results on charmonium and bottomonium
DESCRIPTION
Results on Charmonium and Bottomonium. Tom Browder (University of Hawaii). Will cover results from BESII, CLEO(-c), BaBar and Belle. Apologies: Not an expert but a backup speaker. Can only cover a small subset of interesting results in the available time. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Results on Charmonium and Bottomonium Tom Browder (University of Hawaii)
Will cover results from BESII, CLEO(-c), BaBar and Belle
Thanks: I have borrowed from talks by Pedlar, Shepard, Olsen, Muramatsu, Mussa, CZ Yuan, Skwarnicki. I have benefitted from correspondence with Soren Prell and others.
Apologies: Not an expert but a backup speaker. Can only cover a small subset of interesting results in the available time.
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Charmonium
r
mesons formed from c- and c-quarks
c-quarks are heavy: mc ~ 1.5 GeV 2mp
velocities small: v/c~1/4 (for b b, v/c ~0.1)
non-relativistic QM applies
c c
_
ErVmr
)(2
22
What is V(r) ??
S. Olsen
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“Cornell” potential
~0.1 fm
G.S.Bali hep-ph/0010032
“confining”large distance
component
slope~1GeV/fm
1/r “coulombic”short distance
component
c cr
V(r)
2 parameters:slope & intercept
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Charmonium spectrum
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1-- Charmonium states
J/’
D-meson + anti-D meson mass threshold
”
“narrow”(~100KeV)
e+
e-
Directly accessible via e+e- annihilation
(e+e-hadrons)
“narrow”(~300KeV)“wide”(~25 MeV) ” DD decay
channel is openDD)25MeV
(4
040)
(4
160)
(4
415)
Important BES contribution to R
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(3770), (4040), (4160), (4415)In 1998 and 1999, BES scanned 91 energy pointsbetween 2 and 5 GeV to determine R.
Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 594 (2000) and 88, 101802, (2002).
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Results from the new R analysis (2007)
hep-ex: 0705.4500
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Resonance parameters (PLB660, 315 (2008))
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BESII : J/ 2001 – 58 M; CLEO-c: (2S) 2006 -27 M
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
MarkIII DM2 BESI BESII
CLEO-c has CsI(Tl) crystals, BESII does not but BESIII will .
Current J/ and (2S) Samples (×106)Note: B( ψ(2S)->+-J/ψ)~32% one can tag J/ψ events very cleanly and efficiently.
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Inclusive photon signal for ψ’γ ηc
B(ψ(2S)->γ ηc (1S)) = (4.32+-0.16+-0.60)*10^-3B(J/ ψ->γ ηc (1S)) = (1.98+-0.09+-0.30)%
B(J/ ψ->γ ηc (1S))/B( ψ(2S)->γ ηc (1S)) = 4.59+-0.23+-0.64.
arXiv:0805.0252
Renormalize ηc
BF scale
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Signal for J/ψγηc
Discrepancy between ηc properties (especially
widths) in different processes is unresolved.
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P-wave states Gamma energy spectrum from ’ X decays
Gaiser et al (Crystal Ball) PRD 34 711
accessible via E1 transitions from ’
23S1 (’)13P2 (c2) 17 keV
23S1 (’)13P1 (c1) 24 keV
23S1 (’)13P0 (c0) 24 keV
13P2 (c2) 13S1(J/) 420 keV
13P1 (c1) 13S1(J/) 290 keV
13P0 (c0) 13S1(J/) 120 keV
E1 Transition Partial width
Calculable from”1st prin
ciples”
Good agreement with
measurements
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Hadronic transitions
(’J/) 70 keV“allowed”
(”J/) 50 keV“allowed”
(’J/) 5 keVallowed
(’J/) 0.3 keVisospin violating
“reasonable” agreement between
measurement & th
eory
c.f. Kuang & Yan PRD 41 155
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ψ0 hc0γ ηc
CLEO 2005 +2007 update Belle 2002
Charmonium table below D Dbar threshold is complete
The hcand ηc(2S) have been observed
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Recent results on non-exotic charmonia
13D1 13P1 11P0
seen by CLEO, Phys.Rev.D74:031106,2006.
(meas) = 75 18 keV(theor) ~59-77 keV
11P1 (hc) found by CLEOhep-ex/0508037properties as expected
23P2 found by Bellehep-ex/0507033properties as expected
21S0 (ηc(2S)) found by BelleS.K.Choi et al PRL 89 102001
properties as expected
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The old “missing states” (hc and ηc(2S)) have now been observed
May 1, 2003
The potential model for (ccbar) charmonium mesons is robust and reliable.
Declare victory
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K*K
ρπ
MARK-II
Old unsolved mystery
Problems with strong decays of charmonium
X-H Mo et al, review in hep-ph/06011214 (>10 proposals)
RosnerOne possible explanation
W. S Hou’s idea, glueball-J/ψ mixing, seems to be ruled out
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’ Baryon Anti-baryon OK First measurements by BESI, remeasure BR with BESII
data sample.
pp-bar
ΛΛ-bar
ΣΣ-bar
’ pp
’ ΛΛ pπ-pπ+
’ Σ0 Σ0
pπ-pπ+ ΞΞ-bar’ Ξ- Ξ+
p2π-p2π+
Consistent with “12% rule”.
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Bottomonium Data Samples
~14.4fb-1 on the Y(2S)Belle 2.9 fb-1 (2006) , 11 M Y(3S) BaBar, 30.3 fb-1, ~120 M Y(3S)
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Bottomonium: Some mysteries in strong decays
“QCD Multipole Expansion”
( )mS ( )nS
What is special about the case m-n > 1 ?
'
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Most famous ancient mystery (1994-2000)
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Possible Theoretical Explanations:
High statistics data and sophisticated analysis may provide some clues (CLEO)
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The matrix element for Υ(mS)Υ(nS)
In the above, ε, ε’ are the polarization vectors of the Υ(nS), Υ(mS)
q1, q2 are the pion 4-vectors while E1, E2 are their energies in the Υ rest frames. q2 is the invariant mass of the two pions
The amplitudes A, B could be complex
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CLEO High Statistics Analysis of di-pion matrix element
M, θX
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CLEO High Statistics Analysis of di-pion matrix element
A, B are complex. B was previously neglected
C is consistent with zero (spin flip and breakdown of QCD multipole expansion not present). PRD 76, 072001
(2006)
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Belle dataBaBar data
PRD 071103 (R) 2007
Recent data for Υ(4S)Υ(1S,2S) + - Non-B Bbar decay
PRL 96 (2006) 232001
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CLEO’s first evidence for (2S)(1S) η
4( (2 ) (1 ) ) (2.31 0.74) 10BF S S
0 4( (2 ) (1 ) ) 1.6 10BF S S One candidate is found,
4.6σ
Expect this is 16% of the η mode
preliminary
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BaBar discovers Υ(4S)(1S)η
These are examples of non-B Bbar decays that have been observed by BaBar and Belle.
3( (2 ) (1 ) )(1.3 0.5) 10
( (2 ) (1 ) )
S S
S S
preliminary
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Could related transitions provide a way to discover the elusive hb or ηb ?
(3 ) (2 ) ( )b bS P (Voloshin, Mod. Phys. Lett. A 19, 2895 (2004))
0(3 ) ,b b bS h h (Godfrey, Rosner, PRD66, 014012 (2002) like CLEO’s hc search )
Two suggestions:
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Where is the ground state bottomonium ηb ?
Which Upsilon(nS) is best ? Inclusive or exclusive ? What are the
hadronic modes of the ηb ?
Tests theory and is the highest priority of the quarkonium working group (QWG)
Direct M1 transitions
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Second mystery or big problem in the field:
Where is the ηb, the ground state bottomonium state ?
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Total cross-section
Search for a Y(4260) analogue in the bottomonium sector
Y(4260) → J/ + - Is there a corresponding bb state b → (1S) + - ?
Resonant structure is rather complicated above BB threshold.
E.g. Y(10860) is commonly assumed to be a radially excited 1-- b b bound state a.k.a the Y(5S), but we do not really know that.
World wide Y(10860) data:
1985 CLEO 0.1/fb
2003 CLEO III 0.43/fb
2005 Belle 1.9/fb
2006 Belle 21.7/fb
“Searching for the bottom counterparts of X(3872) and Y(4260) via + -Υ(1S)”,
Wei-Shu Hou, PR D74, 017504 (2006) → theory inspiration
(experimental work by Kai-Feng Chen and Anatoly Sokolov)
Collected mainly for Bs physics, ≈105 Bs / fb
Use this data to measure + - Υ(1,2,3S) production at the (10860)
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Anomalous (1,2,3S) +-, (1S) +- cross sections at (5S)
(10860) decay or decay of new overlapping state Yb? Energy scan (7.9 / fb) around (10860) : compare S)
and total hadronic cross sections. Results will be ready soon.
(10860)
(2S)
(1S)
Final state
Initial state
(3S)
(2S)
(3S)
(1S)
(10860)
tot MeV (1S)+- keV
(2S) 0.032 6
(3S) 0.020 0.9
(4S) 20.5 1.8
(10860) 110 590
PRL 100, 112001, 21.7 fb-
1
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Phase space, Cahn-Brown model (B=0)
What about the dipion mass distributions for the Y(10860) ? (the state formerly known as the “Υ(5S)”)
There are hints of a low mass structure in a) and b) but statistics are low.
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Bottomonium: New Physics Potential
Suppose those precision electroweak fits are taken literally, MH~76±30 GeV.
Suppose nMSSM is correct, then there is a H and another light Higgs particle a1 (m(a1) <m(b)). Can avoid LEP limits and still have MH~100 GeV. (R. Dermisek, J. Gunion, B. McElrath)
The dominant decay mode might be:
1 1 ( )( )H a a
Difficult at a hadron collider. But could find the light Higgs (a1) in bottomonium at B or Super B Factories.
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Bottomonium: New Physics Potential (cont’d)
One motivation for BaBar’s 30 fb-1 Y(3S) run.
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Hunting dark matter or light Higgs in Υ(nS) decaysHigh precision check of lepton universality in dilepton decays Light Higgs signature
Can also search for the HYPER-CP particle using decays to aμ+ μ-
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Expect compelling results on bottomonium from BaBar (and perhaps Belle) in the near future.
BaBar’s final runKirkby
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More New Results (but not enough time to cover)
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New Measurements of Upsilon(3S) Branching Fractions (CLEO)
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New Measurements of Upsilon(3S) Branching Fractions (CLEO)
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It looks like there may be a bbversion of the Y(4260)
lurking around the (5S)
If there are bb versions of the XYZ’s, why not ss versions as well?
W.-S. Hou PRD 74, 017504 (2007)
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1-- Ys states around 2 GeV?Y(2175)f0(980)
from BaBar (confirmed by BESII)
e+e- f0(980)@ Ecm ~10.6 GeV
confirmed by BESII
M(f0(980) GeV
M.Ablikim et al (BES)PRL 100, 102003
(2008)
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Backup Slides
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The new 2007 improved results
Comparison of the updated R value and the old results in Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 (2002) 101802
Differences in R values are due to the updated resonant parameters and initial state radiative correction factor (1+obs).
preliminary
hep-ex: 0705.4500
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0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
BES
CLEO
’ Baryon antibaryon OK
BESII – CLEOccomparison
pp-bar ΛΛ-bar ΣΣ-bar ΞΞ-bar
Consistent with SU(3) symmetry.
Reduced Branching Ratios
R = Br/(π p* /s½), p* is baryonmomentum.
R’s same under SU(3) symmetry.
BES
Phys. Lett. B648, 149 (2007)
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Belle:((5S)(nS))
2S
3S4S
(4S) (1S) +
(4S)(1S)477 fb-1 from Belle
44±
8 e
vts
“(5S)”(1S)23.6 fb-1 from Belle
(1/20 times the data &
~1/10th the crosssection)
325±
20
evts
!
8 times as many events!
Belle 0710.2577
K.F. Chen et al (Belle) PRL 100, 112001 (2008)
(2 weeks ago)
is Huge!!
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Partial Widths
N.B. Resonance cross section 0.302 ± 0.015 nb at 10.87 GeV PRD 98, 052001 (2007) [Belle]
Cf (2S) (1S) ~ 6 keV (3S) 0.9 keV (4S) 1.8 keV
Assume “(5S)” = (5S)PDG value taken for (nS) properties
>100 times bigger!!
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Where is the ground state bottomonium ηb ?
Which Upsilon(nS) is best ? Inclusive or exclusive ? What are the
hadronic modes of the ηb ?
Tests theory and is the highest priority of the quarkonium working group (QWG)
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