Best Short Story
Activities: Poet’s Corner Group, Chairman Varsity Swim Team, Captain
EXPERIENCE Judge Taylor Green, Maricopa County Superior Court, Phoenix, AZ Fall 20__ Legal Extern Observed proceedings in civil and criminal trials. Researched and wrote memoranda for use in the judge’s rulings on motions, jury instructions and evidentiary questions. Drafted summary judgments, orders and municipal court appeals. Harris & Harris, Phoenix, AZ Summer, 20__ Law Clerk Researched and wrote memoranda, briefs and pleadings involving commercial and bankruptcy cases. Participated in client conferences and assisted with trial preparation. State Farm Insurance, Los Angeles, CA 1999-20__ Supervisor - Customer Service Started as a customer service representative and after one year was promoted to supervisor. Supervised a staff of six. Conducted training classes on communication skills and customer relations. Developed and wrote the department policy and procedure manual.
INTERESTS
Snowboarding, camping, and mystery novels.
21
Example 3
NAME
Street Address City, State and Zip Code Telephone Email
EDUCATION
Sandra Day O’Connor College of Law, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ Candidate for J.D., May 20__ GPA: __ Rank: Top 15% Honors: Winner, Jenckes Cup Closing Argument
Jurimetrics: The Journal of Law, Science, and Technology Willard H. Pedrick Scholar Graduate Tuition Scholarship
Activities: Phi Alpha Delta Law Fraternity
Women’s Law Student Association President (20__ Domestic Violence Volunteer
Northwestern University, Chicago, IL B.S. Communication Studies, May 20__ G.P.A. 3.5 Honors: George M. Sergeant Award, Recipient chosen by faculty for
excellence in Communication Studies
EXPERIENCE
Smith & Jones, Phoenix, AZ September 20__-Present Law Clerk Research and write memoranda in areas of personal injury, medical malpractice and family law. Attend client and interoffice conferences and depositions. Assist attorneys at trial. State Farm Insurance, Phoenix, AZ Summer 20__ Law Intern Negotiated and settled bodily injury and property damage claims, interviewed clients and witnesses, and evaluated coverage issues. The Gap, Chicago, IL 1995-1999 Assistant Manager Managed the daily operations of the store. Supervised a staff of ten. Directed training sessions on customer relations and sales techniques. Scheduled, interviewed and hired staff. Created marketing and motivational programs designed to increase company business.
FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Fluently speak, read and write Spanish; learned language while living in South America.
INTERESTS
Competitive golf, jazz music, travel, and crime novels.
22
Example 4
NAME Address
City, State and Zip Code Telephone
EDUCATION Sandra Day O’Connor College of Law, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ
Joint Degree: J.D./M.B.A. May 20__ GPA: __ Rank: 79/233 Honors: National Moot Court Competition: Finalist
Regional Moot Court Competition: Best Appellate Brief Activities: Chicano/Latino Law Students’ Association (CLLSA)
Chairperson, Student Grievance Committee
University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado Bachelor of Arts, English Literature, 20__
EXPERIENCE Maricopa County Superior Court, Phoenix, AZ Civil Division Legal Extern, Civil Division Spring 20__
Researched and wrote memoranda for the Honorable Michael C. Franks. Participated in court proceedings, briefed cases scheduled for oral argument, and drafted jury instructions.
Evans and Pert, Phoenix, AZ Law Clerk Summer 20__ Researched and wrote memoranda, appellate briefs, motions and pleadings involving contract, corporate, and real estate issues. Attended client meetings and negotiation sessions. Offered associate position with the firm.
Saul Realty & Investment, Inc. , Mesa, AZ
Real Estate Broker Fall 20__ Organized the corporation; served as Vice-President and as a member of the Board of Directors. Recruited and trained new sales associates. As a real estate agent, actively marketed and sold real property. Named Salesperson of the Year.
Century 21 Realty and Investment, Inc., Mesa, AZ Sales Manager Summer 20__ Created and implemented office policies and procedures. Trained and directed the sales force. Acted as liaison between the sales associates and management. Member of the Century 21 Million Dollar Club. Conducted creative financing seminars for other Century 21 offices.
INTERESTS: Scuba diving, skiing, art history and oriental cooking.
23
Example 5
JANE DOE Street Address
City, State and Zip Code Telephone Number
BAR ADMISSIONS Arizona, 2010, Bar No. 999999 California, July 2012 Bar Examination, Awaiting Results EDUCATION
Sandra Day O’Connor College of Law, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ Candidate for J.D., May 20__ Honors: National Moot Court Competition Regional Competition, Champion
Best Oral Advocate, Moot Court Competition
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI B.A. in Political Science, May 20__ Honors: Waddell Scholarship
EXPERIENCE
The Legal Aid Society, Civil Division Summer 20__ San Francisco, CA
Law Clerk Conducted legal research and assisted attorneys in the areas of landlord-tenant and government benefits law. Drafted pleadings, administrative appeals and trial motions. Counseled tenants bringing affirmative suits in housing court. Sandra Day O’Connor College of Law, Arizona State University Clinic, Tempe, AZ Spring 20__
Student Attorney Certified to practice law under Rule 38. Represented clients under faculty supervision. Conducted discovery including taking depositions and interviewing witnesses. Wrote and argued motions in Superior Court. Mediated and negotiated settlements. Arizona Attorney General, Civil Division Fall 20__ Phoenix, AZ
Legal Extern Prepared complaints, summaries, motions, discovery requests and memoranda. Researched legal issues including, civil rights, employment law, tort litigation, and environmental law. Assisted attorneys in their preparation for trials.
INTERESTS Black and white photography, fitness training and classical music.
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JOHN DOE 55555 N. 5
th St. Tempe, AZ 85555 (555) 555-5555 [email protected]
EDUCATION
Sandra Day O’Connor College of Law, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ
J.D. Candidate, May 2012
Activities: Homeless Legal Assistance Project
Muslim Law Students Association
Phoenix School of Law, Phoenix, AZ
Attended 2010-11, transferred after first year
Rank: 7/250
Honors: CALI Award, Top Student in Torts
Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS
B.S. Political Science, Minor Biology, May 2009
Honors: National Model United Nations Delegate
Activities: Student Ambassador
Hiking Club
EXPERIENCE
Law Offices of Jane Doe, Phoenix, AZ Summer 2011
Intern (Commercial Litigation and Family Law)
Conducted legal research and drafted memoranda regarding whether court may award attorneys’
fees pursuant to A.R.S. § 12-341.01 on breach of contract claim.
Drafted Rule 26 Initial Disclosure Statement regarding breach of contract claim.
Attended expert witness deposition and drafted deposition summary.
Fake Attorney General, Consumer Law Division, Phoenix, AZ Spring 2011
Legal Intern
Conducted legal research regarding identity theft laws and protections for senior citizens.
Gave presentation regarding identify theft prevention at senior centers.
Yummy Restaurant, Manhattan, KS 2006-2008
Assistant Manager / Server
Trained new servers in product knowledge, wine and food pairing, and steps of service.
Created and oversaw schedules of 50 employees.
Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 2005-2007
Resident Assistant
Oversaw all aspects of dorm life including discipline, socializing, and safety.
INTERESTS
Hiking, scuba diving, and collecting baseball cards.
25
SAMPLE REFERENCE SHEET
REFERENCES:
Of
JOHN Q. STEVENS 1000 Orme Road
Mayer, AZ 86333 632-555-1234
Professor Jared Green Mike Kowallis, President
Sandra Day O’Connor College of
Law, Arizona State University
Auto Express Inc.
1048 S. Lebaron
P.O. Box 877906 Mesa AZ 85210
Tempe AZ 85287-7906
(480) 965-5550
(480) 844-3897
Former Employer
Torts Professor
Paul Beecroft, Law Clerk Amber Williams, Attorney at Law
Maricopa County Superior Court Maricopa County Attorney
101/201 W. Jefferson (ECB-CCB) Juvenile Division
Phoenix AZ 85003-2205 10797 N. Scottsdale Rd
(602) 506-1112 Scottsdale AZ 85254
Supervising Attorney
(480) 941-0308
Supervising Attorney
Provide all recommenders a copy of your resume and writing sample. This will assist the recommender in writing a strong recommendation for you.
26
A GUIDE TO WRITING COVER LETTERS
During your job search, much of your communication with legal employers will be by mail or
email. Cover letters are often your first contact with an employer and offer an excellent chance to
make a good first impression. Don’t waste this golden opportunity! A well-prepared cover letter
will:
Spark the employer’s interest in you
Introduce you and your qualifications
Show why you are sending your resume to this particular employer
Persuade the reader to pay attention to your resume
Show how your credentials match the employer’s needs
Indicate your interest in a geographic area, if not apparent from your resume
Above all, show an employer what’s in it for them - why they should take
the time to read your resume and consider hiring you. The Four Types of Cover Letters There are four general categories of cover letters you are likely to send. Each will have a slightly
different tone. Response to a Posted Job Opening: A cover letter will accompany every resume or application
you send in response to a job advertisement, unless the employer specifically directs otherwise. The
letter will state your interest in the opening, highlight your qualifications for the position, and
establish a logical connection between you and the employer.
A Personal Letter to Someone You’ve Met or Been Referred to: This is a very powerful type of
letter. Starting a letter with “[Mutual acquaintance] recommended that I contact you” almost
guarantees you will get a response. After this beginning, the letter will go on to explain why the
reader should meet with you and what you want to happen next (generally, an interview).
Targeted Mailers: If you don’t have the name of a mutual acquaintance with which to open your
letter, the next best thing is a targeted mailer. This is a letter that is carefully targeted to a small
group of employers that you have identified through research. The letter will show the employer,
based on what you know about them, that you have skills they will be able to put to use.
Mass Mailers: These letters are an old law school stand-by. A generic cover letter is sent to 50,
100, or more employers. Although sending out such letters may make you feel like you’ve done
something concrete to find a job, they are the least effective type of letter to send. Employers
recognize mass mailers immediately and often do not give them the courtesy of a reply. Although
27
there will always be some people who find a position by using this technique, they are the rare
exception. Your time will be more fruitfully spent in researching employers and conducting a
targeted mailing.
A Word About Networking Letters: An entirely different letter will be used to “network” and
expand your contacts and to gain information but not ask for a job. This is a very valuable strategy
to use in your legal job search. For example, you might send a letter to an ASU alum in Boise
seeking information about the legal market there. Although the letter will be similar in many ways,
it will not be identical. A sample networking cover letter is included in this handbook.
Drafting a Cover Letter
A cover letter should accompany your resume whenever you mail it to a prospective employer and
when you are submitting a resume through the on-campus Career Services programs. Keep the
letter short and sweet – no more than one page, however, remember this letter represents you and is
a sample of your ability to write and to convey ideas. This “writing sample” will be evaluated by
the reader. These guidelines may assist you in formatting your cover letter.
Individualize: Type each letter individually - do not Xerox.
Paper: Cover letter paper and envelope should match your resume.
Proofread: Check your letter for grammatical, typographical or spelling errors.
Signature: Sign your name to each letter. Many students forget to do this.
Heading: Always direct your letter to a person, not a title (i.e. “Dear Hiring Partner.”). If
you are responding to an advertisement, this person will generally be identified in the ad,
otherwise, you will have to do some research to find the right person. This may be the hiring
partner, an ASU alum, or someone you have something in common with, such as your
undergraduate school or home town. Check in Martindale-Hubbell, on Westlaw or Lexis, or
other materials in the Career Services office. You may also call the employer to ask who
handles employment inquiries. The Career Service’s Maricopa County Employer Directory
also lists the names of firm hiring contacts.
The only exception to this rule of sending your letter to a particular individual, would be if
the advertisement to which you are responding directs you to send your materials to
“Personnel Department,” “Hiring Committee,” etc... In such case, always make sure your
salutation is gender inclusive, such as “Dear Sir or Madam.” You do not want to send letters
to a female hiring partner that begin “Dear Sir.”
28
COVER LETTER DOs AND DON’Ts
DO:
Use the name of a mutual acquaintance if you were referred to an employer.
Make it clear why you are sending a resume to a particular firm. Explain your interest in the
firm and the geographic area.
Find out to whom you should write. Consider directing your letter to an ASU alum or
someone with whom you have a common bond at the firm.
Think of the letter as a sample of your writing and organizational ability. Keep it short and
sweet.
Be certain the letter contains no typographical errors, spelling mistakes, or grammatical
errors.
Make the letter as targeted as possible – avoid mass merge mailings.
Use good quality paper that matches your resume.
Be sure to sign your letters.
DON’T:
Say “Dear Sir” – this is the kiss of death if the hiring partner is a woman.
Repeat the name of the firm over and over in the letter.
Be too cocky or attempt to be humorous.
Overdo references to the firm’s “excellent reputation.”
Repeat everything on your resume.
Begin the letter with “Allow me to introduce myself.”
Use the word “passion” to show your interest in the firm or area of law. Explain your
interest with concrete examples.
Copy Career Services’ letters verbatim. Employers always comment if they receive identical
letters from many students.
29
COVER LETTER FORM & SAMPLES
Date
Contact Name
Firm Name
Address
City, State Zip
Dear (always use Ms. or Mr. Smith – not Brenda Smith):
First Paragraph: The first paragraph introduces you to the reader and explains why you are writing.
It should catch the reader’s attention and make them want to read the rest of the letter. If you are
responding to an advertisement, say so. If you have been referred to an employer by someone, say
“___________ recommended that I contact you.” If you are writing an alumni, point out your
common bond up front and state why you are contacting him or her. If you are writing to an
employer you became interested in through research, you could open with a reference to what you
found. Then describe yourself (“I am a third-year student at Sandra Day O’Connor College of Law
at Arizona State University with a strong interest in the cutting edge patent law that is your firm’s
specialty.”)
Second Paragraph: The second paragraph establishes your value to the employer. Show the
employer how your past experiences have prepared you to do great work for them. To be effective,
you must have done research so that you are familiar with the employer’s areas of practice, client
base, and other relevant factors. Your letter should demonstrate to the employer that you are
familiar with their needs and illustrate how your school and work background make you a good fit.
If you have a strong connection to the employer’s geographic location, show this. For example, if
you are applying to a criminal law firm, this would be the place to highlight specific criminal law
courses you’ve taken or the fact that you worked as an investigator for a public defender prior to
law school. Be careful not to simply repeat your resume. Focus on those items on your resume that
establish how your transferable skills will be of use to this employer.
Third Paragraph: The third paragraph states what you want to happen next. Let the employer know
you are available for an interview at their convenience. If you are writing to an out-of-town
employer, indicate when you will next be in the area.
Sincerely,
Signature (BE SURE TO SIGN ALL YOUR LETTERS)
30
Sample 1 December 12, 20__ Ms. Jeanne E. Cole-Amos
Assistant Director of Personnel & Planning
Office of the Attorney General
900 East Main Street
Richmond, VA 23219
Dear Ms. Cole-Amos:
My interest in practicing law in the DC area following graduation has prompted me to apply for a
position in the Attorney General’s Office for the Summer 20__. I have enclosed my application
materials for your review.
My background and interests are well-suited to the work conducted by your office generally, and
the Civil Law Division in particular. As an undergraduate, I learned about the trial process through
my work as a counselor and student judge for the University Judiciary Committee. I enjoyed
interviewing and preparing witnesses for hearings, analyzing the facts of cases, and drafting
opinions. I have continued to develop my research and writing skills through my pro bono project
with the Arizona Community Legal Services.
I will be in Virginia from December 23 to January 2, and would welcome the opportunity to speak
to you about a position as a summer intern in the Office of the Attorney General. I will call your
office later this month to see if an interview might be arranged during that time. Thank you for
your consideration.
Sincerely,
John Q. Student
John Q. Student
31
Sample 2
August 23, 20__
Ms. Denise Jones
Center for Law in the Public Interest
One East Camelback, Suite 1300
Phoenix, AZ 85004
Dear Ms. Jones:
Your advertisement for a summer legal intern in the December issue of the Arizona Bar Journal is
of great interest to me because… (Expound on the reason why YOU are interested in this particular
law firm). I am a second-year student at the Sandra Day O’Connor College of Law at Arizona State
University and intend to pursue a public interest practice.
As my enclosed resume illustrates, I have a strong background in the areas of employment
discrimination and civil rights and this year I am representing the plaintiff in a gender-based
employment discrimination claim in the College of Law Sexual Discrimination Clinic. Last
summer, my work with the Los Angeles public interest firm of Dobrovir & Knoll gave me
experience in civil liberties, equal employment, and government corruption cases. These
experiences strengthened my research, writing, and client counseling skills and have given me
valuable experience. I believe that my record reflects my commitment to public interest work and
has prepared me to make a substantial contribution to the Center.
I am available for an interview at any time and can be contacted at the above address, phone
number, and email address. I look forward to speaking with you.
Sincerely,
(Written signature)
Ryan Baker
Enclosure
32
Sample 3 – Applying Out of Area
August 23, 20__
Mr. Jonathan Wilson
Olson & Wilson
1045 Pomerado Road
San Diego, CA 92131
Dear Mr. Wilson:
John Watson recommended I contact you regarding employment opportunities with your firm. I
am a third year student at the Sandra Day O’Connor College of Law at Arizona State University,
however, I plan to return home to California upon graduation. Olson & Wilson’s extensive tax
practice is particularly interesting to me.
My financial and accounting background should allow me to make an immediate contribution to
your tax department. Prior to entering law school, I worked as a certified public accountant with
Coopers & Lybrand. In this position, I gained familiarity with financial statement analysis,
accounting standards, and tax laws. I have expanded this base of knowledge in law school by
completing four tax courses. In addition, my work with Kotter & Smith, a Phoenix law firm
specializing in tax law, has provided me with the opportunity to interview clients, research and
draft memoranda regarding tax issues, and attend meetings with IRS staff. I believe that this
combination of skills and experience would make me an asset to your firm.
I have enclosed my resume for your consideration. I will be in San Diego from March 10
through March 15, and would appreciate an opportunity to meet with you. I will contact you
next week to see if a meeting can be arranged at your convenience.
Sincerely,
(Written signature)
Erin Scott
Enclosure
33
August 23, 20__
Katherine Jones, Esq.
Jones & Smith, LLC
9999 California Road
Phoenix, AZ 85006
Dear Ms. Jones:
In response to the summer associate position posted with Sandra Day O’Connor College of Law
at Arizona State University, I am submitting my resume for review. I am a second year law
student with a strong background in customer service, business, and sales. I have enjoyed living
in Phoenix the last few years and I intend to stay in the area and build a practice here after
graduation.
A position with Jones & Smith, LLC is well suited to my diverse interests in law, and will give
me an opportunity to experience firsthand what a career as an attorney with a distinguished firm
entails, as well as the mentorship and guidance of its talented professional attorneys. My legal
skills and interests will allow me to successfully contribute to the summer associate program. I
enjoyed my legal writing classes, where I learned the importance of thorough research and
attention to detail in writing. I applied those same research and writing skills this summer as an
extern for the Maricopa County Office of the Public Advocate. For example, as an extern, I
conducted legal research and drafted a lengthy memorandum regarding possible appellate
arguments in a parental rights severance matter. This project provided me with the opportunity
to conduct extensive Westlaw research on Arizona case law and analyze the fact pattern against
published decisions. I was tasked with drafting a memorandum that clearly explained complex
constitutional and family law and that provided recommendations as to the parents’ likelihood of
success on appeal. In addition to legal research, I also drafted a Response in Objection to
Motion to Suspend Visitation, an Initial Disclosure Statement, a Motion to Dismiss, demand
letters, and multiple communications to the clients. Each assignment focused on effective
writing that provided thorough explanation of the law and thoughtful analysis.
I have many years experience working in a professional atmosphere and have a strong,
committed work ethic. I am not afraid to undertake new challenges, and I look forward to the
opportunity to learn new things, which I do quickly and eagerly. Thank you for taking the time
to review my applications materials, and I look forward to hearing from you.
Sincerely, Jane Doe
34
August 23, 20__
Harry Potter, Esq.
Potter & Granger, PLLC
9999 Hogwarts Road
Phoenix, AZ 85006
Dear Mr. Potter: I am very interested in the summer associate position at Potter & Granger, PLLC. I am second-year law student at Arizona State University with a strong background in analytics and problem solving. I intend to develop a commercial litigation practice in Phoenix upon graduation, but I would like the opportunity to experience a wide variety of legal issues before narrowing my practice. This summer I worked as an associate for the Voldemort Law Firm where I had the opportunity to refine my legal researching and writing skills. I worked on projects ranging from bankruptcy to trademark infringement, drafting a variety of documents including memorandums and complaints. I have found the work to be exciting, challenging, and extremely enjoyable. I look forward to continuing to improve over the next year and I would be an extremely productive summer associate at Potter & Granger, PLLC. Thank you for your time and consideration, and I would welcome the opportunity to interview or answer any questions you might have. Sincerely, Ron Weasley Ronald Weasley
35
August 23, 20__
John Jones, Esq.
The Jones Law Firm
9999 Jones Road
Phoenix, AZ 85006
Dear Mr. Jones:
The Jones Law Firm’s extensive family law practice is of great interest to me because I intend to
practice family law in Phoenix upon graduating from the Sandra Day O’Connor College of Law
at Arizona State University. I am currently a first year law student, and I have a strong
background in customer service, conflict resolution, and human resources. Please consider my
application materials, enclosed, in response to the advertisement for immigration project work
this summer.
My background as the assistant manager of Yummy Restaurant has provided me with the skills
to successfully manage any legal project. As the assistant manager, I trained new employees on
restaurant policies and practices, oversaw scheduling of all employees, and ran the daily
operations of the restaurant. This taught me how to effectively manage people’s expectations
and to respond calmly and appropriately to stressful situations. I gained the confidence to
effectively solve any problem and manage any assigned task. In addition to these job skills, I
also regularly interacted with customers and learned the value of excellent customer service and
people skills. I would utilize these skills, in addition to the legal skills that I learned during my
first year of law school, to undertake any project that The Jones Law Firm would give me.
Thank you for considering my application materials and I look forward to hearing from you.
Sincerely, James Doe
36
Networking
What is Networking?
“Networking” is sometimes, referred to as “Informational Interviewing” or
“Research Interviewing”, but whatever it is called, the process of networking is
a new way of looking at relationships. By networking, you learn how
relationships are woven into the fabric of your life and how they support you as
well as how you support and are connected to others.
Networking is not a one-time meeting to take advantage of another person.
It’s important to see it as a long-term association with others where you will be
able to assist them as much as they can provide assistance to you. Networking
is not a panacea that will solve all your problems. Through networking you will
be giving and receiving information, referrals and support. Networking can
only complement the skills and training you already have.
There are two goals of networking: 1) to be remembered and 2) to be
referred.
The best way to achieve these goals is to arrange face-to-face meetings. Don’t
conduct these appointments over the telephone if you can help it. It is so much
easier for a person to remember you and get a more positive impression of you
if you are sitting right there in front of them. And they will be much more
willing to refer you to other people if they have a better sense of who you are.
Remember: ask for only 15 to 20 minutes of their time and keep to both your
time schedule and your agenda.
There is no one concrete technique for networking.
The bottom line is that whatever works, use it. The most successful networkers
are those who are committed and treat the job search itself as a job. If you are
unemployed and looking for work, set aside a specific period of time every
week to develop networking contacts. Networking can help you keep your
momentum up when you feel stymied.
Some final thoughts about networking.
Since you will be discussing shared interests during these meetings, you will
find them to be quite enjoyable. If you find any part difficult for you to tackle,
do some further reading on networking and/or talk to Career Services. You will
then be able to develop alternative angles from which you can approach the
process of networking.
37
Give networking the time and energy it deserves when organizing your job
search strategies. It will pay off for you in the long run.
With whom should I network?
Join professional organizations such as the Young Lawyer’s Division of the
Maricopa County Bar, the Arizona Women Lawyers, and particular bars. You
know lots of people — relatives, neighbors, friends, fellow students, and the
people you bump into every day who would qualify as contacts. These people
are your “primary network”, they are the eyes and ears you need to learn of job
openings. Although lawyers are a natural contact, don’t overlook all of the
other people you know. Talk to them — one of them may know of a job
opening or know of someone who knows of an opening.
Who are your contacts?
There are two types of contacts: 1) people you know directly and 2) people you
have never met personally. Obviously it is much easier to start this process with
those people that you do know. Then you ask those individuals for other names
to whom they can refer you. If you review your own address book you will find
that you can easily make a list of 100 people whom you can initially contact for
information.
Adapted from @Vecchio & Associate Career Consultants material.
38
Practical Networking Tips
Effective networking – using a contact’s name as an introduction for
informational interviewing and in targeted mailings, gives you an edge on the
competition. Fall, winter, and spring breaks are the ideal time to set up
informational interviews.
With pre-planning, persistence, and practice, networking can become a
comfortable process. Once your mind starts thinking “networking,”
opportunities will develop without even trying.
If calling on acquaintances for suggestions and introductions isn’t an easy
technique for you to use, try building a network of people with whom you are
comfortable. Make a list of 25 to 30 friends, family or business associates with
whom you enjoy talking. They do not have to work within the legal
community. You simply want to ask them if they know someone who might be
in a position to help you.
Organize your contacts by dividing their names into primary and secondary
categories. Start with the list of primary names and contact each to set up a
short personal meeting. Remember the primary rule of networking, NEVER
ASK FOR A JOB, ALWAYS ASK FOR SUGGESTIONS. DON’T ASK FOR
FAVORS, ALWAYS ASK FOR ADVICE.
You can call or write a letter for a networking appointment, keep the
introductory statement short. If you are calling, avoid giving too much detail
over the phone. Your goal is to obtain a face-to-face meeting in an office where
you can take notes and where your contacts will have an address book. During
the actual meeting, keep your interview brief and to the point. Be prepared to
manage the interview. Strive for a conversational monologue. Don’t offer your
resume unless it’s requested, but be sure to have several copies with you.
A recommended format for networking interview is to:
Extend your appreciation for the interview
Give a brief summary of your background and skills.
Explain the purpose of your meeting.
Describe the type of position you are looking for, ask the contact if he or
she knows anyone in those firms.
Get your contacts input, ask if you are missing any markets for your
skills and background.
Ask for two to five new names for future networking contacts.
Be specific about what you want from each contact. Don’t beat around the bush
or be vague and waste the allotted time with your contact. As soon as an
appropriate opening develops, start asking the questions which you have
prepared.
39
Keep your network growing. Each time you meet a new contact, ask for the
names of other people who would be able to offer advice. Ask if you can use
their names when you write or call other contacts. You can network over the
phone or by letter, but you should always try for face-to-face meetings
whenever possible. Always follow up with a letter thanking your contact for the
time and information shared with you.
Organize your time carefully and keep records of your contacts. You can also
use 3x5 index cards or a computer format. Set daily and weekly goals for
yourself in terms of the number of telephone calls and networking meetings.
Then be persistent until you have achieved your goals. Remember you are
trying to obtain a face-to-face meeting with each call you make or letter you
send out.
Rehearse what you plan to say and the questions you plan to ask. Try using a
tape recorder or role-playing with a friend or colleague, write out a tentative
script and practice until you can conduct a relaxed enthusiastic meeting. Your
goal is to present yourself in a confident, friendly, assertive manner.
Letter of Introduction
You may choose to send a networking letter first, which is typically a more
prudent approach to take; then call to ask for 20 minutes of time for advice. Do
not put pressure on the contact to find you a job or to interview you. That may
be a long-term result, but at this juncture, an informative conversation should be
your objective.
The approach letter may be one such as the following:
Bob Smith suggested I contact you about my interest in career
opportunities in environmental law (or the legal community in Phoenix, etc.). I
am a graduate (or x-year student) of Sandra Day O’Connor College of Law with
experience in…
[Your next paragraph should tell something about your background. Include
your prior work experience, current situation, skills, interests, academic history,
connection to the geographic region, etc.]
As I begin to shape my legal career, I hope to benefit from the
knowledge and experience of others in (the field) who might advise me of
opportunities for someone with my qualifications. I would appreciate the
opportunity to meet with you for 20 minutes for your guidance. I will call your
office next week to see if we can schedule a meeting.
I look forward to discussing my plans with you.
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Telephone Call
Prepare a script so you can clearly and succinctly introduce yourself and
articulate your needs. This is better known as your “Elevator Pitch” which is a
short, detailed, 15-30 second description of who you are, what you hope to
accomplish with your job search, and something about your strengths, skills and
experiences.
You must also be prepared to answer the following: Why have you
chosen this particular person to contact over all the other possibilities? More
importantly, what specifically do you want to find out from that person? These
types of questions will help you to clarify our objectives in networking before
you call or write contacts and will increase your success in arousing the
contacts’ interest in consenting to meet with you. You must be prepared to say
more than “I am looking for a job and was wondering if you know of any
openings.” You may try something like this instead:
Hello, my name is Courtney Grimes and I’m a second-year law student
at the Sandra Day O’Connor College of Law at ASU. I’m very interested in
personal injury law. Trial practice has always been fascinating to me and I did
very well in my trial advocacy class last semester, and I was wondering if you
had 20 minutes to spend with me sometime soon to tell me about the work you
do?
Remember, do not exert pressure on this person to find you a job. The objective
is to arrange for an in-person meeting to unearth information about the contact
and his/her job experience, area practice, career options, and strategies.
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REQUESTING A NETWORKING APPOINTMENT
The following guide outlines a model request for a networking appointment. A letter such as
the one prepared here may be sent when you cannot make a direct telephone call. Try to keep
your conversation or letter brief so that you may carry out the majority of your networking
interview in person.
September, 13, 20__
Eliza Elliot
Heath, Rogers & Associates
2000 South Hill Road
Phoenix, AZ 85016
Dear Ms. Elliot:
During a recent conversation with our mutual friend, Jane Jenson, of the Smith & Smith law firm, she
suggested that it would be helpful for me to speak with you.
I am currently exploring new career opportunities (a summer position; a permanent associate
position). Jane (or Ms. Jenson) did not suggest that you know of any specific job openings or that I
would be fortunate enough to find anything appropriate in your organization, but she did say that a
person in your position (that you are the kind of person who) would consider spending a short time
with me and that your advice would be valuable.
At this point, I frankly do not know the exact title of my next position (which organization would be
able to best utilize my legal skills), but I am certain of what I have to offer and the abilities I will
bring to that job. My current problem is in understanding how I might match my abilities with the
needs of an organization in a field such as yours with which I am not sufficiently familiar.
That is how Jane (or Ms. Jenson) thinks (believes) you can be helpful to me: by chatting with me
briefly at your office at a time which will be convenient to you. I will very much appreciate this
opportunity to speak with you and will call your office to see when it might fit into your calendar.
Sincerely yours,
(Written signature)
Jane Doe
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TIPS ON FOLLOW-UP & THANK YOU LETTERS
This letter is the most important – yet one of the least used tools in a job search. It is used to
establish goodwill, to express appreciation, and/or to strengthen your candidacy. The basic rule
of thumb is that everyone who helps you in any way needs to receive a thank-you letter. When
used to follow up on employment interviews, thank-you letters should be addressed to the same
person you sent an application to as well as to your interviewers. Also, be sure to send thank-you
letters to your contacts who granted you informational interviews and to people who served as
your references. Make your letters warm and personal and use them as an opportunity to
reemphasize your strongest qualifications; reiterate your interest in a position; provide
supplemental information not previously given; draw attention to the good match between your
qualifications and the job requirements; and/or express your sincere appreciation.
Every interview, whether informational or a job interview, should be followed
immediately (within 24 hours) by a personal letter. It is a common courtesy to thank
someone who gives you time and attention.
It reminds the potential employer of you, your skills, and your enthusiasm. The employer
may need to be reminded for two reasons: 1) It is very difficult for an interviewer to
remember each candidate in detail after speaking with the pool of 15 to 20 (or more)
individuals in a day, and 2) If this is an office visit, you may be forgotten in the vast array
of activities he or she attended to that day.
The letter is an opportunity to again present pertinent or helpful information about
yourself that you may have omitted from oversight, lack of time, etc.
It can be used to correct any misunderstandings or other unfortunate circumstances which
occurred during your interview.
Your letter can tactfully remind an employer of any promises made to you such as a
second interview, interviews with others in the organization, future interest in assisting
you, etc.
It may serve to further a networking contact or professional relationship between the two
of you which may help you later in your job campaign, or even after you are employed.
And, since Success in the working world is often predicated on people contacts, you may
find yourself assisting the other person at some point in the near future.
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SAMPLE THANK YOU & FOLLOW UP LETTERS
Form
Date
Name of interviewer
Inside address
City, State Zip Code
Dear Ms. Smith:
(Paragraph 1) Remind the interviewer of the position for which you were interviewed, as well as
the date and place of the interview. It is always courteous to express your thanks and/or
appreciation.
(Paragraph 2) Confirm your interest in the opening and in the organization. Highlight your
qualifications and slant them toward the various points that the interviewer considered important
for the job. If you have done anything since the interview which demonstrates your interest in the
position, such as talks with alumni, faculty, research with people or in the library, etc., be sure to
mention it.
(Paragraph 3) Include any information not presented before to supplement your resume,
application letter, and the interview. You may have completed a research paper or project, or
perhaps you have received some kind of recognition. If travel, location, or a similar subject was
stressed during the interview, be sure to confirm your willingness to comply with these
conditions.
(Paragraph 4) Close with a suggestion for further action, such as a desire to visit the employer’s
place of business or to have additional interviews at a mutually agreeable place and time. It often
helps to end the letter with a request for a prompt response.
Very truly yours,
(Your signature)
Full name, typed
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Sample
October 29, 20__
Ms. Carol Young
Piper, Hamilton & Young
3535 K Street, N.W.
Washington, DC 20056
Dear Ms. Young:
Thank you for taking the time to talk with me last Friday, October 27. I enjoyed meeting with
you to discuss the summer associate program at your firm. Please extend my appreciation to
Harold Piper and Mary Smith, with whom I also met that day and to Carl Jones for talking to me
during my on-campus interview with your firm.
I am enthusiastic about the possibility of a summer position with Piper, Hamilton & Young
because of my strong interest in international law. I enjoyed discussing international trade issues
with you and was interested to learn about your work with several Japanese companies. I believe
that I possess the research and writing skills that you are seeking in a summer associate and feel
that I would be an asset to your program.
If I may provide you with any additional information, please do not hesitate to contact me. I
look forward to hearing from you.
Sincerely,
(Written signature)
John Q. Student
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SAMPLE ACCEPTANCE LETTER Use this letter to accept a job offer and to confirm the terms of your employment (salary,
starting date, medical insurance, etc.). Most often, an acceptance letter follows a telephone
conversation during which the details of the offer and the terms of employment are discussed.
The letter confirms your acceptance of the offer, expresses your appreciation for the
opportunity, and positively reinforces the employer's decision to hire you.
April 20, 20__
Name of contact & title
Company or firm name
Company or firm address
Dear ___________:
I am writing to confirm my acceptance of your employment offer of April 16, and to tell you
how delighted I am to be joining _______________. The work is exactly what I have
prepared for and hoped to do. I feel confident that I can make a significant contribution to the
firm and am grateful for the opportunity you have given me.
As we discussed, I will report to work after the Bar exam on _____________. Additionally, I
shall complete all employment and insurance forms for the new employee orientation on May
22.
I look forward to working with you and your fine firm. I appreciate your confidence in me
and am very happy to be joining your staff.
Sincerely,
(Written signature)
Suzanne Q. Chapstick
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SAMPLE WITHDRAWAL LETTER Once you accept a position, you have an ethical obligation to inform all other employers with
whom you are negotiating that you have been offered a position and to withdraw your
employment application from consideration. Your withdrawal letter should express
appreciation for the employer's consideration and courtesy. It may be appropriate to state that
your decision to go with another organization was based on having better person-job fit for
this stage in your career. Do not say that you obtained a better job.
April 20, 20__
Name of contact & Title
Company or Firm Name
Company or Firm Address
Dear _________:
I am writing to inform you that I am withdrawing my application for the associate position
with your firm. As I indicated in my interview with you, I have been exploring several
employment possibilities. This week I was offered an associate position with a local firm and,
after careful consideration, I decided to accept it. The position provides a very good match
for my interests at this point in my career.
I want to thank you very much for interviewing and considering me for your position. I
enjoyed meeting you and learning about the innovative programs you are planning.
_______________ is an outstanding firm, and I wish you and your staff well.
Sincerely,
(Written signature)
Heather Ferguson
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SAMPLE REJECTION LETTER Employers are not the only ones to send rejection letters. Candidates may have to decline
employment offers that do not fit their career objectives and interests. Rejecting an
employment offer should be done thoughtfully. Indicate that you have carefully considered
the offer and have decided not to accept it. Also, be sure to thank the employer for the offer
and for consideration of you as a candidate.
April 20, 20__
Mr. Carl Santos
Santos & Santos
1700 Colonial Parkway
Williamsburg, VA 23176
Dear Mr. Santos:
Thank you very much for offering me the position of associate with your firm. I appreciate
your discussing the details of the position with me and giving me time to consider your offer.
I enjoyed the time I spent and the members of your firm that I met. There are many aspects of
the position which are very appealing to me. However, I believe it is in our mutual best
interest that I decline your kind offer. This has been a difficult decision for me, but I believe
it is the appropriate one for my career at this time.
I want to thank you for the consideration and courtesy given to me. It was a pleasure meeting
you and your fine staff.
Sincerely,
(Written signature)
Jean Smith
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WRITING SAMPLE TIPS
Choose a writing sample that demonstrates your legal research and analysis skills in a
clear, concise, and coherent writing style.
As you gain more legal experience, you will have a number of examples of your writing
from which to choose. When possible, choose a writing sample that addresses a topic of
interest to your prospective employer so think about your audience.
Your writing sample should include citations to cases and/or statutes.
Possible writing samples include memoranda, briefs, course papers, or Law Journal
articles.
Your writing sample should be between 5-10 pages in length; be in finished form (no
typos, no corrections, no handwritten notes or grading marks); and be on white paper.
Prepare a cover sheet for the writing sample indicating when and for what purpose it was
written. If the writing was done in cooperation with others, clearly identify your
contributions.
If you use work product from a job, obtain permission from your supervising attorney.
Demonstrate your concern for client confidentiality by masking names in internal
memoranda. This is not necessary in briefs or other pleadings that have been filed with a
court, since they are matters of public record.
Re-read your writing sample before an interview because the interviewer may wish to
discuss it with you. Don’t be surprised if an interviewer asks you to summarize your
writing sample in an interview. If you were not required to submit a writing sample
during the application phase, be sure to take one with you to the interview.
Do not believe that employers do not read writing samples. Some firms use the writing
sample to make the final decision as to which candidate should receive an offer.
Most Legal Research and Writing Professors allow students to contact them regarding the
selection of writing sample and general tips on strengthening their writing. If you want to
work with a LR&W Professor in this way, be sure to give him/her amply notice prior to
your application deadline. Writing professors will not edit writing samples.
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WRITING SAMPLE BASICS (Developed by Yale Law School Career Development Office)
When is a Writing Sample Necessary?
If you are sending your resume to employers, you should only include a writing sample if
specifically requested. Most law firms and public interest organizations do not want writing
samples at the initial stage of the application process. However, nearly all judges require a
writing sample with the initial clerkship application materials. Many public sector employers
will request a writing sample after they determine that they are interested in hiring you. While
some law firms will request a writing sample at that time as well, others never request one.
When signing up for employers during the Fall Interview Program, you can check the RIPS
website to see if the employer has requested that you bring a writing sample to the initial
interview. Very few employers make that request. However, if you have a writing sample ready,
you may wish to bring it to your interviews in case it is requested during the interview.
Even if a writing sample is not specifically required, you should realize that your cover letter,
resume, and every piece of paper you submit will be viewed as a writing sample. Everything
should be technically perfect – no spelling or grammatical errors – and as well-written as you can
make it.
What is an Appropriate Writing Sample?
Legal employers would rather see legal analysis; something like a memo or brief is preferred
over a research paper, and something on a legal topic is preferable to a non-legal paper. The
ultimate criterion, however, is the quality of the writing; if you are convinced that no legal
memorandum or brief comes close to the quality of one of your research papers, choose your
best writing. In addition, less outside editing is better, which is why previously published pieces
are not automatically at the top of the list. Remember, if you are using document prepared for
prior employer, you must get the employer’s permission and make sure you have made all
necessary modifications and redactions to preserve client confidentiality.
The topic of the writing sample is not much of a concern for law firms. Public interest
organizations naturally would be more interested in something written about the area of their
work. It offers an additional indication of the applicant’s interest in the subject; however, a
writing sample on a different topic is not disqualifying (and legal employers recognize that first-
year law students have limited choices for writing samples). Judges also generally don’t care
about the topic of the sample.
Most first-year students use one of the writing projects prepared for their small section. Because
these assignments often contain forced limitations (the type of research you are allowed to
conduct, the side of the argument you are required to take, etc.), it is a good idea to provide an
explanation of those limitations on a cover sheet to your writing sample.
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How Long Should the Writing Sample Be?
Although there is no definitive ideal length for a writing sample, 5-10 pages typically serves the
purpose of demonstrating your writing ability. If all of your potential writing samples are
much longer, consider using an excerpt (e.g., one argument from a longer brief) and providing a
brief explanatory note.
How Should I Package It?
Create a cover sheet for your writing sample. It can have a simple heading-just your name
centered at the top of the page and “Writing Sample” centered underneath it. You can use your
cover sheet to give any necessary background information about your writing sample. For class
assignments, give the name of the class and a brief description of the assignment. If you were
assigned to a specific side or you had specific restrictions placed on your research (e.g., not
permitted to use Lexis or Westlaw, or confined to designated cases), you should explain them. If
you are excerpting from a longer document, add whatever background is necessary to make the
excerpt understandable. If you are using a document prepared for a former employer, explain that
you have obtained the employer’s permission and made all necessary modifications. The typical
cover sheet explanation is two paragraphs; do not exceed one page. You do not need to use
“resume-grade” paper for your writing sample or cover sheet.
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TIPS ON ONLINE ETIQUETTE
Email: Email communication is only appropriate for communicating with potential employers if the
job announcement or website indicates you do so, otherwise, apply by mail. All documents
including the cover letter should be sent as attachments to the email, not cut and pasted into the
email! The email language should be brief and professional.
To the Recipient:
When writing email correspondence to employers, think like the person who will be receiving
your email. Your subject line and content all have to be clear, professional, and appropriate for
your recipient. Failure to do so may get your email deleted or ignored.
Salutation:
It is important to use the appropriate salutation when addressing the recipient.
Never assume a woman’s marital status. Use “Ms.” rather than “Miss.” or “Mrs.”
If you are uncertain about the gender of the person, check with the Career Services office
and try to research the firm to see if you can learn anything. If you are still unsure, call the
firm and be honest. “I’m writing a letter to Taylor McDonald. I have not had the
opportunity to meet Taylor McDonald and I want to properly address Taylor McDonald,
can you advise me?”
If a name is not given, “Dear Madam or Sir:” is appropriate.
Content:
Keep your correspondence professional. Use a business-like writing style. Stay clear, concise,
and to the point. The same rules of hard-copy correspondence apply to employment emails.
Online Applications:
Tailor your application information to the position. Don’t copy and paste a generic resume
or cover letter.
Be sure to check the spelling and grammar of your application before submitting it. You
may want to print a hard copy to review.
Be careful when completing optional fields--weigh whether your response will improve or
hinder your chance at receiving an interview. As an example, in the case of Department of
Justice applications, Career Services has been advised that optional information can
favorably enhance an application.
Follow-up with your online application with an email to the recruiter/contact to ensure they
have received your application. A follow-up phone call is appropriate if the job posting
does not say, “No phone calls.”