respiration
TRANSCRIPT
Respiration
Is the oxidation of food substances with the release of energy in living cells
is
Questions
•Why do living things respire?
•How many types of respirations are there?
•What are the reactants being used during respirations?
•What are the products being released during respirations?
Why do living things respire?
Respiration
Energy
produces
for
Protein synthesis
Growth
Cell division
Muscular contractions
Active transport in cells
Transmissions of nerve impulses
How many types of respirations are there?
Respirations
Aerobic Anaerobic
What are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respirations?
consist of
Aerobic respiration
• The oxidation of food substances in the presence of oxygen with the release of a large amount of energy.
• And carbon dioxide and water are released as waste products
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Overall equation of aerobic respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + large amount of energy
glucose oxygen carbon water
dioxide
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Activity time!
Activity time!
1. Stand up
2. Do high knee lift for 3mins on the spot
3. Notice the differences in breathing in this 3mins
4. Also notice how you feel after the 3mins
Questions
• What happens to your breathing rate after some time?
• How do you feel after the exercise?
• Why do you feel this way after the exercise?
Anaerobic respiration
can occur in
Muscle cells Yeast
http://diverge.hunter.cuny.edu/~weigang/Images/12-03_buddingyeast_1.jpg
http://anatomy.iupui.edu/courses/histo_D502/D502f03/f03_labs/Lab5/s59100x.jpg
Anaerobic respiration in muscle cells
Oxygen debt
occurs due to
occurs due to
Insufficient oxygen in the muscle cells to meet the demands of vigorous muscular contractions
Oxygen debt
Extra small amount of
energy
Vigorous muscular contractions
leads to
leads to
Anaerobic respirationproduces
Lactic acidleads to
Fatigue Muscular pains
Lactic acidis removed in
Liver (during periods of rest)
converts
Lactic acid Glucose (in presence of oxygen)
•Lactic acid is oxidized to produce energy
•This energy converts remaining lactic acid to glucose
•When lactic acid is used up, oxygen debt is repaid
Anaerobic respiration in muscle cells
• The breakdown of food substances in the absence of oxygen with the release of a small amount of energy.
• And lactic acid is produced in the process.
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Overall equation of anaerobic respiration in muscle cells
C6H12O6 2C3H6O3 + small amount of energy
glucose lactic acid
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Anaerobic respiration
can occur in
Muscle cells Yeast
http://diverge.hunter.cuny.edu/~weigang/Images/12-03_buddingyeast_1.jpg
http://anatomy.iupui.edu/courses/histo_D502/D502f03/f03_labs/Lab5/s59100x.jpg
Anaerobic respiration in yeast
is also known as
Alcoholic fermentation
• The partial breakdown of glucose.
• Ethanol is produced in the process.
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Overall equation of anaerobic respiration in yeast
glucose ethanol + carbon dioxide + small amount of energy
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Normal lung
http://www.your-doctor.net/images/chest/smoking/normal_lung.jpg
Emphysema Lung cancer
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/emphysema.html#picturesdiagrams
Effects of smoking
Tobacco smokecontains
Nicotine Carbon monoxide
Heartbeat and blood pressure
risk of
Atherosclerosis and blood clotting in arteries
causes
Death if [CO] by 1%
harms human by
• Combining with haemoglobin ( O2 transport efficiency of RBC)
• fatty deposits on inner arterial wall
• Damages lining of blood vessels
harms human by
• Being an additive drug
• Causing release of adrenaline
• Making blood clot easily
which leads to inwhich
Tobacco smokecontains
Irritants Tar
which causes
• Blockage of air sacs
• gas exchange efficiency
• removal of dust particles trapped in mucus
which risk of
• Chronic bronchitis
• Emphysema
harms human by• Being carcinogenic
• Paralysing cilia lining air passages
harms human by
Paralysing cilia lining air passages
Smoking
Chronic bronchitis
increases risk of
Emphysema Lung cancer
is due to
• Inflamed epithelium lining the airways
• Excessive mucus secreted by epithelium
• Paralysed cilia
• Blocked airways
leads to
Persistent coughing and risk of lung infection
is due to
• Breaking of partition walls between the air sacs
• surface area for gaseous exchange
• Lungs inflated with air
• Lungs losing elasticity
leads to
Breathing difficulty
is
An uncontrolled division of cells producing outgrowths in the lungs