Research Data Management- an introductory webinar

Tony Ross-Hellauer, OpenAIRESarah Jones, EUDAT

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 licence

Open Access Infrastructure for Research in Europe

www.openaire.eu

Who we are

Research Data Services, Expertise & Technology https://www.eudat.eu

• Why manage data?

• RDM in Horizon 2020 (+ recent changes)

• How to manage and share research data?

• EUDAT and OpenAIRE services

Overview

WHY MANAGE DATA?Image CC-BY-NC-SA by Leo Reynolds www.flickr.com/photos/lwr/13442910354

Data explosion• More and more data is

being created• Issue is not creating

data, but being able to navigate and use it

• Data management is critical to make sure data are well-organised, understandable and reusable

Digital data are fragile and susceptible to loss for a wide variety of reasons• Natural disaster• Facilities infrastructure failure• Storage failure• Server hardware/software failure• Application software failure• Format obsolescence• Legal encumbrance• Human error• Malicious attack• Loss of staffing competencies• Loss of institutional commitment• Loss of financial stability• Changes in user expectations

Data loss

Image CC BY-NC-SA 2.0 by Dave Hill https://www.flickr.com/photos/dmh650/4031607067

A reproducibility crisis

Why manage data?

• Make your research easier• Stop yourself drowning in irrelevant stuff• Save data for later• Avoid accusations of fraud or bad science• Share your data for re-use• Get credit for it• Meet funder/institution requirements

Because well-managed data opens up opportunities for re-use, sharing and makes for better science!

RDM IN HORIZON 2020 Image “Open Data” CC BY 2.0 by http://www.descrier.co.uk

EC Open Research Data Pilot, Jan 2015 -

• A limited, voluntary pilot (initially 8 programme areas) with opt-out and safeguards

• Participating projects must:• Keep a data management plan, to be updated at regular intervals• Deposit in an open access repository:

1. the data, including associated metadata, needed to validate the results presented in scientific publications as soon as possible;

2. other data, including associated metadata, as specified and within the deadlines laid down in the data management plan

EC Open Research Data Pilot Opt-out Reasons

https://open-data.europa.eu/data/dataset/open-research-data-the-uptake-of-the-pilot-in-the-first-calls-of-horizon-2020

Just announced!

H2020 - Open Data by Default from 2017

MANAGING & SHARING DATA

CREATING DATA

PROCESSING DATA

ANALYSING DATA

PRESERVING DATA

GIVING ACCESS TO

DATA

RE-USING DATA

Research data lifecycleCREATING DATA: designing research, DMPs, planning consent, locate existing data, data collection and management, capturing and creating metadata

RE-USING DATA: follow-up research, new research, undertake research reviews, scrutinising findings, teaching & learning

ACCESS TO DATA: distributing data, sharing data, controlling access, establishing copyright, promoting data PRESERVING DATA: data storage, back-

up & archiving, migrating to best format & medium, creating metadata and documentation

ANALYSING DATA: interpreting, & deriving data, producing outputs, authoring publications, preparing for sharing

PROCESSING DATA: entering, transcribing, checking, validating and cleaning data, anonymising data, describing data, manage and store data

Ref: UK Data Archive: http://www.data-archive.ac.uk/create-manage/life-cycle

• Findable– assign persistent IDs, provide rich metadata, register in a searchable

resource...

• Accessible– Retrievable by their ID using a standard protocol, metadata remain

accessible even if data aren’t...

• Interoperable– Use formal, broadly applicable languages, use standard vocabularies,

qualified references...

• Reusable– Rich, accurate metadata, clear licences, provenance, use of community

standards...

www.force11.org/group/fairgroup/fairprinciples

FAIR data

A DMP is a brief plan to define:• how the data will be created?• how it will be documented?• who will access it?• where it will be stored?• who will back it up?• whether (and how) it will be shared & preserved?

DMPs are often submitted as part of grant applications, but are useful whenever researchers are creating data.

Data Management Plans

DMPonlineA web-based tool to help researchers write DMPs

Includes a template for Horizon 2020Guidance from EUDAT and OpenAIRE being added

https://dmponline.dcc.ac.uk

• Metadata and documentation is needed to locate and understand research data

• Think about what others would need in order to find, evaluate, understand, and reuse your data.

• Get others to check the metadata to improve quality

• Use standards to enable interoperability

Metadata & documentation

Metadata standardsUse relevant standards for interoperability

http://rd-alliance.github.io/metadata-directory

Where to store data?

• Your own drive (PC, server, flash drive, etc.)– And if you lose it? Or it breaks?

• Somebody else’s drive / departmental drive

• “Cloud” drive– Do they care as much about your data as you

do?

• Large scale infrastructure services like EUDAT

How to backup?• 3... 2... 1... backup!

– at least 3 copies of a file– on at least 2 different media– with at least 1 offsite

• Use managed services where possible e.g. University filestores or infrastructure services like EUDAT rather than local or external hard drives

• Ask IT teams for advice

Backup and preservation – not the same thing!

• Backups– Used to take periodic snapshots of data in case the current

version is destroyed or lost– Backups are copies of files stored for short or near-long-

term– Often performed on a somewhat frequent schedule

• Archiving– Used to preserve data for historical reference or potentially

during disasters– Archives are usually the final version, stored for long-term,

and generally not copied over– Often performed at the end of a project or during major

milestones

Data repositories

http://databib.org

http://service.re3data.org/search

• Does your publisher or funder suggest a repository?• Are there data centres or databases for your discipline?• Does your university offer support for long-term preservation?

A mistake in a spreadsheet led to dramatically different results from those published.

These results were cited by the International Monetary Fund and the UK Treasury to justify austerity programmes.

Had the data been shared, this could have been picked up earlier.

The importance of sharing data

Concerns about data sharing

Concern Solution

inappropriate use due to misunderstanding of research purpose or parameters

security and confidentiality of sensitive data

lack of acknowledgement / credit

loss of advantage when competing for research funding

Concerns about data sharing

Concern Solution

inappropriate use due to misunderstanding of research purpose or parameters

security and confidentiality of sensitive data

lack of acknowledgement / credit

loss of advantage when competing for research funding

metadata

metadata

metadata

metadata

Concerns about data sharing

Concern Solutioninappropriate use due to misunderstanding of research purpose or parameters

provide rich Abstract, Purpose, Use Constraints and Supplemental Information where needed

security and confidentiality of sensitive data

• the metadata does NOT contain the data

• Use Constraints specify who may access the data and how

lack of acknowledgement / credit

specify a required data citation within the Use Constraints

loss of data insight and competitive advantage when vying for research funding

create second, public version with generalised Data Processing Description

Make data shareable• Create robust metadata that has been checked

• Include reference information in metadata e.g. unique IDs & properly formatted data citations

• Publish your metadata so it’s discoverable. Use portals, clearing houses, online resources…

• Package up the data and associated metadata to deposit in repositories

• License the data clearly

www.dcc.ac.uk/resources/how-guides/license-research-data

Licensing research data

This DCC guide outlines the pros and cons of each approach and gives practical advice on how to implement your licence

CREATIVE COMMONS LIMITATIONSNC Non-

CommercialWhat counts as

commercial?

ND No DerivativesSeverely restricts use

These clauses are not open licenses

Horizon 2020 Open Access guidelines point to:

or

EUDAT licensing toolAnswer questions to determine which licence(s) are appropriate to use

http://ufal.github.io/public-license-selector

What to preserve & share

It’s not possible to keep everything. Select based on:– What has to be kept e.g. data underlying publications– What can’t be recreated e.g. environmental recordings – What is potentially useful to others– What has scientific, cultural or historical value– What legally must be destroyed

How to select and appraise research data:www.dcc.ac.uk/resources/how-guides/appraise-select-research-data

EUDAT & OPENAIRE SERVICESImage CC-BY-NC ‘Data centre’ by Bob Mical www.flickr.com/photos/small_realm/15995555571

EUDAT servicesEUDAT offers a pan-European solution, providing a generic set of services to ensure minimum level of interoperability

Building common data services in close collaboration with 25+ communities

EUDAT B2 service suite

Covering both access and deposit, from

informal data sharing to long-term archiving,

and addressing identification,

discoverability and computability of both long-tail and big data, EUDAT’s services will

address the full lifecycle of research

data

CREATING DATA

PROCESSING DATA

ANALYSING DATA

PRESERVING DATA

GIVING ACCESS TO

DATA

RE-USING DATA

PIDs Referencing data:Finding data and making data findable

Data Transfer from public data servers

Store mutable data

Accessing services

Move data to HPC

OpenAIRE services:zenodo.org

For all content types!

With GitHub integration!

Upload Describe Publish

Create communities!

https://www.openaire.eu/search

Link data to publications

OpenAIRE training and support materials

• Briefing papers, factsheets, Webinars, workshops, FAQs

• Information on:• Open Research Data Pilot• Creating a data

management plan• Selecting a data

repository

https://www.openaire.eu/opendatapilothttps://www.openaire.eu/support

www.eudat.eu www.openaire.eu

Thanks – any questions?Contact us:

Tony Ross-Hellauer, OpenAIRE: ross-hellauer@sub.uni-goettingen.deSarah Jones, EUDAT: Sarah.Jones@glasgow.ac.uk

Acknowledgements:

Thanks to EUDAT colleagues Mark van de Sanden and Christine Staiger for slides.

Content has also been repurposed from the DataONE Educational modules, ‘Data Management’ and ‘Data Sharing’ Retrieved from https://www.dataone.org/education-modules