SEMINAR ON ROLE OF

RESEARCH,LEADERShip AND MANAGEMENT

INTRODUCTIONNurse means to foster or cherish ; to treat of handle with

care; to bring up; to train and to preserve. So the name nurse suggest attendance and service. The root meaning of the word research is to search again or to examine carefully.

DEFINITIONResearch may be defined as planned, systematic search for information for the purpose of increasing the total body of mans knowledge. It involves looking for information which at the time in not available or for which that has no generally accepted evidence.

ROLE OF RESEARCH IN NURSING

Build a body of nursing knowledge Validate improvement in nursing Make health care efficient as well as cost effective.

SIGNIFICANCE OF RESEARCH IN NURSING

To improve nursing careFor the Patients out comes For the health care delivery system

The knowledge generated through research is essential to provide a scientific basis for Description,Explanation Prediction To control of nursing practices.

REASONS FOR UNDERTAKING RESEARCH IN NURSING

Promote basis for infrastructure’

Development of new tools

Effective planning.

To develop nursing theories

To discover and develop THE means of

nursing actions to provide answers to guide the practioners in a decision making

processto document their role as well to demonstrate

the quality of care To meet the demands

of the society

NEED FOR NURSING RESEARCH

PURPOSES OF NURSE IN RESEARCH

Discover the new facts Finding answers to partially solved problems Improve the existing techniques Discover previously unrecognized findingsDiscovering new pathway of action

ROLE OF NURSE IN RESEARCH

Read and interpret the report of research Identifying the areas of nursing where research is needed Collaborate intelligently with researches Discuss with patient

MILESTONE OF NURSING RESEARCH

FLORENCE NIGHTINGALENURSING RESEARCH FROM 1900 TO THE 1960’NURSING RESEARCH IN THE 1970SNURSING RESEARCH IN THE 1980S AND 1900S

LEADERSHIPThe origin of the word lead is to go. The verb to lead can be defined in several ways to guide , to run in specific direction, to direct, to be first and

to open play.

DEFINITION

• John Maxwell : The first step to leadership is servant hood

• Jesse Jackson : leadership has a harder job to do than just choose sides , It must bring sides together

LEADERSHIP THEORIESTrait theory

Leadership style theory• Laissez –faire style•Democratic style•Authoritarian

Situational theory

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT

•LEADERS DO THE RIGHT THING AND MANAGERS DO THINGS RIGHT•LEADERS ARE CREATIVE AND RISK TAKERS; MANAGERS ARE CONCERNED WITH STATUS AND TAKING FEW RISKS•LEADERSHIP CAN BE PRACTISED BY EVERYONE.•OUR WORLD IS ENHANCED

WHEN ALL MANAGERS ARE LEADERS AND ALL LEADERS ARE MANAGERS

NEED OF LEADERSHIP IN NURSING

Raise the consciousness of nurseFor team buildingFoundation block for nursing practiceIncrease in the body of knowledge To provide directionSupervisionInspiring the staffRole model

PERSPECTIVES ON FOLLOWERSHIP

Sheep “yes ” peopleAlienated followersEffective followers

LLFFGG

CC SS

COMPONENTS OF LEADERSHIP MOVEMENT

L –LeaderF-FollowersS-SituationsC- CommunicationG- Goals

freedom for subordintes

authority by the leader

Subordinates are invited to question ideas from the leaders

Subordinates are allowed to without limits

Subordinates are told of the leaders decision

CONTINUUM OF LEADER BEHAVIOR

Democratic Authoritarian

Relationship Oriented Task Oriented

ROLE OF NURSING LEADERSWiden nursing horizons To enhance professional knowledge

and skill Strive towards professional autonomy

SKILLS THAT A NURSE SHOULD POSSESS FOR BEING AN EFFECTIVE LEADER

CRITICAL THINKING

DECISION MAKING

PROBLEM SOLVING

LEADING A CHANGE

BUILDING TEAMS

POWER , POLITICS, POLICY

TYPES OF DECISIONS

Routine decisions

Innovative decisions

Routine decisions can be used to respond to frequently occurring, common, and reasonable well

Innovative decisions are made when the situation or problem is unusual and the rules and guidelines do not clearly define or dictate s course of action. Nurses, from the bedside to top administration, need to make these kinds of decisions frequently.

PROBLEM SOLVINGProblem solving should be group involving all individuals or groups affected by the problem. Problems can also be viewed as opportunities to make change and improve outcomes. Start the investigation with who, what, when, where why, and how.

NURSES LEADING CHANGE Change means to be different, to cause to be different, or to alter. Change

may be personal or organizational and can occur suddenly or incrementally.

GROUP WORK

Even though nurses may deliver care as individuals, they are usually part of a care giving team working in concert. Nurses usually work in diverse care giving. As the size of the group grows, group dynamics become more complex, and the opportunities for misunderstanding friction, and conflict grow.

GROUP STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT• Stage 1 FORMING • Stage 2 STORMING• Stage 3 NORMING• Stage 4 PERFORMING

POWER- it’s the ability to control, dominate, or manipulated the actions of others.Power is important in nursing because having it is necessary to achieve goals as individual, professionals and leadersPOLITICS- power & politics are the means to achieve the health care goals in compassionate and human ways.POLICIES- these are the written directives or actions to follow to meet the identified ends and goals.The three major parts of policy are;1.A purpose or goal2.A policy rule 3.Actions to be followed to implement rule

MANAGEMENTThe “word manages “came from the word “hand”.

Managing means handling things. nurses manage care for individual clients, families, and communities in hospitals, outpatient settings, clinics, health departments, home health agencies as well as in other specialized health care organizations.

DEFINITION

• management is defined as the process by which a co operative group directs action towards common goals.-Joseph Massie

• Never tell people how to do things. Tell them what to do and they will surprise you with their ingenuity. –George S. Patton

MANAGEMENT THEORY

TIME MOTION THEORY

HUMAN INTERACTION THEORY

MOTIVATIONAL THEORY

QUALITIES OF A MANAGER:

• Have an assigned position within formal organization

• Are expected to carry out specific actions.

• Manipulate individuals, the environment, money, time and other source to achieve goals.

• Have a greater formal responsibility and accountability and control than leaders.

• Direct willing and unwilling subordinates

FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENTPLANNINGORGANISINGSTAFFINGDIRECTING CO-ORDINATINGREPORTING BUDGETING

NEED OF MANAGEMENT IN NURSING:

• Nurses need to be manager to manage change, resolve conflicts and making organizational goals, focus on care of patient, support of organization, profession

• Management helps nurses to take decision in organization.

• The role of management in nursing is to provide opportunities for managers to manage their own work and give clear directions to nursing personnel.

• It provides opportunity for persons to manage their own work and give clear directions.

MANAGEMENT FOR NURSES:• TEAM BUILDER• DECISION MAKER• COMMUNICATOR• NEGOTIATOR• DELEGATOR• MENTOR

SKILLS FOR BEING AN EFFECTIVE MANAGER

• PLANNING AND MARKETING FOR AHEALTHY ORGANIZATION

• MANGING PATIENT QUALITY AND PATIENT SAFETY

• BUDGETING• STAFFING• MAXIMIZING EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE• CELEBRATES CULTURAL DIVERSITY

BUDGETING Nurses are entering into a new reality of practice that is

controlled by costs. nurses need to keep in mind that money spent in any area must be budgeted. if unbudgeted money is spent, if the category is over budget or over the projected budget, then that money must be subtracted from another area. there is not an infinite supply of money that can be spent, no matter what the reason.

Keep In mind that practice makes perfect . Planning and budgeting are learned skills.

ASSESSMENTPLANNINGIMPLEMENTATIONEVALUATION

THE NURSE MANAGER’S ROLE IN BUDGETING

Today healthcare organizations understood the importance of nursing involvement in the budget process.STAFFINGPERFORMANCE APPRAISALCULTURAL DIVERSITY

CONCLUSION From the above studies, nurses must be prepared

to look into the matters of research, leadership and management. Managerial concepts are needed by nurses at all levels, focus on how to deal with people, how to manage resources, how to lead people to attain their goals and how to manage ones job. Research is need to change the outlook of the nursing professions and to widen the horizons of nursing profession.

The future of nursing starts with

YOU