research on the social inclusion of children with … on the social inclusion of children with...

Nobody’s UnpredictableAvgust 2010.

Research on the social inclusion of children with disabilities in Montenegro

FOR:

2Inclusion of children with disabilities

© 2009 Ipsos

METHODOLOGY

Way of collecting data, field surveys done in the household respondents, “face to face“Source of data based on a representative sample of the population of Montenegro of

18 years and over The sample size was 1014 respondents Type a three-stage stratified sample, random sample, the stages:

The territory of the polling station (about 200 households) chosen with probability proportional to size - PPS

Household, selected randomly from the given address steps (simulation SPSWoR sample schemes)

Elected member of the household using Kish tables (SPSWoR sample simulation schemes)

Stratification is based on: Types of settlements - urban / rural The four geo-economic regions Post stratification based on: gender, age, type of settlement and four geo-

economic regions Field control in 12% of the sample, control logic and control consistence in 100%Data collection took place from 05 August 13th August 2010th


© 2009 Ipsos

The structure of the sample

Base: N=1014

48%52%

26%

19% 19%21%

15%

26%

46%

20%

8%

30%

17%

32%

21%

62%

38%

Mal

e

Fem

ale

18-2

9

30-3

9

40-4

9

50-6

4

65+

Prim

ary

and

low

er

Seco

ndar

y

Hig

her a

nd h

igh

Educ

atio

n in

the

Podg

oric

a

Coa

st

Wes

t

East

Urb

an

Rur

al

Gender Age Education Region Type


© 2009 Ipsos

AWARENESS ABOUT CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES


© 2009 Ipsos

The free association of children with disabilities

Base: Total target population

35%

10%

9%

6%

4%

4%

3%

3%

3%

3%

Sadness, pity, poor children

They need help, someone else'scare, helpless

Accidents, evil fate, nausea, pain

Disease, sick children

Society must be more to help, payattention

Children with absence, disorder

Disabled children

They do not have a normal life,hard life

Understanding, solidarity, humanity

Incapable of normal growth anddevelopment

First answer

40%

12%

12%

6%

5%

4%

4%

4%

3%

3%



They need help, someone else'scare, helpless



Understanding, solidarity, humanity

Children with absence, disorder

They do not have a normal life, hardlife

Disabled children

Incapable of normal growth anddevelopment

All answers

• The first association which citizens have when children with disabilities are mentioned is compassion (35%). •Among all spontaneously mentioned associations compassion is also dominant (40%), and it is followed by adversity, ill fate, anguish, suffering (12%) and helplessness (12%). •Other associations also follow similar emotional tone – children with disabilities are associated with illness, being disturbed, abnormality, vulnerability. A number of associations are directed towards recognition of need for help, showing of understanding and solidarity.


© 2009 Ipsos

The free association of children with disabilities, depending on the information

40%

44%

28%

12%

13%

9%

11%

11%

19%

6%

8%

4%

3%

6%

8%

3%

3%

2%

3%

2%

1%

1%

1%

8%

I do not know nothingor little

They knowsomething

They know a lot orvery much



They need help, alien care,helpless



The difficult situation for the family,parents

Threatened, in trouble

Someone you know (child, cousin...)

It is interesting that people who know a lot about this category of children in significantly less association with the compassion, and significantly increased their need for assistance.


© 2009 Ipsos

Terms which are referred to as children with disabilities


23%

17%

12%

10%

7%

6%

3%

3%

3%

2%

2%

2%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

7%

Disabled children

Children with disabilities

Children with special needs in the developmentof

Children, as well as other children, does notdistinguish

Retarded children / backward in the developmentof

Mentally retarded children

Children who need help

Defective children

Other answers

• Most frequently used expression in general population for such children is handicapped children (23%). o Expressions which are also widely used in population are the ones which belong to outdated terminology –

children with special needs (17%) and children with disablement (12%).o It is worth mentioning that one out of ten citizens uses the term sick children, and another 6% use

characterization poor, sorrowful, great pity.


© 2009 Ipsos

Damage and the difficulty in recognizing that children with disabilities

Multiple answers; Base: Total target population

26%

24%

14%

14%

13%

11%

8%

7%

7%

7%

7%

7%

6%

6%

6%

Physical appearance

Speaking (difficult, unintelligible ...)

Moving (problems, aggravated by walking ...)

Disability

Behavior

Blind child

Immobility, paralysis

Deaf child

Hearing

Visual impairment

Mental / psychological deficiency

Mental retardation

Gestures, movements

Deformation of the body, bodily injury

The lack of a body

•Characteristics according to which children with disabilities are most frequently recognized are physical appearance or physical handicap (40%). Frequently mentioned indicators are also difficult or unintelligible speech (24%) or problems with mobility (14%).

•Physical appearance is more relevant for persons who have children, as well as the citizens with the lowest income and those from rural settlements.


© 2009 Ipsos

Damage and the difficulty in recognizing that children with disabilities

Multiple answers; Base: Total target population

26%14%

14%8%

6%6%

5%3%

11%7%7%

7%4%

13%7%7%

5%5%

4%3%

2%

6%3%

2%

24%3%

2%

7%

Physical appearanceMoving (problems, aggravated by walking ...)

DisabilityImmobility, paralysis

Deformation of the body, bodily injuryThe lack of a body

Wheelchair / orthopedic devicesHandicap / disability

Blind childDeaf child

HearingVisual impairment

Deaf-mute child

BehaviorMental / psychological deficiency

Mental retardationMental disorder / illness

Children with special needs in the development ofAutism

Down's syndromeAggressiveness

Gestures, movementsGlance, the eyes

Face / the face / mime / face

Speaking (difficult, unintelligible ...)Mute child

Difficult communications

Do not know / No answer

Speech and Communication

Mime, gestures, movements

Intellectual deficits and mental disorders

Sensory deficits

The physical appearance and movement problems

37%*

82%*

46%*

12%*

29%*

* The percentage of people who spontaneously mentioned some of the responses within the categories of derivative


© 2009 Ipsos

7%

8%

11%

11%

11%

11%

12%

17%

17%

22%

21%

21%

25%

28%

27%

34%

32%

41%

47%

88%

86%

79%

78%

75%

74%

72%

69%

62%

61%

60%

58%

55%

49%

47%

44%

41%

32%

25%

Children who lack some part of the body

Children with permanent damage or deformation of a body part

Blind children

Deaf children

Children injured intelligence

Autistic children

Psychotic children

Extremely aggressive children

Children with severe disorders of attention

Children with speech disorders

Children with serious emotional difficulties

Children with severe damaged? Trials hearing

Children affected by AIDS virus (AIDS)

Children who suffer from leukemia

Children who suffer from hepatitis

Hyperactive children, ie. children who are overly active in situations where they shouldbe (for example, during the teaching)

Children with severe damaged? Trials of vision (glasses larger than / - 10)

Children with congenital heart defects

Children who suffer from asthma

does not belong (1+2) belongs (4+5)

In your opinion, to what extent does each of the following groups of children belong to category of children with disabilities?


© 2009 Ipsos


74 7262 61 60 58 55 49 47 44 41

3225

7 8 11 11 11 11 12 17 17 22 21 21 25 28 2734 32

41 47

7988 86

78 756981 79

68 67 64 63 5952

45 40 40 3830

21 2010 9

-9-22

Chi

ldre

n w

ho la

ck s

ome

part

of th

ebo

dy

Chi

ldre

n w

ith p

erm

anen

t dam

age

orde

form

atio

n of

a b

ody

part

Blin

d ch

ildre

n

Dea

f chi

ldre

n

Chi

ldre

n in

jure

d in

tellig

ence

Autis

tic c

hild

ren

Psy

chot

ic c

hild

ren

Extre

mel

y ag

gres

sive

chi

ldre

n

Chi

ldre

n w

ith s

ever

e di

sord

ers

ofat

tent

ion

Chi

ldre

n w

ith s

peec

h di

sord

ers

Chi

ldre

n w

ith s

erio

us e

mot

iona

ltešk

ošam

a

Chi

ldre

n w

ith s

ever

e he

arin

g di

sabi

lity

Chi

ldre

n af

fect

ed b

y AI

DS

viru

s (A

IDS

)

Chi

ldre

n w

ho s

uffe

r fro

m le

ukem

ia

Chi

ldre

n w

ho s

uffe

r fro

m h

epat

itis

Hyp

erac

tive

child

ren,

ie. c

hild

ren

who

are

over

ly a

ctiv

e in

situ

atio

ns w

here

they

sho

uld

be (f

or e

xam

ple,

dur

ing

the

Chi

ldre

n w

ith s

ever

e vi

sion

ošt

ešen

jima

(dio

pter

gre

ater

than

/ - 1

0)

Chi

ldre

n w

ith c

onge

nita

l hea

rt de

fect

s

Chi

ldre

n w

ho s

uffe

r fro

m a

sthm

a

belongs (4+5) does not belong (1+2) balance


© 2009 Ipsos


The average values ; Base: Total target population

4 ,5

4 ,3

4 ,2

4 ,2

4 ,1

4 ,1

4 ,0

3 ,9

3 ,7

3 ,7

3 ,6

3 ,5

3 ,5

3 ,4

3 ,3

3 ,2

3 ,1

2 ,9

2 ,7

C h ild r e n w h o la c k s o m e p a r t o f th e b o d y

C h ild r e n w i t h p e r s is t e n t o š t e š e n j im a o r d e fo r m a t io n o f a b o d y p a r t

B l in d c h i ld r e n

D e a f c h i ld r e n

A u t i s t i c c h i ld r e n

C h ild r e n in ju re d in te l l ig e n c e

P s y c h o t i c c h i ld r e n

E x t r e m e ly a g g re s s iv e c h i ld r e n

C h ild r e n w i t h s e v e re d is o r d e r s o f a t te n t io n

C h ild r e n w i t h s p e e c h d is o r d e r s

C h ild r e n w i t h s e r io u s e m o t io n a l d if f ic u lt ie s

C h ild r e n w i t h s e v e re h e a r in g d is a b i l i t y

C h ild r e n a ffe c te d b y A ID S v iru s (A ID S )

C h ild r e n w h o s u ffe r fro m le u k e m ia

C h ild r e n w h o s u ffe r fro m h e p a t i t isH y p e ra c t iv e c h i ld re n , ie . c h i ld r e n w h o a re o v e rly a c t iv e i n s it u a t io n s

w h e re th e y s h o u ld b e ( fo r e x a m p le , d u r in g th e te a c h in g )C h ild r e n w i t h s e v e re v is io n im p a ir m e n ts (d io p te r g re a te r th a n / - 1 0 )

a te r th a n / - 1 0 )

C h ild r e n w h o s u ffe r fro m a s th m a

• Children that are identified to the highest extent as children with disabilities (average grade 4 and more on a 5 point scale) are: children without some part of the body, or children with severe deformations, then children with sensory disorders (blind of deaf children), as well as the children with mental difficulties (autistic, children with impaired intelligence and psychotic children).

• Children that are identified to the smallest extent as children with disabilities are those who suffer from asthma (2.7), children with congenital heart defect (2.9), as well as the children with children with severe vision impairments (3.1).

• Observed in general, degree of identification of any mentioned category as children with disabilities is higher among the citizens who do not have direct experience with such children, in eastern part of the country and in rural areas.


© 2009 Ipsos

Yes68%

No32%

Do you know any child with disabilities, or someone whose child has problems of this kind ?


• Great majority of the citizens (68%) know some child with disabilities or parent of child with such or similar disabilities. •Citizens from western part of the country, as well as those with the lowest income, have somewhat more positive

experience with children with disability compared with the average. •As it was expected, personal experience and level of being informed are in positive correlation: citizens who do not

have personal experience with children with disabilities are less informed about them and vice verse.

54%

76%

90%

46%

24%

10%

I do not knownothing or little

They knowsomething

They know a lotor very much

Yes

No

Depending on the information on children with disabilities:


© 2009 Ipsos

How often do you have contacts with children with disabilities?

13%

5%

4%

11%

8%

10%

11%

11%

14%

10%

4%

Daily

Several times a week

Once a week

Several times a month

Once a month

Once in 2-3 months

Once in 6 months

Once a year

Less than once a year

I do not have any contact withchildren with disabilities

Refuses to answer

• Majority of the citizens (86%) had or have contact with children with disabilities. Majority of them realize such contact once a month or les frequently, while a total of 13% of the citizens have everyday contact with children with disabilities.

•One out of ten citizens state that they have no contact whatsoever with children with disabilities. •Citizens with the lowest level of education, those with the lowest income, as well as those from eastern part of the

country have everyday contact with children with disabilities.

20%

11%

12%

18%

12%

14%

8%

10%

10%

12%

21%

Primary and lower

Secondary

Higher and high

Do 100�

101 - 200�

More than 200�

Refuses to answer

Podgorica

Coast

West

East

Everyday links:

Educ

atio

nIn

com

e R

egio

n



© 2009 Ipsos

What is your source of information about children with disabilities?

Multiple answer; Base: Total target population

61%

47%

28%

12%

12%

4%

2%

2%

1%

From media (TV, newspapers,radio, Internet)

Through the stories I hear fromfriends, relatives, acquaintancesThrough daily experience in the

street, in shops, public transportand the like.

From local health center andhospitals

Through the stories from school,which I hear from my childrenExperience with own child who

has similar problems andinterference

I do not have any informationabout children with disabilities

Other

Refuses to answer

•Dominant source of information about children with disabilities are media (61%). However, significant percentage of the citizens are informed by other people (47%), or through experience in the street, public transport, shops (28%).

•4% of the citizens claim that their source of information about this issue is personal experience with the child who has similar difficulties.

•As expected, personal experience is a more important source of information for citizens who know some child with disabilities, while those who do not have such experience rely on media to a higher extent.


© 2009 Ipsos

All things considered, how well are you informed about the children with disabilities?

7%

38%

44%

43%

12%

9%

3%

I do not know anything aboutchildren with disabilities

I know very little about childrenwith disabilities

Sum -

I know something about childrenwith disabilities

Sum +

I know a lot about children withdisabilities

I know very much about childrenwith disabilities

•It can be concluded that citizens are generally insufficiently informed about children with disabilities – they themselves rate their knowledge with average grade 2.6 on a five point scale.

•Just slightly more than one out of ten citizens state that they know a lot about these children, while the rest are evenly distributed to those who claim that they know nothing, or very little (44%) and those who state that they know something (43%).

•Female citizens are somewhat more informed about children with disabilities, as well as highly educated citizens and citizens who have personal experience with these children.


48%

41%

49%

45%

37%

35%

64%

10%

14%

7%

12%

19%

16%

4%

Male

Female

Primary andlower

Secondary

Higher andhigh

Yes

No

Sum -Sum +

Gen

der

Educ

atio

nKn

owD

SR

M=2.6

Higher and high


© 2009 Ipsos

10%

8%

32%

17%

12%

13%

27%

10%

16%

27%

14%

17%

19%

26%

3%

9%

6%

9%

3%

7%

37%

17%

22%

41%

Podgorica

Coast

West

East

Reg

ion

Up to 3% 3.1-5%5.1-10% 10.1-20%More then 20% Do not know/Refuse

In your opinion, among children aged up to 18 years, what percentage are the children with disabilities


M=11.3%

M=12.5%

M=5.7%

18%

16%

18%

13%

6%

30%

Up to 3%

3.1-5%

5.1-10%

10.1-20%

More then20%

Do notknow/Refuse M=10.1%

• Majority of the citizens (40%) think that in population of children up to 18 years less than 10% are children with disabilities. 12% mention this percentage (which is considered as the best estimation for each population). 19% think that this percentage is higher. Almost one third of the citizens do not have a clear perception of number of children with disabilities.

•Provide the most accurate assessment of residents of the eastern regions, while this percentage is largely underestimated those from the west.


© 2009 Ipsos

ATTITUDE TOWARDS CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES


© 2009 Ipsos

I will now read you some of the existing categories of children with disabilities


N

He

lives

in th

e sa

me

settl

emen

t / s

tree

t with

yo

ur c

hild

Goe

s to

the

sam

e sc

hool

/ k

inde

rgar

ten

/ nur

sery

sc

hool

with

you

r ch

ild?

Goe

s to

the

sam

e de

part

men

t / g

roup

with

yo

ur c

hild

Soci

aliz

es /

play

s w

ith

your

chi

ld

Bes

t frie

nd w

ith y

our

child

In th

e ol

der a

ge in

em

otio

nal r

elat

ions

hip

w

ith y

our

child

In th

e ad

ult a

ge m

arrie

s w

ith y

our

child

Ref

uses

to a

nsw

er

Child with severe defect of vision 1014 75.7 56.6 51.2 48.1 34.7 08.8 07.1 02.2 Blind child 1014 77.8 48.6 43.9 40.9 29.2 03.0 01.6 04.1 Child with severe hearing impairments 1014 73.3 55.1 47.1 45.2 30.0 05.8 04.0 03.5 Deaf child 1014 75.0 45.6 39.9 38.9 25.8 02.8 01.7 05.8 Child with physical disabilities, such as permanent deformation, or lack of a body part 1014 79.1 42.7 34.9 33.1 23.3 02.5 01.3 05.8

Child has difficulties to move or are completely bedridden 1014 75.5 42.6 35.3 34.3 24.6 02.0 00.9 05.6

Child suffers from some chronic disease which is not communicable, such as asthma, heart defect, hemophilia, leukemia and other

1014 73.1 48.8 41.2 35.7 27.7 03.1 02.0 03.4

Child suffers from some chronic diseases that is communicable, such as AIDS, hepatitis and other 1014 70.3 21.3 12.9 11.9 07.8 00.3 00.1 19.6

Intellectual deficiencies and impairments, such as low intelligence, autism, serious attention disorders, persistent difficulties in learning, and the like

1014 73.4 36.6 27.6 22.7 13.9 01.1 00.7 08.1

Child with severe emotional disorders, such as childhood neurosis, psychosis, emotional changes caused by neurological damage

1014 67.9 29.1 19.0 13.0 08.3 00.7 00.1 15.9

Child with severe disorders of socialization, such as hyperactive, aggressive or other socially unacceptable behavior

1014 71.1 30.3 20.2 14.8 09.3 01.5 00.3 11.1

Child with speech disorders 1014 74.8 48.9 40.9 38.6 28.2 05.4 05.1 02.2 •Observed in general, citizens of Montenegro express a big social distance towards children with disabilities. On the average,

total degree of social closeness towards this group is 34.5%, but it is not the same towards all categories of children with disabilities.

•Social distance is even more pronounced among citizens who are less informed about children with disabilities, and among those who do not know such children. Bigger social distance is expressed by citizens with the lowest education, those with the lowest income, and citizens from coastal and eastern regions.

•Citizens who are the best informed about children with disabilities and who have personal experience with such children express smaller social distance towards these children. The same holds true for highly educated citizens, citizens from the capital and western part of the country, as well as the oldest citizens (above 65 years of age).


© 2009 Ipsos

Social distance towards different categories of DSR - acceptance


56,6

34,7

8,87,1

29,2

3,0

45,2

30

5,84

46

39

26

2

33,1

2,5 1,3

27,7

3,1

70,3

21,3

12,9 11,9

0,1

36,6

27,6

22,7

13,9

0,7

67,9

29,1

19

13

8,3

71,1

30,3

20,2

14,8

9,3

28,2

5,4

75,7

48,151,2

48,6

77,8

1,6

40,943,9

73,3

55,1

47,1

75

3

4042,7

79,1

23,3

34,9

42,6

75,5

2 0,9

24,6

34,335,3

73,1

48,8

2

35,7

41,2

0,3

7,8

1,1

73,4

0,10,7 0,31,5

48,9

5,1

38,6

40,9

74,8

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

85

1 - He lives in thesame settlement /

street with your child

2 - Goes to the sameschool / kindergarten /

nursery school withyour child?

3 - Goes to the samedepartment / group

with your child

4 - Socializes / playswith your child

5 - Best friend withyour child

6 - In the older age inemotional

relationship with yourchild

7 - In the adult agemarries with your

child

Child with severe defect of vision

Blind child

Child with severe hearing impairments

Deaf child

Child with physical disabilities, such as permanent deformation,or lack of a body part

Dijete koje se otežano kreću ili su sasvim nepokretna

Dijete koje boluje od hroničnih oboljenja koja se ne prenose, kaošto su astma, srčane mane, hemofilija, leukemija i druga

Dijete koje boluje od hroničnih bolesti koje se prenose, kao što suSIDA, Hepatitis i druga

Intelektualni nedostaci i oštećenja, kao što su niska inteligencija,autizam, teži poremećaji pažnje, trajne poteškoće u učenju i sl.

Dijete sa težim emocionalnim poremećajima, kao što su dječjeneuroze, psihoze, emocionalne promjene nastale neurološkimoštećenjimaDijete sa težim poremećajima socijalizacije, kao što suhiperaktivno, agresivno ili neko drugo socijalno neprihvatljivoponašanjeDijete sa poremećajima govora


© 2009 Ipsos

Social distance towards different categories of DSR - refuse


51,9

65,3

91,2

70,8

97,0

54,8

70

94,296

74,2

66,9

97,5 98,7

72,3

96,9

29,7

78,7

87,1 88,1

72,4

77,3

86,1

99,3

70,9

81

87

91,7

69,7

79,8

85,2

90,7

71,8

94,6

24,3

43,4

48,8

92,9

22,2

51,4

56,1 59,1

98,4

26,7

44,9

52,9

60,1

25,0

54,4

61,1

97,298,3

65,1

20,9

57,3

76,7

24,5

57,4

64,7 65,7

75,4

98 99,1

26,9

51,2

58,8

64,3

9899,7

92,2

99,9

26,6

63,4

98,9

32,1

99,3 99,9

28,9

98,5 99,7

25,2

59,1

51,1

61,4

94,9

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

85

90

95

100

1 - He lives in thesame settlement /

street with your child

2 - Goes to the sameschool / kindergarten /

nursery school withyour child?

3 - Goes to the samedepartment / group

with your child

4 - Socializes / playswith your child

5 - Best friend withyour child

6 - In the older age inemotional

relationship with yourchild

7 - In the adult agemarries with your

child

Child with severe defect of vision

Blind child

Child with severe hearing impairments

Deaf child

Child with physical disabilities, such as permanentdeformation, or lack of a body part

Child has difficulties to move or are completely bedridden

Child suffers from some chronic disease which is notcommunicable, such as asthma, heart defect, hemophilia,leukemia and otherChild suffers from some chronic diseases that iscommunicable, such as AIDS, hepatitis and other

Intelektualni nedostaci i oštećenja

Dete sa težim emocionalnim poremećajima

Dete sa težim poremećajima socijalizacije

Dete sa poremećajima govora


© 2009 Ipsos

Social distance towards different categories of DSR - acceptance


75,7 77,873,3 75,0

79,1 75,5 73,1 70,3 73,467,9 71,1

74,8

56,648,6

55,1

45,6 42,7 42,648,8

21,3

36,629,1 30,3

48,951,243,9 47,1

39,934,9 35,3

41,2

12,9

27,619 20,2

40,945,2

38,933,1 34,3 35,7

11,9

22,7

13,0 14,8

38,634,7

29,2 3025,8 23,3 24,6 27,7

7,813,9

8,3 9,3

28,2

8,8 5,8 3,1 5,47,1 4 1,3 0,9 2 5,1

48,140,9

3 2,8 2,5 2 0,3 1,1 0,7 1,51,6 1,7 0,1 0,7 0,1 0,305

10152025303540455055606570758085

Chi

ld w

ith s

ever

e de

fect

of v

isio

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Blin

d ch

ild

Chi

ld w

ith s

ever

e he

arin

g im

pairm

ents

Deaf

chi

ld

Chi

ld w

ith p

hysi

cal d

isab

ilitie

s, s

uch

aspe

rman

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efor

mat

ion,

or l

ack

of a

bod

ypa

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Chi

ld h

as d

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idde

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a, h

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and

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is a

nd o

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Inte

llect

ual d

efic

ienc

ies

and

impa

irmen

ts,

such

as

low

inte

llige

nce,

aut

ism

, ser

ious

atte

ntio

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sord

ers,

per

sist

ent d

iffic

ultie

s in

lear

ning

, and

the

like.

Chi

ld w

ith s

ever

e em

otio

nal d

isor

ders

, suc

has

chi

ldho

od n

euro

sis,

psy

chos

is, e

mot

iona

lch

ange

s ca

used

by

neur

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dam

age

Chi

ld w

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ever

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sord

ers

of s

ocia

lizat

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as

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or o

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Chi

ld w

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peec

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sord

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1 - He lives in the same settlement / street with your child2 - Goes to the same school / kindergarten / nursery school with your child?3 - Goes to the same department / group with your child4 - Socializes / plays with your child5 - Best friend with your child6 - In the older age in emotional relationship with your child7 - In the adult age marries with your child


© 2009 Ipsos

Social distance towards different categories of DSR - refuse


24,3 22,2 26,7 25,0 20,9 24,5 26,9 29,7 26,632,1 28,9 25,2

43,451,4

44,954,4 57,3 57,4

51,2

78,7

63,470,9 69,7

51,160,1

65,1 64,758,8

72,481 79,8

59,151,9

59,1 54,861,1

66,9 65,7 64,3

88,1

77,387,0

61,465,370,8 70 74,2 76,7 75,4 72,3

92,286,1

91,7

71,8

91,297 94,2 97,2 96,9 98,9 99,3 98,5 94,692,9 96 98,7 99,1 98

87,1

52,956,148,8

85,290,7

99,79897,5 94,999,799,999,399,998,398,4

05

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105

Chi

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ever

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of v

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Blin

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Chi

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Deaf

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Chi

ld w

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s, s

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Inte

llect

ual d

efic

ienc

ies

and

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irmen

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such

as

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aut

ism

, ser

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atte

ntio

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per

sist

ent d

iffic

ultie

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lear

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, and

the

like.

Chi

ld w

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ever

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otio

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has

chi

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od n

euro

sis,

psy

chos

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iona

lch

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s ca

used

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Chi

ld w

ith s

ever

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sord

ers

of s

ocia

lizat

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as

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havi

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Chi

ld w

ith s

peec

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sord

ers

1 - He lives in the same settlement / street with your child2 - Goes to the same school / kindergarten / nursery school with your child?3 - Goes to the same department / group with your child4 - Socializes / plays with your child5 - Best friend with your child6 - In the older age in emotional relationship with your child7 - In the adult age marries with your child


© 2009 Ipsos

Social closeness to different categories of children with disabilities


2 ,9

2 ,8

2 ,7

2 ,6

2 ,6

2 ,6

2 ,5

2 ,5

2 ,3

2 ,1

2 ,0

1 ,9

C h ild w i th s e v e r e d e fe c t o f v is io n

C h ild w i th s e v e r e h e a r in g im p a ir m e n ts

C h ild w it h s p e e c h d is o r d e r s

B lin d c h ild

D e a f c h i ld

C h ild s u f fe r s f r o m s o m e c h r o n ic d is e a s e w h ic h is n o tc o m m u n ic a b le , s u c h a s a s th m a , h e a r t d e fe c t ,

C h ild w it h p h y s ic a l d is a b i l i t ie s , s u c h a s p e r m a n e n td e fo rm a t io n , o r la c k o f a b o d y p a r t

C h ild h a s d i f f ic u lt ie s to m o v e o r a r e c o m p le te lyb e d r id d e n

In te lle c tu a l d e f ic ie n c ie s a n d im p a ir m e n ts , s u c h a s lo win te ll ig e n c e , a u t is m , s e r io u s a t te n t io n d is o r d e r s ,

C h ild w i th s e v e r e d is o r d e r s o f s o c ia l iz a t io n , s u c h a sh y p e ra c t iv e , a g g r e s s iv e o r o th e r s o c ia l ly u n a c c e p ta b le

C h ild w i th s e v e r e e m o t io n a l d is o r d e r s , s u c h a sc h ild h o o d n e u r o s is , p s y c h o s is , e m o t io n a l c h a n g e s

C h ild s u f fe r s f r o m s o m e c h r o n ic d is e a s e s th a t isc o m m u n ic a b le , s u c h a s A ID S , h e p a t it is a n d o th e r

•Social distance towards different groups of children with disabilities differs depending on type of disability.

•Citizens have the biggest social distance towards children who suffer from transmittable chronic diseases (AIDS, hepatitis etc.), then towards children with severe emotional disorders (neuroses, psychoses, etc) as well as towards the children with severe disorder of socialization (socially unacceptable behavior).

•On the other hand, the citizens have the smallest social distance towards children with severe vision and hearing disabilities, as well as children with speech disorders.

•When we observe individual relationships, for majority of the citizens (72% on the average) it is acceptable that child with disability lives in the same street with their child. However, the next degree of closeness is significantly less acceptable – only 42% accept that such child goes to the same school as their child, and somewhat above 2/3 find it unacceptable that such child goes to the same class with their child.

• Just one out of five citizens wouldn't mind the child with disabilities to be the best friend of their child, while just between 2% and 3% would accept current or future emotional relationship between such child and their child.


© 2009 Ipsos

The relationship of society towards children with disabilities


4%

11%

17%

47%

92%

74%

65%

36%

The state and society should doeverything in their power to

ensure equal opportunities andchances for children with

disabilities, regardless of thecosts.

Children with disabilities areequally valuable members ofsociety, as well as all other

citizens.

Regardless of the pain and theeffort that they and their familiesmake, children with disabilities

can not be fully fit in society, theway in which other children do.

The state and society are notable to significantly help childrenwith disabilities, no matter howmuch they try and how much

money they invest.

disagrees (1+2) agrees (4+5)

• Majority of the citizens (74%) think that children with disabilities are equally valuable members of society as all other citizens. •However, we shouldn't neglect the fact that one out of ten citizens has the opposite attitude (particularly in light of the clear

social undesirability of this answer). •Great majority of the citizens (92%) think that The state and society should do everything in their power to ensure equal

opportunities and chances for children with disabilities. •However, citizens believe to a significantly smaller extent that such help from state and society can help (47%). Going in the

same lines is also the fact that, as much as 65% of the citizens think that, regardless of the pain and the effort that they and their families make, children with disabilities can not be fully fit in society, the way in which other children do.


© 2009 Ipsos

Which of the following two statements is closer to your views?


•Majority of the citizens (71%) think that society and the environment in which the child lives should primarily be adapted to the child with disabilities, accepting all their specificities, while 28% think the opposite –that the child should be adapted to environment.

•Belief that the child with disabilities must adapt to environment is more pronounced among the citizens who do not have personal experience with children with disabilities, as well as among citizens from rural areas and eastern parts of the country.

•Citizens who are well informed about children with disabilities think in lesser percentage that these children should adapt to environment.

Refuses to answer1%

Society and the environment in which the child

lives should primarily be

adapted to the child with disabilities,

accepting all their specificities

71%

Child with disabilities should

primarily be adapted to life in society, with the

help of family and the environment

28%

24%

44%

17%

35%

23%

34%

24%

35%

32%

26%

15%

74%

56%

83%

63%

75%

65%

75%

65%

67%

73%

84%

Podgorica

C oast

W est

East

Urban

Rural

Yes

No

I do not know nothing or little

They know som eth ing

They know a lo t or very m uch

Child w ith disabilities should prim arily be adapted to life in soc ie ty,w ith the help of fam ily and the env ironm ent

Society and the env ironm ent in which the child lives should prim arilybe adapted to the child w ith disabilities, accepting all their specificities

Reg

ion

Type

Know

DS

RIn

form

atio

n


© 2009 Ipsos

To what extent is it possible that a child with disabilities join the crowd?


15%

80%

5%

1%

By providing professional assistance and throughspecial relation of society and institutions, it is

possible to FULLY enable a child with disabilities for life in society

By providing professional assistance and throughspecial relation of society and institutions, it ispossible to SOMEWHAT enable a child with

disabilities for life in society

Regardless of professional assistance and specialrelationship of state and society, it is not possible

TO MAKE ANY SIGNIFICANT PROGRESS inenabling the children with disabilities for life in

society.

Refuses to answer

•80% of the citizens think that By providing professional assistance and through special relation of society and institutions, it is possible to SOMEWHAT enable a child with disabilities for life in society. Namely, the citizens are just moderately optimistic about the possibility of inclusion of these children. Just 15% think that complete inclusion is possible.

•5% think that regardless of professional assistance and special relationship of state and society, it is not possible TO MAKE ANY SIGNIFICANT PROGRESS in enabling the children with disabilities for life in society.


© 2009 Ipsos

To what extent is it possible that a child with disabilities join the crowd?

20

15

10

15

12

13

17

11

22

16

13

13

14

24

75

78

87

81

79

79

78

87

72

80

79

82

81

70

4

6

2

3

9

8

5

1

4

3

7

5

4

5

18-29

30-39

40-49

50-64

65+

Podgorica

Coast

West

East

Yes

No

I do not know anything

They know something

Know much

FULLY SOMEWHAT TO MAKE ANY SIGNIFICANTG

ende

rR

egio

nKn

owD

SR

Info

rmat

ion

•Citizens who know a lot about these children are also more optimistic regarding the possibility of inclusion, while those who do not have personal experience with them are more skeptical.

•In addition to this, more optimistic in their conviction are the young (18 - 29 y.o), citizens with the lowest income, those from rural areas and east of the country.


© 2009 Ipsos

Using the following pairs of attributes, try to describe the TYPICAL CHILD in Montenegro


9%

6%

8%

9%

7%

10%

11%

13%

26%

23%

81%

78%

78%

76%

76%

73%

71%

70%

61%

56%

1 - Insecure / 7 - Self-confident

1 - Sad / 7 - Cheerful

1 - Estranged from other children / 7 - Open to other children

1 - Fearful / 7 - Brave

1 - Weak character / 7 - Strong character

1 - Pessimistic / 7 - Optimistic

1 - Deprived of his/her rights / 7 - Equal

1 - Equal opportunities as other children / 7 - Unequal possibilities

1 - Depending on others / 7 - Independent

1 - Uncertain future / 7 - Safe future

Sum (1+2+3) Sum (5+6+7)


© 2009 Ipsos

Using the following pairs of attributes, try to describe THE TYPICAL CHILD WITH DISABILITIES in Montenegro


56%

51%

53%

65%

66%

70%

75%

85%

74%

84%

24%

22%

21%

16%

15%

14%

8%

6%

6%

5%






1 - Estranged from other children / 7 - Open to other children

1 - Equal opportunities as other children / 7 - Unequal possibilities


1 - Uncertain future / 7 - Safe future


Suma (1+2+3) Suma (5+6+7)


© 2009 Ipsos

Comparison of a typical child and a child with special needs in average scores

Average values ; Base: Total target population

2

5,8

5,6

5,5

5,5

4,8

5,55,9

5,4

5,7

4,9

1,8

2,5

2,3

2,7

2,9

2,3

3,3

3,2

3,3

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7



1 - Estranged from other children / 7 - Open toother children

1 - Equal opportunities as other children / 7 -Unequal possibilities







Tipical child

A child with special needs

Child with disability is perceived as completely different than typical child in Montenegro: • Typical child in Montenegro is described as cheerful, optimistic, self-confident, independent, equal, with equal

opportunities as other children, brave, open to other children and with strong character. • In contrast to this a child with disability is described as sad, pessimistic, insecure, depending on others deprived of

his/her rights, with unequal possibilities, fearful, estranged from other children and with weak character (all differences are statistically significant).

•Characteristic according to which these two groups of children are perceived as most different is self-confidence.


© 2009 Ipsos

EDUCATION OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES


© 2009 Ipsos

4 4 %

2 7 %

1 6 %

4 %

8 %

0 %

T he y sho u ld g o to the s p e c ia l e d u c a tio n a l in s titu tio n s , in w h ic hcu rricu lu m a n d a c c e s s w o u ld b e a d ju s te d to th e m

T he y sho u ld g o to re g u la r sch o o ls , b u t sho u ld g o to a s e p a ra te ,s p e c ia l c la s s e s w h e re the te a ch in g a p p ro a c h w o u ld b e

a d ju s te d to th e ir n e e d s

T he y sho u ld g o to re g u la r sc h o o ls , b u t on ly to a tte n d so m ec la s s e s w ith o th e r ch ild re n , w h ile o th e r c la s s e s th e y w o u ld

have s e p a ra te ly, w ith s p e c ia lly tra in e d te a c h e rs

T he y sho u ld g o to re g u la r sch o o ls a n d a tte n d re g u la r c la s s e sw ith o th e r ch ild re n , to b e tre a te d in the sa m e w a y a s o th e r

ch ild re n , w ith o u t a d a p ta tio n o f the cu rricu lu m to th e ir n e e d s

T he y sho u ld g o to re g u la r sch o o ls a n d a tte n d re g u la r c la s s e sw ith o th e r ch ild re n , b u t th e ir cu rricu lu m a n d m e th o d s o f

te a c h in g sh o u ld b e a d ju s te d (te a ch e rs sho u ld b e tra in e d top ro v id e in the a d d it io n a l h e lp )

R e fu sa l to a n s w e r

How should educational access of children with disabilities?


Majority of the citizens do not show full understanding for the concept of inclusive education: while 44% think that such children should go to the special educational institutions, in which curriculum and access would be adjusted to them, while 27% of the citizens think that they should go to regular schools, but should go to a separate, special classes where the teaching approach would be adjusted to their needs.16% of citizens think that the most acceptable is some kind of

partial inclusion – they think that these children should attend only some classes together with other children, while they would have other classes separately. Only 12% of citizens support inclusive education of

children with disabilities. Out of this number, 8% think that curriculum and methods

should be adapted to them, while 4% think that there is no need for any adapting.

Inclusive education is more supported by those who are best informed about children with disabilities. On the contrary, it is particularly unacceptable to older citizens (over 65 years of age), as well as population of eastern parts of the country.


© 2009 Ipsos

21%

41%

61%

27%

6%

6%

0%

5%

Not adjusted atall

Partly adjusted

Sum -

Both yes and no

Sum +

Mainly adjusted

Fully adjusted

Do not know

Adaptation of educational systems and methods of educational institutions needs DSR


65%

63%

62%

61%

52%

67%

41%

68%

60%

68%

53%

67%

26%

26%

24%

26%

35%

21%

47%

23%

26%

21%

35%

23%

6%

7%

9%

5%

4%

4%

13%

5%

7%

6%

6%

9%

18-29

30-39

40-49

50-64

65+

Podgorica

Coast

West

East


They know something

They know a lot or very much

Sum - And they are and are not adjusted Sum +

•Almost two thirds of citizens (61%) think that educational system and way of work in educational institutions are not adjusted to children with disabilities – average grade is 2.2 (on the scale from 1 to 5). Only 6% think that they are mainly adjusted, while others are indecisive.

•The eldest citizens, as well as residents of coastal area, evaluate this adjustment of school somewhat more positively, while it is evaluated more negatively by residents of the capital and of the western areas, as well as those least informed about these children.

Gen

der

Reg

ion

Info

rmat

ion


© 2009 Ipsos

Attitude towards inclusive education


7%

12%

11%

18%

18%

24%

23%

63%

74%

66%

64%

59%

57%

50%

41%

17%

Schools in Montenegro are not built to be accessible to children withdisabilities, and architectural adaptation of institutions to the needsof these children should be one of the most important tasks of the

state and society.

Inclusion of children with disabilities in regular schools wouldcontribute to better understanding of these children by their peers.

Even when children with disabilities go through their education, theyhave less chances to get a job than the other citizens of the same

level of education.

It's good that children with disabilities attend regular schools,because in this way, social skills and tolerance of other children are

developed

If children with disabilities attend classes in regular schools, it haspositive influence on their development.

For the development of the children with disabilities it is much betterto attend a specialized institution for education, than to go to regular

schools.

If children with disabilities attend classes in regular schools, thisresults in the fact that teachers pay too much attention to them, and

other children are deprived a little bit.Montenegro currently has a lot of more important problems andmany more important issues than the adjustment of the regularschool to the needs of children with disabilities, creating new

educational programs and training teachers to work with these child

Disagrees Agrees


© 2009 Ipsos


3,9

3,7

3,6

3,6

3,5

3,4

3,2

2,4

Architecturalcustom

troubleshootinstitutions

Feweropportunities for

employment

Betterunderstanding of

peer

Positive impact onthe development of

other children

Positive impact onthe development of

DSR

The advantage ofspecializedinstitutions

Teachers thementirely incurred

too much attention

Majority of citizens (63%) think that education of children with disabilities is an important social issue that needs to be addressed. 74% think that architectural adaptation of institutions to the needs of these children should be one of the most important tasks of the state.

Majority of citizens also believe that inclusion would have positive effects: it would contribute to better understanding of children with disabilities by their peers (66%), it would influence their development positively (57%), and it would also have positive effects on development of social skills and tolerance of other children (59%).

Opposite to such attitudes, every second citizen still thinks that it is better for children with disabilities to attend specialized institutions than regular school. Almost two thirds of citizens think that, even besides adequate education, these children have less chance of getting a job than other citizens with the same level of education do.

Another 41% of citizens fear that inclusion would produce negative effects on other pupils – teachers would have less time to dedicate to them.

We may conclude that citizens have positive attitude towards inclusion (probably under the influence of social desirability of answers), but that they are still not convinced that inclusion is in the best interest of the very children with disabilities, as well as of other children.


© 2009 Ipsos


3,5

3,6

3,5

3,7

3,5

3,5

3,5

3,5

3,6

3,6

3,6

3,4

3,4

3,6

3,8

3

4

3

3

4

4

3

4

4

3

3

4

4

3

3

Male

Fem a le

18-29

30-39

40-49

50-64

65+

P rim ary and low e r

S econdary

H ighe r and h igh

U rban

R ura l

I do no t know no th ing o r little

They know som e th in g

They know a lo t o r very m u c h

It's good tha t ch ild ren w ith d isab il it ie s attend regu la r sc h o o ls , bec aus e in th is w ay, soc ia lsk il ls and to lerance o f o ther ch ild ren are deve lopedFor the deve lopm en t o f the ch ild ren w ith d isab ilit ie s it is m u c h better to attend a spec ia lizedins titu tion for educa tion , than to go to regu la r sc h o o ls .

•Observed in general, more positive view of inclusion is present among young adults (30-39 years of age), among residents of urban areas and particularly the capital city. The opposite stands for the least educated, residents of rural and eastern parts of the country.

•Inclusion is well rated by persons who are well informed about children with disabilities, while the least informed grade it a lot worse. Persons who have personal experience with children with disability are more aware of positive effects of inclusion for these and other children as well.

Gen

der

Educ

atio

nTy

peIn

form

atio

n


© 2009 Ipsos

FAMILY AND CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES


© 2009 Ipsos

The perception of families with children living with disabilities


6%

5%

6%

7%

12%

18%

29%

22%

84%

80%

77%

76%

62%

51%

46%

43%

Families of children with disabilities can not be expected to overcomeall the challenges alone, they must be supported by the wider society.

Other children, who are growing up in families with children withdisabilities, learn to be more attentive and more tolerant.

Parents who are raising children with disabilities, usually have todedicate their life to them completely.

I feel sorry for families with a child with disabilities, because they arevictims of unfortunate circumstances.

Parents of children with disabilities often take too patronizing attitudetowards their child, which leads to isolation of that child from other

children.

If a child with disabilities is left without parental care, it is better to putit in a sustainer family than in a home.

For children with disabilities it is better to stay in special institutions,than to live in their families, because these institutions have experts

who are specially trained to work with them

In families where a child with disabilities is growing up, other childrenare usually neglected.

Disagrees Agrees


© 2009 Ipsos


4,1

4,0

3,9

3,9

3,7

3,5

3,3

3,3

Families of children with disabilitiescan not be expected to overcome all the

challenges alone, they must besupported by the wider society.

I feel sorry for families with a child withdisabilities, because they are victims of

unfortunate circumstances.

Other children, who are growing up infamilies with children with disabilities,

learn to be more attentive and moretolerant.

Parents who are raising children withdisabilities, usually have to dedicate

their life to them completely.

Parents of children with disabilitiesoften take too patronizing attitude

towards their child, which leads to isolation of that child from other

If a child with disabilities is left withoutparental care, it is better to put it in a

sustainer family than in a home.

For children with disabilities it is betterto stay in special institutions, than tolive in their families, because these

institutions have experts who are

In families where a child withdisabilities is growing up, otherchildren are usually neglected.

•Families of children with disabilities evoke, as well as children themselves, pity of general population - great majority of citizens (74%) consider them victims of accident. Majority (84%) also thinks that families with children with disabilities need support of wide society.

•If we ask about perception of these families in detail, we see that respondents (77%) think that parents of these children usually have to dedicate their life to them fully. 62% think that parents often take too patronizing attitude towards their child, which leads to isolation of the child.

As for perception of the position of other children in these families, 43% of citizens think that other children are usually neglected in them. However, 80% think that children from these families learn to be more attentive and more tolerant.

Opinion about whether it is better for children with disabilities to live in specialized institutions or in their own family are divided – institutionalization is supported by almost half of citizens (46%), 29% are against, while others are indecisive.

•Similarly, half of citizens think that if a child is left without parental care, it is better to put it in a sustainer family than in a home, while the other half disagrees or is indecisive.


© 2009 Ipsos


3,4

3,3

3,0

3,5

3,2

3,2

3,2

3,1

3,4

3,4

3,2

3,0

4,2

4,1

4,1

4,1

4,1

4,2

4,2

4,1

4,1

4,1

4,1

4,3

Primary and lower

Secondary

Higher and high

Do 100�

101 - 200�

More then 200�

Refuses to answer

Urban

Rural


They know something

They know a lot or very much

For children with disabilities it is better to stay in special institutions, than to live in their families,because these institutions have experts who are specially trained to work with them

Families of children with disabilities can not be expected to overcome all the challenges alone,they must be supported by the wider society.

•Larger number of persons who is better informed about children with disabilities thinks that family is the best place for growing up, and they are even more aware of the need of these families for broader support of the society.

•Belief that it would be better for children with disabilities to grow up in specialized institutions is more widespread among persons who are not informed about these children, as well as among the least educated, population of rural areas and those with the lowest income.

Educ

atio

nTy

peIn

form

atio

nIn

com

e


© 2009 Ipsos

Whether the state should financially assist families of children with disabilities?


Yes97%

No1%

Refuses to answer

2%

Almost all citizens (97%) think that the state should provide financial support for families of children with disabilities.


© 2009 Ipsos

12%

32%

45%

45%

10%

8%

2%

Conditions do notexist at all

2

Sum -

3

Sum +

4

Conditions arefulfilled fully

Rating conditions for normal life and development of children with disabilities in Montenegro


36%

48%

47%

47%

34%

48%

45%

50%

36%

52%

42%

43%

45%

57%

38%

46%

42%

51%

12%

10%

9%

9%

9%

14%

9%

8%

13%

Primary andlower

Secondary

Higher andhigh

Podgorica

Coast

West

East

Urban

Rural

Sum - 3 Sum +

• Great majority of citizens think that living conditions for children with disabilities are bad in Montenegro (45%) or medium (45%) – average grade for the living conditions that this country provides to these children is 2.6 (the scale from 1 to 5).

• Persons with the lowest level of education, residents of rural and coastal area evaluate these conditions as somewhat better.

Educ

atio

nR

egio

nTy

pe


© 2009 Ipsos

The rights of children with

disabilities are respected

equally as the rights of other children are

50%


disabilities are respected to a lesser extent

than the rights of other

children are40%


disabilities are respected to a greater extent than the rights

of other children are

10%

Respect the rights of children in Montenegro Base: Total target population

How to respect the rights of children in Montenegro? Are the rights of children with disabilities follow the same, more or less rights than other

children?

9%

24%

33%

40%

27%

24%

4%

Not respected at all

Mainly notrespected

Sum -

Both yes and no

Sum +

Mainly respected

Completelyrespected

Only 27% of citizens think that children’s rights are mainly respected in Montenegro – citizens mainly believe that these rights are partially respected (average grade 2.9).

The eldest citizens, as well as population of coastal and western areas are somewhat more convinced that these rights are respected.

Opinions about respecting the rights of children with disabilities relative to other children are divided – while half of citizens think that their rights are respected equally as the rights of other children, 40% think that they are respected to a lesser extent.

It is interesting that the remaining 10% (every tenth citizen of Montenegro) think that the rights of children with disabilities are respected more than the rights of other children. They think that these children get more assistance and care than other children do, exactly because of difficulties they are faced with.


© 2009 Ipsos

Why do you think that the rights of children with disabilities comply with less / more than the rights of other children? What do you see?

10%

8%

8%

8%

6%

4%

4%

4%

3%

3%

3%

2%

2%

2%

2%

Around them neglected / rejected

Because of their illness / lack of

Indifference of society / state

Lack of care, lack of support

The overall situation, the relationshipbetween society, state

Not all the conditions, opportunities for life

Not all the conditions, opportunities for life

Adapted system of education

Discrimination / consider them lessvaluable

Because of prejudice

The bad regulations / laws violations

Lack of appropriate institutions

Otherwise they need

Such children are given more attention / help

Unequal opportunities

Multiple responses, Base: those who believe that the rights of DSR respected to a greater or lesser extent than the rights of other children (49% of the target population)

The most commonly quoted reasons for the belief that the rights of these children are respected less are being neglected by the surrounding, indifference of the wider society and the state, lack of care and assistance, not adapted education system, but also lack of understanding, prejudice and negative discrimination.

• They think that these children get more assistance and care than other children do, exactly because of difficulties they are faced with.


© 2009 Ipsos

13%

6%

6%

6%

5%

4%

3%

2%

2%

22%Because of their illness / lack of

Decrease / disability

Not all conditions for living

Environment rejects

The overall situation, therelationship between society

Unequal opportunities

Give them a chance

Discrimination

Lack of care, lack of support

Because of prejudice

The possibilities and opportunities for personal development potential of children with disabilities


Yes33%

No67%

Do children with disabilities have the same opportunities and chances for personal development

potential as other children in Montenegro?

Why do you think that children with disabilities have the same advantages and opportunities as other

children who live in Montenegro?

Multiple answers; Base: Respondents who believe that children with disabilities have the same possibilities and opportunities for the development of personal potential (67% of the target population)

• Two thirds of citizens think that children with disabilities don’t have the same opportunities and chances for development of personal potential as other children do, while one third has opposite attitude.

• Citizens see a significant cause for this inequality in children themselves - their illness or disability (22%) or their limited abilities (13%).

•Citizens also recognize social elements of this inequality, but they mainly mention general statements such as “they don’t have all adequate living conditions” or “general situation, attitude of the society”. Concrete causes are recognized to a lesser extent: prejudice and negative discrimination, unadjusted institutions, insufficient financial investments, lack of awareness and understanding.


© 2009 Ipsos

Whether in Montenegro there is no law regulating and guaranteeing the rights of children with disabilities?


Yes51%

Do not know36%

No13%

• Half of citizens know that Montenegro has a law that regulates and guarantees the rights of children with disabilities. • The eldest citizens (over 65), as well as those with the lowest level of education and residents of rural areas are

even less familiar with legislature. The same is valid for persons who are not in contact with children with disabilities.

36%

33%

30%

34%

48%

47%

33%

26%

37%

31%

43%

32%

44%

18-29

30-39

40-49

50-64

65+

Primary and lower

Secondary

Higher and high

Edocation in progress

Urban

Rural

Yes

NoG

ende

rEd

ucat

ion

Type

Know

D

SR

Are not familiar:


© 2009 Ipsos

The main barriers to creating better living conditions and development of children with disabilities and their inclusion in social life in Montenegro


43%

35%

24%

24%

23%

22%

19%

19%

5%

1%

Lack of money at the local and / or statelevel

The lack of enough well-trainedprofessionals and institutions who deal

with children with special needs

Indifference to the problem of state

Ignorance, lack of awareness of citizensabout the problems of children with

disabilities

Prejudices of the citizens to children withspecial needs

The lack of clear national / local strategiesfor improving the position of children with

disabilities

Indifference of society / citizen of theproblem

Inadequate law regulating the issue ofchildren with disabilities

The existence of major problems in thecountry that would be addressed first

Do not know

• The main barriers for creating of better conditions for life and development of children with disabilities are “objective”: lack of money on local and/or state level (43%), as well as lack of trained professionals and institutions (35%).• To a lesser extent, however, respondents

recognize also indifference, insufficient knowledge (24%), as well as prejudice (23%) as important.

• It is interesting that the best educated citizens perceive lack of money as less important reason than indifference of the state.

• Indifference, prejudice and ignorance are recognized as significantly more important reasons among residents of the capital and in the coastal area, while situation is the opposite in the Eastern parts of the country.


© 2009 Ipsos

34%

57%

90%

6%

1%

1%

0%

2%

A lot less money thannecessary

Less money thannecessary

Sum -

Just the right amount ofmoney

Sum +

More money thannecessary

A lot more money thannecessary

Do not know

The perception of government and social welfare programs and support to children with disabilities


Nine out of ten citizens of Montenegro think that the society and the state give too little money for programs intended for children with disabilities.


© 2009 Ipsos

5%

7%

6%

9%

8%

14%

18%

14%

12%

85%

84%

83%

78%

77%

65%

56%

53%

51%

Parents and siblings of children with disabilities

Health care system

The system of social protection

The government of the republic (state) level

The education system and school institutions

The authorities at the local level

The citizens of Montenegro, fellow? Ani, neighbors, etc..

Media

Non-governmental organizations and civic associations

Minimal or no responsibility Maximum or fully responsible

Perception of the responsibilities of relevant persons and institutions for improving the position of DSR and their integration into broader society



© 2009 Ipsos

4,3

4,3

4,2

4,1

4,0

3,7

3,6

3,6

3,5

The system of social protection

Parents and siblings of children withdisabilities

Health care system

The education system and schoolinstitutions

The government of the republic(state) level

The authorities at the local level

The citizens of Montenegro citizens,neighbors, etc..

Media

Non-governmental organizationsand civic associations

Perception of the responsibilities of relevant persons and institutions for improving the position of DSR and their integration into broader society

• In the opinion of majority of citizens, the whole society and all its members are perceived as more or less responsible for children with disabilities. However, parents and relatives are expected most from (85%), as well as from healthcare and social protection systems (84, 83%).

• The least responsible, on the other hand, are citizens themselves (56%), media (53%), as well as NGOs (51%).


© 2009 Ipsos

The best way to remedy the situation of children with disabilities in our society


• Observed in general, positive attitude towards institutional protection of children with disabilities, which is considered necessary at least in some cases, is still widespread among citizens of Montenegro.

• As the best way to help children with disabilities, 40% perceive providing care for them in special institutions. Another 30% think that these institutions should be reserved only for the most severe cases, while majority of these children should be included in all social activities.

• 12% of citizens think that all children with disabilities should be included in the society and adapted to it as much as they can. 13% of citizens think that broad society should and adapt to their specificities. 5%

30%

13%

12%

40%All children with disabilities should be put in

special institutions, with specially trained staffand activities adjusted to their abilities.

Only a minority of more difficult cases of childrenwith disabilities should be put in special

institutions, and the majority of children withdisabilities should be included in all regular

activities, along with other citizens.

The wider society should, above all, becomeadapted to children with disabilities, in order for

them to get included into everyday life the easiestpossible w ay.

All the children with disabilities should livetogether with other people (not in specialized

institutions) and be, as much as they can,adapted to living in society.

Do not know


© 2009 Ipsos

The best way to remedy the situation of children with disabilities in our society

36%

3%

0%

0%

19%

7%

4%

5%

0%

5%

23%

12%

0%

5%

25%

9%

0%

2%

2%

28%

All the DSRshould beplaced in

institutions

Only difficultcases shouldbe placed ininstitutions

All DSR shouldlive togetherwith others

The widersociety needs

to adapt

Because of technical assistance /support adequateSo it's best for them

Should be accepted equally

Better integration into society

It's easier for society to adapt

• Those who think that these children should be taken care of in special institutions explain this view with their belief that these children would be provided adequate and professional help there and that „it is best for them“.

• On the other hand, persons who prefer inclusion say that these children should be accepted as equal, and those who think that the society should be adjusted think that it is easier for the society to be changed.

• Inclusion and adapting of the society are supported more by persons who are informed best about children with disabilities, as well as by population of the capital city.


© 2009 Ipsos

Have you heard of the Convention of the United Nations (UN) on the Rights of the Child?


Yes67%

No33%

Two thirds of citizens say that they have heard of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, somewhat more those who are best informed about children with disabilities and population of urban areas.


© 2009 Ipsos

The perception of respect for the rights of children with disabilities is guaranteed by the Convention on the Rights of the Child in Montenegro

Base: those who have heard of the Convention of the United Nations (UN) on the Rights of the Child (67% of the target population)

10%

22%

32%

44%

24%

23%

2%

They are not respected at all

Sum -

Sum +

Completely respected

38%

27%

36%

4%

28%

48%

41%

46%

44%

69%

44%

26%

21%

27%

20%

27%

27%

26%

Male

Female

Podgorica

Coast

West

East

Sum -They are both respected and not respectedSum +

• Among citizens who have heard of this Convention, only every fourth thinks that the rights that it guarantees are mainly respected in Montenegro. Average grade that these citizens give for balance between real situation in the country and the Convention is 2.8 (on the scale from 1 to 5).

• Women and population of coastal area evaluate this balance somewhat more positively, while it is the opposite with men, persons with the lowest income and residents of eastern areas.

Gen

der

Reg

ion


© 2009 Ipsos58

Summary

Children with disabilities rouse compassion of Montenegrin citizens, and they are associated with suffering, bad luck, helplessness. Clearly visible physical characteristics (deformations, defects, problems with mobility) are the most important criterion according to which children with disabilities are categorized. In addition to children who lack part of the body or who have a physical impairment, citizens identify to the highest extent with this category the children with sensory or mental disabilities.Majority of the citizens of Montenegro have personal experience with children with disabilities – more than two thirds of the citizens know some child with disabilities or parent of such child. Nine out of ten citizens have at least occasional contact with such children. Despite that, the citizens are generally poorly informed about this topic, judging by their own assessment , but also judging by their estimation of the number of children with disabilities, awareness of modern technologies and legal regulations. The main source of information are media. For those who have contacts with children with disabilities the main source of information is personal experience. Observed in general, it seems that two dimensions of citizens’ attitudes towards children with disabilities can be differentiated. On one hand, the citizens mainly express sympathies for these children and they think that everything possible should be done to help them. On the other hand, it seems that deep-rooted conviction is that such children are essentially different from other children, which is why, despite their own efforts and efforts of the society, they can never be completely integrated in society. In support of such observation speaks a pronounced social distance towards children with disabilities – while majority of the citizens have nothing against such children living in their neighborhood, decisive majority still wouldn’t accept closer levels of relationship with them (friendship or emotional relationship).


© 2009 Ipsos59

Summary

Just somewhat above one out of ten citizens support inclusive education of children with disabilities, while decisive majority of them think that it is in the best interest of such children to be educated in special institutions, or at least in special classes .Citizens recognize the need that schools and educational system should be adapted to children with disabilities, as well as positive effects of including these children in regular school, but they still doubt final effects of inclusion, for both children with disabilities, and for other children.Citizens empathize with families with children with disabilities, they show understanding for the challenges they are faced with and they think that they need support of broad society, including financial assistance. However, almost every second citizen gives advantage to institutionalization of children with disabilities over raising these children in families (natural or sustainer).Great majority of citizens think that living conditions for children with disabilities are bad in Montenegro. They agree that rights of children are respected only partially, while opinion on whether rights of children with disabilities are respected more or less than rights of other children is not uniform. Two thirds of citizens believe that children with disabilities don’t have equal possibilities for personal development as other children do, and they think that the key barrier is their own disability and not social factors.As the main barriers for more extensive inclusion of children with disabilities in the society are perceived “objective factors”, primarily lack of means on local and state level, as well as lack of professionals. Citizens have positive attitude towards allocation of more funds for this purpose. However, citizens recognize as significant obstacles also social factors such as lack of interest, lack of information, negative attitudes and prejudices.


© 2009 Ipsos60

Summary

Protagonists most responsible for the welfare of children with disabilities are considered to be their parents and relatives. Relevant state institutions are healthcare and social protection institutions.

When we ask citizens about the best way to help children with disabilities, we once again hear widespread beliefs about impossibility of integration and positive attitudes towards institutionalization. Largest number of citizens think that institutional care for all (40%) or at least some children (30%) is the best that can be done for them. Only one fourth of citizens think that all children with disabilities should be included in the society or that society should be adapted to them.

In general, personal experience with children with disabilities and more knowledge are in positive correlation with their more extensive acceptance and more positive attitude towards inclusion of these children. Also young, well educated and residents of urban areas share positive opinion about inclusion, while the least educated persons, those with the lowest income and residents of rural areas have opposite opinion.

The most important source of information for citizens of Montenegro is TV. Better educated citizens and residents of urban areas get informed also from newspapers, while Internet is an important source for young people.

Citizens trust domestic media most, primarily TV stations and print. They also trust information received from their close ones - friends and relatives.

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