research of infrastructure preparation for bilateral

Ministry Economy, Trade and Industry

Research of Infrastructure Preparation for Bilateral Credit

Acquisition etcProjects of visualization of International contribution through Japanese Technology

March 2018

Consulting Department

Nomura Research Institute

Otemachi Financial Cube

Otemachi 1-9-2, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004

Copyright（C） Nomura Research Institute, Ltd. All rights reserved. 1

Agenda

To Begin With

Trial Calculation of the Effect of Reduction in Greenhouse

Gas brought about by Japan’s International Contribution

Trial Calculation of Reduction Volume brought about by

International Contributions from Major Industrial Nations

and Research of International Trends

Public Relations Pamphlet


Agenda

To Begin With








To Begin With

Overview of the project

Background to the project

Japan worked out “Global Warming Prevention Program” on May 13, 2016. In the program, it is stated that

“Japan promotes the diffusion of excellent technologies born by activities in the industrial circles as well as

JCM (Joint Crediting Mechanism). At the same time, Japan works to influence the international society which

is promoting global warming prevention in accordance to Paris Agreement, so Japan heightens its standing

in the international society by aggressively disseminating the significance of its activities by “visualizing” how

much Japan contributes to the reductions through these efforts and activities. The potential of CO2 emission

reductions is expected to be at least 1billion tons a year in FY2030 globally.”

The “long-term global warming prevention platform report” compiled by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and

Industry on April 7, 2017 states that Japan aggressively disseminates its projects and so on in developing

countries conducted by fully employing its public finance such as ODA, in addition to JCM, as the

contribution to the world by Japan and developing countries, by “visualizing the quantity of reductions in a

quantitative manner, separated from the transferrable reductions based on Crediting Mechanism. Through

the activities, Japan aims at carbon neutral which contributes to global emission reductions higher than its

own total emissions and also start a shift to new games in which each country competes on the quantity of

contribution in the world through mutual cooperation under Paris Agreement and maximizes global

reductions.

Objective of this research

As stated above, it is important to “visualize” global GHG emission reductions in a quantitative manner through efforts and activities by the public and private sectors for further diffusing Japanese low-carbon technologies, services, etc. In this project, we tentatively calculate global GHG emission reductions effected by Japan’s contributions and research/study for the purpose of disseminating such contributions to the international society.


Agenda

To Begin With



Estimation Measure of Reduction in Greenhouse Gas

Estimation Result






Trial Calculation of the Effects of Reduction in Greenhouse Gas brought about by Japan’s International Contributions

Image of the trial calculation of GHG emission reductions

Image of reference emissions and project emissions

Source) New Mechanisms Information Platform

GHG emission reductions effected by each project are calculated as differences between reference

emissions (emissions where the project is not conducted) and project emissions (emissions

resulted from the project).



Projects Targeted by the Trial Calculation

This research will target any measures that fulfill the

following conditions:

Target Period： For this research, projects carried out since 2000

have been targeted. In addition, with regard to the projects or

public support slated to be carried out by 2050, trial calculation will

be carried out for projects expected to be effective in the reduction

of gases.

Target Range：Support from public organizations: JICA, JBIC,

NEXI, JOGMEC, NEDO, etc.

Target Area: Projects carried out with public support by Japan in

the territory of technology (Refer to following table)

Trial calculation of reduction volume has been carried

out per project and the total sum of these projects has

been added to create a trial calculation of Japan’s

overall contribution to reduction. Moreover, the trial

calculation has been undertaken not by individual

project, but through universal methods per category.

Technology Category （grand） Technology Category （sub）

High-efficiency thermal power

generation

Supercritical coal-fired thermal power

Ultra Super Critical coal-fired thermal power

Integrated coal-gasification combined cycle

Gas turbine combined cycle

Renewable energy power generation

PV power generation

Hydro power generation

Biomass power generation

Wind power generation

Geothermal power generation

Railroad

Freezing-refrigeration facilities

Urban development

Plant energy-saving

Sea Water desalination

CO2-EOR

Collection of methane gas, etc.

Collection of alternative CFCs

Nuclear power plants

Technology Targeted for Trial Calculation in this Project



Trial calculating method by technology

Technology

category (grand)

Technology category

(sub)

Calculating method of reference emissions Calculating method of project emissions

High-efficiency

thermal power

generation

Supercritical coal-fired

thermal power

Installed capacity x operating rate x emission basic unit (950gCO2/kWh)

Installed capacity x operating rate x emission basic unit

(850gCO2/kWh)

Ultra Super Critical coal-

fired thermal powerInstalled capacity x operating rate x emission basic unit

(820gCO2/kWh)

Integrated coal-

gasification combined

cycle


(650gCO2/kWh)

Gas turbine combined

cycle


(340gCO2/kWh)

Renewable energy

power generation

PV, Hydro, geo-thermal

and wind power generation Installed capacity x operating rate x emission basic unit (533gCO2/kWh)0

Biomass power generation 0 * carbon neutral considered

Nuclear power plant Installed capacity x operating rate x emission basic unit (533gCO2/kWh) 0

RailroadAverage ridership/day/kilometer (persons/day/km) x distance of railway lines

(km)^2 x 365 (days) x CO2 emissions per transportation volume by car

(gCO2/person/km) x operating rate

Average ridership/day/kilometer (persons/day/km) x distance of

railways (km)^2 x 365 (days) x Co2 emissions per transportation

volume by railway (gCO2/person/km) x operating rate


Adjustment coefficient based on Coefficient Of Performance（COP),

performance indicator, x facility size (m^2) x energy consumption per unit

facility size (kWh/day/m^2) x 365 (days) x operating rate x emission basic unit

(gCO2/kWh)

Facility size (m^2) x energy consumption per unit facility size

(kWh/day/m^2) x 365 (days) x operating rate x emission basic unit

(gCO2/kWh)

Urban developmentFloor area (m^2) x power consumption of lighting/air-conditioning per area

(kWh/day/m^2) x energy efficiency adjustment coefficient x 365 (days) x

operating rate x emission basic unit (gCO2/kWh)

Floor area (m^2) x power consumption of lighting/air-conditioning per

area (kWh/day/m^2) x 365 (days) x operating rate x emission basic

unit (gCO2/kWh)

Plant energy-saving Adjustment coefficient based on Performance indicator x Facility size (barrel) x

emission per unit facility size (tCO2/day/barrel) x 365 (days)) x operating rate

Facility size (barrel) x emission per unit facility size (tCO2/day/barrel)

x 365 (days)) x operating rate

DesalinationFacility size (m^3/day) x emission per unit evaporating-type facility size

(tCO2/m^3) x 365 (days)) x operating rate

Facility size (m^3/day) x emission per unit RO membrane method-

type facility size (（tCO2/m^3） x 365 (days)) x operating rate

CO2-EOR Facility size (gCO2/day) x operating rate x 365 (days) 0

Collection of methane gas, etc. Facility size (gCO2 (converted)/day）x operating rate x 365 (days) 0

Collection of alternative CFCs Facility size （gCO2 (converted/day）x operating rate x 365 (days) 0



Conservativeness securing method by technology

Technology category

(grand)

Technology category

(sub)

Conservativeness securing method by technology

High-efficiency thermal power

generation

Supercritical coal-fired

thermal power

More conservative 0.95 [gCO2/kWh is used out of the multiple values collected as an emission basic unit,

0.975[gCO2/kWh] and 0.95 [gCO2/kWh], assuming that a reference power source is an old coal-fired thermal power

source.

Ultra Super Critical coal-

fired thermal power

Integrated coal-gasification

combined cycle


cycle

Renewable energy power

generation

PV, Hydro, geo-thermal and

wind power generation 0.533[gCO2/kWh], the value of diesel power generation of the highest efficiency in the world which is generally used in

the JCM methodology, is used as the emission basic unit used in the calculation formula for reference emissionsBiomass power generation

Nuclear power plant

0.533[gCO2/kWh], the value of diesel power generation of the highest efficiency in the world which is generally used in

the JCM methodology, is used as the emission basic unit used in the calculation formula to obtain reference emissions.

74% is used by applying the conservativeness rate (0.74) to the operating rate .

RailroadEmission basic rate multiplied by the conservativeness rate of 0.74 is used to use in the calculation formula of reference

emissions.


Adjustment coefficient is used, derived by assuming a case whose difference of Coefficient of Performance (COP) is the

smallest between the conventional type and high-efficiency type introduced in the project.

* The trial calculation of freezing-refrigeration facilities are conducted by using reference emissions as the product of

project emissions x adjustment coefficient, so emission reductions assumed under the above case is assessed

conservatively.

Urban developmentThe ratio of COP assuming operation is under the environment of November whose COP is the lowest in a year to yearly

average COP is used.

Plant energy-saving Actual efficiency improvement of the plant multiplied by the conservativeness rate (0.74) is used.

Desalination Operating rate generally applied to desalination facilities multiplied by the conservativeness rate (0.74) is used.

CO2-EOR

74% is used by applying the conservativeness rate (0.74) to the operating rate. Collection of methane gas, etc.

Collection of alternative CFCs



Conservativeness coefficient

In JCM, conservative reductions are tentatively calculated by using the conservativeness rates

shown in the below table.

In the trial calculation, 1.35, the average of conservativeness rates in the below table, is used. (For

making reference emissions more conservative, multiple by 1/1.35=0.74.)

Country Name of methodology Parameter Average

Value to use

for trail

calculation

Conservativeness rate

(=by how many

percentage the value to

use for trial calculation is

better than the average)

MongoliaReplacement and Installation of High Efficiency Heat

Only Boiler (HOB) for Hot Water Supply SystemsReference boiler efficiency 47.8(%) 53.3(%) 1.12

Bangladesh

Energy efficiency improvement through the

introduction of energy efficient air jet looms in textile

industry

Energy Saving Coefficient 3.24(-) 2.93(-) 1.11

BangladeshEnergy Saving by Introduction of High Efficiency

Centrifugal ChillerCOP of the reference chiller

2.72(-) 5.50 2.02

4.88(-) 5.66 1.16

Vietnam

Installation of LED lighting equipment to fishing boats luminous flux 72,254(lm) 97,091(lm) 1.34

Installation of energy efficient transformers in a

power distribution gridBlackout rate 0.87(%) 1.87(%) 2.15

Improving the energy efficiency of commercial

buildings by utilization of high efficiency equipment

COP(200 USRT class) 4.68 5.71 1.22

COP(300 USRT class) 4.80 5.75 1.20

COP(450 USRT class) 4.58 5.91 1.29

IndonesiaInstallation of energy saving air jet loom at textile

factory

Specific air consumption of the

project air jet loom (Nm3 /m) 2.15 1.72 1.25

CambodiaInstallation of LED street lighting system with

wireless network controlLuminaire efficiency (lm/W) 60 62 1.03



Study of the quantity of contributions by each country

Several cases are presented to display how to consider the contributions of each country among the

total reductions obtained by the trial calculation of the target cases, based on which the quantity of

contributions are calculated. (Case E is employed to avoid double counting for the trial calculation

results to be made later on)

The reductions by your country are calculated in the same manner.

How to consider the contributions to reductions

Case AAdd up the entire quantity of reductions of the case during the entire period of the project, when public finance of some kind is granted, even if

small.

Case B

・When capital is granted: Add up the entire quantity of reductions of the case during the entire period of the project, when capital is granted

through public finance, even if small.

・When subsidiaries(excl. capital), etc. are granted: Add up only the quantity obtained by multiplying the reductions of the case by the

percentage obtained by using the project cost as a denominator and public finance such as subsidiaries as a numerator.

* We have confirmed that there were no cases which were granted capital and subsidiaries (excl. capital) at the same time for a single project.

Case C

Add up only the quantity obtained by multiplying the reductions of the case by the percentage obtained by using the project cost as a

denominator and public finance such as subsidiaries as a numerator.

(Unlike Case B, this employs the same treatment of capital and subsidiaries etc.)

Case DWhen Japanese public finance is granted, add up the reductions of the case during the entire period of the project. Divide the project cost

proportionally to the amount of each grant if public finance is also granted by other countries.

Case E Divide the contributions proportionally to the percentage taken by the cost of Japanese products in the total project cost (assumed to be 30%).

How to consider the contributions by Japan


Agenda

To Begin With



Estimation Measure of Reduction in Greenhouse Gas

Estimation Result







The reduction effects of projects carried out since 2000 indicate a trend towards an increase in reduction in the 2010s. From 2020 onwards, the level is expected to reach around 70 million C02

Reduction Effects of Cases Carried out Since 2000

（tCO2）

0

10,000,000

20,000,000

30,000,000

40,000,000

50,000,000

60,000,000

70,000,000

80,000,000

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030



When examining the contributions to reduction per technology, the trial calculation for composite gas turbines is extremely high. However, as the number of projects is expected to increase in the future, we foresee an increase in the contributions of high-efficiency coal-fired thermal energy and sea water desalination.

Contribution to Reduction 2010～2030 (by technology)

ガスタービン複合

鉄道

冷凍冷蔵設備

水力発電

高効率石炭火力（超臨界圧石炭火力、超々臨界圧石炭火力）

火力発電（従来型）

海水淡水化

地熱発電

原子力発電所

CO2-EOR

風力発電

太陽光発電

プラント省エネ化

都市開発

メタンガス等回収

バイオマス発電


Hydraulic power generation

Railway

Cold storage

High-efficiency coal-fired power generation (super critical , ultra super critical)

Thermal power generation (conventional)

PV power generation

Desalination

Geo-thermal power generation

Wind power generation

Nuclear power generation

CO2-EOR

Plant energy-conservation

Urban development

Recovery of methane gas , etc.

Biomass power generation



When examining Japan’s contributions to reduction by country (2010～2030), we can see that the trial calculation for Vietnam, India and Qatar is high

Contribution to Reduction 2010～2030 (by country)

ベトナムインドカタール

インドネシアウズベキスタンミャンマー

タイ中国アラブ首長国連邦

オマーンイランメキシコ

バングラデシュモロッコイギリス

コロンビアエジプトアゼルバイジャン

フィリピンサウジアラビアルーマニア

ベネズエラ・ボリバル共和国アメリカチュニジア

イラクケニアスリランカ

クウェートアルメニアラオス

タンザニアコスタリカパラグアイ

シンガポールバーレーンブラジル

アブダビヨルダンオランダ

モンゴルサモアチリ

トルコモザンビークネパール

アイスランドニュージーランドカナダ

ボリビアマレーシアペルー

スリランカ、モルディブモルディブサブサハラ・アフリカ地域

スロベニアデンマークパナマ

南アフリカカーボヴェルデブルガリア

カンボジア

Uzbekistan

Qatar

Oman

Bangladesh

Egypt

Philippines

Sri Lanka

Tunisia

Chile

Costa Rica

Abu Dhabi

Sri Lanka, Maldives Sub-Saharan/African region

Nepal

Peru

South Africa

Vietnam

Myanmar

UAE

Iran

Laos

Brazil

Romania

Iraq

Armenia

Netherland

Maldives

Slovenia

Bolivia

Cape Verde

Indonesia

Thailand

Morocco

Columbia

Tanzania

Kenya

USA

Turk

Paraguay

Iceland

Mongol

Mozambique

Malaysia

Denmark

Bulgaria

India

China

Mexico

UK

Saudi Arabia

Singapore

Kuwait

Canada

Jordan

New Zealand

Panama

Cambodia

Samoa

Bahrain

Azerbaidjan

Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela



Point of Views Regarding Trial Calculation of Japan’s Contribution

Contribution to Reduction 2010～2030 （by point of view）

（tCO2）

0 1,000,000,000 2,000,000,000 3,000,000,000 4,000,000,000 5,000,000,000 6,000,000,000 7,000,000,000

A案

B案

C案

D案

E案

CASE A

CASE B

CASE C

CASE D

CASE E


Agenda

To Begin With








Trial Calculation of Reduction Volume brought about by International Contributions from Major Industrial Nations and Research ofInternational Trends

Organizations from Major Industrial Nations Targeted for Trial Calculation

With regard to the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, France and the Republic of Korea, we carried out trial calculations of

their international contributions in the same manner as our trial calculations for Japan’s international contributions. At the same time, we

undertook interviews with each organization regarding the possible consideration of international cooperation.

The target organization of each country is as follows

Target Countries – in comparison with Japan’s contributions and research of international trends

Country Name of Organization

United States Export Import Bank of the United States (USEXIM), United States Agency for International Development (USAID), Millennium

Challenge Corporation (MCC)

Germany KfW, German Agency for International Cooperation (GIZ), Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ)

United Kingdom Department for International Development

France Natexis Banques Populaires（COFACE）, French Development Agency (AFD), Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Directorate General of

the Treasury

Republic of Korea Export Import Bank of Korea (KEXIM), Korean International Cooperation Agency (KOICA), Committee for International

Development Cooperation (CIDC), Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA), Economic Development Cooperation Fund (EDCF）、Ministry of Strategy and Finance (MOSF)


Agenda

To Begin With









Our Approach to the Creation of the Public Relations Pamphlet

As well as conducting a trial calculation of the effectiveness of Japan’s garden house gas reduction

on a global basis, this project also created a Public Relations pamphlet.

The introductory pamphlet covered the following: ①Japan’s contribution to the reduction of garden

house gas on a global basis (by year, technology and country) and ②major examples of research

targets.

The introductory pamphlet will appear on the following pages.



Cover

0

“V

isu

aliz

atio

n” o

f Inte

rnatio

nal

con

tribu

tion

s w

ith J

ap

an

ese

Tech

nolo

gie

s

May, 2

01

8



Table of Contents

1

Tab

le o

f Con

ten

ts

In

trod

uctio

n o

f the c

ases o

f inte

rnatio

nal c

on

tribu

tion

s｜

V.

Larg

e th

erm

al p

ow

er g

enera

tion

VI.

Renew

able

energ

y p

ow

er g

enera

tion

VII.

Railw

ay/c

old

stora

ge/u

rban d

evelo

pm

ent

VIII.D

esalin

atio

n

IX.

Gas re

covery

X.

Pla

nt e

nerg

y co

nse

rvatio

n

In

trod

uctio

n｜

I.Positio

n o

f this d

ocum

ent

Jap

an

ese c

on

tribu

tion

s to

GH

G e

mis

sio

ns re

du

ctio

ns｜

II.Estim

atio

n o

f actu

al c

ontrib

utio

ns (b

y y

ear b

etw

een 2

010 a

nd

2030)

III.Estim

atio

n o

f actu

al c

ontrib

utio

ns (th

e to

tal o

f 2010

thro

ugh

2030 b

y te

chnolo

gy)

IV.

Estim

atio

n o

f actu

al c

ontrib

utio

ns (th

e to

tal o

f 2010 th

rough

2030 b

y c

ountry

)



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Intro

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Ⅰ．

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are

sh

ow

n th

e e

stim

atio

ns, w

hile

pro

jects

wh

ose

co

ntrib

utio

ns to

GH

G re

du

ctio

ns is

co

nsid

ere

d e

sp

ecia

lly la

rge

are

sh

ow

n fro

m

Pa

ge

6 th

rou

gh

Pa

ge

11

.

O

n p

ag

e 3

are

the

estim

ate

d re

du

ctio

n e

ffects

of re

sp

ectiv

e y

ea

rs b

etw

ee

n 2

01

0 a

nd

20

30

. On

pa

ge

4 a

re th

e o

rga

niz

ed

estim

atio

ns o

f co

ntrib

utio

ns to

red

uctio

ns b

y

tech

no

log

y b

etw

ee

n 2

01

0 a

nd

20

30

. On

Pa

ge

5, th

e e

stim

atio

ns a

re o

rga

niz

ed

by

co

un

try to

wh

ich

OD

A, e

tc. a

re g

ran

ted

.

T

he

su

pp

ort m

od

e a

nd

ou

tline

of th

e p

roje

cts

wh

ose

co

ntrib

utio

ns to

GH

G re

du

ctio

ns

are

co

nsid

ere

d h

igh

are

org

an

ize

d b

y te

ch

no

log

y.

【N

ote

s】

T

he

estim

atio

ns s

ho

wn

in th

is d

ocu

me

nt a

re th

ose

of p

roje

cts

ou

tsid

e J

ap

an

in w

hic

h

Ja

pa

n’s

pu

blic

fun

ds w

ere

(pla

nn

ed

to b

e) in

ve

ste

d, s

o th

is d

ocu

me

nt d

oe

s n

ot

ne

ce

ssa

rily s

ho

w a

ll of th

e c

on

tribu

tion

s b

y J

ap

an

.

T

he

estim

atio

ns s

ho

wn

in th

is d

ocu

me

nt w

ere

ob

tain

ed

ba

se

d o

n in

form

atio

n c

olle

cte

d

ou

t of o

pe

n in

form

atio

n. W

e m

ad

e a

nd

use

d a

ssu

mp

tion

s fo

r so

me

info

rma

tion

un

ava

ilab

le o

ut o

f op

en

info

rma

tion

.

B

esid

es, th

e e

stim

atio

ns a

fter 2

01

7 a

nd

on

wa

rd a

re g

rea

tly a

ffecte

d b

y n

ew

pro

jects

to

be

ma

de

pu

blic

an

d th

e c

ha

ng

es to

refe

ren

ce s

ce

na

rios o

f ea

ch

co

un

try. T

he

refo

re, n

ote

tha

t the

estim

atio

ns in

this

do

cu

me

nt a

re b

ase

d o

n in

form

atio

n a

va

ilab

le a

s o

f 20

17

.



Estimations of actual contributions（by year between 2010 and 2030）

3

Jap

an

’s in

tern

atio

nal c

on

tribu

tion

s to

GH

G re

du

ctio

ns

Ⅱ．

Estim

atio

ns o

f actu

al c

on

tribu

tion

s ( b

y y

ear

betw

een

20

10

an

d 2

03

0)

T

he re

ductio

n e

ffects

of p

roje

cts

imple

mente

d a

fter 2

000 s

tarte

d to

incre

ase in

the 2

010’s

and w

ill reach a

bout 7

0m

illiontC

O2 a

fter 2

020.

T

he

GH

G e

mis

sio

ns re

du

ctio

ns o

f resp

ectiv

e p

roje

cts

are

ob

tain

ed

as th

e d

iffere

nce

s

be

twe

en

refe

ren

ce e

mis

sio

ns (e

mis

sio

ns if th

ose

pro

jects

are

no

t imp

lem

en

ted

) an

d

em

issio

ns a

fter p

roje

cts

(em

issio

ns a

fter th

ose

pro

jects

are

imp

lem

en

ted

). In e

stim

atin

g th

em

,

we

em

plo

ye

d a

me

tho

d c

om

plia

nt to

JC

M a

nd

CD

M, w

hile

ma

kin

g s

ure

to g

ua

ran

tee

co

nse

rva

tive

ness.

In

this

pro

ject, w

e u

se

d p

roje

cts

imp

lem

en

ted

afte

r 20

00

am

on

g th

ose

in th

e te

ch

no

log

ica

l

are

a to

wh

ich

Ja

pa

n’s

pu

blic

fun

ds h

ad

be

en

gra

nte

d. T

he

tech

no

log

ies c

on

ce

rne

d a

re g

as

turb

ine

co

mb

ine

d p

ow

er g

en

era

tion, ra

ilwa

y, c

old

sto

rag

e/h

ydra

ulic

po

we

r ge

ne

ratio

n, h

igh

-

effic

iency th

erm

al p

ow

er g

en

era

tion

(su

pe

r critic

al c

oa

l-fine

d, u

ltra s

up

er c

ritica

l co

al-fire

d),

the

rma

l po

we

r ge

ne

ratio

n (c

on

ve

ntio

nal), s

ola

r po

we

r ge

ne

ratio

n, d

esa

lina

tion

, ge

oth

erm

al

po

we

r ge

ne

ratio

n, w

ind

po

we

r ge

ne

ratio

n, n

ucle

ar p

ow

er g

en

era

tion

, CO

2-E

OR

, pla

nt

en

erg

y-c

on

se

rvatio

n, u

rba

n d

eve

lop

me

nt, re

co

ve

ry o

f me

tha

ne

ga

s, e

tc. a

nd

bio

ma

ss p

ow

er

ge

ne

ratio

n.

W

e s

urv

eye

d th

e s

ize

an

d y

ea

r of c

om

mis

sio

n o

f tech

no

log

ies o

f the

pro

jects

wh

ose

imp

lem

en

tatio

n o

r pla

n o

f imp

lem

en

tatio

n w

ere

ma

de

pu

blic

, in e

stim

atin

g. W

e m

ad

e th

e

estim

atio

ns b

y p

roje

ct b

ase

d o

n s

uch

info

rma

tion. W

here

we

co

uld

no

t ob

tain

su

fficie

nt

info

rma

tion

ou

t of o

pe

n in

form

atio

n, w

e s

et a

ssu

mp

tion

s a

bo

ut th

e s

ize

of te

ch

no

log

ies

intro

du

ce

d b

y u

sin

g th

e a

ve

rag

es o

f pro

jects

ava

ilab

le a

s o

pe

n in

form

atio

n a

nd

tha

t the

op

era

tion

sta

rted

3 y

ea

rs a

fter th

e in

form

atio

n w

as m

ad

e p

ub

lic.

（tC

O2）0

10,0

00,0

00

20,0

00,0

00

30,0

00,0

00

40,0

00,0

00

50,0

00,0

00

60,0

00,0

00

70,0

00,0

00

80,0

00,0

00

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

2026

2027

2028

2029

2030



Estimations of actual contributions （the total 2010 through 2030, by technology）

4

Jap

an

’s in

tern

atio

nal c

on

tribu

tion

s to

GH

G re

du

ctio

ns

Ⅲ．

Estim

atio

n o

f actu

al c

on

tribu

tion

s (th

e to

tal o

f 20

10

thro

ug

h 2

03

0 b

y te

ch

nolo

gy)

The e

stimatio

ns o

f Japan’s co

ntrib

utio

ns to

reductio

ns

betw

een 2

010 a

nd 2

030 b

y te

chnolo

gy a

re h

igh in

gas tu

rbin

e

com

bin

ed p

ow

er g

enera

tion,

railw

ay, c

old

stora

ge a

reas.

H

ow

ever, c

ontrib

utio

ns a

re e

xpecte

d to

incre

ase

with

hig

h-

effic

iency c

oal-fire

d p

ow

er g

enera

tion, d

esa

linatio

n a

nd C

O2-

EO

R, m

any p

roje

cts o

f whic

h a

re a

ssum

ed to

incre

ase

.

ガスタービン複合

鉄道

冷凍冷蔵設備

水力発電

高効率石炭火力（超臨界圧石炭火力、超々臨界圧石炭火力）

火力発電（従来型）

海水淡水化

地熱発電

原子力発電所

CO

2-E

OR

風力発電

太陽光発電

プラント省エネ化

都市開発

メタンガス等回収

バイオマス発電

Gas tu

rbin

e c

om

bin

ed

Hydra

ulic

pow

er g

enera

tion

Railw

ay

Cold

sto

rage

Hig

h-e

fficie

ncy c

oal-fire

d p

ow

er g

enera

tion (s

uper c

ritical , u

ltra s

uper c

ritical)

Therm

al p

ow

er g

enera

tion (c

onventio

nal)

PV

pow

er g

enera

tion

Desalin

atio

n

Geo-th

erm

al p

ow

er g

enera

tion

Win

d p

ow

er g

enera

tion

Nucle

ar p

ow

er g

enera

tion

CO

2-E

OR

Pla

nt e

nerg

y-c

onserv

atio

n

Urb

an d

evelo

pm

ent

Recovery

of m

eth

ane g

as , e

tc.

Bio

mass p

ow

er g

enera

tion



Estimations of actual contributions （ the total 2010 through 2030, by country）

5

Jap

an

’s in

tern

atio

nal c

on

tribu

tion

s to

GH

G re

du

ctio

ns

Ⅳ．

Estim

atio

ns o

f actu

al c

on

tribu

tion

s (th

e to

tal o

f 20

10

thro

ug

h 2

03

0 b

y c

ou

ntry

)

The e

stimatio

ns o

f Japan’s c

ontrib

utio

ns to

reductio

ns

betw

een 2

010 a

nd 2

030 b

y c

ountry

are

hig

h in

Vie

tnam

, In

dia

, Qata

r.

ベトナム

インド

カタール

インドネシア

ウズベキスタン

ミャンマー

タイ

中国

アラブ首長国連邦

オマーン

イラン

メキシコ

バングラデシュ

モロッコ

イギリス

コロンビア

エジプト

アゼルバイジャン

フィリピン

サウジアラビア

ルーマニア

ベネズエラ・ボリバル共和国

アメリカ

チュニジア

イラク

ケニア

スリランカ

クウェート

アルメニア

ラオス

タンザニア

コスタリカ

パラグアイ

シンガポール

バーレーン

ブラジル

アブダビ

ヨルダン

オランダ

モンゴル

サモア

チリ

トルコ

モザンビーク

ネパール

アイスランド

ニュージーランド

カナダ

ボリビア

マレーシア

ペルー

スリランカ、モルディブ

モルディブ

サブサハラ・アフリカ地域

スロベニア

デンマーク

パナマ

南アフリカ

カーボヴェルデ

ブルガリア

カンボジア

Uzbekis

tan

Qata

r

Om

an

Bangla

desh

Egypt

Philip

pin

es

Sri L

anka

Tunis

ia

Chile

Costa

Ric

a

Abu D

habi

Sri L

anka, M

ald

ives

Sub-S

ahara

n/A

frican re

gio

n

Nepal

Peru

South

Afric

a

Vie

tnam

Myanm

ar

UA

EIra

n

Laos

Bra

zil

Rom

ania

Iraq

Arm

enia

Neth

erla

nd

Mald

ives

Slo

venia

Boliv

ia

Cape V

erd

e

Indonesia

Thaila

nd

Moro

cco

Colu

mbia

Tanzania

Kenya

US

A

Turk

Para

guay

Icela

nd

Mongol

Mozam

biq

ue

Mala

ysia

Denm

ark

Bulg

aria

India

Chin

aM

exic

o

UK

Saudi A

rabia

Sin

gapore

Kuw

ait

Canada

Jord

an

New

Zeala

nd

Panam

a

Cam

bodia

Sam

oa

Bahra

in

Azerb

aid

jan

Boliv

aria

n R

epublic

of V

enezu

ela



Introduction of the case of international contributionsLarge thermal power generation

6

Intro

du

ctio

n o

f the c

ases o

f inte

rnatio

nal c

on

tribu

tion

s

Ⅴ．

Larg

e th

erm

al p

ow

er g

en

era

tion

S

up

port m

ode: In

sura

nce u

nderw

ritten b

y N

EX

I, financed b

y J

BIC

O

utlin

e: T

he In

dia

n N

atio

nal T

herm

al P

ow

er G

enera

tion P

ub

lic C

orp

ora

tion c

onstru

ct/o

pera

te a

sup

er c

ritical c

oal-fire

d p

ow

er p

lant (8

00M

W ×

3) in

Karn

ata

ka in

south

weste

rn In

dia

. TO

SH

IBA

JS

W P

OW

ER

SY

ST

EM

S P

RIV

AT

E L

IMIT

ED

receiv

ed th

e o

rder fo

r ste

am

turb

ines.

Ultra

sup

er c

oal-fire

d th

erm

al p

ow

er g

enera

tion p

roje

ct fo

r the In

dia

n N

atio

nal T

herm

al P

ow

er

Genera

tion P

ub

lic C

orp

ora

tion

S

up

port m

ode: In

sura

nce u

nderw

ritten b

y N

EX

I

O

utlin

e: M

eja

Urja

Nig

am

Priv

ate

Lim

ited(th

e jo

int v

entu

re o

f the In

dia

n N

atio

nal T

herm

al P

ow

er

Genera

tion P

ub

lic C

orp

ora

tion

and U

ttar P

radesh P

ow

er P

ub

lic C

orp

ora

tion) c

onstru

ct a

sup

er

critic

al c

oal-fire

d p

ow

er p

lant (6

60M

W×

2)in

Utta

r Pra

desh, in

north

ern

India

. Toshib

a a

nd its

India

n s

ub

sid

iary

, Toshib

a J

SW

Pow

er S

yste

ms P

rivate

Lim

ited, d

eliv

ere

d a

set o

f eq

uip

ment s

uch

as s

team

turb

ine p

ow

er g

enera

tors

.

Therm

al p

ow

er g

enera

tion p

roje

ct in

Utta

r Pra

desh, In

dia

S

up

port m

ode: Y

en c

redit

O

utlin

e：

The In

dia

n N

atio

nal T

herm

al P

ow

er G

enera

tion P

ub

lic C

orp

ora

tion c

onstru

ct a

sup

er

critic

al c

oal-fire

d p

ow

er p

lant w

ith o

utp

ut o

f 1,9

80M

W（660M

W×

3) in

Jhark

hand in

easte

rn In

dia

.

North

Kara

mp

ura

Ultra

sup

er c

ritical c

oal-fire

d c

onstru

ctio

n p

roje

ct

Larg

e th

erm

al p

ow

er g

enera

tion, su

per critica

l and u

ltra su

per critica

l coal-fire

d p

ow

er

genera

tion a

re te

chnolo

gie

s to g

enera

te p

ow

er b

y se

tting th

e te

mpera

ture

and

pre

ssure

of ste

am

fed fro

m b

oile

rs to ste

am

turb

ines u

sed fo

r therm

al p

ow

er

genera

tion h

igher th

an c

onventio

nal o

nes. T

hese

tech

nolo

gie

s allo

w re

ducin

g th

erm

al

energ

y fo

r gasify

ing w

ate

r and a

chie

ve h

igher e

fficiency

in p

ow

er g

enera

tion, le

adin

g to

th

e re

ductio

n o

f CO

2 e

miss

ions p

er p

ow

er g

enera

ted.

S

up

port m

ode：

Fin

anced a

nd g

uara

nte

ed b

y J

BIC

O

utlin

e：：

PT

Bhim

asena P

ow

er In

donesia

(investe

d b

y J

-PO

WE

R a

nd IT

OC

HU

) constru

ct a

n u

ltra

sup

er c

ritical c

oal-fire

d p

ow

er p

lant w

ith a

cap

acity

of 2

,000M

W (1

,000M

W×

2) in

Bata

ng

, Java in

centra

l Indonesia

.

(Pla

nned p

roje

cts

) Centra

l Java c

oal-fire

d p

ow

er g

enera

tion p

roje

ct in

Indonesia

S

up

port m

ode: Y

en c

redit

O

utlin

e: C

onstru

ctio

n o

f 2 6

00M

W h

igh

-effic

iency u

ltra s

up

er c

ritical c

oal-fire

d p

ow

er p

lants

in

south

easte

rn B

ang

ladesh (p

hase 1

), a h

igh-e

fficie

ncy

ultra

sup

er c

ritical c

oal-fire

d p

ow

er p

lant w

ith

a ra

ted o

utp

ut o

f 1,2

00M

W (6

00M

W x

2) in

Mata

rbari, C

hitta

gong

, in th

e s

outh

east

(phase 2

) and

a h

igh-e

fficie

ncy u

ltra s

up

er c

ritical c

oal-fire

d p

ow

er p

lant (c

ap

acity

unknow

n) in

Mata

rbari, ,

Chitta

gong

, in th

e s

outh

east (p

hase 3

).

(Pla

nned p

roje

cts

) Mata

rbari u

ltra s

up

er c

ritical c

oal-fire

d p

ow

er g

enera

tion p

roje

ct (Ⅰ

-III)

S

up

port m

ode: D

em

onstra

tion b

y N

ED

O

O

utlin

e: S

trive fo

r makin

g c

og

enera

tion m

ore

effic

ient b

y in

troducin

g a

hig

h-e

fficie

ncy g

as tu

rbin

e

cog

enera

tion s

yste

m c

onsis

ted o

f a g

as tu

rbin

e p

ow

er g

enera

tor in

the ra

ng

e o

f 17M

W o

utp

ut,

GP

B 1

80D

, and a

heat re

covery

ste

am

genera

tor in

the U

zb

ekenerg

oF

arg

’ona C

og

enera

tion p

lant

in F

arg

’ona C

ity, U

zb

ekis

tan, b

y K

HI a

nd M

aru

beni U

tility S

erv

ice a

nd d

em

onstra

te th

e m

ove to

a

cog

enera

ting

pla

nt fro

m a

heat tra

nsp

ort p

lant b

y in

troducin

g a

syste

m c

onsis

ted o

f a g

as tu

rbin

e

pow

er g

enera

tor in

the ra

ng

e o

f 7M

W o

utp

ut, G

PB

80D

, and a

heat re

covery

hot w

ate

r genera

tor in

RK

3 h

eat tra

nsp

ort p

lant in

the c

ity.

(Dem

onstra

tion o

f an a

dvanced te

chnolo

gy) D

em

onstra

tion o

f dis

pers

ed m

iddle

/sm

all g

as tu

rbin

e h

igh –

effic

iency c

og

enera

tion in

Uzb

ekis

tan

Sourc

e ) V

ario

us o

pen m

ate

rials



Introduction of the case of international contributions Renewable energy power generation

7

Intro

du

ctio

n o

f the c

ases o

f inte

rnatio

nal c

on

tribu

tion

s

Ⅵ．

Ren

ew

able

en

erg

y p

ow

er g

en

era

tion

S

up

port m

ode: In

sura

nce u

nderw

ritten b

y N

EX

I, financed b

y J

BIC

O

utlin

e: S

ham

s M

a‘a

n in

veste

d b

y M

itsub

ishi C

orp

ora

tion c

onstru

ct a

PV

pla

nt w

ith th

e o

utp

ut o

f

52,5

00 k

ilow

atts

inA

mm

an, J

ord

an.

Fin

ancin

g a

PV

pro

ject in

the H

ashem

ite K

ing

dom

of J

ord

an

S

up

port m

ode; Y

en c

redit

O

utlin

e: T

he S

tate

Grid

Corp

ora

tion o

f Chin

a c

onstru

ct a

pum

ped

-sto

rag

e p

ow

er s

tatio

n

(300M

W×

4) a

nd a

ssocia

ted fa

cilitie

s in

Wuta

i county

, Xin

zhou

City

, Shanxi P

rovin

ce, C

hin

a.

Xilo

ng

chip

um

ped‐

sto

rag

e p

ow

er s

tatio

np

roje

ct in

Shanxi P

rovin

ce

S

up

port m

ode: Y

en c

redit

Outlin

e: T

he N

ew

/Renew

ab

le E

nerg

y A

gency a

nd E

gyp

t Ele

ctric

ity T

ransm

issio

n C

om

pany c

onstru

ct a

win

d p

ow

er p

lant o

f the to

tal o

utp

ut o

f 220M

W in

the d

esert

locatin

g a

bout 3

50km

to th

e s

outh

east o

f

Cairo

, the c

ap

ital o

f Eg

yp

t.

Gulf o

f El Z

ayt w

ind p

ow

er g

enera

tion p

roje

ct

S

up

port m

ode: In

sura

nce u

nderw

ritten b

y N

EX

I

O

utlin

e: A

ustria

n S

ola

r Chile

Cuatro

Sp

A, c

o-in

veste

d b

y S

ojitz

, Shik

oku

EP

CO

,S

ojitz

Corp

ora

tion

of A

meric

a a

nd F

rench E

iffag

e S

.A., c

onstru

ct a

PV

pow

er p

lant w

ith a

cap

acity

of 9

8.0

MW

in

Huata

condo in

North

Ata

cam

a D

esert, C

hile

.

(Pla

nned p

roje

ct) H

uata

condo P

V p

ow

er g

enera

tion p

roje

ct/C

hile

S

up

port m

ode: Y

en c

redit

O

utlin

e: C

onstru

ctio

n o

f a w

ate

r reserv

oir ty

pe h

ydra

ulic

pow

er p

lant (7

0M

W x

2) , e

tc. in

Tanahun,

Nep

al.

(Pla

nned p

roje

ct) T

anahun h

ydra

ulic

-pow

er g

enera

tion p

roje

ct

S

up

port m

ode: D

em

onstra

tion b

y N

ED

O

O

utlin

e: In

sta

ll a 6

MW

PV

pow

er g

enera

tion s

yste

m in

the N

eem

rana

Industria

l Park

in R

aja

sth

an

S

tate

and b

uild

a m

icro

-grid

syste

m lin

ked to

a P

V p

ow

er g

enera

tion s

yste

m a

nd m

ultip

le d

iesel

pow

er g

enera

tors

to d

em

onstra

te th

e te

chnolo

gy o

f the s

yste

m to

sup

ply

pow

er to

com

panie

s in

the in

dustria

l park

and to

pow

er g

rids.

Technolo

gic

al d

em

onstra

tion w

ith a

larg

e P

V p

ow

er g

enera

tion s

yste

m, e

tc.

S

up

port m

ode: F

inanced b

y J

BIC

O

utlin

e: A

corp

ora

tion o

f Caym

an Is

lands, S

aru

lla O

pera

tions L

TD

investe

d b

y IT

OC

HU

, Kyushu

EP

CO

, etc

. constru

ct a

geo-th

erm

al p

ow

er p

lant w

ith a

cap

acity

of 3

20.8

MW

(3 s

yste

ms) in

Saru

lla

in N

orth

Sum

atra

, Indonesia

.

Saru

lla g

eo-th

erm

al p

ow

er g

enera

tion p

roje

ct

in In

donesia

S

up

port m

ode: D

em

onstra

tion b

y N

ED

O

O

utlin

e: T

he firs

t waste

incin

era

tion p

ow

er p

lant in

Vie

tnam

constru

cte

d b

y H

itachi Z

osen.

Incin

era

ting

75 to

ns a

day n

ot o

nly

realiz

es a

volu

me re

ductio

n o

f ab

out 1

0%

(ab

out 7

.5to

ns) b

ut

genera

tes p

ow

er a

s m

uch a

s 1

930kW

by c

og

enera

tion. T

he p

lant e

mp

loys a

uniq

ue te

chnolo

gy

whic

h b

low

s b

urn

t air s

tep

by s

tep

into

the ro

tary

furn

ace m

ain

ly u

sed fo

r industria

l waste

treatm

ent

to in

cin

era

te a

t a h

igh te

mp

. and s

tab

ly v

ario

us k

inds o

f industria

l waste

, whic

h a

llow

s fo

llow

ing

stric

t gas e

mis

sio

n re

gula

tions.

(Dem

onstra

tion o

f advanced te

chnolo

gie

s) D

em

onstra

tion o

f an in

dustria

l waste

pow

er g

enera

tion

technolo

gy

Sourc

e ) V

ario

us o

pen m

ate

rials



Introduction of the case of international contributions Railway, cold storage, urban development

8

Intro

du

ctio

n o

f the c

ases o

f inte

rnatio

nal c

on

tribu

tion

s

Ⅶ．

Railw

ay, c

old

sto

rag

e, u

rban

develo

pm

en

t

S

up

port m

ode: Y

en c

redit

O

utlin

e: D

evelo

pm

ent p

roje

ct o

f the h

igh

-sp

eed ra

ilway n

etw

ork

radia

lly e

xte

nded fro

m th

e c

ente

r

of th

e c

ity, ru

n b

y th

e D

elh

i Tra

nsp

orta

tion P

ub

lic C

orp

ora

tion in

Delh

i, India

. In P

hase 1

, 3 lin

es o

f

58.6

km

in to

tal; u

nderg

round s

ectio

ns o

f 13.2

km

, ab

oveg

round s

ectio

ns o

f 4.5

km

and e

levate

d

sectio

ns o

f 40.9

km

were

constru

cte

d. In

Phase 2

, 82.8

0km

was d

evelo

ped. In

Phase 3

to c

om

e, it

is p

lanned to

develo

p 1

03km

.

【R

ailw

ay】

Delh

i Hig

h-S

peed T

ransp

orta

tion S

yste

m C

onstru

ctio

n p

roje

ct

S

up

port m

ode: Y

en c

redit

O

utlin

e: A

s th

e firs

t hig

h-s

peed m

ass-tra

nsp

orta

tion s

yste

m in

Bang

alo

re C

ity in

south

ern

India

, the

constru

ctio

n o

f a s

ub

way a

nd e

levate

d/a

boveg

round ra

ilways (a

bout 3

3km

in to

tal) (in

cl. 3

1 s

tatio

ns)

and th

e p

rocure

ment o

f rollin

g s

tock a

nd s

o o

n w

ere

sup

porte

d in

Phase 1

. In P

hase 2

, the

constru

ctio

n o

f the h

igh

-sp

eed m

ass-tra

nsp

orta

tion s

yste

m o

f ab

out 4

2.3

km

in to

tal is

sup

porte

d.

【R

ailw

ay】

Metro

constru

ctio

n p

roje

ct in

Bang

alo

re

S

up

port m

ode : Y

en c

redit

O

utlin

e: M

etro

de P

anam

á, S

.A. d

evelo

p a

monora

il syste

m in

the s

ectio

n (a

bout 2

6km

) connectin

g

Alb

rook in

the c

ente

r of th

e c

ap

ital a

nd C

iudad d

el F

utu

ro w

here

a ro

lling

sto

ck y

ard

is p

lanned to

constru

ct o

ut o

f the u

rban tra

ffic lin

e 3

connectin

g th

e c

ente

r of P

anam

a c

ity a

nd L

a C

horre

ra, a

metro

polis

in th

e w

est

【R

ailw

ay】

(pla

nned p

roje

ct) P

anam

a m

etro

polita

n u

rban tra

ffic d

evelo

pm

ent p

roje

ct

S

up

port m

ode: Y

en c

redit

O

utlin

e: D

evelo

pm

ent o

f railw

ay c

onnectin

g th

e c

ente

r of B

uchare

st C

ity a

nd In

tern

atio

nal A

irport in

the c

ap

ital o

f Buchare

st o

f Rom

ania

(16km

)

【R

ailw

ay】

(pla

nned p

roje

ct) B

uchare

st In

tern

atio

nal A

irport a

ccess ra

ilway c

onstru

ctio

n p

roje

ct

S

up

port m

ode: In

sura

nce u

nderw

ritten b

y N

EX

I

O

utlin

e: A

cold

chain

log

istic

s b

asin

g a

t 3-te

mp

era

ture

level lo

gis

tics s

tora

ges (o

rdin

ary

,

refrig

era

ting

, freezin

g) ru

n b

y P

rem

ium

Sojitz

Log

istic

s C

o., L

td, th

e jo

int v

entu

re o

f Sojitz

, its g

roup

com

pany, S

ojitz

Log

istic

s, a

nd P

rem

ium

Dis

tributio

n C

o., L

td, a

food &

daily

consum

ptio

n g

oods

whole

sale

r of th

e C

ity M

art G

roup

, the b

igg

est in

the re

tail/d

istrib

utio

n a

rea in

Myanm

ar.

【C

old

sto

rag

e 】

Cold

chain

log

istic

s p

roje

ct

S

up

port m

ode: O

vers

eas lo

ans a

nd in

vestm

ents

O

utlin

e: C

onstru

ctio

n o

f a fin

ancia

l cente

r build

ing

(with

an o

ffice flo

or a

rea o

f 231,0

00m

2) in C

hin

a

with

the in

vestm

ent in

the c

onstru

ctio

n a

nd o

pera

ting

com

pany o

f the b

uild

ing

by a

n in

vestin

g

com

pany in

veste

d b

y J

ICA

and 3

4 J

ap

anese p

rivate

com

panie

s

【U

rban d

evelo

pm

ent】

Fin

ancia

l cente

r build

ing

constru

ctio

n &

op

era

tion p

roje

ct in

Chin

a

Sourc

e ) V

ario

us o

pen m

ate

rials

S

up

port m

ode. F

inance b

y J

BIC

O

utlin

e: R

yob

i (Vie

tnam

) Dis

tributio

n S

erv

ice C

om

pany L

imite

d, th

e s

ub

sid

iary

of R

yob

i Hold

ing

s in

Vie

tnam

, finance th

e o

pera

tion b

usin

ess o

f cold

sto

rag

es in

an in

dustria

l park

in H

o C

hi M

inh C

ity.

【C

old

sto

rag

e】

Op

era

tion o

f cold

sto

rag

es



Introduction of the case of international contributions Desalination

9

Intro

du

ctio

n o

f the c

ases o

f inte

rnatio

nal c

on

tribu

tion

s

Ⅷ．

Desalin

atio

n

Th

ere

are

two

de

sa

lina

tion

me

tho

ds; (1

) eva

po

ratio

n p

roce

ss to

ge

t fresh

wa

ter b

y h

ea

ting

an

d v

ap

oriz

ing

se

aw

ate

r an

d c

on

de

nsin

g th

e re

su

ltan

t ste

am

an

d (2

) reve

rse

osm

osis

me

mb

ran

e m

eth

od

(RO

me

mb

ran

e m

eth

od

) to g

et fre

sh

wa

ter b

y p

ressu

rizin

g s

ea

wa

ter

hig

he

r tha

n th

e o

sm

otic

pre

ssu

re o

f sa

lt co

nte

nts

. Th

e fo

rme

r allo

ws a

n e

ffectiv

e u

se

of h

ea

t

ge

ne

rate

d in

a p

ow

er p

lan

t by in

sta

lling

the

syste

m n

ext to

it. Th

e la

tter b

ea

rs th

e

ch

ara

cte

ristic

tha

t its e

ne

rgy c

on

su

mp

tion

is le

ss th

an

tha

t of th

e e

va

po

ratio

n p

roce

ss.

S

up

port m

ode: F

inanced b

y J

BIC

O

utlin

e: S

HA

MA

L A

Z-Z

OU

R A

L-O

ULA

FO

R T

HE

BU

ILD

ING

, EX

EC

UT

ION

, OP

ER

AT

ION

,

MA

NA

GE

ME

NT

AN

D M

AIN

TE

NA

NC

E O

F T

HE

FIR

ST

PH

AS

E O

F A

Z-Z

OU

R P

OW

ER

PLA

NT

K.S

.C., th

e s

ub

sid

iary

of S

um

itom

o C

orp

ora

tion in

Kuw

ait, c

onstru

ct a

natu

ral g

as-fire

d c

om

bin

ed

cycle

pow

er g

enera

tion/d

esalin

atio

n p

lant w

ith a

pow

er c

ap

acity

of a

bout 1

,500M

W a

nd a

desalin

atio

n c

ap

acity

of a

bout 4

80,0

00m

3/day in

Az-Z

our N

orth

ab

out 1

00km

in th

e s

outh

of K

uw

ait

City

, the c

ap

ital o

f Kuw

ait.

Az-Z

our N

orth

pow

er g

enera

tion/d

esalin

atio

n p

roje

ct in

the S

tate

of K

uw

ait

S

up

port m

ode: F

inanced b

y J

BIC

O

utlin

e:

Ruw

ais

Pow

er C

om

pany P

.J.S

.C., a

com

pany o

f Ab

u D

hab

i, co

-founded b

y M

aru

beni,

Suez T

racte

bel,

asub

sid

iary

of F

rench G

DF

Suez, a

nd th

e A

bu D

hab

i Wate

r and E

lectric

ity

Auth

ority

constru

ct a

natu

ral g

as-fire

d c

om

bin

ed c

ycle

pow

er/d

esalin

atio

n fa

cility

with

a p

ow

er

cap

acity

of a

bout 1

,507M

W a

nd a

desalin

atio

n c

ap

acity

of 1

00m

illion g

allo

ns/d

ay in

Shuw

eih

at

250km

in th

e s

outh

weste

rn A

bu D

hab

i.

Shuw

eih

at S

2 p

ow

er g

enera

tion/d

esalin

atio

n p

roje

ct in

the E

mira

te o

f Ab

u D

hab

i, the U

AE

S

up

port m

ode:

Dem

onstra

tion b

y N

ED

O

O

utlin

e: D

em

onstra

tion o

f an e

nerg

y-c

onserv

ing

desalin

atio

n te

chnolo

gy jo

intly

execute

d b

y

Durb

an C

ity o

f South

Afric

a a

nd N

ED

O, c

onstru

ctin

g a

dem

onstra

tion fa

cility

cap

ab

le o

f pro

ducin

g

drin

kin

g w

ate

r of 6

,250

tons fro

m ra

w w

ate

r. Its a

im is

energ

y-c

onserv

atio

n o

f more

than 3

0%

over

the c

onventio

nal te

chnolo

gie

s a

nd th

e re

ductio

n o

f load o

n th

e s

urro

undin

g m

arin

e e

nviro

nm

ent.

T

echnolo

gic

al fe

atu

res:

①C

onventio

nal m

eth

ods h

ave a

n is

sue th

at h

igh

-pre

ssure

pum

ps (6～

7M

P) c

onsum

e a

lot o

f

pow

er in

desalin

atio

n w

ith R

O m

em

bra

nes (re

vers

e o

sm

osis

mem

bra

ne). T

he te

chnolo

gy to

be d

em

onstra

ted in

this

pro

ject re

aliz

es d

esalin

atio

n w

ith m

ediu

m-p

ressure

pum

ps (3～

4M

Pa) b

y d

ilutin

g s

ea w

ate

r with

wate

r left o

ver in

the s

ew

ag

e re

genera

tion p

rocess to

low

er

its c

oncentra

tion. It c

an c

onserv

e e

nerg

y m

ore

than 3

0%

.

②W

ith c

onventio

nal m

eth

ods, w

ate

r of h

igh s

lat c

oncentra

tion a

fter fre

sh w

ate

r is p

ressed o

ut

of s

ea w

ate

r must b

e d

rain

ed in

to th

e s

urro

undin

g s

ea, p

osin

g c

oncern

s a

bout in

fluences o

n

the m

arin

e e

nviro

nm

ent. W

ith th

e te

chnolo

gy to

be d

em

onstra

ted in

this

pro

ject, s

ea w

ate

r is

desalin

ate

d a

fter d

ilute

d. It m

akes p

ossib

le to

min

imiz

e in

fluences o

n th

e m

arin

e e

nviro

nm

ent

because th

e s

alt c

oncentra

tion o

f the d

rain

ag

e is

ab

out th

e s

am

e a

s s

ea w

ate

r’s.

③D

esalin

atio

n b

y m

ixin

g w

ate

r afte

r reg

enera

ting

sew

ag

e a

nd s

ea w

ate

r can u

se s

malle

r sea

wate

r pum

pin

g fa

cilitie

s a

nd p

re-tre

atm

ent fa

cilitie

s th

an th

ose o

f conventio

nal m

eth

od,

reducin

g th

e o

vera

ll constru

ctio

n c

ost b

y 1

5%

.

(Dem

onstra

tion o

f advanced te

chnolo

gie

s) D

em

onstra

tion o

f energ

y-c

onserv

ing

desalin

atio

n te

chnolo

gy

in S

outh

Afric

a

S

up

port m

ode: F

inanced b

y J

BIC

O

utlin

e: M

uscat C

ity D

esalin

atio

n C

om

pany S

.A.O

.C, a

com

pany o

f Om

an, c

o-fo

unded b

y

Sum

itom

o C

orp

. and M

ala

koff C

orp

ora

tion B

erh

ad, a

Mala

ysia

n c

om

pany, a

nd C

adag

ua, S

.A, s

Sp

anis

h c

om

pany, c

onstru

ct a

revers

e o

sm

osis

mem

bra

ne m

eth

od d

esalin

atio

n p

lant w

ith a

cap

acity

of a

bout 1

91,0

00m

3/d

ay in

Al G

hub

rah, M

uscat C

ity, th

e c

ap

ital o

f Om

an.

Al G

hub

rah d

esalin

atio

n p

roje

ct in

the S

ulta

nate

of O

man

Sourc

e ) V

ario

us o

pen m

ate

rials



Introduction of the case of international contributions Gas Recovery

10

Intro

du

ctio

n o

f the c

ases o

f inte

rnatio

nal c

on

tribu

tion

s

Ⅸ．

Gas re

covery

CO

2-E

OR

（E

nh

an

ce

d O

il Re

co

ve

ry) is

a te

ch

no

log

y to

reco

ve

r cru

de

oil re

ma

inin

g

un

de

rgro

und

by fe

ed

ing

reco

ve

red

CO

2 e

mitte

d fro

m p

ow

er p

lan

ts a

nd

facto

ries in

to o

il-

be

arin

g s

tratu

m v

ia p

ipe

line

s, e

tc.

Th

is te

ch

no

log

y a

llow

s d

ram

atic

ally

rais

ing

the

oil re

co

ve

ry ra

te w

hic

h is

on

ly a

bo

ut 2

0~

30

%

with

co

nve

ntio

na

l tech

no

log

ies a

nd

als

o re

du

cin

g C

O2

co

nce

ntra

tion in

the

atm

osp

he

re b

y

reta

inin

g C

O2

un

de

rgro

un

d.

S

up

port m

ode; P

artic

ipatio

n o

f OG

ME

C in

the d

em

onstra

tion p

roje

ct

O

utlin

e: C

onoco P

hillip

s C

om

pany (C

oP

, US

A) d

em

onstra

te th

e re

pla

cem

ent b

ehavio

r from

meth

ane (C

H4) h

ydra

te to

CO

2 h

ydra

te th

roug

h a

rep

lacem

ent e

xp

erim

ent o

f pre

ss

-feedin

g C

O2

into

the m

eth

ane h

ydra

te la

yer u

nder th

e p

erm

afro

ston th

e s

ite in

North

Slo

pe, A

laska. In

the

dem

onstra

tion, it w

as c

onfirm

ed th

at m

eth

ane g

as w

as p

roduced. It is

exp

ecte

d to

use th

e

know

ledg

e o

bta

ined in

the d

em

onstra

tion fo

r meth

ane g

as d

evelo

pm

ent b

usin

ess.

CO

2 re

pla

ced g

as re

covery

dem

onstra

tion p

roje

ct in

North

Slo

pe,

Ala

ska

S

up

port m

ode: P

ilot te

st b

y J

OG

ME

C

O

utlin

e: P

ilot te

st o

f CO

2 -EO

R a

t sea ta

rgetin

g a

t Rang

Dong

oil fie

ld o

ff Vie

tnam

, where

the e

ffect

of p

roductio

n in

cre

ase o

f the o

il field

was c

onfirm

ed. T

he p

ilot te

st e

mp

loyed a

sm

all-s

ize te

stin

g

that C

O2

was p

ress-fe

d in

to a

well a

nd p

roduce c

rude o

il from

the s

am

e w

ell.

Pilo

t test o

f CO

2-E

OR

at s

ea ta

rgetin

g a

t Rang

Dong

oil fie

ld o

ff Vie

tnam

S

up

port m

ode: In

sura

nce u

nderw

ritten b

y N

EX

I

O

utlin

e: C

O2 re

covery

/rete

ntio

n/e

nhanced o

il recovery

(CO

2 -EO

R)

pro

ject jo

intly

execute

d b

y J

X

Nip

pon O

il & G

as E

xp

lora

tion C

orp

ora

tion a

nd N

RG

Energ

y, In

c., th

e le

adin

g U

S p

ow

er c

om

pany,

to c

onstru

ct a

pla

nt to

recover C

O2 (a

cap

acity

of 4

,776 to

ns /d

ay) o

ut o

f burn

t exhaust g

as a

t W.A

.

Paris

hcoal-fire

d p

ow

er p

lant o

wned b

y th

e N

RG

sub

sid

iary

, aim

ing

at e

nhancin

g re

covery

of c

rude

oil o

f West R

anch O

il Fie

ld w

hose p

roductio

n o

f cru

de o

il decre

ased in

the M

exic

an G

ulf o

f the

sta

te b

y p

ress-fe

edin

g C

O2 re

covere

d o

ut o

f exhaust g

as fo

rm th

e p

ow

er p

lant.

CO

2-

enhance o

il recovery

(CO

2-E

OR

) pro

ject/U

SA

Sourc

e ) V

ario

us o

pen m

ate

rials

Therm

al p

ow

er

pla

nt/

oil re

finery

N2,

etc

.

Exhaust

gas

Separa

tion/

recovery

Tra

nsport

Pre

ss-

feed

Pip

elin

e

Cru

de o

il

Coil-b

earin

g

stra

tum



Introduction of the case of international contributionsPlant Energy-Conservation

11

Intro

du

ctio

n o

f the c

ases o

f inte

rnatio

nal c

on

tribu

tion

s

Ⅹ．

Pla

nt e

nerg

y-c

on

serv

atio

n

Ele

ctric

arc

furn

ace

s a

re a

n e

lectric

furn

ace

to m

elt m

eta

l an

d re

fracto

ry m

ate

rials

by a

n

ele

ctric

he

atin

g m

eth

od

wh

ich

use

s h

ea

t ca

lled

arc

he

atin

g. C

on

ve

ntio

na

l furn

ace

s c

on

su

me

ma

ssiv

e p

ow

er, b

ut th

e e

nviro

nm

en

t-friend

ly a

rc fu

rna

ce

s c

on

tain

he

at in

the

furn

ace

,

allo

win

g p

re-h

ea

ting

me

tal s

cra

ps. T

he

refo

re, n

ece

ssa

ry p

ow

er fo

r me

lting

me

tals

is

red

uce

d, c

om

pa

red

to th

at o

f co

nve

ntio

na

l tech

no

log

ies. T

he

CO

s re

du

ctio

n e

ffect is

exp

ecte

d.

S

up

port m

ode: D

em

onstra

tion b

y N

ED

O

O

utlin

e: E

nviro

nm

ent-frie

ndly

hig

h-e

fficie

ncy a

rc fu

rnace in

the s

teel m

akin

g p

rocess in

sta

lled in

Chonb

uri C

ity, T

haila

nd, b

y S

teel P

lante

ch. T

he e

nerg

y-c

onserv

atio

n e

ffect o

f ab

out 3

0%

com

pare

d to

conventio

nal e

lectric

furn

aces a

nd C

O2 re

ductio

n a

re e

xp

ecte

d. It c

an m

eet J

ap

an’s

Air P

ollu

tant E

xhaust S

tandard

by e

quip

pin

g d

ioxin

treatm

ent e

quip

ment.

Dem

onstra

tion o

f enviro

nm

ent-frie

ndly

hig

h-e

fficie

ncy a

rc fu

rnace in

Thaila

nd

S

up

port m

ode:D

em

onstra

tion b

y N

ED

O

O

utlin

e: F

acility

to u

se a

ltern

ativ

e fu

el to

coal n

ew

ly b

uilt in

a c

em

ent fa

cto

ry in

Bahau, N

eg

eri

Sem

bila

n S

tate

, Mala

ysia

.It is

consis

ted o

f a s

cra

p tire

s/b

iom

ass fe

edin

g s

yste

m, c

hlo

rine b

yp

ass

syste

m (a

syste

m to

sep

ara

te a

nd b

yp

ass d

ust fro

m a

cem

ent m

anufa

ctu

ring

facility

to p

revent

functio

nal d

eg

radatio

n o

f the c

em

ent m

anufa

ctu

ring

facility

due to

stic

kin

g d

ust c

onta

inin

g c

hlo

rine

exis

ting

in e

xhaust g

as) a

nd T

C s

yste

m (a

syste

m to

condense a

nd s

olid

ify d

ust in

sta

nta

neously

to

pre

vent fu

nctio

nal d

eg

radatio

n o

f the c

em

ent m

anufa

ctu

ring

facility

due to

stic

kin

g d

ust c

onta

inin

g

sulfu

ric c

onte

nts

exis

ting

in e

xhaust g

as ). T

o d

em

onstra

te th

e re

ductio

n o

f coal u

sed b

y 2

5%

and

GH

G re

ductio

ns, b

y p

artly

rep

lacin

g c

oal u

sed a

s fu

el a

t pre

sent b

y b

iom

ass (s

train

ed le

es o

f palm

oil) a

nd in

dustria

l waste

(scra

p tire

s, e

tc.) a

nd s

ep

ara

ting

dust c

onta

inin

g v

ola

tile c

onte

nts

such a

s

chlo

rine a

nd s

ulfu

r in e

xhaust g

as o

r condensin

g a

nd s

olid

ifyin

g to

pre

vent o

pera

tion e

fficie

ncy

from

dro

pp

ing

due to

dust s

tickin

g in

sid

e a

manufa

ctu

ring

facility

.

Effe

ct u

se m

odel p

roje

ct o

f bio

mass a

nd w

aste

at a

cem

ent fa

cto

ry

S

up

port m

ode:D

em

onstra

tion b

y N

ED

O

O

utlin

e: A

join

t ventu

re o

f Tora

y C

o. a

nd M

itsui S

ug

ar C

o. fo

unded in

Thaila

nd, le

ad th

e

dem

onstra

tion o

f a te

chnolo

gy to

manufa

ctu

re h

igh

-quality

and lo

w c

ost s

ug

ar m

ate

rials

out o

f

inedib

le b

iom

ass a

nd re

duce e

nerg

y b

y a

bout 5

0%

for m

anufa

ctu

ring

sug

ar b

y u

sin

g s

ep

ara

tion

mem

bra

nes fo

r wate

r treatm

ent in

the s

acchariz

atio

n a

nd re

finin

g p

rocesses.

Dem

onstra

tion p

roje

ct o

f energ

y-c

onserv

ing

cellu

lose s

acchariz

atio

n fro

m s

urp

lus b

ag

gase

S

up

port m

ode:D

em

onstra

tion b

y N

ED

O

O

utlin

e: T

he In

dia

n M

inis

try o

f Ste

el a

nd M

inis

try o

f Tre

asury

, ST

EE

L A

UT

HO

RIT

Y O

F IN

DIA

LIM

ITE

D, a

sta

te-o

wned s

teel m

aker, a

nd N

ED

O jo

intly

dem

onstra

te a

syste

m to

imp

rove e

nerg

y

manag

em

ent a

nd u

se e

fficie

ncy a

nd re

duce th

e to

tal e

nerg

y c

ost b

y a

bout 1

1%

a y

ear o

f a

ste

elw

ork

s b

y fo

cusin

g o

n d

em

and a

nd s

up

ply

pro

jectio

n a

nd o

ptim

izatio

n. T

he s

yste

m “S

teel E

MS

solu

tion” c

onducts

the b

asic

functio

n o

f the e

nerg

y c

ente

r of s

up

ply

and d

em

and p

roje

ctio

n a

nd

op

timiz

atio

n b

y c

olle

ctiv

ely

manag

ing

vario

us m

assiv

e e

nerg

y u

sed in

a s

teelw

ork

s to

imp

rove

energ

y m

anag

em

ent a

nd u

se e

fficie

ncy a

nd re

duce th

e to

tal e

nerg

y c

ost o

f the s

teelw

ork

s .

Dem

onstra

tion p

roje

ct o

f op

timal te

chnolo

gie

s fo

r energ

y c

ente

rs o

f ste

el m

akers

S

up

port m

ode:D

em

onstra

tion b

y N

ED

O

O

utlin

e: T

he In

dia

n M

inis

try o

f Ste

el a

nd M

inis

try o

f Tre

asury

, ST

EE

L A

UT

HO

RIT

Y O

F IN

DIA

LIM

ITE

D, a

sta

te-o

wned s

teel m

aker, a

nd N

ED

O jo

intly

dem

onstra

te h

igh

-perfo

rmance in

dustria

l

furn

aces b

y in

troducin

g a

reg

enera

tive b

urn

er w

ith a

pair o

f 2 b

urn

ers

whic

h a

ltern

ate

ly b

urn

to a

ste

el h

eate

r as a

n e

nerg

y-c

onserv

ing

technolo

gy to

meet in

cre

asin

g e

nerg

y d

em

and. It is

exp

ecte

d

that th

e e

nerg

y c

onsum

ptio

n is

reduced b

y 2

.1m

illion to

ns a

year in

heavy o

il and C

O2 e

mis

sio

ns

is re

duced b

y 6

,000to

ns a

year.

Dem

onstra

tion p

roje

ct o

f hig

h-e

fficie

ncy in

dustria

l furn

aces in

India

Sourc

e ) V

ario

us o

pen m

ate

rials


二次利用未承諾リスト

報告書の題名　日本の技術を通じた国際貢献の見える化事業

委託事業名　平成２９年度二国間クレジット取得等のためのインフラ整備調査事業

受注事業者名　株式会社野村総合研究所

頁図表番号6 -

31 -

タイトルリファレンス排出量とプロジェクト排出量のイメージ

技術紹介

research of infrastructure preparation for bilateral

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