research journal - tracer study

19
7/25/2019 Research Journal - Tracer Study http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/research-journal-tracer-study 1/19 L [rlcjr Stuky fb GSJZB Ilchjofr fb Sc`jncj `n Lccfuntlncy Arlkultjs S.P. 9=<=-9=< Nfrjjn G. Loirlnkf, D`g Ul`rjooj ]. I`ilo, Dr`stjooj Efy L. Kj ol Cruz lnk Glrd Yfoojn K. Yjgfofnl L!strlct [`s trl!jr stuky lssjssjk tj Il!jofr f" #!`jn!j `n L!!funtln!y $rlkultjs f" Glnujo #. %n&jr$l 'n`&jrs`ty (funklt`fn ) *u!jnl jg+ofygjnt `ns`kj lnk futs`kj tj !funtry rj$lrk`n$ tj`r trl`n`n$, jg+ofyli`o`ty lnk l!!fg+o`sgjnts. t losf kjtjrg`njk tj kjgf$rl+`! lnk jku!lt`fnlo +rf"`oj f" tj rjs+fnkjnts, tj jg+ofygjnt s`tult`fn f" tj`r "`rst lnk !urrjnt -fi, tj gft`&lt`fnlo "l!tfrs tlt `n"oujn!js tj jg+ofygjnt s`tult`fns f" t j rjs+fnkjnts lnk $jnjrltjk t j su$$jst`fns lnk rj!fggjnklt`fns $`&jn iy t j rjs+fnkjnts tf "urt jr `g+rf&j t j +rf$rlg. [f fitl`n t j njjkjk `n"frglt`fn, t j rjsjlr!jrs +rj+lrjk l rjsjlr! `nstrugjnt tlt ls usjk `n l s`g`olr stuky unkjrtldjn iy tj C/%K `t sfgj so`$t lgjnkgjnts tf gldj `t s`g+ojr. [j stuky sfs tlt tjrj jrj == +jr!jnt f" tj rjs+fnkjnts $rlkultjk `t fnfrs fr s!folst`! llrks. Gl-fr`ty tffd k`""jrjnt +rf"jss`fnlo j<lg`nlt`fn lnk gfstoy C]L Iflrk %<lg`nlt`fns. 9noy sgloo +jr!jntl$js f" tj rjs+fnkjnts l&j lttjnkjk trl`n`n$s lnk +ursuj lk&ln!j stuk`js lnk $rlkultj +rf$rlgs $rjltoy "fr +rf"jss`fnlo lnk +jrsfnlo kj&jof+gjnt +ur+fsjs. Cr`t`!lo t `nd`n$ lnk !fggun`!lt`fn sd`oos kj&jof+jk iy G#%'( jrj t j gfst `g+frtlnt sd`oos usjk iy tj rjs+fnkjnts `n tj`r "`rst -fi. Gfst f" tj rjs+fnkjnts lrj frd`n$ `n tj +r`&ltj sj!tfr fr !fggjr!j lnk `nkustry, `! lrj `ns`kj fur !funtry lnk lrj $jnjrlooy +jrglnjnt fr rj$uolr. (urt jrgfrj, tj kltl losf rj&jlojk tlt !lrjjr !loojn$j ls tj`r &jry rjlsfn "fr stly`n$, !ln$`n$ lnk l!!j+t`n$ tj -fi. [j rjs+fnkjnts strfn$oy su$$jstjk tlt tj $rlkult`n$ stukjnts gust l&j &`$frfus trl`n`n$ "fr unkjr$rlkultj rj&`j "fr `t `oo jo+ tj stukjnts `n tj`r +rj+lrlt`fn "fr tj C]L Iflrk %<lg`nlt`fn. Djywfrks5 Arlkultjs [rlcjr Stuky, Jgpofygjnt Stltus, Jgpofylioj Lccfuntlncy Arlkultjs "ntrfkuct`fn Ij`n$ lioj tf $rlkultj fn l !fsjn !fursj `s sl`k tf ij ln jnln!jgjnt f" tj stukjnt jg+ofyli`o`ty. /`$ jr %ku!lt`fn jnln!js tj +r`fr`t`js, !loojn$js lnk sd`oos f" t j $rlkultjs lnk l&`n$ t j r`$ t sd`oos "fr t j -fi lnk lkk`t`fnlo jku!lt`fn, oft f" f++frtun`t`js `oo !fgj `ntf fnj3s ly. Glyij tj gfst `g+frtlnt fi-j!t`&j f" !fooj$j jku!lt`fn `s jg+ofygjnt. Gfst +lrjnts sjnk t j`r !`okrjn tf !fooj$j `t t j f+j t lt l"tjr $rlkult`fn t j`r !`okrjn `oo ij

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Page 1: Research Journal - Tracer Study

7/25/2019 Research Journal - Tracer Study

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/research-journal-tracer-study 1/19

L [rlcjr Stuky fb GSJZB Ilchjofr fb Sc`jncj `nLccfuntlncy Arlkultjs S.P. 9=<=-9=<

Nfrjjn G. Loirlnkf, D`g Ul`rjooj ]. I`ilo, Dr`stjooj Efy L. Kj ol Cruz lnkGlrd Yfoojn K. Yjgfofnl

L!strlct

[ `s trl!jr stuky lssjssjk t j Il! jofr f" #!`jn!j `n L!!funtln!y $rlkultjs f" Glnujo#. %n&jr$l 'n`&jrs`ty (funklt`fn ) *u!jnl jg+ofygjnt `ns`kj lnk futs`kj t j !funtryrj$lrk`n$ t j`r trl n`n$, jg+ofyli o`ty lnk l!!fg+o`s gjnts. t losf kjtjrg`njk t jkjgf$rl+ `! lnk jku!lt`fnlo +rf"`oj f" t j rjs+fnkjnts, t j jg+ofygjnt s`tult`fn f" t j`r "`rst lnk !urrjnt -fi, t j gft`&lt`fnlo "l!tfrs t lt `n"oujn!js t j jg+ofygjnt s`tult`fns f" t j rjs+fnkjnts lnk $jnjrltjk t j su$$jst`fns lnk rj!fggjnklt fns $`&jn iy t j

rjs+fnkjnts tf "urt jr `g+rf&j t j +rf$rlg. [f fitl`n t j njjkjk `n"frglt fn, t jrjsjlr! jrs +rj+lrjk l rjsjlr! nstrugjnt t lt ls usjk `n l s`g`olr stuky unkjrtldjn iy t jC/%K `t sfgj so`$ t lgjnkgjnts tf gldj `t s`g+ojr.

[ j stuky s f s t lt t jrj jrj == +jr!jnt f" t j rjs+fnkjnts $rlkultjk `t fnfrs fr s! folst`! l lrks. Gl-fr`ty tffd k`""jrjnt +rf"jss`fnlo j<lg`nlt`fn lnk gfstoy C]L Iflrk%<lg`nlt fns. 9noy sgloo +jr!jntl$js f" t j rjs+fnkjnts l&j lttjnkjk trl`n`n$s lnk +ursujlk&ln!j stuk`js lnk $rlkultj +rf$rlgs $rjltoy "fr +rf"jss`fnlo lnk +jrsfnlo kj&jof+gjnt

+ur+fsjs.Cr t`!lo t nd`n$ lnk !fggun`!lt fn sd`oos kj&jof+jk iy G#%'( jrj t j gfst

`g+frtlnt sd`oos usjk iy t j rjs+fnkjnts `n t j`r "`rst -fi. Gfst f" t j rjs+fnkjnts lrjfrd`n$ `n t j +r`&ltj sj!tfr fr !fggjr!j lnk `nkustry, `! lrj `ns`kj fur !funtry lnk lrj

$jnjrlooy +jrglnjnt fr rj$uolr.(urt jrgfrj, t j kltl losf rj&jlojk t lt !lrjjr ! loojn$j ls t j`r &jry rjlsfn "fr

stly`n$, ! ln$`n$ lnk l!!j+t`n$ t j -fi. [ j rjs+fnkjnts strfn$oy su$$jstjk t lt t j$rlkult`n$ stukjnts gust l&j &`$frfus trl`n`n$ "fr unkjr$rlkultj rj&`j "fr `t `oo jo+ t jstukjnts `n t j`r +rj+lrlt`fn "fr t j C]L Iflrk %<lg`nlt`fn.

Djywfrks5 Arlkultjs [rlcjr Stuky, Jgpofygjnt Stltus, Jgpofylioj LccfuntlncyArlkultjs

"ntrfkuct`fn

Ij n$ lioj tf $rlkultj fn l! fsjn !fursj `s sl`k tf ij lnjn ln!jgjnt f" t j stukjntjg+ofyli o`ty. /`$ jr %ku!lt fnjn ln!js t j +r`fr`t`js, ! loojn$js lnk

sd`oos f" t j $rlkultjs lnk l&`n$ t jr`$ t sd`oos "fr t j -fi lnk lkk t`fnlojku!lt`fn, oft f" f++frtun`t`js `oo !fgj`ntf fnj3s ly.

Glyij t j gfst `g+frtlntfi-j! t &j f" !fooj$j jku!lt`fn `sjg+ofygjnt. Gfst +lrjnts sjnk t j r ! `okrjn tf !fooj$j `t t j f+j t ltl"tjr $rlkult`fn t j r ! `okrjn `oo ij

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lioj tf "`nk l kj!jnt lnk stlioj -fi. [ `sfoks truj js+j!`looy lgfn$ (`o`+`nf

+lrjnts f offd lt t j s`$n`"`!ln!j f" !fooj$j jku!lt`fn ls t j gfst `g+frtlntoj$l!y t jy !ln $`&j tf t j`r ! `okrjnlnk ls t j gfst j""j!t`&j gjlns f" $jtt`n$ l -fi t lt fuok jo+ iu`ok t j"uturj f" t j r ! `okrjn. ;jt, `t t j

+rjsjnt :ulo`ty f" jku!lt`fn lnk t j +rjss`n$ kjglnk f" t j frd"fr!j`nkustry, glny +lrjnts lnk $rlkultjs $jtk`sl++f`ntjk kuj tf t j `nli`o`ty f" t j$rlkultjs tf $jt jg+ofy. [ `s `s +lrtoy

ij!lusj t jsj $rlkultjs ol!d t j

nj!jsslry sd`oos lnk :ulo`" !lt fnsrj:u`rjk iy t j `nkustry.[ j fi-j!t`&j f" t j L!!funtln!y

+rf$rlg f" t j Cfooj$j f" Ius`njss lnkL!!funtln!y f" G#%'( `s tf +rfku!j

`$ oy :ulo`"`jk lnk !fg+jtjnt$rlkultjs t lt lrj `$ oy jg+ofyliojl"tjr $rlkult fn. [ j l!!funtln!y

+rf"jss`fn `s kjjgjk tf ij l =21 kj$rjjs +rf"jss`fn ls `t `s k`st`n$u`s jk iy

!jrtl`n ! lrl!tjr`st`!s, `n!ouk`n$ glstjryf" +lrt`!uolr `ntjooj!tulo sd`oo, l!:u`rjk

iy trl`n`n$ lnk jku!lt`fn, lk jrjn!j f" `ts gjgijrs `ntf l !fggfn !fkj f" &loujs lnk !fnku!t jstlio`s jk iy `tslkg`n`strlt`n$ ifky, `n!ouk`n$gl`ntl`n`n$ ln futoffd `! `sjssjnt looy fi-j!t &j. [ j +jr"frgln!jf" t j $rlkultjs `n t j frd+ol!j l"tjr $rlkult fn sjr&js ls gjlsurj tf t jj""j!t`&jnjss f" t j +rf$rlg `n

+rf&`k`n$ t j :ulo`ty `nstru!t`fn.[ jrj `s t jrj"frj l njjk tf gldj

l "foof 8u+ stuky f" t j l!!funtln!y$rlkultjs nft -ust fnoy tf of!ltj t jg

iut gfrj `g+frtlntoy tf "`nk fut flkj:ultj `s t j trl`n`n$ +rf&`kjk iy

G#%'( `n t j f&jrloo +jr"frgln!j f" t j`r !lrjjr o`"j, t j j<tjnt iy `! t jtjl! `n$ lnk !fg+jtjn!y sd`oos jrjkj&jof+jk, t j jg+ofygjnt stltus f" t jI#L $rlkultjs ls joo ls t j`r l! `j&jgjnts `n t j "`jok.

[ `s stuky jnt`tojk 0L [rl!jr #tuky f" G#%'( Il! jofr f" #!`jn!j `nL!!funtln!y 5rlkultjs #.;. 41?1841?7> `s !fnku!tjk tf $`&j s`$n`"`!lntrjs+fnsjs "rfg t j rjs+fnkjnts lifutt j`r kjgf$rl+ `! +rf"`oj ls joo ls t j`r jg+ofygjnt +rf"`oj `n t j "`jok. [ jrjsjlr! jrs ls L!!funtln!y stukjnts

ijo`j&j t lt t `s `oo ij l usj"uo $u`kj `nlssjss`n$ t j rjoj&ln!j f" t j Il! jofr f" #!`jn!j `n L!!funtln!y, dnf ojk$jlnk sd`oos l!:u`rjk iy t j $rlkultjs "fr t j`r jg+ofygjnt lnk t j s! ffo8rjoltjk"l!tfrs lssf!`ltjk `t t j`r jg+ofygjnt. [ `s `oo ij usj"uo nft -usttf t j $rlkultjs t jgsjo&js iut j&jn tft fsj jnrfoojk lnk tf t fsj f lrj

+olnn`n$ tf jnrfoo `n t j l!!funtln!y

+rf$rlg.[ j stuky `ntjnks tf lssjss t j

I# L!!funtln!y $rlkultjs #.;. 41?1841?7 f" G#%'( *u!jnl jg+ofyjk`ns`kj lnk futs`kj t j !funtry rj$lrk`n$t j r trl`n`n$, jg+ofyli o ty lnkl!!fg+o`s gjnts.

Gfrj s+j!`"`!looy, t j stuky sjjdstf6

?. [f kjtjrg`nj t j kjgf$rl+ ! +rf"`oj f" t j rjs+fnkjnts `n tjrgsf" t j "foof `n$6

?.? 5jnkjr ?.4 C`&`o #tltus?.= ]rjsjnt *f!lt fn

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4. [f kjtjrg`nj t j jku!lt`fnlo +rf"`oj f" t j rjs+fnkjnts `n tjrgsf" t j "foof `n$6

4.? %ku!lt fnlo Lttl`ngjnt4.4 #! folst`! /fnfrs Yj!j`&jk4.= YjlsfnMs "fr tld`n$

Il! jofr s Kj$rjj4.7 ]rf"jss`fnlo %<lg`nlt fns

[ldjn4. ]fst 5rlkultj #tuk`js

Lttjnkjk l"tjr Cfooj$j4.2 [rl`n`n$s Lttjnkjk l"tjr

Cfooj$j=. [f dnf t j jg+ofygjnt s tult fn

f" rjs+fnkjnts `n tjrgs f" t j"foof `n$6=.? %g+ofyjk

=.?.? Currjnt%g+ofygjnt #tltus

=.?.4 ]rjsjnt9!!u+lt`fn

=.?.= Nlgj f" t jCfg+lny

=.?.7 ]ol!jMLrjl f"

frd =.?. Nlturj f" nkustry

=.4 'njg+ofyjk=.4.? YjlsfnMs "fr nft

yjt fr nj&jr ijjnjg+ofyjk

7. [f kjtjrg`nj t j " rst -fi f" t jrjs+fnkjnts `n tjrgs f" t j"foof `n$6

7.? (`rst -fi l"tjr !fooj$j7.4 (`rst -fi rjolt`fn n t j`r !fursj7.= [ffos n "`nk`n$ t j "`rst -fi7.7 [ j `ntjr&lo f" t`gj olnk`n$ `n t j r "`rst

-fi l"tjr !fooj$j7. [ j t`gj s+ln stlyjk n t `s -fi

. [f kjtjrg`nj t j gft &lt fnlo"l!tfrs t lt `n"oujn!jk t jjg+ofygjnt s tult fns f" t jrjs+fnkjnts6

.? YjlsfnMs "fr l!!j+t n$,! ln$`n$ lnk stly`n$ fn t j

-fi2. [f $jnjrltj su$$jst`fns lnk

rj!fggjnklt`fns "rfg t jrjs+fnkjnts tf "urt jr `g+rf&j t j

+rf$rlg.

#fncj$tulo Brl%j&fr'

[ j "rlgj frd `s fr$ln`zjk `n lly t lt rj"oj!ts f t j stuky!fnku!tjk lnk rjsjlr! fi-j!t`&js jrjlttl`njk. Yjs+fnkjnts !lgj "rfg t j$rlkultjs f" I# L!!funtln!y "rfg

ilt! 41?1 tf 41?7. (rfg t jrjs+fnkjnts, kltl jrj $lt jrjk. [ jsjkltl `n!oukjs t j kjgf$rl+ `! +rf"`oj f" t j rjs+fnkjnts, t j jku!lt`fnlo +rf"`ojlnk jg+ofygjnt +rf"`oj ls joo ls t j

s tult`fnlo lnk gft`&lt fnlo "l!tfrs`n"oujn!`n$ t j jku!lt`fnlo lnkjg+ofygjnt stltus f" t j $rlkultjs.Losf t j rjs+fnkjnts lrj f+tjk tf gldjsu$$jst`fns fn f tf `g+rf&j t j!fursj +rf$rlg t jy l&j $rlkultjk.(rfg t jsj kltl, t j `n"frglt`fn lifutt j jg+ofygjnt "l!tfrs f" t j $rlkultjssu! ls t j ty+j f" jg+ofygjnt, !urrjntjg+ofygjnt s tult`fn, jg+ofygjntstltus, f!!u+lt`fn, !fg+lny fr fr$ln`zlt`fn, +ol!j f" frd, -fi sjlr!t`gj, -fi oj&jo +fs t`fn, `n`t lo $rfssgfnt oy jlrn`n$s lnk rjlsfns "fr l!!j+t`n$ lnk stly`n$ fn t j -fi jrjkjtjrg`njk.

[ j !fn!j+tulo "rlgj frd `s $jnjrlooy k`l$rlggjk ls "foof s6

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IS Lccfuntlncy ArlkultjsKjgfarlph`c ]rfbojJkuclt`fnlo ]rfboj

S`tult`fnlo lctfrs thlt n ujncjk thj qulo`bclt`fn f thj rjspfnkjntsJgpofygjnt ]rfboj

Gft`vlt`fnlo lctfrs n ujncjk thj jgpofygjnt s`tult`fnsSuaajst`fns rfg rjspfnkjnts

]jrsfnlo `n frglt`f n f thj rjspfnkjntsJkuclt`fnlo ilcdarfunk f thj rjspfnkjnts.

jlsfns fr tld`na lnk pursu`na trl`n`nas lnk lkvlncjk stuk`jsJgpofygjnt s`tult`fn f thj rjspfnkjnts.

jlsfns fr lccjpt`na! chlna`na lnk stly`na fn thj "fijcfggjnklt`fns tf urthjr `gprfvj thj prfarlg

JRLOZL[J

@N[JY]YJ[

]YFB@OJ

LSSJSS

(`$urj ?. Cfncjptulo Brlgjwfrd fb Lccfuntlncy Arlkultjs [rlcjr Stuky

GJ[()*S

[ j rjsjlr! jrs usjk t jkjs!r`+t`&j rjsjlr! kjs`$n `n kjs!r`i`n$t j !fooj!tjk kltl `ntf gu! kjj+jr kj+t . [ j rjs+fnkjnts f" t j stuky lrjt j Il! jofr f" #!`jn!j `n L!!funtln!y$rlkultjs f" Glnujo #. %n&jr$l

'n`&jrs ty (funklt fn "fr #.;. 41?1841?7 `t l tftlo +f+uolt`fn f" ?77.

[ j rjsjlr! jrs usjk l sur&jy:ujst`fnnl`rj ilsjk fn l s`g`olr stukyunkjrtldjn iy t j C/%K. [ j ty+j f" :ujst fnnl rj t lt `s usjk `s ift ln

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f+jn8jnkjk lnk !ofsjk8jnkjk:ujst`fnnl`rj.

[ j rjsjlr! jrs sjnt:ujst`fnnl`rjs tf loo t j I#L $rlkultjsf" #.;. 41?1841?7. Lt t j !fg+ojt`fnkltj, t j "`nlo nugijr f" rjturnjk:ujst fnnl rjs lgfuntjk tf ?4 `oj 4

jrj rj!j`&jk t rfu$ j8gl`o:ujst fnnl rjs, $`&`n$ 27 rjs+fnsjs `nloo fr l rjtr`j&lo rltj f" 77.77 .

]r glry `n"frglt fn f" t jrjs+fnkjnts ls $lt jrjk "`rst, !lrj t j`r nlgjs, lkkrjssjs, lnk !fntl!t

nugijrs t lt jrj `nk`!ltjk `n t j`r yjlriffd l&l`olioj lt t j 'n`&jrs ty*`irlry.

L !f+y f" :ujst`fnnl`rj ls sjnttf t j rjs+fnkjnts t rfu$ (l!jiffd gjssl$`n$ lnk +jrsfnlo `ntjr&`j . [ jrjsjlr! jrs losf !fnku!tjk ln %8gl`o:ujst fnnl rj lnk (l!jiffd gjssl$`n$"fr t fsj rjs+fnkjnts t lt lrj nft rjlk`oyl&l`olioj.

[ j kltl $lt jrjk "rfg t j:ujst`fnnl rjs lrj stlt`st`!looy trjltjklnk lnloyzjk us`n$ "frguolj lnk sfgjglt jglt`!lo tffos su! ls "unklgjntlof+jrlt`fns lnk +jr!jntl$js tf kjtjrg`njt j +jr!jntl$j f" "rj:ujn!y f" f!!urrjn!j f" t j k`""jrjnt !ltj$fr`jssjoj!tjk `n t j :ujst`fnnl`rj.

[ j rjsjlr! jrs $ft t j +jr!jntl$j f" jl! rjs+fnsj t jn rlndjk`t l!!frk`n$ tf lt `s `$ jst tf of jst.L"tjr t j +jr!jntl$j fn jl! rjs+fnsj

ls ijjn kjtjrg`njk, tliojs lnk $rl+ sjrj +rjsjntjk tf "urt jr lnloyzj t j

rjs+fnsjs f" t j rjs+fnkjnts.

+jsuots lnk *`scuss`fn

,lrt ". *j%f rl$h`c ,rfb`oj fb thj+js$fnkjnts

[lioj ?.? Kjgfarlp !c "rfb!ojs fb t j #jspfnkjnts

L kjgf$rl+ ! +rf"`oj f" I#L$rlkultjs f l!tjk ls rjs+fnkjnts `n

t j stuky s f s l gl-fr`ty f" t jg tf ij"jgloj J BA s`n$oj H@ BA 4484=

77 B lnk rjs`k`n$ `n t j !`ty J= B.

*j%f rl$h`c ,rfb`oj

Brj ujncy

,jrcjntl j

Ajnkjr (jgloj =@ J Gloj 4@ 74#`/`o Stltus

#`n$oj 24 H@ Glrr`jk ? 4`kf M `kf

jr 1 1

#`n$oj ]lrjnt ? 4L j 4184? @ ?? 4484= 4J 77 4784 4= =2 4284@ J 4J84H ? 4

fclt`fn fb#urrjnt+js`kjncj C`ty = J= Gun`!`+lo`ty ?? ?@

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,lrt "". Jkuclt`fnlo Ilc' rfunk fbthj +js$fnkjnts

#ffk arlkjs n h`ah schffo sui"jcts rjoltjk tf thj prfarlg

$nsp`rjk iy l rfoj gfkjo

Schfolrsh`p %&jr

$n ujncj fb plrjnts fr rjolt`vjs

pjjr $n ujncj

Stltus fr prjst`aj fb thj prfbjss`fn

'vl`oli`o`ty fb prfarlg f&jr`na `n chfsjn `nst`tut`fn

Strfna plss`fn bfr thj prfbjss`fn

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g+ojgjntlt`fn f" unkjr$rlkultj rj&`j 4=%<+fsurj tf rjlo lnk !urrjnt ius`njss `n frkjr tf $l`n unkjrstlnk`n$lnk l lrk !frj f" t j !fursj iy rj`n"fr!`n$ tjl! `n$ gjt fks tf"urt jr `g+rf&j !urr`!uoug.

41

Kj&jof+gjnt f" sd`oos ugln rjolt`fns, !fg+utjr, tj! n !lo, jt!.B ?7g+rf&jgjnt f" t j 9E[ +rf$rlg 2

9t jr #u$$jst`fns6 J[ j !fursj !urr`!uoug `s $ffk jnfu$ "fr jg+ofygjnt s

+rj+lrlt`fn. t `s `n t j lnks f" t j stukjnt tf ij!fgjsu!!jss"uo `n t j`r ! fsjn "`jok.*jlrn nj t `n$s, kfn t stf+ rjsjlr! `n$, rjlk gfrj iffds,"f!us fn yfur jldnjssjs iut nj&jr nj$oj!t yfur strjn$t s

ij `t `n yfur sd`oos fr `n yfur gl-fr sui-j!ts. `s +rf"jssfrs tjl! stukjnts `t +lss`fn lnk nft -ust

gjrj rj+frt`n$.

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t `nd !fursj !urr`!uoug `s gu! ijttjr `" stukjnts `oo ojlrngfrj `n glnl$jgjnt sjr&`!jsMl!!funt`n$, ls `t `s &jry`g+frtlnt nf lklys. (f!us losf fn rjsjlr! .Cfn"`kjn!j8iu`ok`n$ l!t`&`t`js

(rfg t j suig`ttjk su$$jst`fnsf" t j rjs+fnkjnts fn [lioj ?.=, gl-fr`tyf" t jg gjnt`fnjk t j `kjl f" &`$frfustrl`n`n$ "fr unkjr$rlkultj rj&`j "fr t j$rlkult n$ stukjnts. [ jy sl`k t lt `t

fuok ij l $rjlt j""frt lnk l gust tf ijttjr +rj+lrj t j stukjnts "fr o`!jnsurjj<lg`nlt`fns. n lkk`t`fn, t `s `oo jo+t j stukjnts tf ij!fgj gfrj rjlky "fr t j`r rj&`j fn k`""jrjnt rj&`j s! ffoslnk `oo jn ln!j t j`r !fn"`kjn!j tf tldjt j C]L *`!jnsurj %<lg`nlt`fn. Iyt jsj, t j rjs+fnkjnts dnj t lt t j$rlkult`n$ stukjnts !fuok ijst gfn`tfr t j`r +jr"frgln!j iy str`!toy`g+ojgjnt n$ t s unkjr$rlk rj&`j 8trl`n`n$ +rf$rlg.

#j!fnk "rfg t j gl-fr ty, t jI#L $rlkultjs losf lk&`sjk tf "urt jr

`g+rf&j t j "funklt`fn f" ojlrn`n$ f" t j stukjnts ij!lusj t jy ijo`j&jk t lt`n t j +rf"jss`fnlo frok, lt glttjrs`s t j "funklt`fn f" ojlrn`n$ t j!fn!j+ts t rfu$ l++o`!lt`fn lnk !r`t`!lot `nd`n$. [ jy losf jg+ ls`zjk t lt t jj<+fsurj tf rjlo, l!tulo lnk +rl!t !los`tul t fn su! ls frds f+s lnk!fn"jrjn!js s fuok l&j $`&jn`g+frtln!j tf ijttjr +rj+lrj t j$rlkultjs "fr "uturj jg+ofygjnt. [ jrjs+fnkjnts losf gjnt`fn rj`n"fr!`n$tjl! `n$ gjt fks tf kj&jof+ l lrk8!frj"funklt`fn "fr t j stukjnts.

Gfrjf&jr, sj&jrlo f" t jg losfsu$$jstjk `g+rf&`n$ t j fn8t j8-fitrl`n`n$ +rf$rlg ij!lusj `t `s `nkjjk l

$rjlt sfur!j "fr jg+ofygjnt +rj+lrlt`fn. (j f" t jg !`tjk t j`g+frtln!j f" sj&jrlo l!!funt`n$systjgs lnk t j usj f" tj! nfof$y lnk!fg+utjr systjg `n t j ius`njss frok.[ jy jok `t s`$n`" !lnt ij!lusj t jysu++fsjk t lt t `s !fuok ij l !fg+jtjntsd`oo `n t j rjlo frd`n$ jn&`rfngjnt.#fgj losf gjnt fnjk t j j<tjns`&j`g+ojgjntlt fn f" kj&jof+`n$ lnk`g+rf&`n$ t j ugln rjolt`fn,!fggun`!lt`fn lnk !r`t !lo t `nd`n$sd`oos f" t j I#L stukjnts lnk olstoy,t jy su$$jstjk t lt t j $rlkult`n$stukjnts "f!us fn t j`r jldnjssjs iutnj&jr nj$oj!t t j`r strjn$t s ij `t `n t j`r sd`oos fr `n t j`r gl-fr sui-j!ts.

#fncous`fns lnk +jcf%%jnklt`fns

Ilsjk fn t j "`nk`n$s gjnt`fnjklif&j, t j !fn!ous`fns kjr`&jk iy t jrjsjlr! jrs lrj t j "foof `n$6

?. Gfst f" t j I#L $rlkultjs frjs+fnk `n t `s stuky lrj "jgloj,

+rjsjntoy s`n$oj, lnk !urrjntoyrjs k`n$ `n !`t js `n Gjtrf Gln`ol.Gfrjf&jr, t j l&jrl$j l$j f" t jrjs+fnkjnts `s 44.

4. L sgloo +jr!jntl$j f" t j rjs+fnkjnts$rlkultjk `t fnfrs fr rj!j`&jks! folst`! l lrks jn t jy$rlkultjk `n !fooj$j. Gl-fr`ty f" t jg lorjlky tffd t j C]L *`!jnsurj

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%<lg`nlt`fns. t fnoy s f s t ltCIL +lrt`!uolroy t j Kj+lrtgjnt f" L!!funtln!y +rf&`kjs :ulo`tyjku!lt`fn tf t j`r stukjnts. Gfrjf&jr,!fggun`!lt fn lnk !r`t !lo t `nd`n$sd`oos jrj t j gfst usj"uo sd`oos `nt j rjs+fnkjnts3 "`rst lnk !urrjnt -fi.

=. 9noy "j f" t j $rlkultjs +ursujlk&ln!jk stuk`js "fr +rf"jss`fnlokj&jof+gjnt.

7. Gfst f" t j I#L $rlkultjs lrj!urrjntoy jg+ofyjk `n k`""jrjnt "`jok

f" t j s!f+j f" l!!funtln!y +rl!t`!j.Gfst lrj rj$uolr fr +jrglnjntjg+ofyjjs lnk +rjsjntoy frd`n$ ltt j +r`&ltj fr !fggjr!j lnk`nkustry sj!tfr. Currjntoy, gfst f" t j rjs+fnkjnts3 -fi oj&jo +fs`t`fn `s

+rf"jss`fnlo, tj! n`!lo fr su+jr&`sfry +fs`t`fn. /f j&jr, gfstf" t j rjs+fnkjnts lrj jlrn`n$ ]? ,111 ) ] ?H,HHH l gfnt .

. Ls t j kltl rj&jlojk, t j &jry rjlsfnf" t j rjs+fnkjnts "fr stly`n$,! ln$`n$ lnk l!!j+t`n$ t j -fi `s!lrjjr ! loojn$j. Yjoltjknjss f" t j

-fi tf s+j!`lo sd`oos lnk slolr`js lnk ijnj"`ts jrj losf !`tjk.

2. (rfg t j j<+jr`jn!js f" t jrjs+fnkjnts "rfg t j ius`njss frok,`t `s ijst tf ij rjlky lnk j:u`+ fnj3ssjo" "fr t j +rj+lrlt fn "fr t j*`!jnsurj %<lg`nlt`fns. Lnunkjr$rlkultj rj&`j "fr t j$rlkult`n$ stukjnts `oo ij l $rjlt

jo+ "fr t j stukjnts tf ijttjr +rj+lrj t jg "fr t j iflrk

j<lg`nlt`fns t lt t jy `oo ijtld`n$. t `s tf nft fnoy ij +rj+lr`n$"fr t j iflrk j<lg`nlt`fns iut losfsfgj f ij +rj+lrjk "fr t j

+rl!t`!j f" jg+ofygjnt `n t j rjlo ius`njss frok. Gfrjf&jr, `t `s losf`g+frtlnt tf kj&jof+ t j "funklt`fnf" ojlrn`n$ f" t j I#L stukjnts iy$`&`n$ !fg+rj jns`&j j<lg`nlt`fnstf stukjnts tf lssjss jt jr fn lt

+lrt`!uolr tf+`! t jy +jr"frg joo fr nft. n lkk`t`fn tf t lt, stukjnts s lookj&jof+jk !r`t !lo t `nd`n$, uglnrjolt`fn, !fg+utjr, lnk

!fggun`!lt fn sd`oos. Iy kf`n$su! , kj&jof+`n$ t j "funklt`fn f" ojlrn`n$ !ln ij l sfur!j f" t j!fg+jtjn!y `n t j rjlo frd`n$jn&`rfngjnt. L +rf+jroy kj&jof+jkstukjnt !ln ij t j ijst lnk t j gfst!fg+jtjnt jg+ofyjj `n t j

frd+ol!j.

[ j "foof `n$ lrj t j

rj!fggjnklt`fns su$$jstjk iy t jrjsjlr! jrs lnk rjs+fnkjnts f" t `sstuky6

?. Yj:u`rj t j I#L stukjnts tf tldj lnunkjr$rlkultj rj&`j lnk gfn`tfr t j`r +jr"frgln!j `n t j rj&`j tf

ijttjr +rj+lrj t jg "fr iflrkj<lg`nlt`fns.

4. Yj`n"fr!j tjl! `n$ gjt fks lnkl!t`&`t`js t lt fuok "urt jr `g+rf&jt j sd`oos f" stukjnts lnk +rfgftjt j`r !r`t`!lo t `nd`n$, t j ly t jylnloyzj lnk sjj s`tult`fn o`dj $`&`n$!fg+rj jns`&j j<lg`nlt fns tfkjtjrg`nj lnk lssjss fn lt

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+lrt`!uolr tf+`! t jy +jr"frg joo fr nft.

=. %<+fsj t j $rlkultjs tf rjlo, l!tulolnk +rl!t !lo s tult fns su! lssjg`nlrs, frds f+s lnk!fn"jrjn!js ij!lusj t jsj lrj t jstrltj$`js t lt gly ijttjr +rj+lrjt jg "fr "uturj jg+ofygjnt.

7. ]rfgftj lnk su$$jst t ltl!!funtln!y $rlkultjs s fuok tldjun`t `n l glstjr3s kj$rjj tf str`&j "fr t j `$ jr +fs t fn fr l rj$uolr

+fs`t`fn "fr l `$ jr slolry.

. ]ursuj `$ jr jku!lt fn t lt `oo$`&j $rlkultjs gfrj f++frtun ty

jn `t !fgjs tf jg+ofygjnt.

2. ]rf&`kj lnk f""jr gfrj -fis rjolt`n$tf t j l!!funt`n$ +rf"jss`fn lnk t jo`dj tf t j nj oy $rlkultjs tfjn"fr!j `n!rjls`n$ rltj f"

jg+ofygjnt.

@. [f "uturj rjsjlr! jrs, !fnt`nufusoyu+kltj lnk `g+rf&j t `s trl!jr stuky.

+jbjrjncjs

Lr!jof, ]. ?HHHB. [fp #jlsfns fb

njgpofygjnt . Yjtr`j&jk "rfgtt+6MMtf+==4 rjlsfns8unjg+ofygjnt.+k"

Clirjrl, %.I 41?7B. "uio!c Lccfuntlncy "rfbjss!fn , 41?HC.G. Yj!tf L&jnuj, Gln`ol,] `o`+`njs

Kjo Gunkf, E., Kjojn, ., O Yl!l, C.41?=B. L [rlcjr Stuky fb 1SJ B

(lc jofr fb Sc!jncj !n Lccfuntlncy Arlkultjs S;$;800 480?0, *u!jnl C`ty.

Gl!lrlui, Y. 41?4B. Jgpofygjnt 1ft!&lt!fn fb Sjojctjk 1jk!l "rlct!t!fnjrs !n +jal<p! C!ty, I'*j$lz+` C`ty.

Gjnkfzl, E. O[uioj, Y. n.kB. L [rlcjr

Stuky fn (S LccfuntlncyArlkultjs fb C%1SC B[Yjtr`j&jk "rfg

tt+s6MM .l!lkjg`l.jkuM@2?=117ML [rl!jr #tuky fn I# L!!funtln!y 5rlkultjs f" C/G#C ([ ?

Gjr!lkf, (. 41?1B ; L [rlcjr Stuky fb 1SJ B Arlkultjs, *u!jnl C`ty.